Global Research & Technology Centre/ GRTC Training DepartmentCompletion & Reservoir Drill –In Fluids SCOMI OILTOOLS Definition - Completion Fluid A Completion Fluid may be defined as any fluid that is used during the completion operation…after the well has been drilled and before any oil and/or gas has been produced from the formation. SCOMI OILTOOLS 1 Definition - Workover Fluid A Workover Fluid may be defined as a fluid that is used during remedial or workover operations after a well has produced oil and/or gas. It can be the same fluid as the completion fluid. SCOMI OILTOOLS Why Use Brines MINIMIZE FORMATION DAMAGE!! SCOMI OILTOOLS 2 Performance Criteria • • • • • • • • control formation pressures circulate and transport solids protect the productive zone stable at surface and downhole safely handled environmentally friendly readily available cost effective SCOMI OILTOOLS TYPES OF COMPLETION AND WORKOVER FLUIDS SCOMI OILTOOLS 3 COMMON DENSITIES SINGLE SALT SOLUTIONS • AMMONIUM CHLORIDE • POTASSIUM CHLORIDE • SODIUM CHLORIDE • CALCIUM CHLORIDE • SODIUM FORMATE • SODIUM BROMIDE • POTASSIUM FORMATE • CALCIUM BROMIDE • ZINC BROMIDE SCOMI OILTOOLS 8.4 - 8.9 PPG 8.4 - 9.7 PPG 8.4 - 10.0 PPG 8.4 - 11.6 PPG 8.4 - 11.1 PPG 8.4 - 12.5 PPG 8.4 - 13.1 PPG 8.4 - 14.2 PPG 19.3 - 21.0 PPG COMMON DENSITIES MULTIPLE SALT SOLUTIONS • NaCl/NaBr • NaHCO2/KHCO2 • CaCl2/CaBr2 • CaBr2/ZnBr2 • CaCl2/CaBr2/ZnBr2 10.1 - 12.4 PPG 11.2 - 13.1 PPG 11.7 - 15.1 PPG 19.2 PPG 15.2 - 19.1 PPG SCOMI OILTOOLS 4 2 PPG CaBr2/ZnBr2 SCOMI OILTOOLS “SPIKE” FLUIDS SODIUM BASED • 10.“SPIKE” FLUIDS CALCIUM BASED • 11.5 PPG NaBr SCOMI OILTOOLS 5 .0 PPG NaCl • 12.1 PPG CaCl2/CaBr2 • 19.6 PPG CaCl2 • 14.2 PPG CaBr2 • 15. pH paper is OK.COMPLETION AND WORKOVER FLUIDS PROPERTIES AND TESTING SCOMI OILTOOLS Properties • Density • TCT • pH • Solids Content • Turbidity • Viscosity determined by a hydrometer.a meter is better. Marsh funnel... determined by an NTU meter. True Crystallization Temperature. SCOMI OILTOOLS 6 . determined by centrifuging. Density To check for brine density use: Hydrometer If you do not know the approximate density of the fluid you are weighing…use a mud balance to get you in the ballpark. SCOMI OILTOOLS 7 . Note: SCOMI OILTOOLS Density Can be adjusted by adding • water • “Spike” Fluids • Dry salts NOTE: adjusting the density usually adjusts the TCT of the fluid…unless the salt concentrations are balanced as a part of the density adjustment. • The crystallization temperature of the a brine is defined as the temperature at which a solid will form and precipitate out of solution. This situation must be taken into account to avoid crystallized fluid in the riser even though the surface conditions may be sunny and warm and the BHT is high. SCOMI OILTOOLS 8 . SCOMI OILTOOLS Crystallization Temperature For example: • A completion fluid standing static in the riser of a deepwater well may reach the thermal equilibrium with the water at the sea floor or mud line.Crystallization Temperature • Each salt has a maximum solubility in water before it will precipitate out of solution. • Operations utilizing completion fluids must account for the crystallization temperature by recognizing the coolest temperature to which the bulk of the brine will be exposed for any significant period of time. This maximum solubility is a function of the temperature of the water. 0 4.5 6.5 to 7.0 ppg CaCl2/CaBr2 • 16.6 ppg Calcium Chloride • 14.2 ppg Calcium Bromide • 15.0 ppg CaCl2/CaBr2/ZnBr2 Typical pH 6.5 to 5.Solids Content Solids Content Determined by Centrifuging SCOMI OILTOOLS pH • Salt • 11.0 to 7.0 SCOMI OILTOOLS 9 .5 to 7.5 6. 5 to 2.0 1. SCOMI OILTOOLS Turbidity • Turbidity is a function of the cleanliness of the fluid. filtering the fluid through cartridges. through a DE filter press.0 2. the lower the pH will be. This is accomplished by allowing the solids to settle out or float. • The NTU value is lowered by cleaning the fluid.5 to 3. air etc. or all of the above.0 ppg CaCl2/CaBr2/ZnBr2 • 19.pH • Salt • 17.0 <1. the turbidity will be high. undissolved salt.0 ppg CaCl2/CaBr2/ZnBr2 • 18. SCOMI OILTOOLS 10 .0 ppg CaCl2/CaBr2/ZnBr2 • 19. If the fluid contains drilling mud solids.5 to 4..2 ppg CaBr2/ZnBr2 Typical pH 3. pipe scale.5 • The more Zinc Bromide that you have in a fluid. lb Sf = salt of final. ppg Wo = water of original. ppg Df = density of final. bbl Vf = Final volume of brine.Turbidity Meter (NTU Readings) NTU Meter Calibration Sample Sample Bottle SCOMI OILTOOLS Density Control INCREASE THE DENSITY OF A SINGLE SALT FLUID Salt Required (lbs) = Vo WoSf --------Wf .So Final Volume (bbl) VoWo = ------------Wf • • • • • • • • Do = density of original. bbl/bbl brine Wf = water of final. bbl/bbl brine So = salt of original. lb Vo = original volume of brine. bbl SCOMI OILTOOLS 11 . • A fluid that sold for $125.Wo Cf Vf = Final Volume .00/bbl.00/bbl would have an ending value of $93. Wa = Water added = Vo CoWf --------- Cf Ba = Bromide Salt added = Vo VoCo = --------Cf CoBf --------- .00/bbl initially and had a reclamation cost of $7.Density Control • INCREASE DENSITY OF A TWO SALT FLUID WITH DRY CALCIUM BROMIDE.00/bbl of reclaimed fluid.Bo SCOMI OILTOOLS Buy-Back • The typical “Buyback” for completion fluids with a density above 11.6 ppg is 80% of the selling price. SCOMI OILTOOLS 12 . We would give the customer credit for $93. less the cost of reclamation. • TCT’s are not a function of Mass Balancing. SCOMI OILTOOLS Salt Table SCOMI OILTOOLS 13 .Mass Balance • Fluids are said to be “Mass Balanced” when two or more fluids are blended together and the combined volume and combined density becomes the new volume and density. 6 = .5 PPG FLUID TO 13. 15.1 PPG SPIKE FLUID.808 2.1 PPG IS . MULTIPLY THE FRACTION TIMES THE DESIRED VOLUME TO FIND THE AMOUNT OF EACH FLUID.192 2.5 0.6 SCOMI OILTOOLS Typical Wellsite Filtration System Setup SCOMI OILTOOLS 14 .Mass Balance – The Easy Way • HEAVY FLUID • DESIRED FLUID • LIGHT FLUID EXAMPLE: RAISE DENSITY OF 12.6 2. THE FRACTION OF 15.6 = . FINISH WITH 600 BARRELS OF VOLUME DIVIDE DIFFERENCES BY TOTAL DIFFERENCE AND INVERT THE VALUES.1 13.5 2.0 12.1 0.0 PPG.1/2.192 BBLS AND THE FRACTION 0F 12.5/2.808 BBLS. USING 15.5 PPG IS . Filtration Unit SCOMI OILTOOLS Displacement & Wellbore CleanClean -Up SCOMI OILTOOLS 15 . This is used to dissolve any mud residue. This is designed to act as a piston displacing the existing wellbore fluid efficiently out of the hole. A Surfactant Spacer. This pill is NOT viscosified to ensure turbulent flow and is designed to prevent channeling and lift residual solids from the hole. A Solvent Wash. It is best pumped in laminar flow to push the wellbore fluid up the annulus. SCOMI OILTOOLS 16 . if the rig pit system allows: A Viscosified Surfactant Spacer. A Yield Point of 40 – 50 lbs/100 ft2 is recommended. It would be good practice to follow the program of clean-up pills as listed below. pipe dope or minor scale on metal surfaces.Displacement Method Drilling mud Displacement spacers Displace with water Forward SCOMI OILTOOLS Reverse Indirect WELL CLEAN-UP DESIGN Suggested Standard Procedure. This non-viscosified pill is best pumped in turbulent flow. DISPLACEMENT & HYDRAULICS SOFTWARE SCOMI OILTOOLS Hydraulics Software SCOMI OILTOOLS 17 . 5 lb/gal CaCl2 HEC used in all brines and densities • XC and HEC can be used in combination in up to 11. HEC grabs • Xanthan used in brine < 10. HEC • Xanthan has superior suspension and transport properties • Xanthan slips at the wall.4 lb/gal CaCl2 brine SCOMI OILTOOLS 18 .Clean-Up Tool • Scrapers • Brushes • Magnets • Debris Management Tools • Jetting Subs • Circulating Tools • Pipe Rotation SCOMI OILTOOLS Xanthan vs. Suspension in HEC and XC XANTHAN-GUM 2 lbs/bbl HEC 4 lbs/bbl SCOMI OILTOOLS Velocity Profiles HEC Slip area Xanthan Area of high friction drag SCOMI OILTOOLS 19 . 2 ppg SBM After 3 Minutes Rating 2 After 5 Minutes Rating 2 After 8 Minutes Rating 1 After 10 Minutes Rating 1 SCOMI OILTOOLS Displacement Evaluation SCOMI OILTOOLS 20 .Cleaning Spacer Design 11.2ppg Nova Plus @100rpm/ 42fpm Clean Dry Sleeve Sleeve Coated with 13.6 ppg 3% Safe Solv OM 5% Safe Surf O 0% Contamination and 13. 366 m in m in 9 5/8" section Length 7" section length 3797 m 2730 m DP in 9 5/8" csg 5. Turb. bpm 3. % v/v) Flowzan 2ppb RinseAid 30% Super Pickle 50% RinseAid 30% Contact Length ( m ) Contact Time (min) Product Usage (sack. Turb. Visc. Surfactant Lam. Turb. Lam. Turb. Turb. Turb. Lam. Turb. Turb.778 3. Turb.WELL CLEAN-UP DESIGN Casing Clean-Up Well Geometry : 9 5/8" Csg Shoe 9 5/8" Csg ID 7" Casing Shoe 7" Csg ID Pill Type Volume ( bbl ) 3797 8. Lam. Turb. RECOMMENDED Surfactant Surfactant Lam. Turb. Turb.5" DP ID DP in 7" csg 3.5 2. Lam. Turb. Solvent Un. Turb.3 gpm 157 255 336 420 504 588 854 Surfactant Lam. Turb. Lam. Lam.6 in in in in Well name : XXX Angsi C-11 Product Concentration (ppb. Turb. Turb. Turb. drum) Surfactant Pill (viscosified) Solvent Pill 80 120 80 > 1127 8 8 8 >8 Surfactant Pill Rinse Aid 14 556 888 10 10 Turbulent Turbulent 336 Sea water Brine (filtered) 1127 Brine >8 SCOMI OILTOOLS CLEAN-UP DESIGN 9 5/8" Annulus FLOW RATE Visc. Lam.5 4. Turb. Lam. Turb. Solvent Lam. Turb. Lam. Visc. Lam. Lam. 7" Annulus REMARKS SCOMI OILTOOLS 21 .5" DP ID Flow Regime Flow Rate 9-5/8" Casing Flowzan Rinse Aid Super Pickle 3 14 31 835 1332 15 15 Turbulent Turbulent 336 556 7" Casing 888 9-5/8" Casing 10 7" Casing 10 9-5/8" Casing Laminar 7" Casing Turbulent (gpm) 336 ( bpm ) 5.681 6527 6. Turb. Lam. Visc. Turb. Turb. Un.7 6 8 10 12 14 20. Turb. Turb. 75 3.25 2.9 ppg Filtered NaCl + 3% KCl Brine Filtered NaCl + 3% KCl Brine at surface 60 NTU 30 0 0: 30 1: 00 1: 30 2: 00 2: 30 3: 00 3: 30 4: 00 4: 30 5: 00 5: 30 6: 00 Time (24 hrs) SCOMI OILTOOLS NTU vs CIRC. CYCLE .75 Num ber of Surface to Surface SCOMI OILTOOLS 22 .25 1.9 ppg Filtered NaCl + 3% KCl Brine Filtered NaCl + 3% KCl Brine at surface 60 NTU 30 0 1.CHART NTU vs Number of Surface to Surface 90 Unfiltered Seawater out Displace to 8.NTU vs TIME CHART NTU vs Time 90 Unfiltered Seawater out Displace to 8.25 3.75 2. Reservoir DrillDrill-In FLuids SCOMI OILTOOLS The Difference ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Typically used to drill only the producing formation Non-damaging Low solids Does not contain clay (gel) and/or dispersants Compatible with formation Additives are soluble in typical chemical treatments e. enzymes. chelants. acid.g. oxidizers Inhibitive to formation clays Compatible with the completion SCOMI OILTOOLS 23 . The Difference Property Density Viscosity Fluid Loss Bridging Drilling Mud Barite Gel gel/polymer Barite RDIF Base fluid Bio-polymer Starch Calcium carbonate. Sized salt SCOMI OILTOOLS Why use Reservoir DrillDrill-In Fluids? To maximize production by minimizing damage to the formation and completion assembly! SCOMI OILTOOLS 24 . How do we damage the formation and/or Completion Assembly? Solids Plugging ● filtrate invasion / solids contamination ● fines migration ● Inadequate displacement Chemical Incompatibility ● clay / shale swelling ● inducing fines migration ● fluid-fluid interactions ● emulsions. precipitation (scaling) ● wettability reversal SCOMI OILTOOLS Reservoir Drilling Fluid Design Criteria Drilling Issues Density for Well Control / Wellbore Stability Rheology for Hole Cleaning & Suspension Minimum ECD Lubricity Low Fluid Loss Formation Inhibition Environmental restrictions Thermal Stability Contaminant Stability Availability SCOMI OILTOOLS 25 . Efficient removal of RDF residues/filter cake ● Clean-up without treatment? (flowback) ● Chemical breakers ● Displacement to completion fluid Compatible with procedures and equipment ● Completion tool restrictions SCOMI OILTOOLS Reservoir Drilling Fluid Design Criteria Reservoir Issues ● Compatibility with formations drilled ● Fluid Compatibility ● Expected Fluid Production (Type & Volume) ● Pore Size ● Pore Interconnectivity SCOMI OILTOOLS 26 .Reservoir Drilling Fluid Design Criteria Completion Issues Type of completion planned e. screen completion. cased hole.g. open hole. gravel pack etc. Reservoir Drilling Fluid Design Criteria 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Typically used to drill only the producing formation Engineered to maintain drill solids below target Relatively low amount of Bridging Solids Typically does not contain inert solids or gel Bridging solids are acid/chelant soluble Inhibitive to formation Clays Compatible with Formation Fluids Compatible with the completion screens Compatible with Sand Control Screen SCOMI OILTOOLS Viscosifiers ● High yielding xanthan gum or biopolymer ● Clarified / Dispersible ● Provides LSRV ● High thermal stability. ● Not affected by acids/alkalis over a wide pH range (2.0 ppb SCOMI OILTOOLS 27 .75 ppb to 2.5 to 10) Usually 0. determine primary objective and concerns. wellbore geometry. etc Completion Information completion assembly type. etc Interview Engineers .etc SCOMI OILTOOLS 28 .5 ppb SCOMI OILTOOLS Pre-Planning RDF Questionnaire . X-linked. tools. clay content. starch ● High Thermal Stability ● Synergy with xanthan and scleroglucan Usually 4 ppb to 7.Fluid Loss Control Agents ● Hydroxypropyl. etc Mineralogical Information permeability. BHP. porosity. volumes. etc Rig Information .location. BHT.solids control availability. Shale Dispersion test. Rheological Profile (LSRV).Required Information Completed Questionnaire Well Diagram Completion Design Core sample or formation data e. Hot Roll & Static Age. core flood results. Emulsion Tests. thin section. ● Use Brookfield Rheometer to determine optimum LSRV SCOMI OILTOOLS 29 . Swellmeter. etc. ● Test a variety of products and compositions.g. ● Use SOFTWARE for determining blend of bridging particles. XRD ● ● ● ● ● Established metrics/objectives SCOMI OILTOOLS Fluid Optimization ● Test and Evaluate Properties Fluid Loss (modified HTHP or PPA). SCOMI OILTOOLS 30 .RDF Lab Tests ● Density ● Static age and hot roll ● Viscosity Profile ● Fluid loss data (dynamic and static). PPT/HTHP ● Compatibility tests ● Cleanup treatment ● Compatibility with Completion assembly ● Return permeability SCOMI OILTOOLS RDF Systems • The primary mechanism for minimizing the invasion of solids/liquids on all RDF systems is creating a thin. impermeable filter cake. ” • The concentration of bridging particles must be at least 5% by volume of these solids in the fluid SCOMI OILTOOLS 31 .Choosing PSD Abrahm’s rule • “The median particle size of the bridging material should be equal to or slightly greater than 1/3 the median pore size of the formation.Bridging Agents Objectives • Thinner filter cake • Reduced chance of wellbore problems • Minimize invasion of solids and fluid • Less formation damage • More efficient cleanup • Better productivity SCOMI OILTOOLS Bridging Theories . SPE 58793 Provides the optimum PSD for bridging the opening created by the bridging solids In un-weighted fluids 2-3% by volume is sufficient to form an optimum seal In weighted fluids or high solids laden fluids the guidelines are more flexible ● ● ● SCOMI OILTOOLS Pore Opening Size Abrahm’s rule D1/2 133 microns SCOMI OILTOOLS 32 .Ideal Packing Theory ● “Ideal packing occurs when the percent of cumulative volume versus the D 1/2 forms a straight line relationship” . 2 30% CaCO3 10 CaCO3 40 CaCO3 250 10% Closest Mix W/CaCO3 0% 0 5 10 15 20 25 Square Root (Microns) D 1/2 40% 20% SCOMI OILTOOLS Scomi Software HyPR-BRIDGE SCOMI OILTOOLS 33 .Particle Size Distribution/PSD Closest Mixture Utilizing CaCO3 for a 133 Micron Opening 100% 90% 80% 70% Cumlutive % Below 60% 50% Target Line CaCO. RDF Design Tools SCOMI OILTOOLS HIGH PRESSURE .RETURN PERMEABILITY APPRATUS Brine Coils Mud Coils OVEN Return Gas Cylinders Piston Drill-In Fluid Hassler Cell +Viscosity Coil C O R E ++- Validyne Delta Pressure Transducers BPR Piston Humidifier BPR BPR PR ISCO OVERBURDEN PUMP ISCO PUMP SCOMI OILTOOLS 34 . HIGH TEMPERATURE . modified HTHP or PPA.Return BP R ISC O C ore S ample CO NTI NO US F LO W P UMP O VER BUR DEN PUM P W A S T E S T E M U L A T I O N D R I L L I N G C O M P L E T I O N HAS TELLOY TR AN SFER VES SELS Permeameter. SCOMI OILTOOLS Chemical Breakers Filter Cake SCOMI OILTOOLS Oxidizer: Spotty Breaks in Cake Acid: “Wormholes” Enzyme/Chelant: Cake Removal 35 . Production Screen Tester. Test various methods of cleanup including flow back only. B e fo re A fte r enzymes and/or oxidizers. BPR Air Dr iven C ylind er HY DR AULIC DI SPLA CEM ENT C YLIND ER Air-D riven Pum p etc. single step or two step chemical cleanup treatments using acids.Cleanup Design FO R M ATIO N E VALU ATIO N C O MP LETIO N SIMU LA TO R BPR Co m pletio n Screen S cr een G ate F luid C ham ber Pr essure Transd ucer s Test to determine Return Permeability . Common Breakers Oxidizers • Lithium Hypochlorite • Sodium Hypochlorite • Calcium Hypochlorite • Internal Breakers Enzymes • Starch specific • Cellulose specific SCOMI OILTOOLS Breaker Options • Single • Acid • Oxidizer • Enzyme(s) • Enzyme/Chelant • No Clean-up • Multi •Oxidizer/Acid •Acid/Acid SCOMI OILTOOLS 36 . Chemical Cleanup Options Chemical Options Acids – Attack polymers above 120oF and calcium carbonate in WB. when to use it & how do you get it there? SCOMI OILTOOLS 37 . Performance may be enhanced with enzymes or oxidizers No Treatment – Flowback through completion assembly SCOMI OILTOOLS Breaker Selection Factors that effect Breaker Selection • BHT • Length of open hole • Fluid Density • RDF formulation • Completion assembly • Condition of RDF • Completion design What to use. water wet reversible invert emulsion fluid Oxidizers – Attack polymers above 80oF in WB fluids Enzymes – Attack specific polymers above 40oF (usually starch) in WB fluids Chelants – Dissolve calcium carbonate in WB fluids. Pressure .10.1200 ml • Weight .5 kg • Max.Field Testing and Evaluation Monitor fluid properties with : • Modified HTHP or PPA • Production Screen Tester • Brookfield Rheometer • Solids Determination Test • etc. SCOMI OILTOOLS Production Screen Tester (PST) • Manufactured in Stainless Steel • Many parts standard OFI fittings • Cell capacity .100 psi • Robust Construction • Quick and Simple to Use SCOMI OILTOOLS 38 . Production Screen Tester (PST) • The RDF is designed utilizing properly sized bridging/ weighting agents. Production Screen Receiving Cup SCOMI OILTOOLS Example of Screen Plugging SCOMI OILTOOLS 39 . • The PSD of the bridging/weighting agents meet the required PSD in order not to plug the completion assembly. 000 cp at 0. • An LSRV of 40.063sec-1 is typical.Example of Screen Plugging Shale and mud plugging screens SCOMI OILTOOLS Brookfield Rheometer • Maintaining the Low Shear Rate Viscosity (LSRV) with a Brookfield Rheometer is critical to proper hole cleaning and suspension. SCOMI OILTOOLS 40 . Completion Procedure SCOMI OILTOOLS Displacement Of Horizontal Section Prior To Running the Completion Assembly Displace the used RDIF system with a Solids Free pill in the open hole and +500’ inside of the casing RDIF System Solids Free pill SCOMI OILTOOLS 41 . set and test packer Completion fluid Screens Solids Free pill SCOMI OILTOOLS 42 .Displacement of the Casing Above the Horizontal Section Pull hole opener +300 inside casing Displace the used RDIF system with spacers and completion brine Pull out of the hole to pick up screens Completion brine Solids Free pill SCOMI OILTOOLS Completion Assembly In Horizontal Section Run screens to bottom. Displacement Clean-up procedure Displace out the Solids Free pill with the completion fluid Solids Free pill Completion fluid SCOMI OILTOOLS Displacement Clean-Up Sequence Spot the breaker solution in the open hole and soak for the specified amount of time Completion fluid Breaker solution SCOMI OILTOOLS 43 . Displacement Clean-Up Sequence After the soak period has elapsed. displace the breaker solution out of hole with completion fluid Breaker solution Completion fluid SCOMI OILTOOLS CASE HISTORY DRILLING WITH RESERVOIR DRILL-IN FLUIDS SCOMI OILTOOLS 44 . The 8 ½” hole was planned to be open hole completed where 7” production WWS screen planned to be set at 1645m MD through the U1. Scomi Oiltools CASE HISTORY Scomi Oiltools Solution: Scomi Oiltools had proposed the OPTA-FLO Sized Salt RDIF which was formulated and tailored to the given well data. Well Name : Sumandak A-01 Location : Offshore Sarawak. High clarity viscosifier OPTA ZAN ( premium grade) 1.000 8.5 ppb.0 . The HyPR-SIZER software program was used to optimize the concentration and particle size distribution of the bridging agent to ensure solids are deposited across the pore throats. clarified starch OPTA STAR PLUS 4. Final formulation as follows i.e. mg/l pH LGS.7 deg angle and 160 oF BHST. % Operator 10. Scomi Oiltools has been requested to propose drill-in fluid system for this particular 8 ½” section that has characteristic of non-formation damage and easy clean-up after the production sand screen set.9.0 ppb. The bridging agent that produce external cake are easily removable with under saturated brine wash couple with 3% OPTA ZYME S enzyme breaker. cPs YP. Malaysia SCOMI OILTOOLS OPTA-FLO Sized Salt – A Reservoir Drill – In Fluids Results: The well was displaced and drilled with 10. Malaysia For Additional Information.7 .0 ppb as pH buffer. the enzyme breaker was chosen and tested successfully in the lab at 3% vol/vol to clean up the mud cake at the well bore. Magnesium Oxide 1.8 200.Bhd. Well Name : Sumandak A-01 Location : Offshore Sarawak. The well was drilled with 13 3/8” casing set at 843m MD.5 ppg.com 45 . At TD the hole was then displaced with solids free OPTA-FLO Sized Salt RDIF before running in the WWS screen which was set at 1645m as well ( The solid free OPTA-FLO RDIF was earlier tested with PST unit to determine the ability of the fluid passing through the sand screen). The whole operation while drilling and completing the well with OPTA FLO . The under saturated brine at 9. Improved productivity for U 1. lb/100ft2 Gel Strength.1 and U1. with sized salt 5E ( 5µm) 15 ppb and 20E ( 20µm) 31 ppb as bridging agent. Scomi Oiltools CASE HISTORY MUD PROPERTIES Mud Weight.0 2.0 ppg with enzyme breaker OPTA ZYME S at 3% v/v was pumped inside and at screen annulus to destroy the mud cake and dissolve the salts.2 sands from estimated at 1000 bbls/day to 1800bbls/day ( as informed by PCSB Production Technologist) SCOMI OILTOOLS : Petronas Carigali Sdn.KCL/PHPA to TD at depth 1645m MD/ 1330m TVD with 40. Contact: [email protected] 57-61 18-19 17-18 4-6 / 5-7 6-7 5-6 3. ppg Funnel Viscosity. The products were carefully chosen and tested in the lab.2 sands. sec PV. saturated NaCl with 3% w/w KCL in brine. OPTA ZYME S.Bhd.2 ppg OPTAFLO Sized Salt RDIF from 1488m to 1645m.1 and U 1.7 Benefits: Fluids are non damaging to the production reservoir . sized salt RDIF was without any problem. lb/100ft2 6 rpm 3 rpm API Flitrate. Operator : Petronas Carigali Sdn.OPTA-FLO Sized Salt – A Reservoir Drill – In Fluids Background: November 2006 : The well Sumandak A-01 was drilled with water based mud system HYDRO-FOIL GEN 2. ml/30 min Chlorides. 9 5/8” casing at 1488m MD with 9.2.