COUGH Essentials of diagnosis: Dry cough: pleural disorders ,intertial lung disease ,mediastinal lesions Productive cough: Suppurativelung disease,chronic bronchitis,pulmonary TB Short cough: It is seen only in upper respiratory infections. Brassy cough: Cough with metallic sound produced by compression of the trachea by intrathrosic space occupying lesions Bovine cough: Cough with loss of its explosive nature ,e.g tumours,pressing on recurrent laryngeal nerve Prolonged and paroxysmal: It is present in chronic bronchitis and whooping cough Barking cough: It is found in epiglottal involvement as well as in hysterical, and nervous individuals INVESTIGATIONS: Treatment : Internal medicine: Chooranam: Thothuvalai chooranam -3 gm with honey after food Mathirai: Athimathura mathirai -2-0-2 after food toes. In small children the palms and soles can be involved with pustule formation .the face and scalp are never involved except in the case of infants. External medicine : Virechnam : Kadukai leghyam – 20 gm wth hot water for purgation Murukkan vithai mathirai-2 with hot water Taking bath with mixture of pancha kalpa kulial choornam mixed with butter milk .usually found on the edges of the fingers. Investigation: Treatment : Internal medicine : Kudineer: Parangipattai kudineer – 60 ml bid before food Mathirai : Kandhga mathirai – 2-0-2 after food . Extraction of the mite using a blunt needle can be difficult but is helpful in ensuring the correct diagnosis. or sides of the hand and feet .Parpam: Pavala parpam – 100mg with honey tds If not cure give poorna Chandrathoyam SCABIES Essentials of diagnosis: Identifying the scabietic burrow . The clinical features include secondary eczematisation elsewhere in the body .the main symptoms is itch . Masikai oil-external application IMPETIGO CONTAGIOSUM .involvement of the genital area in boys is pathognomic. Essentials of diagnosis: Non bullous impetigo can be caused by staphylococcus or streptococcus or combination of two The initial lesion is a thin – walled vesicles which ruptured rapidly with the formation of golden crust on an erythematous base .bullae develop and last for 2-3 days .initially clear and then becoming cloudy . Treatment : Internal medicine : Kudineer : Parangipattai kudineer -60 ml bid before food Choornam: Nanchu murivu choornam – 1 tsp with honey tds after food Melugu : Rasagandhi melugu -50 mg bid with jaggery Lehyam: Nannari lehyam -5gm bd after food External medicine : Masikai oil (70%)+pungan oil (30%)-apply externally Thiripala powder –for wash VESICULO BULLOUS LESION Essentials of diagnosis : Inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes that is caused by herpes virus and characterized by collections of small blisters .the sites usually affected are the face and the limbs Bullous impetigo is primarily caused by staphylococcus and most occur in the children . . type 1 cause the cold sore . There are two types of herpes simplex virus .ussually around the lips .type 2 mainly associated with with genital herpes and is sexually transmitted . . Investigation : PCR CSF PCR Treatment: Internal medicine : Kudineer: Pithasura kudineer -60ml bid before food Mathirai: Athimathura mathirai -2-0-2 after food Choornam : Nanari choornam -1 tsp with honey after food Parpam : Pavala parpam -50 mg with honey after food External use: Virechanam : Pavala panjangula thailam After recovery: Manikka ghirtham Nellikai ghirtham HERPETIC NEURALGIA Essentials of diagnosis: Pain present in the root of the affected nerve and ganglionic distribution . which causes intense itching . Three types are : Head lice – pediculosis capitis Body lice –pediculosis corporis Pupic lice Treatment: Internal medicine : Mathirai : Murukkan vithai mathirai –bid after food Melugu : Rasagandhi melugu – 50 mg with jagrry Lehyam: .continued scratching by the patient may result in secondary bacterial infection of the skin .Investigation: Treatment : Internal medicine : Kudineer : Amukkara pal kashayam -60 ml bd before Parpam: Pavala parpam -50 mg with honey Chittramotti madakku thailam -10 ml at night after food with milk External use: Thailam: Sivappu kukil thailam PEDICULOSIS Essentials of diagnosis : An infestation with lice . Kukil vallathi lehyam -5 gm bid with milk External medicine : Thailam : Oomathai thailam .koestam .slowing of pulses . elathi kairem – apply for head Juice of datura apply to the head for 10 minutes HYPOTHYROIDISM Essentials to diagnosis: Subnormal activity of the thyroid gland .and coarsening of the skin (myxoedema ).weight gain . In adult life it causes mental and physical slowing . Treatment : Internal medicine : Kudineer : Mavilinga kudineer -60 ml bid before food Saaranai kudineeer Or Dhrakshadhi kudineer -60 ml bid before food Elathi .mandurathi kudineer Mantharai guggulu Manathakkali leaves -1tsp bid )/day Choornam : Seenthil choornam Lehyam : Narasimma legyam or sadhaveri legyam or thathukalpa lehyam or vallathi lehyam or venpoosani lehyam OSTEOPOROSIS Essentials of diagnosis: .if present at birth and untreated it leads to cretinism .unduesensitivity to cold . surgical drainage and curettage are often required .and redness over the involved bone .infection injury and synovitis can cause localized osteoporosis of adjacent bone .this is severe pain .accompanied by general illness and high fever .tenderness .5gm with honey after food Lehyam: Nannari lehyam – 1tsp with milk after food bd Venpoosan lehyam – 1 tsp with milk after food bd Vallarai lehyam – 1tsp with milk after food bd External: Oil: Masikai thailam – external application Sarakondarai thailam –external application Kulir thamarai thailam – external application If headache associated with indigestion . Migraine Internal medicine : kudineer : Pitha sura kudineer – 60 ml before food morning and night Nilaveembu udineer – 60 ml before food morning and night Choornam: Amrtha sanjeevi choornam – 5 gm with honey Sirunga perathi choornam – 5 gm with honey Amuara choornam.Loss of bony tissue . chronic osteo myelitis may develop from partially treated acute osteomyelitis or after open fractures or surgery during which is the bone is contaminated . a diet with adequate calcium .and hormone replacement therpy are preventative and biphosphonates can be used to reduce or halve further bone loss.treatment by antibiotics .exercise .osteoporosis can be detected byquantitative digital radiography and by dexa scans . OSTEOMYELITIS Essentials of diagnosis: Inflammation of the bone due to infection .and in women often follows the menopause .tuberculosis is an cause fracture and deformity of the bone .generalized osteoporosis is common in the elderly .resulting in bones that are brittle and liable to fracture .acute osteomyelitis occurs when bacteria enter the bone via blood stream and more common in children .it is also afeature of cushing ‘s syndrome and prolonged steroid therapy. external application Carpal tunnel syndrome Internal medicine : Chendhuram : Lehyam: Oil: Pala aswagandha lakshathi thailam – 5ml at bed time Poondu lehyam – 1tsp with mik morning and night Chanda marutha chendhuram – 50 mg with honey after food Mavilinga pattai kudineer – 60 ml before food morning and night . STYE Internal medicine : Kudineer : Nilaveembu kudineer – 60 ml before food morning and night Madhumega kudineer – 60ml before food morning and nght Vilvam kudineer -60 ml before food morning and night Seenthil kudineer – 60 ml before food morning and night Choornam : Amirtha sanjeevi choornam – 5gm with honey morning and night after food Nanchu murivu choornam.5gm with honey morning and night after food Lehyam: Kadukai lehyam – 10 gm with hot water at bed time Oil: Kumara thailam – 5ml after food at bedtime Tennis elbow Internal medicine : Kudineer : Seenthil pal kashayam – 60ml morning and night before food Mathirai : Karuppu Vishnu chakkara mathirai – 1-0-1 with hot water after food External : Vida musti thailam.Inji lehyam -5gm with milk bd should be given . 60ml before food morning and night Manapagu: Nannari manapagu – 10ml after food morning and night Mezhugu : Idi vallathi mezhugu capsules – 1-0-1 after food with jaggery Lehyam: Kadukai lehyam – 1tsp with hot water at bedtime for purgation once in 5 days .External medicine : Oil: Otradam Nasiyam: Chukku thailam – 2 drops each nostrils Pala aswagandha lakshathi – 2drops each nostrils Acute wrist drop Choornam: Amukkara choornam .5gm with milk morning and night after food Navarakizhi Vasavu oil – for external application Mathirai : Shya kulanthaga rasam – 1-0-1 with hot water afterfood External medicine : Oil: Vasavu oil – external application Masha thailam – external application Advice : Bandage Palmar psoriasis Kudineer : Pitha sura kudineer – 60ml before food morning and night Parangipattai kudineer. External medicine: Oil: Vetpalai thailam –external application Wax in ear Internal medicine : Serangkottai nei -5ml with milk after foodmorning and night External medicine : Oil: Chukku thailam –for external application Pugai : Kukil smoke – to show the ear Non – hodgskin lymphoma Kudineer : Mandurathi kudineer -60ml morning and night before food Seenthil kudineer – 60ml morning and night before food Parpam: Pavala parpam – 1gm with honey after food Rasayanam: Sarvanga rasayanam – 5mg with milk after food Drakshathi rasayanam -5 gm with milk after food Thippili rasayanam – 5gm with milk after food Meniere ‘s disese Internal : Choornam: Musumusukai choornam – 5gm with honey morning and night after food Lehyam: Inji lehyam – 1tsp with milk morning and night after food Matirai : Gnana valli mathirai – 2-0-2 after food with hot water Carpal tunnel syndrome Kudineer : Siru thaekku kudineer – 60 ml morning and night before food Mathirai : Kasthuri kuligai – 1-0-1 with kudineer morning and night Gorosanai mathirai -1-0-1 with kudineer morning and night Vasantha kusumaharram -1-0-1 with kudineer morning and night Nei : . l with milk at bed time .Bhirami nei – 5m.