TARGET MAINS SERIES | IAS 2017-18 | ETHICS60 Sixty most Probable news based Ethics Case Studies Written by Pooja Chaudhary, Pritam Kumar UPSC Ethics Syllabus Mapping and news/ editorial links provided per case study to stress in the importance Note4students and detailed solutions (per UPSC standards) provided for all 60 case studies Emphasis on including 'ethics jargons and key terms' to ensure that your answer stands out Mentor inputs from Dr. Vipin Garg (IAS, Rank 20) E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Note4Students: Year on year, questions in ethics paper have become more dynamic in nature. This is not just for static syllabus portion but also for case studies. These 50 Case studies for Mains 2017 are based on current affairs and have been mapped to subtopics of Ethics syllabus in order to provide a better understanding of issues related to Ethics. How to approach Case studies: These detailed Case studies have been mapped syllabus wise, content topics are actually parts of Ethics syllabus. All these case studies have been prepared based on current issues in news that demand application of ethics in bringing out a solution of the problem. In these case studies: Question refers to situation emerging in every case study. Answer refers to the appropriate response under those case studies. Hints refers to what more can be done or it can be referring to apt explanations as a answer. 1 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Table of Contents: 1. Emotional intelligence: concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance (3 case studies)……………….………….3 2. Moral and political attitudes (7 case studies)……………………..………..7 3. Social influence and persuasion(1 case study)……………………………16 4. Ethics in private and public relationships (4 case studies)…………….....19 5. Strengthening of ethical & moral values in governance(2 case studies)..25 6. Accountability and ethical governance(2 case studies)………………......29 7. Quality of service delivery (1 case study)…………………………………..32 8. Codes of Conduct(3 case studies)……………………………………….....35 9. Philosophical basis of governance and probity (2 case studies)……...…39 10. Work culture (1 case study)…………………………………………...……..42 11. Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service(5 case studies)….…..45 12. Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behavior(2 case studies)……………………………………………......53 13. Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality, and nonpartisanship, objectivity(5 case studies)………………................57 14. Probity in Governance: Concept of public service (4 case studies)……..64 15. Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems( 3 case studies)…………………………………………………....70 16. Laws, rules,regulations, & conscience as sources of ethical guidance (2 case studies).........................…............................................................74 17. Human values, tolerance, compassion, compatibility etc (2 case studies)…….….............................................................................79 18. Corruption, tolerance, sympathy, empathy, impartiality and non- partisanship (1 case study)…………..……………………………………….81 2 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Syllabus mapping: Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance. 3 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 He is the most important person who has to motivate the team despite hard conditions. the team is bound to loose motivation to put in dedicated efforts. he should take the first effort by leading the team. Answer: The most important thing in such relief programmes is sustaining energy and enthusiasm. 4. 2. a lack of enthusiasm is likely to happen after some days. Ensure to incentivize the team from time to time He should ensure that the team is incentivized after such operations are conducted successfully. telling them about their past operations and other operations which have made a difference during disasters. the team will also lack in a high dedication level. The energy with which the operation is started is not found at the end. tired and a lack in motivation can be witnessed after some days. state government and the hospitals. Telling the team about its achievements: It is the duty of the team leader to ensure that the team is praised for the efforts put in by it. The options available before the team leader in such case are as follows: 1. The floods have caused huge losses. the team usually starts loosing motivation and energy. Your team. It is the combined efforts of all persons in the team that make such operations successful. The ability of the team leader to tell his team about how far the team has come is important to keep the energy and motivation level of the team high. The team starts feeling exhausted. 3. Telling stories about their past successful operations can be of help here. Why do such operations loose energy and enthusiasm after some period? Which qualities of the person heading the operation are tested? How will you motivate the team to work in such a situation? Discuss the various options. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Source:(in light of recent disasters in the country and the relief operations during such disasters) 4 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Due to lack of cooperation from other local people or local agencies. If the leader himself will start feeling down. In such cases. After continuous efforts for some time.com | 08823831311 . Due to fall in energy level of the leader heading the team. It has been five days since your team is working since day and night. it is the team leader who has a critical role to play. The lack of energy and motivation can be attributed to following factors: When the team does not get the desired results despite its best efforts.) You are heading a disaster relief volunteer team in a district which has witnessed flood on a large level. Seeking cooperation from other agencies The leader should ensure that its team gets cooperation from other agencies in the area like local bodies. district administration. If he will be demotivated. motivational and inspirational qualities are tested throughout the relief operation. at this point of time is highly exhausted. He should tell his team members about how far they have come and how they have been able to save the lives of so many affected people. Motivating the team timely The team should be from time to time motivated through various means like praising them. The dedication and the ability of the persons to work in unfavorable situations is what drive such operations. His leadership. It is the combined efforts of all agencies that are important in such cases. 5. Lead the team from front The leader should himself set an example by showing exemplary efforts. Due to lack of incentives for the efforts put in by the team. So. Due to sustained efforts for long time. co m Q. This will help them to give their best efforts in next operations. However. who calls the police to inform them of an accidental injury or death need not reveal his or her personal details such as full name. 5. 2.bbc. If a Good Samaritan chooses to be a witness. The prime responsibility of protecting the people who come forward for help in such cases lies with the state. The Good Samaritan is treated respectfully and without any discrimination on the grounds of gender. 2. For this. until unless some suffers an accident themselves. This can be attributed to the following reasons: 1. nationality and caste. The examination may be conducted at a time and place of the Good Samaritan’s convenience and the investigation officer will be dressed in plain clothes. 6. In order to protect the interests of good Samaritans in case of road accidents. regarding the treatment which they may face from the investigation authorities. 4. No initiative from the side of the police to transform their image to a helpful branch of society. It can be said to some extent that when state fails to ensure enough legal protection for such people.) You are posted as a police officer. co m Q. Lack of incentive from the authorities if they come forward to be a witness. People choosing to remain inactive. 7. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. address and other such details in the police record form or log register. identity.ece http://www. 3. When you reach the accident place. Lack of sensitization. address or phone number. Do you think state has failed to provide protection to such witnesses? What actions do you suggest to protect the interests of good Samaritans in case of road accidents? Answer: In cases of road accidents. the persons are lying unconscious. The police does not compel the Good Samaritan to disclose his or her name. The state must take care of the fact that helping road accident victims becomes free of legal and procedural hassles. and no further questions will be asked of him or her if he or she does not desire to be a witness. regarding pain of the victims. It has been observed that people don’t prefer to help any person in need after an accident and just stand as mute spectators on the roadside in response to any road accident. 4. religion. providing legal protection and creating conducive environment is vital as it will remove fear among people about chances of being pulled up in legal hassles and provide a legal support to morality exhibited by the people helping road victims. You get a call reporting a road accident where two persons are severely injured. Any individual. following points may be kept in mind: 1. 8. 3. when lodging the FIR when you ask people present at the site of accident to be witness. he may be examined with utmost care and respect.com/opinion/editorial/Protecting-Good-Samaritans/article14587198.com/news/magazine-36446652 5 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. the people hesitate in coming forward. 5.thehindu. The police may allow the Good Samaritan to leave after having provided the information available to him or her.com | 08823831311 . Persistence of fear among people. like the crowd around them. except an eyewitness. people hesitate to come forward to be witness. without causing any undue delay. You instantly arrange an ambulance for them. the Good Samaritan is examined in a single examination in a reasonable and time-bound manner. In a police station. Source:http://www. nobody comes forward. The police may not force any Good Samaritan in procuring information or anything else. Solving the root cause of the problem: As agricultural crisis is the underlying cause for all this. there is a protest on the main highway passing through the district. He should realize he will have to be some whattolerant. co m Q. 2. People have blocked the highway and are sitting with the dead bodies. Taking preventive steps: He should seek help from the state government as it would enable him to get experienced help from the government. The most important thing is to pacify the crowd at this point of time. How will you pacify the crowd? What are the various options before you? Discuss them with their merits and demerits suggesting which course of action will you take and why? Answer: In the above case. The people in the area are facing severe agricultural crisis which might have affected them economically. The various options available to the DM in the case can be- 1.in/2017/06/28/farmers-suicides-and-protests-in-madhya-pradesh- poke-holes-in-go_a_23005470/ 6 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. then persuasion can be given. A talk can be arranged with the head leader of the people who are protesting so that a solution can be reached at. http://www. This made the situation more intense. Steps should also be taken for force and police deployment in the area as the people are angry and the law and order situation in the area might deteriorate further. it is important to solve that also. the situation led to protests. at this time. 4. However. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. He should try to persuade the people to get disassembled so that further solution of the problem can be reached at. The anger of the villagers is justified. so till then. During the protest. two innocent famers got killed by a bullet fired by police. Due to this crisis faced by farmers. This would pacify the people and they would be assured of the good intentions of the district administration. This would bring the matter to the knowledge of the government and he alone would not be at fault if things get worsened.huffingtonpost. The agriculture sector has been hit severely this year in your district due to bad rains. 5. that is why. he should be prepared to handle the situation on his own. so. The suggested course of action should be to follow sympathetic attitude with the crowd and topersuade them that the administration is looking in to the matter and action will be taken against the guilty. There has been an increase in farmers’ deaths due to suicide. Announcing compensation for the families of the affected: He can make an announcement for the families of the farmers who died in this incident as they were the sole bread earning members in their family. The people should be told that the administration regrets the loss of the farmers and will ensure that the family of the farmers gets needed help. though the people are violating law but their reason is genuine and sometimes they need to be given space to ventilate their anger if they donot turn exaggerated.com | 08823831311 . They were the sole bread earning members in their families. He should assure the people that a thorough probe will be made into the matter and timely action will be taken.) You are posted in a district as DM. But this would take time. he should make sure that he doesn’t make any such promise which might make him to go against the rules and regulations. 3. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Syllabus mapping: Moral and political attitudes 7 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Q.) You are living with one of your friend who is known to you since childhood. Your friend is actively involved in political debates, while you don’t have that much interest in politics. One day, he starts discussing with you on some topic but you continue to do your work without taking any interest in the discussion. He gets angry and starts telling you that youth being silent on important issues is the biggest worry for nation. He accuses you of being unpatriotic and anti-national. What is your opinion on your friend’s view? Critically comment. Do you think nationalism should be judged on objective factors like taking part in debates and speaking for national issues? Answer: The differing views between two people which contradict to one another are common and the solution lies in peaceful rational discussion rather than accusing one of being unpatriotic and antinational. If someone has some point to make and someone dismisses him by branding him as anti national and unpatriotic just on the mere fact that he is not engaging in a debate, this may not be called a fair treatment. In the above case, the person would not like his friend’s view of how he reacted to the situation. There are various possibilities due to which he may not have responded to him. It is possible that he may be engaged in some more important work, or he may not like to debate with him at that point of time knowing his nature that how he turns aggressive when it comes to political debates. He should talk to his friend in this regard and tell him that nationalism does not meaning speaking for long time on political issues and taking part in debates. It can be witnessed in various forms. His friend should listen to him patiently, find out the merits in his arguments, if any, and if he doesn’t like his arguments, he should simply disagree. A verbal opinion should be countered with a verbal opinion and not by inciting hatred or branding someone as anti national. Nationalism can not be judged on objective factors like taking part in debates and speaking for national issues. It means standing up for the nation when the need arises. He should make his friend understand the true meaning of nationalism. Nationalism, in its basic form, means a feeling of pride and love for one's country. All those who refuse to chant certain slogans or try to question the government/judicial system cannot be termed as antinational. While it is necessary to crackdown on those intending to create disharmony but the definition of nationalism and patriotism should not be reduced to shouting a few slogans. Rather, one should hear everyone's viewpoint and strive to create social/economic equality, which will automatically, foster nationalism. Thus the love for the nation should be equally balanced with the desire of making it better. Source:(in light of rising number of debates about nationalism in the country) Q) Your family wants you to get married. The girl is your family friend since long time. Everything is almost settled between the two families. When you go to meet the girl, you came to know that you both have a different political ideology. Your political thinking doesn’t match. You are a politically active person. When you tell this thing to your family, your family asks you to ignore this as there are no other issues apart from this. They convince you that she is a suitable match for you. You are confused what to do. What will you do in such a situation? Will you go ahead with the marriage or not? How can they keep their ideology and personal choices separate in case they get married? Answer: Everyone may not have same ideology and interest in this world. People may have different political ideologies and thinking and still they may be good partners. It is about respecting a person’s individual choice. 8 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m In the above case, when all the things are settled between the families and even between the persons who are going to get married, the difference in political ideology arises. The person knows the girl from a long time. Even his family likes the girl. Political ideology may not be the sole criteria when it comes to judging compatibility between two people. If he likes the girl, he should go ahead with the marriage. He should understand that everybody may not have same opinions. In a Democracy Difference of opinion is likely to happen. People may have their have our own influences, history of experiences, psychological makeup, and subjective lens through which they view the world, some differences are bound to exist or arise. If they get married, they can still lead a happy life if certain things are taken care of. He should talk to the girl and discuss it with her that what does she want. Having discussion with her is important as her opinion also matters. If two of them get married, they can keep their ideology and personal choices separate in ways like: 1. Trying to avoid certain topics that could lead to irreconcilable differences like discussing on conflicting political debates. 2. The two of them should give equal space to the opinion of each other. It is possible that they may have different opinion but then they should learn to respect that. 3. Without having a prejudice in mind, that the other one’s ideology is always wrong, they should listen to it carefully and then take a stand. It doesn't mean one has to agree with everything the other says but accept their opinions as valid. 4. They may choose not to discuss sensitive issues such as politics for the sake of avoiding the potential fallout, thus possibly preserving the relationship. This strategy may also serve to maintain privacy and one’s sense of autonomy, essential ingredients for a healthy partnership. It can be said that the antidotes to contempt within any relationship are fondness and admiration, both of which can be maintained and strengthened by expressing appreciation and respect. Difference of opinion on political issues does not make much difference if both partners are mature to handle them. Political differences in a relationship can work if both respect each other's differences and are able to appreciate one another's perspectives. Source: http://indianexpress.com/article/trending/bizarre/bride-and-groom-call-off-wedding-because-of-fight-over- pm-narendra-modi-4745862/ Q.) Caste occupies distinct position in moulding the voting behaviour in India and this happens in spite of the adoption of several provisions which prohibits discrimination on the basis of caste. The political parties in India formulate their policies and election strategies always keeping in mind the caste factor. Even the candidates are selected keeping the caste factor in mind. Election campaigns are made in such a way that it makes the voters to feel their respective caste identities. How does caste determine political attitude and voting behavior of people? Do you think even after so many years of independence India has failed to segregate caste from politics? Critically comment. Answer: Political attitude refer to the attitude and beliefs of common citizens about the political system, related institutions, leadership and other events of public life. Voting behavior reflect the ways in which people tend to vote in public elections and why they vote in that particular way. It also reflects the voter’s choices, preferences, ideologies, concerns, alternatives etc. The political attitude of the people and their voting behavior is influenced by a variety of factors. 9 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Among these factors, caste occupies distinct position in moulding the voting behaviour of the people. People tend to vote for the ones who belong to their caste and whose agenda falls in line with their own expectations and ideologies. Sometimes, the people even decide to vote for a particular party without analyzing the ability of the candidate. The enthusiasm and competition among candidates to get party tickets on the basis of caste shows the prominence of caste factor in determining the voting behavior in India. Not only the voting behaviour is influenced by the caste, the caste factor is kept in mind even by the political parties while electing the candidates and while framing their election manifestos. They are aware of the fact that it is easier to lure people in the name of caste. Though India has progressed a lot since independence, but still, caste continues to be an important determinant of voting behaviour in India. It has deep roots in the society and constitutes an important basis of social relations at all levels along with determining political ideologies of people. Despite the adoption of several provisions which prohibit action and discrimination on its basis, caste continues to be a determinant of political behaviour. Votes are demanded in the name of caste. Along with these, the current problems and difficulties faced by the people as well as recent political developments or the poll eve developments also act as determinants of voting behaviour. The political and economic events of the election year also act as determining factors. It can be said that though the caste plays an important role in Indian politics & electoral outcomes, but it is not the only factor which influences election results as other factors like local issues, religion, political party, economic issues, governance and development issues and political candidates also play an important role in electoral politics. However, with increase in literacy level and increased rural urban connectivity hold of caste on people is decreasing particularly in urban areas. The government should, through various means, ensure that caste based politics leads to side lining of more important issues like governance and may also lead to caste based violence. http://www.firstpost.com/politics/up-election-2017-complex-caste-dynamics-in-state-most-certainly- predict-a-hung-assembly-3277906.html Q.) In a democratic setup, election manifestos play an important role in influencing the voting behavior of people. However, before elections the political parties make big promises, they talk to changing the system, making it efficient, transparent and corruption free. But when it comes to fulfilling those promises, they fail to abide by them. Where does the lacuna lie in the above process? How can accountability be fixed on the political parties? Give suggestions to bring a coherency between elections manifestos promises and the fulfilling of those promises. Answer: Election promises are one of representative democracy’s most natural, yet also most controversial, elements. On the one hand, politicians’ promises create hope and expectations. On the other hand, election promises are associated with feelings of disappointment and suspicion. The election manifestos released by the political parties during election campaigns seem far away from the real priorities of society and are biased towards vote bank politics. The political leaders who are motivated by the power of authority fail to realize the real priorities. They make such promises so as to seek the cooperation of people in winning the election with the objective to derive personal benefits from the seat of power. The political parties show off to make alluring promises. The vote gain politics has become the common reason why real priorities are generally ignored. The gap lies at the level of the lack of political values and ethics among the politicians. There is no mechanism as such to assess 10 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 The ideology of your political party is pole opposite to the party in power. You were given a clean chit in the scam case by the Court as you played no 11 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. its role can be utilized. The other National party has emerged as the winning party in 4 out of 5 states where elections were held recently. Your party is in opposition from last 10 years. In order to bring a coherency between elections manifestos promises and the fulfilling of those promises following steps can be taken: 1.com | 08823831311 . For fixing the accountability on the political parties and to bridge the gap between the elections manifestos and the real priority needs of the people: 1. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. position and authority. There should be a transparent system where people are presented a true picture of the degree to which the political parties fulfilled the promises made by them. the performance of the party you belong to has not been good in the last some years. However. A large section of MLAs of your party have shifted to the other party as they are not sure that your party will perform well and the ruling party has offered lucrative offers to them in terms of money. He also offers you a big amount of money and assures you of a seat in the cabinet if the party comes to power which is almost sure seeing the recent trend as they have won in almost all states. Recently elections are to be held in your state. It is almost sure that the ruling party will win the upcoming elections in your state. It is the supreme body which has supervision over the political parties.) You are a MLA with a strong influence belonging to a party from last 20 years and are a supporter of its ideology since your college days. It is essential the leaders should not run after the power. It is necessary to inculcate values of empathy. 4. They should see the seat of authority as a public vocation and trust of people. The manifestos should not appear to be mere collection of promises but realize long term goals which are prepared after assessing the real priorities of the people at ground level. Having a body of experts to review the manifestos of the various parties 2. Hence. 3. Source: (in light of gap between promises made by government before coming to power and the fulfilling of those promises) Q. He threatens you of re-opening a scam which occurred during your tenure in the Department in which you were the Cabinet Minister in case you decline his offer. Code of ethics: Ministers must follow this by upholding the highest standards of constitutional and ethical conduct and their adherence to it must be monitored by a committee which may be set up for this purpose. 2. integrity and honesty which will enable the political parties not to use wrong means and make such promises in their manifestos which are in compliance with the real priorities and needs of the people. co m the degree of promises which was fulfilled by the political parties out of the promises made by them in their political manifestos. 4. Creating awareness among the people: The Election Commission can play a significant role though educating people through compaigns and other means. Media has an independent and important role to play here. 3. The President of the ruling party comes to you one day and offers you a ticket from his party. It has been losing elections in almost all the states. devotion to duty. It has lost 3 successive elections in your home state. com/india-news/going-gets-tough-for-ahmed-patel-as-2-gujarat-congress-mlas-quit- ahead-of-rajya-sabha-polls/story-yL8s8fIqKFmYBmvZfEptKL. one can guess how true he was to his principles. You are known by the people in the area for your principles. http://www. Values and principles of a man take a long time to change. integrity. Even if his party looses the election. For persons holding public offices. today or tomorrow a conflict in ideology is likely to happen. The values that are at stake are his personal values. they will vote for it. Selling one’s ideology is one of the worse things one could ever do. it presents a bad image of him before the public for not being a man of principles. 3) One’s ideology is shaped over a period of years and cannot be built or destroyed in a day. he may work for the society.html Case Study taken from: Floods Situation in Assam and West Bengal. If the public will support his party’s ideology. etc. If today he agrees to fight the election from ticket given by the ruling party. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. What will you do? Will you compromise on your principles and ideologies in the above case in order to contest elections. If he has performed his duties with honesty and was no where involved in the scam. But this way he may invite inevitable troubles for him in the longer run. if he has not done anything wrong and has not played any role in the scam.hindustantimes. However. he will save himself from the investigations and trials in the scam case. However. He should not think about winning a seat or becoming a minister. His political career may also come to an end. The above case study presents a conflicting situation for the MLA between his ideology which he has been following since long and opportunity to hold a lucrative public office. he should not succumb to the political pressure. The case also tests his honesty and responsibility while holding a public office during his tenure as minister. loyalty to the party to which he presently belongs to. ability to not to succumb to political pressure. 12 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. he cannot be punished for it. he should not be fearful of these kinds of threats. You have been a critic of it since the time you joined politics. 2) The consequences of agreeing to and rejecting the proposal can be discussed as: To agree with the proposal: It will allow him to continue his political career as he may get a chance to become Minister if the party comes to power. Abiding by one’s principles is more important.com | 08823831311 . He should understand that winning and losing is a part of one’s political career. Turning down the proposal offered by the ruling party: This way he will not be judged like the members who compromised with their principles for some money. Also. The public will have respect for him. she asks you to accept the offer of the ruling party as she doesn’t want any disturbances due to the scam case re-opening. it is important to have a defined set of values which cannot be compromised upon. It’s all about public mandate. He will also be proud of himself. Moreover. You are confused now what to do? What are the moral values that are at stake? Will you accept the offer? Discuss the consequences of agreeing to and rejecting the proposal. In such a case. To stand for one’s principles is equally important. as once you get a cabinet seat you can continue with your present ideology? Answer: 1) Every political party has an ideology on the basis of which it drives its workers to work with a defined set of principles and govern the society when it is in power. Moreover. just for the fact that he may get to win a cabinet seat. there are various other ways too. the ruling party is in contrast to your ideology. When you tell your wife about it. co m role in it. People can be served by not just being a minister. if he decides to contest for the ruling party. natural environment. 2. He needs to focus on the pre handed preparations before such disasters. Therefore. In some areas flood situation is worsened due to high level of siltation and rising river bed. Dualistic nature of cultural practices needs to be taken into account in fitting the solutions wherever required. sympathy. The success of any disaster management programme depends on the team efforts rather than individual efforts. natural environment. strategies and implementation call for a approach undertaking pro-active initiatives to involve techno-social-cultural- economic-environmental-governance initiatives. The rescue team volunteers should be taught to deal with compassion and sensitivity. Most of the 13 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. co m India looses too many lives due to heavy floods and other natural disasters every year.com | 08823831311 . In such a context. What are the actions do you think will be suitable for such areas and how are you going to deal with the situation? Justify your actions. These factors are unique in different parts of the same region. Also. People should be taken in confidence by showing trust and care for them. in the area. updates and basic Dos and Don’ts of different disaster events. The volunteers should be trained for rehabilitation programmes. The above case presents a situation before the officer where he needs to focus not only on the direct causes but also on the indirect contributing factors. ethical and cultural practices etc. What are the ethical impediments you are likely to face in dealing with the people affected by floods? Hints: The impact of disaster in any area is determined by several inter-linked factors. These processes are complex in nature owing to historical background and the present processes of development and urbanization. passion. included therein the ideas of economic disparity and the brutality of market forces during and post flood situation. floods are a result of yet another set of contributing factors such as inadequate urban drainage. Technological solutions can be harnessed. People should be made aware to deal with the disaster together. Poor maintenance and resultant failure of embankments and erosional activities are other contributing factors leading to recurrence of floods causing high magnitude of losses and damages. These ethical impediments will also play crucial role in dealing with the trauma of loss of property or near and dear one. Ethical factors such as trust. economic diaspora. You have been appointed as a District Administrator tasked with disaster risk reduction in an area unknown to you in terms of cultural and traditional practices. It has to be an integrated approach which cannot be made dependent on one or two factors but has to be devised after considering social milieu. awareness and social capital also determine to a large extent the success and failure of these strategies. Social factors including education. fair treatment in rehabilitation etc. The disaster rehabilitation programmes are complex in nature owing to historical background and the present processes of development and urbanization. the exercise of devising strategies for disaster risk reduction to deal with flood becomes multifaceted. 1. The people should be made aware as to how they have to be self sufficient in taking themselves out of their homes to a safe place in case of floods. poor maintenance of drains and improper land use planning. disaster risk reduction efforts to reduce flood losses require due attention to not only the direct causes but also the social milieu. compassion. Culture influences to a large extent affect the implementation of strategies and policies. ethical and cultural practices etc. To deal with these processes. empathy. The use of technology is prevalent in our day-to-day lives. can act as impediments if not dealt properly. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. This can be used as a resource which can be used for multiple purposes like imparting training programmes. economic diaspora. she started crying in front of her mother. antipathy. Many of them were injured. were shown photos of male members of the school staff. Thus. Identify the ethical issues involved and discuss what course of actions is available with you as a DM.Additionally. The police have now arrested the 30-year-old watchman as the prime suspect. 1. The parents immediately took her to nearest hospital where. a protest in front of the school by members of the Students’ Association went awry when a scuffle broke out after they were asked to disperse by the police. personal moral values. self control. It should be a locally-specific solution strategy wherein specificities. integrity. greater. the incidence of sexual assault is being confirmed. The social stigma. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. fidelity etc. not being sure about who to contact etc. in the interest of the child. The DM should ask the police to record the report in writing and book the person under POSCO Act. co m solutions in the technological arena of disaster management can be achieved with optimum utilization of what we think is minimum (Just owning a smart phone). On the day of incidence. community resilience practices need to be taken into consideration. The capacity building strategies like preparedness. challenges and unique local features are fully taken into account over the long run and the officer should focus on that. When the victim and her four-year-old brother. the very thought of the child having to re-live the incident during the investigation. Disaster risk reduction is a long term process entailing a wide coverage of issues and understanding of multiple dimensions of communities’ vulnerability and resilience. In the above case. prevention and mitigation need to be revisited for a larger. realization of disaster risk reduction goals demands a detailed and broader approach where strengths. Case Study taken from: Sexual harassment of a 3 year girl in NOIDA School by a watchman. You are a District Magistrate recently posted in a district where a three year old girl is allegedly sexually assaulted in her school. region specific issues. Do you think sexual education or awareness should be imparted to the school children even to the smaller kids? If yes. father picked up the children (4 year old baby boy with 3 year old girl) to home. who studies in the same school. hedonism. The next morning.com | 08823831311 . the child must be protected from the media. is scary to many parents. involvement and efficient delivery of services. The girl was quite silent all the way to home and as she reached home. 2. The approach in dealing with such disasters needs to shift from a point where one focuses on only short- term response. and one girl was detained by the police. weaknesses. responsibility. She was even resisting her mother from changing her school uniform. the pressure of interacting with police. suggest the processes how it could be done? Hints: The cases of child abuse which are now a days rampantly increasing in India can be majorly attributed to the adaptation failure or environmental maladjustment (both in family and work place) mostly on part of the adult perpetrators (parents. unless directed by the Special Court. both instantly pointed to the school watchman and said he was “the uncle who would buy them mithai (sweets)”. When forcefully asked she explained everything. broader understanding. employers) but to some extent on the part of adults responsible for family socialization as well. 14 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Above all. first the person suspected should be arrested and intimated based on the medical report. commitment. after hours of medical examination. The above case involves the ethical issues like fear. are the issues generally faced. The responsibility of parents. There is an elemental moral requirement to respond to innocent suffering. The protestors should be pacified by talking to them and ensuring them that proper justice will be made. co m A proper investigation should be conducted in the concerned school to gather the information about its environment and the security systems involved. Children are innocent and their raw mind doesn’t have any such awareness. They should be asked to arrest the person inflicting violence if need arises. Parents should be made aware of such incidences and asked to teach the same to their children. 15 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. The case also involves responsibility on the part of teachers for spreading awareness especially among the children. they should properly be taught about sexual awareness and also should be made aware about proper course of action in case any such unfortunate incidents happen. family members. During adolescent period. if anyone touches them inappropriately they should resist and report the same either to their parents or to the person whom they trust. Children should be made aware about their privacy and personal vicinity. Police personnel should be employed to care for any incidence of violence. Overall making them aware about possibility of such incidences will be a good step. As they grow. and all violence against children is preventable… whether accepted as ‘traditional’ or disguised as ‘discipline’. They should be asked politely to return back. There are levels of providing education or awareness about sexual abuse which should be taught to them at during school. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. similarly the process of learning and its level should also be increased to make them more aware about such abuses.com | 08823831311 . Small kids should made aware about their privacy and personal conduct and should be made aware about what is right or wrong and asked to not allow anyone breach their privacy. society. A clear message needs to be spread that no violence against children is justifiable. school. Any body who indulges in such an activity should be severely punished for it so that others may fear next time even if they think of doing so. The principle may be contacted to have a detailed investigation in the matter. They should be taught that. and teachers are most important in this respect. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Syllabus mapping: Social influence and persuasion 16 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 . But taking action might be a late step now as the marriage has already been performed. 17 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. You see that all the preparations have been made. Discuss them with their merits and demerits. You immediately reach the spot of marriage. co m Q. Her parents can be convinced that though the marriage has been performed. This will send a strong signal in the area to the people as it is a common practice to marry their girls at an early age. etc. comes to you and informs you about her neighbors who are getting their daughter married at an age of 15 years. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. DM should have taken pre hand measures to create awareness among the people so that such incident would not have happened. The various options along with their merits and demerits are discussed as: 1. Financial poverty further adds to the pressures along with low level of education. 3. dowry. One day. they should not send their daughter to her in laws place since she is too small to bear family responsibilities. When you talk to the family. you come to know that the family is not well educated and thinks that girls should be married early as they it’s the common practice in the whole village and they cannot go against it. Talk to the girl and know her stand as that is most important. Knowing her opinion on the matter is important. Also suggest which course of action would you take and why? (i) Convince the family and ask them not to send their daughter to her in-laws place despite marriage being performed. he comes to know that the family is not well educated and its opinions are surrounded by the general perceptions of others in the community. a girl of about 18 years who is well educated. Given below are some options. The DM should talk to the girl if she has been forced to marry or the marriage is performed against her wish. Your district suffers from socially backward problems like child marriage. She tells you that she tried to convince her parents but was unsuccessful. female infanticide.) You are posted as a DM in a small district. In the above case. This way a middle solution can be found to the problem. 2. (iv) Initiating a drive in the area in order to prevent such incidents in future. This will save the girl from engaged in household chores at an early age of 15 years. Answer: Child marriage is one of the evil practices that still exists in some parts of the country when we are living in 21st century. After talking to the family. (ii) Talk to the girl and know her stand as that is most important. He should tell her about the ill effects of this evil practice and convince her that she should tell her parents not to send her to inlaws place. It is an outcome of broad social norms and societal pressures. the girl who comes to the officer is well educated and tells him that despite her convincing the parents of the girl who are getting her married at an early age of 15 years. Convince the family and ask them not to send their daughter to her inlaws place despite marriage being performed. Take strict action against the family under the law against child marriage. (iii) Take strict action against the family under the law against child marriage. This will set a good precedent in the area and they will be fearful of law when they think of doing so.com | 08823831311 . html https://www. Source:http://www. Steps should be taken to increase access to accessible. This will educate the people about ill effects of child marriage. high quality and safe schooling for girl students. the values and norms which support the practice of child marriage need to shift. But such a change might not happen overnight and may take time. Supporting young people to be agents of change can be an effective measure of bringing change in the attitude of the people in the area. For change to happen.com | 08823831311 . Drives and campaigns can be run to tell people about importance of education for girls and tell them that girls are not burden. co m Initiating a drive in the area in order to prevent such incidents in future. This will decrease the cases of child marriage. The officer should take steps to create awareness in the village regarding ill effects of child marriage.com/india-news/why-are-child-marriages-on-the-rise-in-india-s- cities/story-BMHCvGIRImFTBYgpwtufGP.hindustantimes.thebetterindia. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y.com/97387/stop-child-marriage-intervention-tribal-rural-odisha/ 18 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. co m Syllabus mapping: Ethics in private and public relationships. 19 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 . E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. instead of finding a solution or cooperating you. It is not about financial independence. In that situation. One day when you discuss the matter with your husband. he abruptly asks you to leave the job and look after the child as he earns well. But. (iii) Have an argument with your husband that why only you should compromise with your job. However. she will be able to give time to her child and look after the child. By doing so. You have a small child aged 2 years. Work-life balance is very important for efficient performance of duties by any individual. You are finding it difficult to manage your job with the child as your job sometimes requires you to work in odd hours. The situation deals with conflicts among the following interests: 1) Devotion and dedication to professional duties. The various options along with their merits and demerits are discussed as: Resign from the job and look after your child. (iv) Getting your child admitted in a crèche near your office. This will give her sufficient time and she can join the job again when her child grows. Discuss them with their merits and demerits. This will enable her not to resign from the job. Your husband is also a civil Servant and remains busy throughout the day because of the work pressure. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Being a woman doesnot make her subordinate in any sense and she an equal right to work. she should take care that she discusses it considering right time and situation else it will lead to an argument. caretaker may be appointed by discussing it with her husband. (iii) Have an argument with your husband that why only you should compromise with your job. Though she needs to tell her husband that he cannot ask her abruptly to resign from the job. (ii) Continue your job and call your mother in law to look after the child or appoint a caretaker for the child. it is possible that the mother in law may not be able to come. You have no financial burdens as such and quitting the job would also give you sufficient time to spend with your child who is too young. Given below are some options. She should make her husband understand that both the father and mother should take care equally for the child. 2) Choosing between emotional relationships with child and her work. But. Answer: The core issue in situation is work-life balance and handling situations where private and professional life are in conflict. It’s about her right as a woman. Continue your job and call your mother in law to look after the child or appoint a caretaker for the child.com | 08823831311 . 20 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. co m Q. Also the child will be taken care of well and she would not have to be worried about the child everytime.) You are posted as SDM in a tehsil. this is strengthening the fact that a woman is the one who has to make sacrifice for the rearing of the child. Also suggest which course of action would you take and why? (i) Resign from the job and look after your child. co m (i) Getting your child admitted in a crèche near your office. A caretaker can be appointed if no bodyis available to look after the child. If possible. Being an upright officer and being true to the public post that he holds. Her husband should discuss the matter politely rather than abruptly asking her to resign from the job.com | 08823831311 . That would be impeach of public duty and the defiance to the principles of public life. they can call their mother in law or some body else from their home side to look after the child. The government has presently been not giving clearances to such projects as it has been emphasizing on forest conservation.bbc. not giving clearance to 21 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily.) You are posted as a senior officer in forest department. However. Will you use your authority to get the project cleared? What are the ethical conflicts that arise in the case? What are the options that are available to you? Discuss them with their merits and demerits. Upholding personal principles vs comprising them for personal motives 4. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. She should not succumb to the patriarchal attitude of her husband and take a stand if she wishes to continue her job. However. She should not alone leave her job to look after the child. Firmness to government principles vs violating government rules for self gain 3. it is against the policy of the government as it has been emphasizing on forest conservation in the area. Misuse of public post vs respect for the public office. the officer can get personal benefits if he gets the project cleared. it is not advisable to use his authority to seek some benefits for his son. But it is possible that her job might not allow her to leave office in between considering the volume of work. Your son asks you to get the clearances done from your department. The lady should talk to her husband that raising is the child is the responsibility of both the parents. this project is important for your son as you want him to get settled. Source: http://www. Nepotism vs respect to government policies 5. Personal interests vs abeyance to principles of public life 2. However. Your son has recently started a new project where he wants to set up a new factory in a forest area. Both can talk together on the matter in order to arrive at an interim solution. Your office deals with granting clearances to new projects. The various options along with their merits and demerits are discusses as: 1. The ethical conflicts that arise in above case are: 1. Answer: In the above case. You have always been an upright officer and have not taken any benefit of the post held by you. Not giving clearance to the project: This option will uphold his image as an upright officer who doesn’t change his principles just merely for seeking some personal benefits. This would involve clearing some area of district through which forest passes. Getting child admitted in a crèche will enable her to look after the child after regular intervals of time. She has equal right as her husband to work.com/family/should-you-quit-your-job/ Q.com/news/world-asia-india-32377275 https://www.todaysparent. Discuss all the available course of actions with their merits and demerits. 4. since one of your officer who also happens to be your friend got killed in the firing due to the fraudulent done by others for self monetary gain. With the exchange of firing you with your officials have moved inside the building shooting some of the criminals randomly. You are a Deputy Superintendent of Police of a district. You rushed immediately with 7 of your well trained and known officers in order to conduct raid and to arrest them. he is risking his son’s career as this project is important for him in order to get his settled. As you reached on the spot. he may ask somebody else to anlayse it and give approval or rejection. one of officer rushed quickly towards you in order to push you to save from the bullet as you were not wearing any bullet-proof jacket like other officers. As he has always been an upright and honest officer. Any public officer is expected to consider the interest of public office above his personal interests. This will also free him from the tensions related to his son as he would get settled. This way he will be saved from breach of public trust as he would be amending the project to suit the requirements of the government policy. You are in dilemma. Concerning the above facts consider the following: 1. 3. What course of action will you take in order to bring justice to your friend and his family? 22 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. 2. He should tell his son that he cannot favour the proposal if it is against law as it would be going against the government policies and comprising on the principles which he has upheld all his life. they welcomed you by firing multiple bullets on your officials. 5. The best course of action for the officer is to get himself out of the project as he might face conflict of interest. This shows the great deal of corruption in your department involving high ranking official. Ministries and contractors in procuring bullet-proof jackets. A public servant is expected to uphold government policies and not defy them. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. In the process of saving. Making amendments in the project proposal: This would mean not getting the clearance get done directly but through some indirect means by making certain amendments and changes in the proposal. He may tell them that the project is important.com | 08823831311 . Not being the authority in the project: As the project involves conflict of interest. The jacket actually was not made up of bullet proof materials but has been introduced as a bullet proof by your department. his seniors and subordinates might favour him for this. you are being targeted by one of criminals by his gun point and was about to press the trigger. but use his approach and contacts to get the work done. From the corner of one of the room. He should get the project analyses in a transparent manner by someone who doesnot have personal benefits involved in the project. Getting the clearance done with help from seniors: He may himself not be involved directly in the project. Source: (in light of conflict of interest faced by public servants while holding public office) Case Study taken from: Shootout in Mumbai Maharashtra. the officer got shot by the gun through the bullet-proof jacket. co m his son’s project. 2. This way the project analysis will be done in a transparent manner and thus justice would be done. Seeing this. From your vigilance department you come to know that some high profile criminals are hiding in a building of nearby residential area. Granting approval to the project: This would be impeach of the government policies and the rules framed by it as it has been emphasizing on forest conservation. But it is also possible that they may not give clearance. But the time to establish that the agency is at fault may take time due to investigation process and the family may demand justice early for their son. In this way the person can bring justice to his martyr friend and to his family. Being a high profile case involving higher authority the chances of fallacious actions with the evidences (in order to tamper it) are high. Being human. They are at the front end of dealing with the criminals while on duty. Making recommendation to the department for help to the officer’s family: He should recommend the authorities for making ex-gratia grant to the family of his friend. He should seek the details of the procurement. friend and people. Immediately the officer should inform the higher authority and demand for the proper action. After the report is being tabled in front of him. Maintaining secrecy in such proceedings is utmost important. The case also involves the violation of human rights. everyone has the right to live with proper security. By providing the duplicate jacket in the name of original. immediately the contract should be taken from it and legal action should be initiated against it. That’s why they have been provided with Gun to save their lives as well as to society from the grip of criminals. the contractors and person involved in dealing with the buying of bullet proof jackets. Though the loss that the family has suffered is difficult to recover but this will help the financially. The department should pay homage to the officer by visiting his family and supporting them at this crucial time. This course of action will show his capabilities to deal with the situation and also responsibility towards his duty. He can take the help of vigilance department to further investigate the matter. He should assure them that the department is investigating the case thoroughly. same he should inform to vigilance department of state and centre in order to sensitize the issue. the department has violated the human rights of the personnel. co m Hints: The life of police remain hectic and in danger always.com | 08823831311 . E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Taking contract for procuring jackets from the agency if it is found to be guilty: If the agency which procures the jackets is found guilty of malpractice and corruption. The case of human rights violation should also be registered against the person(s) involved and should be punished accordingly. Seeking help from state authorities: He should approach the state authorities for seeking justice for the officer who died. The officer should handle the case in conformity with the law which should be followed as per the proofs and evidences. The lure of the people in hierarchy for money costed an officer his life who ran to save his colleague from criminals. The above case depicts the corruption in police department in which top to bottom officials are involved. country. 23 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. A formal complaint should be registered in the local police station in order to avoid further legal glitches. The various course of actions available with the police officer are as follows: Set up investigation committee: The officer should investigate the matter in detail. If need arises he should form a committee involving senior members and ask for written report as soon as possible. the doctor cannot let the child die just because of the reason that the family cannot support the treatment of the child. However. Balancing Beneficence and non-maleficence: However. The ability of the family to support the child is really low as they also need to feed the other 3 child. In such condition it becomes important to balance the beneficence and non-maleficence. The case generate moral dilemma in doctors. Alternative options should be looked up to support the treatment of the child. In the above case. its morally wrong for the other child to suffer as well. This will also bring some moral satisfaction in Physician. is called in ethics "the principle of non-maleficence. whichever way the pendulum swings. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. the information necessary to understand the scope and nature of the potential risks and benefits in order to make a decision. the mandate that we "first do no harm. The parents of the boy have no formal education and are working at a factory with a monthly salary of Rs. the physician may request some NGOs who work for caring such medical conditioned persons and ask to take the responsibility of the child as long as he lives. It is the balance between the benefits and the risk of treatment." we sometimes don't recognize the ethical aspects of our actions because we are not acquainted with the terminology and methodology of ethics. A two year old male child is suffering from physical deformities and also is mentally retarded.com | 08823831311 . need to go to school and they are prone to be suffering from malnutrition. They even said that if there could not be any way out. 24 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Monthly expense for medication and special diet for the child is Rs 2. Medical training indoctrinates doctors to practice in ways which have their foundations in historical ethical principles. it will be better for them to let the child die. For instance. such situations are often being faced by doctors in medical profession. He can also request the authority to provide some help to either of his parents to get some other job so that he can look after the child with adequate earnings within the person’s capacity. The parents have requested for the Physician to provide any sort of help as they don’t have enough money to take care of the child. The duty of the physician is to provide necessary information to the relatives of the patient.e. The Physician informed that he would probably have lived to his fifth birthday but not more than that. 3000 to sustain their life and another 3 children with no health insurance.. On the other hand the physician may also search for options for providing help from the government if possible. He can discuss this matter with his senior members and ask them to request the concerned authority.500. This will provide some sort of help for children to survive till the age he can and also support to his parents and other children. Having taken the oath to consider the life of the patient above all." the foundational proscription of medical profession. the good of the patient is the highest law). the Doctor is in dilemma what to do? If he let the child die he will feel guilty. Available options with the Physician: In order to help the patient and his parent. Although each day we "act ethically. What should the doctor do and why? How the doctor should balance the Beneficence and non-maleficence? Hints: Ethics permeates all that we do in medicine. the Physician must at all times be conscious of the dictum: ‘aegroti salus suprema lex’ (i. co m Case Study taken from: Case of Non-Maleficence in hospitals. com | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus mapping: Strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance 25 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Reducing the aura: The red beacon is a powerful symbol for projecting powerful aura that the powerful used to exert their power and to take privileges. In public sphere in India.Change in attitude: Red beacon as a symbol of VIP reflects the attitude of people occupying higher positions. 3. power through the use of beacons. especially in smaller towns. Even lower-level politicians and officials misuse the beacons to show off their importance. 26 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. 3. 2. This created a difference between the people in the society in terms of benefits and special privileges enjoyed by them. However in some ways it will not make a difference because: 1. 2.com | 08823831311 . Stopping this will create equality among all citizens. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Answer: (a) VIP culture refers to special privileges sought by someone in position of power. etc is very much prevalent in India. Behavioural Change: There shall not be any behavioral change in the public figure by merely taking away the beacon. co m Q. vehicles with beacon lights have no place in a democratic country. Mere symbol: Red beacon is a symbol and in itself does not bestow greater powers and doing away with it won’t affect VIP culture to a large extent. So. Thus doing away with beacon may be a good measure to reduce VIP culture but it should be accompanied by instilling the ethos of public service in those occupying higher positions. We need to take steps to inculcate ethical and moral values in order to have behavioural changes. People often find these flashing lights as an example of power and VIP status rather than security aids. The rest of the VIPs are rewarded at considerable cost to the public exchequer. (b) VIP culture has its roots in colonial times where people serving at higher positions were given certain benefits. merely taking one step is not enough. red beacon is symbol of the same. Taking the beacon away will help in reducing VIP culture. there are a number of other provision that exist as special treatment. Curbing this will save a large amount of money. Save considerable cost to the public exchequer: Only those with serious threats actually need to be guarded. This VIP culture brings hatred and discomfort among the minds of general public and they feel some sort of suppression. It brings hatred and discomfort among the minds of general public. Considering the government’s decision of banning red beacons as part of curbing VIP culture will have following pros and cons: Pros of the decision 1. The public will remain calm and polite and VIPs will link to the general public at grassroots level.) The showing up off the strength. However. What are the pros and cons of the government’s decision of curbing VIP culture by banning red beacons? Do you think a certain class of people should be given special benefits and important status in the society? Give arguments in support of your answer. It has become a symbol of VIP and public servants flash it to set themselves aristocratically aside from the public they have to serve. Doing away with it will reduce this problem. Reducing difference between VIP and normal citizens: Difference between normal and red beacon vehicles serves as an indicator perpetuates VIP culture.Other privileges exist: Apart from red beacons. 4. She starts to live in fear. Recently she was summoned by the principal who tried to sexually harass her. http://www. Later. she should look up for a new job. Kavita avoids the principal and responds to his summon. She should garner the support of the other victims and approach to the higher authority like MD in case of Private school or School Inspector in case of Government school. co m So giving a certain class of people special benefits and important status in the society is not justified when it comes to creating equality among all people in the society. Hence Kavita should take a stand against this behavior of the principal and not succumb to the pressure that he is creating on her. Sexual harassment at workplace also includes – the use of language with sexual overtones.com/news/govt-bans-use-of-beacon-lights-from-may-1/article9649437. Kavita is under moral obligation as to save herself as well as to save other women in the school and towards other women also who will join later. subtle touches and innuendoes. twisted and sick mentality. Hence. invasion of private space with a male colleague hovering too close for comfort. even in case of verbal sexual harassment.com | 08823831311 . The case also involves other women working in the same school as the victim of principal’s pervert. She is a teacher of English Language. The following are the actions Kavita should take: Kavita should search for other complaints filed by some other victims in the past. Kavita needs the job very badly because her present financial condition is not sound. This is a case of physical abuse. He has now only threatened her later he can force her to consent to his pervert mind. 27 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Keeping silent over the matter can cause Kavita to be targeted by the principle again. the principal threatens her that if she raises any complaint she will lose her job.ece Case Study taken from: Sexual Harassment cases at workplace and respecting the modesty of a woman. this is a welcome step by Government in order to change the culture to reduce the gap between the ruler and those being ruled. In this case though it may seem to be an individualproblem. Kavita later finds out that there are other women in the school also who had been the victim of the principal. Kavita works in a school. Certainly. She should secure the testimony of any witnesses of incidents in writing to support her claim in front of authority. In the above case do you think Kavita is under any moral obligation? What course of action should she take in such a situation? Hints: The above case is an apparent example of sexual harassment at workplace. She somehow manages to leave his room. self respect and etiquettes at working places especially in having interactions with women (or opposite genders).html http://www. The case involves ethical values like moral responsibility. The hide and seek will not help for long as principle already has his eye on Kavita. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. the conduct of the principal is not acceptable. Taking a stand against the problem is the only way to solve it.com/Politics/KAkIh8IuNfmgcBoEREufaJ/Ministers-to-stop-using-red-beacons-sign-of- VIP-culture-fr.livemint. In order to meet her financial needs. The principal has violated the guidelines at workplace by harassing a female and hurting her dignity.thehindubusinessline. such kind of pervert advances must be appropriately dealt with. Those who occupy respectable position can be honored in various other forms other than giving them benefits like red beacons and toll exemptions at highways. However. This will also set etiquettes among the employees to deal with the colleagues and sub-ordinates with dignity and respect and also with the modesty of women. Prohibition and Redressal) Act.com | 08823831311 . A society which allows such perpetrators to scot free willingly takes its values. In case of Government school she may be transferred to other places in order to further harass her. In any case she must ensure that the perpetrator is booked and punished as per the law for her safety and for safety of other women as well. It will encourage people to take a stand against wrong irrespective of the consequences. 2013. It will restore the self respect and the modesty of all those women who are working in the same school which was violated. 28 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. if complaint does not result in senior authority or person concerned taking action. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m If in case the school is private. However. she should file a charge (FIR) with the Police under Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention. If modesty and self respect is hurt and lost then no better salary or need can restore that person and even the society as a whole. Kavita may face job lose for highlighting the issue if biased approach is taken by authority towards principal. this action of the authority will highlight another ethical and moral concern. Further. in any case she should not give up and continue her fighting for justice for herself as well as for other women in the school. Booking and punishing the perpetrators will provide fair opportunity for the women at workplace with a co-working environment. loved ones and children to the slaughter. extreme weather phenomena and the regular occurrence of natural disasters such as floods and droughts. high levels of pollution. 4.com/article/pti-stories/need-for-a-balance-between-development-and- environment-kumar-115112501138_1. Both are equally important.business-standard. development should be such that it does not harm the environment. Use of more renewable sources for fulfilling its future needs. extreme weather phenomena and the regular occurrence of natural disasters such as floods and droughts and India being a developing nation. 5. Considering the scenarios of the future that include water scarcity. However. Sensitizing people about the harmful effects of environmental degradation. one cannot afford to lose the sight of development. These two are two sides of same coin. Development can ensure clean environment if we utilize the resources in a proper manner. If one focuses on sustainable development. 3. Encouraging R&D to develop more environment friendly technologies. By taking stringent action against organizations which are not complying with environmental laws. Striking a balance between unbounded economic growth and sustainability is very crucial in present times. co m Q. Also. we need to grow and develop to the best of our natural resources use. it needs two digit growth to give jobs to unemployed people and for that we need infrastructural development. so investing in developmental programs is crucial. One cannot be compromised at the cost of the other. 2. Having regulatory bodies which assess the projects from environmental angle. India can manage its economic growth and environment sustainability in following ways: 1. We can't let our economy lag behind in this competitive world. It is essential for long term sustainability that both go hand in hand.com | 08823831311 . as India is still growing it is comparatively easy to introduce new eco-friendly technologies rather than using corrective methods afterwards. What matters most important is an inclusive and sustainable growth. To meet the needs of the increasing population. Answer: Development is a need for any economy but environment is essence of existence of life. one must think if every country keep developing itself on the cost of environment without linking the cost borne out of it with the needs of future generation. 6. Can development and sustainability of environment go hand in hand? Considering the scenarios of the future that include water scarcity. the consequences would be far more disastrous than we all can think. Either of the two cannot be chosen alone. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. one can reap the benefits of both economic development and environmental protection. It would invite inevitable problems. For eg. good environment may not ensure reduction of poverty and inequality. high levels of pollution. So development along with sustainable environment development is best way to balance the two. At the same time. http://www.html 29 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. they can be reduced only by development which ensures equal distribution of resources and equal benefits.) Limitless economic growth counters sustainability. Strengthening its supervising functions so as to identify the non compliant organization in initial stages. In this globalised era. India should make balance between its economic growth and environmental sustainability else economic growth without any environmental concerns will make us pay bigger prices in future. how can a developing country like India balance both economic development and sustainability? Give your suggestions. will provide him some relaxation or may help him getting further grant. However. he may try to manipulate and show the expenditure which will seem perfect. given the importance of program and NGOs wider reach the government has allotted the grant for establishing Aganwadi centres. You makes all efforts to identify areas where the Aganwadi centres can be established. In the above case. If the fund allocated is not used properly. ∙ If not returned. there is possibility that the money will go into the pockets of the unscrupulous people. What course of action would you take? Hints: Nonprofit organizations are considered an important part for developing countries as they fulfill range of functions such as watchdog. Now the time is around the corner to submit the accounts for the grant sanctioned and he has been able to spend only ten lakhs out of twenty alks allocated to you. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. You are the director of an NGO which looks after setting up Anganwadi centres for small children and providing MDM in schools. However even after a year. 2. He will also feel guilty morally and ethically as this action will encourage illegal practice. providing policy advice. the very purpose of project will fail. By doing this he may lose his respect of being accountable and this action will also open the gate for stakeholders for asking the bribe in future for remaining silent failing which the director will have to face consequences. The burden on the common man as taxpayers will continue to build up. the director will live in fear as if when things get exposed the credibility in the explanation for the action will cost him even more. program implementation and representing the perspective of specific communities and areas. 3. Bribing in order to hide his mistakes: When thing will not be perfect. Accountability on account: The director will be in mental trauma for not completing the project on time and maintaining the proper document to account the expenditure. 30 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. These half way projects may increase his mental pressure as there may not be record for the expenditure on paper. Account Manipulation: If accounts book are not clear. Your organization had received a grant of twenty lakhs to set up Aganwadi centres.com | 08823831311 . The annual audit requires to be presented with all details and possible rewritings for which the director is compiling the record to account for the spending. However. When you set to compile the records to account for the spending what are possible temptations you will face. In the process the director will face following temptations: 1. if accounts book are straight where in all expenses are mentioned. In this case the director should follow his conscience for being true to the nation and its people and return the unspent money back. co m Case Study taken from: Delhi government ropes in NGO for midday meals. The director should follow following course of action: ∙ The programs and policies are meant for development of the society and of country. Thus this money must not be kept and should be returned at the time of accounting so that the unused funds could be used next year. There can also be possibility that the project will be on half way and some fund has been spent on for acquiring and developing the places. you are still not able to set up the required number of Aganwadis to spend the allotted amount. But inability of the director in not establishing the centres questions his intention and capabilities. Manipulation of accounts itself is wrong in first place which will also put him under moral and ethical pressure. the director will try to manipulate the concerned stakeholders by bribing them and asking them to remain silent. com | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus mapping: Quality of service delivery 31 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. looking into the situation thoroughly. 4. without. The hospital had informed the health department about the issue but no timely action was taken.com | 08823831311 . there may be a law and order disturbance in the area. This step will help the officer to save his face from all this situation and he will not be further dragged in to the matter. There is outrage and anger among the people. (iii) Go on leave till the matter is solved so that you are not questioned for all this. This will satisfy them on the grounds that the hospital is looking in to the matter. Setting up a committee to enquire into the matter. But. Cancelling the licence of the agency will pacify the people who have turned aggressive due to death of their children. But this is the most coward step one could ever take to escape responsibility. Discuss them with merits and demerits suggesting what course of action would you take? Your course of action could be different than the options given below. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. This is a violation of basic human values like empathy. (i) Suspending doctors from the hospital who were on duty that night. Go on leave till the matter is solved so that you are not questioned for all this. (iv) Cancelling the licence of the gas agency so that a strong message is sent among people. Suspending doctors from the hospital who were on duty that night. The people have blocked the road and are lying with the dead bodies of their children. This will lead to giving a message that the hospital administration is taking the issue seriously and has shown quick action. it is not advisable to cancel the licence as it is very much possible that there is no fault of gas agency. The parents who have lost their children may not want to wait for such a long time. this step is like an action without finding out who is to be held accountable for the situation. Cancelling the licence of the gas agency so that a strong message is sent among people. There has been death of around 20 children in a hospital in your area due to shortage of oxygen supply. If timely action is not taken. But. 32 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. But. Setting up an enquiry committee will enable the hospital administration or the government to fix accountability and find out whether this is a case of dereliction of duty. It is not necessary it’s the doctors on duty who are at fault. co m Q. The civil servant is expected to perform his duties and he just can not go on leave when the small children in the area are dying. It is the whole administration which is at fault. 2. The parents may be pacified due to the quick action.) You are posted as DM in a remote area in a state. (ii) Setting up a committee to enquire into the matter. 3. Any such action should be taken only after thorough inquiry in to the matter. Answer: The hospital administration or the doctors on duty can not alone be held responsible for the death of all children. (v) Talking to the parents and assuring them a timely action would be taken. The government in power does not want the issue to come to light. The various options along with their merits and demerits are discussed as: 1. Given below are some of the options. The agency supplying the gas had warned the hospital administration several times but the hospital did not take it seriously. This will also send a signal to the gas agency if it is at fault as it will cancel its future contracts. this is a time taking step and the situation can turn violent or aggressive by the time the committee submits its report. com/india/gorakhpur-hospital-tragedy-live-60-children-died-in-5-days-up-govt-faces- flak-from-opposition-3921401. He should talk with the district administration in this regard.firstpost. taking the people into confidence is important so that they have a trust in the hospital administration. A press conference can be organized to tell them about real time situation. Talking to the parents and giving them updates about the action taken by hospital administration will pacify them to some extent. The officer should have a meeting with the parents who have lost their children and sympathize with them. Having a thorough probe into the matter is important before arriving at some decision.ndtv. Talking to the parents and assuring them a timely action would be taken. They are in need of being assured that the hospital regrets the failure that has occurred. In such cases. A committee consisting of experts should be set up to look into the matter and strict action should be taken action those who are found guilty. co m 5. Negligence can not be tolerated when it comes to the value of a life.com | 08823831311 . Steps should also be taken that no further loss of life occurs. Ensuring the people that a timely action will be taken. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y.com/india-news/30-babies-children-die-in-uttar-pradeshs-gorakhpur-hospital-1736670 33 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] http://www. The DM should not be in haste while taking any action. http://www. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Syllabus mapping: Codes of Conduct 34 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 . There was no display regarding the time of duty of the doctors in the ward. The staff should be punctual must report to duty on time. When you discussed this with the staff. In the above case. you came to know about the poor state of hospital. what all points will you focus upon? Draft a code of conduct in above case. This will ensure that every body comes to the hospital at time and is punctual in its duties. They should be polite to the patients and should extend due courtesy to women and senior citizen. The staff is not punctual when it comes to timings. you came to know some of the doctors had private clinics and came to hospital only after visiting patients there. 7. Such wrong practices usually develop over a long time. they should be told that the steps have been taken to maintain discipline and punctuality in the hospital. the hospital administration should ensure to have a code of conduct for its staff. They must wear their uniform/Apron while on duty. These should be cleaned properly before use. While developing a Code of conduct for the hospital staff. Answer: The deteriorating working environment at any work place does not get developed in a period of one and two days.com/city/noida/only-6-docs-for-200-patients-at-dadri-community-health- centre/articleshow/60126779.) You are posted as a senior officer in health department. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. They should also display their names/designations on their uniforms.indiatimes. Timely monitoring of the situation by conducting regular rounds to see the working atmosphere in the hospital The above code of conduct will bring discipline and a sense of professionalism in the hospital premises and may enhance the image of the hospital in the eyes of the people. One day during a visit to government hospital. Action should be initiated against the doctors who practice in private hospitals. This will ensure a discipline among the staff. While the staff may think that it has been enforced to curtail their freedom and rights. The patients told you that the doctors rarely come on time for the regular round in the ward. 6. While performing indoor services they must take care to ailing patients and children with compassion. 2. 3. Do you think there should be code of conduct of doctors and other staff in hospitals like those for civil servants? If you are to make such a code of conduct. if they do not adhere to the warning given to them. The administration should monitor the hospital premises regularly. The uniform of the other staff was also not proper. co m Q.cms 35 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. failing which they could be penalized. 5. 4. They should not enter in to unnecessary arguments with patients and their colleagues. They should be very honest and professional while handling medical stores and other materials of hospital. the following points should be focused upon: 1. http://timesofindia. The staff should maintain complete discipline and abide by directions of doctors/physician/surgeons 8.com | 08823831311 . Adhering to a set of guidelines will help to bring the things back to normal. Neither the details were disclosed because the law demanded nor it was done with any permission. and secrecy while delivering duty. Y though. It was a criminal and non ethical act done by Z. Z has no business poking her nose into someone else’s affair. She should have asked her husband in peaceful manner even after visiting her and knowing the truth. however. She should have taken up the matter in more balanced and conducive manner especially if she wanted her family to be involved. She lands up at P’s house and is even more annoyed to find that P has been hospitalized because she is expecting a baby. Hiding things. movement and any other possible sources. In her frustration. Y should have taken X into confidence concerning his half sister by telling her everything about his sister in advance. she suspects about X’s husband being extra marital affairs and would have advised X to investigate in proper way like checking time. no matter the depth of the friendship. It would have avoided misunderstanding. Q. P’s account does not reflect a fixed monthly deposit from any other source. There was no moral obligation to pass on such information. However. However. Is she right in doing so because someone has to take the step out to make a change? She should have restricted herself to personal blogging that way no one questions her freedom of expression? She must step out in the open and fully take the cause in her hands. Vasundhara who works in the Cabinet in the human resource department finds the whole cacophony distasteful. She chose to act impulsively on the word of a third party. She decides to express her thoughts on the present situation on her personal blog and in the printed media to spread awareness on the matter. Z who works in a bank has a code of ethics to follow being an employee. No bank would allow its confidential data to be breached. there is a code of conduct to follow which includes maintaining neutrality. Z notices that every month Y deposits a fixed amount into one’s (P’s) account. Z passes on this information to X. especially in marriage can spell its doom. Was it just a blunder or was an ethical duty done by X and Z? Justify.com | 08823831311 . nothing concrete is being done by the government. The situation did not demand ‘how could you’.) X and Y are married to each other and own a business together. 36 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. She would have told that. What is your take on Vasundhara’s action? Explore the following option and suggest the suitable action (other than the mentioned also if need be) with proper justification. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. The reports are coming at regular intervals from the media. Even the bill on quota reservation for women keeps getting shelved. She should have had it verified from Y without creating a scene. S/he committed two mistakes. even if she felt morally obliged owing to her friendship she should have thought some other appropriate way to hint the issue without disclosing any information about the customer. co m Q. Hints: Being an employee of organisation. Government has taken some steps in its bid to improve the situation. the steps still lacks concrete measures. X is upset but chooses to confront P first. However. taken aback replies that P is her half sister and he hid this fact in order to avoid any ill feelings concerning his late father. S/he violated the code of ethics by not keeping customer details confidential. it is not wise to go by emotions. Perhaps that is why the head is on top of the body. Maintaining trust is important because it takes time to build. X storms into her house where Y is with his relatives and confronts him to know the truth. It is but natural to feel betrayed. such things definitely should not be hidden. There should nothing be secret between a husband and wife. This is for the sake of organizational reputation as well as to maintain persons’ privacy. Moreover.) Crime against women is on the rise in the Capital and also in some other parts of India. Z is X’s friend who works in a bank. X should not have acted rashly on the information received from Z. She put the bank’s credibility in danger. every individual has the right to express yet it cannot be abused given certain restriction as per the constitution under Article 19. However she may choose instead to use the available means to appropriately voice her thoughts. Still it may not solve the problem. to speaking in public or writing for a publication either officially or out of work. Bureaucrats should refrain from expressing their opinions on political matters especially on public media. Social media is a public forum and the same considerations would apply as. and not to take part in any political or other public activity which compromises. but they always need to be mindful of our duties not to disclose official information without authority. 37 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. As a bureaucrat her opinion matters the most. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. They straightway move towards rebellion. Stepping out in the open and taking the cause in her hands may be a good step if at all she is in complete disagreement with the current handling of the situation. our impartial service to the government of the day or any future government. say. Even if she would write on her blog only. co m Hints: The Government though has taken various measures in order to improve the condition but it still lacks in bringing the desired result on ground. Vasundhra taking lead to make some out of the box changes by means of blogging and going into printed media in her capacity will be using official position or influence to use media for her own benefits. It does not remind that a bureaucrat is not a political figure and she has to work within the framework. Of course. She can highlight the importance of the issue and points towards benefits if women are given equal rights and if their status is improved. it would violate the code of conduct of being a public servant and to keep secrecy with the official subjects. What Vasundhara can do in her capacity is to persuade the government to take concrete measures. She must not be entangled in any political mudslinging or create any political division of opinion. but it will create a rift within the party and she may become a dissident to the ruling party. She may even choose step down by resigning from her position and go her way to show her anger and disagreement. As a Civil Servant she must do what is in her capacity. The simple rule to remember is that the principles covering the use of social and other digital media by civil servants in both a work and personal capacity are the same as those that apply for any other activity. She cannot model defiance in her capacity. In social media the boundaries between professional and personal are often more blurred – so it’s important to be particularly careful. The entire focus might move on her becoming as dissident and there would be no end to the political shades with which the whole event will be covered. It may or may not create awareness.com | 08823831311 . Perhaps she can take the matter to her superiors directly or by making use of the right channel she can raise her voice. or might be seen to compromise. Thought civil servants are (of course) free to use social and other digital media in our own time. She must not overstep over boundary defined by the norms. In the above case. The options given do not take into account the responsibility of a bureaucrat to a large extent. com | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus mapping: Philosophical basis of governance and probity 38 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. You do not want to become accountable and continue to enjoy power and authority unrestricted. and hence he gave up after a point of time. However. Also. What about your health condition. If you are serious bring an effective bill and pass it we will arrange a public felicitation for both ruling & opposition parties. Government can not escape the vigilance of its aware citizens. However. Y : Not only I am aware. X had limited mandate. I am fine and I am in best of my health. We have already submitted a draft bill for consideration of govt. Source:(in light of government not clearing bills even after promises) 39 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. and i. Y : (Laughing again) says we all know the attitude of govt. X appears to be little resistive says before bringing the bill we had examined it from legal angle and all political parties were concerned. Y : intervened and cut short X and says no. co m Q. Y had a lot of cognitive and social resources at his command besides he was a knowledgeable person and hence could not be easily persuaded upon. X also revealed how opposition parties are fishing in troubled water. govt. There is a young social activist in your area who is sitting on a fast since last 10 days against the fact that the bill has not been brought. Throughout my social life I have fought many battles and this one is no exception (laughs). I hope you might be aware of the content of bill. Mr. The government sends you as its representative to convince him to give upon the fast. Why do such talks between government and the leaders reach stagnant level after some time and the government fails to convince such activists of its intentions? Answer: With increasing awareness among the citizens. They are playing a friendly match which has been fixed. why govt. In this case. How will you convince him to bring the fast to an end? Write in dialogue form.) With the increasing awareness among the people. He is having wide people's support. if I have to give up my life for a noble cause. This is what you people are doing for the last 50 years. and of opposition parties.com | 08823831311 . X: Your concern against corruption has been noticed by govt. X: (Visibly disturbed by Y's reply) pleaded him to abandon the fast and provide govt. I will never give up the fast rather will prefer to die for the noble cause.e. There is an established procedure of law making and govt. the accountability of the government has increased. but people are also aware about the content of bill and also about intention of govt. is concerned and worried about your state of health and that is why has sent me to request you to give up the fast. The meeting abruptly ends. the accountability of the government towards its citizens has increased. such talks between government and the leaders reach stagnant level after some time and the government fails to convince such activists of its intentions because these activists are aware of the intentions of the government and they usually lack faith in the assurances of the government. proposes to bring a bill to this effect in the next session of parliament. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. the dialogue between the representative sent by the government and the social activist is as follows: X: Good morning Y. may not do anything under pressure. The government in your area promised to bring a bill for bringing transparency in the system and challenging corruption. Nobody can break my resort at this stage. an opportunity. It is better you give up the fast and wait for outcome of deliberation in parliament. Y: Thank you for visiting me. I will not have any regret. The state or any such entity has no right to perform surveillance upon an individual without rightful cause and authority. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Liberty and Dignity – Dignity to citizens come from liberty to make choices. It can be said that as long as the individuals do not cause harm to the society. The citizens have been given certain fundamental rights which can not be taken so easily by the state and the interference of state in those rights is not justified in a country like ours. So by imposing restriction so as to protect the morality of the society. but the state cannot be given supreme authority to dictate its citizens about what to eat. Do you think the role of state when it comes to imposing some sort of restrictions on the food and living habits of its citizens is justified? Critically comment. Such restrictions can be justified upto a certain extent. co m Q. Answer: Right to privacy is supreme in India. what they want to eat. It is like dictating the people as per the whims of the government which cannot be justified in a country like India. Parental governance – Telling people what is good for their health will amount to parental governance. It lets the state snoop inside the personal domain of a person and regulate or judge his personal life and choices which cannot be justified in a country like ours. the state should respect the voluntary choices made by them. It's upon an individual to decide what is good for him. State is responsible to maintain an equal and just society.com | 08823831311 . The right to privacy which covers a wider ambit when taken in broad sense has been guaranteed by even the Supreme Court. 40 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. what to wear and what to choose. It interferes with an individual’s dignity to carry on with his life in the manner which he thinks is righteous. the state should not dictate his choices) 3. The right to freedom of the citizens and their right to privacy has to be respected by the government. The state should not interfere in those choices. drink and wear. It cannot go on imposing restrictions on a particular class of people just to appease a particular section. 2.) The people are the ultimate authority in any democracy and they are given certain fundamental rights which cannot be taken by the state. 2. A good democratic set up is one in which personal liberty is given primacy. But there are some concerns which are related to it which are as follows: 1. Do you think state imposing restrictions on food and living habits of people in a democratic country is justified? Give arguments in support of your answer. (as long as he does not cause harm to others. The state interfering in the personal and voluntary choices of the individuals also raises following issues: 1. it is fulfilling it’s duty. are such restrictions reasonable? OR Government should respect the voluntary choices made by individuals when it comes to their food and living style as right to freedom comes at supreme in a country like India. Upto what extent. Government should respect the choice of its citizens when it comes to how they want to live. The government’s decision of imposing some sort of restrictions on the food and eating habits of the citizens can be justified on the ground of social morality – As government is also a stakeholder in building ethical and moral practices in society. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y.com | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus mapping: Work culture 41 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. He tells you that punctuality comes first even if people are doing their work efficiently. This will motivate the staff to come on time when they observe that their boss is coming to officer earlier than them every day. Set personal examples This can be done by the officer by himself coming to office on time. Asking them to change the timing may be taken by them in a wrong manner. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. This may be taken in other direction that they may not do work properly as a means of soft protest against the action taken by the officer. Being efficient is a valued attribute of a civil servant but this is not a license to be less punctual. 2. 5. This will act as a precautionary step rather than taking disciplinary action in first instance. You know that your staff though comes late but is well efficient in work and their coming late to office doesn’t have any negative effect on work. co m Q. Taking strict action without nay notice will be discouraging for the staff and it may lead to compromise on the work efficiency. 4. However. 3. The various options available before the officer are as follows: 1. The officer should tell its staff that punctuality is also an important attribute which is expected from them despite work efficiency. 42 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Let the things go on as they are If the things are let to go on as they are. The reward for being efficient comes in many different forms and the rules do not permit to compensate failure in punctuality with efficiency.) You are posted in a government office. one of your friend who is in other department advices you to be strict with you staff. they might decrease their work efficiency. This will motivate them to come on time. punctuality cannot be compromised upon. it is also possible that they may not change their habit on the pretext that they are efficient in their work. Your staff is not punctual when it comes to timings as the last officer had no complaints about late coming as long as people did their work efficiently. Thus.com | 08823831311 . But. Initiate action against those who come late This will send a strong signal to those not coming on time and the staff will mend its ways. Giving rewards to those coming on time Giving incentive and appreciation to those who are punctual will promote this behavior among others too. and it is possible that despite coming to office on time. Failure in punctuality of an efficient staff cannot be ignored even if he is efficient. What will you do? Will you follow your friend’s advice and be strict with your staff? Discuss the various options that are available to you along with their merits and demerits suggesting which course of action would you take and why? Answer: It is not proper to see a trade. even though the staff is doing its work efficiently. the staff will continue to work efficiently as it is doing presently. in the above case.off between efficiency and punctuality because these issues are mutually exclusive. Giving them warning for coming late The officer should first give a warning to its staff for coming late and tell them about the importance of coming to office at time. http://indianexpress. The staff should be told that being productive at work does not mean that one should undermine the punctuality. it is very much possible for government or private officials to miss their punctuality targets occasionally.Training and motivational sessions to make people more aware about their duties and responsibilities and rewards and incentives to punctual officers would prove more effective in the medium and long run. Disciplinary action is a short term solution to the problem but in no way it would work in the long run. It is a part of office conduct rules that one must come on time. In any office. this would motivate them.com | 08823831311 .com/article/india/work-culture-in-central-govt-offices-has-changed-under-nda-pm-modi- 4770131/ 43 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. He should act as a role model for them. But this cannot be made a daily affair. Nevertheless coming and going on time cannot be seen as isolated from involvement and performance of an employee in the assigned task and duties. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m The officer should first set personal examples before the staff by coming to office on time. 3. Next day you get a call from a local politician that you should apologise to the party workers else you will be transferred to a remote area. (iii) Be firm on your stand and decide to go to your new posting. This option will stop the transfer and she can live comfortably in the city along with her husband. There should not be separate rules for ruling party and common people. he should be punished like a common citizen. They ask you to leave them or ask you to be ready to face the consequences. However.com | 08823831311 . the performance of public duty lies at the top. sends a signal in the society that no one is above the law and rules are same for everyone. Apologise from the leader so that you are not transferred. she should not compromise on the main motive with which she had joined the service. While joining any public service. Being firm on the point that anyone who violates the law or rules will have to face the consequences. they start misbehaving with you.) You are posted as DSP who is known for his integrity and sense of duty. 2. and she should not let pressure from the politician affect herdevotion and honesty towards the public duty. Discuss them with their merits and demerits. Be firm on your stand and decide to go to your new posting. It is performance of duty which matters most. Given below are some options. so for getting posting in a good metro city. But. No place is as such good or bad. You find two people violating traffic rules and when you give them challan. Even your husband advises you to apologise. When you insist. they tell you they belong to ruling party and refuse to pay challan. You have a heated argument with them. she should not apologise merely to stop her transfer. co m Q. Asks your husband who also knows some senior minister to help you get out of the matter. This will also motivate the youth who will join the service and she can be an example for all of them. she should have thought while imposing challan on those people. This option will also enable her not to face any problem in her personal life as she will be posted in the same city as her husband. This will not affect her personal life. the officer was performing his duty. (ii) Asks your husband who also knows some senior minister to help you get out of the matter. this is again breach of public responsibility. In the above case. Answer: While holding any public office. this is like succumbing to the pressure created by the people belonging to the ruling party. If she has not done anything that is wrong. (i) Apologise from the leader so that you are not transferred. If somebody has broken the law. (iv) Highlighting the matter in the media to get more people support. If she cannot be prepared to serve in a remote area. it is no assurance that one will always get to serve in a metro city. You have lived all your life in metro cities. The options along with their merits and demerits are discusses as: 1. This will send a wrong signal in the society that she defied public duty for her personal interests. as he has a permanent job in the city and if you are transferred you might face family problems. It should not be influenced due to political pressure and or any other external factor. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. 44 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Also suggest which course of action would you take and why? Your course of action could be different from the options given below. Though this will create some imbalances between her and her husband’s schedule since both of them will be posted in different cities. How will you manage to such security scenario? Hints: India-Bangladesh border is considered to be the craziest border on earth due to its being very porous in nature. concrete road. the people use to carry the patients on their shoulders across the border where Border Guards of Bangladesh stops them for security reasons which delay patient’s treatment. and nearest Indian town falls about 100 km away from the village. Bordering areas are too sensitive and causes security problems. The village lacks basic facilities like Hospital. the ruling party may present a different picture and clear picture is not brought to the public. killing. A district magistrate has authority to do many things and if he wants he can transform the village into modern one. she can visit her husband on weekends and thus can maintain a balance between public and personal life. The motive behind division was divide and rule by the Britishers which was backed by the false idea of better administration. Due to its porous in nature and in proximity with the villages of Bangladesh.in/154225/ips-rule-of-law-shrestha-thakur/ Case Study taken from: Village without borders in West Bengal on Bangladesh Border. the government is unable to device any infrastructural 45 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. school. ‘Jaridharla’ is a village on the extreme north-eastern side of India-Bangladesh border where local residents use to cross the border to reach a town ‘Moghulhat’ (just a 15 minute walk away) in Bangladesh to get even the basic necessities of day to day living. Highlighting the matter in the media to get more people support. This will bring the matter to the light and the people will have an idea about what is going on. She is firm on her stand of imposing challan on them. She should tell that she is true and devoted to the public duty and she will be more happy serving in a remote area. There also she will continue to perform her duty with same honesty and integrity. smuggling etc. Often in emergency. drinking water facilities. http://indianexpress. Though this will not stop her transfer but she will have an assurance that she is recognized among the people for her good work. Open border with Bangladesh has many of such implications and caused many such damages in local areas like robbery. It is possible that while the matter is being highlighted to the media. The best course of action for the officer will be to tell the politician that those people have violated law and she has not done anything which is wrong.com | 08823831311 . The area falls under your jurisdiction of being a district collector. The people of the village have no other option then to cross the border to get their health checkup and necessary medicines. Consider the following statement: 1. The facilities at the Indian side of the border are in very poor condition. However. The border between the two nations has been drawn by Sir Cyril Radcliffe in haste manner without having any ethical and moral consideration through the over populated regions of the country. co m 4.100 km of border hastily drawn around one of the most densely populated region. As far as the concern about being posted at a far away place. Because of endless zigging and zagging it constitutes the world’s fifth-longest border. since its division the region has been in problems drawing ethical and emotional concern over the people residing on both sides. How will you act in this situation and what contribution will you make for the village? 3. In the above facts what course of actions do you think are possible? 2. police station and so on. Both countries share 4.com/article/india/up-woman-cop-transferred-after-taking-on-bjp-leaders-here-are-other- officers-who-met-similar-fate-under-yogi-govt-4733723/ https://thewire. The ethical principles involved are pitiable condition. hospitals. Strict vigilance should be kept over border crossing and cross border dealings. the Superintendent finds that the doctors were not found on duty. schools. banks. the government should establish the necessary facilities in all the villages or community of villages with proper availability of men and materials and then further action should be taken. proper infrastructure for schools. and market will become available in long run. autonomy and vulnerability etc. For security management. there was no proper display of duty timings and shifts.) A newly appointed Medical Superintendent of a district Government Hospital receives complaints about the negligent attitude of the doctors in times of casualties. right to live with dignity. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. textbooks. doctors. no administrative set-up to provide facilities like police stations. The relatives of the patients complained about the negligent attitude of the doctors. violates their human right. India did not have access to these enclaves in Bangladesh. The DM should slowly start availing basic facilities in the villages. as they are being kept away from their rights. roads. Sending doctors periodically. 46 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. co m development in the region. courts. What do you propose the Medical Superintendent should do? Evaluate various options and suggest suitable measures to improve the condition. 1. The local people should be asked to participate in maintaining security scenarios. establishing health camp. It was only in 2014 that bill ratifying Indira-Mujibur or ‘land boundary agreement’ was passed in Indian Parliament which handed over the concerned land to the respective country. Police chowkis should be established at disturbing points. There were 111 Indian enclaves in Bangladesh and 51 enclaves of Bangladesh in India. Incidentally it is the only hospital in the city and the vicinity for the poor and needy. courts. Q. the situation should be dealt with utmost sensitivity. While on the round in the hospital. But considering the emotional contact among the people of the region. free availability of medicines. and hence. right to access even the basic necessities etc. the recent decision of the Government of India for fencing the entire border across the borderline is a welcome move to stop illegal infiltration and curb illicit trade activities. For the District Magistrate. from immediate effect to deal with the situation in short run. making availability of drinking water etc. the things become easier as he/she has the authority do many things as he/she is the custodian of public funds. establishment of Public Distribution shops. medical shops.com | 08823831311 . the transportation facilities and other necessary requirement such as concrete roads. agricultural workers. schools. the people used to cross the border informally in order to do the work of daily wage manual labourers. The District Magistrate has the delegated authority to deal effectively with the situation. First. markets. establishing gram panchayats and empowering its members. big hospital with modern facilities. As the things will gradually develop. even the currency used and the national anthem sung etc. The above case involves pathetic conditions of the people residing near the border areas of Bangladesh where there was no medical facility available even after 70 years of India’s independence. etc. Until recently. However. The patients are not properly attended. The people of the region should be dealt with sensitivity and compassionable manner. Legal facts in this case involved are absence of facilities impacts general masses. The people dwelling near by the border area used to cross the border in order to get access of things such as snacks. to their residents could be established there. Summon an official meeting of doctors. competence and integrity. MS. If in long run. Summoning meeting and discussing the issue in detail will work in positive context. Administrative control of hospital. MO and other staff members. Warning should be given to the doctors who were found absent from their duties. the doctors continue negligence then the officer can issue a show cause notice and ask for written explanation for the same. However. This will also provide a premise and proof to further investigate and work out a solution. The doctors should be told about the gravity of the situation and how the health services in the nearby area are affected due to their negligent attitude. 2. In this regard Medical Superintendent has following options: 1. 4. The officer should warn the doctors for any negligent activities in future and possible consequences. co m Hints: Health is of utmost important for human life to survive and flourish. But the condition in most of the government hospital in general is far away from better. 3. The possibilities are also that. 2. EHO and higher authorities. importance of human life. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Answerable to Chief Medical Superintendent & Head of Department (Secondary Health Care Services). dedicated staff and many other things. Ignore the complaints and let the situation continue. The MS should go on rounds periodically in the hospital and have an assessment of the situation. Co-ordination with Dy. ∙ The suitable measure for the problem seems to be discussing the matter with the hospital staff and then coordinating between various health departments. The officer should also try to know the reasons for such negligence from doctors and try to fix their problems by subsequently informing the higher authorities. but regular inspection of the hospital will certainly help a lot in improving the health facilities in the hospital. Relieving doctors may invoke fear of harsh punishment in the light of problem. This will also undermine officer’s moral and ethical values as he is also involved in serving the people. this step is a consensual one which requires doctors agreeing on the same. proper management. This attitude will further worsen the situation as doctors will take it as official grant to be absent and run away from duties. By doing this superintendent will fail to deliver his/her duty as an administrative officer. improvement of existing facilities and implementation of the same. 4. any casualties will question his/her ability to deal with the problems. The duty of the newly appointed Medical Superintendent is four fold such as: 1. Proposal for expansion. This will clear the cloud to a large extent and will help to address the core issue appropriately. 47 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. As he is answerable to higher authorities. In the above case of negligence by doctors in times of casualties is a gross violation of human rights which questions the ethical values of doctors like their oath towards service. Relieving the doctors who were found absent from their duties. Sr. The people have a basic right to health services in hospitals. This will also make the patients more vulnerable as no doctors will be available to treat them and handle the casualties. There should be regular and timely monitoring of the situation. the doctors will work seriously for some day and may continue their earlier attitude of negligence. 3. Incentivising those who are performing their duties effectively will motivate others to do so in the longer run. They lack Good Infrastructure.com | 08823831311 . Though the things will take time to improve. This action also undermines officer’s ability and puts the facilities in hospital stand still. co m Case Study taken from: The recent Uttarakhand Floods and sorry state of affairs for some of the families. community resilience practices need to be taken into consideration. Q. The local MLA should also contact the officials and senior functionaries of the state government to draw their attention towards sorry state of affairs in his constituency to tackle any such incidents in future. This will help children to overcome the problems along with ensuring their proper development. You have come to know that five members of a family have been washed away in flash flood and only two children of the poor family having age of 12 years and 8 years have survived. 2. Involving NGOs and Local Activists: He can make a request NGOs and Social Service groups to come forward and correspond to rescue and rehabilitation work. State and Central help: Being an MLA he certainly has less amount on his hand to correct the situation in comparison to a Member of Parliament. Asking Industrial and Business houses to help through allocating several funds towards their social responsibility can also be thought as an option. You are local MLA and in your Constituency majority of your electorates are from weaker section of society. 3. This will help to maintain adequate fund allocation and devise expert disaster risk reduction mechanism on the ground to tackle the situation effectively. The two surviving children who lost their rest of the family members might be in shock knowing nothing to deal with the situation. The case involves responsibility towards citizens. Local MLA should try to arrange short term assistance and locate if any close relatives could take the burden of children. from his part he should try to help the people as much as possible. you find the situation to be very pathetic.com | 08823831311 . Disaster risk reduction becomes a locally-specific solution strategy wherein specificities. On the spot visit. 4. Being the local representative. And at the same time. He can also make a recommendation or urge the state govt. Immediate help: He may seek help from the District Disaster Rehabilitation Team and State Disaster Rehabilitation Team to control the situation as soon as possible. he can show sympathy to win the heart of the people in order to consolidate them and support them mentally and emotionally in grief situation. How you would handle the situation. The MLAAD fund can also be used to rescue and rehabilitate the people and control the situation by reducing its imoact. The children are weeping bitterly as they have nothing to eat and depend upon. to request the centre for more fund allocation. ∙ In this case first and foremost action of the MLA should be to provide rehabilitation facilities to the affected families. During the visit. humanity and rights of the citizens as far as ethical values are concerned. Asking Child Care NGOs to help children: In case when no relatives are found or are ready to take responsibility. 5. Discuss various options that are available before you? What course of action would you take and why? Hints: ∙ The above case reflects the sorry state of affairs for the people of constituency and especially for the two surviving children who lost their parents. Providing support to children: The families will be in emotional trauma for losing near and dear one. region specific issues. 48 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily.) Your state has been witnessing on and off Monsoon showers for quite some time now. This will boost emotional support among children. Though it might provide a short term solution but it may not offer a long term commitment and assistance. he should ask the state cabinet to focus on the incidents and provide adequate rehabilitation and development facilities. empathy. Though. Also steps should be taken to ensure the continuity of education of children and their well being so that when grown they can better survive on their own. the MLA should ask NGOs to take care of the children and avail them facilities for their development. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. the various options that are available before the MLA can be discussed as: 1. Disaster risk reduction is a long term process entailing a wide coverage of issues and understanding of multiple dimensions of communities’ vulnerability and resilience. violation of which brings chaos in society and hampers its growth. Do you think. Compromising will encourage the person more in future to violate the law and come out clean further jeopardizing the law and order situation. One Evening. Asking for bribe: this will prove him to be a corrupt and will also send a bad influence on those who are trying to do their duty honestly. The policeman is in dilemma as the driver may work as influence for the policemen for getting some personal benefits with the support of MLA. the policeman is certainly under moral obligation for maintaining law and order on the road. He should let the driver go: If the policeman simply let him go. As a public servant he is supposed to uphold the law and twist the law. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. This will also encourage the driver in future to violate traffic rules and go free by bribing the traffic police or favouring their small personal intensions. honesty. For smooth movement. corruption and other anti- human and social elements will be encouraged by it. The case raises the ethical concerns like integrity. He was driving faster than the prescribed speed limit. His deviation from the duty will lead to chaos like condition on the road and pose safety threat for people. Hence the policeman should maintain probity in his profession. It will cause the public to lose trust in a law enforcement agency. Yet as a public servant who is to safeguard the citizens. they need to keep vigilance on people following rules and regulation in proper manner for safety concern of all. He jumped a red light and consequently he was stopped by the traffic police officer. Unaccounted money is curse for the development of nation and hence the policeman should not indulge in such practices. it certainly will send a wrong signal especially when he is trying to bargain in this situation. responsibility and model code of conduct on part of the policeman as well as responsibility and obeying rules on part of the driver. This will compromise his integrity as well as responsibility for being as the watchdog of rules. Under the given circumstances the policeman has following options: 1. Integrity and code of conduct are important part of duty and are highly recommendable for civil servants to maintain in times of need. it will imply him of being an opportunist (which may not be wrong always). 4. It will also encourage elements who would want to abuse the law for their own greedy and selfish ends. Moreover. 2. In the above case. The traffic police is meant to facilitate/manage smooth movement of vehicles on road. the policeman should take appropriate action as per his authority and power and without any discrimination. 3. Dealing on the ground in-front of public will also set wrong precedence among other people. The above case is a pure violation of traffic rules by the MLA’s driver which demands him to be punished. it will imply him being biased. Taking strict action: This is necessary in order to punish the driver and send a positive message that anyone who violates the law will be punished irrespective of his profession and influence. The policeman confronted the driver and proceeded to write challan for the offence. It will disillusion those in the agency who are honestly and genuinely trying to enforce the law. The driver stopped him from writing the challan and blatantly informed him that he is the driver of the state MLA. driver of the state MLA was driving his personal vehicle within the limits of the city. He should strike a deal with the driver for personal gain in return: if the policeman tries to strike a deal with the driver. If anyone violates these rules. This will also highlight his conflict of interest for personal gain by favouring driver. co m Case Study taken from: BJP MLA confronts with traffic cop for not letting car enter one-way route in Lucknow. policeman is under certain obligation? What are the various options available to him? What suggestion you would like to provide to policeman in order to help him overcome from dilemma? Hints: Rules and regulations are set for smooth functioning of day to day life which is meant to be same for all (equality before law).com | 08823831311 . 49 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. com | 08823831311 . 50 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. It will make the perpetrators either realize or think twice while breaking the laws and repeating the same action again. co m Suggestion for Policeman: In order to maintain his integrity and fair duty for people. the police man should penalize the driver by charging challan and the respective amount of punishment as per the challan. Enforcing the law by issuing the penalty receipt will send a positive message about the law enforcement agency. Such action will also impose faith of the people in the law which is framed to safeguard the interests of its civilians. It will most certainly be the right step against corruption. function. its influence and relation with thought and behavior 51 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus mapping: Attitude: content. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. structure. If she needs help. like other village men. Caste and gender based discrimination are still prevalent and despite earning a political position women are denied their due respect.Patriarchy dominated Indian society is gradually accepting the equal role of women in society. but this right ends there. if the husband is still not convinced. educates them about their powers and responsibilities and also links them with the government. http://www. When you ask the villagers about it. she may need to be tough and take responsibilities more and more in a gradual fashion to remove these complaints. You decide to have a meeting with her. The positive effects of this decision of the government can be discussed as: 1. the real power is usurped by their husbands.livemint. 3. awakens women to their selfhood and human right.) You are CEO of Zila Parishad. More participation of women in decision making at panchayat level has led to increase in confidence and autonomy of women.html 52 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. This rightful share in political power gave them voice and feeling of solidarity with removing gender imbalance and bias at the grass root levels. reserving a required number of seats for women has not proved much effective. Behavioural changes . you go to inspect a gram sabha meeting in a village which is headed by a female sarpanch. Thus. This reservation scheme for women has certainly brought some positive changes in women empowerment. when you meet her. she needs protection of a man. (ii) However. it is never justified to interfere in the jurisdiction of a village headwoman.com/Politics/ox19icOMDH2GXxpUFVne7H/Women-and-panchayats. This women participation. they tell you that its her husband who takes all decisions and attends the meetings. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. she should be supported by the husband and even others. but still we need to take steps to give real power in the hands of the women. She as a wife should use her clout with her husband to convince him that she is capable of taking her responsibilities and she would honestly seek his help when in confusion or crisis. when seen at the ground root level. ”The Sarpanch Pati” depriving them of any meaningful gains. co m Q. 2. The males are still overwhelmed by patriarchal attitude and seem to be ignorant about the innate capabilities of women. While women got political representation. but interference or usurping the authority is not only illegal but immoral too. Do you think the real motive of the government behind providing reservation to women in Panchayats has failed? Is the husband’s interference in this case justified? What should she do to convince her husband that she can handle the work herself? Answer: The 73rd constitutional amendment mandated minimum 33 percent reservation for women at panchayat level in order to ensure their participation in the governance at local level. they would not be able to match the requirements of a public position. even if she is in public life. Men always think in a patriarchal or conventional set up that since women are physically soft. But at the same time. But. though the reservation has proved to be effective in increasing women participation. she tells that her husband does most of the things as he thinks that being a female she can not handle the work of being a headwomen. However. (iii) The village headwoman is a public figure as well as a wife. There has also been increase in more and more Women led SHGs which shows increasing voice of women in political and social life. The decision should be allowed to be taken by the village headwoman with the advice and consensus of village men. One day. you find her absent in the meeting. Also there is a psychology that one should not allow women to interact with men alone for the reasons of security. Husband is also a stake holder.com | 08823831311 . How will you pacify the young couples? Evaluate various options and suggest what course of action will you take? Hints: Introduction: In a liberal and democratic society. He should seek their confidence and assure that action will be taken against those who are found guilty in the incident.com | 08823831311 . They cannot coerce anyone under the grab of culture to submit to their ways. However. But fighting against them requires strong will on the part of the civil servant.in/magazine/cover-story/bihar-women-panchayats--mgnrega-indira-awas- yojana/story/209046. The state cannot impose restrictions on how people express their basic freedom and human emotions. Radical political groups are frequently harassing young couples on the ground of preservation of culture and morality. A café in the city was recently vandalized following a news channel report that it was allowing ‘immoral activities’ which was nothing less a simple holding of hands and occasional hugging among youngsters. This will bring a change in the society. He should assure them of their safety.¥ 2. irrespective of the fact whether they are married or are just in a relationship. A thorough probe should be conducted into the matter to find out the guilty. Though the moral and ethical values of the society are at supreme but they cannot be used to infringe on the basic rights of the individuals.businesstoday. First and foremost. He should use his persuasion skills to calm the people down. Even in front of your office. The various options available before the DM are as follows: Pacifying the crowd: Pacifying the crowd is the first priority for the officer. pacifying the young people is important otherwise the situation may turn grave. moral policing cannot be justified. A message should be given to the groups who try to affect the law and order in the society citing grounds of preservation of culture and morality. 53 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. The organizers maintained that it was not just about their personal rights but for greater tolerance towards respecting individual choices of the individuals. The youngsters were assaulted when they protested. Organizing events to sensitize the society on such issues: The society should also be made aware of the modern values. The help from police department may be sought in this regard. This event sparked off an open public protest. The case involves the basic fundamentals of liberty. 1. co m http://www. You are the DM in that district. There is nothing wrong in expressing emotions unless the expression is not wrong in any form. The society must respect the individual and personal choices of its people.html Case Study taken from: ‘Who's Your Baap?' Couple In UP Harassed By Hindu Yuva Vahini Founded By Yogi Adityanath. responsibility and dignity of being a human. It should be left for the people to decide at their own. Taking action against the radical political groups: The unauthorised action of radical groups in any society is wrong. He Assuring them of no violent action: The young couples who are protesting since they have not done anything which is against the law should be assured of their safety. this may invite problems for the officer from the members of that radical political group. couple are protesting in large number against the government authorities. Taking actions against groups will stop such incidents in the future and sent a strong signal to such extremist and political groups. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. 54 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. the people or citizens are not doing anything which harms the law and order in the society. this will send a wrong message among the people. People who are showing radical approach to expression of any basic human emotions need to be sensitized that society cannot be run on a radical and extremist approach.com | 08823831311 . Unless. The DM being from a young generation can play and effective role in being an agent of change in the society. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y.Unhealthy comparison of cultures and values is neither the solution nor the end that one should seek. co m If the government authorities turn harsh at the people who are showing their protest. violent action is not needed. co m Syllabus mapping: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service. impartiality and non- partisanship. objectivity 55 Queries? Contact Us:
[email protected] | 08823831311 . integrity. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. However.thequint. You are hearing a case against a religious person who has a wide following in the area. The followers have all gathered around the city in large numbers. He is convicted in a criminal case. co m Q. How do the religious sentiments of people play a role in delivering judgments or affecting the official capacity of judges in such cases? In the above case. In a secular nation. what qualities or attributes of the judge are at stake? What role does the external pressure play in affecting judgments in such cases? Answer: No organs of the government can be clearly distinguished from one another. Seeing the outcome of the judgement. may not deliver harsh judgment or punishments. due to the pressure of the public and seeing the after effects of such judgments may not be able to deliver justice fairly. Hence. http://www. Firmness to being true to his duty despite external pressure. depends on the pressure that may be faced not only from public. on the other side. judiciary in this case. The judgement being delivered against him will erupt violence. but also from state or other organs of government machinery. if the person against whom the case is being processed is not convicted or punished due to the intense situation in the area. the justice might not be done. Setting an example before the society that nobody is above law.com/voices/opinion/ram-rahim-sentencing-not-heroic-jagdeep-singh-did-his-job 56 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. the outcome or the judgment. The problem lies in the fact that the followers are not able to accept their leaders or gurus as being convicts. So. 2.com/india-news/gurmeet-ram-rahim-singh-sentencing-cbi-judge-jagdeep-singh- gave-dera-sacha-sauda-chief-a-tongue-lashing-here-is-what-he-said/830377/ https://www. the religious sentiments of the people must be respected by all organs of the state. Judgment being delivered in a non partisan manner (Not let the following of the criminal affect judgment in the above case).) You are a judge in High Court. 6. the moment the judgment is pronounced. to a large extent. It is possible that the judge due to external pressure or to save him from being point of conflict in such case. The judge. it is important that the religious sentiments of the people are respected but that should not be at the cost of disturbing law and order and affecting the functioning of other organs. In the above case.com | 08823831311 . to a large extent. The state must ensure complete justice in a non partisan way in such cases and be prepared to handle the law and order disturbances that may occur after the judgment is delivered. 4. the judge may not be courageous enough to pronounce effective justice. The situation is very tense. The pressure that is created by the followers of the person in the same case plays a significant role on the judgment. may.financialexpress. but it is the duty of the state to ensure that unnecessary freedom is not given in the name of religion. 3. the pressure that is being created by the followers of such persons. the following qualities of the judge are at stake: 1. 5. Upholding principles of justice. it can be said that in such cases. this will spread a wrong message that justice was not done in a fair manner. They are related to one another in one or the other way. in such cases. In the above case. Ability to do justice in unfavorable conditions. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. plays an influential role in affecting the official capacity of the judges. Handling the external pressure due to the followers. it will lead to incidences of violence and conflicts. In such cases. If the judge doesn’t uphold the principles of judiciary. sometimes. Through some random electronic searches. To build mutual understanding. peers. the media and the general public and respecting all opinions and supporting the right of free expression. But you are feeling uncomfortable because you know the speech will not be your own work. The deadline is immediate. It was delivered by a member of Labour Party who opposed the UK Government’s proposal to cut subsidiaries of the country’s state owned airline and was posted with subtitles. Expertise: To acquire and responsibly use specialized knowledge and experience and to advance the profession through continued professional development. Obviously. the question that arises is that. Air India is suffering from financial difficulties. His reputationcould be permanently damaged as well. responsibility and reputation etc. Any short of it may result in lowering reputation of the organisation. employers. That executive will be publically humiliated and it will be this person who will be considered the plagiarizer. and the MD hopes to use the speech as a springboard to open discussion about the subsidiaries and increased investments in State owned carriers. Your deadline is immediate and you have the worst writer’s block ever had in your life. and is it ethical to accept compliment for those words? Is it ethical to give a senior member of your organisation a speech to deliver that was delivered by someone else in another context. if that should happen. MD holds that decrease in subsidiaries and investments create problems for the consumers as the State Carriers are forced to increase fairs and reduce standard of service. Fairness: To deal fairly with clients. you find the perfect speech on YouTube. Ability: To be able to deal with fair manner. The above case involves ethical values like: Honesty: To adhere to the highest standards of accuracy and truth in advancing the interests of the organization one represents and communicating with the public.com | 08823831311 . Switzerland. You are ready to copy it and present it to the MD because it is exactly what you have been directed to write. What will you do? Justify the ethical values in the case with proper explanation. competitors. personality and nature of the person speaking. potentially setting them up for public ridicule? The executive who represents this speech will be the one who will be most affected by the unethical use of this speech if it should become public that it was copied from another speech. Hints: The words spoken during a speech determine the ability. Discuss what ethical principles will guide you in decision making in this case? Make a decision and offer a brief rationale. Here. ability. thinking they are hearing original words. the media who might quote the MD and the actual author of the original speech whose words would be misappropriated. Good speech brings prosperity in all spheres of human development and also to the organizational development in terms of increased positive enhancement and increased trade too. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. the writer will likely be dismissed from his XYZ Company. He or she could also face legal and financial liabilities if the writer’s action is also a copyright infringement. Basic information on Ethical principles like honesty. Others affected by stealing this speech include the audience. research and education. co m Case Study taken from: A timeline of the Crisis in Air India. The Managing Director has asked you to write a speech that will be delivered at an International Air Transport Association gathering in Geneva. The decision making in the above situation should be based on following ethical principle guidelines: 57 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. is it ethical to use someone else’s words without attribution. You are working for Air India Ltd. credibility and relationship among a wide array of institutions and audiences. then one must ask someone else at the same firm to do it in one’s place. co m Free Flow of Information: Preserve the integrity of the process of communication. The education and health inspector of the region has submitted a report which stated that the local goons and people of higher caste are not allowing ASHAs and school teachers to provide facilities to the downtrodden people. If local guardians are involved and are patronizing the things. Be honest and accurate in all communications. This will involve masses for which the schemes meant to be and will also make them aware about. Hence discrimination among the people on the basis of caste and religion is unconstitutional. It would be completely unethical to use this speech as it is and present it to the client as one’s own. What are the various option you have in this case? Discuss them with their merits and demerits suggesting what course of action would you take? Hints: Welfare services provided to the citizens under different government schemes are based on the principle of equality. MP and Gram Pradhan of the region do not get influenced then the matter may become worst. MP and Gram Pradhan of the region to brief about the issue and instruct gram pradhan to take strict actions against the local upper caste community members who are involved in the case. Merits: Action by the local guardian will influence most in controlling such practices. 58 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. b) He may initiate a regular social audit of the respective schemes to bring accountability and transparency in the system. It will bring feel of ownership among the public. Even having the MD cancel the speech would be preferable to having him present this stolen speech and risking public embarrassment. however. Avoid deceptive practices. 1. You are the DM of a district. This will be a great way to deal with the situation. get some good ideas from the speech in terms of tone. if there will be any sort of demand by the local upper caste people. The various options available before the DM can be discussed as: a) He should conduct the meeting with the respective MLA. If one cannot write the speech oneself. In the above case the ASHAs and teachers are not allowed to work for the welfare of the vulnerable. types of examples used. Competition: preserve intellectual property rights in market place. In the process of meeting. One could. structure etc. it will bring even worst situation. The illegal activities may increase more. one may quote a few lines of the speech as long as one attributes them to the correct source. Conflicts of Interest: Avoid actions and circumstances that may appear to compromise good business judgment or create a conflict between personal and professional interests. This will improve the functioning the curb illegal practices involved. The benefit of the schemes should reach to those for whom it is meant.com | 08823831311 . Also. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Case Study taken from: news highlighting the issue of education system influenced by criminals in a village of Uttar Pradesh. which will be taken care of by the DM. Demerits: If respective MLA. They sell the education and health kits in open market and even sarpanch is not able to take action due to social boundations. Merits: Regular social audit is a good thing. Disclosure of Information: Be honest and accurate in all communications. Ideas cannot be copyrighted. there are growing concerns about student learning outcomes. and the efficacy of school management. Demerits: This may raise more radical groups and in the name of confronting. Faced with such problems. Action may be taken against the goons on the charge of hampering the basic government functioning. d) If still the situation does not improve. Bringing law and order on track is the first priority in order to tackle with any menace.com | 08823831311 . You are posted as a Sub Divisional Magistrate and are assigned to look after the problems of Education System. Textbook knowledge. c) The community participation is must for the successful implementation of any scheme. What suggestions you would like to give in order to improve the education system? 59 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. teacher training. critical thinking. Merits: This will create deterrence among the people and will help in building trust with the citizens. This will encourage them more in hampering the daily business further. it may involve some extra cost. while not enough has been done to examine the quality of education given to India's children. Social awareness. rigid ideas. Students spend most of their time memorizing a syllabus with no thought given to learning or playing. by highlighting the issue with utmost sensitivities and ordering the police to take strict action against the radical groups or the person obstructing the government functioning by arresting them and punishing them. Little room is left for creativity to thrive. Taking strict action with the person involved in illegal activities will be beneficial in case the situation does not improve. many children drop out of school before even completing five years of primary education. Local leaders should be involved to influence the masses by highlighting the issue in media so that they will act in fair manner. Punishing arbitrary and illegal actions will be in good faith development with the masses and will help the downtrodden in positive manner. Those children who do stay on often learn little. The beneficiaries will think that this is their right and may organize groups and recent with the person coming on their way of getting these rights. he should seek help from state authorities in this regard. thus sensitization of people about the benefits of the scheme and consequences of hampering its smooth functioning should be messaged clearly among the people. etc. First. Merits: This will bring awareness among the general public. teacher-to-student ratios. the communal violence may erupt. and problem solving. rather than comprehension. co m Demerits: However. Chances of fraud cannot be avoided.) Modern education in India is often criticized for encouraging rote learning. Moreover. curriculum quality. The DM should take the measures in systemic way. Persons should be arrested by the police. Most resources and research are directed towards improving quantifiable factors such as enrolment. dropout rates. social audit should be brought in place in order to bring transparency and accountability and make people aware about it. Case study taken from: Study conducted by an NGO PRATHAM on India’s education system. Q. This will enable him to get expert advice. and test scores take precedence over open debates and logical reasoning. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Demerits: They may or may not be controlled or there may be some upper hand on them due to which they will be set free. assessment of learning achievements. The syllabus should be designed to make students creative and innovative learners rather than rote learners. They should be provided incentives for taking unique stand in making learning more attractive. Sometimes surprised checkup should also be made in order to keep the system and teachers vigilant and present. Mechanized Learning: Making education more attractive by incorporating modern mechanisms in classroom such as Virtual classes. chairs. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. pictographic hoardings to attract attention and creating a positive image regarding education in the minds of the people. writing boards etc. These skills include basic literacy and numeracy. Faculties should be asked to devote themselves with determination so that the better outcome may come. classrooms. teaching with the help of modern electronic devices and other multimedia devices etc. using information technology (digital classes). which makes children more attractive nowadays.com | 08823831311 . India is beset by serious problems with its education system and stands way behind in comparison to other growing countries. There should be periodic training of teachers to make the learning creative. Schemes of vocational education. Reshtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan etc. Regular supervision by the district administration along with parental feedback in line with social audit should be done. However. washrooms. visual effect technology. This shows officer’s duty bound sensible approach in dealing with the problems. new teaching techniques and over punctuality should be strictly adhered. keeping faculties updated with the syllabus. Pedagogy improvement: Training to faculties. The people should be made aware of the importance of education through regular visits. The basic problem is India’s primitive system of learning. The possible suggestions available with the officer in above case are as follows: Spreading Awareness: S/He can search the opportunities and ways to make education attractive. More faculties with the features of dexterity should be hired. as well as the ability to communicate. Mid Day Meal. This involves feeling of sympathy and empathy towards masses. These are further added by poor policy design. desks. It is widely observed that students prefer learning mechanically than getting imbibed with the concepts. should be made available as per the proportion of students available. co m Hints: Introduction: Education is important because it gives people the baseline skills to survive as adults in the world. The school can be made an attractive destination for the students to go by ensuring effective implementation of government runs schemes such as Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. Upgrading infrastructure: S/He should check the proper utilization of funds allotted for developing infrastructure. work with others and financial stability. 60 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. weak administration and socioeconomic context such as lack of parental interest. apart from above measures. School buildings. Regular monitoring and inspection will enable him to have a ground level assessment of the situation. S/He can start with creating awareness regarding education by positively approaching masses with setting up examples of learned men. Since Independence. complete tasks. Numerous research studies and surveys have substantiated these problems and proved that immediate attention and action is required. their contribution to society. However. and unbiased in all circumstances showing their neutrality. What should Mr. Biswas gets an invitation from a news channel to a debate on the issue. Taking advice from seniors: This will help him to get advice from his senior who might have faced similar situation during their tenure. Following are the various options with Mr. The other invitees will be from other prominent field of education.) Mr. co m Q. For this to happen. However. neutrality and bureaucratic responsibility. Biswas should assess about everything as civil servants are responsible for public interest in maintaining the law and ensuring that proper procedures are followed. Biswas to consider upon: Turning down the invitation: The civil servants are allowed to participate in all actions within the framework of civil services conduct rules. 61 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. it will be against his right to freedom of expression. Neutrality is also one of the foundational values of civil services. Therefore. it is possible that they may not be able to advise him on the matter by giving judgement that he should do what he feels is right. civil service neutrality is a must. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. he should maintain utmost neutrality otherwise should turn down the invitation if he is skeptical of the nature of debate. The ethical principles involved in the above case are sensitivity of the issue which might turn into a political debate. He should refrain from making political comments or saying something which criticizes the government in any way. It is his basic right to freedom of thought and speech. In this case Mr. Biswas a suitable action in this regard. In order to drive it and uplift the socio-economic status of the citizens. Mr. In case if he decides to join. They are expected to maintain political neutrality when it comes to expressing their opinions in public or on public platforms. Mr. cooperation and careful coordination between the political executive and bureaucrat is a sine qua non. Lately there has been a lot of activity happening around the present education policy and the right to education. Hints: Civil servants are an important part of policy making of the government. Accepting the invitation and voice his thought: This will allow him to speak about his opinion on the subject with other prominent experts on the subject. Being a civil servant doesn’t mean that he is not allowed to express his opinion on any matter. They are debarred from various public exercises in order to maintain neutrality in certain circumstances Public servants should remain non-political. By turning down the invitation he will save himself from engaging in a debate which might turn political. The only demerit lies in the point is that it will be against the basic principles of civil services if the debate turns into a political debate and he speaks something which code of conduct for civil servants does not allow him to. Biswas must not be entangled in any political mudslinging or create any political division opinion.com | 08823831311 . non-influential. he needs to ensure that he maintains political neutrality during the whole show and doesn’t speak anything which is critical of the government. Biswas do? Whether he should express himself on a public platform or not being a civil servant? Suggest Mr. Biswas is a civil servant in the PMO office. The news channel assures that it will be a non political intellectual debate. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y.com | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus mapping: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service 62 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. The situation has worsened to the extent that it has disrupted the law and order. the administration gave approval to a proposal which would consume large amount of water.com | 08823831311 . 4. you would get a good sum of money which would compensate for the amount that the water used for irrigating the pitch would cost. when you discuss the matter with your colleagues they suggest you to decline the offer as the district is facing severe water scarcity and this would further add to the problem as a large volume of water will be needed for irrigating the pitch. This would also lead to reduced fresh water consumption along with getting funds for the match. But. accepting the offer for conducting the match will further add to the problem. 5. Taking informed decision A detailed report can be sought citing the exact amount of water needed in the match. Seeking approval from state administration Seeking help from state will enable him to reach at an experienced conclusion. If you accept the offer. 3. Accepting the offer for the match This would enable the district to received funds which could be used to arrange for water for irrigating the pitch and solve the problem of water crisis in the city. This way people will have faith in the district administration. A good sum of money is offered for the match. co m Q. People should be told that district will ensure fresh water is not used for irrigating the pitch and this would not affect the water available for the residents. Arranging for water for irrigation of pitch from other sources Reused water could be used for irrigating the pitch. Then water consumption report should be prepared considering the volume of water needed by the residents. he alone will not be held accountable for it. if the situation further worsens.) You are posted as head of a district which is severely affected by water crisis. But this would deprive the district of the large amount of funds which it could have received through the match. Presently a cricket tournament is going on in the country matches for which are held all over the country. it is possible that this may further worsen the law and order situation as people may turn violent that when district is undergoing such a severe water crisis. As the district is already impacted due to shortage of water. You get a call from the state cricket association that a cricket match is to be held in your district. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. The various options available before the head of the district along with their merits and demerits are discusses as follows: 1. This may further disrupt the law and order when water is not available for meeting the basic necessities of life. Also suggest what course of action will you take? Answer: It is the responsibility of the head of the district to ensure that he does not take any decision which further worsens the water crisis. 2. Moreover. The state might have experience in handling such situations. However. Will you accept the offer? What are the options before you? Explain the merits and demerits of each option. This would ensure that an 63 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. if he takes help from state authorities. Rejecting the proposal at once This would not further aggravate the problem when already there is shortage of water. Already used water may be reused for irrigating the pitch. The permission for the match should be given only if it would not affect the law and order situation. The investigating officer should inform his bosses about the incident and seek proper action. Hints: The case involves the burning issues of cow protectionism and violation of business ethics. or killed cows for beef. This would save the fresh water for other uses. You are a senior police investigation officer and from some sources you got to know that a social activist involved in cow protection is smuggling cows in lure of money. 1. Considering the entire situation.com | 08823831311 . His conduct should be assessed based on the fact that it is illegal or not. The best course of action is to take an informed decision. 64 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. There is a sure possibility of communal violence being fired upon his arrest which may trigger law and order problems everywhere. While investigating you found that he is in contact with various slaughtering houses where he used to supply cows. he used to carry (transport) cows without any security problems. India is facing the burning issue of cow protectionism which is also witnessed by many self-appointed “cow protectors” who have committed brutal attacks against Muslims and Dalits over rumors that they sold. what course of action do you think is possible? Justify your actions with suitable measures. Public should be made aware about the criticality of the situation and told to use water reasonably. The activist should be arrested and kept in secret place with utmost security. He should conduct the water authorities in the district to have an exact overview of the situation. The media should be asked to maintain highest integrity in reporting and refraining from such news which has the potentiality to escalate the violence. The police officer should inform other reputed social activists about the grave issue by showing them the finding report with proper evidence and seek their favour to take public into confidence. Source:(in light of challenges faced by civil servants while in service) Case Study taken from: The burning issue of Cow Protectionism followed by Mob-lynching. He is a reputed activist and considered responsible and honest by other social activists which debars him from being doubted by others of any malpractices. It is important to assure the public that the district administration is taking steps to solve the water crisis and a solution to the problem would be reached at soon. In the above case where reputed social activist is involved in cow trade. How will you control this situation? 2. If illegal. the investigating officer should gather all valid proof of his misconduct and make a report out of this. Help can also be sought from state administration on the issue. necessary precautions need to be taken beforehand. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. bought. In order to make sure that the arrest of the social activist doesn’t lead to a tense situation. jeopardized security system and overall betrayed with his own ethical and moral principles of being a social activist. The social activist has violated the trust of people. A detailed report may be prepared after thorough analysis. He used to take advantage of this trust of masses on him and on the backdrop of it. But this would be time taking and the association may not like to give that much amount of time. co m informed decision is taken. The snap of the report should be published in media. No one from the security was questioning him for such movement due to his reputation. the police force should be made aware about possible danger of his arrest and should be asked to remain ready for any action. The funds gained from the match should be used to arrange for water. worksite facility. 65 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. payment to be made in case of overtime working hours. In the above case. there lies a pressure on the police officer to overcome the anger and protest of the people against judgments delivered against people who have a good image before the public. ∙ The recent study conducted in the area highlights lack of people’s awareness about the basic guidelinesof MGNREGA. leaders of the workers and some labourers to provide the people or the workers a basic knowledge about the provisions of the act. Case Study taken from: Lack of awareness affecting NREGA implementation: Centre Mobilization and awareness are among the key components for successful implementation of any welfare intervention especially in rural areas where literacy and exposure to media is often less as compared to the urban areas. unemployment allowance. contractors. ∙ As a Block Development officer. You are a Block Development Officer (BDO) of a certain region where cases of fraudulent with the MGNREGA workers are rampant. pitiness. In such cases. etc. This will ensure that the labourers are not fooled by their contractors. the officer should arrange a seminar inviting prominent NGOs working for labour welfare. responsibilities of contractors. all pre-handed preparations must be made in order to maintain law and order in the area. though the government has implemented the act to provide a guaranteed employment to the people in rural areas. Often the contractors are found to exploit the labourers. the general public should be taken in confidence by showing the evidences.com | 08823831311 . Making the public aware about the situation with necessary facts and proof is of utmost importance. You actually want to help those labourers for getting their fair rights but there is risks involved which may even cost your job and life. What action(s) would you prefer the most which will prove worth for the labourers as well as yourself? Hints: ∙For successful implementation of any scheme or programme it is necessary that people are aware about the provisions of the scheme and are able to utilize the benefits of the provisions of the scheme. His real image should be brought in front of the people that how he has misused the trust which the people have imposed on him by virtue of being a social activist. Presenting true facts before the public will increase the faith of the people in police. the reports highlight the workers are harassed by the contracted by forcing them to work for extra hours and paying them less. Publishing report in media about Illegal trade. social audit and other legal entitlements. The recent study conducted on MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) by a taskforce committee has found that people were often not aware of the basic guidelines regarding Job card issue. However. breaching public trust etc will bring public confidence in law and order and may lower the protest and violence. co m Hence. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. sympathy. the officer should make sure that he doesn’t let the public pressure deter himself from the duty he is expected to perform. empathy. It is important that the officers in such cases act in smarter way to effectively deal with the situation. human rights violation etc. They should be told about provision of minimum working hours. but. basic facilities which should be provided under the act to the labourers at the worksite. The contractors force the labourers to work extra hours with no extra pay which are backed by the other government officials too. The law and order should properly be maintained and any sort of violence should be tackled with proper action. The case present ethical issues such as failure to realize the vulnerabilities of poor families in case of non-availability of work. Hence. Here the mere suspicion is that the money deposited is earned by illegal means. Ankit informs Manoj about the same based on his suspicion. Sensitizing the issue with increased general public awareness will help to a great extent in solving the problems of the workers and for ensuring that the act is implemented effectively. contractors and other impediments on the ground. they should be dealt properly as per law. Everything should be done in accordance with the law and order and a proper record of the same should be maintained. Working hours should be fixed for the labourers and the same should be properly informed to them. Hints: ∙ The above case is of mere suspicion that too without having any concrete evidence of any fraudulent activities. Factoring the various evidences Manoj has following options available with him: 66 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Social audit should be performed in order to bring accountability. and to adhere the responsibilities of contractors.) Manoj is the head of State RTO department where Sunil works as an officer in charge of clearing and approving the vehicles paper. Mukesh’s home and finds that he is been hospitalized. Ankit has commited a crime that too without having any concrete evidence. Q. ∙Proper and strict mechanisms should be devised for issuing Job Card and regular watch should be kept on this. Workers should be made aware of this provision. Proper crèches facilities should be made available for the children so that the parents can work without any worry. The government has come up with Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme which allows transferring the wages into the beneficiaries account directly. co m The officer should have a discussion about problems related to labourers. Manoj lands on Mr. Divulging the bank’s secret information from the bank. This has proved worth and the same should be promoted in order to bring accountability and reduce labourers’ exploitation. He can control the contractors by restricting fund allocation if contractors are found involved in any sort of exploitative action on labourers or involved in any malpractices. The relative(s) of the person(s) depositing money might be staying in old age home and if not so. Manoj’s friend Ankit works in a bank and notices that a portion of certain Mr. upon which Sunil replies that Mr. During investigation. There may also be possibility that Sunil might be doing fraud and would have been asking favour from customers for depositing money in return of their paper approval. Public hoardings should be placed in order to spread awareness among masses.com | 08823831311 . Mukesh happens to be his father in law and the money deposited is for an Old Age Home. If there are any nexus of illegal intensions. What should he do? Explore various options available to Manoj with suitable explanation. He suspects that the deposits are being made by a customer of Sunil and in return Sunil use to approve their papers. This is a clear case of suspicion. Manoj thinks of taking action based on his own investigation and mere suspicion. The suspicion becomes strong with the fact that the old age home is being owned and run by Sunil’s wife and also the money is being deposited by other perosn. they might be donating certain sum to old age home. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Fund allocation for various projects is the duty and responsibility of the Block Development officer. ∙ Here the certain amount of pension is being donated to old age home based on Sympathy or might be as a fees of staying in old age home. which his wife Reshma owns and runs. The reason should be sought and final solution should be met. He then turns to Sunil. Mukesh’s pension is deposited every month into an account of one Reshma who turns out to Be Sunil’s wife. Manoj suspects that the money deposited must be of fraud that’s why is being deposited by unknown person(s). One of the most common difficulties that the labourers face is regarding payment. Manoj should warn Sunil of such fraudulent activities and ask him to stop such nuances immediately. if Sunil is genuine. the matter should be referred to the personnel department for appropriate inquiry and action. This will do justice to the organisation as well as professional ethics. Such action puts the Bank’s reputation in jeopardy. ∙ The case also questions the ethical strand of Ankit who divulged confidentially data unofficially following a thin strand of suspicion. certain bold steps must be taken by Manoj as per the rules and guidance of organisation. He should be suspended from the work and be given a notice upon which he needs to reply on written. ∙ On the other hand. it is a breach of trust of customer on part of bank authorities. If Sunil proved to be wrong earlier and warned and continues to do the same. Certain action also require on Ankit’s act which should also be taken into consideration by the Bank.com | 08823831311 . A Bank divulging customer details is a grave folly. 2. Sunil can ask his boss Manoj also for some donation for the welfare of old people and old age home. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. 67 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. if the matter turns to be of fraud. Upon Sunil’s detailed reply. Asking Sunil Directly: Manoj should ask directly Sunil to clear the doubt related to money deposited and being diverted. he should furnish all the relevant proof in-front to Manoj and prove his genuineness. if certain donation is made. ∙ Asking favour in return of approving paper turns to be of asking donation which is morally and ethically wrong as per organizational perspective. It implies that. the work can be approved jeopardizing the organizational ethics and code of conduct. co m 1. This will instill some deterrence in Sunil if he would be wrong. ∙ If further complication occurs. com | 08823831311 . E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. co m Syllabus mapping: Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems 68 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. You are posted as DM of a district which attracts a large number of pilgrims during the year specially on the day of a particular religious festival. around 15 pilgrims died due to a stampede on that day as no pre-handed precautions were taken in case the number of pilgrims exceeds than the expected. To understand the events or celebration being organized and make preparations better for them the authorities in charge should involve the stake holders in advance and develop a system where the government agencies and civil society work in tandem for success of the events. 5. co m Q. There must be proper planning to ensure the safety of people. The people who come to visit these places must be made to follow the rules and the authorities should make fool-proof arrangement for every festive gathering which draws huge crowds. Last year.) India is a country of festivals and traditions. 2. the primary responsibility lies with the state of taking care of law and order and ensuring safety and security of people assembling at these places. The organisers of such events should be more responsible and accountable. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Coordination between different government departments that may be involved for smooth celebration of cultural or traditional event. culture and tradition of the particular region where s/he is posted. A ready reference to calendar of events should be kept that may be happening according to according to the culture and tradition of the area. 3. Last but not the least. Those involved in administration must also ensure that pre-hand preparedness is carried out. 4. So maintaining law and order and ensuring safety and security of people is important. http://indianexpress. 6.com | 08823831311 . Preparation cannot simply be perfunctory as it involves human lives. When it comes to handling the responsibility at such religious places. The devotees and visitors should also be made aware of basic precautions before such major events which draw a huge number of people. a plan should be prepared for (a) law and order (b) transport and communication (c ) shelter and stay (d) safety and security (e) preparedness for accident. nothing should be permitted in the name of culture and tradition which causes a big threat to life and property of the people. the religious places have been important areas which witness a large crowd on various occasions. Answer: Today. disaster or any other untoward event. Every civil servant in bigger responsibility must learn fast about the demography. Present a brief plan of action which must be put in place before such events.com/article/india/kerala-stampede-at-sabarimala-temple-injures-25-4444685/ 69 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. Before any event that takes place with high mass turn out. The preparations which must be put into place to manage the celebration without any untoward happening can be discussed as: 1. The incident started with a minor argument and then took a religious turn later on which lead to a major conflict between the two communities. Deployment of army. These measures will certainly improve the situation to a great extent. 1. This will restore the people's confidence. Politicians of every political party should be politely but very firmly told not to get involved lest they might face tough actions from administration. Meanwhile when your senior was on leave. This will calm the things down. Politicians may politely be asked not to get into the matter and local police should be made free to act.html 70 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. You are quite new to the job. The media should not give news that create panic among the people. Civil administration may concentrate on providing essential commodities during period. 3.M. Answer: Media has an important role in such cases. This might be a permanent solution of the problem. If needed curfew can be imposed in few localities and sanitization of the entire town could be made.) You are posted as SDM in a tehsil.uk/indiahome/indianews/article-4665772/Communal-violence-reported-Bengal-s-Basirhat- district. The measure may have a positive impact but CRPF may take action against people only on suspicious grounds and people may be more panic and fearful. Trouble makers from both communities should be rounded up and criminal cases under substantive sections be instituted. Both communities will like these measures because they will feel more safe in this situation. there occurred an incident of communal violence in your district between two communities. In the above case. http://www. Your senior went on leave for 10 days and gave you responsibility of the district. The only doubt is that miscreants might use this as opportunity and might create new problems. Hence following options are available before D. Police and CRPF jawans may be requisitioned and told to put off lawlessness with heavy hands.dailymail. Your district is known for peace and harmony. Supplying the essential commodities under supervision of administration will normalize the situation. Media should be taken into confidence by having periodic briefing. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. The district authorities should hold a press conference telling the people about the official stand of the government and telling them that things are under control and there is nothing to worry about. The news in media have further created fear among the people. However there are chances that some ministers of the government may put pressure not to arrest people as they might be worried about their vote bank. 5 people have died in this conflict.co.com | 08823831311 . District administration should prefer dialogue between two communities involving heads of two communities. restoring the confidence of the people and normalization of situation should be top priority of the district administration. police force etc may depend upon the gravity of the situation. District administration may also take up the task of relief and rehabilitation. 4. 2. Administration has to be harsh on mischief mongers. What will you do bring the communal tension down in such a situation? What are the various options available before you? Discuss them with their merits and demerits. co m Q. People are afraid of going out of their home. Considering the above facts what are the options available to you? 2. Voters should be able to cast their votes freely without any fear and according to their own choice. There should be no coercion or allurement to make them vote for a particular candidate or party. 71 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. co m Q. It may also happen that on the day of election. Use of money and muscle power should not let a candidate or party win the election. He should seek help from local NGOs and leaders to create awareness among the people that they have a say in the democracy and they should not sell their vote for some mere amount of money.com | 08823831311 . the various options available with the DM are as follows: 1. This all is being done with very secrecy. On the day of election. Seeking help from NGOs to make people aware: The local NGOs can be employed to go among the people and have a ground level assessment of the situation. Requesting state government for additional force deployment: He should write to the state authorities for deploying additional force in the area as the constituency is sensitive. Strict action should be taken against those who are found accused of using wrong means to win elections. This will enable him to know the exact situation. Also choose the option which you consider best with suitable justification. Constituting a committee to supervise the area: A group of experts or 4 5 people may be formed to go between the people and have a timely review of the situation. This constituency is very sensitive and high profile because of the candidates contesting there. use of money power in elections goes against the ethos of democracy. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Involving local leaders or young people in the area: The local leaders who have good repute among the people in the constituency may be asked to lead the campaign as people may have faith on them. He should ensure coordination between other agencies which may be used to lure the voters. Also this will create a hesitation among the people for accepting gifts and money for voting for a particular party. people are made to understand the democratic values. You found that the voters are being influenced by distributing money and gifts by the candidates and political parties. This will enable him to monitor the situation regularly. The DM’s first priority should be to make people aware that accepting money or freebies for voting is compromising on the basic tenets of the democracy. distribution. sale and storage of liquor and other intoxicants as well as the movement of other such items which have the tendency to lure the voters during the election process. the parties may use wrong methods. As an officer your duty is to ensure free and fair election. it is necessary that the elections must be fair and free. he should make sure that through various campaigns in the area involving young people or local leaders. 2. 5. He should ask for additional force deployment from the state authorities beforehand. Coordinating with other agencies: State Excise Department and Police authorities should be asked to monitor production. Rigging in the elections should be strictly checked. he should be prepared to meet any ill incident which may happen likely. Hints: For the successful working of democracy in the country. Having regular monitoring of the situation is important. Discuss the merits and demerits of each option. 1. 4. However. You have been an upright officer all your life and want to ensure that elections are conducted fairly. In the above case. The machinery should be equipped to deal with any such situation. But it is a time taking step and may take a lot of time before sanction is received. However. The voters also seek benefits out of the elections in form of freebies and they don’t see this distribution as illegal.) You are a District Magistrate and also assigned the work of Returning Officer of a constituency where by-election is being announced by election commission due to death of an MLA (who happened to be the Chief Minister of the state). it is possible that the people may not give any report of the freebies that they have received in order to vote for a particular candidate or party. Also. Steps should also be taken to instill political ethics among the candidates who are contesting elections. 3. The people need to be made aware of the basic ethos and principles of democracy. co m Syllabus mapping: Laws.com | 08823831311 . regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance 72 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. rules. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. com | 08823831311 . He asks you not to punish the child as this would spoil his career and it was by mistake. Balancing the quantum of punishment between a major and minor 6. Empathy towards innocent families who lost their families The various options available before the judge are as 1. but as a part of the judgement he should make the officer pay for the loss that the poor families have suffered. The officer is one of your good friends. Not giving the punishment to the child and show empathy considering his future that lies ahead 3. Choosing between his duty and personal relationship with the father of the minor 4. co m Q. Giving punishment to the child This will send a good message in the society that no one can escape the law even if he is wealthy. 73 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. it will spoil the personal relations of the judge with the father of the minor. But. The various ethical conflicts that arise in the case are as follows: 1. The minor will be punished for killing those innocent people. The case is that of rash driving where a 16 year old boy has hit 3 people on road. 1 person who was the only earning member in the family died on the spot. then this step will lessen the faith of those poor people in the judicial system who have come to seek justice for the innocent people who died in the accident. Are moral and ethical values of parents and the upbringing of children by them to be held responsible in such cases? Answer: The case involves dialemma for the judge to give judgement where the minor if punished may not get an opportunity to rectify his mistake and to give justice to the people who were killed with no fault of their own. At the time of accident. 2. The minor who was driving the car was seeking fun and in the road rage led to the death of innocent people. What are the ethical conflicts in the case? What are the various options before you? Discuss them with their merits and demerits. The boy is the son of a reputed IAS officer in the city. Set him free for good reciprocatory relations with his father This will maintain the good terms he maintains with his friend. This shows the empathy of the judge with the poor families. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Out of them. He requests you that this judgement will have a big impact on the career of his son. Giving deterrent punishment A moderate amount of punishment can be given. Moreover. This will also act as a deterrent to the child in future to be careful while driving. Announcing compensation for families affected Though the loss of human life can not be compensated. overall it will be a good option considering the overall impact on the society. Setting an example for such future cases and set a benchmark 5. 3. Judicial values and human values conflict 2. he had come from a party and was drunk. But.) You are hearing a case in court. The minor should not be treated at par with someone who is above 18 years of age. But. he can give the judgement on the grounds that the child has a future ahead and he can not be punished severely as the accident has occurred without any such intentions. 4. the moral responsibility can be fixed on the parents specially for the minors. Then the parents will be more careful while giving the cars to their minor children. As you were dialing the number you realized that the girl is breathless and there in no sign of being her alive. This is likely to change the way they think and will help them to realize the importance of life. you left the dead body there and moved to your home. On moral ground such parents need to be deterred from the tendency to allow their minor children to flaunt their power and wealth and find fun or thrill in that even if it causes death of ordinary people. What course of action should you think be better for ‘you’. In such cases. Consider the following statements: 1. Realizing that. the moral and ethical responsibility also lies with the parents. If the minor is forgiven it is likely to set a wrong precedent and send a wrong message that the wealthy can easily escape the punishment even in criminal cases. This will give a message to the society also. On moral grounds parents who spare their cars to their minor sons or daughters must be held guilty.) You are an investigating officer in the State Government Police Department. It will take time. he may ask the authorities that somebody else may be asked to hear the case as he had personal interest involved in the case and he will not be able to do justice due to conflict of interest. They are also to be blamed for not maintaining adequate precaution while allowing their car to be driven by a minor who is not entitled for a license and also who caused death of innocent persons for fun or thrill. Not take up the case citing conflict of interest Since the judge has good relations with the father of the minor. It’s a rainy late night. 74 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. It is not an overnight process. You suddenly took out your mobile to call for ambulance.com/article/india/delhi-bmw-hit-and-run-man-gets-two-year-jail-term-4752538/ Case Study taken from: Hit and Run case by a Journalist in Madhya Pradesh. You did not inform anyone about the incident. you are returning home by driving four wheeler from wine and dine party organised by the colleagues. Q. you suddenly rushed towards the person (a girl) and found that she was severely injured with difficulties in breathing and senseless. 6. Next morning the news was on headline of every news papers and the matter was referred to you for investigation by your department. You stopped dialing for ambulance. http://indianexpress.com | 08823831311 . E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. which will also save you from moral harassment? Justify. a bit over drunk with your female friend sitting next to you. Suddenly. for ‘ethical justice’. you realized that a scooty got thrashed by your vehicle and the person with scooty got landed in a pit near by the road a 10-12 feet below. co m 5. Fixing the accountability on the parents In such cases. Realizing that you will be booked for drunk driving which will cost on your reputation and more on the reputation of your female friend sitting next to you. But then his friend might not like this as some new judge may award his son with more punishment. What are the options available to you and why? 2. There is a need to bring an attitudinal change in such people who display the power of their wealth and power. This can be brought by seeking parents’ control on their minors by telling them what is right and what is wrong. at least in cases where damage to life is done. investigation and knowingly delaying the truth are also crime which the officer should refrain from. Assuring the family of the girl monetary relief personally: He may go and meet the family of the girl personally and give them some monetary relief as they have lost their child. one he was drunk more than the prescribed limit and second he allowed his female friend to sit on nearby seat while driving (in drunken condition). But the life of any individual can not be valued in terms of money. But this will be against the moral and ethical principles of being an individual that his conscience allowed him to do so. Misleading police. Also.com | 08823831311 . He should explain the reasons for not calling ambulance because of fear of being caught for excessively drunk and driving. He violated ethical principles like not obeying the common law. he may cite some personal reasons for not being able to be a part of the investigation team. This way he will save himself from all crisis. He also did not want to put his female friend’s reputation in danger and escaped leaving everything on the spot. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. The officer was wrong at his part. Seeking some senior’s or friend’s advice: This will help him to discuss the matter with someone and he may seek their advice as to what he should do. The appropriate course of action in this case should be that the when the matter came to the officer for investigation. He may also admit his mistake before them and ask them not to ask for investigation as his reputation will be damaged. Accepting the crime will also save him from moral harassment and ethical attack on his mind.The officer committed two mistakes while driving. The findings of the investigation can be manipulated being the head of the team. Not investigating the case himself citing some reasons: In order to save himself from personal and professional conflict that he is facing. This will increase the faith of general public and also of the office colleagues in his dealing with honesty and integrity. 75 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. another mistake committed by the officer is that he didn’t call for ambulance even if the person injured had died. The various options before the officer in this case can be discussed as: Admitting his mistake: He should admit that he is responsible for the accident and due to fear of his reputation being damaged he did not call ambulance. he should admit that it happened by him only by mistakes without rounding the issue towards anything. co m Hints: ∙ The case involves personal and professional conflict for the officer where he has to choose between saving his image and reputation and performing his duty of investigating a case failry that comes to him for disposal. irresponsibly putting his and his female friend’s life in danger and loosing self control. He should be ready to bear the punishment of his action without any influence. His honesty and integrity towards dealing with the situation may also lower the amount of punishment. This is a civic duty and should be followed by everyone on the road in case of casualties. He should not have been driving if he was drunk excessively. But it requires a strong heart to admit his mistake seeing the circumstances before him. But then if the case is handled by some other officer he may be punished. This will reflect his high moral standards and will save him from the guilt if he doesn’t admit his mistake. He deviated from his moral responsibility of calling ambulance or taking the injured to hospital. Giving himself a clean chit: He may take up the case for investigation and since he is heading the investigation he can easily give himself a clean chit citing that he was not responsible. But it is possible that they may not be help him as to what he should do as they are not the person on table. He has to take a decision as how he should handle the matter. This is a case is of complete violation of traffic rules and demands legal action against the investigating officer. This will make him feel lighter. compassion. co m Syllabus Mapping: Human values. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y.com | 08823831311 . tolerance. 76 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. compatibility etc. there is a need to respect the decision of two consenting adults to live together without tying knots. Indian society has not still accepted the modern values of the west which legalise live in relationship. sexual and child-care responsibilities. and the couple was busy working and looking after the children. 2. The couple worked hard as daily wage labourers and started saving money. marriage was considered necessary for the complete fulfillment of the purpose of life of men and women. Living together without marriage. marriage is one of the deepest and most complex webs of human relations. According to Hindu context. Years passed. thus technically they are grandparents. It is a practice that seems as old as the human race itself. but Indian society still doesn’t legalise live in relationship or living together without marriage. what happened after 50 years will shock you! (A news article) An elderly couple has been living together from 50 years without being married to each other. according to the Hindu view of life. Live in relationship are looked down in the Indian society.com | 08823831311 . In the Indian society. Any relation before marriage is considered a taboo in Indian society. Even they have children now. But back then the man did not have enough money to marry his lady love. co m Case Study taken from: This couple was in a live-in relationship. Living together developed the mutual understanding between both which they have spent together happily without any betrayal. The Indian society views marriage as a relation which brings man and woman together in a legal relationship where they can have their legal children who inherit them in all respects. people view divorcees with low dignity. Everything was going fine with the family. 1. culture and the complete economic dependence of women on men. In the above case. The man is now 80 and the woman Devi is 70. Tracing the roots in ancient India. the couple though has not made a wrong decision by staying together without marriage. It is considered a unison of man and woman in a rite defined by social custom and law carrying with it specific economic. and then their children got married. marriage is considered to be an institution in itself. However on the legal context. It was considered necessary for women due to the tradition. Hints: The evolution of the concept of marriage is a difficult thing to trace. They had almost forgotten that they were not married yet. it is very necessary for a man and a woman to marry. Is there anything wrong done by the couple for not marrying and staying together till the age of 80? Justify your arguments. In the recent times there has been an increase in the number of people entering into live in relationship especially among the youths employed in metro and large cities.this is also legal as per the right to life under Article 21. Is it ethically wrong to stay together without marriage? Justify your arguments. Both took a decision not to marry but to stay together. Divorce or separating is also not accepted in society . the couple had three sons and two daughters. Marriage and family are closely associated with the being of each other. Both fell in love with each other at a young age. is be considered unethical which will take down the society’s culture and peace. This relationship gave emotional bindings which cannot be pressed upon by the society to mould into a socially accepted unison unless and until the couple wants it to be. Eventually. Though the live in relationship does not sync with the social fabric of Indian culture. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. 77 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. the couple has not done anything wrong by choosing to live together without marriage. Thus. The freedom to choose what one wants without the cringe of a moral and ethical question is the basic essence of a democratic country and also to give full potential to human being to flourish. integrity and respect for one’s colleague are some common ethical principles which can be considered in this case. Should Komal accept the praise nullifying Ritika? What moral principles are involved in this case? 2. Temptation. 1. However. She should speak directly that the real person to get acknowledgement for the work is Ritika and she should be praised instead of her. Pride. What should Komal do? Komal should make her boss aware that while everyone worked on the project. it was Ritika who managed the bulk of the work. Hints: Introduction: Being praised often makes people feel good. Ritika had invested everything in terms of time.) A wordily incentive proves very worth in raising morale of the workers which ultimately results in increased output of works. Komal also did a bit of work in the project. What should Komal do and why? Suggest suitable course of action. It is about appropriately acknowledging the efforts of Komal who stood with her and made the project a success. This will reflect boss’s ability to deal with the emotions of the employees. This will bring mental satisfaction for Komal as well as to Ritika. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. It will also encourage willingness and openness to do better every day in terms of performance 78 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. choosing to fight the urge to accept the kudos and acknowledging people for their time and effort will go long way in assuring both quality and quantity of the work and for the institution as well. This will also save Komal from facing emotional and ethical on consequences along with reflecting maturity on her part that she does not accept the things which do not belong to her. This will lower the team spirit and willingness to work with edge. Failing to do so may result in reduced efforts and will-power for Komal which may affect her performance in the company as a whole. principles of honesty. on the other hand choosing to give complete credit to the one who did the most work (Ritika) will downplay Komal’s effort and will paint a negative picture of her. the boss should adopt a smart approach of praising to the entire team and giving honour and respect which are two major things that must never be overdue. It will make her look like someone who is not needed and that Ritika could have solely completed the project. In the above case. when it was in fact her colleague who did most of the work.com | 08823831311 . knowledge and expertise. the boss gave complete credit to Komal. Two girls Komal and Ritika are working in a multi-national company and assigned to complete a project together. team spirit. It is not about nullifying Ritika’s effort. Integrity in work will touch new heights. Hence. At the completion of the project. motivate and fuel innovation to do things right. When the boss praises only someone who was just involved in completing the project ignoring the person who put her best efforts in the project it would be amounting to injustice for the one who puts in more efforts. It will encourage. co m Q. giving credit only to one person may make the other one who invested more in terms of everything feel disappointed and discouraged. However. pleasure and increased feelings of self-esteem are all common reactions to receiving a compliment or positive feedback. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. impartiality and non- partisanship 79 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. empathy. tolerance. sympathy.com | 08823831311 . co m Syllabus Mapping: Corruption. code of conduct. There are hints given of huge rewards. You face pressure from your own people to allow this evil to continue. The above case involves corrupt practices being practiced in hospital by its staffs and most importantly doctors who are oftenly equated with Gods. However. such action will not encourage anyone to follow an honest path. Calling official meeting of doctors as well as other staff members: This will be a positive step and may work. Misleading the people and manipulating them to create a demand and supply route will bring bad names to the profession of medical care. The doctors mislead patients discouraging them from availing the hospital’s medical facilities. You are appointed as the new Superintendent of the Hospital. forcing them to get medical tests done outside. It is a result of long time. 80 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. The various options available before the superintendent in order to get things corrected can be discussed as: Becoming part of the game: Becoming part of it and let the status quo continue will imply the beginning of moral and ethical decay. Through investigation and direful and stringent measures followed by stern actions against the involved parties. morality and overall human rights etc. making them opt for costly medicines. private nursing homes. the question that arises is that there is no need to do so when the hospital is in good state and is geared to provide for the medical needs of the people both privileged and underprivileged. The process of dismissing will require time with proof and investigation. This step may prove effective if awareness about the practice is brought into the light and the culprits are nabbed with concrete proof. Also. However. Dismissing entire nexus immediately: The option of dismissing nexus is a strong step but it will not be easy. by doing this the Superintendent will put his life in danger and moreover it can backfire also. and encouraging them to use private nursing homes. but making through illegal means by putting someone’s life in danger or by violating others’ rights is ethically wrong. Moreover. What are the various options available to you? Evaluate each of the options and suggest what course of action will you take and why? Hints: The issues of ethics and economic efficiency in the provisioning and delivery of services are complex in the Indian context. This will make the superintendent equally guilty like other persons. Q. the nexus can finally be uprooted completely. This action if chosen will be a blow to great testimony of rising through the ranks and earning monetary benefits also. After taking charge you discover that this dirty game is going on in your hospital.com | 08823831311 . The superintendent should understand that such nexus of illegal and corrupt practices does not develop at any workplace in a single day. Taking advantage of opportunity: Making money is not bad. co m Case Study taken from: Recent Gorakhpur tragedy and findings of investigating team. This violates the ethical principles of honesty. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. The fate of the patients is in your hands. This will also undermine the personal integrity and diminish the moral value of serving people. The nexus present among the hospital staff and private clinics which has been continuing from long will require equally time to bring in order.) In a District Government Hospital there exists a powerful nexus among senior doctors. This will prove most effective action as it will bring some sort of relief among poor masses if they get some subsidized healthcare. there is no deterrence mechanism which overrules the possibility of ending nexus and also has no certainty that doctors and other members will work properly. You are new and have just begun your career. it must be followed with measures and proper watchdog mechanisms to curb such practices in future. In long run it will certainly lead to improved quality of service delivery. integrity. responsibility. pharmacy and testing labs. Also. E th ic s co m p e n d i u m : A pro d u c t of civ i ls d a il y. Money can be directed towards doing something innovative for the betterment of the people.com | 08823831311 . Honesty and moral ethics on the part of superintendent will bring relief to the grief stricken and the needy. The credibility and reliability of the hospital and the government will increase among the masses. As a public servant. co m Any corrective step no doubt will require courage. 81 Queries? Contact Us: hello@civilsdaily. it will open the door of hope to those who are struggling in the battle of commercialization of health services and products. it will set an example upon which many can look up in future. if taken. However.