Designation: D 1241 – 07Standard Specification for Materials for Soil-Aggregate Subbase, Base, and Surface Courses1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1241; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. Scope* D 421 Practice for Dry Preparation of Soil Samples for 1.1 This specification covers the quality and grading of the Particle-Size Analysis and Determination of Soil Con- following materials for use in the construction of subbase, stants base, and surface courses: sand-clay mixtures; gravel; stone or D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained slag screenings; sand; crusher-run coarse aggregate consisting Fluids of gravel, crushed stone, or slag combined with soil mortar; or D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies any combination of these materials. The requirements are Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock intended to cover materials having normal specific gravity, as Used in Engineering Design and Construction absorption, and gradation characteristics. Where other materi- D 4318 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and als are to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use must Plasticity Index of Soils be specified. 3. Terminology 1.2 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the Test Methods portion, Section 9, of this specification. This 3.1 For definitions of terms in this standard, refer to standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, Terminology D 653. if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user 4. Types of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- 4.1 The following types of mixtures are specified: tions prior to use. 4.1.1 Type I—Mixtures shall consist of stone, gravel, or slag with natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles passing 2. Referenced Documents a No. 200 (75-µm) sieve and shall conform to the requirements 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 of Table 1 for Gradation A, B, C, or D. C 117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-µm (No. 4.1.2 Type II—Mixtures shall consist of natural or crushed 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing sand with fine mineral particles passing a No. 200 (75-µm) C 131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small- sieve, with or without stone, gravel, or slag, and shall conform Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los to the requirements of Table 1 for Gradation E or F. Angeles Machine 5. General Requirements C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates 5.1 Coarse Aggregate—Coarse aggregate, retained on a No. D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates 4 (4.75 mm) sieve, for use in Type I and Type II mixtures, shall D 420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering De- consist of hard, durable, and sound particles or fragments of sign and Construction Purposes stone, gravel, or slag. Coarse aggregate shall have abrasion loss, determined by Test Method C 131, of not more than 50. NOTE 1—A higher or lower abrasion loss may be specified by the 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil engineer, depending upon the materials available for the work. and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special and Construction Control Tests. 5.2 Fine Aggregate—Fine aggregate, passing a No. 4 (4.75 Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approved mm) sieve, for use in Type I and Type II mixtures, shall consist in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 1241 – 00. 2 of natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particles passing the For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at
[email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM No. 200 (75-µm) sieve. The fraction passing the No. 200 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on (75-µm) sieve shall not be greater than two thirds of the the ASTM website. fraction passing the No. 40 (425-µm) sieve as determined by *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. 1 .)... .1 Materials for base course shall conform to the require. 9. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice NOTE 3—Where local experience (performance history.. . Gradation E or F.4 Surveying and Sampling Soils for Highway specify lower percentages. a plasticity index not greater than 6 as determined by Test Method D 4318. etc. in order to prevent damage by frost action. 10 (2. material type. and Plasticity Index—Test 7.) has shown that. (9.5 Preparing Soil Samples—Method D 421. 40 (425-µm) 8 to 20 15 to 30 15 to 30 25 to 45 20 to 50 30 to 70 No.6 Liquid Limit.3 Abrasion Loss—Test Method C 131. etc. C.1 Materials for subbase shall conform to the requirements merated in this specification in accordance with the following of Section 5 and Table 1for Type I. soil–aggregate subbase.. (50-mm) 100 100 ..1. Gradation A. and surface courses 2 . 9. 7. or D.5-mm) 30 to 65 40 to 75 50 to 85 60 to 100 . or for Type II Gradation E or F. Subgrades—Guide D 420. the engineer may 9. Gradation E or F. Users of these test methods are cautioned that compliance with is necessary to have lower percentages of the base-course materials Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable testing. fine aggregate. form to the requirements of Section 5 and Table 1 for Type I. (25.1 Sampling—Practice D 75. The engineer may also specify some of those factors. D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective erties. Plastic Limit.75-mm) 25 to 55 30 to 60 35 to 65 50 to 85 55 to 100 70 to 100 No. 1-in. C 136. B. or for Type II. 10.1 Soil-aggregate materials for surface course shall con. it testing. erties. . The type and grading NOTE 5—The precision of these test methods is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing them and the suitability of the desired shall be specified.0-mm) .) has shown that. The engineer may also specify tighter grada... tighter gradation requirements when local experience suggests it to be appropriate. The fraction passing the No.1.00-mm) 15 to 40 20 to 45 25 to 50 40 to 70 40 to 100 55 to 100 No. . the Engineer may give consideration to the permeability characteristics of the 5. Reliable testing passing the No.. the depends on many factors. No. in order to prevent damage by frost action.. material prop. Test Methods 6. shall be specified. gravels.. C. organic matter and clay lumps and shall conform to the grading requirements of Table 1. etc. ments of Section 5 and Table 1 for Type I. The type and grading desired 9. Surface-Course Materials 10.1. 200 (75-µm) sieve than are required by Table 1. equipment and facilities used. Gradation A.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enu- 6. or ASTM standards: for Type II.1. 75 to 95 100 100 100 100 3⁄8-in. the No. material prop. Method D 4318. B. Keywords 8.. 200 (75-µm) sieve than are required by Table 1. D 1241 – 07 TABLE 1 Gradation Requirements for Soil-Aggregate Materials Weight Percent Passing Square Mesh Sieves Sieve Size Type I Type II (Square Openings) Gradation Gradation Gradation Gradation Gradation Gradation A B C D E F 2-in. or D. 200 (75-µm) 2 to 8 5 to 15 5 to 15 8 to 15 6 to 15 8 to 15 Test Methods C 117 and C 136. The type and (425-µm) sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater than 25 and grading shall be specified.3 The composite material of Types I and II shall be free of materials used (that is. grading. 9. 4 (4. Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating engineer may specify lower percentages..2 Sieve Analysis—Test Method C 117 and Test Method NOTE 2—Where local experience (performance history.1 coarse aggregate. base. tion requirements when local experience suggests it to be appropriate.1. 40 Gradation C or D. granular materials.1. grada- 8. NOTE 4—When materials are being used for surface courses. tion. Subbase Materials 9.. crushed stone. Base-Course Materials 9. it is necessary to have lower percentages of the subbase materials passing 9. 2.00 mm)” to “No. are entirely their own responsibility. (1) Editorial changes were made to conform to Form and Style (3) Changed “No.org). or service@astm. 3 . 610-832-9555 (fax). If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards. PA 19428-2959. or through the ASTM website (www. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee. ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard.75 mm)” in for ASTM Standards. (2) Revised Section 4 pertaining to Type I and II gradings. West Conshohocken.astm. PO Box C700. 4 (4. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. D 1241 – 07 SUMMARY OF CHANGES Committee D18 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D 1241 – 00) that may impact the use of this standard (approved July 1. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised. 100 Barr Harbor Drive. (4) Revised Note 4. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International.1 and 5. which you may attend.org (e-mail). and the risk of infringement of such rights. 2007). Sections 5. at the address shown below. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585 (phone). United States. either reapproved or withdrawn. 10 (2.