AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 1 of 10RESUME OF Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, ST, MT Jl. Jalan Raya Bojong Soang Komp. Griya Bandung Asri (GBA I) Blok K No. 26 Bandung-West Java 40258 phone: +628122402226 e-mail :
[email protected],
[email protected] (alt) 1. FORMAL EDUCATION University/Institute : Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) Major : Ocean Engineering Program, Civil Engineering Department Year of Graduation : 2004 Title : Bachelor of Engineering University/Institute : Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) Major : Ocean Engineering Graduate Program, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Year of Graduation : Graduate in 24th October 2009 Title : Master of Engineering 2. RESEARCH INTEREST Marine renewable energy ; Renewable Energy- Tidal Current Energy Conversion, Wave Energy Conversion, Offshore Wind Energy Conversion Coastal Process ; Wave, Current, Wave Current Interaction, Sediment, Thermal Dispersions Hydrodynamics ; Fluid-Structure Interaction, Floating Bodies, Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) 3. PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Strong organizational and planning skills Ability to work independently or as part of a team Proven communication skills (language : Indonesian, English with fluent both written and spoken ) Computer skills • Microsoft Office Software: (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) • Programming: Matlab, Fortran • Ocean Modeling Software: SMS (Surface Water Modeling Software)-All Module (RMA2, CGWAVE, M2D, STWAVE, Adcirc, etc), Genesis (Generalized Shoreline Change Software), CEDAS • Offshore and Structure: SACS, SAP (Structure Analyze Program), ETABS. • Other Water Recourses Model: Epanet (software for pipeline design of raw water supply), HEC RAS, HEC HMS • Other Engineering Software: AutoCAD, MathCad, Mapinfo (GIS Software), Sketchup • Other Software : Adobe Photoshop, Corel Draw CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 2 of 10 4. WORK EXPERIENCES Year : 2011-Present Employer : Bandung Institute Technology Position : Lecturer Detail : Junior lecturer in Ocean Engineering Program (CPNS) Year : 2008-2011 Employer : Bandung Institute Technology Position : Academic Assistant Detail : As Assistant in Academic and Research activity of Ocean Engineering Program Year : 2005-2006 Employer : Sapta Adhi Pratama Engineering Consultant Position : Engineer Year : 2004 Employer : Sapta Adhi Pratama Engineering Consultant Position : Assistant Engineer Year : 2003 Employer : Bandung Institute of Technology Position : Laboratory Assistant Detail : Technical Drawing Studio Laboratory 5. PUBLICATIONS 2011 Mukhtasor, Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus “Ocean Energy in Indonesia: Policy, Technology, Market and Institutional Development”. World Renewable Energy Congress (WREC), 5 th -17 th Oct 2011, Bali. 2011 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, Hernawan Mahfudz, Dhemi Harland, Ahmad Syafii Maarif “Water system condition modeling due to Reclamation in Upland of Jakarta”. Himpunan Ahli Teknik Hidraulik Indonesia (HATHI) International Conference on Water Related , 15 th -17 th July 2011, Jakarta 2009 Hernawan Mahfudz, Dhemi Harland, Meutia Sistarani, Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, “Analisa Hidrolika Penggunaan Pintu Air Pada Proyek Reklamasi Pantai Utara DKI Jakarta dengan Perangkat Lunak SMS 8.1”. Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Vol. 18, No. 3. December 2009, ISSN 0853-2982 2009 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus and Hendra Achiari, “Comparative Studi of Numerical Model Application of Shoreline Change in Sandy Head Land Type Coast at Matras Beach, Bangka Belitung, Indonesia”. Journal Infrastructure and Built Environment, Volume IV No. 2, December 2009 2009 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, “Cross flow Type Tidal Current Turbine Development for Indonesian Seas”, Graduates Thesis Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environment Engineering, Institute Technology Bandung. (In Bahasa Indonesia). 2008 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, “Student Movement; should it anarchy?” article of Media Indonesia (National Newspaper in Bahasa Indonesia) 2005 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, Kartika, Agung Triharjo, “Implementation Open source software for flood model in Indonesia”, Open source competition, CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 3 of 10 Ministry of research and technology, Republic of Indonesia (In Bahasa Indonesia) 2004 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, “Design of International Passengers Ferry Terminal Jodoh, Batu Ampar, Batam“, Undergraduates Thesis Ocean Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Institute Technology Bandung. (In Bahasa Indonesia). 2003 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, Hokkop Tua Immanuel, Tofa Sibarani, “Training for Trainer Modul”, Training for Trainer of Civil Engineering Student Union (TFT- HMS ITB) 2003. (In Bahasa Indonesia). 2003 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, Rony Aditya S, “Analysis Project of Dock Constructions and Reclamation for Containers Park Area of Tanjung Emas Port”, Report of Construction Project in Tanjung Emas Port. (In Bahasa Indonesia). 2001 Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, Jerrias Eko Satrio, “Construction Method of Batu Ampar Port, Batam”. (In Bahasa Indonesia) 6. ENGINEERING PROJECT AND RESEARCH EXPERIENCES YEAR OF 2011 1. RESEARCH ON DEVELOPMENT TIDAL TURBINE IN INDONESIAN WATER Source of Funding : Marine affair and Fisheries Research Center, Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affair and Fisheries Position : Expert Source J ob Description : Design and develop Prototype 2. STUDY, INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN OF TEMAJ O PORT Project Term : Mei 2011 – September 2011 (5 Month) Project Location : Temajo, West Kalimantan Provence- Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Communication Employer : PT. Sasana Patria Agranusa Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 5 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, met ocean data analysis, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling and sedimentation and Deck Design 3. STUDY, INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN OF NAVIGATION CHANNEL IN PALOH Project Term : J uly 2011 –November 2011 (5 Month) Project Location : Temajo, West Kalimantan Provence- Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Communication Employer : PT. Raya Surverindo Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 5 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, met ocean data analysis, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling and sedimentation and Dredging Plan YEAR OF 2010 4. RESEARCH ON TI DAL TURBINE I N I NDONESI AN WATER Source of Funding : Marine affair and Fisheries Research Center, Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affair and Fisheries Position : Ocean Engineer CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 4 of 10 J ob Description : Conduct Laboratory testing and reporting 5. SITE INVESTIGATION OF LOMBOK COAL FI RED POWERPLANT (2X25 MW) Project Term : April 2010 – J une 2010 (3 Month) Project Location : Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Provence- Indonesia Project Owner : PLN J asa Enjiniring Employer : PT. Kwarsa Hexagon Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 3 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, met ocean data analysis (Storm Surge and Wave Set up), hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling and thermal dispersion model 6. HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL AND DETAIL ENGINEERING DESI GN OF BANGKA RECLAMATION Project Term : Maret 2010 – May 2010 (3 Month) Project Location : Bangka- Indonesia Project Owner : Government of Bangka Belitung Province, Public Work Unit Employer : PT. Zharsys Amanah Mandiri Position : Ocean Engineer/Modeler Length of Assignment : 1 Month J ob Description : Hydrodynamics Modeling of Bangka Waters according to scenario of Reclamation Plan in Batu Rusa. YEAR OF 2009 7. DETAIL DESI GN OF SEMANGKA BAY SHORE PROTECTION Project Term : April 2009 – Octber 2009 (7 Month) Project Location : Kota Agung, Lampung Provence- Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, Way Seputih and Way Semangka Planning Unit Employer : PT. Intimulya Engineering Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 7 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling of Semangka Bay, and Designing coastal protection structure of Semangka Bay Shoreline. 8. SURVEY INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN OF CAPE MODONG SHORE PROTECTION Project Term : March 2009 – November 2009 (7 Month) Project Location : Belitung, Bangka Belitung Provence- Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, Bangka Belitung Planning Unit Employer : PT. Purnatama Geosintek Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 7 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling of Cape Modong, and Designing coastal protection structure of Cape Modong Shoreline. 9. HYDRODYNAMIC STUDY OF KAPUK NIAGA INDAH RECLAMATI ON PROJ ECT EFFECTS Project Term : February 2009 – March 2009 (1 Month) Project Location : J akarta- Indonesia Project Owner : Government of J akarta Province, Public Work Unit Employer : PT. Lapi Ganeshatama Position : Ocean Engineer CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 5 of 10 Length of Assignment : 1 Month J ob Description : Hydrodynamics Modeling the J akarta Bay according to scenario of Kapuk Niaga Indah Reclamation Plan. YEAR OF 2008 10. REVIEW STUDY OF MATRAS BEACH SHORE PROTECTION Project Term : J uly 2008 – November 2008 (5 Month) Project Location : Bangka, Bangka-Belitung - Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, Flood Control And Coastal Protection of Bangka Belitung Unit Employer : PT. Sapta Adhi Pratama Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 5 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling of Matras Beach, and reviewing existing Matras Beach Shore Protection 11. STUDY COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT AND PLANNI NG OF MENTAWAI ISLAND Project Term : August 2008 – December 2008 (5 Month) Project Location : Mentawai Island, West Sumatra- Indonesia Project Owner : Government of Mentawai Island Region, Region Urban Planning Bodies (Bapeda). Employer : PT. Sapta Adhi Pratama Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 5 Month J ob Description : Ocean and Coastal Hydrodynamics Studies and Development Planning 12. FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ROTE NDAO OIL AND GAS DEPO PORT IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA Project Term : April 2008 – October 2008 (7 Month) Project Location : Rote Island, East Nusa Tenggara- Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Rote Ndao Government and Pertamina. Employer : PT. Lapi Ganesathama Position : Port Engineer Length of Assignment : 5 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling of Rote Ndao Ocean, and designing deck facilities of Rote Ndao Port YEAR OF 2007 1. DETAIL ENGINEERING DESIGN OF MUARA SABAK PORT IN J AMBI Project Term : J une 2007 – November 2007 (7 Month) Project Location : Muara Sabak regency, J ambi - Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Communication, Directorate General of Sea Communication - Government of J ambi Province, Department of communication Employer : PT. Maxitech Utama Indonesia Position : Port Engineer Length of Assignment : 5 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling of Batang Hari river stream, and designing deck facilities of Muara Sabak Port 2. DETAIL ENGINEERING DESIGN OF TALAUD FISHERY PORT AND MASTERPLAN OF DAGHOE FISHERY PORT Project Term : August 2007 – December 2007 (5 Month) Project Location : Talaud Archipelagos Region, North Celebes - Indonesia CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 6 of 10 Project Owner : Ministry of Marine And Fishery Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Fishing - Government of North Celebes, Department of Marine and Fishery Employer : PT. J asakons Putra Utama Position : Port Engineer Length of Assignment : 4 Month J ob Description : Tidal surveys, tidal forecasting, and designing deck facilities of Talaud and Daghoe Fishery port YEAR OF 2006 1. SURVEY, INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN BATU BETUMPANG COASTAL PROTECTION Project Term : May 2006 – October 2006 (6 Month) Project Location : South Bangka Region, Bangka Belitung - Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, Flood Control and Coastal Protection of Bangka Belitung Unit (SNVT PBPP Bangka Belitung) Employer : PT. Sapta Adhi Paratama Position : Coastal Engineer Length of Assignment : 4 Month J ob Description : Coastal processes and aberrations identification between Way Seputih and Way Sekampung coastline, Hydro-oceanographic surveys, Hydro- oceanographic data analysis such as wave hindcasting, tidal forecasting, modeling and analyzing wave transformations. 2. INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN WAY SEPUTIH - WAY SEKAMPUNG COASTAL PROTECTION Project Term : May 2006 – November 2006 (6 Month) Project Location : West Lampung Regent, Lampung - Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, Flood Control And Coastal Protection of Way Seputih - Way Sekampung Agency (SNVT PBPP) Employer : PT. Lapi Ganesathama (joint operation with Sapta Adhi Pratama) Position : Coastal Engineer Length of Assignment : 4 Month J ob Description : Coastal processes and aberrations identification between Way Seputih and Way Sekampung coastline, Hydro-oceanographic surveys, Hydro- oceanographic data analysis such as wave hindcasting, tidal forecasting, modeling and analyzing wave transformations. 3. FEASIBILTY STUDY AND MASTERPLAN OF BELINYU BAY FISHERY PORT IN BATU BETUMPANG DISTRICT, BANGKA REGION Project Term : August 2006 – December 2006 (4 Month) Project Location : Belinyu Bay, Bangka Belitung - Indonesia Project Owner : Ministry of Marine and Fishery Republic of Indonesia and Government of Bangka Belitung Province, Department of Marine and Fishery Employer : PT. Suwanda Karya Mandiri (joint operation with Sapta Adhi Pratama) Position : Ocean Engineer Length of Assignment : 3 Month J ob Description : Hydro-oceanographic surveys, Hydro-oceanographic data analysis such as wave hindcasting, tidal forecasting, modeling and analyzing wave transformations. CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 7 of 10 YEAR OF 2005 1. INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN WAY SEPUTIH – WAY SEKAMPUNG RIVER NORMALIZATION IN SEPUTI H SURABAYA, BANDAR SURABAYA AND ESTUARY OF WAY SEPUTI H AREAS - CENTRAL LAMPUNG REGION Project Term : J uly 2005 – December 2005 (6 Month) Project Location : Kabupaten Lampung Tengah Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, Flood Control And Coastal Protection of Way Seputih - Way Sekampung Unit (Satker PBPP) Employer : PT. Hary Karya (joint operation with Sapta Adhi Pratama) Position : Coastal Engineer Length of assignment : 4 Month J ob description : Identifications, surveying and data collecting of Way Seputih Flood, Tidal Forecasting and Analyzing Tidal Impact for back water in Way Seputih Flood discharge. 2. MASTERPLAN OF RANOYAPOS WATER RESOURCES PLANNING, SOUTH MINAHASA REGION, NORTH CELEBES. Project Term : J une 2005 – November 2005 (5 Month) Project Location : South Minahasa Region, North Celebes Province Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, North Celebes Water Resources Development (SatKer Sementara PPSA Sulawesi Utara) Employer : PT. Sapta Adhi Pratama Length of Assignment : 4 Month Position : Ocean engineer J ob description : Identification and Data Collecting of Coastline Destruction, aberration and sedimentation in coastline of Ranoyapo’s river area, Hydro- oceanographic Analysis. YEAR OF 2004 1. DETAIL DESIGN OF PIPE LINE TRANSMITTING SYSTEM FROM SI DOREJ O-DAM INTAKE TO WATER TREATMENT PLANT, IN PURWODADI, CENTRAL J AVA Project Term : J une 2004 – November 2004 Project Location : Purwodadi – Central J ava Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, J ratunseluna Raw Water Supply Project (Proyek Induk Penyediaan Air baku J ratunseluna), Central java Employer : PT. Sapta Adhi Pratama Position : Hydraulic Engineer Assistant Length of assignment : 4 Month J ob description : Analyzing and Designing Pipe Line Transmitting System for Raw Water from intake in Sidorejo Dam to Water Treatment Plant using EPANET software. 2. SURVEY, INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN OF OLOT RIVER FLOOD CONTROL, IN BOLAANG MONGONDOUW REGI ON, NORTH CELEBES Project Term : J une 2004 – December 2004 Project Location : Bolaang Mongondouw – North Celebes Project Owner : Ministry of Public Work Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Water resources, North Celebes Flood Control and Coastal protection (SatKer Sementara PPSA Sulawesi Utara) CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 8 of 10 Employer : PT. Sapta Adhi Pratama Position : Hydraulic Engineer Assistant Length of assignment : 4 Month J ob description : Identifications, surveying and data collecting of Ollot River Flood, Tidal Forecasting and Analyzing Tidal Impact for back water in Ollot River Flood discharge, Hydraulic Analyzing of Ollot river Stream 7. COURSE, SEMINAR, TRAINING AND OTHER INFORMAL EDUCATION International Conference on Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineer (ICPCO) Organizer : Ocean Engineer Program Place : Bandung Year : December 2007 Length of course : one day International Nusantara Stratification and Transport (Instant) Training Organizer : Ministry of Marine and Fishery Place : Bogor Year : November 2007 Length of course : one week Field Trip Observation of Guna Nusa Platform Project Organizer : Ocean Engineering Program Place : Serang Year : April 2003 Length of course : one day Structure Analysis Program (SAP) Training Organizer : Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS-ITB) Place : Bandung Year : 2003 Length of course : Three Months Fixed Offshore Platform: A general overview Seminar Organizer : Totalfinaelf Professours Associes Place : Bandung Year : 2002 Length of course : one day Field Trip Observation of Tanjung Priok Port - Repsol Maxus YPF Offshore Field – Guna Nusa Fabricator – Merak port Organizer : Ocean Engineering Student Union Place : Jakarta – Pabelokan Island – Serang Year : July 2001 Length of course : a week Leadership and organization Training Organizer : Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS-ITB) Place : Bandung Year : 2001 Length of course : Two Days Training for trainer Organizer : Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS-ITB) Place : Bandung Year : 2000 Length of course : Two Days CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 9 of 10 8. ORGANIZATION ACTIVITY 2009 – present Member of Indonesian Ocean Energy Association (INOCEAN) 2009 - present Chairman of Ocean Engineering and Maritime Affair in Young Engineer Forum-Forum Anggota Muda (FAM), Indonesian Engineer Union - Persatuan Insinyur Indonsesia (PII) 2008 - 2009 Chairman of Student Ocean Engineering Graduate Student Organization, Bandung Institute of Technology 2003 - 2004 Founders and Chairman of Student Cultural Movement (Student and Villager Movement), Bandung Institute of Technology 2002 - 2003 External Department Officer of Student Community Council (Student Council Board), Bandung Institute of Technology 2001 – 2002 Senator of Student Councils Congress (Civil Engineering Student Union District), Bandung Institute of Technology 2001 – 2002 Board of Member Representative, Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS-ITB), Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) 2000 – 2001 External Affairs Division of Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS-ITB), Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) 9. COMMITTEE EXPERIENCES July 2009 Chairman of Committee and Team Leader of Ocean Engineering Graduate Student Field Trip to Chine and Singapore, “Bridging ITB and Asian University of Research and Academic Collaboration”, China and Singapore 2004 Steering Committee, ITB Fair 2004, Student Council Cabinets (KM-ITB), Bandung Institute of Technology 2003 Chairman of Committee, Training For Trainer of Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS-ITB) 2003, Bandung Institute of Technology 2002 Chairman of student orientation (OSKM ITB), Bandung Institute of Technology 2002 Indonesia Ocean Expo 2002, Chief of Exhibition, Ocean Engineering Student Community, Ocean Engineering Program, Bandung Institute of Technology 2000 Indonesia Ocean Expo 2000, Committee of Exhibition, Ocean Engineering Student Community, Ocean Engineering Program, Bandung Institute of Technology 2000 TPB Fair 2000, Committee of Exhibition, Student Council Cabinets (KM-ITB), Bandung Institute of Technology 10. OTHER ACTIVITIES Dec-09 Moderator in Oceanovolution Offshore Technology Seminar “Indonesian Deepwater Technology “, Bandung Institute of Technology. Dec-09 Moderator in Teaching Grant Seminar, Bandung Institute of Technology. CURRÍ CULUM VITAE AHMAD MUKHLIS FIRDAUS Page 10 of 10 2008 Moderator in Indonesia Ocean Expo Seminar “The Latest Offshore Technology “, Bandung Institute of Technology. April-05 Invited Speaker in Leadership and Organization Training of Civil Engineering Student Union, Purwakarta 2005-2007 Volunteer for handicapped children in AMANDA (NGO for handicapped children rehabilitation), Bandung 2005 Instructor in Training for Trainer of Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS- ITB) 2005, Bandung Institute of Technology January-04 Invited Speaker in Industry Engineering Student Union Members Training, Bandung Institute of Technology 2004 Instructor in Leadership Training of North Sumatran Culture Club (UKSU- ITB), Bandung Institute of Technology 2004 Instructor in Training For Trainer Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS ITB) 2004, Bandung Institute of Technology Aug-03 Invited Speaker in Studium General of Medical Student Union Members Training, Padjadjaran University, Bandung Aug-02 Instructor in Training for Trainer of Civil Engineering Student Union (HMS- ITB) 2002, Bandung Institute of Technology Sept-93 Indonesian Eagle Scout Contingent, Singapore – Malaysia 11. REFERENCES Dr. Ir. Muslim Muin, MSOE. (Chairman of Ocean Engineering Research Group). E-mail :
[email protected] Phone : 022-2509117 Dr. Ir. Irsan Soemantri Brodjo Negoro, MSc. (Head of Ocean Engineering Master Program). E-mail :
[email protected] Phone : 022-2509117 Krisnaldi Idris, PhD. (Supervisor of Master Thesis/Vice Dean of Human Resources and Organization of Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering (FCEE)). E-mail :
[email protected] Phone : 022-2509117 I declare the details stated to be true and complete Yours Sincerely, Ahmad Mukhlis Firdaus, ST, MT