Welcome to Cambridge English EmpowerA unique mix of learning and assessment For Students Cambridge English Empower is a new general English adult course that combines course content from Cambridge University Press with validated assessment from Cambridge English Language ONLINE ACCESS Assessment. EMPOWER EMPOWER C1 ADVANCED STUDENT’S BOOK WITH ONLINE ACCESS C1 ADVANCED STUDENT’S BOOK ADVANCED BOOK Adrian Doff, Craig Thaine, Includes access to: STUDENT’S Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks, Peter Lewis-Jones • tests from Cambridge English E ACCESS Language Assessment This unique mix of engaging classroom material WITH ONLIN Cambridge English Empower is a general English course for • personalised practice 978-1-107-46909-9 • Doff, Thaine, Puchta, Stranks, Lewis-Jones • Empower C1 Student’s Book with Online Access C M Y K adult and young adult learners that combines course content • online workbook from Cambridge University Press with validated assessment from Cambridge English Language Assessment. cambridgelms.org/empower This unique mix of engaging classroom materials and reliable and reliable assessment, with personalised online assessment, with personalised online practice, enables learners to make consistent and measurable progress. C1 English Profile www.englishprofile.org The course provides: C1 • intriguing images, texts and video designed to arouse C1 Advanced curiosity and get students talking B2 Upper Intermediate practice, enables learners to make consistent and • unit progress tests and mid-course and end-of-course competency tests delivered through the Cambridge Learning B1+ Intermediate Management System (CLMS) • manageable learning with a syllabus informed by English Doff, Thaine, Puchta, Stranks, Lewis-Jones B1 Pre-Intermediate Profile and the Cambridge English Corpus, ensuring students encounter the most relevant language at the right point in A2 Elementary measurable progress. their learning A1 Starter cambridge.org/empower Other components include: Teacher’s Book Presentation Plus DVD-ROM Class Audio CDs Class DVD System Requirements: What could your students achieve with This product is optimised for use on the following systems and browsers: Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Minimum internet speed: 3Mbps download Windows 8.1. and 512 Kbps upload speed per user Supported browsers: Internet Explorer 10 Firewall: Must allow delivery of content and 11, most recent version of Chrome, most recent version of Firefox from multiple IP addresses Adrian Doff, Craig Thaine Mac OSX 10.8 and 10.9. Hardware requirements: Supported browsers: Safari 6.0 and 7.0 Minimum screen resolution: 1024x768px Microphone for voice recording activities Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks, Peter Lewis-Jones JavaScript must be enabled in the browser Cambridge English Empower? Student’s Book Online Assessment with online access Online Practice Online Workbook Teacher’s Book contents Introduction Student’s Book also available as Page 2 Welcome Interactive eBook Page 4 Course methodology Also available Page 7 Learning Oriented Assessment • Student’s Book (or eBook) Page 9 Unit overview without online access Page 16 Syllabus • Print Workbook (with and without answers), with Teaching notes downloadable audio and video Page 20 Unit 1 Page 36 Unit 2 Page 52 Unit 3 Page 66 Unit 4 For Teachers Page 81 Unit 5 Page 96 Unit 6 Page 110 Unit 7 Page 126 Unit 8 ADVANCE D ’S BOOK TEACHER Page 142 Unit 9 Page 158 Unit 10 978-1-107-46920-4 • Godfrey, Gairns, Redman, Rimmer • Empower C1 Advanced Teacher’s Book C M Y K Page 174 Teaching plus C1 Teacher’s Book Photocopiable activities with photocopiable Page 176 Overview Wayne Rimmer activities and with Tim Foster and Julian Oakley online access Page 180 Teacher’s notes Page 201 Grammar AUDIO CD SET AUDIO CD SET CMYK Page 221 Vocabulary 978-1-107-46919-8 • Doff, Thaine, Puchta, Stranks, Lewis-Jones • Empower C1 Presentation Plus C M Y K Empower C1 Advanced Class Audio CDs D ADVANCE EMPOWER EMPOWER DIO CDs CLASS AU C1 ADVANCED EMPOWER Page 241 Wordpower Presentation Plus can be used with all types ADVANCED of interactive whiteboard, or with a computer ADVANCED CLASS DVD and projector. C1 ADVANCED System requirements: DVD-ROM Adrian Doff, Craig Thaine, Doff, Thaine, Puchta, Stranks, Lewis-Jones Doff, Thaine, Puchta, Stranks, Lewis-Jones Microsoft® Windows® XP/Vista/7/8 Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks, Peter Lewis-Jones Mac® OS X 10.6, 10.7, 10.8 and 10.9 Page 251 Pronunciation K DENT’S BOO Cambridge English Empower Presentation 1GB of RAM; 128 MB of graphics memory WITH STU WORKBOOK Plus classroom presentation software allows you to conveniently present all of the 3GB of free disc space AND C1 Stranks, Lewis-Jones Doff, Thaine, Puchta, Student’s Book, Class Audio and Video content in a lively and interactive way at the front of the classroom. ISBN: 978-1-107-46912-9 It also includes the Workbook with Answers, the C1 English Profile Workbook Audio and Video content, and the C1 www.englishprofile.org Photocopiable Activities from the Teacher’s Book. CEFR chart C1 Cambridge English Empower Presentation Plus uses a great range of tools to enhance your C1 Advanced learners’ classroom experience. You can: 50mm wide, height variable • play Audio and Video clips and display scripts B2 Upper Intermediate Adrian Doff, Craig Thaine • display answer keys Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks, Peter Lewis-Jones • highlight, write, draw and erase • hide and reveal text and images B1+ Intermediate • zoom in and out Class Audio • create notes and save annotations B1 Pre-Intermediate • attach your own web links • connect to Cambridge Dictionaries Online A2 Elementary A1 Starter CDs Adrian Doff, Craig Thaine Adrian Doff, Craig Thaine Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks, Peter Lewis-Jones Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks, Peter Lewis-Jones Class DVD Presentation 2 Plus including grammar. Introduction Student’s Book with online access Online Assessment • Comes complete with access to Online Assessment. so their time Bookshelf iPad app. • Personalised practice – automatically assigned according to • The Interactive eBook can be accessed with the Cambridge each student’s score in the Unit Progress Test.org/empower 3 .englishprofile. • With the Interactive eBook. and more. Online access for teachers Class DVD • To access Cambridge English Empower’s unique online • All the video material for the Student’s Book. create text and voice notes. you can display all Student’s Book ideas and support. With the iPad app it • Language presentations. and benchmarked to the CEFR informs teaching and learning • A Unit Progress Test for every unit (automatically marked) – covering grammar. • Presentation Plus can be used with all types of interactive vocabulary. • With Presentation Plus. and answer keys material. practice activities for every unit. Online Practice control audio speed.org all four skills and generate a CEFR report which reliably benchmarks learners to the target level For more details about the Cambridge English Empower Interactive eBook assessment package.org/empower. practice activities and skills-based can be used offline (after initial download). the Cambridge English • A learning-oriented approach – assessment that regularly Corpus. play all Class Audio and Video. check and display answers. pronunciation and Wordpower whiteboards. show answer • Photocopiable activities – a range of communicative extra keys. play all Class Audio and Video. select ‘Register’ and follow Class Audio CDs the instructions. and more. plus Video Extra assessment and practice package. Online • Validated and reliable assessment throughout the course Practice and Online Workbook – delivered via the Cambridge – developed by experts at Cambridge English Language Learning Management System (CLMS) Assessment • Syllabus informed by English Profile. or with a computer and projector. • All the listening material for the Student’s Book Print tests • Print tests are available from your local Cambridge representative. you can do the Student’s Book please see pages 7–8. or using the Cambridge Bookshelf Web is spent on what they need most Reader on a desktop or laptop computer. go to: cambridge. and Learning Oriented Assessment. plus extra writing • Automatically marked Teacher’s Book Presentation Plus • Detailed teacher’s notes for every lesson. vocabulary and functional language. including extra tips. extension activities for every unit • Automatically marked Online Workbook • Extra practice of all the grammar. vocabulary and functional language – plus a Unit Speaking Test English Profile • Mid-course and end-of-course competency tests that cover www. activities in interactive form (specially designed for tablets). For more information and extra resources. please go to cambridgelms. The 1 encourages learner engagement topics will inform. Independent learning In order to progress. Each unit begins with a Getting Started page. providing Cambridge English Empower also supports the a cognitive and linguistic challenge and a diagnostic teacher through classroom methodology that opportunity for the teacher. prompts ideas and questions skills. Cambridge English Empower: advanced learners from a variety of cultural backgrounds. entertain. synonyms. provoke an emotional response 2 delivers manageable learning and prompt new insights and perspectives – this means that 3 is rich in practice C1 learners are consistently motivated to deal with more 4 provides a comprehensive approach to complex language and engage with varied written and spoken productive skills styles. metaphor. in the mind of the learner. etc. 4 . address their language • Striking images that take an unusual perspective on the unit needs and facilitate the development of their theme – this raises curiosity. The texts have been carefully selected to appeal to teachers. • Speaking activities that prompt a personal response – Supporting the teacher exploring beyond the surface of the image. successful every lesson. Reading and listening widely in English will help students to progress faster. collocations. and at the same Remarkable texts and images time is flexible and creative. learners encounter a range methodological principles underpin the course. This progress encourage learners to respond personally to the content of texts is then measured by a uniquely reliable and images. is familiar and easy to use. These include personalisation tasks which make assessment package. learner. These features accompany the authentic texts and recorded audio and encourage learners to notice and systematically note topical sets. In Empower C1 the Language in context feature and Learning Tips support C1 learners both inside and outside the classroom. places the learner at Getting Started the centre of the learning process. idioms. with its unique mix of learning and assessment. designed to centred approach also applies to the course engage learners from the very start of the unit – leading to methodology – the Student’s Book and additional greater motivation and more successful learning. It does this in resources provide a range of classroom materials the following ways: that motivate learners. Frequent opportunities for personal response Measurable progress There are frequent opportunities to contribute personal views. as will good study skills. This learner. and between learners and and video.Course methodology Key methodological principles A learner-centred approach 1 Learner engagement Cambridge English Empower. and stimulates them to want to communicate. arouse curiosity and empathy. C1 learners must build their vocabulary and use a broad range of language appropriately. developed by test experts the target language in every unit meaningful to the individual at Cambridge English Language Assessment. amuse. Every lesson includes regular activities that lessons and measurable progress. surprise. A number of key Throughout the C1 Student’s book. raise questions. experiences and knowledge to discussion of the themes in This leads to motivated learners. of authentic reading texts and a selection of authentic broadcast enhancing the interface between learners audio along with specially recorded unscripted and scripted audio and their learning. The Teacher’s Notes for each lesson include Homework activities which encourage learners to put the Learning Tips into practice in their independent learning and motivate further reading and listening outside the classroom. g. collocation and idiomatic use and semi-controlled practice in the back of the book Writing • topical sets building learners’ understanding of the precise Focus. idiomatic speech. the methodology throughout Cambridge learners’ linguistic competencies and challenging them. colloquial. Lesson flow • A combination of authentic. participle clauses and cleft them become fluent. and outside the classroom. with notes on usage and in the following ways: typical errors. Every section of language 5 . concerns the selection of target language. register. helping complex sentence structures. There is additional writing practice in the A and B meanings of closely related words and phrases lessons. helping learners improve usage and tackle • Topics. This offers learners (and their teachers) reassurance that the material is at the right level for advanced learners: Task and activity design the language syllabus avoids obscure language and the Tasks and activities have been designed to give learners an authentic reading and listening material is carefully chosen appropriate balance between freedom and support. This means learners using Cambridge English When learners join an advanced course they are already Empower C1 are presented with target language that includes: competent users of English. • structures likely to be new at C1 – for more sophisticated • As at all other levels. having achieved the B2 level. through the core syllabus whilst they develop towards a C1 • Authentic reading texts raise learners’ awareness of style and level of competency as independent individual learners. whilst working together as a class. as well as more multiple communicative opportunities in every lesson. activities within sections do likewise. Each section builds towards the next.g. • Regular focuses on register help C1 learners to become Vocabulary flexible and effective users of English in a wide variety of • lexical sets which build on existing knowledge and further spoken and written contexts. develop the ability to use language precisely and flexibly – • Learners improve their written style with extended controlled focusing on word-building. whilst giving a strong each individual learner at C1 will be challenged and engaged focus on the language students need to produce themselves. each with a clear focus on language C1 learners to develop a broad vocabulary both inside and and/or skills. it also supports teachers because there are likely to be fewer unexpected challenges during the Syllabus planning and the selection of language course of a lesson – this also means that necessary preparation A key element in making learning material appropriate for C1 time is reduced to a minimum. natural and spontaneous speakers of sentences English. At the end of each lesson there is a substantial freer topical speaking and/or writing A second core principle that informs Cambridge English task motivating learners to use new language in a natural. learning. and help build the broad vocabulary required of a C1 user of English. two powerful Cambridge English resources – the Cambridge Corpus and English Profile – have been used to How does Cambridge English Empower C1 meet the inform the development of the course syllabus and the writing needs of Advanced Learners? of the material. The Grammar Empower C1 level motivates advanced learners to further their • a fresh approach to familiar language. Empower C1 is recognition of the importance of manageable functional context. In Cambridge English Empower. accompanied by skills and provides what they need to achieve C1 competency Cambridge Corpus-informed Tips. Each lesson is comprised • The Language in context feature and Learning Tips support of several sections. e. when new language lends itself to written contexts. English Empower anticipates and mitigates potential problems The Cambridge English Empower C1 classroom material reflects that learners might encounter with language and tasks. emphasis or distancing. • topical sets encouraging appropriate use of rich descriptive • Varied and stimulating texts motivate learners to develop their language reading and listening skills so that a wide range of texts The level is carefully designed to offer measurable progress become accessible. Empower C1 offers every learner functions. While the concept of manageable learning in three main ways: this clearly supports learners. semi-scripted and scripted listening Teaching and learning is made manageable through the material exposes students to a wide variety of voices and careful staging and sequencing of activities. e. offering learners the opportunity to personalise the target language. As an to be accessible whilst consistently acknowledging advanced overall principle. ensuring that natural. Introduction 2 Manageable learning input ends in an output task. tasks and texts with an appropriate level of cognitive habitual mistakes and linguistic challenge motivate learners by helping them to • lexical equivalents to grammatical structures – develop more notice the gap between their current skills and those of a C1 precise and sophisticated language use user of English. confident users of new language. developing C1 learners to become flexible and effective users appropriate to the stage of the lesson and real-world use of the of language for social and professional purposes. comprehensive approach to speaking skills. Each Learners are automatically directed to the appropriate point ‘Skills for Writing’ lesson follows a tried and tested formula: in this practice cycle. there are speaking strategies that are most relevant to C1 learners’ more opportunities for practice of grammar. and in keeping with •T he Online Practice component offers interactive language the overall course methodology. Writing •T he main teacher’s notes also provide ideas for extra activities at various stages of the lesson. not just practised. 3T hey then do a series of activities which explore the main •T he extension activities in the Online Practice component features and structure of each genre of text as well as (via the Cambridge LMS) also offer further practice in reading developing aspects of specific writing sub-skills that have and listening skills. developing C1 learners’ ability to practice of target language. 6 reading and speaking – as it is in real life – and is not practised in isolation. However. elements of spoken language: • In the ‘Grammar Focus’. 4T hey then go on to write their own text. In the Cambridge English Empower C1 Student’s Book. Cambridge English Empower is systematic and rich in practice activities and provides learners and teachers comprehensive in its approach to developing both speaking with a wide variety of tasks that help learners to become and writing skills. ‘Vocabulary Focus’ and ‘Writing •U seful language – focusing on the discourse functions and Focus’ pages at the back of the Student’s Book. they are highly communicative presentations followed by practice and extension activities. The target language. from individual sounds there are more opportunities for both written and spoken to extended utterances. these are classroom: not ‘heads-down’ writing lessons – instead. on speaking and listening skills. characteristics of natural speech. communicative practice actively and appropriately developed. and related to the topic of the unit. 2T hey read a text which also provides a model for the later •T he Workbook (Online or Print) provides practice of the target writing output task.3 Rich in practice 4 A comprehensive approach to productive skills It is essential that learners are offered frequent opportunities to Most learners study English because they want to use the practise the language they have been focusing on – they need language in some way. according to their score in the Unit 1L earners engage with the topic through activities that focus Progress Test (at the end of Student’s Book lesson C). ensuring that learners are always writing for a purpose. The D lesson in each unit – ‘Skills for Writing’ – builds Through the Cambridge LMS. been encountered in the model text. 6T he writing leads to a final communicative task. express finer shades of meaning by varying intonation and stress Teacher’s Book • Idiomatic language (Language in context) – focusing on the •M any learners find practice activities that involve an element use of high-frequency idiom in a variety of contexts and of fun to be particularly motivating. Many such activities – registers of social interaction seven per unit – are provided in the photocopiable activities This comprehensive approach ensures that speaking skills are in the Teacher’s Book. of grammar. Cambridge English Empower is for learners. providing fun. B. appropriate to the C1 can use to review and consolidate their learning outside the level. in collaboration with other learners. This means that writing is fully integrated with listening. vocabulary and needs writing skills. . vocabulary and pronunciation. This means that speaking and writing to activate the language they have studied in a meaningful way – the productive skills – are more often than not a priority within an appropriate context. filmed in the practice. input in each A. Speaking Student’s Book The C lesson in each unit – ‘Everyday English’ – takes a Throughout each Cambridge English Empower Student’s Book. language is clearly contextualised by means of engaging video •T here are frequent opportunities for spoken and written (also available as audio-only via the Class CDs). mixed-skills lessons. 5P rocess writing skills are embedded in the instructions for writing activities and encourage learners to self-correct and seek peer feedback. C and D lesson. learners receive guidance and practice in writing a wide range of text Other components types. with a special focus on writing. and particularly in learners are offered a wide variety of practice activities. These ‘Everyday English’ lessons focus on three key is provided in the final activity in each of the lessons. helping to consolidate learning. •P ronunciation – focusing on intelligibility and the • In the ‘Review and Extension’ page at the end of each unit. Activities are clearly contextualised and carefully real world in contexts that will be relevant and familiar to adult staged and scaffolded. Extended spoken and written practice learners. Cambridge English Empower to a learning outcome in which learners produce a written text provides an extensive range of practice activities that learners that is relevant to their real-life needs. org/loa of every unit. you’ll naturally be interested in your learners’ progress. They then have the tests show that learners need more support opportunity to retake the Unit Progress Test – questions they • Opportunities to do the test again and improve performance got right first time will still be filled in. or has 1 Assessment that informs teaching and learning mastered well. Writing. and are calibrated to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). These • A range of tips for teachers on how to incorporate LOA tests use innovative voice-recognition software and allow the techniques. read at a natural rate. is unable to and developed by teams of Cambridge English exam writers. including informal assessment. Every time they step into your classroom. The teacher and learner How does Cambridge English Empower support LOA? are provided with a score for each language area that has Cambridge English Empower supports LOA both informally and been tested. An LOA approach to teaching and learning brings together this ongoing informal evaluation with more formal or structured Cambridge English Empower tests are designed around the assessment such as end-of-unit or end-of-course tests. According to their score in each section of the • Reliable tests for both formative and summative test. the learner is directed either to extension activities or assessment (Unit Progress Tests. testing the target grammar. • Targeted extra practice online via the Cambridge Learning This means that learners can focus their time and effort on Management System (CLMS) to address areas in which the activities that will really benefit them. vocabulary and functional language from the unit. skills-based Competency Tests) focusing on the language points where they need most support. For every unit. Competency Tests Cambridge English Empower offers mid-course and end-of- course Competency Tests. there is an online Unit • Activities that offer opportunities for learner reflection Speaking Test which offers learners the opportunity to test and and peer feedback practise a range of aspects of pronunciation and fluency. go to The course provides an online Unit Progress Test at the end cambridgeenglish. By the end of a course or a level. Listening and Speaking. It in and outside the classroom also allows you to use all of this information not just to produce Practicality – tests are user-friendly and practical for teachers a report on a learner’s level of competence but also to plan and and students inform future learning. This is often an candidates to ensure that test items are appropriate to the intuitive and spontaneous process.Learning Oriented Assessment Introduction What is Learning Oriented Assessment (LOA)? 1 Assessment that informs teaching and learning As a teacher. LOA is an Validity – tests are authentic tests of real-life English and test approach that allows you to pull together all this information the language covered in the coursebook and knowledge in order to understand learners’ achievements Reliability – tasks selected are consistent and fair and progress and to identify and address their needs in a targeted and informed way. into your learner to listen to model utterances. 2 LOA classroom support Unit Speaking Tests • Clear learning objectives – and activities that clearly build Cambridge English Empower provides a comprehensive approach towards those objectives to speaking skills. you’ll know far more about a learner’s ability Cambridge English tests are underpinned by research and than an end-of-course test alone can show. as well as a record of their progress – a CEFR report is 7 . you’ll note Cambridge English Empower offers three types of tests written if a learner is struggling with a language concept. meaning that they can • Clear record of learner performance through the CLMS focus on those with which they had difficulty first time round. record themselves. or can understand a new grammar point All tests in the course have been trialled on thousands of but still can’t produce it in a practice activity. A range of insights into learners Impact – tests have a positive effect on teaching and learning and their progress feeds into total assessment of the learner. These skills-based tests cover Reading. and lessons as part of normal classroom practice re-record if they wish before submitting. They provide teachers and learners with a reliable indication of level. Unit Speaking Tests and to a sequence of practice activities appropriate to their level. evaluation and by continuous monitoring and statistical analysis of performance of test questions. identifying the areas where the learner has either formally. Unit Progress Tests For more information about LOA. cycle of learning. Ideally following essential principles: supported by a learner management system (LMS). and both inside and outside the classroom: encountered difficulties and needs more support. In order to do this. in grammar item of new language for your • checking • giving feedback to order to: • adapting the lesson learners intelligible learners on specific »»diagnose potential to take into account • anticipating and preparing pronunciation of new language strengths and needs students’ individual for challenges in language needs »»check if they can starting points and understanding new • fostering ‘learning how to use new language interests language. At the how to use a number of these techniques within each lesson. An LOA approach will emphasise helps teachers to systematically collect and record evidence those parts of your thinking that involve forming evaluations or of learning and performance and in doing so demonstrates to judgements about learners’ performance (and therefore what teachers and learners how much progress has been made over to do next to better assist the learner). • encourage learners to review and reflect after they’ve worked Within the CLMS. showing their performance within LOA classroom tips for teachers the relevant CEFR level (both overall and for each of the skills). a number of different web tools. The ‘LOA teacher’ is time. and already know a potential problem with have consolidated the they feel they performed checking learners’ vocabulary or the use and meaning form of new language a task written language. including all test • elicit information and language results and also their scores relating to the online practice • concept check new language activities that follow the tests – helping teachers and learners • drill new vocabulary or grammar to recognise achievement and identify further learning needs. These tools can also each of the above techniques. and the activities all contribute towards this goal. provide opportunities for teachers and learners to communicate outside of class. The table below summarises core and LOA-specific aims for and for learners to do additional practice.generated for each learner. there is a ‘Review your progress’ feature that This will help teachers to consider their learners with more of encourages learners to reflect on their success. relative to the an evaluative eye. Teaching techniques monitoring eliciting concept checking drilling review and reflect Core • checking learners • checking what • checking that learners • providing highly • finding out what ideas aims are on task learners know about understand the use and controlled practice learners generated when • checking learners’ a topic in order to meaning of new language of new language working on a task progress generate interest • praising learners’ • making yourself performance of a task available to learners • indicating where who are having improvement can be problems made LOA • listening to learners’ • finding out if learners • checking what could be a • checking that learners • asking learners how well aims oral language. both for the learn’ skills correctly in context whole class and for individuals 8 . collaborative learning feedback. learning objectives must be clear. It’s important that teachers make sure feedback is and peer feedback. share their assessment with them and ensure they get plenty of there are also opportunities for reflection. Each lesson starts with a clear ‘Learn to …’ goal. All these familiar teaching be used by teachers to give more specific feedback based on techniques are a natural fit for the kind of methodology that the teacher’s informal evaluation during lessons. leading to a The Cambridge English Empower Teacher’s Book provides tips on significant practical outcome at the end of the lesson. including on a task message boards. • How well did they understand that listening text? assess. forums and e-portfolios. Within the lessons. In a typical lesson you’re likely to use some or perhaps all of The Cambridge Learning Management System (CLMS) provides the following teaching techniques: teachers and learners with a clear and comprehensive record • monitor learners during learner-centred stages of the lesson of each learner’s progress during the course. constantly thinking things like: • Have they understood that word? • How well are they pronouncing that phrase? 2 LOA classroom support • Were they able to use that language in a freer activity? Clear objectives • How many answers did they get right? An LOA approach encourages learners to reflect and self. • How many errors did I hear? In Cambridge English Empower. so it helps learners to know what they are doing well in addition to what needs a little more work. well balanced. each unit begins with a clear set • And what does that mean for the next step in the learning of ‘can do’ objectives so that learners feel an immediate sense process? of purpose. The CLMS informally supports LOA. Of course it also helps learners if teachers ‘can do’ objectives at the start of the unit. end of each unit. family life. 3 I’m afraid the only way is to cancel the trip. he’ll try and . in which they had 2 What kinds of crimes do you think the prisoners here might have committed? criminals. They had been held in it 4 When we lived in the village we must / were going to / had to 1 What do you think the conditions are like? (cells. for the company. is sitting in the prison’s agrees that in prison 11minor irritations Adds an idea in a new Adds two ideas in the same c make a surprising statement 5A Vocabulary Focus highlighted words and phrases in the text. I can’t stop now. Typical duties include managing below and decide what value you think the job has I look forward to hearing from you. which was a bad sign. prosecution /prɒsɪˈkjuːʃən/ 4 The photographer has captured serious crimes imaginable Organise your notes into opinions in favour of this idea scenes of inner-city poverty. I ought to organise my time more effectively. d Read another student’s essay. Tip Can we have a swimming pool? b Choose the correct option. 4 Credit card f usually happens because people are careless. Worst thing about the job: Expect to be away from You are obliged/required to … b Complete the sentences below with the obligation d phrases in the box.132 held in solitary confinement. 3 You’ll to have an explosive ordnance disposal 2 I am writing in response to / answering / replying to your chauffeuring to pet care. whatever. It is not true. Often more than one answer is between the two jobs? Consider these aspects: about the jobs. B and C lessons Learn Learn to to talk talk about about crime crime and and punishment punishment time. I can 6 Once I had to / must have / was required to do a four-hour never work out if they’ve been naughty or not. concrete wall. It’s a truly image. I don’t him. you’d known. What differences are there … ? media. b every unit includes illustrated Discuss the questions. housekeeping. some of whom have committed the most serious crimes 4 who in some cases have committed the most imaginable. We can use It’s up to + person + whether to say somebody is not have nothing against I have nothing against the new manager. the likelihood of which (formal): We keep the particles with the verb with multiword verbs: be happy / willing + to I’d be happy to help out in the sales It would seem that the guilty person has been found. 8 I was supposed to / had better / had to be at the office at 3 A He’s found himself a _________ in a boy called Jim 9:00 but I overslept. 3. 7 He got off . And they might pass on information to other connected with … ? 4 GRAMMAR should expect to pay at least £15. integrated skills lesson use the relative pronoun that or leave out object pronouns: Mr White. you’re sat there in a small room. 1 Sylvia will organise the guest list. 2 a He hadn’t even read my book. why not? If so.137 c Read the advert and Andy’s application email. like time and day. environment.135. employers have no right to try and addition linker or a reinforcement linker. Increasingly. It will 2 How does Norway aim to deal with criminals? comfort. ^ the c Could you imagine doing either of the jobs? 1 As well doing online research of social media. Unit Progress Test have been the end of it. Sam makes a point of consulting Claudio about work-flow And that’s just the diving. 3 The kittens are loving that ball of wool! It’s those of boutique hotels victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ 4 5 The prison grounds … go ‘trawling’ for negative information about applicants In particular.. Listen and check. Which perfect balance between the foreground 56 57 and the sky and the land. up to £150. When you record new words and a 3. the governor of introduction to an essay? Why? Learning Tip Halden. If they complaints. I was there. B Well. They could believe people should 4 to invest in their own the flagship of the Norwegian justice system. The B I know. ‘An entry … is a mandatory requirement 6D Formal letters. Listen 1 The angle of this photo shows 4 In this photo he’s wearing an If you can’t see the wall. and was horrified to see that the inmates 7 take it seriously because it may make your 2 Do you think it’s a good idea to post comments about work 2 What are the reasons some job applicants are worried to present ideas and opinions for a second. this looks like the only realistic solution. It’s up to you whether you take this job but I think it’s a great offer. You must have the mindset of someone who b Work in groups of five. 2.. Customers accept the free offer and they have to agree to you must be given a diving assessment and a diving first. Lesson A and Lesson B Lesson D • highly communicative 5A Relative clauses Grammar Focus • input and practice of core 2. hits cinemas this weekend. What is the difference between 2. talk about the four jobs you read about. 3 I always ask my friends not to post photographs of me on a must and should b must and have to forget it. online. while a very experienced private butler can earn word or phrase in each group in italics that is less Dear Sir/Madam. or 1 Also available: 1 social worker 5 farmhand for each objective.49 Underline where you think the main stress could be used for both? in these pairs of word groups is. c Complete the text with the phrases in the box. 6 A new film about famous partners . every six months. we • none of whom / all of which / some of whose etc. He listens politely. solitary confinement. ‘Halden prison has been compared to the finest hotel. Listen and check. CAN DO OBJECTIVES 1 Do you find it easy to talk to people you’ve just met? 2 What had Sara assumed Max was doing? correctly? A But. any employer. every three. and the perfect light factors such as their medical history or age. accused’s alibi. can you? Presuming. It was a long and confusing story. at lying. 1 A I can always tell when my children are . Each pair of disaster! b Pay them compliments where possible. Tick (✓) the opinions you agree environment than words could. employer to do anything from wardrobe management to a Work with a partner. the prison blocks are a model of with a daily payment of 53 kroner prison governor who visited recently do you post comments about your work or study life? What 1 Why do companies feel it’s appropriate to use social media 6 They had come up outside the local police station. My boss said I’ve got to be in the office by 8. which was / appeared / was published in other staff. and after place or You shouldn’t do unpaid overtime. You can now do the Unit Progress Test. four jobs (assuming you had the necessary qualifications 4 The private life of employees should remain private. Høidal says. 1 a nurse 3 I look forward to hearing from you in due course / in a bit / 4 A private butler can to do anything. impossible to 5scale. • you had to lay down the law to someone • covering grammar. which is fantastic. with and compare with a partner. numbers 1–4. many of whom have grown up with social house stands alone against its exhibition are virtually the same. This year’s pay offer – a miserable 1% increase. Vocabulary Focus 3 Why do you think some criminals leave prison and re-offend while others don’t? and Writing Focus sections at 55 the back of the book. applications and social media. c Communication 5B Now go to p. Always laugh at their jokes. Unless I them . something they did on social media? What did they post? humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ gritty /ˈgrɪti/ a Match the captions with the photos in the article. /rɪˈpetətɪv/ the points of view of both employers and employees 9 It’s a very image. there is a ^ in 1–7. somewhere we can use that instead of when/where. companies are examining information they are seeking is freely available. from Parts 1. in very long hours. the same sentence online can be seen by anyone. COMPARED TO THE FINEST HOTEL a What is the function of each paragraph in the essay? d introduce interesting new information 5 6 Ten people agreed to take part.47 Watch or listen to Part 2 and answer the check. I need a holiday first! 2 There are several reasons they hid the money. they give us additional Mr Brown. companies will expect It is common practice for companies to get useful information 2 It is already possible to perceive benefits from the training • working hours • impact on family life. b He’s been convicted of murder and sent to prison. well. contrasting e Note the highlighted linker in paragraph 2. 1 What did Max think Sara’s job 3 WORDPOWER Idioms: Crime was? 2 Why does Max say he wouldn’t Review and extension a have agreed to meet a journalist? 2. (forbidden) future a lot rosier. It is 1 LISTENING and SPEAKING 2 READING Match these descriptions with the paragraph an essay? Why? 7 That was the best excuse drainage system. (objection) 6 you whether you take this option but you kind of things do you say? to find out about job applicants? arguments d little of which was true. of which should be . ^ they have decided to Moreover … Beyond … • risks and danger • getting on with other people • what it involves table. In meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfəl/ ironic /aɪˈrɒnɪk/ 2 What other types of posting on social media wouldn’t to land a top job. this could be anything. Use expressions from 4a to 1a does Sara use? Note down some specific examples. is that serving a three-year sentence for a they 10address him. Does anyone know the reason (why/that ) crime is so high? Tip what is not a relative pronoun. for two years.: essential (formal) You’d better be early tomorrow! Take me somewhere (where/that ) I can relax for a few days. 1 which results in a 20% reoffending rate efficient and allows them to filter out unsuitable applicants. How would 146 147 huge. This off the iconic architecture of the exotic costume with feathers and RECRUITMENT new art gallery. You can’t at my social media postings. With nouns which refer to time. Halden has acquired a reputation as the world’s most 2humane prison. Furthermore. 3 where prisoners receive comforts often likened to you think this is fair? Discuss in small groups. is useful to make a note of others that have and check. Check your answers in the table. or securely disposing of them. but Things a bit slow at work today – spent all day online “doing research”. 4 Prison meals. (up to) 4 What are the aims of the design of the prison? Halden cell has a flatscreen television. 1 LISTENING e 2. On top of that. also express concern that they may be judged on the the system clearly creates opportunities for employers someone else d Now go to Grammar Focus 5A on p. at the moment. diver. That is the worst thing that can sense hidden anger or deep despair.51Complete the expressions c Read this conversation. I think that people tend to forget that just about anything f It all looks very elaborate. be willing to be prepared have no choice but to Skills for Writing UNIT 5 in the 1communal apartment-style areas where prisoners 2 Kate has nothing against / with / on going camping but she’d Learn Learn to to write write an an opinion opinion essay essay have nothing against ought to live together in groups of eight. Why / Why not? a Scandinavian boutique hotel than a class A prison. of the prison’s 6m kroner (£640. 1 What does Max think it’s easier to write? moment. Listen and check.. come to our mansion to scout out the good students. Do you mention the match. Why? 5 I’d a guess that he hadn’t even read my book. grammar and vocabulary. • any negative aspects to the work. 8 I spent some time working on a school magazine and are required? 2 Why do you think the author chose to use expressions To succeed as a butler. ■ Recall and speculate d Try to be funny. angry banging of doors you hear in British prisons. Do management Which of the above are appropriate ways to begin an In addition as well as a Listen to the sentences.’ 1 Have you ever heard of anyone losing a job because of references. 3 Who in your group would be most suitable for each of the you in an unethical way. running errands. In non-defining relative clauses we cannot without charge. a Choose the correct option. behaviour. most is that that interview was a total A Well. and functional language 5 Tax e is not a crime. can use whom in formal written language. 5 It’s a very photo. e to create an absolutely flawless image. media provides information for the job applicant about to help you. 1 Criminals should be brought f ace-to-face with their victims. Besides. NOT to who have gone have no choice but Well. etc. he only had to repay the money. 6 . 1 Where is the man? What’s his role there? 2 Why do you think he’s got a frog? For extra input and practice. be happy to be under no obligation to be up to alden prison smells of freshly brewed coffee. 1 a Thousands of pounds in cash were found on the premises. Replace the words in prefer a hotel. /ˈklʌtəd/ 8 For me. 2 VOCABULARY B You should __________. a Discuss the questions. When the door slams at Halden doesn’t feel like a place where 1 Beyond researching the applicant on social media. very narrow timescale. the result/outcome of which. employers approve of? applicants’ social media profiles for information to use in as well as being a valuable tool for employers. Stealing from the kitchen is something which we will not put up with. or one 5 There should be laws to restrict how much information 1 I always think carefully about what I write in emails. /bliːk/ employees without having to give a reason.55 Complete the exchanges with the idioms from b quite the opposite of fair. 6 Gerald will have to attend the meeting. didn’t you? nd 2 Look at strategies a–e for talking to new people. whoever. grenades and landmines. vocabulary 3 People who drink and drive should be permanently • you gave someone the benefit of the doubt. I’ll snap 1 ups and downs 2 basis 3 a I haven’t got the right qualifications – Communication 5C Work in pairs. to stay calm in stressful situations. Brother-ish for my liking.57 6 What aspect of prison life does Kent find difficult? which comes with large.3bn Norwegian kroner (£138m). 2 and 3. b Hadn’t even opened my book. charged at this police station. he was found guilty of the crime. even if you were an amazing actor. State pension schemes are just inadequate and although on rehabilitation rather than punishment. 7 All of them knew the criminals by sight. at a cost of 1. Practise the conversation in 4c with a partner. That would be too soon. a Discuss the questions. b Look at the phrases in bold in a. using an aid course. or no pronoun in • whoever / whatever / wherever / whenever We use had better + infinitive in advice or threats: be advisable / Protective clothing is advisable. Linking: addition and 1 Two criminals wanted to escape from the prison. We try The inmates tell Høidal they’re c written by employees to their colleagues. in which case The children who I look after at the day centre are very naughty. c It’s quite a bleak image. exercise. Moreover. she says. A place where you have to the A.137. We use should and ought to to say what is the right thing to do: be required (formal) At the beginning I was not required to put • when / where / why Carter is accused of three crimes. ‘We felt it issue is freedom. banned from trawling for negative information. A So when are you starting your new job? I was over the impression that 1 The crime she committed was very serious. employers 2 Graffiti by Norwegian artist Dolk. hand. b Despite a strong defence case. What strategies from Choose the correct word to complete the rule. to 10 (= most harsh). They had first been 2 I don’t mind waiting until the end. If there aren’t UNIT s5s Why / Why not? 3 What reason does Max give for his interview with Oscar 2 I was the impression that a long weekend. from you. using information from social on getting things done and less on te 2 Which is the most/least appealing job for you? so you can challenge companies who use information about of experience. Private butler the March issue of your magazine. house security. 2 You must be given a diving assessment and a diving first. There isn’t any of the W Essays.’ says Sara Vestin.146 f Compare your ideas in 2e with other students. need to / don’t need You don’t need to tell me what went information about nouns. the chance of which. was released the present or future: I’ll have to / I must get some more qualifications soon. the most wonderfully Demanding to see my social media is just a bit too Big c Write an essay on the fairness of employers dismissing b She gave testimony in court that she had seen the accused running d The judge insisted that she serve the full b It looks sensational. bombs safely.000. Laila and their talk to other people and note down opinions. I can’t remember the last time I had a break.’ living in small confined spaces with lots of other people. obliged to do something in informal language: verb + -ing / noun a What do you think life in a typical prison is LIFE AT HALDEN PRISON 2 Mrs Jackson. like? Think of examples from your country or from 5 The police arrived half an hour later. • powerful Compare your order with a partner. 2 shop assistant 6 factory foreman 3 = very well 2 = well 1 = not so well 3 meter reader 7 investment banker 4 builder I CAN … talk about crime and punishment • Speaking Test for every unit c Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of talk about job requirements and fair pay each of the types of work in 2b. The local police arrested them.45 Watch or listen to Part 1.44 Willingness She lied on her interview form.38 Listen to the sentences. a 2. Some people will 2 working past normal retirement Which of the above are appropriate ways to conclude age but will employers 3 keep people on who Read the article and check. • how much the person works I have taken a keen interest in … Butler Institute. b Which expressions in 4a are used speculate. a 43-year-old office manager routine. you’re a technician. What do I have to do next? plus a mix of skills • special focus on writing skills charge. must only refers to These phrases are all followed by to + infinitive: Non-defining relative clauses are not essential. He’s only a teenager.58 162 163 UNIT 5 UNIT 5 3 READING and SPEAKING Bomb disposal diver 5 READING and SPEAKING Typical salary: In the private sector you can earn up 5D Linking: addition and reinforcement a Read the headings and look at the photos. How does Sara’s meeting with Max nearly end in UNIT 5 disaster? b 2. with spam. (happy) we may 5 invest in private pension schemes 1 On arrival.43 Other phrases for obligation / no obligation The man (who ) he attacked is recovering in hospital. creating an environment that was as unprisonlike says. social media during work hours. in which there should be: h Now go to Writing Focus 5D on p. night. c we all have our 3 out of it soon enough 4 a Halden is more than just a prison – are under no obligation to sign up for the course. • what qualifications and skills you need a Cover the table. obligation and necessity • specialist skills and • responsibility private profile under a different name that employers will mind that nothing is completely free. REVIEW YOUR PROGRESS b What sectors would you find these jobs in? How well did you do in this unit? Write 3.’ says came past but instead 9clustered around g that doesn’t have any decent facilities. b from driving. 4 One night they went down the tunnel. Bomb disposal diver 1 Companies will to have diving qualifications. it’s a to the table. d 2. German law. The street looked familiar. by which time / by that time the gang had films and TV programmes. 4 Members of the public cannot go beyond this point. Exchange information In addition … Furthermore … In addition to … research on a company. 3 I like this photo of the room 6 You need the perfect flower is more like Halden? fear that employers may discriminate against them on or laws to restrict the research employers can do. recall and speculate write an opinion essay • mid-course and end-of-course 66 GETTING STARTED competency tests a Look at the picture and answer the questions. just creative accounting. more formal? which they should be paid per week. • how much the job pays b Replace the words in italics with linkers from the 1 The team is getting on better now. Your essay will be more interesting if you a He was sentenced to life imprisonment. Then either safely recovering Besides … … also … Besides … • lack of privacy • qualifications and training and collecting the weapons. Norway. c Why do you think Max considers doing another doubt shoulder the law red-handed interview? murder good in crime lightly 1 GRAMMAR 4 USEFUL LANGUAGE Recalling and speculating 1 Halden doesn’t feel like a place where you have to look a 2. Which of these do you use? Do you do anything else in particular? being a disaster? you were writing another book? 3 No you heard that from B Who told you that?! I hazard a guess it was that sister of mine! A Yeah.48 Listen to Max’s lines below. It’s another world for me. 4 a premier league footballer I am very much in touch with … of the local football team. if my mind serves me correctly – you went to Spain last month for 3 There are various theories. ^ prioritising tasks on the schedule. Set in a forest. Then thick. ‘You cannot do ‘income fund’ of £1 million. • qualifications and training I feel that. but don’t make jokes about other people. 35-year-old woman was arrested on suspicion of money laundering. We can use which after prepositions and before nouns in fixed Prison is not the kind of place that you would want to spend time in. serving at every meal. Do criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnəl/ receive comforts often likened to those of boutique hotels. it can help to of these forms of punishment and rehabilitation are possible in your 6 These photos make a more e Read the opinions from Mario. We wanted to create normality.000 to £90. They 2 Which phrases in 1 mean … ? CHECK YOUR PROGRESS a everybody experiences good times and bad times b it’s the world’s most humane prison. Couldn’t face it today – phoned in sick. b in fact. It’s a good idea to note adverb + adjective j It is necessary to hold some prisoners in woman’s face seems to be saying Oh.30am As we walk around the compound. right? 7 I think I Emma saying that Complete the sentences with your own ideas. escape through it. 3 You are not allowed / permitted / obliged to throw litter b 1 Match a–c with 1–3 to make phrases from Part 1. whenever. h All prisoners receive either one-to-one or to look at. It’s advisable to … Now go back to p. other than modal verbs? genuinely thrives on looking after others. and came back with an innocent verdict. Irene had to go on a business trip so I took her to the airport. b stop behaving in a negative way c not permanently not obliged to do it. for recalling events? Which are used c What do you think the impact of Sara’s for speculating? Are there any which 1 Why do you think writers sometimes suffer from writer’s block? 2 Bill doesn’t mind / has no objection to / is expected going 8 The High Court lays down and all the local Fairne 2 Why do you think some famous writers avoid giving interviews? conversation strategies will be on Max? b 2. put them before the relative pronoun in formal language: will / can + infinitive Mason won’t work for such a low salary. you need … is illegal in many countries. Typical salary: £60. Given the constraints of needing to keep 6high-risk people being able to focus on his music. how often 5 The two criminals came out into a street. (got) 3 What position does the writer of the essay take on this to outline the topic of the essay and get the reader’s information or reinforce an argument by adding a d Now go back to p. He admits he’s enjoying can become major frustrations. Consider ten years. I understand applicants’ concerns about defence lawyer /dɪˈfens lɔɪə/ an extremely photo.’ happen to you. increased number of completed tasks in the past month. 1 a When your detective solves the murder. was held overnight. from the scene of the crime. It’s up to you to . Besides actively seeking negative information. tailored to 3 an investment banker 4 I’m an enthusiastic supporter / a real fan / a keen follower 6 to have an eye for detail. I’m sure that can’t first letter is given. Listen and them. Sylvia is happy to organise the guest list. b Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. To be able to dispose of the It’s always important to read what you sign up for and bear in Willingness. I have been able to … such as Vestin’s British Butler Academy or the British 6 I have considerable / loads of / extensive experience of c Discuss the questions. Every ‘If you have very few activities. addition. the environment feels more like (£5. if possible. you 4 The jury decided to give the accused the benefit of the 2 PRONUNCIATION Main stress 4 What out in my mind need a holiday too. because the prisoners are not locked up much during the day. Explain: What is more … Above all … As well as … possible. It’s just not possible – it’s completely 6m kroner art budget 2 in their attitudes and opinions employee without giving any reason for dismissal. is there any difference ‘You need to thrive on close proximity for a month or longer. an inmate comes up to ask Høidal. mean ‘the thing which’: Young people today don’t know what be under (no ) I am under no obligation to answer to your I was supposed to read the report by tomorrow but I never got time. the result of which is a 20% reoffending rate. Companies are then entitled to bombard these customers 4 Everyone’s active listening skills have improved. should have a few years’ diving experience. (no choice) 3 Does the writer think the prison is like a hotel? 3 minimalist chic. Qualifications: To dive offshore. people were arrested. witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ served times a day. 11 The picture of Neil Armstrong stepping on collocations. word in each gap. it’s personal service. been held for two years.2 Complete the sentences below c Match sentences 1–6 with a–f. with his victim. they made an allegation of a similar but slightly different meaning. he caught a thief . • the amount of responsibility the person has. 7 Group c will not help the most serious offenders. wherever. booking restaurants. but it only receives the main stress in the first. NOT with which we will not put up have no objection to The staff have no objection to taking a verb + -ing / noun pay cut. Alternatively. ^ the increased productivity of the team. time saved is money saved. media as a basis for discrimination against a job applicant 1 If possible. B OK. cupboards and desks in bright new pine and are busy. 8 We should not give up rights 3 They were desperate for freedom. both in person and online.000. you can’t have too much of a good thing. by Amelia Gentleman escaped. It isn’t pretty. /senˈseɪʃənəl/ photo in the exhibition is the frozen desert. The other remarkable a Match the sentence halves. looking after guests. Listen and check. Student B: Go to p. The emotion is painful Tip If you don’t want people to read it. has kindly agreed to speak. 2. c Compare the clauses below with the examples 1 Prisoners should have their own / share a cell. different points of view. who we cannot name for security reasons. gold buttons. The floor of the cell was over the city he’s so lazy. You see these comments topic? interest supporting idea. permitted / forbidden / She’d better see a doctor before it’s too late. and a punishment or rehabilitation? Why / Why not? expressions in your vocabulary notebook. food. 8 No one should s more than 20 years in prison. at 7. /ˈflɔːləs/ and include your own opinion. argument d How many supporting arguments does the writer give b she could come up with. where the focus is and locked up for the night at 8. Butler Academy. an embarrassing photo on a person’s social Employers argue that they are breaking no laws by addition to the methods mentioned above. they point The job: Being a bomb disposal diver involves descending out that it works both ways and applicants are free to do a Add a linking word or phrase from the table where b Apart from the salary. their research makes the application process more 4 WRITING judge /dʒʌdʒ/ of her face seemed to almost hit me. acquired / developed / picked up some relevant / says Vestin. you have to look over your shoulder. 4 Interview anybody fingerprints were found there. of whom should be trained in . (neutral ) at which Prison is not the kind of place in which you would want to spend time. be lying. they often have a companies who will send out more spam. Then check your answers in home at least six months of the year. in your opinion. These days. d Now go back to p. The real would laugh at the trivial nature of their complaints. 4unbarred windows overlooking mossy forest scenery. Personal space is something of a luxury.000 a year. Yours faithfully. Three suspects were interviewed. and what a fair salary would be. b let alone a bomb disposal diver! Listen and check. Underline e which is ridiculous. 4 A You really at work after messing up that big order. inside the walls of which prisoners should be paid per week. d 2. over your . b process more efficient b briefly summarise key points 3 The letter took a week to arrive. ‘You’re pretty much and training)? is more. for a month or longer. or study on social media? Why / Why not? about this practice? side of the argument more linking words and phrases in the essay that add 8 They took them back to the prison. We use whom not who Obligation and necessity 2. Decide how you will the job without this. loading sections of ■ Talk about job requirements and fair pay c Ask for personal information about where they live word groups ends with the same word. but 7 Students should / ought to / have to make a study I’m going to him . to who / whom we are very grateful. Complete the sentences with one you to have diving qualifications and. checks need to be made that their decisions Writing Tip c 2. informal language: We use indefinite pronouns. voiced privacy concerns in relation to social media. 1h ago psychiatric help.’ says Daniel Roantree. Who b Add additional formal and positive expressions from d Now go to Grammar Focus 5B on p. unlike staying in a hotel. collocations in your vocabulary notebook. c Discuss the questions. should be insist that their private life is private and is no business of I believe it is unfair for employers to judge an applicant’s 2 a She is being held in custody while waiting for her trial. rehabilitation in c from 1 (= least harsh) • playful sentences in a.50 Watch or listen to Part 3. some job applicants have 2 He appears to be lifting a car with one 2 who it was commissioned from out of the prison’s 1 in the experiences they have had a In some countries. however. The 1930s was the time (when/that ) organised crime flourished. is quite different. you should have a few years’ diving experience. shells.61 5 How are inmates motivated to do activities? Why? unlike standard UK prison cells. prisoners become more aggressive.000) art budget. Unit overview Introduction Getting Started page Lesson C Review and Extension • clear learning objectives to • functional language in • extra practice of grammar and give an immediate sense common everyday situations vocabulary of purpose • language is presented through • Wordpower vocabulary extension • striking and unusual images video filmed in the real world • ‘Review your progress’ to to arouse curiosity reflect on success 5C Everyday English Learn to recall and speculate UNIT 5 S Deal with a situation without the facts 3 LISTENING • activities that promote If I remember rightly P Main stress a 2.000 for all these courses. 6 SPEAKING I would like to express my (interest in / dissatisfaction 1 I believe / am certain / guess that my knowledge of local The job: A private butler can be called on by his or her with. He f Discuss the questions. cooking and anything else the household 2 a primary school teacher Giving a positive impression soon. especially arrangements: be allowed We’re not allowed to wear jeans to work. drive for miles to get to a supermarket. I played an active role in … but it’s advisable to do a course at a training college Think about: sample photos which I took recently. Høidal. is recovering in The old lady whose bag was taken was really upset. in his portfolio. I think the time has come for guidelines and against it. if my memory me B Oh. are provided with plenty of opportunities for physical 6 Visitors … rather than getting a balanced general impression. timetable. … is NOT correct. and what they do for a living. We usually use must when we decide what is necessary and have to places at the same time! Non-defining relative clauses are separated by commas in writing and We can use quantifiers like some. When writing an essay on a controversial topic. Private butler You have to be willing to . c Read the article again and answer the questions. a b on a temporary hopefully. we can use why/that or no pronoun: according to some rules or instructions: work at 8. 5 Sam and Claudio now work together more effectively. the Monday off. ‘Recruitment consultants and VIP clients restaurant work. experience. not to let them get 8institutionalised. working just two months out of a Communication 5B Student A: Read the text on Adding an idea in a new sentence Adding two ideas in 6 Companies argue that information that is freely available do you think each job involves? Read and find out. didn’t go to prison. It hits you 5D Terry again after what happened. anywhere. d 6 They accused each other. There was a full moon then. b 2. 2 a I don’t think wealth distribution in this country is fair – 5 SPEAKING outside. from school. c Tell a partner about a time when: 2 C service is a more effective punishment than • you caught somebody red-handed prison. 4 a He was given a lighter prison sentence because he pleaded guilty to d Order the forms of punishment and b Notice the suffix in these adjectives: d Underline the adverb of degree + adjective collocations in the the crime. Make any other necessary changes. are probably less healthy and less effective? The government Prisoners are unlocked at 7. they should be 2 A lot of companies do not allow their employees to access In these particular sentences. Having a lovely day at a state their opinion on the topic important argument? the beach! b refer to interesting facts and figures d Work in pairs. activities for prisoners) Halden is one of Norway’s highest-security jails.46 Language in context Temporary states 1 a It’s dangerous enough being a diver. b you just invent another murder.’ to work for people who aren’t always nice.130. 1 READING 1 The emergency number is 999. . your didn’t stand to attention when Høidal f for which people have made great sacrifices. The prisoners. Halden has attracted attention globally for its design and attend work and educational activities.30pm.50 Listen to Part 3 again emotional engagement and and answer the questions. many of whom have committed some of the most serious offences. the result of which was that six infinitive / for + noun of paperwork. are there any similarities to the seabed and searching for unexploded bombs. 8 her boyfriend’s a technician at City FM. but they are respectful when problem with being in prison. a Read an essay about companies that research their to present ideas and opinions for one side of the a some of whom later dropped out.’ Also. They 4 Whilst I agree that online research is a two-way process. all. Above all.60) for those who leave their cell. and the prison’s architects. 2 GRAMMAR Relative clauses That’s always a tough time. but remarks that people outside the building #superfirm #merger d clearly outline the issue to be discussed sentence sentence Crime and justice 7 incarcerated. It’s essential to … (They) expect you to … their social media pages. seizing the chance to list their h in which case I’ll apologise. mixing studio. no. Essays. Answer the questions. advertisement. 1 You’re staying with Emma at the you were starting next week. brainstorm ideas from two country’s legal system? interviewers below. issues. a It’s not too cluttered. jury /ˈdʒʊəri/ 3 The guards. 5 Module 2 is optional and you mustn’t / don’t have to / are have a guilty look on their face. 4 It’s up to the person what / whose job it is to sort out the transport.00 tomorrow. its own toilet (which. There’s a with very little furniture in it. that guy from the radio interview.3 shouldn’t look like a prison. some to discriminate. and remembers the shock of a to state the writer’s final. Choose a job from the list Please find attached … well-informed reviews. etc. ‘You’re pretty much differences with their employer and they may be obliged 172 173 on your own. 3 The team’s productivity has gone up by 10%. 2. Recently. Worst thing about the job: Long hours and an Rewrite it so that it is in a more formal style. Which linker highlights the most Halden? Obviously the hotel comparison is a stupid one. Emma’s boyfriend. life’s like that. on the training course. director of the British I am writing in response to … suitable for a formal letter. I can’t believe they didn’t take it more seriously.52 a Complete each sentence with one word. activities for prisoners) 7 Most graduates lack the skills for whom / which there is most demand. they get away with . ^ they focus more make sure you are aware of consumer rights in your country a Look at these examples from the texts. fraud against him. companies usually contact previous employers for a certain terms and conditions that they don’t read carefully. be free You’re free to choose whatever position which and of whose in non-defining relative clauses: I must tell you what Jane said in the office. after prepositions: We use must and have to to say what is necessary. has become a good listener since doing the programme.172 the selection process. food. in fact. they complain that companies suitability solely on the basis of their social media postings. which case one must 5 Last week. tall. not least It’s a way of making the application a state their balanced opinion 1 2 Give me one good reason bold and change the punctuation and word order as necessary. I don’t really see a problem with employers having a look e The company was fined a six-figure sum. And most importantly. The last word or phrase in a word group which gives new / repeated information is stressed. unpredictable work schedule mean it’s difficult to have a Dear Sir/Madam. laughs. copper wire into a car. some of are very hard 3 I guess the inspectors need to be inspected. 3 Florida is the only place that / which I can relax.. Prisoners who are a danger to other inmates might be f Communication 6A Now go to p. 3 You have to live with five to ten people in close proximity on your own at depth. 5 You can decide when to leave. and also undergo offshore survival training. • which they want. • personal sacrifice • unusual talents 2 Many people are careful about the information they post on social media. an EOD d Think about your own job or occupation. I can work on Saturday if you give me 5A phrases like in which case. Is it defining or non-defining? How can related postings? Why / Why not? 1 Norwegian prison officers are tasked with rehabilitating the men in their you tell? e What do you think prison life should be like? Complete the media profile might make all the difference when trying researching their employees on social media – the involved. who/whom the police suspect of arson. be prepared + to + Bonnie wasn’t prepared for the amount V Crime V Crime and and justice justice A major police operation started. be expected How can she be expected to be in two hospital. Since it opened in 2010. The prisoners built a tunnel. + infinitive department. What features of the clauses in 2a are . who does each thing? Who well-composed /welkəmˈpəʊzd/ care. 62 63 practical exam. NOT that is based We use whose as a possessive of people and animals: have got + to + infinitive also describes what is necessary. Would you be happy to work when you’re 70? 80? The chances are that many of us will 1 do so. Use these phrases to describe companies can look for. B I never can. which is taken away Maybe I’m not there long enough to live in our world or not? g Underline the linkers in these sentences and add them the legal terms in bold? Discuss the meanings with a partner. the proper controls. f Now go back to p. would you 1 What stands out in my mind is … 2 I think I remember … b Cross out one word or phrase in each sentence which Clyde. Listen and check. you about their customers when they sign up for a free offer. then don’t post it. I’ve hardly got any qualifications! Student A: Go to p. none and few with of whom. b You are an employer. 5 to do a course at a training college.33 Relative pronouns I’ve cleaned the floors. Student B: Read the text on p. Then tell a partner. to mean ‘the person who’.000. balanced opinion of both for each side in paragraphs 2 and 3? c I should believe you. same points? Is your opinion the same? Many adverbs of degree and adjectives form very strong | saw him … group counselling. with my …. in 2a. from whom it was commissioned out 2 Prisoners should / shouldn’t have to do some / any kind of work. d It gets a bit repetitive. still have agreed to meet with me? 3 If my memory serves me correctly. so if you don’t like the requirements of the job to your group. For example. needs. have no problem with verb + -ing / noun My husband has no problem with looking after the kids while I’m in the office. I have no choice but to quit then. Masha ^ These qualifications are a mandatory requirement and you 1 What is it about each job that makes it so well paid? Is it reference. The expression on the It’s essential that we project a positive image at all times – 3 a The defence showed evidence in court which supported the c She served a reduced sentence for good man’s face really makes me smile. b Work with your partner. you need … a ‘service mind’. We can use which to talk about a whole clause not just a noun phrase: Prepositions in relative clauses 2. And you have to live with five to ten people in you would like to do. Prisoners have 7 What surprised the visiting prison governor? their own fridges. We use it as a noun to • recycling of core language from The Finance Director is supposed to authorise all major expenditure. NOT The victim. in meaning between … ? looking after others. What is more. I would be very well qualified to … 1 How can the sentences in 4b be rephrased using must. SOCIAL MEDIA AND employers usually contact previous employers for b When the missing money was noticed. Practise saying the sentences. none of which he admits to. 2 People who are up to no are often very good questions. Guess the meaning of the you cannot leave – hidden behind the silver birch trees is a violent attack. 6 It is wrong for prisoners to be held in solitary c . that / which is easy to remember. no problem.65 the texts. 1 I will / am happy to / have got to help you. divide the ‘income fund’ between the five jobs. can be held there. of when other people decide: pauses in speech. 2 A He may have made up his story about feeling sick. are fair and transparent.32 Defining and non-defining relative clauses Defining relative clauses are essential to the meaning of a sentence: • who / whom / whose We usually use who as subject and object in relative clauses but we 5B Willingness. ‘the thing that’. also has a door) and a shower. /ɪˈlæbərət/ g They suggested he be brought face-to-face 10 This photo was taken just after he lost the you post online can be accessed in one way or another. p. b Underline the relative clause in each caption d Do you think that dismissal is fair punishment for work. • meaningful e Which of the adverbs of degree in the box can be used with which adjectives in bold in c? e Discuss which crimes or types of Underline more adjective suffixes in a.. 2 The criminals shared a prison cell. even when these statement about man’s impact on the are not your own. Those still working might be the lucky ones. compared with 50% sentences with your own ideas.’ 7 I am able to be completely flexible / am free any time / can • the importance of the job have to or should ? What other changes to the sentences Vestin says. Up to 252 c outline a possible course of action 4 I might have made the mistake. obligation and necessity The law which/that was recently passed makes no sense.00. b Look at the photos of Halden prison in c How does the writer conclude the essay? 3 Pilots are essential / obliged / obligatory to take a medical thing is how quiet the prison is. 7 They may to work for people who aren’t 5 police officer I enthusiastically maintain my knowledge of … Qualifications: No special qualifications are required. your country. ordnance disposal (EOD) qualification and several years 3 being unethical. 6 The team now deals with tasks in hand. or more. f He was banned from driving. think that is so good for a person. facilities. to whom the police gave a caution. all of whom were released without you want. have a team dinner once a month. 1 3 3 It is often argued that a time-efficient process is best for all raw /rɔː/ evocative /ɪˈvɒkətɪv/ in 2a. soft. But most of all. Why / Why not? c In groups. In addition. Why don’t you come with me? ■ Talk about crime and punishment a Open the conversation by commenting on something else that’s happening around you. What to £100. then they are happier. a Complete the sentences with the correct words. 6 The match had to / was supposed to / was required to begin our old age. what two things does the writer notice? 1 Do you use social media? If not. You have an annual priceless / valuable editorial skills. we say utterly miserable and 64 3h ago 65 i Prisoners with mental health issues receive to the moon in 1969 is truly . and now he never comes home at a reasonable time any more. employers are able to fire an policeman /pəˈliːsmən/ 3 Welcome to Halden Prison. few of whom / few of them had any H 1 There’s no way Masha must / will / shall be prepared to see 2 What are the conditions like? (cells. future.129. aid course. qualification. working to a control what employees do in their own time. essential to have an eye for detail. I think I remember she saying something along those lines. for 2 Young adults. can help avoid confusion when you want to playful /ˈpleɪfəl/ powerful /ˈpaʊəfəl/ exotic /ɪgˈzɒtɪk/ iconic /aɪˈkɒnɪk/ 2 It is standard to conduct a search of criminal records in use the new language. They ‘trawling’. white towels.) … sporting events will enable me to do / write / contribute 2 These qualifications are . Giving a positive impression be called on it’s essential be obliged expect you level butler we’ve trained will walk into a salary of a Look at these extracts from letters. but if you trust him too much.. 5 Tony should / ought / had better to be taking care of that but retirement age it is only to be expected that we will work into Two criminals wanted to escape from the prison. like e Recall your first day at school. At times. but Our merger with Bookman & Associates looks imminent check your ideas in a dictionary. 5 Here are / I am attaching / Please find attached some always nice. social do they do it to? Use the words in the box nonsensical /nɒnˈsensɪkəl/ in England. are usually comfortable about sharing their lives claim. NOT must to / needn’t wrong. Unit Progress Test 4 It’s up to you whether you / You have no choice but / You 3a. 12 The rather expression on the incredibly elaborate. you’ll be required to have an explosive knowledge • danger not recognise. look at it without feeling something. Bonnie and ■ Write an opinion essay e Look for opportunities to empathise with them. 1 In what ways could working with animals benefit prisoners? 2 What other kinds of activity might be beneficial for men and women while they’re in prison? Grammar Focus. Think of two more adjectives which extremely utterly rather truly have each suffix you underlined. The victim. with nil visibility. criminals might receive each form of Which adjective doesn’t have a suffix? incredibly pretty a little wonderfully punishment or rehabilitation in c. because with an increasing number of people living well beyond reinforcement ’ facilities. offer a good deal of flexibility with regard to working hours. which is based on Roman law. During the day. Cross out one Which job you heard about seems the most demanding? Formal letters it’s advisable be required a mandatory requirement £35. G Relative G Relative clauses clauses a NOT The children after whom I look look over your shoulder you are free to go. Linking: Linking: addition addition and and reinforcement reinforcement 3 WRITING SKILLS g I don’t want to stay anywhere ‘ HALDEN PRISON HAS BEEN Norway and answer the questions. We usually put prepositions at the end of relative clauses but we can We all get on well. c Use relative clauses to join the sentences. Butlers also suffer from isolation and cultural I am writing . To succeed as a bomb disposal diver. but utterly elaborate isn’t a natural collocation.00 but heavy rain delayed the start. judges have to follow its decisions. they are encouraged to ‘Can we have a swimming pool?’ He job applicants on social media.53 Listen to Mario and Laila talking about job 1 The strength of emotion in this close-up 2 In this powerful photo the 5 All the pictures in the the company they hope to work for. or your first day in a job. since the Kent. it with the adjectives in the box. ‘If they are sitting all day. a steady hand and the ability to deal with all sorts of people. W Essays. Why not? 5 We’ll find them they are. 7 This is the most gently photo consider both sides of the issue and outline a range of opinions. b He had to do community service. italics in the text? Should prison be more about to the table in 3f. 1 What does it look like? 6 We recruited some younger staff. Find five mistakes and correct 2. They never tried to escape from it again.’ annoyed by recent changes to the you feel? What action (if any) would you take? b Do you agree with the writer’s opinion? b How does the writer create interest in the f Write the words you underlined in 3e in the correct 8 What is the writer’s impression of the atmosphere at Why / Why not? introduction? column of the table.54 Complete the idioms in bold with the words a personal response 3 What two reasons does Sara give for wanting to interview Max? in the box.147 should earn more and who should earn less? Some people have it and some don’t. b Make notes of the ideas from the discussion in 4a. Whoever stole my sausage from the fridge is in big trouble! We can use be supposed + to + infinitive to say what is necessary be obliged (formal) In our contract we are obliged to start After reason. 60 61 9 . to believe. the very wealthy individual the butler works for. obligation (formal) demands.37 6A Adjectives: Describing images e Do you agree with Kent’s statement in as possible was a priority for Are Høidal. Whose prison behaviour of their friends and family. c Add an extra idea to two of these sentences. not least throughout the 1 What do you think the conditions are like? (cells. is that for minimum d Work in pairs. can be held there. food. 8 What is the writer’s impression of the atmosphere at clear lesson flow Halden? Obviously the hotel comparison is a stupid one. the result of which is a 20% reoffending rate. It is the flagship of the Norwegian justice system. 5 How are inmates motivated to do activities? Why? unlike standard UK prison cells. b Underline the relative clause in each caption in 2a. cupboards and desks in bright new pine and approach and 7 What surprised the visiting prison governor? huge. are provided with plenty of opportunities for physical serious crimes imaginable sections for extra exercise. creating an help build the broad vocabulary immediate sense of purpose. soft. 56 10 . food. impossible to 5scale. activities for prisoners) Halden is one of Norway’s highest-security jails. since the problem with being in prison. unlike staying in a hotel. At times. what two things does the writer notice? Halden has attracted attention globally for its design and 2 How does Norway aim to deal with criminals? comfort. Given the constraints of needing to keep 6high-risk people 7 incarcerated. its own toilet (which.146 practice. highlighted words and phrases in the text. facilities. Set in a forest. because the prisoners are not locked up much during the day. compared with 50% English. Høidal says. There isn’t any of the students talking Norway and answer the questions. in England.Lessons A and B Grammar and Vocabulary and a mix of skills Authentic reading texts Clear goals Authentic texts raise learners’ Each lesson starts with a clear. from whom it was commissioned out more formal? of the prison’s 6m kroner (£640. We wanted to create normality. many of whom have committed some of the most might have committed? serious offences. required of a C1 user of English. on rehabilitation rather than punishment.3bn Norwegian kroner (£138m). What features of the clauses in 2a are 2 Graffiti by Norwegian artist Dolk. tall. Every ‘Teach off the page’ 4 What are the aims of the design of the prison? Halden cell has a flatscreen television. the prison blocks are a model of 3 Does the writer think the prison is like a hotel? 3 minimalist chic. this could be anything. Is it defining or non-defining? How can effective users of 1 Norwegian prison officers are tasked with rehabilitating the men in their you tell? care. Norway. c Compare the clauses below with the examples in 2a. It hits you in the 1communal apartment-style areas where prisoners stages to get live together in groups of eight. creating an environment that was as unprisonlike e Do you agree with Kent’s statement in as possible was a priority for Are Høidal. 4unbarred windows overlooking mossy forest scenery. 3 where prisoners receive comforts often likened to Grammar Focus and those of boutique hotels Vocabulary Focus 4 The prisoners. white towels. support and d Now go to Grammar Focus 5A on p. Halden has Read the article and check. and and achievable learning goal. where the focus is c Read the article again and answer the questions. at a cost of 1.’ Focuses on register 2 GRAMMAR Relative clauses help C1 learners to become flexible and a Match the captions with the photos in the article. the governor of Regular focuses on italics in the text? Should prison be more about Halden. concrete wall. register If you can’t see the wall. check your ideas in a dictionary. and the prison’s architects. Frequent speaking activities for prisoners) alden prison smells of freshly brewed coffee. inside the walls of which prisoners 6m kroner art budget receive comforts often likened to those of boutique hotels. Then thick. angry banging of doors you hear in British prisons. anywhere. 5A A place where you have to Learn to talk about crime and punishment G Relative clauses look over your shoulder V Crime and justice Can we have a swimming pool? 1 READING a What do you think life in a typical prison is LIFE AT HALDEN PRISON like? Think of examples from your country or from Regular speaking films and TV programmes. some of whom have committed the most serious crimes 4 who in some cases have committed the most imaginable. Rich in practice 1 which results in a 20% reoffending rate 2 who it was commissioned from out of the prison’s Clear signposts to 3 Welcome to Halden Prison.000) art budget. Guess the meaning of the you cannot leave – hidden behind the silver birch trees is a preparation time. facilities. by Amelia Gentleman activities 1 What does it look like? H 2 What are the conditions like? (cells. 1 On arrival. also has a door) and a shower. the environment feels more like Why / Why not? a Scandinavian boutique hotel than a class A prison. Prisoners have their own fridges. Up to 252 lesson. 2 What kinds of crimes do you think the prisoners here criminals. practical awareness of style and register. acquired a reputation as the world’s most 2humane prison. ‘We felt it punishment or rehabilitation? Why / Why not? shouldn’t look like a prison. Since it opened in 2010. Straightforward 6 What aspect of prison life does Kent find difficult? which comes with large. The other remarkable b Look at the photos of Halden prison in thing is how quiet the prison is. but being able to focus on his music. This makes learning so learners can use language more memorable and gives learners immediately.’ d e What do you think prison life should be like? Complete the sentences with your own ideas. issue is freedom. violent attack. It is not true. 11 . ownership of the language. We try The inmates tell Høidal they’re c not to let them get 8institutionalised. 1 Prisoners should have their own / share a cell. During the day. The Language in context feature and Learning Tips support C1 learners to develop a broad vocabulary both inside and outside the classroom. Students will learn the most relevant and useful language. then they are happier. He listens politely.30am and locked up for the night at 8. semi-scripted and scripted listening material The wide range of audio recordings exposes students to natural. That is the worst thing that can sense hidden anger or deep despair. When the door slams at Halden doesn’t feel like a place where night. with a practical spoken and/or written outcome where students can use language more freely. whilst giving a strong focus on the language students need to produce themselves. Introduction Learner engagement Communicative outcome Engaging images and texts Each input section is followed motivate learners to respond by a communicative outcome. at the appropriate point in their learning journey. a 43-year-old office manager routine. but remarks that people outside the building says.’ annoyed by recent changes to the Kent.’ says came past but instead 9clustered around Høidal. ‘ Spoken outcome HALDEN PRISON HAS BEEN b Each A and B lesson ends COMPARED TO THE FINEST HOTEL Prisoners are unlocked at 7. but they are respectful when serving a three-year sentence for a they 10address him. of whom should be trained in . they are encouraged to ‘Can we have a swimming pool?’ He attend work and educational activities. 5 The prison grounds … 6 Visitors … f Compare your ideas in 2e with other students. but happen to you. If they complaints. The target language is benchmarked to the CEFR. seizing the chance to list their think that is so good for a person. Manageable learning nishment The syllabus is informed by English a Profile and the Cambridge English Corpus. should be paid per week. Whose prison is more like Halden? 57 A combination of authentic. is sitting in the prison’s agrees that in prison 11minor irritations mixing studio. idiomatic speech. and was horrified to see that the inmates ‘If you have very few activities. an inmate comes up to ask Høidal. 4 Prison meals. and remembers the shock of a with a daily payment of 53 kroner prison governor who visited recently (£5. personally. for which they should be paid per week. of which should be . 2 Prisoners should / shouldn’t have to do some / any kind of work. in which there should be: . He admits he’s enjoying can become major frustrations. ’ As we walk around the compound. should be served times a day. colloquial. your didn’t stand to attention when Høidal prisoners become more aggressive. you have to look over your shoulder. I don’t him. That’s always a tough time.30pm. The real complaints.60) for those who leave their cell. 3 The guards. you’re sat there in a small room. ‘Halden prison has been compared would laugh at the trivial nature of their to the finest hotel. laughs. are busy. ‘If they are sitting all day. which is taken away Maybe I’m not there long enough to from you. 1 Match a–c with 1–3 to make phrases from Part 1.48 Listen to Max’s lines below. Choose the correct word to complete the rule. which shows language clearly and in context. a Discuss the questions. Each pair of pronunciation and word groups ends with the same word.45Watch or listen to Part 1. receives the main stress in the first. Listen and check. a everybody experiences good times and bad times Practise saying the sentences. b 2. b you just invent another murder. high-frequency idioms. d 2. b stop behaving in a negative way c not permanently 62 12 . b Pay them compliments where possible. Why? offers a comprehensive d Try to be funny.49 Underline where you think the main stress in these pairs of word groups is. in fact. b let alone a bomb disposal diver! The Language in Listen and check. Always laugh at their jokes. Lesson C Prepares learners for effective real-world spoken communication Everyday English Spoken outcome Focusing on the functional language and Each C lesson ends speaking strategies that help learners to with a practical communicate effectively in the real world. The last word or phrase in a word group which gives new / repeated information is stressed. I’ll snap 2 basis b in fact.47 Watch or listen to Part 2 and answer the questions.46 Language in context Temporary states 1 a It’s dangerous enough being a diver. Which of being a disaster? speaking skills these do you use? Do you do anything else in particular? A unique combination a Open the conversation by commenting on 2 PRONUNCIATION Main stress of language input. What strategies from 1a does Sara use? Note down some specific examples. something else that’s happening around you. 1 What does Max think it’s easier to write? 2 What had Sara assumed Max was doing? Comprehensive 1 Do you find it easy to talk to people you’ve just met? Why / Why not? 3 What reason does Max give for his interview with Oscar approach to 2 Look at strategies a–e for talking to new people. a 2. 2 a He hadn’t even read my book. 2 a I don’t think wealth distribution in this country is fair – context feature in the a on a temporary 1 ups and downs b quite the opposite of fair. spoken outcome. I’ve hardly got any qualifications! c we all have our 3 out of it soon enough students’ awareness of 4 a Halden is more than just a prison – 2 Which phrases in 1 mean … ? b it’s the world’s most humane prison. but don’t make jokes about other 1 a When your detective solves the murder. 1 LISTENING e 2. c What do you think the impact of Sara’s conversation strategies will be on Max? b 2. approach to speaking people. 5C Everyday English Learn to recall and speculate S Deal with a situation without the facts If I remember rightly P Main stress Real-world video Language is showcased through high-quality video filmed in the real world. but it only c Ask for personal information about where they live speaking strategies and what they do for a living. 3 a I haven’t got the right qualifications – C lessons broadens b hopefully. skills. b Hadn’t even opened my book. e Look for opportunities to empathise with them. 7 I think I Emma saying that 1 What stands out in my mind is … Learners are now her boyfriend’s a technician at City FM.51 Complete the expressions c 2. b Which expressions in 4a are used f Discuss the questions. you’re a technician. Use expressions from 4a to developed by experts speculate.137. Listen and them. Listen and check. A So when are you starting your new job? I was over the impression that 1 You’re staying with Emma at the you were starting next week. Unit Progress Test Student A: Go to p. B Well. spoken outcome. UNIT 5 3 LISTENING a 2. if my memory me B Oh. for recalling events? Which are used at Cambridge English 1 Why do you think writers sometimes suffer from writer’s block? for speculating? Are there any which Language Assessment. check. Then tell a partner. you can’t have too much of a good thing. right? Complete the sentences with your own ideas. That would be too soon. 1 What did Max think Sara’s job was? 2 Why does Max say he wouldn’t Support for learners have agreed to meet a journalist? Tasks are scaffolded 3 What two reasons does Sara to facilitate success. 2 Why do you think some famous writers avoid giving interviews? could be used for both? 5 SPEAKING Communication 5C Work in pairs. like e Recall your first day at school. How does Sara’s meeting with Max nearly end in disaster? b 2. 6 . you 4 What out in my mind need a holiday too. no.135.50 Watch or listen to Part 3. 63 13 . I think I remember she saying something along those lines. that guy from the radio interview.52 Read this conversation. would you 2 I think I remember … ready to do the Unit 3 If my memory serves me correctly. Why not? disaster! 5 I’d a guess that he hadn’t d Practise the conversation in 4c with a partner. I need a holiday first! correctly? A But. Unit Progress Test Emma’s boyfriend. … still have agreed to meet with me? Progress Test.50 Listen to Part 3 again and answer the questions. 2 and 3. even read my book. or your first day in a job. Spoken outcome moment. Student B: Go to p. I can’t remember the last time I had a break. can you? Presuming. Introduction Comprehensive approach to speaking skills A unique combination of language input. Find five mistakes and correct from Parts 1. Why don’t you come with me? most is that that interview was a total A Well. give for wanting to interview Max? c Why do you think Max considers doing another interview? 4 USEFUL LANGUAGE Recalling and speculating a 2. if my mind serves me correctly – you went to Spain last month for Each C lesson ends 2 I was the impression that a long weekend. pronunciation and speaking strategies offers a comprehensive approach to speaking skills. didn’t you? with a practical you were writing another book? B Who told you that?! I hazard a guess it was that sister of mine! 3 No you heard that from A Yeah. CHECK YOUR PROGRESS You can now do the Unit Progress Test. 8 you’d known. What differences are listening and there … ? media. SOCIAL MEDIA AND 1 Have you ever heard of anyone losing a job because of RECRUITMENT Receptive skills something they did on social media? What did they post? Do you think that dismissal is fair punishment for work. Do management live in our world or not? Things a bit slow at work today – spent all day online “doing research”. Answer the questions. some job applicants have reading skills while 1 in the experiences they have had voiced privacy concerns in relation to social media. a Read an essay about companies that research their consolidate the core 1 Do you use social media? If not. You see these comments topic? written by employees to their colleagues. then don’t post it. Demanding to see my social media is just a bit too Big Personal response Brother-ish for my liking. 14 . I don’t really see a problem with employers having a look Frequent at my social media postings. how often job applicants on social media. c Discuss the questions. make learning more 64 1h ago memorable. In addition. It’s essential that we project a positive image at all times – both in person and online. 1 LISTENING and SPEAKING 2 READING They also recycle and a Discuss the questions. Linking: addition and reinforcement The D lessons are It’s a way of making the application highly communicative process more efficient and cover all four skills. Tick (✓) the opinions you agree with and compare with a partner. Increasingly. Lesson D Integrated skills with a special focus on writing 5D Skills for Writing Learn to write an opinion essay Skills for writing W Essays. many of whom have grown up with social applications and social media. Having a lovely day at the beach! Our merger with Bookman & Associates looks imminent #superfirm #merger This year’s pay offer – a miserable 1% increase. with a special focus on writing. 2 What other types of posting on social media wouldn’t to land a top job. I think that people tend to forget that just about anything opportunities for you post online can be accessed in one way or another. practise and develop d 2. Recently. e Read the opinions from Mario. 2 Do you think it’s a good idea to post comments about work 2 What are the reasons some job applicants are worried or study on social media? Why / Why not? about this practice? 3 What position does the writer of the essay take on this b You are an employer.53 Listen to Mario and Laila talking about job 2 Young adults. What is more. How would you feel? What action (if any) would you take? b Do you agree with the writer’s opinion? Why / Why not? Couldn’t face it today – phoned in sick. why not? If so. however. language from the A. They also express concern that they may be judged on the behaviour of their friends and family. go ‘trawling’ for negative information about applicants rather than getting a balanced general impression. companies are examining employers approve of? applicants’ social media profiles for information to use in motivating tasks the selection process. Laila and their interviewers below. are usually comfortable about sharing their lives online. do you post comments about your work or study life? What kind of things do you say? 1 Why do companies feel it’s appropriate to use social media to find out about job applicants? B and C lessons. some fear that employers may discriminate against them on factors such as their medical history or age. personal response If you don’t want people to read it. an embarrassing photo on a person’s social development related postings? Why / Why not? media profile might make all the difference when trying Challenging. They 2 in their attitudes and opinions insist that their private life is private and is no business of stimulating ideas for any employer. 1 These days. they complain that companies writing at C1. Consider the points of view of both employers and employees and include your own opinion. I understand applicants’ concerns about their writing. Clear model texts are provided. balanced opinion of both for each side in paragraphs 2 and 3? arguments to present ideas and opinions for a second. b Make notes of the ideas from the discussion in 4a. 3 Employers argue that they are breaking no laws by 3 It is often argued that a time-efficient process is best for all researching their employees on social media – the involved. employers are able to fire an to help students 4 I believe it is unfair for employers to judge an applicant’s employee without giving any reason for dismissal. Do plan and improve suitability solely on the basis of their social media postings. Also in every unit: d Read another student’s essay. Linking: addition and b briefly summarise key points reinforcement c outline a possible course of action d introduce interesting new information a What is the function of each paragraph in the essay? Match these descriptions with the paragraph Which of the above are appropriate ways to conclude numbers 1–4. Regular Writing as well as being a valuable tool for employers. it can help to talk to other people and note down opinions. introduction to an essay? Why? g Underline the linkers in these sentences and add them to the table in 3f. Furthermore. 1 Beyond researching the applicant on social media. Introduction Comprehensive approach to writing skills Clear focus on key aspects of writing helps Clear models for writing develop effective real-world writing skills. you think this is fair? Discuss in small groups. UNIT 5 3 WRITING SKILLS c How does the writer conclude the essay? a state their balanced opinion Essays. Do you mention the same points? Is your opinion the same? • Review and 3h ago Extension page 65 • Grammar Focus • Vocabulary Focus • Writing Focus • Communication Plus 15 . c Write an essay on the fairness of employers dismissing employees without having to give a reason. Besides. Moreover. brainstorm ideas from two different points of view. Underline side of the argument more linking words and phrases in the essay that add to outline the topic of the essay and get the reader’s information or reinforce an argument by adding a interest supporting idea. on which students can base their own writing. Whilst I agree that online research is a two-way process. Which linker highlights the most a state their opinion on the topic important argument? to the Writing b refer to interesting facts and figures Adds an idea in a new Adds two ideas in the same Focus section for c make a surprising statement d clearly outline the issue to be discussed sentence sentence extra support and Which of the above are appropriate ways to begin an In addition as well as practice. a In some countries. Above all. information they are seeking is freely available. I think the time has come for guidelines and against it. Alternatively. In particular. an essay? Why? to present ideas and opinions for one side of the argument d How many supporting arguments does the writer give to state the writer’s final. or laws to restrict the research employers can do. When writing an essay on a controversial topic.172 Tips media provides information for the job applicant about the company they hope to work for. even when these are not your own. employers usually contact previous employers for references. social h Now go to Writing Focus 5D on p. the system clearly creates opportunities for employers Organise your notes into opinions in favour of this idea to discriminate. contrasting e Note the highlighted linker in paragraph 2. Besides actively seeking negative information. checks need to be made that their decisions Writing Tip are fair and transparent. Rich in practice b How does the writer create interest in the f Write the words you underlined in 3e in the correct Clear signposts introduction? column of the table. their research makes the application process more 4 WRITING every writing lesson efficient and allows them to filter out unsuitable applicants. time saved is money saved. 2 It is standard to conduct a search of criminal records in addition to the methods mentioned above. ‘trawling’. Your essay will be more interesting if you consider both sides of the issue and outline a range of opinions. employers Writing Tips in claim.