"Architecture should speak of its time and place, but yearn for timelessness." Frank Gehry SLAVE DYNASTY KHILJI DYNASTY TUGHLAQ DYNASTY SAYYID DYNASTY LODHI DYNASTY DELHI SULTANATE HISTORY Major developments of Slave Dynasty – Qutb Minar Quwat-ul-islam Tomb of Iltutmish Tomb of Balban . Starting from its base of 47 ft (14. The top storey is approached by a central spiral staircase with 360 steps as it stands today.3 m) diameter. The multiple Niches below the balcony mark the Hindu carver’s graduation in the art of nonfigurative Islamic carving. The four balconies projected out over an elaborate system of Stalactite-like pendentives.7 m). it tapers to a width of 9 ft (2. QUTAB MINAR . THE CALLIGRAPHY AND PENDENTIVES ON QUTB MINAR . occupies the southwest corner of the complex. . of which only the southern gate (Alai Darwaza) remains. The Qutb complex consists of a mosque and two minarets enclosed within a series of cloistered precincts. Complex measures about 235 m (north-south) by 155 m (east-west) along the exterior. east and south walls. Quwwat ul Islam Mosque. It was entered via four monumental gates along the north. . A tall screen wall with pointed archways runs along the western edge of the precinct. and the Imam Zamin Mosque The Qutb Minar (minaret) stands in the southeastern part of this enclosure. Ala al-Din Khalji's madrasa. creating a qibla wall for the prayer spaces. Also contains several smaller buildings: the Tomb of Iltumish. QUWWAT UL ISLAM . . Iltutmish managed to build the initial arch across the right-angular junction corners of the walls below. These arches in turn were covered with intricate and beautiful Islamic arabesques delicately sunk both into sandstone and marble panels. Today there’s just a square base of 30 ft (9m) diameter dome having collapsed long ago. TOMB OF ILTUMISH . TOMB OF ILTUMISH . For the unobtrusive true arches built with radiating voussoirs symbolises the confidence with the subsequent Islamic dynasties to continue. Here for the first time a True Arch was put together (in India) and bonded on the scientific system originally formulated by the Roman engineers. . TOMB OF BALBAN . TOMB OF BALBAN . venturing into many a grandiose and foolhardy projects. Ala-ud-din khilji was one of the most prominent ruler of the dynasty that attracted most of the Muslim luminaries like Amir Khusaro. He inscribed his name as Alexander II in his coins His architectural projects reflected his character. Islamic builders took a definitive step forward in their art. . In his rule. This was achieved by throwing yet another asymmetrically arranged cloister around the existing one. . there were foundations of Alai Minar At asymmetrical intervals along the outer walls. While Iltutmish had been content with increasing the size by three times. Ala-ud-din increased it by more than six times. it was proposed to install six gateways. In the center of Northern extn. EXPANSION OF QUWAT-UL-ISLAM . . Displays remarkable artisanship of Turkish and local artisans who worked on it. Domed ceiling rises to a height of 47 feet. It has exquisite inlaid marble decorations and latticed stone screens. The main structure of the Alai Darwaza consists of a single hall 34½ feet on the inside and 56½ feet on the outside. Alai Darwaza at the Qutb Complex has been built in red sandstone and marble. west. in the shape of a horseshoe. The three doorways on the east. one recessed within the other. changes the square into an octagon. and then the octagon into the circle of the dome with an interweaving sixteen-sided shaft formed by a bracket at each end of the octagon. and south are lofty pointed arches. A series of squinches of pointed shape. . which rise above the flanking side bays. in the upper section of each angle of the hall. ALAI DARWAZA . The three arched openings in the eastern wall satisfactorily replace the maqsura or attached screen of arches. uninterrupted by columns. the prosaic liwan is transformed into one composite rectangular hall. was assembled in the building of Jamat Khana. The first of these large spaces to be produced by rationally conjoining together three cubic compartments each with its own dome . . For the first time. JAMAT KHANA MASJID WITH THE JAMA MASJID VISIBLE BEHIND . Tomb of Ghias ud din Tughlaq Tughlaqabad Feroz Shah Kotla Khirki Masjid Hauz Khas Tomb of Telangani . the tomb has 61ft (20 sqmt) square base. built over what at one time must have been a large sheet of water. . Buildings were constructed with walls at 75◦ with ground. Has arched form of constructing and the lintel beam method.6m) long causeway. The tomb is connected to the fortress by a 250 yard (228. TOMB OF GHIAS-UD-DIN TUGHLAQ . The walled city and fort of Tughlaqabad with its 13 gateways lies east of the Qutab Minar. . it was built by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq.The third city of Delhi. when the Tughlaq ruler took away the workers the latter wanted for work on his shrine.Its construction involved a legendary quarrel with the saint Nizamuddin. . RUINS OF THE CITY OF TUGHLAQABAD . defined by moderately defensive walls. The eastern side and longer side are parallel and face the bank of the river. The areas of North and South of the central axis were divided into smaller rect courtyards which had water gardens. . barracks. tanks. Main entrance is in the middle of the side opposite to the river. half a mile (800m) long a quarter mile (400m) wide. The city is planned as a slightly irregular rectangle. armoury and servants. Directly opposite to this was the Diwan-i-am and just behind was the Diwan-I-khas. VIEW OF FEROZ SHAH KOTLA . TOMB OF FEROZ SHAH TUGHLAQ . from where you have an excellent view of the domes: there would have been 81 in all but nine have collapsed. The mosque's interior is divided into a series of bays by pillars and topped by individual domes. Steps lead up to the mosque's roof. To let enough light in. . Junan Shah left four large openings in the roof besides building a series of windows in the outer walls. KHIRKI MASJID TIERED DOMES OF THE MASJID . 600 meters wide by 700 meters long and 4 meters deep. mosque. the tank has a storage capacity of 800. The six individual domed pavilions are all scattered in the gardens of the eastern part of the complex. The madrasa complex measures 76 meters N-S by 138 meters along the E-W. . Firuz Shah's tomb. The Hauz Khas madrasa complex comprises a madrasa. and six domed pavilions.000 cubic meters of water. HAUZ KHAS . The madrasa complex measures 76 meters N-S by 138 meters along the E-W. South pavilion . the eastern part of the complex.15 meters. of which the central dome has a diameter of 6. The six individual domed pavilions are all scattered in the gardens of The main structure.One enters through a forecourt facing a two-storied domed tower. is a single building in the shape of two arms (or an "L") that run along the south and east edges of the reservoir and intersect at the southeast corner in Firuz Shah's tomb. . which consists of the connected pavilions and domed towers. The spread out base provided by the surrounding veranda certainly lent visual credence to the structure. . This was the tomb of Firuz Shah’s Prime Minister. Its square in plan except for the Sultan Ghari which was octagonal in plan. Khan-e-Jahan Telangani. Small kiosks are installed along the base of the dome and the veranda. TOMB OF TELANGANI . A. In 1414. Daullat Khan Lodhi and Khizar both attempted to occupy the throne of Delhi. died in 1412. W. As a reward. Hadrat Muhammad (S. Thus his established rule is known as the Saiyids Dynasty. the founder of the Saiyids Dynasty.). claimed to be a descendent of the Prophet of Islam. the last of the Tughlaq rulers. Khizar Khan. When Mahmud Shah. . Khizar won the battle and established the rule of his dynasty in Delhi. on his departure from the area. Khizar collaborated with Timur during his invasion on India. Tomb of Muhammad Shah Sayyid . one was Octagonal and the other was conventional familiar cube with domed roof. Two tomb designs were developed. New Delhi. . The Lodi Gardens are located at the formerly Lady Willingdon Park. the court became the liwan and mosque attached to the funerary chamber. Only the kiosks on the veranda roof were eliminated and replaced by semi-minarets or guldastas attached to the base of the tomb. . Impressive gateways were also installed at the cardinal points in the centers of the surrounding walls. By addition of a verandah to the western wall. . literature. music. and religion. The architecture of this period greatly influenced the further Mughal style to great extents and also succeeded in changing the face of the city of Delhi. The resulting "Indo-Muslim" fusion left lasting monuments in architecture. Princess Razia Sultana (1236-1240). The Sultanate ushered in a period of Indian cultural renaissance.The Delhi Sultanate is the only Sultanate to stake a claim to possessing one of the few female rulers in India. Presented By – Mayank .