In Sunny Spain . industries and commerce. and governments and laws of the European nations in order to prepare himself in the mighty task of liberating his oppressed people from Spanish tyranny. language and customs. To observe keenly the life and culture. Paterno Mateo Evangelista (his compadre) The Ateneo Jesuit fathers Some intimate friends including Chengoy (Jose M.People who knew the departure of Rizal for Spain: Paciano (his older brother) Antonio Rivera (his uncle. Cecilio) . father of Leonor Rivera) Neneng and Lucia (his sisters) The Valenzuela family (Capitan Juan and Capitana Sanday and their daughter Orang) Pedro A. Rizal used the name Jose Mercado. 1882. Before his secret departure. On May 3. The kind Jesuit priests gave him a letter of recommendation to the members of their Society in Barcelona. Rizal departed on board the Spanish Steamer Salvadora bound for Singapore. he wrote a farewell letter for his beloved parents and another one for his sweetheart Leonor Rivera. . a cousin from Biñan. the captain of the ship and from Asturias. Spain. Fascinated by its scenic beauty. Donato Lecha. On May 8. 1882 while the steamer was approaching Singapore. British and Indian Negroes. he remembered “Talim Island with the Susong Dalaga” . Rizal saw a beautiful island. Rizal was the only Filipino and the rest were Spaniards. There were sixteen passengers in the ship including Rizal. Beautiful Buddhist temples 3. Famous Botanical Garden 2. registered at Hotel de la Paz and spent two days on a sightseeing soiree of the city. which was a colony of England. On May 9 the Salvadora docked at Singapore. What Rizal saw in Singapore?: 1. Rizal landed. Statue of Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles (founder of Singapore) . Busy shopping district 4. and Mrs. and Rizal) . Salazar. Passengers of Djemnah: British French Dutch Spaniards Malays Siamese Filipino(Mr. a French steamer. In Singapore Rizal transferred to another ship Djemnah. Mr. which left Singapore for Europe on May 11. Vicente Pardo. . the Djemnah reached Point Galle. the capital of Ceylon. On May 17. a town in southern Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) The following day the Djemnah weighed anchor and resumed the voyage towards Colombo. Rizal landed in order to see the interesting sights. the Djemnah continued the voyage crossing the Indian Ocean to the Cape of Guardafui. where Rizal found a city hotter than Manila. . the Red Sea terminal of the Suez Canal. From Colombo. the Djemnah proceeded to the city of Suez. At Port Said. the Mediterranean terminal of the Suez Canal. The next stopover was in Aden.a french diplomat engineer who built the Suez Canal which was inaugurated on November 17. It took Djemnah five days to transverse the Suez Canal. Ferdinand de Lesseps. From Aden. 1869. was imprisoned . Telmo. the castle of St. where he was fascinated by Mount Vesuvius. On June 11. Rizal visited the famous Chateau d’lf where Dantes. hero of The Count of Monte Cristo. On the night of June 12. the steamer docked at the French harbor of Marseilles. and other historical sights of the city. Rizal reached Naples. On the afternoon of June 15. 1882. Rizal continued his trip by rail finally reaching Barcelona on June 16. . He crossed the Pyrenees and stopped for a day at the frontier town of Port Bou. After the passport inspection at Port Bou. Rizal left Marseilles by train for the last lap of his trip to Spain. Rizal wrote a nationalistic essay entitled “Amor Patrio” (Love of Country). In progressive Barcelona.which he wrote in Madrid on November 29. He sent this article to his friend Basilio Teodoro Moran. his first article written on Spanish soil. . publisher of Diariong Tagalog. appeared in print in Diariong Tagalog on August 20. His third article. Rizal wrote the second article for Diariong Tagalog entitled “Los Viajes” (Travels). Rizal’s “Amor Patrio” under his pen-name Laong Laan. was returned back to him because the Diariong Tagalog had ceased publication for lack of funds. 1882. entitled “Revista de Madrid” (Review of Madrid). the first Manila bilingual newspaper. 1882. Rizal received sad news about the cholera that was ravaging Manila and the provinces. Another sad news from the Philippines was the chatty letter of Chengoy recounting the unhappiness of Leonor Rivera. . While sojourning in Barcelona. who was getting thinner because of the absence of a loved one. Don Pablo Ortiga y Rey.had been city mayor of Manila during the administration of the liberal governor general Carlos Ma. and assiduously practiced fencing and shooting in the Hall of Arms of Sanz y Carbonell. 1882. . Rizal enrolled in the Universidad Central de Madrid (Central University of Madrid) in two coursesMedicine and Philosophy and Letters. took lessons in Frech. On November 3. He studied painting and sculpture in the Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando. German and English under private instructors. On Saturday evenings. De la Torre (1869-1871) and was later promoted vice –president of the Council of the Philippines in the Ministry of Colonies (Ultramar). he visited the home of Don Pablo Ortiga y Rey who lived with his son (Rafael) and daughter (Consuelo). 1883 entitled A La Señorita C. y P.) where he expressed his admiration for her. being a lonely young man in foreign country. Two reason why Rizal suddenly backed out: 1. He was still engaged to Leonor Rivera 2. O. His friend and co-worker in the Propaganda Movement. was madly in love with Consuelo and he had no wish to break their friendship because of a pretty girl. O. . Rizal composed a lovely poem on August 22. Rizal. (To Miss C. far from his natal land. Eduardo de Lete. was attracted by Consuelo’s beauty and vivacity. y P.