Honors World HistoryModern China 1945-Present Post WWII China resumes Civil War The Communist party (People’s Republic of China) is victorious with the help of the Soviet Union Set up a communist state with their leader Mao Zedong The defeated nationalist party (Republic of China) retreats to Taiwan to set up their own government Mao Zedong Executes over a million who oppose communism All other political parties are banned Five year plan (industrialization) Great Leap Forward (second five year plan) At least 20 million die of starvation Deng Xiaopeng Reformed China’s economic policy Allowed limited privatization in business Raised standard of living Fixed the Great Leap Forward Made him a target of Mao Zedong Why did Deng Xiaopeng’s economic policies make him a target of Mao Zedong? Cultural Revolution Started by Mao Zedong in 1966 as an opposition to democratic proponents Shut down schools to “educate” the youth Encouraged revolutionaries to purge those that didn’t agree with his ideas Rid China of old practices and replace them with new ones What other totalitarian ruler used the youth to grow his campaign? How was this similar or different? Cultural Revolution “Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong” (also known as the “Little Red Book”) inspired revolutionaries “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun” Many government officials overthrown including President Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaopeng https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=yKg97b5j7mU Cultural Revolution Country is thrown into a state of anarchy Revolutionaries fighting capitalism and each other Martial law is declared Revolutionaries must be fought off Deng Xiaopeng restored as president after revolution ends with a struggle of power Post Revolution Deng Xiaopeng restored his previous economic policies and opened China for trade and foreign relations Became a global trade partner for many including U.S. China once again became prosperous Only opened business sector, while China remained socially and politically under strict communist rule Tiananmen Square Massacre Citizens began demanding democratic reforms Chinese government led by Xiaopeng refused and sent in military Citizens were overrun Thousands of casualties Government tried to downplay the event Why would citizens of China suddenly demand democracy after 40 years of communist rule? Present Day Civil Rights China still prohibits most rights presented in the U.S. Bill of Rights (freedom of religion, expression, press etc.) Currently a single party authoritarian state Single child policy