Creativity & Innovation notes_IV_Sem_2016.pdf

REFERENCE MATERIAL- CREATIVITY & INNOVATION 2016-17Creativity & Innovation (Please note that these notes are not comprehensive and therefore additional reading is recommended from diverse sources) “Innovation is the successful exploitation of new ideas.” S Sr. No 1 Syllabus Introduction to Creativity and Innovation, Nature of Creativity: Person, Process, Product and Environment 2 Nature of Innovation: Making the Idea a Reality 3 Need for Creativity and Innovation in Organizations 4 Role of Creativity and Innovation in the Organisation 5 Dynamics that underlie Creative Thinking 6 Creative insight: Why do good ideas come to us and when they do? 7 Idea evaluation: What to do with generated ideas? Creativity in Teams 8 Developing and Contributing to a Creative-Innovation Team Managing for Creativity and Innovation 9 Tools and Techniques in Creativity 10 Evolving a Culture of Creativity and Innovation in Organizations 11 Creativity in the Workplace 12 Creativity and Change Leadership 13 Researching/Assessing Creativity 14 Global Perspectives on Creativity 15 Case Studies Books Referred: 1. Innovation Management – Allan Afuah – Oxford Publications Managing & Shaping 2. Innovation – Steve Conway & Fred Steward – Oxford Publications Business Ethics Page 1 MMS-SEMESTER III Form Product Service Process Mgmt study material created/compiled by- Prof Ankita Asthana Forms of Innovation Innovation Innovator Walkman Akio Morita/Sony Ballpoint Pen Laszlo Biro Television John Logie Baird Spreadsheet Dan Bricklin Telephone Insurance Peter Wood/RBS Credit Card R. Schneider/ F. Mc Namara Internet Bookstore Jeff Buzos Moving Assembly Line Henry Ford Float Glass Alistair Pilkington Computer Airline IBM/American Airlines Reservations(SABRE) Country Japan Hungrary UK USA UK USA USA USA UK USA Introduction to Creativity and Innovation, Nature of Creativity: Person, Process, Product and Environment Learning Objectives This chapter will enable the reader to:  Understand the concept of Innovation & Creativity  Recognize the different types of innovation, e.g. product, process, person and environment.  Explain the difference between discovery, invention, design, innovation and change. Concept of Innovation “Innovation is the successful exploitation of new ideas.” The concept of innovation is quite diverse, depending mainly on its application. Briefly, innovation is the successful exploitation of new ideas. And companies’ success, for example, means increased revenues, access to new markets, increased profit margins, among other benefits. Innovation is the activity of people and organizations to change themselves and the environment. It means breaking routines and dominant ways of thinking, introducing new things and behaviors, launching new standards. “Innovation is not a single action, but a total process of interrelated sub processes. It is not just the conception of a new idea, nor the invention of a new device, nor the development of a new market. The process is all these things acting in an integrated fashion.” - Myers & Marquis (1969) Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 2 MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by- Prof Ankita Asthana Innovation is an act of application of new ideas to which creates some value for the business organization, government and society as well.  new technology.  new product line or segment.  new method of production. An improvement in existing product. So, Innovation can be characterized as: 1. Innovation (like invention) concerns novelty 2. Innovation is concerned with exploitation of new possibilities, through the bringing to market, or the bringing into practical use, of an idea or concept; 3. Innovation is a process 4. Innovation is a broad concept that embraces the full range of activities from discovery and invention, through to development and commercialization. Why it is importance to innovate? Innovations are able to generate competitive advantages in the medium and long term, innovate is essential for the sustainability of the companies and the countries in the future. Innovations are important because they allow companies to access new markets, increase revenues, perform new partnerships, learn new knowledge and increase the value of their brands Innovation is more than simply having a good idea. Innovation is about turning new ideas and concepts into something that will create value. Value can be commercial, social or organizational. Innovation can be Incremental or Radical: Incremental Innovation:  It reflects small continuous improvements in products or product lines. It generally represents small improvements in benefits noticed by the consumer and it does not change significantly the business model or the way the product is consumed.  Example: the evolution of common CD to double CD, capable of storing twice as many tracks. Radical Innovation:  It represents a drastic change in the way that the product or the service is consumed. It generally, brings a new paradigm to the market segment that modifies the existing business model, Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 3 Kodak led the industry for years developing new and improved products based on traditional film. marketing or business model Focuses on processes.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Characteristics of Incremental and Radical Innovation Incremental Innovation Radical Innovation Exploits existing technology Explores new technology Low uncertainty High uncertainty Focuses on cost or feature improvements in existing products or services. stored and used images. This revolutionized the industry and the way people captured. Innovation is not just about products Types of Innovation The different forms of innovation can be classified in several ways. Focal Objectives of Innovation Product innovation:   It consists of changes in product attributes with a change in how the product is noticed by consumers. as the innovation focal object and its impact. Example: car with automatic transmission compared to “conventional“one.Prof Ankita Asthana  Example: the evolution of the music CD to digital files in MP3 extension. or creates new ones To illustrate the difference between incremental and radical innovation think about the camera industry. Table 1. Here we highlight two of these visions. However these were all incremental innovations based on the same technology. The radical innovation in this industry was the development of digital imaging. processes. products or services with unprecedented performance features Improves competitiveness within current markets or industries Creates a dramatic change that transforms existing markets or industries. Process innovation: Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 4 . GroundProbe.MMS-SEMESTER III   Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 5 . such as with Amazon. offering whole new marketing systems. Furitechnics has taken an innovative approach to marketing its products. It involves developing new products or services. a Queensland company supplying precision measuring instruments to mines around the world. Moriatis Fresh is an example of a company that has innovated in its supply and delivery processes. Product/service Innovation You are probably most familiar with product/service innovation. It does not necessarily have an impact on the final product but produces benefits in the production process. the Apple iPod is an innovation compared with the Sony Walkman. Using information and communications technology (ICT) can help to improve processes. Innovation of business model:  It consists of changes in the business model which means the way the product or the service is offered to the market.com. your pricing strategies. and the channels that you use to distribute your offering. is an example of a company that has successfully used service innovation to enhance its innovative products. nnovation is more than simply having a good idea. Process Innovation Applying an innovative approach to improving operational processes in your business such as production line developments. financial systems or human resource management can give a competitive advantage. generally increasing the productivity and reducing costs. A product innovation is the act of bringing something new to the market place that improves the range and quality of products on offer: for example. A process innovation is a new way of making or delivering goods or services: for example. Value can be commercial. going to visit the doctor and recording that you have arrived for your appointment by touching a screen instead of talking to a receptionist. and even technological innovation. In recent years the web has been the most significant innovation in marketing channels. Marketing Innovation Do you use an innovative approach in taking your products and services to market? Have you found innovative ways to increase your customer base in your current market or even find new markets for your offerings? Marketing innovation centres around how you promote your offering. It does not necessarily imply changes in the product or even in the production process but in the way as it is brought to the market. social or organisational. which was an earlier portable device for playing music. Example: automobile produced by robots compared to that produced by human workers.Prof Ankita Asthana It consists of changes regarding the product or the service production process. enhancing existing products or services. Innovation is about turning new ideas and concepts into something that will create value. compared to the traditional business model where the vehicle is sold. It must be expressive.Prof Ankita Asthana Example: the consumer rents a car paying a monthly fee to use the vehicle. Defining Creativity • • Creativity is the characteristic of a person to generate new ideas. including insurance. original and unique. Business model innovation has the potential to offer the greatest competitive advantages for a business. solutions and possibilities in a most unique and different way. maintenance and replacement by newer model every year. It is the mirror of how beautifully a person can think in any given circumstance. Some examples of Queensland businesses that have used business model innovations successfully are discussed below. alternatives. Creativity is the ability to conceive something unpredictable.MMS-SEMESTER III  Mgmt study material created/compiled by. interesting and imaginative. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 6 . Are there opportunities for innovation in the structure and/or financial model of your business? Business model innovation often involves structural changes and strategic partnerships. Creativity is an imaginative process as opposed to innovation is a productive process. the thought of creation of a new traveling motorcycle is creativity. but Innovation can be measured. Conversely. Creativity can never be measured. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 7 . The quality of thinking new ideas and putting them into reality is creativity. Example The invention of motorcycle was a biggest innovation over scooters.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. In this example. 4. The act of executing the creative ideas into practice is innovation.Prof Ankita Asthana Key Differences Between Creativity and Innovation The following are the major differences between Creativity and Innovation: 1. 6. 3. Creativity does not require money. There is no risk involved in creativity. 2. 5. Innovation is related to introduce something better into the market. but the actual invention of it is innovation. On the other hand innovation requires money. whereas risk is always attached to innovation. Want to boost innovation in your business? Here are some practical suggestions. Creativity is related to the generation of ideas which are new and unique. You want people who believe that reaching the destination is really worthwhile. They do not need to offer huge rewards. Your energy and drive will translate itself into direction and inspiration for your people. 8. goals and challenges. test it”. You need one overarching statement that defines the direction for the business and that people will readily understand and remember. Have a vision for change To be innovative your team must know the direction in which they are heading. Ask them to run their current jobs in the most effective way possible and at the same time to find completely new ways to do the job.” They explain that while trying new ventures is risky. They like to consider lots of proposals. It is no good filling your bus with contented. 6. to change the way Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 8 . 5.Prof Ankita Asthana 1. experiment and to succeed. easy to use. Build prototypes “Don’t debate it. passionate supporters. It is up to the leader to set the course and give a bearing for the future. Thomas Edison tested over 3000 filaments before he came up with his version of a practical light bulb. with its well defined rules and referees. Encourage your employees to ask themselves—what is the essential purpose of my role? What is the outcome that I deliver that is of real value to my clients (internal and external)? Is there a better way to deliver that value or purpose? The answer is always “yes”. Give everyone two jobs Give all your people two key objectives. Be passionate Focus on the things that you want to change. So they look outside for other organisations with complementary skills to partner with. You will learn far more in the real world than you will in the test laboratory or with focus groups. properly managed and successful. They are comfortable with the knowledge that many of the ideas they back will fail. they have to have the whole-hearted commitment of the senior team to keep them fresh. too. They must paint a picture that shows an appealing future that is worth taking risks to achieve. 9. Innovation has to have a purpose. 2. They help people embrace change. we need to do even better. Welcome failure Encourage a culture of experimentation. Biolytix vision is to be the supplier of the best solutions in wastewater treatment systems around the world. but most people never ask the question. “We are doing well but we cannot rest on our laurels. Fight the fear of change Constantly demonstrate the need for change. Recognition and response are generally more important. Business is not like sport. well resourced. 7. finding innovative routes to success. If you want to inspire people to innovate. These are all important lessons for business leaders who typically consider only a handful of proposals and who abhor failure. 3. you must give people the freedom to innovate. Have a dynamic suggestion scheme How do you tap into ideas from the people working in your business? Great suggestion schemes are focused. To be truly agile. They explain to people how their role is crucial in fulfilling the vision and meeting the challenges. 4. You want evangelists.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. It is more like art and is rife with opportunity for the lateral thinker who can create new ways to provide the goods and services customers want. Break the rules To achieve radical innovation you have to challenge the assumptions that govern how things should look in your environment. complacent passengers. the most important challenges you face and be passionate about overcoming them. Try the new idea at low cost in a section of the market and see what the customers’ reactions are. For example. Think like a venture capitalist Venture capitalists (VCs) use a portfolio approach and balance the risk of losing with the upside of winning. Innovative leaders say. They inspire people to become passionate entrepreneurs. as well as robust and cost-effective. standing still is even riskier. Collaborate Many CEOs see collaboration as key to their success with innovation. Above all. Great leaders spend time illustrating the vision. responsive and open to all. They know they cannot do it all using internal resources. being technologically superior. That means you must give them the freedom to fail. 10. (n. India’s innovation capacity was showcased more recently by the Mangalayan Mars mission as well.’ is being powered by Western entrepreneurs and industrial giants. References Innovation Toolbox » Case Studies.). and the call by citizens and regulators for companies to be socially and environmentally responsible. completed at one tenth the cost and one third the time of NASA initiatives.au/mentoring/case-studies ‘Frugal Innovation 1. Uber and BlaBlaCar. and Pepsico (Global Value Innovation Centre in Gurgaon). ‘Frugal Innovation 3. Retrieved from http://www. such as Kenya’s m-Pesa (mobile money) and m-Kopa (installed payment system for solar energy).innovationtoolbox.d.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Western companies are now taking principles of frugal innovation to a much higher scale and scope than Indian companies. BASF (mobile production units). reflected in the rise of ‘sharing economy’ startups like AirBnB.Prof Ankita Asthana they do things and to achieve extraordinary results.0.0’ will consist of a more intense combining of forces between Indian innovators and global business giants from the West. Novartis (container-based drug manufacturing). ‘Frugal Innovation 2. These include the Renault Logan (Europe’s cheapest car). The next wave. Case Study on Frugal Innovation Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 9 .com. according to Radjou and Prabhu.0’ also emerged in China and Africa. then you have to be passionate about what you believe in and you have to communicate that passion every time you speak. The frugality demand for value and values in innovation is also gathering steam in the West in recent years. where families earning under $5 per day can't afford major appliances. This job is urgent in a country where a third of Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 10 . Electricity is unavailable or unreliable in many rural parts of India. Sunderraman led trips around rural India. People needed an affordable way to keep milk. observing the daily routines of villagers. vegetables and leftovers cool for a day or two—both at home or away.Prof Ankita Asthana How can you enter an emerging market – and improve the lives of millions? In India. The "job" was much more basic. he and the Innosight team witnessed how rural consumers purchased.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. leading manufacturer Godrej & Boyce wanted to reinvigorate growth in its venerablehousehold appliance business. The Innosight team began its work by imagining living in a home without a refrigerator. prepared and stored food and drinks. Could a community step up and help create a solution? Godrej Vice President G. Using our "jobs-to-be-done" approach. The idea to address the basic refrigeration needs of rural families in India began in 2006 at a disruptive innovation workshop led by Professor Clayton Christensen of Harvard Business School through Innosight. Defining a simple but urgent "job" We concluded that these homes didn't need cheap refrigerators. We helped find a way to attract non-consumers— the more than 80% of Indian households that lacked basic appliances such as refrigerators. the color of harmony and bliss. according to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.” This “value” is Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 11 . Most recently. In a straw poll of 600 women in the village of Osmanabad. about half of an entry level refrigerator. A disruptive innovation for the base of the economic pyramid. The result is an innovation with impact. In a straw poll of 600 women in the village of Osmanabad. Instead of traditional compressors. Godrej developed prototypes for feedback at "cocreation" events." in a reference to India's super-compact car. Godrej is now in the process of expanding distribution using community networks. The unconventional opening ensures cold air settles down in the cabinet to minimize heat loss and power consumption.000 ChotuKools in only its second full year on the market. Godrej developed prototypes for feedback at "cocreation" events. with 45 liters of volume inside a fully plastic body weighing less than 10 pounds.Prof Ankita Asthana all food is lost to spoilage. or other aspects of the activities of a firm that lead to increased “value. processes. ChotuKool has been called "the Tata Nano of appliances. ChotuKool is based on a thermoelectric chip that maintains a cool temperature on a 12-volt DC current or an external battery. BusinessWeek and Fast Company named Godrej one of the world's "most innovative companies. Godrej & Boyce is on pace to sell 100. Godrej needed to evolve a new business model to fit the market. Developing the business model Since ChotuKool is so unique. Priced at $69. the color of harmony and bliss." ChotuKool was also awarded the 2012 Edison Award Gold prize for the Social Impact category. Innosight suggested options for a new kind of financing plan and low-cost distribution system that generates profits. The unit is highly portable. with expanded distribution and a way for consumers to order personalized versions online. Chotukool creates a new product category. From this effort came the ChotuKool. or "little cool" in Hindi. The early success of ChotuKool led to Godrej being named India's most innovative company of the year by Business Standard magazine in a ceremony c onducted by the nation's Prime Minister. the community voted to make the product red. Godrej redesigned and relaunched ChotuKool as a major consumer brand. with a targeted value proposition that serves a new segment of customers.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. What Is Innovation? Innovation can be defined as the application of new ideas to the products. the community voted to make the product red. Moving beyond a single-state test market. Nature of Innovation: Making the Idea a Reality Innovation is a complicated and continuing process that demands individual and organizational creativity.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. meaning and identity. • Process innovation: the introduction of a new process for making or delivering goods and services. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 12 . Two important definitions are: • Product innovation: the introduction of a new product. To find refreshing authentic originals we need to rediscover purpose.Prof Ankita Asthana defined in a broad way to include higher value added for the firm and also benefits to consumers or other firms. Need for Creativity and Innovation in Organizations Role of Creativity and Innovation in the Organisation Dynamics that underlie Creative Thinking Creative insight: Why do good ideas come to us and when they do? Idea evaluation: What to do with generated ideas? Creativity in Teams Developing and Contributing to a Creative-Innovation Team Managing for Creativity and Innovation Tools and Techniques in Creativity Evolving a Culture of Creativity and Innovation in Organizations Creativity in the Workplace Creativity and Change Leadership Ideas and inventions From Ideas to inventions: 101 gifts from MIT to the world List out at least 10 major inventions that MIT has created in the last 50 years. or a significant qualitative change in an existing product. As individuals. our ability to communicate ‘the potentially creative’ fuels the organization’s innovative capacity. MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Ray Kurzweil – Text/Speech Recognition 8. Adi Shamir. Hugh Herr – Bionic Prostheses 3. Robert Noyce – Microchip 4. Robert Langer – Slow drug delivery and polymer scaffolds for human tissues 6. Ronald Rivest. Norbert Weiner – Cybernetics Why Daily Creativity Is So Important! Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 13 . Ray Tomlinson – E-mail 5. Shiintaro Asano – Fax Machine 9. Andrew Viterbi – Viterbi Algorithm 10.Prof Ankita Asthana Ivan Getting and Brad Parkinson – Global Positioning System 2. and Leonard Adelma – RSA encryption 7. We offer incentives for the filing of patents.S. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 14 . a total of 3. employees are empowered to flexibly manage their office hours as long as they work a total of eight hours each day. Under the program. We also offer incentives for idea suggestions to encourage our employees to proactively participate in knowledge sharing within Samsung Electronics. and support community activities. This test was the expression of our determination to shift from a time management-based corporate culture to a creativity-oriented corporate culture. If this test proves successful. we will expand the program to a company-wide level. provide a knowledge management system to share expertise and knowledge amongst employees.515 patents were filed in the U. � Adopting a Flexible Time program Samsung Electronics adopted a “Flexible Time” test program in 2008 in selected business divisions to maximize the creativity of its employees. in 2008.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. As a result.Prof Ankita Asthana Samsung Case Study Promoting a Creative Organizational Culture � Encouraging Suggestions for Work Process Improvement Samsung Electronics implements various programs to support employees’ suggestions so that ideas can bear fruit. MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. “People” are the most valuable asset as we carry out our business activities based on the principles of human respect. Also. we strongly believe that it is critical to recruit and retain talented people with creative. � Welfare Programs Samsung Electronics shares and cares about its employees’ concerns over their health. Therefore. every year-end.” Samsung Electronics has analyzed its corporate culture by utilizing the confidence index of �The 100 Best Companies to Work For�by Fortune Magazine since 1998. Samsung Electronics also provides vacations for self-management and other vacation programs including family theme tour packages. Talent Management Samsung Electronics believes the tradition of valuing “People” is the key to building a creative corporate culture. a corporate pension program. In case anyone works overtime. social position or payment or illegal labor practices such as child or forced labor at the source. giving rise to greater social interest in balancing work and life. Happiness has become the overarching value of employees’ quality life. In particular. race.S. religion. Based on the GWP analysis results. for a confidence index survey of our domestic and overseas workforces. Samsung Electronics also supports and encourages the employees to balance their work and life. an increasing number of female workers are participating in economic activities and retaining high potential employees has become the key to successful business operations. 400 GWP officers supervise and implement corporate culture improvement activities at each workplace. In 2007. we concluded a global contract with the “Great Place To Work (GPTW)” of the U.Prof Ankita Asthana � Work-Life Balance Because social norms have changed. we implement a variety of GWP activities to build the greatest work place based on a creative and enterprising corporate culture. To ensure sustainable growth in this rapidly changing business environment. In addition to the basic legal welfare programs such as premium subsidies for National Pension. Based on the belief that sharing best practices is one of the most effective ways to build the GWP. children’s education and post-retirement life and helps them prepare for their future in order to enhance employee satisfaction and provide better working environments. fairness. their supervisor and the employee are notified to insure they comply with the legal overtime work requirements. while eliminating discrimination based on gender. each division and department prepare and implement improvement plans to build a GWP by filling the gaps in the five survey categories which are of trust. we also provide medical subsidies. Samsung Electronics operates a separate GWP portal within its intranet and publishes the GWP magazine to share best practices of improving corporate culture and GWP-related information. pride and solidarity. enterprising spirits and competent employees who can flexibly respond to fierce international competition and globalization. Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance and Employment Insurance. Samsung Electronics abides by the international labor standards and local labor regulations to enhance employee value. For the creativity of the employees. work-out facilities and condominium rental services. the semiconductor and LCD business divisions hold GWP Awards to encourage pertinent departments and employees to share their GWP activities and performances. Building a Great Work Place (GWP) With an aim to realize a “Great Work Place (GWP). thereby attracting and retaining the most talented Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 15 . which contribute to building a corporate culture that fits our global stature. respect. At the same time. etc creates a homogeneous working environment. too serious a mindset can hinder creativity.  Perhaps having such homogeneity between the employees will facilitate team-bonding and such. experience. implementation. a uniform and agreeable crowd leaves little room for ideas to flourish. but when it comes to workplace creativity.  Organize more informal settings between employees with dissimilar profiles for the interchanging of thought Positive Working Environment  Sometimes.  Suggestions have to be taken seriously so that employees are willing to come up with more creative ways of improving the workplace. need to motivate them with some form of rewards.  This will be followed with a reward for the employee and equally important. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 16 . you can set goals for your employees to think up of some ways of making work processes more efficient. qualifications. or intangible ones like recognition from the organization by announcing the winner to the rest.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by.  Hire staffs from different knowledge and background and get them to mingle around in projects and even company events. Diversity Among Employees  Employees with comparable backgrounds.  Rather than setting stringent recruitment prerequisites.Prof Ankita Asthana people.  To kick-start things up.  Perhaps each employee can be tasked to provide one suggestion by the end of each week and you’ll assess which idea is the best. you might consider giving more allowance in your criteria. What’s Your Approach to the Creative Process? Reward Creativity  To get employees to think out-of-the-box.  The reward can be tangible ones like giving monetary incentives. • In built wifi and other facilities at bus • So the employees can complete their projects on the time.  We become more open-minded in that sense and are willing to explore alternatives. • De stress Room: Where employees can remove their frustration and irritation on boxing sack and on hit me statue.  Psychological studies have revealed that positive mood can spur creativity.Prof Ankita Asthana  Having fun during work allows one to be relaxed and that’s where one tends to get inspired with wonderful ideas. Voice Command Software : Which will type what will be spoken. • * Innovation team: A dedicated team that makes sure everyone does something new like happy Fridays sporting games etc. • * Work from home: For people who live afar off instead of wasting their time to travel to work they can work from home instead or in cases when employee is unwell etc. a stressful or even depressing work environment doesn’t give one the mood to think of doing things differently. • * Festival: Should be celebrated to motivate employees • * Music at work: Can pep the mood to enjoy the tasks for the day • * Gym & other amenities: So that they can rejuvenate themselves with the help of beauty parlours and guys can work out and stay brisk. etc.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. • * Flexi hours policy: where the employees can come in at any time to office but they have to complete their work and daily hours of working.  Needless to say.  The idea is that positive mood awards us with greater flexibility in thinking because our perspectives are widened. • * Voice to creativity: Here everyone should give their suggestion on how they would want the working environment to be like. • Management Games: To enhance their creativity. Providing saloon service & SPA at Workplace to Motivate and Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 17 . • * Changing workstation & giving connectivity: Allowing employees to work from anywhere in the office be it cafeteria. It will be used by employees whose major work is to type an emails. • Anti PPT Presentation Make presentation without making use of ppt & replace it with hand made models of products. 1. Company will take care of the employee work related to bank and other paper related things this will help to decrease in leave from employee.Prof Ankita Asthana To Feel Them Relax. 2.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Providing laundry Facilities at work place this will help the employee to provide Spent time at office Because They will Be Getting Free Service of Laundry. 3. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 18 . Prof Ankita Asthana 4) No punching system. 5)No Working hours to motivate employee. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 19 .MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. For advertisement which user see on website or an online. Advertisement will change as when cricket match is going on every 4 -6 and wickets Will display attractive Images to user Which Interact them And Result in More Revenue.Prof Ankita Asthana 4.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 20 . Red hat: intuitive.  (His most famous work deals with the concept of Lateral Thinking). expresses how one feels when one sees the object 3. Have each member of the group put on one of the following hats. Green hat: creative. and then examine the picture of the cricket bat on the next page. describes what is there 2.Prof Ankita Asthana Six Thinking Hats Exercise Edward de Bono  A management writer and consultant who has worked extensively on tools to enhance creativity. sees what is wrong with everything Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 21 . comes up with ideas 4. 1. White hat: factual.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Black hat: negative. sees what is good in everything 6.Prof Ankita Asthana 5.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. runs the discussion. decides which hat to put on when Exercise Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 22 . Yellow hat: positive. Blue hat: controls the process. Prof Ankita Asthana Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 23 .MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. White hat: A. How much does it cost?________________________________ C.Prof Ankita Asthana 1. Red hat: Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 24 . How many bats of that edition exist?______________________ 3. Blue hat: In which order should the group go through the hats?____________________________________________________ 2. Whose bat is in the picture?_________________________ B.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Green hat: List 3 ways that you could go about acquiring such a bat.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. How does looking at the picture make you feel?________________ B. B. Yellow hat: Of the options mentioned by the green hat. assuming that it is not for sale. A. Would you like to own such a bat?________________________ 4. if any. Which. 2005. is immoral?______________________________ 6. Of the 3 ways mentioned above. Black hat: A. ___________________________________________________ 5. ___________________________________________________ C. which seems the best one?__________________________________________________ Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 25 . which is the least practical? © Yoel Doron.Prof Ankita Asthana A. ___________________________________________________ Why?_________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ B. Toyota’s innovation culture increased the number of annual suggestions per employee 480-fold from 0. managers need to make sure that all employees know that innovation is a job requirement. Katsuaki Watanabe of Toyota said. and performance evaluations. procedures.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. they become a revolution.Prof Ankita Asthana Create an Innovation Culture To create an innovative culture. But when 70 years of very small improvements accumulate. It should be woven into the fabric of the business and given a prominent place in job descriptions. We just do whatever we believe is right. trying every day to improve every little bit and piece. “There is no genius in our company. What is Leadership: Select a Definition Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 26 . In a Harvard Business Review interview.1 to 48. Creativity and Change Leadership Learning Objective To demonstrate that creativity is a core leadership skill To help students internalize creativity principles and Creative Problem Solving strategies so that they can become more effective and powerful leaders. Innovation should be defined to include incremental as well as revolutionary improvements.” Over a 35year period. For these problems there Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 27 . The big problems of the day are complex.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. 2004 Fullan on Management & Leadership “I have never been fond of distinguishing between leadership and management: they overlap and you need both qualities. But here is one difference that it makes sense to highlight: leadership is needed for problems that do not have easy answers. rife with paradoxes and dilemmas.Prof Ankita Asthana Four Fundamental Components of Leadership • leadership is a process • leadership involves influence • leadership occurs within a group context • leadership involves goal attainment Northouse. They believe that creative leaders are born not made. such as 1. management practices will determine the extent to which these personal characteristics can be expressed. is to use management initiatives that create a work environment that stimulates the existing staff to be more creative and innovative. generating the idea. overcoming constraints (time. Creativity CAN Be Stimulated by Leaders There are many who would challenge the implicit assumption that leaders can do anything to foster creativity. informing “significant others. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 28 . relevance).” 3. and 5. the mission of every leader should be to search continually for ideas and programs that are superior to the ones the organization is currently committed to.” (Fullan. 4. New ideas can lead to programs that are superior to those that are already going on or planned in the organization and which would have been divested or never initiated had a better idea or program come along. it’s called PROGRESS. Transitioning Creativity to Innovation To get a creative idea is one thing. In a word. 2) Leaders know in their gut that creativity and innovation are the lifeblood of their organization. 2001. p. money. 2. Technology transition is the theme of a growing body of business literature.Prof Ankita Asthana are no once-and-for-all answers. planning the development process. But what can the leaders do to promote creativity and innovation? The most obvious answer. “selling” the idea effectively.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. which we need not dwell on here. but to get it transitioned into the innovation of a new product or service requires other personal characteristics. So. Even though an organization may have plenty of such people. short of hiring a new workforce. Innovative people need the kind of mind-set that can produce the succession of processes that lead to successful innovation. P.107-124 Bardini. 2001. C. CSCW Requirements and Evaluation. Building trust: A foundation of risk management. Studies in Ethnomethodology. how.: Sage Publications Garfinkel. and Gioia. Technology & Human Values. London: Springer Verlag. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 29 . Journal of Communication. 1967. (45)3: 40-65 Canadian Centre For Management Development (CCMD). ed. “Japanese new product development”. California. Creative Action in Organizations.M. 226-250 Faulkner. Eng. and Horvarth. Quarterly Review of Marketing. Science. 1995.: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Lieshout. 2001 Social Learning Technologies: The introduction of multimedia in education. C. 1888.J. eds.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. D. Egyedi and Bijker. Electronic version prepared by Jian Liu 1998. Indiana University Libraries: Reference Department http://www.E. that enlightened leaders can take to stimulate creativity and innovation in any work setting References Andriessen. W.H. Action-Research Roundtable on Risk Management.E.netten. R. 2001. Hampshire. “The Pied Piper of Hamelin”. “The why. Thomas. “Conceptualizing Knowledge Used in Innovation: A Second Look at the Science-Technology Distinction and Industrial Innovation”. J. 1989. W. “Diversified Hypermedia Use: An Experiment with Dis-closure” M. Progressive leadership can and does create a climate that encourages creativity and innovation. 1995 “The social construction of the personal computer user: The rise and fall of the reflexive user”. 1996. T. 1994.T.M. pp. T. A. pp. (14)2: 4-13 Browning. T. and what to evaluate of interaction technology: a review and proposed integration”. R. (19)4: 425-458 Ford. H. there are many specific leadership initiatives. As we have reviewed here. Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Management Development Dace.Prof Ankita Asthana The Bottom Line Creativity and innovation are not mysterious forces over which leaders have no control.A.html Egydei.net/~bmassey/PiedPiper. validated by the success of certain high-tech companies. 101-149 Lynch. J. “Method: measurement. J. R. G. “Extending Wittgenstein: The Pivotal Move from Epistemology to the Sociology of Science”. A. Button ed. pp. M. (24)3: 12-17 Kelley. W. 1983. pp. 82-96 Hewett. M.: University of California Sharrock. M. T. London: Routledge. T. R.S. Social Innovation and the Division of Labour.Prof Ankita Asthana Gershuny. and Bijker. America’s Leading Design Firm. and Anderson. Namur: University of Namur. Shedroff. Eng.: Ashgate Publishing Limited Lieshout. “Information Interaction Design: A Unified Field Theory of Design”. Social Learning regarding Multimedia Developments at a Local Level: The Case of Digital Cities. The Ethnomethodologists. Eng. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Shapiro.A. 2001. 2001. Pickering ed. M. Images of organization.D. Cambridge. Hampshire. Oxford: Oxford University Press Haddon.: Cambridge University Press Morgan. M.. New York: Doubleday Lieshout. D. 215-265 Lynch. 1999. van Bastelaer and C. 1986.F. Silverstone R. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lobet-Maris eds.: Sage Publications OECD. pp. 1986. W. 1998. M.: Cambridge University Press Lynch. 1982. “New product winners and losers”. California: C.E. 1993.M.ordinary and scientific measurement as ethnomethodological phenomena”. L. and Hirsh. E.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Eng. Thousand Oaks. C. “Analytical portraits of home computer users: the negotiation of innovation” Ph. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 30 . Ethnomethodology and the Human Sciences. 1999. thesis. Egyedi. “The digital city of Amsterdam: between public domain and private enterprise” B. pp. Consuming Technologies: Media and Information in Domestic spaces. eds. 196-214 Hopkins. London: Tavistock. D. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.A. T. Research Management. and Littman. Science as practice and culture. and Monk. Cambridge. T. G. A. 1992. Innovation in Small and Medium Firms. 1992. N. Scientific practice and ordinary action: Ethnomethodology and social studies of science. 1991. Harrison. “The role of iterative evaluation in designing systems for usability”. eds. “Explaining IT Consumption: The case of the home computer”. 1997. 1981. People and Computers: Designing for Usability. Social Learning Technologies: The introduction of multimedia in education. The Art of Innovation: Lessons in Creativity from IDEO. (25)6: 865-901 Woolgar. The Mind’s Best Work (Cambridge. H. and Stewart.designmgt.. Margaret Bruce. 1996. 1–30. 2000. 1964). Pelz and Andrews. technology. “Chaos or Chorus”. R. London. Edinburgh. Scientists in Organizations: Productive Climates for Research and Development (Ann Arbor. E. Donald C. R. Scot. 6. Design Management Journal. 1991. pp.org/dmi/html/publications/journal/journal_d. “The social shaping of technology”. Andrews. Information Design. Cambridge. M. Empowerment. Slack. 1976).jsp: (7)1 (Winter) Weisbord. Research Policy. Arieti. G. Robin Roy. “Configuring the user – the case of usability trials”. 2000.designmgt. J. EC Targeted Socio-Economic Research Project: 4141 PL 951003.: University of Michigan. 87-112 Schrage. Social Learning in Multimedia: Final Report. 3.: Research Centre for Social Sciences. D. pp. S. 1981). Perkins. 58-99. Pelz and F. Thakur Institute of Mgmt Studies & Research Created on 2/18/2016 Page 31 .: MIT Press.: Routledge and Keagan Paul. Shared Vision. J. J.. Wertheimer (New York: Atherton Press. http://www.org/dmi/html/publications/journal/: (11)3 (Summer) Walsh. and Edge. and Stephen Potter. R. 1996. Terrell. Gruber.: Harvard University Press.Prof Ankita Asthana Jacobson. Law ed.MMS-SEMESTER III Mgmt study material created/compiled by. Discovering Common Ground: How FUTURE SEARCH CONFERENCES Bring People Together to Achieve Breakthrough Innovation. M. M. S. B. Design Management Journal. Winning By Design. Mass. Chap.A. Vivian. End. and M. Creativity: The Magic Synthesis (New York: Basic Books.San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers Williams. J. http://www. and domination. A Sociology of monsters – Essays on power. 1992. N. The University of Edinburgh Williams. S. Mich. “Serious Play: The Future of Prototyping and Prototyping the Future”. 1992. M. ed. Bruner in Contemporary Approaches to Creative Thinking. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Waters. 1976). ed. D. and Collaborative Action.