Polytechnic University of the PhilippinesCOLLEGE OF EDUCATION Department of Elementary and Secondary Education Sta. Mesa, Manila MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION A Report on: Definition and Purposes of Measurement and Evaluation Submitted by: Amoyo, Shekinah F. Boyo, Jy Allyra S. Dolot, Dyea C. Flores, Jacqueline S. Libron, Maricris P. Monderin, Camille P. Patrolla, Danilo B. BSEDEN 4-1D Submitted to: Prof. Jay-R A. Manamtam June 22, 2015 clarify the terms measurement and evaluation. MAIN CONTENT Meaning of Terms Test and testing Simply put a test is a measuring tool or instrument in education. test and testing measurement and evaluation will be given. Assessment The term assess is derived from a Latin word “asoidere” meaning “to sit by” in judgment. the meaning of assessment. is the process of administering the test on the pupils. This test is an instrument given to you by the teacher in order to obtain data on which you are judged. questionnaire. OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit the learner will be able to explain the terms test and testing. opinionnaire.INTRODUCTION In this unit. In other words the process of making you or letting you take the test in order to obtain a quantitative representation of the cognitive or non-cognitive traits you possess is called testing. Let us look at few of them. the intent is to determine changes or gains resulting from such instruments as inventory. More specifically. define the term assessment. There are many definitions and explanations of assessment in education. . So the instrument or tool is the test and the process of administering the test is testing. scale etc. list the purposes of measurement and evaluation and explain the types of evaluation. Testing on the other hand. a test is considered to be a kind or class of measurement device typically used to find out something about a person. It is an educationally common type of device which an individual completes himself or herself. The purpose of carrying out measurement and evaluation will also be given since the primary purpose of educationally measuring and evaluating the learner is to utilize the results for the improvement of teaching-learning. It means that the values of the attribute are translated into numbers by measurement. the numerical value of scholastics ability. Assessment is a systematic basis for making inference about the learning and development of students… the process of defining. To iii. You will have to note from these definitions that · · Assessment is a human activity. Assessment involves interaction. Erwin. Assessment can be formal or informal. It is a systematic process of obtaining the quantified degree to which a trait or an attribute is present in an individual or object. it is an attempt to know the person. collecting. is conscious of obtaining and interpreting information about the knowledge and understanding of abilities and attitudes of that other person. in Brown and Knight. Its role is to increase students’ learning and development It helps learners to diagnose their problems and to improve the quality of their subsequent learning. some extent or other. Measurement This is a broad term that refers to the systematic determination of outcomes or characteristics by means of some sort of assessment device. Rowntree (1977): Assessment in education can be thought of as occurring whenever one person. aptitude. with another. (1994).i. selecting. designing. which aims at seeking to understand what the · · · · learners have achieved. in some kind of interaction. achievement etc can be measured and obtained using instruments such as paper and pencil test. direct or indirect. Evaluation . Freeman and Lewis (1998) to assess is to judge the extent of students’ ii. Assessment may be descriptive rather than judgment in nature. In other words it is a systematic assignment of numerical values or figures to a trait or an attribute in a person or object. In education. analyzing. learning. interpreting and using information to increase students’ learning and development. ii. For Thorpe (1993) evaluation is the collection analysis and interpretation of information about training as part of a recognized process of judging its effectiveness. processes. arts. or our own standards of excellence. a. Tests like readiness tests. particularly with reference to the stated objectives of the programme. Formative Evaluation This is a type of evaluation designed to help both the student and teacher to pinpoint areas where the student has failed to learn so that this failure may be . and Using the evaluation results to improve learning and teaching Types of Evaluation The different types of evaluation are: placement. before this is done an examination will be carried out. commercial etc. In some schools for instance. If you study these definitions very well. aptitude tests and achievement tests can be used. formative. This may help the teacher to adjust his lesson plan. diagnostic and summative evaluations. its efficiency and any other outcomes it may have. our own expectations. or outcomes of a programme are examined to see whether they are satisfactory. Constructing or selecting tests and other evaluation tools relevant to the iii. It is an examination conducted to assist in improving this programme and other programmes having the same general purpose. b. Placement Evaluation This is a type of evaluations carried out in order to fix the students in the appropriate group or class. According to Cronbach et al (1980) evaluation means the systematic examination of events occurring in and consequent on a contemporary programme. These are i. This is in form of pretest or aptitude test. students are assigned to classes according to their subject combinations. technical. Identifying and defining the intended outcomes. According to Tuckman (1975) evaluation is a process wherein the parts. specified outcomes. such as science. you will note that evaluation as an integral part of the instructional process involves three steps. ability tests. It can also be a type of evaluation made by the teacher to find out the entry behaviour of his students before he starts teaching. the curriculum and the entire system. technical. iii. providing feedback. It is called a summarizing evaluation because it looks at the entire course of instruction or programme and can pass judgment on the teacher and students. For the purpose of selecting students for employment . ability or subjects. commercial etc. suggesting suitable practice etc. weekly tests. For research purposes. v. The Purpose of Measurement and Evaluation The main purposes of measurement and evaluation are: i. For modification of the curriculum purposes. What you will now do is to design a type of diagnostic test. arrangements. self rating. c. level of performance. you have used formative evaluation to identify some weaknesses in your students. As a teacher. which is applied during instruction to find out the underlying cause of students persistent learning difficulties. Placement of student. These diagnostic tests can be in the form of achievement tests. It is used for certification. performance test. etc. vii. ix. interviews observations. d. Summative evaluation: This is the type of evaluation carried out at the end of the course of instruction to determine the extent to which the objectives have been achieved. viii. which involves bringing students appropriately in the learning sequence and classification or streaming of students according to ii.g. You have also applied some corrective measures which have not showed success. terminal examinations etc.rectified. Stimulating learning: this can be motivation of the student or teacher. Improving teaching: by helping to review the effectiveness of teaching vi. For guidance and counseling services. It provides a feedback to the teacher and the student and thus estimating teaching success e. Certification: This helps to certify that a student has achieved a particular iv. Diagnostic Evaluation This type of evaluation is carried out most of the time as a follow up evaluation to formative evaluation. professional. Selecting the students for courses – general. Assessment can be seen as the engine that drives and shapes learning. xi.U. rather than simply an end of term examination that grades and reports performance. Totan Pub. xiii. For modification of teaching methods. The process of administering this test is called testing. Test can be in the form of pen and paper examination. Test. So measurement gives the individual’s ability in numerical indices of scores i. you have placed yourself on a good footing for the study of this all important course which you can not do without as a teacher. For reporting students progress to their parents. assignments. . CONCLUSION Now that you have gone through the descriptions of the major terms used in measurement and evaluation and you can give the purposes of measurement and evaluation as well as explain the types of evaluation. diagnostic or summative. measurement is quantitative. Evaluation is expressed in qualitative indices such as good. excellent pass or fail. x. Ltd.e. Output is counted in terms of test results which are naturally expressed in quantitative indices such as scores or marks. For the awards of scholarship and merit awards. those practitioners in the educational system are most of the times interested in ascertaining the outputs of the educational programme. For the maintenance of students. Value judgment is therefore attached to the measurement.ix. (1989) Fundamental of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology. SUMMARY In general. Evaluation can be placement. REFERENCES/FURTHER READINGS Obimba. formative. F. Owerri. But an act of measurement is done when we award marks to an answer paper or assignment. For the purposes of promotions to the student. which is a device. an instrument or a tool consisting of a set of tasks or questions. For the admission of students into educational institutions. is used to obtain the results. xiv. practical etc. xii. O.Ohuche. B.A. (1975) Measuring Educational Outcomes Fundamental of Testing. (1977) Testing and Evaluation in Education. Atlanta: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich inc. . S. New Delhi: A Publication of Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU). and Akeju.W. Lagos: African Educational Resources (AER) STRAIDE Handbook (2002) Assessment and Evaluation in Distance Education. Tuchman. R.
Report "Definition and Purposes of Measurement and Evaluation"