CiTRANS 650 U3Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Version: A/1 Code: MN000002936 FiberHome Telecommunication Technologies Co., Ltd. June 2016 Thank you for choosing our products. We appreciate your business. Your satisfaction is our goal. We will provide you with comprehensive technical support and after-sales service. Please contact your local sales representative, service representative or distributor for any help needed at the contact information shown below. Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co., Ltd. Address: No. 67, Guanggu Chuangye Jie, Wuhan, Hubei, China Zip code: 430073 Tel: +6 03 7960 0860/0884 (for Malaysia) +91 98 9985 5448 (for South Asia) +593 4 501 4529 (for South America) Fax: +86 27 8717 8521 Website: http://www.fiberhomegroup.com . (Hereinafter referred to as FiberHome) All brand names and product names used in this document are used for identification purposes only and are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.. .Legal Notice are trademarks of FiberHome Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. All rights reserved No part of this document (including the electronic version) may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from FiberHome. . CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Describes levels and classification of alarms and Transport Network Alarm and performance events. the cabinet. protection Transport Network Product mechanism.Preface Related Documentation Document Description CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Introduces the product’s functions and features. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Gives a detailed introduction to notices of fault Transport Network management. i. Transport Network Configuration and lists typical configuration examples and operation Guide procedures. the subrack. connect and lay out its wires and cables. causes and Performance Reference processing methods of all alarms and performance events. Description and cables). operation e-Fim OTNM2000 Element guide. and technical parameters in terms of its Transport Network Hardware hardware components (i.e. lists definitions. monthly. network applications. product description. I . Introduces the functions of the PDP (3000073). CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Gives a detailed description of items and procedures of Transport Network Routine routine maintenance on a daily. all of Management System Manual which are aimed at introducing common and fundamental Set contents of the OTNM2000 for a better understanding and proficient use of the network management system. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Briefs how to install the CiTRANS 650 U3 equipment. Installation Guide Describes the rules and methods for configuring various CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet services and functions of the equipment in the OTNM2000.. briefs how PDP250B User Guide to install the PDP. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet specifications. and technical Description specifications. functions. Transport Network Quick connect and lay out its wires and cables. quarterly Maintenance and yearly basis.e. cards. routine maintenance and installation guide. weekly. Describes the equipment’s structures. Includes four manuals. fault isolating methods as well as procedures Troubleshooting Guide and methods of fault management. connect and lay out its wires and cables. connect and lay out its wires and cables. briefs how PDP296B User Guide to install the PDP. Document Description Introduces the functions of the PDP (3000068). Introduces the functions of the PDP (3000064). II . briefs how PDP850A User Guide to install the PDP. Intended Readers This manual is intended for the following readers: u Planning and designing engineers u Commissioning engineers u Operation and maintenance engineers To utilize this manual.Version Version Description A Initial version. these prerequisite skills are necessary: u Router related technology u Data communication technology u Ethernet technology III . service IV . menu Bidirectional ↔ The service signal is bidirectional. Conventions Terminology Conventions Terminology Convention CiTRANS 650 U3 FiberHome CiTRANS 650 U3 Equipment FiberHome e-Fim OTNM2000 Element Management OTNM2000 System SNCV1 Control Switch Unit of the CiTRANS 650 U3 XSV1 1-port 10GE Interface Card XSV2 2-ports 10GE Interface Card MSV1 8-ports GE/FE Interface Optical Card GSV4 8-ports GE/FE Interface Electric Card GSV3 8-ports GE Optical Interface Card ESV2 8-ports FE Optical Interface Card E1V1 32 Port E1 Line Card with CES S1V1 4 STM-1 Optical Interface Card PWR Power Card FAN Fan Unit Symbol Conventions Symbol Meaning Description Note Important features or operation guide. or cause traffic Caution interruption or loss. ➔ Jump Jumps to another step. Possible injury to persons or systems. service Unidirectional → The service signal is unidirectional. Cascading → Connects multiple-level menu options. Warning May cause severe bodily injuries. .............14 3.............6 2...................................................................... 11 3 Product Feature ...........................................................................................................................................................................13 3......................................................16 3............10 2................................III Conventions ...................................................................4 Carrier-Class Network Management............................................................3 MPLS-TP OAM Function Signaling ..................3....................3..4........19 ..............I Related Documentation ..........1 Equipment-level Protection ...Contents Preface...1................................................10 2.....................5 2.....................................................................3 Network Application .............................................................................2 Network-level Protection ............16 3......4..............................................................................2 1..........................................14 3.........1 Introduction to OAM ....................................................................2 MPLS-TP OAM Mechanism ..............1 OAM Feature ....................................................2 Service Type and Access Capability................................................7 2................................I Version ........................2 Access Capability .....3 DCN Construction.........................1 Support of Centralized Configuration Management.................................................................. IV 1 Overview ...............................1.......1 1.......................................3 2 Function ..............................3 Network Management Information Protection ................3 Protection Capability .................................1 Unified Cross-connect Capability ....................2....................................2 Product Positioning.....................2 1...2 QoS Feature....1 Service Type...........................................6 2.........................4 2......................................9 2......9 2...............4.........................3.........................................................................................1 Product Introduction...................2 Support of Performance and Alarm Management .................................1..............................5 2..5 2...................................2...........III Intended Readers ............5 2.................................. .........................................2....5 Card Classification and Corresponding Slot...............................1 Ethernet Service .........3....................................4 CiTRANS 650 U3 Subrack ..................................................................2..........................55 5..........................................................................43 4......21 3.................................................33 3.........1 Clock Signal Synchronization......3 PDP Used by the CiTRANS 650 U3 ......33 3....50 4.........54 5................................1 Service Type..32 3..................................4 Easy Maintenance .1......47 4..........................2.........................................................................33 3........22 3....................52 5 Service Application ......58 .................................................................................................................3..................3 Clock Feature ......................................2 Clock and Time Synchronization Technology..........................33 3.....................................34 3.........3...............6 Intelligent Fan Feature ...................3 Software Architecture......................2 Automatic Identification of Cards via the EMS.1 Logical Structure..32 3.1 Remote Software Upgrade of Cards ....................................48 4.....3..............................55 5..............................2...............................4 Automatic Discovery of NEs....39 4.............22 3...2 QoS Capability.........4..........49 4...................................2 Hardware Structure.....................6 Positioning of Cards in the System ..3 QoS Mechanism .........4......................19 3..............3..1 QoS Overview ..................................5 Prompt of Power Failure........................3 EMU Software ...........................45 4.....................3 Application Scenario ..........................................2.....2 Communication Protocol and Interface .1....4...................... 3.....55 5..........................................5 Feature of Energy Saving And Emission Reduction ....................................37 4........2 Equipment Layout....................................36 4....31 3.................2.50 4.2 Service Example..................................4.....................1........3 Automatic Storage of Card Operation and Fault Message...........35 4 Product Structure.......................3...4 Network Management Software ......2.2....4...43 4..............................3 Time Signal Synchronization Capability.23 3..2................3...19 3..........................................................................................................................................1 Introduction to Cabinet ......................1 Overview ............................................51 4........39 4........ ......69 6...............................4 Base Station GE / FE Service Bearing...1.86 8.... 5....68 6.......... Weight....................................................................................................................................2 1+1 Protection for the Power Card..........84 8............................82 8 Technical Specifications..............69 6...............84 8..........1 Access Control ........................................................2...................................3...................3......................................87 8....................................3 Ethernet LAG Protection ..................................................................................87 8.........................................................................................80 7.......................2...........3 TPS 1:1 Protection for the E1 Card....64 5................................2...........................68 6.......70 6..............................................................................3.............67 6.........5 Specifications of the E1V1 Card ..2 Specifications of the XSV1 / XSV2 Card ........................74 6................1 Equipment-Level Protection .............................................................64 5.2.................... Power Consumption and Slot of Cards .....3...................3 Application Scenario .......................................................85 8.......75 7 Security Management ...........................72 6........82 7...61 5................................................1 Emulation Mode...............................3 Card Specifications..2 Network-level Protection ...............61 5.3 Coarse-grained Private Line Service .............3.........83 8..........2 Service Clock ........2 CES Service ............88 ...............2..........................79 7................1 LSP 1:1 Protection.............2 PW APS Protection..4 Log Management............61 5.....1.............................3 Specifications of the MSV1/GSV3/ESV2 Card .........................4 Specifications of the GSV4 Card ............84 8..........................2........................................................................................65 6 Protection Implementation ..........2 Subrack Specifications................................1 1+1 Protection for the Core Switch and Cross-connect Card ...............................................................................2 User Level and Permission Management .....70 6.....1 Dimensions...6 Specifications of the S1V1 Card .....................1..........85 8............................................................3....................3 Data Security ..1 System Performance Specifications ........3 Network Management Information Protection ....................80 7.......................................................................... ...89 8..........99 8..................4....................93 8.........5..........7 Noise Standards .................97 8................................................................4. 8................4......4......3 Relevant Safety Standards............................5......1 Operating Environment .....................................................................................94 8.......8 Fire Prevention Standards..........97 8.....................98 8...2 Storage Environment ........102 8.......................................................5 Relevant Environment Standards .....................4..................89 8................4.........................9 Relevant Packaging Standards ....................4..........95 8................107 .........97 8.....................5 Environmental Requirement.4..............3 Transport Environment......................5......................................................104 Appendix A Abbreviations .................98 8.....................4 Applicable Standard................4 Relevant EMC Standards.................................................1 International Standards ..........94 8........2 Safety Standards of Laser........................6 Grounding Standards...............................4............. 1 Overview The following is intended to introduce the product from the following aspects. Product Introduction Product Positioning Network Application Version: A/1 1 . meeting full-service access requirements of operators. and high-precision time synchronization. the CiTRANS 650 U3 is aiming at carrying comprehensive services. a complete set of service processing capabilities. convenient and flexible service configuration and management. the product supports multi-service access and unified switching. Using the unified Packet switching platform. meeting full-service access requirements of operators. carrier-class reliability. The appearance of the product is as shown below. the compact MPLS-TP equipment. the CiTRANS 650 U3 provides access of services such as Ethernet and TDM services.1 Product Introduction CiTRANS 650 U3. so as to facilitate extension of accessed service. The product supports stacking of multiple devices. meeting the requirements of data services and wireless access network services for the network equipment. Figure 1-1 Appearance of the CiTRANS 650 U3 1. Taking the unified switching as the core.or large-scale access and convergence nodes of the MAN. Compatible with MPLS-TP technology. 2 Version: A/1 . The CiTRANS 650 U3 features guaranteed QoS mechanism.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 1.2 Product Positioning The CiTRANS 650 U3 is mainly located at the small. It is mainly located on the small or large scale access and convergence nodes of the MAN. is designed and developed to meet the requirements of a variety of flexible transmission at access layer. It provides abundant service types and impeccable service management mechanism for fixed network users. 1. commercial network users. It can be applied in many scenarios such as IP-based RAN transmission and fixed bandwidth data convergence and transmission.3 Network Application Figure 1-2 shows the networking scenario of the CiTRANS 650 U3 which serves as the platform for bearing multiple services. and mobile network users. and provides interfaces for multiple services including Ethernet and TDM services. Figure 1-2 Network Scenario of the CiTRANS 650 U3 Version: A/1 3 . It is applicable to the access layer of MANs and LANs. 1 Overview The CiTRANS 650 U3 integrates packet processing and TDM processing capabilities. the CiTRANS 650 U3 supports multiple service types and provides a wide variety of functions to ensure service transmission quality and efficiency.2 Function As a carrier-class transmission equipment. Unified Cross-connect Capability Service Type and Access Capability Protection Capability Carrier-Class Network Management 4 Version: A/1 . The main functions of the CiTRANS 650 U3 are described as follows. 823 TDM service ITU-T G.1 Service Type See Table 2-2 for the service types supported by the CiTRANS 650 U3.1 Unified Cross-connect Capability The CiTRANS 650 U3 takes the unified switching as the core and has a cross- connect grooming capability as shown in Table 2-1.3z Ethernet service GE IEEE 802. Version: A/1 5 .691 ITU-T G.3ae ITU-T G.2 Access Capability See Table 2-3 for types and access capabilities of various services supported by the CiTRANS 650 U3. Table 2-1 Cross-connect Grooming Capability Code of Core Switch & Product Code Cross-connect Capacity Cross-connect Card CiTRANS 650 U3 SNCV1 Packet: 100G / 160G 2.957 2.2 Service Type and Access Capability The following introduces the service types and access capability of the CiTRANS 650 U3.2. Table 2-2 Applicable Service Types Service Category Service Type Reference Standard FE IEEE 802.783 E1 ITU-T G.3u 10GE LAN / WAN IEEE 802.707 STM-1 ITU-T G. 2. 2 Function 2.703 ITU-T G.824 ITU-T G.2. network-level protection and network management information protection.3. 2.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 2-3 Access Capability Service Accessed Line Service Type Card Name Interface Type Category Quantity XSV1 1 Optical interface 10GE XSV2 2 Optical interface Electrical Ethernet GSV4 8 interface service GE/FE hybrid MSV1 8 Optical interface GSV3 8 Optical interface ESV2 8 Optical interface Electrical E1 E1V1 32 CES service interface STM-1 S1V1 4 Optical interface 2. Table 2-4 Equipment-level Protection Protection Object Protection Mode Core switch and cross-connect card 1+1 hot standby Power card 1+1 hot standby Fan unit Hot standby E1 card TPS 1:1 protection 6 Version: A/1 .3 Protection Capability The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides equipment-level protection.1 Equipment-level Protection The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides abundant equipment-level protections. as shown in Table 2-4. If one of the fans fails or stops rotating. so as to facilitate the heat dissipation and guarantee the normal operating of the equipment. 2. When the active card fails. When all fans are operating normally. and the remaining fans run in full speed. Version: A/1 7 . The fan unit of the CiTRANS 650 U3 includes four fans that are working independently and performing mutual hot standby. Protection for the Fan Unit The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides intelligent fan unit protection. implementing 1+1 protection. as shown in Table 2-5. so as to implement the 1+1 protection.2 Network-level Protection The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides abundant network-level protections. so as to implement the TPS 1:1 protection. When the active card fails.3. TPS 1:1 Protection for the E1 Card It is recommended that two E1 cards and one terminal board should be configured for the CiTRANS 650 U3. services on the active card will be switched to the standby card. services on the active card will be switched to the standby card. 1+1 Protection for the Power Card It is recommended that two power cards in hot standby mode be configured for the CiTRANS 650 U3. When the active card fails. the fan unit will report the alarm information and refuse to receive the command from the core switch and cross-connect card. the power supply to which the standby card connects provides power for the equipment. the fan unit rotates according to the working mode set by the SRC2A card. 2 Function 1+1 Protection for the Core Switch and Cross-connect Card u It is recommended that two SNCV1 cards in hot standby mode be configured for the CiTRANS 650 U3. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 2-5 Network-level Protection Service Type Protection Protection mode LSP protection 1:1 PW APS protection 1:1. 8 Version: A/1 . The PW APS protection is implemented by configuring two PWs with the same source station but different sink stations (sink 1 and sink 2). the LSP protection can be divided into unidirectional and bidirectional protections. the PW OAM packet is used to test the quality of the service channel. the LSP protection can be divided into revertive and non- revertive modes. The PW 1:1 protection is applied in the scenario of same source and same sink. the active / standby status and switching status are exchanged on the protection path through the APS protocol. and the APS packet is used between two stations for interaction and switching. The PW redundancy protection is applied in the scenario of same source and different sinks. The equipment at both ends performs service switching according to protocol statuses and switching statuses. PW APS Protection In PW APS protection. When the working path fails. The PW APS protection is implemented by configuring two PWs with the same source and sink stations but with different paths that carry the Tunnel. Depending on whether the service is switched to the working path after the working path is back to normal. the protection path is used to protect the services transmitted over the working path. the service switches to the protection path. In LSP 1:1 protection. And depending on whether the Rx and Tx ends of the service are assisting the switching when the switching occurs. redundancy Ethernet service Ethernet LAG Port aggregation protection LSP 1:1 Protection In LSP 1:1 protection. The service protected by the LSP 1:1 protection is single-fed and single-received. When the network is normal. 2.3 Network Management Information Protection The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides a protection channel for network management information. network management information is transmitted on the working channel.3. other links will take over the traffic load of the failed link to achieve load sharing. when one link fails. and connected with the network management system host to establish the protection channel of the network management information. so as to facilitate better user experience and lower the maintenance budget. The NEs whose network management information should be protected is accessed into the data communication network (DCN). The OTNM2000 offered by FiberHome can implement the integrated management on various types of FiberHome’s transmission and access equipment with one platform. LAG provides larger bandwidth and higher reliability of the links. Members of the port aggregation group perform mutual dynamic backup protection. The OTNM2000 is the subnet of the TMN and designed in line with the OSI standard of ISO. an NE automatically switches to the protection channel to transmit network management information. Version: A/1 9 . 2 Function Ethernet LAG Protection A Link Aggregation Group (LAG) is a group of physical Ethernet interfaces with the same rate that are bound as a logical interface for the purpose of increasing the bandwidth and protecting link protection.4 Carrier-Class Network Management The CiTRANS 650 U3 uses the OTNM2000 Element Management System (hereinafter referred to as the OTNM2000) to realize the network management. 2. When the working channel fails. which allows the network management system to monitor and operate the entire network. This provides an evidence for the maintenance personnel to evaluate. and statistics collection related to performance data and alarms. with a large control scope. and fault diagnosis. or cards). u Alarm management: The OTNM2000 supports alarm management. predict and plan the network. u Performance management: The OTNM2000 provides the performance management function. browsing. u Network information configuration: includes setting up. including NE initialization and function configuration (adding or deleting NEs. prompt. subracks.1 Support of Centralized Configuration Management The CiTRANS 650 U3 uses the OTNM2000 to perform unified configuration management at the central office. 2. deleting. and low maintenance cost. and modifying) NEs that constitute a communication network. isolation and troubleshooting. filter. confirmation. It collects quality data and statistics on the actual operation of equipment in communication networks and monitors the status and performance of networks and equipment. as well as alarm relevance analysis and fault diagnosis. storage of alarmed signals. high management efficiency. produces reports and evaluation on the transport performance parameters of the communication equipment and networks. Configuration management includes network configuration and NE configuration. and reconfiguring physical links and channels and recovering routes when faults occur on the network. u NE information configuration: indicates managing (creating. 10 Version: A/1 .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 2. report.2 Support of Performance and Alarm Management The CiTRANS 650 U3 uses the OTNM2000 to perform performance management and alarm management and implements operations such as real-time collection. implements real-time monitoring on abnormal operation of the equipment and the network channels. clearing. analyze. modifying and deleting physical links and service channels of a network. performs monitoring.4.4. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the following interfaces of an in-band DCN: u GE interface u 10GE interface u STM-1 interface See Figure 2-1 for the in-band DCN network of the CiTRANS 650 U3. the DCN is used to transmit network management information.3 DCN Construction As a part of network management.3. 2.1 In-band DCN Network In an in-band DCN. network management information is transmitted via the service channel of the equipment. the service channel provided by the managed equipment is used to perform network equipment management. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports multiple DCN construction modes and isolation of MCN and SCN. Figure 2-1 The In-band DCN Network Diagram Version: A/1 11 . In this mode. 2 Function 2. This network mode is flexible and requires no additional equipment.4.4. and implements both in-band and out-of-band DCN network modes. 4. an out-of-band DCN provides management channels that are more reliable. Figure 2-2 The Out-of-band DCN Network Diagram 12 Version: A/1 . When service channels of an out-of-band DCN are faulty. channels other than service channels are used to transmit network management information to implement network management. An out-of-band DCN requires dedicated communication channels independent of service channels. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the following out-of-band DCN network modes: u E1 private line u Ethernet See Figure 2-2 for the out-of-band DCN network of the CiTRANS 650 U3.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 2. the network management center can set up a DCN with the managed equipment in multiple modes. network management information can be obtained in a timely manner and real-time network monitoring can be implemented.3. In out-of-band DCN network mode.2 Out-of-band DCN Network In an out-of-band DCN. Compared with an in-band DCN. 3 Product Feature The following introduces the technical and maintenance features of the CiTRANS 650 U3. OAM Feature QoS Feature Clock Feature Easy Maintenance Feature of Energy Saving And Emission Reduction Intelligent Fan Feature Version: A/1 13 . OAM. u Maintenance: Routine activities such as performing network and service tests and fault management. so as to trigger protection switching and ensure the carrier-class service quality in the unified switching network. the management of a network is usually classified into operation. prediction. u Transmits fault information to the management entity. and configuration for a network and services.1 OAM Feature Based on carriers' network operation requirements. and maintenance. so as to guarantee the normal operation of the network. so as to complete the OAM management functions at client side and various layers of MPLS-TP network. 3. generates maintenance information and evaluates network reliability according to the maintenance information. administration. Table 3-1 lists OAM standards supported by the CiTRANS 650 U3 at various layers of the network.3ah MPLS-TP OAM (TMS/TMP/TMC) GACh+Y. planning. u Bypasses the failed entity via scheduling or switching to other entities.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 3.3ah access link OAM. u Checks for network faults periodically and generates related maintenance and alarm information.1 Introduction to OAM The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports GACh+Y. u Operation and administration: Routine analysis. This can implement quick fault diagnosis. Table 3-1 Supported OAM Standards Network Layer Corresponding OAM Standard Access link OAM IEEE 802.1.1731 based Ethernet OAM. MPLS-TP network layer OAM and IEEE 802.1731 Ethernet OAM 14 Version: A/1 . The ITU-T defines the following OAM functions: u Monitors performance. that is. loopback detection. works at the data link layer. supports proactive and on-demand fault management mechanisms. protection switching. similar to the feature of the TDM network. It also implements the functions of automatic network fault detection. reports network status via the regular interacting of OAM PDU between devices and assists network administrators in efficiently managing the network.1731. a tool of monitoring network problems. alarm indication message. The OAM mechanism of the MPLS-TP complies with the standard GACh+Y. link tracing message. performance monitoring and fault isolation for hierarchical network. performing the OAM monitoring for each layer of the MPLS-TP.1731 standard. and performs functions such as Ethernet continuity check. The equipment can trigger the protection switching using the detecting status of OAM. It provides abundant service overhead. MPLS-TP OAM MPLS-TP OAM can effectively detect and isolate defects in an MPLS-TP network and monitor the network performance. so as to implement quick fault detection and service protection. and guarantee the carrier-class QoS in the unified switching network. 3 Product Feature Access Link OAM The access link OAM is an end-to-end OAM function specific to services and supports the detection on quality of Ethernet link across multiple NEs. maintenance communication channel message. and remote defect indication. The Ethernet OAM is compliant with the ITU-T Y. Version: A/1 15 . Ethernet OAM Ethernet OAM. MPLS-TP has the similar function as the OAM management function of the TDM. u Provides the OAM function related to the performance monitoring. which is different from the traditional packet transport technology and is the key technology of MPLS-TP. performs the online measurement of network performance and performance report function.3 MPLS-TP OAM Function Signaling In the aspect of layer. and each layer supports independent OAM functions. The end-to-end fault management function at the VC-layer can be performed in the MPLS-TP network.2 MPLS-TP OAM Mechanism Compared to the OAM functions of TDM/SONET and ATM. 3.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 3.1. providing operators with more convenient maintenance operation methods for daily network checking. fault detection and performance monitoring. u Provides OAM functions for daily maintenance. 16 Version: A/1 . the traditional packet based network management and maintenance functions are relatively weak and cannot provide end-to-end service management. isolation. u Provides the OAM function related to the fault management. u Supports hierarchical OAM functions. VP and VS. so as to meet the requirements of various network deployment policies. The main OAM functions are as described follows. performs the automatic detection. including loopback and locking. the OAM includes VC. checking and verification. as shown in Figure 3-1. The end-to-end performance measurement function at the VC-layer can be performed in the MPLS-TP network. notification of network faults. The MPLS-TP OAM provides up to eight MEG layers (0 to 7).1. u Other OAMs. Version: A/1 17 . Below are usages of each OAM signaling. 3 Product Feature Figure 3-1 MPLS-TP OAM Hierarchical Model In the aspect of function. the main functions of the MPLS-TP OAM include the following aspects: u Alarm related OAM. u LB: Loopback function. u Performance related OAM. Alarm Related OAM u CC: Detects whether the connection is normal. used to bear the SSM information. used to transmit the specific functions of the OAM frame of the equipment provider. Other OAMs u APS: Automatic protection switching signaling. u DM: Packet delay and packet delay variation measurements signaling. used to bear the MCC information. used to inform a MEP. and test the total packet transport delay and delay variation of packets from MEP A to MEP B and that of packets from MEP B to MEP A. u SSM: Synchronization status message signaling. defined by the ITU-T Rec. u AIS: Informs the path failure signal in service layer to the client layer.8131 / G. The testing request initiated by one MEP to another MEP. u RDI: Indicates remote defect. Performance Related OAM u LM : Frame loss measurement signaling. defined by the G. u VS: Vendor specific signaling. used to transmit frames out of experimental purpose in the administrative domain. u MCC: Management communication channel signaling. G. used to transmit the fail signal of client layer at the source end of the MPLS-TP path to the sink end of the MPLS-TP path. 18 Version: A/1 .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description u LT: Determines the path from the source end to the destination maintenance end point. used to test the unidirectional or bidirectional frame loss rate from one MEP to another MEP.VPIs- mgmt. used to test packet transport delay and delay variation from one MEP to another MEP.8261. related service layer and sublayer MEP to interrupt normal services because of the management requirement. u EX: Experimental signaling. u CSF: Client signal fail signaling. u SCC: Transmits the control plane information from one MEP to the peer MEP. u TST: Testing signaling. defined by the ITU-T G. u LCK: Locking signaling.8132. transmitting the APS frame to the opposite end equipment to execute the protection switching operation. 2.2 QoS Feature The following introduces the QoS feature of the CiTRANS 650 U3. u Packet loss rate: maximum proportion of discarded packets. QoS does not contribute to increase of bandwidth but it can be used to allocate and monitor network resources properly to minimize network delay and jitter and ensure the quality of key services. 3 Product Feature 3. 3. u Jitter: time deviation in arrival of packets in a group transmitted via the same route. u Delay: time spent in transmitting a packet between two reference points. every user and every user service. u Throughput: packet transmission rate. Version: A/1 19 . The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides the hierarchical end-to-end QoS management and the hierarchically differentiated and fine-grained transmission service based on stream for every user group. indicated by the average rate or peak rate. and also has a complete QoS scheduling mechanism.2 QoS Capability The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides hierarchical end-to-end QoS management and high-quality differentiated transmission service. 3.1 QoS Overview QoS is referred to as performance of data flows on a network and proposed to ensure end-to-end service quality. QoS can be measured using the following indicators: u Service availability: time in which service running is guaranteed.2. the newly arriving packets are dropped until the queue has enough room to accept inbound traffic. the CiTRANS 650 U3 employs certain queue buffering management policies to preferentially ensure the QoS of services with high priorities. 20 Version: A/1 . or set a specific PHB service level. VPWS flows. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports two types of queue buffering management policies: tail drop and WRED.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Traffic Bandwidth Control The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the add / drop traffic bandwidth control policy of multiple layers as shown below: u Traffic bandwidth control based on MPLS TUNNEL u Traffic bandwidth control based on PW u Traffic bandwidth control based on VPWS u Traffic bandwidth control based on VPLS-VS u Traffic bandwidth control based on VPLS emulation LAN Service Priority Mapping The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports DiffServ. Queue Buffer Management When network congestion occurs. and LAN ports emulated over VPLS. VPLS-VS. the CiTRANS 650 U3 maps user priority and TMC layer priority carried in received packets to PHBs and maps PHBs in the transmitted packets to the TMC / TMP layer priority. It completely implements PHB defined in the standard on the MPLS-TP network so that carriers can provide services of differentiated QoS levels for users. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports setting PHBs for VPWS. When forwarding data. Users can either choose from the existing mapping table for the PHB and TMC priority level. u Tail drop When the queue is filled to its maximum capacity. used to limit the traffic rate of entering networks. the CiTRANS 650 U3 uses different queue scheduling policies to guarantee the QoS of services with high priority.2. 802. the QoS mechanism includes traffic classification.3 QoS Mechanism Combined with the QoS technology of the MPLS-TP. u WFQ: Queues are fairly scheduled based on their weights assigned. queues with lower priority are assigned lower weights and therefore occupy less bandwidth. marking. The MPLS- TP generally supports eight types of priorities according to the DiffServ specification. 3 Product Feature u WRED When the output buffer zone is below the START threshold. Version: A/1 21 . packets in a lower-priority queue are sent only when those in higher-priority queues are all sent. no data packet is discarded. Queue Scheduling When congestion occurs. the discarding rate is an average-queue-length function. In this case. and the marking contents include TOS. The purpose of traffic classification is to differentiate services. MPLS EXP. 3. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports two types of queue scheduling policies as follows: u SP: Packets in queues are scheduled based on the queue priority. DSCP. Similarly. traffic policing. u Traffic policing: One action is used after the traffic classification. u Traffic classification: The traffic is a group of data message with the same feature and the classification of services can be based on the data message traffic. so as to facilitate the treatment of data message. queue scheduling. When the output buffer zone is above the END threshold. u Priority marking: Provides priority making services for the designated message. When the output buffer zone is between the START and END thresholds.1p. traffic shaping. Queues with higher priority are assigned higher weights and therefore occupy more bandwidth. all data packets are discarded. and congestion avoidance. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description u Traffic shaping: Sets limits on the burst of traffic. so as to transmit the message traffic in an even rate and output the packet delay in the service traffic and comply with the rules in the service model. and uses one clock input / output interface to implement physical-layer clock synchronization. 3.3 Clock Feature The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the physical-layer clock synchronization mechanism and the IEEE 1588v2 time synchronization protocol. which is called the congestion management. Physical-layer Clock Synchronization In physical-layer clock synchronization. clock information is extracted from the signals transmitted on physical channels for frequency synchronization. u Queue scheduling: When the congestion occurs. The way how the forwarding equipment in the network will implement the resource scheduling strategy decides the order of performing message forwarding. traffic classification deciding the queue belonging of the message.3.1 Clock Signal Synchronization The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports physical-layer clock synchronization and 1588v2 time synchronization. The congestion management uses the queue mechanism and includes creation of queue. u Congestion avoidance: Monitors the utilization status of network resource (such as queue or memory buffer) and uses the strategy of discarding the message actively when overloads are not serious in the network. Congestion avoidance is a kind of traffic strategy by reducing the network load to relieve or remove the network congestion. The random early detection RED discard algorithm can avoid the TCP global synchronization generally. The CiTRANS 650 U3 can extract clock information from the following links: u E1 interface u FE interface 22 Version: A/1 . multiple messages compete for the use of resource. and the scheduling strategy among queues. 3. u Supports three clock modes. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the following features of 1588v2: u Supports clock and time synchronization using the 1588v2 protocol.3. 3. and provide stratum 3 clock sources of 2048 kHz / 2048 kbit/s (HDB3) coding externally. Version: A/1 23 . 3 Product Feature u GE interface u 10GE interface u STM-1 interface The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports two channels of external clock source input and output. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports three clock working modes for processing and transmitting SSM: locked. Below are the detailed introduction to these two technologies.2 Clock and Time Synchronization Technology The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the synchronous Ethernet technology and 1588v2 time synchronization technology to implement clock and time synchronization. 1588v2 Time Synchronization 1588v2 is a time synchronization protocol that provides an accuracy of nanoseconds and can meet the requirement of 3G base stations. and free running. It can use clock interfaces of 75Ω and 120Ω. hold-over. Each port can be configured to work in desired mode. 4 Boundary clock mode 4 Ordinary clock mode 4 Transparent clock mode (including the end-to-end transparent clock and the point-to-point transparent clock) u Protection switching between synchronization reference sources. 24 Version: A/1 . The equipment selects the best clock source according to the SSM of the ESMC message. Its rules and clock selection algorithm comply with the ITU-T G. the clock is recovered from the Ethernet physical link. Working Principle The clock transmission mechanism of the synchronous Ethernet is similar to that of the TDM network. Ethernet synchronization message channels (ESMC) are added on the basis of the traditional clock network. The clock synchronization quality of synchronous Ethernet is similar to those of a TDM network and can not be influenced by the network congestion. At present. the synchronous Ethernet only supports the transmission of the frequency signals but does not support the transmission of time signals. The Ethernet scheme is only applicable to the scenario which does not need the time synchronization. SSM control of the synchronous Ethernet inherits the features of the TDM network. That is. Clock tree deployment and clock quality the same as those of the TDM/SONET network can be provided.2. An Ethernet synchronization message channel is a unidirectional broadcast protocol channel at the media access control (MAC) layer. so as to realize the network clock synchronization.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 3.1 Synchronous Ethernet Technology Background Information Synchronous Ethernet. See Figure 3-2 for the principle of synchronous Ethernet. is a technology that physical layer (PHY) chip of the Ethernet bit steams are used to recover clocks of the Rx end.781 standard. Basic Concept Synchronization status information (SSM) algorithm is sourced from clock synchronization control of TDM. This mode is the same with the TDM clock recovery mode and can get the similar TDM clock precision. packet loss and delay.823 standard. The quality of the recovered clock is not affected by service traffic on the link. shortened as SyncE. It is used for transmitting SSMs between devices. meeting the timing interface specifications defined in the ITU-T G.3. Network Application See Figure 3-3 for the synchronous network scheme of frequency synchronization. Version: A/1 25 . 3 Product Feature Figure 3-2 Synchronous Ethernet Working Principle A high-precision timing signal is injected into the Ethernet clock processing module of equipment at the source side (NE1) and transmitted via line transmitting module as the system clock after being processed. The signal precision can be synchronous with the source end without loss in the process of transmission. The signal is extracted from the bit stream of equipment at the Rx side (NE2). 2 IEEE 1588v2 Time Synchronization Background Information 1588v2 time synchronization involves coding time information in master/slave clock mode and implementing master/slave time synchronization by using the network symmetry and delay measurement technology. 26 Version: A/1 .2.3.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 3-3 Frequency Synchronization Network Diagram 3. the time protocol. which supports IPv6 and discovering a server dynamically. But the stability and accuracy of NTP cannot meet the telecommunication network requirements. Table 3-2 1588v2 Clock Description Item GPS NTP CNSS Atomic Clock 1588v2 Typical timing 20ns 10ms 100ns 10ns 100ns accuracy Satellite coverage Yes No Yes No No needed Locking time 40s 30ns 60s . the cost is low. The IETF is standardizing NTPv4. 60ns Integrated cost Medium Low High High Low Ethernet port No Support No No Support supported Controllability Low High Medium High High Security Low Low High High Medium Reliability Medium High Medium High High Version: A/1 27 . and Network Time Protocol (NTP) are used for time synchronization on the packet network. The accuracy is of ns level. so its accuracy is relatively low. and it can be used in different access conditions. Features and Advantages As shown in Table 3-2. 1588v2 has obvious advantages compared with traditional timing technologies. It applies to inter-exchange time and frequency transmission on different transport platforms. with the synchronization accuracy of 10 μs. daytime protocol. Frequencies can be transmitted unidirectionally in packet-based time transmission mode based on 1588v2 timestamps. The NTPv3 (widely used currently) can reach an accuracy of approximately 10 ms. which is widely applied on unified switching devices. 1588v2 is a unified method for providing time synchronization and frequency synchronization in the future. 3 Product Feature Process Before the 1588v2 technology is introduced. The NTP is implemented completely via software. 1588v2 has become an inevitable trend of development at the industrial background with increasingly higher accuracy requirements. Time synchronization can also be implemented by using the 1588v2 protocol. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Basic Concept u PTP port status 4 MASTER: master clock port that transmits time synchronization information to the downlink slave port. 4 SLAVE: slave clock port that receives the time synchronization information sent from the uplink master port. It transmits the time information transparently. Figure 3-4 Time Synchronization Mode Diagram u BMC (Best Master Clock) algorithm 28 Version: A/1 . 4 Boundary Clock: applicable to intermediate nodes. of which one serves as the slave clock port and others serve as the master clock ports. one 1588 port is provided as the slave or master clock port. Multiple 1588 ports are provided. 4 Transparent Clock: generally used at the intermediate node of the network to transmit the clock transparently. u 1588v2 time synchronization node mode 4 Ordinary Clock: applicable to beginning equipment and terminal equipment. for notifying NE2 of the time Tm2. 4 Ethernet synchronization interface: The Ethernet interface supports the PTP synchronization. 5. and record the time when this packet leaves NE1. In the BMC algorithm. The corresponding timestamp is Ts1. but the base station needs to support the PTP protocol and clock recovery functions. Version: A/1 29 . including the FE and GE interfaces. The base station does not need to support the 1588v2 function. 3. When this PTP packet reaches NE2. The base station or other equipment needing the time information recovers the time information from this interface directly. The corresponding timestamp is t1. When NE1 receives the response packet. 4. clock performance data is compared to determine the optimal clock in the local network. which serves as the master clock. NE2 records the time t2 of this PTP packet leaving NE2. NE1 transmits the Follow_Up message to NE2. This mode can support a long transmission distance. The operating principle of the NTP is described as follows: 1. it adds a new timestamp Tm2. See Figure 3-5 for the entire synchronization process. The in-the-site equipment NE1 transmits the Follow_Up message to the in-the- site equipment NE2. for notifying NE2 of the time t1. the round trip delay of packets on the network is estimated to estimate the equipment clock deviation independently. 3 Product Feature The BMC algorithm is the core technology of the 1588v2 protocol. u Synchronization interface 4 1PPS&ToD interface: the time information is transferred via the1PPS&ToD interface. 6. When this PTP packet leaves NE2. 2. NE2 adds the timestamp of receiving this packet. NE1 transmits a PTP packet to NE2. thereby implementing time synchronization through master / slave synchronization. Working Principle In 1588v2. Network Application See Figure 3-6 for the time synchronization network scheme based on the MPLS-TP.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 3-5 1588v2 Time Synchronization Principle Diagram Users can calculate the delta-T (dt) and delay between NE1 and NE2 using the following formulas: u delta-T: dt=[(Ts1-t1)-(Tm2-t2)]/2 u Delay: Delay=[(Ts1-t1)+(Tm2-t2)]/2 Via the two key parameters. NE2 can synchronize with NE1. 30 Version: A/1 . 3 Product Feature Figure 3-6 1588v2 Time Synchronization Network Diagram 3. A port can be set to Master or Slave.3. supports the configurable message transmitting interval and supports PTP parameter setting. Version: A/1 31 . 4 Supports compensation for asymmetric path delay (the compensation step is no more than 10ns).3 Time Signal Synchronization Capability The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports two time signal synchronization modes: in-band (1588v2 interface) and out-of-band (1PPS&ToD interface). The performance specifications are as follows: u In-band (1588v2 interface) mode 4 Supports OC and BC. APR function. pluggable optical modules and supports remote software upgrade function. Table 3-3 Standards Applicable to the Time Synchronization Signal Design Number Title Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for IEEE 1588-2008 Networked Measurement and Control Systems 3GPP TR 25. The rise time is less than 50ns. 32 Version: A/1 . and the ToD information labels the rise time of the current 1PPS.4. which is convenient for the project start-up.836 NodeB synchronization for TDD 3. 4 1PPS: The rising edge is used as the on-time edge. equipment maintenance and system upgrading in the future. 3. The time synchronization signals of the CiTRANS 650 U3 comply with the standards listed in Table 3-3. The transmitting frequency of the ToD protocol message is once per second. The OTU card has the wavelength tunability function. The EMS can automatically identify the card and the card can automatically store information about card operation and card failures. There is one start bit (shown in low level) and one stop bit (shown in high level).CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description u Out-of-band (1PPS&ToD) mode 4 ToD information: The default baud rate is 9600 without parity check.1 Remote Software Upgrade of Cards Remote upgrading of the card software to a new version can be conducted via the EMS computer. The pulse width is about 180ms. Idle frames are high level and contain eight data bits each.4 Easy Maintenance The following introduces functions of the OTU card of the CiTRANS 650 U3. The ToD information transmission occurs at 1ms after the rising edge of the 1 pps and completes within 500ms. 4. NE information can be automatically created and the network topology be plotted on the OTNM2000. 3.5 Prompt of Power Failure The prompt of power failure can be used to ascertain whether NE communication interruption is caused by fiber break or equipment power failure. 3. the pre-configuration of these cards via the network management system is not needed.4. the connection of equipment to the OTNM2000 is simplified and automated.3 Automatic Storage of Card Operation and Fault Message When faults occur on the equipment. and the user experience is improved. 3 Product Feature 3.2 Automatic Identification of Cards via the EMS The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the card bootstrap function. 3. In this way. Users can obtain related data and information of faults by querying Log in the network management system. the network management system can automatically identify and monitor the newly installed cards inside the NE provided that it can monitor the NE management card.4. which facilitates the equipment start-up and capacity expansion. the failure can be handled in a rapid and accurate way. the card can promptly store various data and information concerning the failure for cause analysis. Version: A/1 33 . During the process of equipment start-up or capacity expansion. In this case.4 Automatic Discovery of NEs The equipment management channel interoperability can be implemented when the equipment is in the delivery configuration mode. When the equipment is connected to the OTNM2000. In this way.4. u Uses fully SFP+-based 10G optical module. 34 Version: A/1 . including full speed in manual mode. u Uses the high-efficient secondary power module. engineers can handle the fault in the shortest time. u The optical module can automatically disables the laser to maintain the low power consumption when the fiber cut occurs or the service is not loaded. 3.5 Feature of Energy Saving And Emission Reduction The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports the following features of energy saving and emission reduction. u Intelligent mode: The fan unit automatically adjusts the fan rotation speed according to the change of the equipment temperature. In this way. u Manual mode: The fan unit can work based on the rotational level set on the OTNM2000. Product Design u Improves the chip design to lower the power consumption. slow speed in manual mode. u The cross-connect card supports the automatic power saving function. Air Cooling Design u The equipment provides two fan speed control modes: intelligent mode and manual mode. After the prompt of power failure is enabled. fast speed in manual mode. both the power-failure of equipment and fiber cut of NE are displayed as NE communication interruption on the EMS.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description During engineering maintenance. engineers can ascertain the detailed fault of the NE by checking whether a prompt alarm of power failure occurs on its neighboring NE. which disables the corresponding port if no cross-connect data occurs. and low speed in manual mode. u Enhances the card integration and reduces the single bit power consumption. 3. u The plugs and connectors can be found easily. In this way. Adjusts the fan rotation speed according to the ambient temperature when the equipment management card is not present. After it is configured to the intelligent fan mode. 3 Product Feature Packing Design u Provides the required packing. u The stickers of the equipment such as the labels can be easily removed. All the packing materials can be easily decomposed. the air cooling of the equipment can be ensured and the requirements on low noise emission can be met. the rotation speed of the fan will change according to the inner temperature of the equipment. u The product packing can be easily disassembly. u Manual full speed / fast speed / slow speed / stop mode: Rotates at the speed configured manually. u The identifier information such as the silk screen is carved on the panel or subrack. The operations can be implemented with common and simple tools. u Fan intelligent control: Adjusts the fan rotation speed according to the subrack temperature when the equipment management card is present. Version: A/1 35 . and the size of the equipment and accessories after being packed is no more than three times of that before packing.6 Intelligent Fan Feature The CiTRANS 650 U3 fan unit boasts the intelligent fan characteristics. so as to adjust the temperature on a real time and guarantee that all cards are working under the normal temperature. 4 Product Structure The following introduces the architecture of the CiTRANS 650 U3. Logical Structure Hardware Structure Software Architecture 36 Version: A/1 . and includes the following contents. 1 Logical Structure The CiTRANS 650 U3's functional modules include the service processing module. u Line side: 10GE. 4 Product Structure 4. supports transferring overhead information. NE management module. GE and STM-1. clock module. GE. u Client side: 10GE. Figure 4-1 Functional Module Diagram Service Processing Module The service processing module includes the client interface. Unified switching chip: Processes service signals accessed by the equipment. E1 and STM-1. FE. Version: A/1 37 . The equipment is able to access multiple services via client side interfaces and line side interfaces. as shown in Figure 4-1. line interface and unified switching core. cooling module and power module. NE Management Module The control and management module implements communications between cards via the internal bus of the system. manages card information and enables the card bootstrap. After selecting the optimal clock source and synchronizing the phase lock for the optimal clock source. The module receives time signals through the external time interface. u Supports the fan rotational speeds at full speed. Power Module The power module provides power supply for various modules of the system. It also provides clock signal output. including the Ethernet interface. slow and stopped. network management interface. fast.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description This module provides various management interfaces and auxiliary interfaces. 38 Version: A/1 . u Supports transient power interruption protection to prevent the system from being damaged by lightning. meeting synchronization requirements of carrier-class network equipment. The module receives external input clock sources through the external clock interface. the module provides the system clock to other modules. Cooling Module The cooling module cools and dissipates heat for the system. u Supports time synchronization. equipment commissioning interface and alarm interface. u Provides two channels of -48V power supplies in active / standby mode. u Supports extracting and processing synchronization signals and synchronization clock status information from the customer interface and line interface. It provides synchronous time to system modules and time signal output. The functions are described as follows: u Supports regional temperature detection and alarm within the subrack. etc. It consists of the fan unit and intelligent fan control software.1as. Clock and Time Control Module The clock and time control module supports physical-layer clock synchronization and time synchronization complying with 1588v2 / IEEE 802. u Supports processing and transmitting synchronization clock status information. u Supports manual configuration of the fan rotational speeds. 1 Introduction to Cabinet The CiTRANS 650 U3 can be installed in the 19-inch cabinet. subracks. Table 4-1 Cabinet Information Type Code Dimensions (H×W×D) (mm) Weight (kg) Appearance 4102596 1600×600×600 94 4102597 2000×600×600 109 19-inch cabinet Figure 4-2 4102598 2200×600×600 117 4102599 2600×600×600 134 4102589 1600×600×300 51 21-inch cabinet 4102590 2000×600×300 61 with front vertical Figure 4-3 4102591 2200×600×300 71 mounting flanges 4102592 2600×600×300 76 4102661 1600×600×300 51 21-inch cabinet 4102662 2000×600×300 61 with rear vertical Figure 4-4 4102663 2200×600×300 71 mounting flanges 4102664 2600×600×300 76 Version: A/1 39 . Table 4-1 describes the information of each type of cabinet. 4. 4 Product Structure 4.2 Hardware Structure The hardware of the CiTRANS 650 U3 includes the cabinet for housing subracks.2. the 21-inch cabinet with front vertical mounting flanges or the 21-inch cabinet with rear vertical mounting flanges. and auxiliaries including Power Distribution Panels (PDPs). and cards. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 4-2 Appearance of the 19-inch Cabinet 40 Version: A/1 . 4 Product Structure Figure 4-3 Appearance of the 21-inch Cabinet with Front Vertical Mounting Flanges Version: A/1 41 . CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 4-4 Appearance of the 21-inch Cabinet with Rear Vertical Mounting Flanges 42 Version: A/1 . Version: A/1 43 . 4. u For the CiTRANS 650 U3: 4 In a 19-inch cabinet: reserve a height of at least 2U (1U=44.2. 4. u If the cabinet is not fully configured.1 Appearance The appearance of the PDP (3000068) is shown in Figure 4-5.2. arrange the subrack from the bottom up. and reserve the upper space for future capacity expansion.3 PDP Used by the CiTRANS 650 U3 The following introduces the functions and appearance of the PDP (3000068) used by the CiTRANS 650 U3.3. 4 In a 21-inch cabinet: reserve a height of at least 100mm above and below the subrack respectively.2.45mm) above and below the subrack respectively. To guarantee the normal air cooling and wiring. the installation of each part should follow the principles below.2 Equipment Layout The quantity of the CiTRANS 650 U3 subracks that can be installed in cabinets varies with the cabinet dimensions. 4 Product Structure 4. The maximum output current of a single channel of power is 32A. Meanwhile. the power cabinet) and provides three sets of redundant branch power rails (six branch power rails total)..CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 4-5 Appearance of the PDP (3000068) 4. It inducts external power and distributes it among other electrified equipment inside the cabinet. and then displays and outputs the alarm signals. The major functions of the PDP are as follows: u Power distribution: Inducts two channels of -48V power (one active and one standby) from the external (e.g.3. 44 Version: A/1 .2 Function The PDP (3000068) mainly performs the functions of power supply distribution. Note: Refer to PDP296B User Guide for the detailed introduction to the input and output current of the PDP.2. alarm signal processing. and reverse polarity connection protection. lightning protection. the PDP receives the alarm signals from other equipment inside the cabinet. 4. and reports them to the network management system via the equipment.1 Function The subrack is used to hold various types of cards to achieve communication and data exchange between cards via the subrack backplane.2. u Supports alarm signal processing: Receives alarm signals reported from the corresponding equipment via the three alarm convergence connectors. 4. structure and technical specifications of the CiTRANS 650 U3 subrack.2. u Lightning protection: Effectively blocks the 4kV (under the common mode) / 2kV (under the differential mode) inductive lightning strike (1. 4.4 CiTRANS 650 U3 Subrack The following introduces the function.2 Structure The appearance of the CiTRANS 650 U3 subrack is shown in Figure 4-6. illuminates the cabinet-top indicator LEDs and outputs alarm signals to the upper layer equipment (such as the head of row cabinet). 4 Product Structure u Supports protection against reverse polarity connection. the PDP outputs the lightning protection failure signals.2/50us to 8/20us combination wave) on the power cable. provides audio alarms for the signals.2. Version: A/1 45 . u Supports the lightning protection module alarm report: When the lightning protection module fails.4. 4. the core switch (2) Card area and cross-connect card.2. Table 4-2 Description of the Subrack Structure Number Name Description Located at the left part of the subrack. 46 Version: A/1 . used for holding (1) Fan unit area the fan unit Used for containing the service card. and the power card to implement different functions of the equipment (3) Mounting ear Used for securing the subrack in the cabinet 4.3 Slot Distribution Figure 4-7 shows the slot distribution of the CiTRANS 650 U3 subrack.4.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description (1) Fan unit area (2) Card area (3) Mounting ear Figure 4-6 Subrack Appearance Table 4-2 describes each part of the subrack. 12 SNCV1 cross-connect card 13.g. other cards except for the 01 to 10 Slot for service card SNCV1 card and power card Note: It is recommended that the E1V1 and GSV4 cards be inserted in the slots 5. power card. 14 Slot for power card Power card All service cards. e. 6. 4. See Table 4-3 for the corresponding relationship between the slots and cards. Version: A/1 47 . Table 4-3 Corresponding Relationship between Cards and Subrack Slots Slot Slot Type Applicable Card Type Slot for core switch and 11. 4 Product Structure Figure 4-7 Slot Distribution of the Subrack Slots 1 to 10 are used for various types of service card. 9 and 10 on the CiTRANS 650 U3. and core switch and cross-connect card according to functions.2.5 Card Classification and Corresponding Slot The cards of the CiTRANS 650 U3 can be classified as the tributary/line interface card. and the rest slots are only used for specific cards. see Table 4-4 for the card classification. 4.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 4-4 Card Classification and Corresponding Slot Applicable Slot on the CiTRANS Category Card Meaning 650 U3 XSV1 1-port 10GE interface card 1 to 10 10G service card XSV2 2-ports 10GE interface card 1 to 10 8-ports GE/FE interface optical MSV1 1 to 10 card 8-ports GE/FE interface electric GSV4 1 to 10 card GE/FE hybrid service card 8-ports GE Optical Interface GSV3 1 to 10 Card 8-ports FE Optical Interface ESV2 1 to 10 Card STM-1 service card S1V1 4 STM-1 optical interface card 1 to 10 E1 service card E1V1 32 port E1 line card with CES 1 to 10 Core switch and cross- connect card of the SNCV1 Control switch unit (U3) 11. 9 and 10 on the CiTRANS 650 U3.6 Positioning of Cards in the System Figure 4-8 shows the positioning of CiTRANS 650 U3 cards in the system. 14 Fan unit FAN Fan unit 15 Note: It is recommended that the E1V1 and GSV4 cards be inserted in the slots 5.2. 6. 12 CiTRANS 650 U3 Power card PWR DC power card 13. 48 Version: A/1 . 4 Product Structure Figure 4-8 Positioning of Common Cards in the System 4.3 Software Architecture The CiTRANS 650 U3 software includes communication protocol and interface. Version: A/1 49 . the EMU software and the network management software. the BMU software. 4 The OTNM2000 communicates with the EMU through the Q interface. Figure 4-9 System Software Architecture 4. 50 Version: A/1 . and monitoring for the equipment.2 Communication Protocol and Interface The communication protocols and interfaces of the software modules are described as follows: u The OTNM2000 provides the Q and CORBA interfaces. Its software consists of the BMU.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 4.3. the NE management card. EMU. The components work with each other to perform configuration. and OTNM2000. management. and the network management host. The system software architecture is shown in Figure 4-9. which respectively run on the functional cards.1 Overview The CiTRANS 650 U3 uses a modularized software architecture.3. The Q interface runs the FiberHome proprietary communication protocol. which is a physical channel. The management function mainly involves maintaining remote objects.3. u NEs (EMUs) communicate with each other over the ESC. u The EMU communicates with the BMU over the LAN. u Network communication protocol stack software The network communication protocol stack software performs management information exchange between the EMS and the NE and between various NEs. The EML serves as a higher-level manager for managers at the NEL. the EMU software performs card management in an NE via a unified Ethernet bus. 4. The applicable communication protocol is IP. Based on manager/agent model. At the NE layer. schedules tasks. 4 A: Collects and processes performance. alarm / fault and status data of each BMU in the local NE. Version: A/1 51 . 4 Product Structure 4 The OTNM2000 communicates with the upper-level management system through the CORBA interface. performs storage management. The operating system assists the execution of programs. The functions of each module of the EMU software are described as follows: u Management/Agent application module The management / agent application module includes the manager (M) and agent (A). u Real-time operating system Uses an embedded real-time operating system to manage resources. and receives and responds to related commands and operations related to the local NE issued by the manager. and implements communication among processes.3 EMU Software The EMU software uses an embedded real-time multi-task operating system. manages peripheral devices. The applicable communication protocol is IP. the NE management card may be designated as agent (A) or manager/agent (M/A) (providing management functions). 4 M/A: Serves as an agent of objects of the local NE and manages objects of other managed NEs. performance management. The software architecture is shown in Figure 4-10. The OTNM2000 supports SQL database and Informix database. and security management for the management module.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 4. graphical user interface (GUI) module. data processing module.3. u The management module consists of two parts: configuration management and monitoring management. 52 Version: A/1 . Figure 4-10 OTNM2000 Software Structure The modules are described as follows: u The data collection module collects the alarm and performance data of managed objects. u The data processing module provides fault management. The data processing module analyzes and processes the collected data and then stores the data in the database. configuration management.4 Network Management Software The OTNM2000 is developed based on Windows 2000 Server and consists of the data collection module. and database. alarm query. service configuration. and area configuration. It provides switch connection configuration. Version: A/1 53 . physical configuration. and fault management. 4 The monitoring management part is the core of the OTNM2000. performance query. 4 Product Structure 4 The configuration management part performs logical configuration. 5 Service Application The following introduces the types of services provided by the CiTRANS 650 U3 and the network application for each type of service. It covers the following topics: Ethernet Service CES Service Coarse-grained Private Line Service Base Station GE / FE Service Bearing 54 Version: A/1 . E-Line service u Ethernet Private LAN. Version: A/1 55 . Constructing the private network by utilizing the public network not only enables network operators to provide high- performance and low-cost carrier-class network for users. The L2VPN not only eliminates the shortcomings of traditional IP network. but also provides a good profiting mode for network operators themselves. but also has distinguished itself for following aspects: security. security. so it cannot meet the requirements of clients adequately.e. 5.2 Service Example The following introduces the three types of Ethernet services provided by the CiTRANS 650 U3 respectively via examples.1. Example of E-Line Service Figure 5-1 shows an example of the E-Line service provided by the CiTRANS 650 U3. it can fully meet the requirements for VPN services of subscribers. frame relay and ATM network. The VPN (Virtual Private Network) refers to the virtual private network provided for clients via the public network by network operators.e. QoS and traffic engineering.. E-LAN service u Ethernet Private Tree. management and maintenance.1. i. Therefore. the L2VPN based on MPLS has emerged as the times require.1 Ethernet Service The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports multiple types of Ethernet services and provides an impeccable L2VPN solution.1 Service Type The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides three types of the Ethernet service. broad band. i. 5 Service Application 5. E-Tree service 5.. real time.e. convenience and low construction cost.. i. To solve these problems. But the traditional VPN has obvious shortcomings in the following aspects: VPN expansibility. u Ethernet Private Line. Company K has the branch 1 deployed in cities A and B. Service data of different companies are distinguished using different VPWS tags. The branches of each of the three companies need to exchange data.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Company X has two branches in cities A and C. B. and branch 2 deployed in cities A. Figure 5-1 Example of E-Line Service Example of E-LAN Service Figure 5-2 shows an example of the E-LAN service provided by the CiTRANS 650 U3. Branches 1 and 2 has no business contact and need to be isolated from each other. so that the requirements for communication and service data separation can be met at the same time. and company Z has two branches in cities A and B. The headquarters needs to communicate with the branches and access the Internet. The CiTRANS 650 U3 can provide the private line service for three companies. company Y has two branches in cities B and C. and C. 56 Version: A/1 . The headquarters of Company K is in city C. Service data of different branches are labeled with different VPLS tags. The Internet access data of the headquarters is isolated from the internal service data through VPLS. In this way. Version: A/1 57 . 3. Multiple services between key clients and the RNC are aggregated to the 3G core network through the E-Tree service between the CiTRANS 650 U3 and the CiTRANS 660. Figure 5-2 Example of E-LAN Service Example of E-Tree Service Figure 5-3 shows an example of the E-Tree service provided by the CiTRANS 650 U3. data can be shared within a branch whereas data of different branches is isolated. 5 Service Application The CiTRANS 650 U3 is deployed to provide the E-LAN service for company K. In the example. a 3G network is constructed for a carrier and services of key clients need to be aggregated and transmitted to the 3G core network. 5. The FE/E1 services of key clients are accessed on nodes 1. The E-Tree service is a type of multipoint-to-point bidirectional convergence service. and 9. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 5-3 Example of E-Tree Service 5. so as to realize the unified transmission and bearing for IP-based multiple services. The CiTRANS 650 U3 is generally used in the trunk convergence nodes in the packet MAN. 58 Version: A/1 .3 Application Scenario The application scenario of the CiTRANS 650 U3 is shown in Figure 5-4.1. the LTE has following advantages: u OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) improves the spectrum utilization and minimizes the terminal cost. the CiTRANS 650 U3 also supports the LTE service known as the next version of the mobile network. u MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) improves link capacity and overcomes multipath interference. Compared with the existing 2G / 3G networks. Version: A/1 59 . 5 Service Application Figure 5-4 Application Scenario Besides the above application. Figure 5-5 Application in the LTE Service 60 Version: A/1 . RRC. It still acts as the trunk convergence node. and the original backbone networks are merged and simplified into MME and SGW. access control. See Figure 5-5 for the application of the CiTRANS 650 U3 in the LTE service. bearer control. access mobility management and Inter-cellRRM ) of the original RNC (Radio Network Controller). MAC layer. The eNodeB not only provides the functions of the original NodeB but also provides the most functions (includes the physical layer.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description u The network structure becomes flat with advantage of high throughput and low latency. scheduling. so that the structure of the LTE network is optimized and is more reliable. 2. u Is a simple way for transparent transmission of PDH bit-streams. In structured emulation mode: u Can identify and process the frame structure and transmit signaling in CES frames. u Can identify and transmit CAS and CCS in E1 traffic streams. It may not transmit idle timeslot channels.2.1 Emulation Mode The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports CES in structured or non-structured emulation mode. but only extracts useful timeslots of CE devices from the E1 traffic stream and then encapsulates them into PW packets for transmission. 5. In non-structured emulation mode: u Segments all CES services as bit streams and encapsulates them for transmission over a PW tunnel. The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides multiple CES service clock synchronization solutions to ensure transmission of the CES service clock. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports emulation transparent transmission of E1 service and STM-1 service. u Can transparently transmit CES traffic data and synchronous timing information. 5. 5 Service Application 5. the CES circuit switched data can be transparently transmitted in the packet transport network. u System clock recovery Version: A/1 61 .2 Service Clock CES services have high requirements for clock synchronization. and PEs have no need to interpret the CES data or to participate in the CES signaling.2 CES Service With the CES (Circuit Emulation Service) technology. u Can identify frame structure of CES service. Below are multiple clock synchronization solutions. SAToP completely disregards any structure. System Clock Recovery In system clock recovery.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description u Differential clock recovery u Adaptive clock recovery The following describes working principles of these clock synchronization solutions. the Tx end that generates CES signals and the Rx end that extracts CES signals use the same network reference clock as the synchronization signal source. Figure 5-6 shows the work principle of system clock recovery. Figure 5-6 Implementation Principle Diagram of System Clock Recovery Differential Clock Recovery In differential clock recovery. 62 Version: A/1 . The Tx end packetizes the synchronization signal on the service side and transmits the signal to the Rx end over the packet switched network. Figure 5-7 shows the working principle of differential clock recovery. The Rx end then recovers the synchronization signal based on the public timing reference signal available on the Rx end. the service Rx and Tx ends have the same public timing reference signal. represented by Sequence number or Timestamp. 5 Service Application Figure 5-7 Implementation Principle Diagram of Differential Clock Recovery Adaptive Clock Recovery The adaptive clock recovery does not need the common reference clock. Figure 5-8 Implementation Principle Diagram of Adaptive Clock Recovery Version: A/1 63 . The Rx end then recovers the clock by using the recovery algorithm based on the sequence number or timestamp. The Timing packet sent from the Tx end contains the coded value of the service clock. Figure 5-8 shows the working principle of adaptive clock recovery. See Figure 5-9. CES services are mainly applied in radio services and enterprise private line services. finally transmits the packet to the opposite end via the MAN network through PW.2.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 5. and the equipment slices CES signals and encapsulates them into the data packet. The CiTRANS 650 U3 is connected to the 2G / 3G station or enterprise private line through E1/channelized STM-1 line. Figure 5-9 Application Scenario of CES Service 5. and implements the following functions: u Bears various types of coarse-grained private line services including GE. 10GE LAN. u Bears fine-grained low-speed private line service such as FE and E1 as well to implement the idea of bearing private line service of different granularity over one network. 64 Version: A/1 . 10GE WAN and STM-1.3 Coarse-grained Private Line Service The CiTRANS 650 U3 can guarantee rapid service start-up and provisioning. so as to reduce the quantity of equipment and lower the maintenance cost.3 Application Scenario The CiTRANS 650 U3 implements CES services using the PWE3 technology. Figure 5-10 Application Scenario of Coarse-grained Private Line Service 5. u Works together with FiberHome large-scaled packet switching equipment to form an end-to-end scheme so as to reduce the back-to-back design. Version: A/1 65 . Figure 5-10 shows the application scenario of coarse-grained private line service of the CiTRANS 650 U3. which is cost saving and highly reliable. supports unified configuration GUI of any service. and supports rapid service deployment. the FE and GE services can be accessed to the CiTRANS 650 U3 directly. 5 Service Application u The equipment is compact. Figure 5-11 shows the the scenario of bearing base station GE / FE service using the mobile broadband of the CiTRANS 650 U3.4 Base Station GE / FE Service Bearing As for base stations with FE / GE service. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 5-11 Application Scenario of Base Station GE/FE Service Bearing 66 Version: A/1 . The CiTRANS 650 U3 provides abundant protection functions to ensure normal service operation.6 Protection Implementation As telecommunication services develop and transport networks become increasingly large in scale. and reliability become the concern in the construction and operation of transport networks. The following introduces the protection mechanisms of the CiTRANS 650 U3 and includes these contents: Equipment-Level Protection Network-level Protection Network Management Information Protection Version: A/1 67 . security. These elements also become the hot spots in competition among carriers. network stability. only the active card works under normal conditions. forming 1+1 protection again. 68 Version: A/1 . u The switching command is delivered manually. Protection Parameter See Table 6-1 for the 1+1 protection parameters of the core switch and cross- connect card.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 6.1 Equipment-Level Protection The following introduces the equipment-level protection function of the CiTRANS 650 U3. it enters the standby state. Then the standby card becomes active to ensure normal operation of the equipment. Switching Trigger Conditions u The hardware or software of the active card is faulty. the standby card is notified of this event through the monitoring channel between them. u The active card is hard reset. u The active card is unplugged manually. Function Implementation When the CiTRANS 650 U3 are installed with two core switch and cross-connect cards (one active and one standby).1. 6.1 1+1 Protection for the Core Switch and Cross-connect Card Introduction The core switch and cross-connect card of the CiTRANS 650 U3 is used to process and output clock and execute the protection switching. When the active card is faulty. After the original active card resumes. 1. Table 6-2 describes the corresponding relationship of the TPS 1:1 protection. The equipment is supplied with power normally when either power input fails to ensure the normal operation of the equipment. u The protected working card is unplugged manually.3 TPS 1:1 Protection for the E1 Card Introduction The E1 card of the CiTRANS 650 U3 supports one 1:1 protection group with dedicated protection slot. u The protected working card is reset.1. services on the active card will be switched to the standby card. u The switching command is delivered manually to the protected working card.2 1+1 Protection for the Power Card The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports two channels of power input in hot standby mode. Switching Trigger Conditions u The protected working card is faulty. so as to guarantee the normal transmission of services. Version: A/1 69 . 12 Revert type Non-revertive 6. Table 6-2 Relationship of E1 Card Protection Slot Equipment Slot for Working Card Slot for Protection Card Slot for Terminal Board (Active) (Standby) CiTRANS 650 U3 9 8 10 Function Implementation When the active card fails. 6. 6 Protection Implementation Table 6-1 1+1 Protection Parameters of the Core Switch and Cross-connect Card Parameter Description Card slot CiTRANS 650 U3: SNCV1 11. 70 Version: A/1 . The service will be switched to the protection path. When the working path fails. The equipment at both ends performs service switching according to protocol status and switching status. so as to guarantee the normal service transmission. 6. the protection path is used to protect the services transferred via the working path. Function Implementation In the LSP 1:1 protection mode.2. the protection path is used to protect the services transferred via the working path.2 Network-level Protection The following introduces the network-level protection function of the CiTRANS 650 U3. the services switch to the protection path. The service protected by the LSP 1:1 protection is single-fed and single-received. The services are single-fed and single-received. See Figure 6-1 for the LSP 1:1 protection.1 LSP 1:1 Protection Introduction In the LSP 1:1 protection mode. Normally the service is transmitted via the working path except when the working path is faulty.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 6. The APS protocol for the LSP 1:1 protection transmits the information about protocol status and switching status through the protection path. 6 Protection Implementation Figure 6-1 LSP 1:1 Protection Diagram Note: u The protection needs to be configured only in Node A and Node B. the protection path can transfer additional service. When the working path fails and the service on the working path is switched to the protection path. Protection Parameter Table 6-3 describes the parameters for the LSP 1:1 protection. Switching Trigger Conditions u An intermediate node is disconnected with the power. u When the working path is normal. Version: A/1 71 . the additional service will restore as well. u The working LSP path is faulty. regardless of the path that the services pass. After the working path resumes to normal status. the additional service will be interrupted. u The switching command is manually delivered. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 6-3 LSP 1:1 Protection Parameters Parameter Description Switching type LSP 1:1 protection Revert type Revertive or non-revertive Switchover protocol APS protocol Switching time (ms) ≤50 Hold-off time (ms) 0 to 2550 6.2.2 PW APS Protection Introduction PW APS protection includes PW redundancy protection and PW 1:1 protection, which are used in the scenario of same source and different sinks and the scenario of same source and same sink respectively. In both scenarios, when the working PW is faulty, the service will be switched to the protection PW which has been created beforehand, so as to protect the service. Function Implementation Normally the service is single-fed and single-received, that is, the source end single- feeds the service to the working PW, and the sink end single-receives the service from the working PW. When the working PW is faulty, the remote end will transmit the service to the protection PW, and the sink end receives service via the protection PW, so as to implement the service switching from the working PW to the protection PW. The PW APS protection uses APS protocol to coordinate the source and sink ends to implement the protection switching, switching hold-off and WTR functions. The APS protocol transmits protocol status and switching status via the protection PW. The equipment at both ends selects service path and performs service switching according to protocol statuses and switching statuses. See Figure 6-2 and Figure 6-3 for the PW APS protection. 72 Version: A/1 6 Protection Implementation Figure 6-2 PW 1:1 Protection Diagram Figure 6-3 PW Redundancy Protection Switching Trigger Conditions u The working PW path is faulty. u The switching command is manually delivered. Protection Parameter Table 6-4 describes the parameters of the PW APS protection. Table 6-4 PW APS Protection Parameters Parameter Description Switching type PW APS protection Revert type Revertive or non-revertive Switchover protocol APS protocol Switching time (ms) ≤50 Hold-off time (ms) 0 to 2550 WRT (min) 1 to 12 (the default value is 5) Version: A/1 73 CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 6.2.3 Ethernet LAG Protection Introduction Link Aggregation (LAG) refers to the kind of protection mode that binds a group of physical Ethernet interfaces with the same rate together, so as to form a logical interface to enhance bandwidth and provide link protection. The CiTRANS 650 U3 supports LAG protection of the Ethernet interface on the UNI side. LAG protection implements the following functions: u Enhances the link availability: In the LAG, the members provide dynamic backup for each other. When any of the ports fails, the other ports will take over its work immediately. The process that a LAG starts the backup occurs only inside the LAG, irrelevant with the ports outside the group. u Increases the link capacity: An LAG can provide an economical method of enhancing the link’s transmission rate for the users. Via bundling multiple physical ports, users can obtain the data link with larger bandwidth without upgrading their current equipment. The capacity of this link is the sum of the capacity of all these physical links. Protection Principle The Ethernet LAG protection allows the share of load among the ports; the ports of a LAG are not divided into active and standby ports. When any of the ports fails, the service message will be delivered to other ports for transmission. See Figure 6-4 for the Ethernet LAG protection supported by the CiTRANS 650 U3. Figure 6-4 LAG Protection Principle 74 Version: A/1 6 Protection Implementation Switching Trigger Conditions The LAG group member port is faulty. Protection Parameter Table 6-5 describes the parameters for the Ethernet LAG protection. Table 6-5 Ethernet LAG Protection Parameters Parameter Description Based on source MAC, based on destination MAC, based on Aggregation mode both the source and destination MAC Revert type Revertive 6.3 Network Management Information Protection Introduction On the transport network, network management information is transmitted over the supervisory channel. Usually the supervisory channel and the main channel are the same physical channel. When the main channel fails, the supervisory channel also fails. Therefore, a protection channel must be provided for transmitting network management information. On a ring network, when a transmission segment such as the optical fiber fails, network management information is automatically transmitted over the supervisory channel in the other direction. This does not affect network management. Figure 6-5 shows the automatic backup of network management information channels in a ring network. Version: A/1 75 the supervisory channels for network management information also fail. or an optical fiber segment in a point-to-point network or chain network fails. To avoid such problems. a protection channel must be deployed for network management information. The network administrator cannot obtain information about failed sites or operate these sites.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 6-5 Backing up Network Management Information Channel of Ring Network (Transmission of a Section Fails) If both ends of a site on an optical fiber segment fail. 76 Version: A/1 . Figure 6-6 Backing up Network Management Information Channel (Normal) When the main channel becomes faulty. network management information is transmitted over the main channel. Figure 6-7 shows backup of network management channels. the NE automatically switches over the network management information to the protection channel. This ensures that the network management system monitors the entire network. See Figure 6-6. When the network runs properly. a unified switching equipment is configured and connected to the data communication network to establish a protection channel. Version: A/1 77 . Between two NEs to be protected. 6 Protection Implementation Function Implementation The CiTRANS 650 U3 can provide a protection channel for network management information through the data communication network. The switchover process is completed automatically without manual intervention. 78 Version: A/1 . the protection management channel and the working channel should use different routes.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Figure 6-7 Backing up Network Management Information Channel (Active Channel Fails) Note: In the network planning. so as to implement the backup function. 7 Security Management Security management involves authenticating operators that access the network management system to prevent unauthorized operators from accessing network resources and the equipment. The following introduces the security management of the network management system of the CiTRANS 650 U3 and includes the following contents: Access Control User Level and Permission Management Data Security Log Management Version: A/1 79 . and deleting users. operators are allowed to log in to the OTNM2000 at specified time periods. an operator must enter the user name and password. including the OTNM2000. the OTNM2000 assigns different operation permission to users of different levels.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 7. modifying.2 User Level and Permission Management To prevent unauthorized operations. Areas can be added and modified as required. A user of a higher level has all authorities of a user of a lower level. access time restriction. the operator can finally log in to the system. Users of different levels have different management permission. u To log in to the OTNM2000. The purpose is to check whether the operator is a legal user and has corresponding authority. For example. After the system confirms the user name and password. There are four levels of users. u The access time of users can be set as required.1 Access Control Access control involves user registration and login management. and remote access management. u The OTNM2000 supports user management. 80 Version: A/1 . 7. and operators are granted permission based on management area and management function. New users can be registered. and existing users can be modified or deleted. Only the authorized operators can access the specified area and can play the management role only in the authorized area. management area division. Each user is assigned proper management permission. including adding. Access control aims to prevent unauthorized users from accessing network resources. so as to guarantee that only the authorized operators can access the management system. u The managed devices are distributed in different areas. performance shielding. Operational User Operational user is system operation user. u Delete historical performance records. u Set alarm filter. Operational user can monitor various detection results. 7 Security Management Advanced User The system administrator is an advanced user and has permission to configure and modify network resources. Intermediate User Intermediate users are system maintenance users responsible for system routine maintenance. adding. u Add. and documents of lower-level users. and can perform security management operations including controlling the network. including alarms. u Control the cross-connect connection. observe and view performance monitoring results. setting passwords for users. and performance threshold. performance data. They can only monitor the alarm status of the system. including viewing card configuration data and active configuration data. u Grant the management scope of a user. The system administrator manages the OTNM2000. and performing log management. u Deletes alarm records. u Maintain the OTNM2000. and deliver commands from the OTNM2000 to the equipment. perform cross-connect configuration for the equipment. They can add or delete users of a lower level and can access and back up data in the management information library. u View and delete logs. and save project configuration data. u Access and back up data in the database. Version: A/1 81 . modifying or deleting users. log reports. Intermediate users are entitled to access the cross-connection screen. modify (user name and password). and delete lower-level users. u Database security management: Data or files in the database can be backed up to peripheral storage devices to ensure security of the OTNM2000. observe and browse performance monitoring results. login location. 7. 7. u Read and browse data rather than perform any operations on the OTNM2000.4 Log Management Logs are operation records. Limited user can only read data and cannot access sensitive configuration data. After a security event occurs. backs up and deletes operation logs. queries. and view reports. logs can be used to trace and inspect the event to find out the cause of the system security breach. u Data confidentiality: Data is protected and unauthorized users can not obtain the data. Handle alarms. Log management supports the following functions: u Records operator identities. u Data integrity: Data is transmitted to the destination without corruption or loss. 82 Version: A/1 . and status of the system.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Limited User Limited user can monitor the alarm status of the system. login time. u Monitor alarms. operation type and operation result. performance. such as alarm confirmation. Data at a specific time can be backed up completely and used for data restoration when necessary. Logs automatically record login activities and key operations of users. observe and browse performance results.3 Data Security The security mechanism enables the OTNM2000 to ensure the data security. u Reads. data integrity and confidentiality and implement database security management. System Performance Specifications Subrack Specifications Card Specifications Applicable Standard Environmental Requirement Version: A/1 83 .8 Technical Specifications The following introduces various technical specifications of the CiTRANS 650 U3. Table 8-2 Subrack Specifications Subrack Code Dimensions (H×W×D) (mm) Weight (kg) Power Consumption (W) CiTRANS 650 U3 153. 1+1 protection for the power card. 10GE 8. GE. including E1. Ethernet LAG protection Service E1 to 10G full rates.2 Subrack Specifications See Table 8-2 for the subrack specifications of the CiTRANS 650 U3.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 8. PW APS protection. Table 8-1 System Performance Specifications Item Specification of CiTRANS 650 U3 MAC address 32K Bi-directional LSP 1K Bi-directional PW 1K VPWS 1K VPLS 256 VLAN 4K Jumbo frame 9600 bytes Slot for cross-connect card: 2 (1+1 protection mode) Slot distribution Slot for service card: 10 Slot for power card: 2 (1+1 protection mode) Packet cross-connect capacity 100/160 Gbps Equipment-level protection: 1+1 protection for the core switch and cross-connect card.2×480×225 6 800 8.3 Card Specifications The following introduces the specifications.1 System Performance Specifications Table 8-1 lists the system performance specifications of the CiTRANS 650 U3. mechanical parameters and power consumption of the cards of the CiTRANS 650 U3. 84 Version: A/1 . Protection mode TPS 1:1 protection for the E1 card Network-level protection: LSP 1:1 protection. FE. STM-1. 2×192×205.2×192×205.435 15 1 to 10 S1V1 20.5×205. Weight.2×288. 9 and 10 on the CiTRANS 650 U3.3.8 0.445 18 1 to 10 XSV2 20.134 90 11.2 1 to 10 GSV4 20. Power Consumption and Slot of Cards Table 8-3 describes the dimensions.536 20 1 to 10 Note: It is recommended that the E1V1 and GSV4 cards be inserted in the slots 5.2×192×205.2 1 to 10 ESV2 20.332 5 13.2×192×205.8 1.465 20 1 to 10 MSV1 20. 12 XSV1 20.2 Specifications of the XSV1 / XSV2 Card Table 8-4 describes the interface specifications of the XSV1 / XSV2 card.780 21 1 to 10 E1V1 20.8 0. 6.794 25.8 0.794 21 1 to 10 GSV3 20. 14 650 U3) FAN (CiTRANS 650 41.2×192×205.8×217 1.2×95.8 0.2×192×205.8 0.8 0. 8. Table 8-3 Card Specifications Dimensions (H×W×D) Power Applicable Slot on the Card Name Weight (kg) (mm) Consumption (W) CiTRANS 650 U3 PWR (CiTRANS 20.114 150 15 U3) SNCV1 20.2×192×205.6×145.8 0. weight.2×192×205.3.794 25. Version: A/1 85 .5×209 0.8 0. 8 Technical Specifications 8. power consumption and slot of the cards of the CiTRANS 650 U3.1 Dimensions. 7 to 4 0 to 4 (dBm) Central wavelength (nm) 1290 to 1330 1530 to 1565 1530 to 1565 Minimum overload power -1 -1 -7 (dBm) Maximum receiving -14 -15. 1000BASE. 1000BAS- Optical interface type E-SX E-LX E-VX ZX1 E-EX Source type MLM MLM SLM SLM SLM Target distance 550m 10km 40km 80km 40km Mean launched power -9. Table 8-5 Specifications of GE Optical Interface Item Specification 1000BAS.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-4 XGE Interface Specifications Item Specification 10GBASE-LR/W 10GBASE-ER/W 10GBASE-ZR/W Optical interface type (10km) (40km) (80km) Transmission distance (km) 10 40 80 Transmitting optical power -6 to -1 -4.3.5 to 4 -8 to -3 -2 to 3 -2 to 3 -5 to 0 (dBm) Central wavelength 1275 to 1275 to 1500 to 1275 to 770 to 860 (nm) 1350 1350 1580 1350 Overload optical power 0 -3 -3 -3 -3 (dBm) Receiving sensitivity ≤-17 ≤-20 ≤-23 ≤-25 ≤-23 (dBm) Minimum extinction 9 9 9 9 9 ratio (dB) 86 Version: A/1 . 1000BAS. 1000BAS.8 -24 sensitivity (dBm) Extinction ratio range (dB) >4 >3 >9 8.3 Specifications of the MSV1/GSV3/ESV2 Card Table 8-5 and Table 8-6 describe the interface specifications of the MSV1/GSV3/ ESV2 interface. 3TM-2002 Transmission distance 100m Working temperature range 0℃ to 70℃ 8.5 8.3.5 10. 100BAS. 100BAS- Optical interface type E-FX E-FX E-FX E-LX E-EX E-ZX Target distance (km) 15 40 80 15 40 80 Source type SLM SLM SLM MLM MLM SLM Mean launched -14 to -8 -4 to 0 -4 to 0 -15 to -8 -5 to 0 -5 to 0 power (dBm) Central wavelength 1265 to 1265 to 1480 to 1265 to 1265 to 1480 to (nm) 1360 1360 1580 1360 1360 1580 Overload optical -8 -10 -10 -8 -10 -10 power (dBm) Receiving sensitivity -31 -37 -37 ≤-28 ≤-34 ≤-34 (dBm) Minimum extinction 8. 100BAS.4 Specifications of the GSV4 Card Table 8-7 describes the interface specifications of the GSV4 card.2 10 10 ratio (dB) 8. 8 Technical Specifications Table 8-6 Specifications of FE Optical Interface Item Specification 100BAS.5 10. 100BAS.3. Table 8-7 Electrical Interface Specifications of the GSV4 Card Item Specification Module Type 10/100/1000Base-T Interface Type RJ-45 Interface rate 10/100/1000Mbit/s auto negotiation Transmission media CAT-5 twisted pair Standard compliance IEEE Std 802. 100BAS. Version: A/1 87 .5 Specifications of the E1V1 Card Table 8-8 describes the interface specifications of the E1V1 card. 2 Operating wavelength range nm 1265 to 1360 1265 to 1360 1480 to 1580 Target distance km 15 40 80 Maximum RMS width (s) nm 7.4 bit/s) Code HDB3 All marks of a valid signal conform to the mask in Pulse shape (nominal rectangle) ITU-T Rec. G.1 L-1.95 to 1. . 30 suppression ratio 88 Version: A/1 .237 0±0. Pair(s) in each direction One coaxial pair One symmetrical pair Test load impedance (Ω) 75 120 Nominal peak voltage of a mark (pulse) 2.95 to 1. 1 reference point Minimum side mode S dB .05 amplitude Jitter at input and output interfaces ITU-T Rec.823 compliant Allowed input attenuation 0 to 6 dB (1024 kHz) 8. S-1. Table 8-9 STM-1 Interface Specifications Item Unit Specification Nominal bit rate kbit/s 155520 Application code .703 irrespective of the sign.6 Specifications of the S1V1 Card Table 8-9 describes the interface specifications of the S1V1 card. .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-8 E1 Interface Specifications Item Specification Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) 2048 Bit rate accuracy ±50 ppm (±102.3.05 interval Ratio of the widths of positive and negative pulses at the nominal half 0.1 L-1.3 Nominal pulse width (ns) 244 Ratio of the amplitudes of positive and negative pulses at the center of a pulse 0.7 3 - Transmitter at Maximum -20dB spectral width nm .37 3 (V) Peak voltage of a space (no pulse) (V) 0±0. G. 3ah Ethernet in the First Mile Joint Working Team (JWT) Report on MPLS Architectural RFC 5317 Considerations for a Transport Profile RFC 5586 MPLS Generic Associated Channel Version: A/1 89 .5 10.3-2012 access method and physical layer specifications IEEE 802.5 10. Therefore. 8. 8 Technical Specifications Table 8-9 STM-1 Interface Specifications (Continued) Item Unit Specification Maximum mean launched power dBm -8 0 0 Minimum mean launched power dBm -14 -4 -4 Minimum extinction ratio dB 8. measured at R Note 1: Minimum sensibility refers to the sensibility of the receiver when its service life ends.4 Applicable Standard The following introduces the standards that the CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with.1ag Connectivity fault management IEEE 1588V2 PTP IEEE 802. 8. Table 8-10 International Standards Service Related Description Standard Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) IEEE 802. the sensibility of the receiver must be 3 dB higher than the minimum sensibility. Note 2: NA means no requirement.1Q Virtual bridged local area networks IEEE 802.1 International Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the international standards listed in Table 8-10.5 Optical path Attenuation range dB 0 to 12 10 to 28 10 to 28 between S and Maximum dispersion ps/nm 96 246 NA R Minimum sensitivity (BER≤10-12) dBm -31 -37 -37 Receiver at Minimum overload (BER ≤ 10-12) dBm -8 -10 -10 reference point Maximum optical path penalty dB 1 1 1 R Maximum reflectance of dB NA NA -25 receiver.4. 1730 Ethernet services ITU-T G.8113. and Maintenance RFC 5860 (OAM) in MPLS Transport Networks RFC 4664 Framework for layer 2 virtual private networks (L2VPNs) Requirements for OAM functions in Ethernet based networks and ITU-T G.8110 MPLS layer network architecture ITU-T G.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-10 International Standards (Continued) Service Related Description Standard RFC 5654 Requirements of an MPLS Transport Profile RFC 5659 An Architecture for Multi-Segment PWE3 RFC 5718 An In-Band DCN For the MPLS Transport Profile Requirements for Operations.1720 Protection switching for MPLS networks ITU-T Y. Administration.1 OAM for MPLS-TP ITU-T Y.1711 Operation & Maintenance mechanism for MPLS networks ITU-T Y.8110.1561 Performance and availability parameters for MPLS networks ITU-T G.1 Application of MPLS in the transport network ITU-T G.8121 Characteristics of transport MPLS equipment functional blocks ITU-T Y.8112 Interfaces for the transport MPLS (MPLS-TP) hierarchy ITU-T G.traffic RFC 3477 engineering (RSVP-TE) RFC 3478 Graceful restart mechanism for label distribution protocol 90 Version: A/1 .1710 Requirements for OAM functionality for MPLS networks RFC 2702 Requirements for traffic engineering over MPLS Resource Reservation protocol (RSVP)-version 1 functional RFC 2205 specification RFC 3031 MPLS architecture RFC 3032 MPLS label stack encoding RFC 3036 LDP specification RFC 3037 LDP applicability RFC 3209 Extensions to RSVP for LSP tunnels RFC 3210 Applicability statement for extensions to RSVP for LSP tunnels RFC 3215 LDP state machine Time to live (TTL) processing in multi-protocol label switching RFC 3443 (MPLS) networks Signalling unnumbered links in resource Reservation protocol .1731 OAM functions and mechanisms for Ethernet based networks ITU-T G. 8 Technical Specifications Table 8-10 International Standards (Continued) Service Related Description Standard Applicability statement for restart mechanisms for the label RFC 3612 distribution protocol (LDP) Definitions of managed objects for the multiprotocol label switching RFC 3815 (MPLS), label distribution protocol (LDP) RFC 3936 Procedures for modifying the resource reservation protocol (RSVP) RFC 4090 Fast reroute extensions to RSVP-TE for LSP tunnels RFC 4182 Removing a restriction on the use of MPLS explicit NULL RFC 4201 Link bundling in MPLS traffic engineering (TE) RFC 3609 Tracing requirements for generic tunnels Structure-Aware Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) Circuit Emulation RFC 5086 Service over Packet Switched Network RFC 3916 Requirements for pseudo-wire emulation edge-to-edge (PWE3) RFC 3985 Pseudo wire emulation edge-to-edge (PWE3) architecture Requirements for edge-to-edge emulation of time division RFC 4197 multiplexed (TDM) circuits over packet switching networks Pseudowire emulation edge-to-edge (PWE3) control word for use RFC 4385 over an MPLS PSN RFC 4446 IANA allocations for pseudowire edge to edge emulation (PWE3) Pseudowire setup and maintenance using the label distribution RFC 4447 Protocol (LDP) Encapsulation methods for transport of Ethernet over MPLS RFC 4448 networks Pseudowire emulation edge-to-edge (PWE3) frame check sequence RFC 4720 retention Structure-agnostic time division multiplexing (TDM) over packet RFC 4553 (SAToP) Structure-Aware Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) Circuit Emulation RFC 5086 Service over Packet Switched Network (CESoPSN) Pseudowire Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV): A RFC 5085 Control Channel for Pseudowires draft-ietf-pwe3-ms-pw- An architecture for multi-segment pseudo wire emulation edge-to- arch-02 edge Considerations for internet group management protocol (IGMP) and RFC 4541 multicast listener discovery (MLD) snooping switches An architectural framework for support of quality of service (QoS) in ITU-T Y.1291 packet networks Version: A/1 91 CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-10 International Standards (Continued) Service Related Description Standard Management information base for the differentiated services RFC 3289 architecture RFC 3644 Policy quality of service (QoS) Information model Information model for describing network device QoS datapath RFC 3670 mechanisms RFC 2212 Specification of guaranteed quality of service Definition of the differentiated services field (DS Field) in the IPv4 RFC 2474 and IPv6 headers RFC 2475 An architecture for differentiated services RFC 2597 Assured forwarding PHB group RFC 2697 A single rate three color marker RFC 2698 A two rate three color marker RFC 3140 Per hop behavior identification codes RFC 3246 An expedited forwarding PHB (Per-hop behavior) Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) support of differentiated RFC 3270 services Requirements for support of differentiated services-aware MPLS RFC 3564 traffic engineering Protocol extensions for support of diffserv-aware MPLS traffic RFC 4124 engineering Maximum allocation bandwidth constraints model for diffserv-aware RFC 4125 MPLS traffic engineering Russian dolls bandwidth constraints model for diffserv-aware MPLS RFC 4127 traffic engineering Bandwidth constraints models for differentiated services (Diffserv)- RFC 4128 aware MPLS traffic engineering Encapsulation Methods for Transport of Asynchronous Transfer RFC4717 Mode (ATM) over MPLS Networks Pseudowire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Asynchronous RFC4816 Transfer Mode (ATM) Transparent Cell Transport Service RFC2684 Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 ITU-T G.703 Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces Protocol suites for Q-interfaces for management of transmission ITU-T G.773 systems Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the ITU-T G.957 synchronous digital hierarchy 92 Version: A/1 8 Technical Specifications Table 8-10 International Standards (Continued) Service Related Description Standard G.652 (2000) Characteristics of a single-mode optical fibre and cable Characteristics of a dispersion-shifted single-mode optical fibre and ITU-T G.653 (2000) cable Characteristics of a non-zero dispersion-shifted single-mode optical ITU-T G.655 (2000) fibre and cable Definitions and test methods for the relevant generic parameters of ITU-T G.661 (2001) optical amplifier devices and subsystems ITU-T G.662 (1998) Generic characteristics of optical amplifier devices and subsystems Application-related aspects of optical amplifier devices and ITU-T G.663 (1998) subsystems ITU-T G.671 (2000) Transmission characteristics of passive optical components ITU-T G.692 (1999) Optical interfaces for multichannel systems with optical amplifiers ITU-T G.693 (2002) Optical interfaces for intra-office systems ITU-T G.959.1 Optical transport network physical layer interfaces ITU-T G.hao Hitless adjustment of ODUflex (GFP) ITU-T G.805 Generic functional architecture of transport networks ITU-T G.7041 Generic framing procedure ITU-T G.8264 Distribution of timing information through packet networks Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) IEEE 802.3-2005 Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications 8.4.2 Safety Standards of Laser The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the laser safety standards listed in Table 8-11. Table 8-11 Safety Standards of Laser Standard Description Safety of laser products-Part1: Equipment classification, IEC60825-1 requirements and user's guide Safety of laser products-Part2: Safety of optical fiber IEC60825-2 communication systems Version: A/1 93 Including Electrical EN 60950-1 Business Equipment Safety of Information Technology Equipment.4.Electrostatic discharge IEC 61000-4-2 immunity test 94 Version: A/1 .Limits for harmonic current IEC 61000-3-2 emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase) Electromagnetic compatibility . for equipment with rated current ≤16A per phase and not subject to conditional connection Testing and measurement techniques .Immunity characteristics . Table 8-13 Relevant EMC Standards Standard Description Information technology equipment .Limits .Limits and methods of measurement Information technology equipment .3 Relevant Safety Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the safety standards listed in Table 8-12. voltage fluctuation and flicker in public low voltage supply IEC 61000-3-3 systems.Radio disturbance EN 55022 characteristics .Limits EN 55024 and methods of measurement Electromagnetic compatibility .2 No Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical 60950-1 Business Equipment 3:rd edition Safety of Information Technology Equipment UL 60950-1 Including Electrical Business Equipment IEC Publication 479-1 Guide on the effects of current passing through the human body IS 8437 {1993} Guide on the effects of current passing through the human body Safety of information technology equipment including electrical IS 13252 {1993} business equipment 8.Limitation of voltage changes.4.4 Relevant EMC Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the EMC standards listed in Table 8-13. Including Electrical IEC 60950-1 Business Equipment CAN/CSA-C22. Table 8-12 Relevant Safety Standards Standard Description IEC 60215 Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment Safety of Information Technology Equipment.Limits .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 8. induced by radio-frequency fields Electromagnetic compatibility-Testing and measurement EN 61000-4-8 techniques-Power frequency magnetic field immunity test Electromagnetic compatibility-Testing and measurement IEC 61000-4-11 techniques-Voltage dips.4. ETSI EN 300 386 Telecommunication network equipment. Additional ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) telecommunications ETSI EN 201468 equipment for enhanced availability of service in specific applications Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). short IEC 61000-4-29 interruptions Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). IEC 61000-4-3 electromagnetic field immunity test Testing and measurement techniques-Electrical fast transient/burst IEC 61000-4-4 immunity test IEC 61000-4-5 Testing and measurement techniques-Surge immunity test Testing and measurement techniques-Immunity to conducted IEC 61000-4-6 disturbances. short interruption and voltage variations immunity tests Testing and measurement techniques-Voltage dips.20 a telecommunications centre 8. ETSI EN 300127 Radiated emission testing of physically large telecommunication systems Power supply interface at the input to telecommunications ETSI EN 300-132-2 equipment. Part 2: Operated by direct current (dc) Electromagnetic compatibility and electrical safety . 8 Technical Specifications Table 8-13 Relevant EMC Standards (Continued) Standard Description Testing and measurement techniques-Radiated. Version: A/1 95 .5 Relevant Environment Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the environment standards listed in Table 8-14. radio-frequency. Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements Elecromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).generic criteria GR 1089 CORE for network telecommunications equipment Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in installed in ITU T K. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-14 Relevant Environment Standards Standard Description Environmental Engineering (EE) Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment Part 1-1: Classification of environmental conditions: Storage ETSIEN300019-1-1 Class 1.1: Temperature-controlled locations Class 3.2: Partly temperature-controlled location IEC60068-2 Basic Environmental Testing Procedures Environmental conditions appearing in nature-Earthquake IEC60721-2-6 vibration Classification of environmental conditions-Part 3: IEC60721-3-1 Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 1: Storage Classification of environmental conditions-Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and IEC60721-3-3 their severities-Section 3: Stationary use at weather protected locations Equipment Engineering (EE) ETSIEN300753 Acoustic noise emitted by telecommunications equipment Network Equipment-Building System (NEBS) Requirements: NEBSGR-63-CORE Physical Protection Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substance in ROHS electrical and electronic equipment. 96 Version: A/1 .1: Weather protected. not temperature-controlled storage locations Environmental Engineering (EE) Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment ETSIEN300019-1-2 Part 1-2: Classification of environmental conditions: Transportation Class 2.1: Very careful transportation Class 2.2: Weather protected. partly temperature-controlled storage locations Class 1.2: Careful transportation Environmental Engineering (EE) Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment ETSIEN300019-1-3 Part 1-3: Classification of environmental conditions: Stationary use at weather protected locations Class 3. Table 8-17 Fire Prevention Standards Standard Description EN60950-1(Europe) Safety of information technology equipment ANSI/UL60950 Safety of information technology equipment CAN/CSA-C22.4. Table 8-15 Grounding Standards Standard Description Earthing and bonding of telecommunication equipment in ETS300253 telecommunication centres Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety-Generic GR1089CORE Criteria for Network Telecommunications Equipment 8. Video and Similar Electronic Equipment IEC60950(International) Safety of information technology equipment 73/23/EEC(Europe) Low Voltage Directive Version: A/1 97 .950-95(NorthAmerica) Audio.2No. Table 8-16 Noise Standards Standard Description ETSIEN300753 Acoustic noise emitted by telecommunications equipment NEBSGR63-CORE NEBS Physical Protection 8.7 Noise Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the noise standards listed in Table 8-16.8 Fire Prevention Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the fire prevention standards listed in Table 8-17.6 Grounding Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the grounding standards listed in Table 8-15.4. 8 Technical Specifications 8.4. filled transport packages . filled transport packages and unit loads ISO 2234:2000 .Vertical ISO 2248:1985 impact test by dropping ISO 3394:1984 Dimensions of rigid rectangular packages .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description 8. Table 8-18 Relevant Packaging Standards Standard Description ISO 780:1997 Packaging-pictorial marking for handling of goods Packaging .Complete.Vibration tests at fixed low frequency Packaging . filled transport packages and unit loads ISO 2247:2000 .Transport packages ISO 3676:1983 Packaging .Stacking tests using a static load Packaging .4.Distribution trials - ISO 4178:1980 Information to be recorded Complete. 98 Version: A/1 . filled transport packages .1.General rules for the ISO 4180:1980 compilation of performance test schedules Environment conditions and environmental test for ETSI EN 300 019-2-3 v2.5 Environmental Requirement The following introduces the operating.Complete. storage and transport environment requirements of the equipment.Dimension Complete.Complete.Unit load sizes .2 telecommunications equipment Non-Simulation Integrity Performance Test: ISTA 1A Procedure Packaged-Products 150 lb (68 kg) or Less Partial-Simulation Performance Test: ISTA 2A Procedure Packaged-Products 150 lb (68 kg) or Less General Simulation Performance Test: ISTA 3A Procedure Packaged-Products for Parcel Delivery System Shipment 70 kg (150 lb) or Less 8. filled transport packages .9 Relevant Packaging Standards The CiTRANS 650 U3 complies with the packaging standards listed in Table 8-18. the influence of radiation should be considered.5. u Short-term indicates that the continuous operating time does not exceed 96 hours or the annual accumulative operating time does not exceed 15 days. 8 Technical Specifications 8. u If the equipment is installed outdoors. Table 8-19 Requirements on Equipment Operating Humidity and Temperature Temperature Relative Humidity Long-term operating temperature: -5°C to 50° Long-term operating humidity: 5％ to 85％ C Short-term operating temperature: -10°C to Short-term operating humidity: 5％ to 90% 55°C Note: u If the equipment is installed inside the cabinet. and the equipment should be protected. u The temperature and humidity of the product should be measured at the positions 1.1 Operating Environment Climate Table 8-19 and Table 8-20 describe the requirements on climate when the equipment is operating. the equipment room should be equipped with dedicated precision air conditioner to control the temperature and humidity to the following range: u Air conditioner control temperature: 15°C to 30°C u Air conditioner control humidity: 40% to 75% Version: A/1 99 . To improve the reliability of product application.4m away from the front of the cabinet in case that the cabinet is not surrounded by protection boards. the influence of radiation can be ignored.5m above the floor and 0. 5℃/min Air speed ≤ 5 m/s Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa to 106 kPa Solar radiation ≤ 700W/m2 Heat radiation ≤ 600W/m2 Note: When the altitude is between 1800m and 4000m. magnetic-conductive. Air Cleanliness u The air must be free of explosive. Biological Environment u Microbe such as fungus and mould must be avoided. Table 8-20 Requirements on Other Climatic Conditions During Equipment Operation Item Requirement Altitude -60m to 4000m Temperature gradient ≤ 0. the operation temperature of the equipment decreases by 1℃ each time the altitude increases by 220m. and the air outlet should not face the equipment directly.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Note: u The air conditioner should never be installed above the equipment. u Table 8-21 shows the concentration requirements for mechanically active substances. electric-conductive. or corrosive dust. u The air conditioner should be installed far away from windows to avoid blowing the moisture outside the window to the equipment. 100 Version: A/1 . u Rodents such as mice must be prevented. 10mg/m3 HF ≤ 0. Version: A/1 101 .10mg/m3 NOx ≤ 0.05mg/m3 Mechanical Stress Table 8-23 describes the requirements on mechanical stress during equipment operation.10mg/m3 HCl ≤ 0. Table 8-21 Concentration Requirements for Mechanically Active Substances During Equipment Operation Mechanically Active Substance Content Suspended dust ≤ 0. 8 Technical Specifications u The concentration of the chemically active substances meets the requirements specified in Table 8-22.30mg/m3 H2S ≤ 0.00mg/m3 Cl2 ≤ 0.50mg/m3 NH3 ≤ 1.4mg/m3 Dust that can be landed ≤ 15mg/ (m2·h) Gravel ≤ 300mg/m3 Table 8-22 Concentration Requirements for Chemically Active Substances During Equipment Operation Chemically Active Substance Content SO2 ≤ 0.01mg/m3 O3 ≤ 0. 2 Storage Environment Climate Table 8-24 shows the requirements on climatic environment for the storage of the equipment. 102 Version: A/1 .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-23 Requirements on Mechanical Stress During Equipment Operation Item Specification Frequency (Hz) 5 to 9 9 to 200 u Vibration: sinusoidal Displacement Operating 1. vibration (mm) vibration u Axial direction: X-Y-Z3 Acceleration u Sweep rate: 1oct/min – 5 (m/s2) u Waveform: half-sine wave Acceleration Shock 70 u Axial direction: X-Y-Z3 (m/s2) u Number of shock: ± 3 in each axial direction 8. Table 8-24 Requirements on Climatic Environment for Equipment Storage Item Requirement Temperature -40℃ to +70℃ Relative humidity 5% to 100% Temperature gradient ≤ 1℃/min Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa to 106 kPa Solar radiation ≤ 1120W/m2 Heat radiation ≤ 600W/m2 Water Proofing u The equipment on the site should be generally placed indoors. The equipment should be away from any place where water leakage may occur such as auto-fire-fighting equipment or heater.5 .5. make sure the ground where the equipment is placed is free of accumulated water. u When the equipment is placed indoors. and there is no water leakage to the packing case. 4 Necessary shelter measures should be taken to prevent rain water from entering the packing case. electric-conductive. Air Cleanliness u The air must be free of explosive. u Rodents such as mice must be prevented. magnetic-conductive.10mg/m3 NO2 ≤ 0.50mg/m3 NH3 ≤ 1.30mg/m3 H2S ≤ 0. Table 8-25 Concentration Requirements for Mechanically Active Substances During Storage Mechanically Active Substance Content Suspended dust ≤ 5. no accumulated water is allowed inside the packing case. u Table 8-25 shows the concentration requirements for mechanically active substances. or corrosive dust. 4 The packing case should not be exposed to the sun directly. 8 Technical Specifications u For indoor storage of the equipment. Biological Environment u Microbe such as fungus and mould must be avoided.0mg/ (m2·h) Gravel ≤ 300mg/m3 Table 8-26 Concentration Requirements for Chemically Active Substances During Storage Chemically Active Substance Content SO2 ≤ 0. More importantly.00mg/m3 Version: A/1 103 . make sure that the following requirements are met at the same time: 4 The packing case is intact. u The concentration of the chemically active substances meets the requirements specified in Table 8-26. 4 The place where the packing case is kept should be free of accumulated water.00mg/m3 Dust that can be landed ≤ 20. 10mg/m3 HF ≤ 0.3 Transport Environment Climate Table 8-28 shows the requirements on climatic environment for the transport of the equipment.5. 0. -12 8. Table 8-28 Requirements on Climatic Environment for Equipment Transport Item Requirement Temperature -40℃ to +70℃ Relative humidity 5% to 95% Temperature gradient ≤ 1℃/min Atmospheric pressure 55 kPa to 106 kPa Solar radiation ≤ 1120W/m2 Heat radiation ≤ 600W/m2 104 Version: A/1 .05mg/m3 Mechanical Stress Table 8-27 describes the requirements on mechanical stress during storage.02m2/s3 - spectral density Random Frequency vibration 5Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 50Hz 50Hz to 100Hz range dB/oct 12 .CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-26 Concentration Requirements for Chemically Active Substances During Storage (Continued) Chemically Active Substance Content Cl2 ≤ 0. Table 8-27 Requirements on Mechanical Stress During Storage Item Specification Acceleration .10mg/m3 HCI ≤ 0.01mg/m3 O3 ≤ 0. 50mg/m3 NH3 ≤ 3. u The concentration of the chemically active substances meets the requirements specified in Table 8-30.50mg/m3 NO2 ≤ 1.00mg/m3 HCl ≤ 0. u Rodents such as mice must be prevented. electric-conductive. or corrosive dust. u Necessary shelter measures should be taken for the means of transport to prevent rain water from entering the packing case. Table 8-29 Concentration Requirements for Mechanically Active Substances During Equipment Transport Mechanically Active Substance Content Suspended dust ≤ 5. u No accumulated water in the means of transport.00mg/m3 HF ≤ 0. Biological Environment u Microbe such as fungus and mould must be avoided.0mg/ (m2·h) Gravel ≤ 100mg/m3 Table 8-30 Concentration Requirements for Chemically Active Substances During Equipment Transport Chemically Active Substance Content SO2 ≤ 1. 8 Technical Specifications Water Proofing u The packing case is intact. u Table 8-29 shows the concentration requirements for mechanically active substances. Air Cleanliness u The air must be free of explosive. magnetic-conductive.03mg/m3 Version: A/1 105 .00mg/m3 Dust that can be landed ≤ 3.00mg/m3 H2S ≤ 0. 10mg/m3 Cl2 - Mechanical Stress Table 8-31 describes the requirements on mechanical stress during equipment transport.100ineachdirection type II (mass≤50kg) Collision direction 6 106 Version: A/1 .11ms. Table 8-31 Requirements on Mechanical Stress During Equipment Transport Item Specification Acceleration spectral Random 1m2/s3 -3dB/oct density vibration Frequency range 5Hz to 20Hz 20Hz to 200Hz Response spectrum 100m/s2.6ms.CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description Table 8-30 Concentration Requirements for Chemically Active Substances During Equipment Transport (Continued) Chemically Active Substance Content O3 ≤ 0.100ineachdirection type I (mass＞50kg) Collision Response spectrum 180m/s2. Appendix A Abbreviations AG Application Gateway AIS Alarm Indication Signal APR Automatic Power Reduction APS Automatic Protection Switching AS Autonomous System ASON Automatically Switched Optical Network BC Boundary Clock BER Bit Error Rate BFD Bidirectional Forwarding Detection BGP Border Gateway Protocol BMC Best Master Clock BMU Board Management Unit BMU Business Management Unit BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit BSC Base Station Controller BTS Base Transceiver Station CAR Committed Access Rate CAS Channel Associated Signaling CBS Committed Burst Size CC Continuity Check CCS Common Channel Signaling CE Carrier Ethernet CESoP Circuit Emulation Service over Packet CES Circuit Emulation Service CIR Committed Information Rate CoS Class of Service CPE Customer Premise Equipment CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CWDM Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing DCC Data Communication Channel DCM Dispersion Compensation Module DCN Digital Communication Network DDF Digital Distribution Frame Version: A/1 107 . CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description DiffServ Differentiated Services DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing ECMP Equal-Cost Multi-Path EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility EMI Electromagnetic Interference ESC Electrical Supervisory Channel ESD Electrostatic Discharge ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute EVC Ethernet Virtual Connection FC Fiber Channel FCS Frame Check Sequence FE Fast Ethernet FEC Forward Error Correction FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array FTTH Fiber To The Home GE Gigabit Ethernet GMC Grandmaster Clock GPS Global Positioning System GUI Graphical User Interface HDB3 High Density Bipolar 3 Code IC Integrated Circuit IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IP Internet Protocol IPTV Internet Protocol Television IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System ISO International Standardization Organization ITU International Telecommunication Union International Telecommunication Union .Telecommunication ITU-T Standardization Sector LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol LAG Link Aggregation Group LSP Label Switched Path LTE Long Term Evolution MAC Media Access Control MCC Management Communication Channel MCN Management Communication Network 108 Version: A/1 . Administration and Maintenance OC Ordinary Clock ODF Optical Distribution Frame ODU Outdoor Unit OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OLA Optical Line Amplifier OLT Optical Line Terminal OSC Optical Supervisory Channel OSI Open System Interconnection OSPF Open Shortest Path First OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometer OTM Optical Terminal Multiplexer OTU Optical Transponder Unit PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridge-Traffic Engineering PBS Peak Burst Size PBT Provider Backbone Transport PDP Power Distribution Panel PDU Protocol Data Unit Version: A/1 109 . Appendix A Abbreviations MDF Main Distribution Frame ME Maintenance Entity MEG Maintenance Entity Group MEN Metropolitan Ethernet MEP Maintenance End Point MIB Management Information Base MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put MIP Maintenance Intermediate Point MME Mobility Management Entity MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching MPLS-TP Multi-Protocol Label Switching-Transport Profile MSAN Multi-Service Access Network MSP Multiplex Section Protection MSTP Multi-Service Transfer Platform MTU Maximum Transmission Unit NDF New Data Flag NNI Network Node Interface NTP Network Time Protocol OADM Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer OAM Operation. CiTRANS 650 U3 Smart Packet Transport Network Product Description PDV Path Delay Value PHB Per-Hop Behavior PHP Penultimate Hop Popping PIR Peak Information Rate POH Path Overhead PON Passive Optical Network POP PoP Point of Presence PPS Pulse Per Second PRC Primary Reference Clock PSN Packet Switched Network PTP Precision Time Protocol PW Pseudo Wire PWE3 Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge QoS Quality of Service RAN Radio Access Network RDI Remote Defect Indication RFC Request for Comments RNC Radio Network Controller RPR Resilient Packet Ring RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol RTP Real-time Transport Protocol SAN Storage Area Network SCC Signaling Communication Channel SCN Signaling Communication Network SES Severely Errored Second SFP Small Form-Factor Pluggable SGW Signaling Gateway SNCP Sub-Network Connection Protection SONET Synchronous Optical Network SN Serial Number SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SP Strict Priority SSM Synchronization Status Message STM Synchronous Transport Module TC Transparent Clock TCO Total Cost of Ownership TCP Transmission Control Protocol 110 Version: A/1 . Appendix A Abbreviations TDM Time Division Multiplexing TMC T-MPLS Channel TMP T-MPLS Path TMP Transmission Maintenance Point TMN Telecommunication Management Network TNC Threaded Neill-Concelman TOD Time of Day TPID Tag Protocol Identifier TPS Tributary Protection Switching Unit UAS Unavailable Second UNI User Network Interface UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply VC Virtual Channel VLAN Virtual Local Area Network VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service VP Virtual Path VPN Virtual Private Network VPWS Virtual Private Wire Service VRF VPN Routing and Forwarding VS Virtual Section WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing WRED Weighted Random Early Detection XFP 10 Gigabit Small Form-Factor Pluggable XPIC Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation Version: A/1 111 . . Is the information organized and presented clearly? □ Very □ Somewhat □ Not at all (your advice) 2. 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