Issued by: DMRApproved by: COO COM-CT PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 SIGNATURE SHEET During change of staff, the handing over officer must show the cargo operations manual to the incoming officer. The taking over officer must go through the manuals as soon as possible after joining. He shall sign the page below, as acknowledgement of having read the manual. All officers will sign in master’s copy. NAME RANK SIGNATURE DATE Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX SECT. DESCRIPTION 1 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 1.3.6 1.3.7 1.3.8 1.3.9 1.3.10 1.3.11 1.3.12 1.3.13 1.3.14 1.3.15 1.3.16 1.3.17 1.3.18 1.3.19 1.3.20 1.3.21 1.3.22 1.3.23 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 1.4.5 2 2.1 Introduction Definition General Precautions Persons in charge Access to the ship Fire Fighting Equipment Pollution Prevention Ship’s readiness to move Safety Notices Smoking and Naked Lights Galley Stoves and Cooking Appliance Portable Electrical Equipment Helicopters Radar Scanners Communication Equipments Moorings Emergency Towing Wires (fire Wires) Ship / Shore Insulation and Bonding Cables Cold Weather Precautions Personal Protection Putrefaction Enclosed Space Entry Work within Cargo Area Emergency Response Checking of Ballast tanks and Void Spaces Gas Measurement Instruments Cargo Characteristics Hydrocarbons - OH Group (Hydroxy Group) Aldehydes and Ketones Nitro Compounds Miscellaneous CARGO INFORMATION 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.4.1 2.1.5 General Emergency Procedure Fire And Explosion Data Chemical Data Health Data Toxicity Physical Data REV. NO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 1 of 7 REV. DATE Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX SECT. 2.2 DESCRIPTION Chemical Hazards Response Information System (Chris)/ Hazardous Chemical Data Manual 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9.1 3.10 3.11 3.11.1 3.11.2 CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING AND LOADING Voyage Orders and cargo Quantities Cargo Stowage Planning Loading Plan Calculations Procedures For Reporting Cargo Non-Conformance Maximum Cargo Minimum Stores Density Of Water Ballasting / Deballasting Operation Heavy Weather Ballast Flow-Chart Segregation Reactivity With Other Cargoes Segregation From Other Tanks Loaded With Heated Cargoes 3.11.3 Segregation Of Cargoes Reactive With Water Loading Limitation Of Cargo Filling Limits For Cargo Thermal Expansion Filling Limits For Cargo Tank Design Specific Gravity Filling Limits For Sloshing Strength Of Cargo Tank Damage Stability Characteristic Stability And Stress Notice Concerning Stability Longitudinal Strength And Allowable Value Loading To Draft Slack Tanks Loading Computer Angle Of Heel Restriction Of Loading Edible Oils Handling of flammable/toxic cargoes CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS Preparations prior to Cargo Handling Cargo Operations Responsibilities Ship Checks prior Arrival. Ship / Shore Safety Checklist Ship checks after Arrival prior to Cargo Operations Knowledge and Familiarity With Cargo Systems Lining up of Cargo valves Maintenance of Cargo Equipments Safety Of Tools, Machinery And Materials 3.12 3.12.1 3.12.2 3.12.3 3.13 3.14 3.14.1 3.14.2 3.14.3 3.14.4 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 REV. NO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 2 of 7 Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX SECT. 4.2.4 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 4.4.6 4.4.7 4.4.8 4.4.9 4.4.10 4.4.11 4.4.12 4.4.13 4.4.14 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.10.1 4.10.2 4.10.3 4.10.4 4.11 4.12 4.12.1 4.12.2 4.12.3 4.12.4 4.12.5 4.12.6 DESCRIPTION Review Of New Chemicals Carried Onboard Liaison between Ship and Shore Exchange Of Cargo Information And Prior Arrangement Advice To Terminal From Vessel Before Start Loading /Discharging Advice To Vessel From Loading / Discharging Terminal Surveyor Agreed Cargo Handling Communication during Cargo Operations Joint Ship & Shore Liaison and checks prior Cargo Operations Loading Loading Methods Conditions Of Tanks Prior To Loading Inspection of Tanks Prior to Loading Cargo Stowage Plan On Receipt Of Shipping Orders Test Of Heating Coil Prior To Loading Loading Overall Splash Filling Regulations Loading Procedure Start Of Flow Control Of Flow Topping Off Procedure Sampling And Ullaging Final Ullage Vapour Dispersal Pressure Surge Line Flushing Completion Of Loading Checking Vessel Schedule After Loading Cargo Hoses Cargo Hose Connection Clearing of Shore Pipelines Clearing of Cargo Hoses Disconnection of Cargo Hoses Tank Over Pressurization and Under Pressurization Discharging Precaution Prior To Discharging Precautions Ullaging / Sampling Prior To Discharge Preparation Prior To Discharge Lining Up Of Cargo Valves Pumping Systems REV. NO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 3 of 7 Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX 4.12.6.1 SECT. 4.12.7 4.12.7.1 4.12.7.2 4.12.7.3 4.12.7.4 4.12.8 4.12.8.1 4.12.8.2 4.12.8.3 4.12.9 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 5 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.1.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.7 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.3.7 5.4 0 Speed of Discharge DESCRIPTION REV. NO Submerged Centrifugal Pumps Control and Operation of Centrifugal Pumps Discharge Valves Cavitation Discharging using more than One Pump Positive Displacement Pumps Reciprocating Pumps Screw Pumps Operation Commencement Of Discharge Trim And List Of Vessel Tank Inspection Outturn Cargo Residue Sweeping (Squeezing) of Cargo Tanks Leak Test Of Submerged Cargo Pump Portable Cargo Pump Inerting Emergency Shutdown Plan Butterfly and Non-return (check) valves Valve Operation Internal Transfer of Cargo TANK CLEANING General Tank Cleaning Principles Cleaning of Tanks after Flammable products. Type Of Cargoes Physical Properties Product Characteristics The Role Of Tank Cleaning Chemicals Cleaning Processes And Detergent For Use To Each Product Heat Coated Tanks Tank Cleaning System And Equipment Cleaning Machine Pumps Heaters Controls And Instruments Tank Cleaning Main Supply Lines Deck Opening Associated Equipment Preparation For Tank Cleaning 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 4 of 7 8 5.2.2 6.9.10 5.3 6.5.5 5.3 6.1 6.CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX 5.8.1 5.1.1.2.2.1. 0 0 Tank Cleaning Steps Planning DESCRIPTION REV.1.11 5.13.2 5.2.4 6.12 5. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 5 of 7 .2 5.3 5.2 6.7 5.2.1 6.1 6.9 5. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .13.5.4 6.13 5.2 6.5 6.3 5.9.4 5.1 5.4 5.2 CARGO CUSTODY Cargo Measuring Gauging And Alarm System Measurement Procedures Equipment Cargo Measuring Equipment – Checks And Records Safety Precautions Cargo Samples Sample Lockers Sampling Procedures Closed Sampling Stowage Of Cargo Samples Retention Period And Disposal Safety Precautions Cargo Heating Heated Cargoes Testing Heating Coils 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01.3 5.5.1 5.5 5.9. NO 5.1 SECT.6 5.1.5.1 6.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT.13.3.4 5.5 Pre-cleaning Final Cleaning Verification The Reasons For Tank Survey Failures Consumables For Cleaning Pre-wash + Control Of Effluent Discharge Example of Mandatory Pre-Wash Procedures Tank Cleaning After Dry-docking Inspection Of Cargo Tanks Curing Of Coating Pre-Cleaning Before Start Of Usual Tank Cleaning Cleaning Of Tank Recoated With Zinc Coating Cleaning Of Tank Recoated With Epoxy Coating Heating Coil Test Of Heating Coils Cargo Record Book Oil Record Book Tank Materials And Coatings General Mechanical Damage Stainless Steel Coated Tanks Inspection And Maintenance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 6.13.2 5.3 6.10.9.9.6 6.3.2.13.5 6.1 5. 13.14.17.1 7.2 Overheating Under-heating Loading Discharge Compatibility Of Cargo With Heating Media Cold Climate Conditions Temperature Limit Segregation Of Heated Cargoes Blanking Of Heating Coils Heating Of “Water Soluble Product” Heating coils serving Tanks carrying Poisonous Cargo Calibration Of Temperature Measuring Instruments Precautions When Using Hand Thermometers Cargo Quality Control Inerting Stabilisation / Inhibition Static Electricity Oils and Fats Measures To Prevent Contamination General Water Contamination 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 7. 7.2.17.4 7.13.9 6.5 6.3.5 7.11 6.2.8 7.2 6.3 7.1 7. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 6 of 7 .CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX 6.1.3 6.1. NO 6.3 7.1 7.2.1 6.10 6.2.7 6.4 6.6 SECT.4 6.2.6 6.2 6.2 OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION General Charter Parties Time Charter Voyage Charter Freight Earnings Charterers Charter Party Forms Deviations Notice of Readiness Laytime Dead Freight Ships Performance During Charter Bill of lading Transhipment/Lightening Load Port Documents Discharge Port Documents 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01.9 7.14.1 6.13.12 6.14 6.10 7.13.2 7.16 6.2.2. Heating Instructions Pre-Loading Checks Bunkers Responsibility For Heated Cargoes DESCRIPTION 0 0 0 0 REV.2 7.8 6.3 6. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .3.2.7 7.13.1 6.6 7.13 6.2.5 6.2.17 6.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT.15 6.2.3.2.13. 5 8.7.7.3.2 8.4 7.1 8.7.1 8.2 B 8.6.6.2 8.3 8.7.6 8.5 Documentation Chemical Cargo Claims 8 CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES SECT.5 8.4.7 8.CHEMICAL TANKERS INDEX 7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT.2 8.7.7.2 8.4. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/12 Page 7 of 7 .1 8.4 8.6 8. NO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 August 01.4 8.3 8. DESCRIPTION A. 8.1 8.3.Sulphuric and Phosphoric acid Sulphuric acid Phosphoric acid SOLIDIFYING AND HIGH VISCOSITY CARGOES General information General precautions Checks before loading Checks after loading Checks during voyage Checks before unloading Checks immediately before unloading Conclusion 9 A/01 ANNEX Ship To Ship Transfer Procedure A/02 Hydrostatic Pressure Test Of Cargo Pipe Line And Cargo Hose FOSFA and EU Information A/03 A/04 A/05 A/06 A/07 A/08 Tank Cleaning Guide Corrosion in Chemical tankers & Care of Stainless Steel Tanks Responsibilities of Ship Staff During Port Operations List of Draeger Detection Tubes Wall Wash Test 0 0 REV.1 8. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .7 CORROSIVE CARGOES Precautions for cargo work Jettison Cargo loading Precautions Loading operation Cargo discharging Preparation Discharging operation Cargo tank cleaning Handling & precautions.7. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 1 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . PAGE NO REMARKS REV. VEKTOR MARITIM August 01.CHEMICAL TANKERS REVISION INDEX SECT.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT PT. NO DATE . The following shipboard plans and manuals shall also be referred to while carrying out cargo related operations: 1. Verwey’s tank cleaning Guide.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. . injury.Chemical Data Guide for Bulk Shipment by Water. Operation manual / Loading manual. IMDG code with Supplements In addition Company’s Quality Management Manuals are to be referred to.CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS SECTION 1 : 1. (If applicable) Trim and stability booklet. This manual shall be reviewed and up-dated periodically or occasionally and the amended parts shall be distributed to the vessels. Tank coating manual. USCG . operating temperatures. 4. Procedures and arrangement manual. Manual for tank cleaning hose – compatibility for various cargoes. 3. MARPOL 73/78. "IMO Code for the construction and equipment of ship carrying dangerous chemical in bulk (IBC or BCH Code)". All masters and officers joining the vessels are required to read this manual and the relevant publications. 5. 6. cargo loss or process loss. 2.1 August 01. pressure etc. Damage stability booklet. 4. ICS Tanker Safety Guide (Chemical). Charterer’s tank cleaning guide and procedures. 7. Dr. pollution. 6. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 7. This manual is designed to be used together with following publications: 1. International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals. 3. 5. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 10 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS INTRODUCTION The objective of this manual is to give guidance and procedures for safe cargo operation and proper custody of cargoes. 2. All the masters and officers of the vessels under the management of Ishima Ship Management are required to satisfy or follow the contents of the manual to achieve Quality Service by preventing any accident. During all cargo.CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 1. tank cleaning and gas freeing operations. ballasting. d. e. 1. discharging. Prior to any cargo operations. f.2. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Personal protective gear depending upon the hazards of the cargo to be deployed at the manifold. Contaminated water should be transferred to a slop tank or a suitable receptacle.2. d.2 must placed near manifold c. Butterworth pockets should be securely closed.2 August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 10 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS 1. with any cargo spillages being drained at the earliest opportunity. Fire plan to be placed at gangway. Refer to IBC Ch 15 for special requirements of cargoes. The fixed foam should be “Alcohol Resistant” g. Manifold Savealls under each manifold connection are to be kept dry.2 Life Saving and Fire Fighting Equipment The following equipment is to be made ready: a. At least one set of safety equipment as required by IBC Ch 14. c. All cargo and bunker pipelines not in use should be securely blanked and fully bolted at the manifold and at the pump stack (For Deep Well pumps). Foam / Dry powder extinguisher (or equivalent) placed near the Manifold. fire pump to be in a standby condition. Accumulation of rainwater should be drained periodically and scupper plugs replaced immediately. b. All deck scuppers and any open drains onto jetty must be effectively plugged to prevent spilled cargo escaping into water. Fire main to be pressurized or if not practical. Spill collection / mitigation gear as required by the SMPEP must be available for use at all times and relevant gear to be deployed at manifolds and main deck aft. All cargo tank openings such as Tank domes. b. At least two fire hoses. . or a Chief officer must be onboard to supervise loading.1 Persons in Charge The Master.3 Pollution Prevention a. bunkering.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. transferring. with current crew list and stowage plan. Scupper plugs must not be left open unattended for drainage of rainwater.2. e. 1. one aft and one forward of manifold to be run out and connected.2. Spill containment pumps (adequately grounded) to be placed at aft main deck ready for immediate use. the Master must ensure that the precautions required by all the relevant statutory Regulations and Company requirements on Safety and operational procedures are observed. Fire / Foam Monitors ready for use. the following safety precautions are to be taken. tank cleaning and ballasting operations. 1. All doors and window ports opening onto the tank deck must be securely closed. . When handling multiple grades. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 10 1. 2. c.2. Smoking and naked lights are prohibited. Repairs or other work which may immobilise the ship should not be undertaken at berth without prior agreement with the terminal and Office. b. additional notices in appropriate languages should be prominently displayed stating: WARNING HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS 3. alongside a berth or at anchorage. e.4 Ship’s readiness to Move At all times during cargo operations. Caution must be exercised when granting permission if the stern loading / discharging manifold is to be used.2. in appropriate languages: WARNING: a.5 Safety Notices 1. Unauthorised persons are not allowed to board. steering machinery. when Chemicals being handled present a health hazard. Lighters and matches are prohibited to be carried on board. whilst the tanker is in port. The vessel is to display warning notices at the gangway and cargo manifold stating. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01.2. the Chief Officer and terminal representative must inspect such places and jointly agree no danger exists. the name of various grades to be posted on the relevant Manifold. mooring equipment and other equipment essential for manoeuvring should be kept in a condition that will permit such movement at short notice. the ship should be ready for departure at short notice in the event of an emergency.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. 1. The ship’s boilers. Visitors are required to show identification. In addition. Mobile phones and other electronic equipment must be switched off. d.6 Galley Stoves and Cooking Appliances Prior to permitting the use of galley stoves and other cooking equipment while the tanker is at berth. main engines. If necessary. Low energy transmissions of one watt or less.9 Communication Equipments The use of medium or high frequency radio transmissions.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. at sea or in port is prohibited. such as VHF / UHF radios are not considered hazardous. Only approved self contained torches. When alongside a terminal or port area where hydrocarbon gases may be present.7 Portable Electrical Equipment Only portable electrical equipment of an approved type for use in a hazardous zone should be allowed on any open deck or enclosed space.5 watts. Refer to Guide to Helicopter/Ship Operations (ICS) for further guidance. Helicopter operations must not be permitted over cargo tank deck unless all other operations have been suspended and all cargo tank openings closed. The AIS operates on a VHF frequency and transmits and receives information automatically.2. If the AIS is switched off or isolated whilst alongside. 1. by port authority equipment or another ship) could cause equipment to transmit at the higher (12. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 10 1. Isolating the aerial preserves manually input data that may be lost if the AIS was switched off. either the AIS should either be switched off or the aerial isolated and the AIS given a dummy load. the AIS should be switched to low power. 1. and if the unit has the facility. tape players or any other electrical instrument on the open deck.8 Helicopters Helicopter operations are not routine on chemical tankers. The use of radios.2. which emit significant energy during transmissions and which can create a danger of incendive sparking by inducing an electrical potential in unearthed steel work should be prohibited in port.1 Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) AIS is required to be operating while a ship is underway and while at anchor. even when it is set to low power (2 watts). and the output power ranges between 2 watts and 12. Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the use of mobile telephones and radio pagers in the cargo area. When alongside terminal or port areas where no hydrocarbon gases are likely to be present.g. but in some ports Pilots may embark / disembark especially during bad weather. the port authority should be informed.9.2. it must be reactivated upon leaving . 1.5 watt) level. Automatic polling by another station (e. Some port authorities may request that the AIS is kept on when a ship is alongside. and lamps are to be used onboard. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Communications equipment for use during cargo operations is to be certified intrinsically safe.2.CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01. positioned at fore and aft on the offshore side of the vessel. They should be in good condition. some may not be obvious.6 of ICS tanker safety guide. 1. Such tanks must be thoroughly ventilated and atmosphere tested prior tank entry. There are various methods currently in use for rigging emergency towing-off wires. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 10 the berth. ready for immediate use without adjustment. Care should be taken to ensure that the vessel is securely moored to avoid any undue strain on the shore hoses / loading arms or connections between ship and barge. Strict attention must be paid to moorings when there is a considerable rise and fall of tide. All vapours produced by cargoes liable to putrefaction may not be due to it. 1. 1.10 Moorings The consequences of a Chemical tanker ranging along a jetty or breaking away from berth during cargo transfer involving multiple different chemicals could be disastrous. A terminal which requires a particular method to be used should advise the ship accordingly. which is colourless and odourless can be produced when an animal / vegetable oil is overheated. Carbon Monoxide (CO) (TLV: 50 ppm).2. Mooring requirements and arrangements are usually determined by the location and layout of the terminal. sufficient personnel are available for mooring adjustments. Moorings should be regularly checked and tended to ensure that they remain effective. Refer to company guidelines & section 3. depending on the security level within the port. during cargo operations.2. and the arrangement may vary from port to port. The master should ensure that. to be provided by vessel.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT.2. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The CO content in the tank should be measured positively prior entry and if presence of CO is detected the tank should be ventilated adequately and ventilation to be continued during squeezing . supplemented by active advice from the pilot. a natural process called putrefaction (going off) that generates obnoxious and toxic vapours and depletes the oxygen in the tank.12 Putrefaction Most animal and vegetable oils undergo decomposition over time. The deck crew should be aware of the cause and effect of vessel surging and should take preventive actions well in advance.11 Emergency towing wires (Fire Wires) Fire wires. and properly secured to bitts such that full towing loads can be applied. the use of AIS may be determined by the port authority. In such circumstances.CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01. Chemicals. Refer to OCIMF Mooring equipment Guidelines for guidance. of adequate strength. The use of AIS equipment may affect the security of the ship or the terminal at which it is berthed. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .1 Hydrocarbons are only composed of C and H low molecular weight burn in air.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. Alkenes and Alkynes are combustible low molecular weight substances are highly flammable and pose significant vapour cloud Alkanes or Paraffins single covalents bonds joining carbon chains.2.13 Work within Cargo Area When working within cargo area. and instructional posters should be prominently displayed throughout the vessel. They have to use or wear safety equipment and protective clothing against the likely hazards without fail.CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01. saturated with H molecular formula Cn H2n+2. crew is liable to be exposed to various hazards of cargo. liberates large amount of heat and light & therefore inestimable value as fuel are insoluble in water are not toxic. nomenclature: ending in-ane . 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 10 1. Aliphatic Hydrocarbons do not contain benzene rings Alkanes.3. 1. for which they have to be trained and be familiarized to use them. It is essential to have adequate first aid equipment ready to use. The "Medical First Aid Guide for Use in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods" (MFAG) published by IMO should be readily available on board. except aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene. 1. The equipment and clothing must be cleaned and the underwear and socks must be laundered after every use.14 Emergency Response Apparatus or equipment to rescue crew in casualty should be readily available nearby the working area. This would include resuscitation equipment and antidote kit.2.3 CARGO CHARACTERISTICS 1. All crewmembers should be familiar with artificial respiration and oxygen inhalator techniques. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 10 Alkanes are used to generate Alkyl groups, CH4 methane CH3 methyl group C2H6 ethane C2H5 ethyl group C3H8 propane C3H7 propyl group C4H10 butane C4H9 butyl group from C5: Greek numerals: penta, hexa, hepta, cota, nona, deca. Alkenes or Olefins contain one or more C = C groups molecular formula Cn H2n, four hydrogen atoms less, unsaturated nomenclature: ending in-ene can easily be oxidized isoprene can polymerise Alkynes contain one or more C = C molecular formula Cn H2n-2, two hydrogen atoms less, unsaturated nomenclature: ending in-yne simplest alkyne HC = CH Acetylene Cyclic “saturated” hydrocarbons chain of carbon atoms forming a ring and hydrogen atoms bonded to them two hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon atom saturated carbon rings cyclohexane Aromatic Hydrcarbons have sweet aroma and hence the name Aromatics carbon rings with 6 C-atoms and 3 x C = C contain one or more benzene rings most important unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons benzene, toluene, xylenes and benzene homologues Unsaturated aromatics olefins chain to benzene molecule can polymerise styrene, vinyl toluene, a-methyl styrene 1.3.2 OH Group (Hydroxy Group) Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 10 Alcohols characterizing structure –OH attached to carbon atoms Naming: identifying and naming the Alkyl group and following up with alcohol very reactive because of chemically reactive – OH group low carbon alcohols are water-soluble four carbon alcohols and higher have much lower water solubility except allyl alcohol, not toxic unusually high boiling points classified as primary, secondary and tertiary based on their structures Primary: one alkyl group on carbon, Secondary: two alkyl groups on carbon another class: Phenol, where the –OH group is attached to an aromatic ring Ethers chief functional group is O-R group ( alkoxy group) two alkyl groups bonded to an a central oxygen atom R – O - R Naming: identifying and naming the Alkyl group and following up with ether autoxidation, formation of acetylides Low molecular weight ethers are water soluble Glycols and glycol ethers alcohols containing two hydroxyl groups (diols) ethylene glycols, propylene glycols, glycerol, polyethylene glycol etc readily water-soluble high viscosity and high boiling points hardly inflammable, slightly explosive by low vapour pressure 1.3.3 Aldehydes and Ketones: carbonyl functional group Aldehydes acyl group, characterizing structure R-C = O; with a hydrogen bonded to carbonyl nomenclature: ending in - al like alcohols low molecular wt (upto 4 carbons) water-soluble; known sensitizers, chemically induced allergic reactions easily oxidable (undergo auto oxidation, toxic and flammable unsaturated aldehydes (as acrolein) can polymerise Ketones acyl group, characterizing structure R - C = O, another alkyl group connected to carbonyl carbon Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 9 of 10 nomenclature: ending in - one like alcohols low molecular wt (upto 4 carbons) water-soluble low molecular wt, highly flammable highly volatile, narcotic & anesthetic effects reactive with many acids, alkalies and aldehydes (violently) 1.3.4 Nitro-compounds characterizing group - NO2 insoluble in water can detonate by autoxidation low flammability many compounds are extremely toxic Amines characterizing group - NH2 Naming: identifying and naming the Alkyl group and following up with ether water-soluble, basic in nature generally, toxic Amides characterizing structure – C – N water-soluble great dissolving power neutral in nature Nitriles characterizing group – C = N decompose by water toluene di-isocyanate 1.3.5 Miscellaneous Pb-compounds very toxic Esters Compounds formed by the reaction between acids and alcohols All natural fats, oils, and most waxes are mixtures of esters (except mineral oils) Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 1 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PRECAUTIONS many esters have a fruity odor Nomenclature: suffix – oate water breaks esters into acids and alcohols Natural products molasses, wine, etc water-soluble no explosion hazards August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 10 of 10 Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION SECTION 2 : 2.1 August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 1 of 9 CARGO INFORMATION GENERAL The correct product name of the cargo to be loaded should be available and, if the data sheet kept on board does not adequately cover the cargo, sufficient additional information required for its safe and efficient carriage should be obtained from the shipper and other parties concerned. Following information must be available on board for each particular cargo prior to loading: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. A Full description of the physical and chemical properties, including reactivity, necessary for the safe containment of the cargo. Compatibility with other materials. Action to be taken in the event of spills or leaks Countermeasures against accidental personal contact. Fire fighting procedures and fire extinguishing media. Whether chemical is stabilized/inhibited including limitations of the inhibitor. Procedure for cargo transfer, tank cleaning, gas freeing and ballasting. Master and all those concerned should use the data sheet and/or any other relevant information to acquaint themselves with all characteristics of each cargo to be loaded. Loading should not commence before the master is satisfied that the necessary information for safe handling of the cargo is available to the personnel involved. Chemical data Guide for Bulk Shipment by Water as required by CFR (USCG) is available on board all company vessels for guidance. The following notes are intended to give guidance to Master and all those concerned on the use of the cargo data sheet to achieve safety. 2.1.1 Emergency Procedure The emergency procedure given on the data sheet is self-explanatory. All crew should be given basic training in emergency procedure such as the use of breathing apparatus and protective clothing and the application of first-aid. Any incident, accidental or deliberate and whether at sea or in port, that causes or will probably cause a release of Oil / Noxious liquid substances into the sea should be reported to proper authorities. Refer to Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan (SMPEP) or Vessel Response Plan (VRP for USA) and Company's contingency planning as per SQE Manuals, for advice. These plans give detailed requirements for notification and response. 2.1.2 Fire and Explosion Data . for instance. As the temperature increases so does the vapour pressure and vapour concentration above the liquid. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . For each liquid there is a temperature at which the vapour concentration reaches the LEL. Chemical Reactivity Chemical reaction may produce heat which in turn may accelerate the reaction. At any given temperature every liquid exerts a pressure called the Vapour Pressure.3 Chemical Data 1. the lower the temperature at which the LEL is reached.1. Vapour concentration of a cargo varies depending on the vapour pressure and temperature of the cargo.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. others only at higher temperatures or when heated.those with a flash point above 60oC . Concentrations below LEL (too-lean) or above UEL (too-rich) are incapable of burning. A mixture of vapour and air cannot be ignited unless the proportion of vapour and air lies between two concentrations known as the Lower Flammable (Explosive) Limit (LFL or LEL) and the Upper Flammable (Explosive) Limit (UFL or UEL). during routine measuring or on venting the mixture to atmosphere or during gasfreeing with air.those with a flash point below 60oC . may cause the release of a large volume of vapour and/or pressure rise. the flammability characteristics of cargoes are divided into three broad categories according to the flash point:Flammable cargoes Combustible cargoes Non-Combustible cargoes . If air is mixed with sufficient inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. 2. Suppression of combustion by this means is known as Inerting and is a measure. Some cargoes form flammable mixtures at ambient temperatures. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 2 of 9 Vapour given off by a flammable liquid will burn when ignited provided it is mixed with certain proportions of air (Oxygen in air). The flash point of a liquid is the lowest temperature at which the liquid gives off sufficient vapour of the concentration in air equivalent to the LFL. or may cause the formation of flammable and/or harmful vapours that otherwise would not be expected. and another higher temperature at which the concentration exceeds UEL.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01. The limits vary depending on a cargo (see data sheets). It is important to remember that an inerted mixture may become flammable again if air is admitted.those which have no flash point and do not burn The above description of flammability considers cargo vapour mixed with air. its oxygen content will no longer be capable of supporting the combustion of flammable vapour. For the purposes of the safe handling procedures dealt with in this manual. but it is important to remember that concentrations above LEL may burn or explode when it is diluted by air to a concentration within the flammable range. The more readily the liquid vapourizes. which is adopted for preventing ignition of vapours within enclosed spaces such as cargo tanks. Products that are susceptible to polymerisation are therefore transported added with Inhibitors to prevent the onset of the reaction.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. Corrosive Liquids . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 3 of 9 In principle the dangers arising from chemical reaction are those of increased fire and health hazards. Such cargoes are usually either inhibited by an anti-oxidant or carried under inert conditions. Reaction with other materials The materials used in construction of the cargo systems must be compatible with the cargo to be carried. exothermic reaction evolving large amounts of heat and gases. c. but the reaction produces chemicals. Self Reaction The most common form of self reaction is polymerisation. It may be a slow. natural process causing degradation of the product only without posing any safety hazards to the ship. Other cargoes react with water in a way that poses no safety hazard. Reaction with other Cargoes Some cargoes react dangerously with one another and therefore needs to be stowed away each other and prevented from mixing by using separate loading. with other chemicals or with other materials. which can cause damage to the equipment or tank materials. with water. Toxic gases may be evolved. if allowed to build up. Reaction with water Certain cargoes react with water in a way that could pose a danger to the ship and its personnel. Polymerisation generally results in conversion of gases or liquids into viscous liquids or solids. with air. or it may be a rapid. Reaction with air Certain chemicals react with air (Oxygen in air or Chemical) to form unstable compounds (Peroxides) which. d. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Such a reaction is called Run-Off polymerisation and it poses a serious danger to both the ship and its personal. discharging and venting systems. a.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01. 2. Usually carried under Dry and Inert conditions. Eg: Ethers and Aldehydes. or even cause oxygen depletion. b. e. Heat thus produced causes acceleration of the reaction. with itself. Eg: Isocynates. could cause an explosion. and care must be taken to ensure that no incompatible materials are used or introduced during maintenance. A chemical will react in a number of ways. hydrogen may be produced which forms a flammable mixture with air. Some substances become corrosive only in the presence of water. and create a safety hazard for the ship. They can also corrode normal ship construction materials. Cargoes may be harmful if the liquid comes in contact with the skin. no skin absorption hazard exists even if the liquid is a poison. Less corrosive liquids may only be irritating to the skin. Corrosive liquids in general have three characteristics which require special consideration. The most dangerous corrosives cause severe burns within a very short time.1. . sawdust. etc. accompanied by severe pain. Some corrosive liquids are in themselves combustible. if their vapours are inhaled or if the liquid is swallowed. Absorption of a cargo through the skin depends on the solvent nature of cargo. Contact with fibrous materials such as cloth. Fire When metals corrode. or produce corrosive vapour when in contact with moist air. This is usually (not always). corrosive liquids corrode normal construction materials at an excessive rate and need special materials for the cargo tanks and handling system to ensure safe containment. 2. If the cargo cannot pass readily through the skin. Corrosivity Generally. 3.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01. The seriousness of the effect depends on both the physical properties of the cargo and on its toxicity or irritant nature. They can rapidly destroy human tissues and cause irreparable damage. Health Corrosive liquids destroy human tissue causing serious damage which may be permanent. but can result in serious damage to the eyes or mucous membrane. 2. Prevention of exposure is the most certain protection against the adverse effects of corrosives. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . may in some cases cause ignition of the material.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. anhydrides and alkalis are among the most commonly carried corrosive substances. or during carriage at sea.4 Health Data The health data describes the potential danger to personnel from exposure to toxic liquid / vapours while cargo is being handled. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 4 of 9 Acids. 1. CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01.1. Carcinogens and mutagens (which affect reproduction) are common examples. A substance has acute toxicity if a single exposure is sufficient to cause harm almost immediately. 2. to cause damage to the living tissue. sub-acute and chronic. 3.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. Threshold Limit Value (TLV): A threshold limit value for a given substance is the maximum concentration of its vapour in air to which it is believed that personnel may be exposed under certain circumstances without suffering adverse effects. A substance with sub-acute toxicity displays its effects after a person has repeated exposures to doses too small to cause an acute effect. A substance has chronic toxicity if its effects appear after a period of continuous exposure to doses too low to cause any acute effect. Toxicity can be acute. In some cases the toxic effect of a chemical can be countered by administering antidotes. the more toxic the substance is. A cargo. which is not volatile at normal handling temperatures. impairment of the central nervous system. Substances commonly called poisons have extreme acute toxicity. severe illness or. 2. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 5 of 9 The inhalation hazard of a cargo depends primarily on its volatility. eyes and mucous membranes. may not produce sufficient vapour to be dangerous. in extreme cases death. even if the cargo is inherently poisonous. breathing apparatus and ventilation procedures. ingested (swallowed). or absorbed through the skin.4. when inhaled (inhalation as a mist or vapour). but in most cases the hazard must be avoided by correct use of protective clothing.1 Toxicity Toxicity is the ability of a substance. The smaller the quantity (or dose) of the substance required to harm health. The amounts of exposure required to produce these results vary widely with the nature of substances and the duration of exposure to it. The three categories of TLV’s as defined by American council of Government Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) are: . 1. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Vapour Pressure and Boiling Point At any given temperature liquid exerts a pressure called Vapour Pressure. TLV – STEL (Short term exposure limit): the maximum concentration of vapour in air allowable for a period of 15 minutes.8 Deg C should not be loaded into a tank that is not specially designed. . Specific gravity Specific gravity also called relative density is a ratio of density of a substance to density of water. 3. The tanks and vent systems are designed to withstand this pressure. 2. TLV – TWA (Time Weighted Average): the concentration of vapour in air which may be experienced for an eight hour day or 40 hour week throughout a person’s working life. atmospheric dust or icing in adverse weather conditions. Cargoes that exceed the normal atmospheric pressure at 37. plus the hydrostatic pressure of the cargo. Effect of slack and/or empty tanks on structural stresses on Vessel. Effect of slack tanks on sloshing. Cargo tanks on a chemical tanker are designed to carry cargoes of high specific gravity and sometimes the design strength even differs between tanks on the same ship. When a liquid is put in a closed container. Master should ascertain this pressure and ensure that the weight and vapour pressure of cargo does not exceed the design pressure. b. TLV – C (Ceiling): an absolute maximum. 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. Vent line systems must be checked for correct operation at regular intervals. which should never be exceeded. a. c. polymer build-up. provided that not more than four exposures per day and at least one hour between each. Flame screens are also susceptible to blockage which can result in similar problems. Effect of free surface and reduced stability.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .5 Physical Data 1. It is only given for fast acting substances. 2. as structural damage can easily occur due to malfunction or blocakge due to freezing of cargo vapour. The information regarding tank strength / design specific gravity may be found on the Loading and Operation Manual.1. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 6 of 9 1. The liquid will boil when its vapour pressure equals the external atmospheric pressure. To safeguard the structure. cargo tanks should not be subjected to a greater hydrostatic pressure than that they are designed. This is the highest of three values. it will boil when the vapour pressure is equal to the external vapour pressure plus the pressure setting of the P / V (Pressure / Vacuum) valve. vegetable and animal oils. such as lubricating oil additives. When carrying cargoes that freeze at ambient temperatures. but a freezing or melting range. Some cargoes may also have to be heated to reduce the viscosity to facilitate pumping or to meet unloading requirements specified in Annexe II of Marpol 73/78. However. When carrying heated cargo. which have the vapour pressure of less than 1.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01. polyols do not have defined freezing points. The design of the cargo tank and equipment has temperature limitations and care must be taken that these temperature limitations are not exceeded.033 kg/cm3 absolute at 37. Cargoes with freezing point higher than ambient temperatures where the vessel is trading must be heated to keep them in liquid state.8oC. Note: Company’s Chemical Tanker vessels will not carry liquefied Gases. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . We carry chemicals. Excessive heat may reduce strength of the steel and may increase the risk of cracks or damage to the coating.7 psi = 1 kg/cm 3 = 1 standard atmosphere). the vent lines and P/V valves must be regularly checked to ensure that vapours do not freeze or crystallize in the lines or valves and block them. . viscosity is used as a measurement of the product’s liquidity or handling characteristics. 4. and the term pour point is used instead. usually in units of millimeters of mercury column (mmHg). Freezing Point Freezing Point is same as Melting Point and most liquids have defined freezing points. expansion of the liquid over any expected increase in temperature during the voyage should be considered in determining the ullage to which a tank should be filled during loading. some products. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 7 of 9 In the data sheet the vapour pressure is given as absolute pressure at the stated temperature. For such cargoes. particularly if cargoes are selfreactive or have a high vapour pressure. that is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid equals the standard external pressure of 760 mmHg (760 mmHg = 14. 3.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. Unless otherwise stated (usually for liquefied gases) the boiling point is the normal boiling point. special consideration should be given to possible effects of heat transfer to unheated cargoes in adjacent tanks. Coefficient of Cubical Expansion As a safeguard against possible overflow or over-pressure. Vapours will therefore accumulate and may be trapped in lower areas on deck and lower parts of cargo pump rooms. When the specific gravity is high. which is highly or completely soluble in water. special attention should be given to the bottom of the spaces where the vapour is most likely to accumulate. A cargo with low solubility will form a separate layer above or below a water layer depending on the specific gravity. Vapour Density The vapour density is expressed relative to air and is a main factor controlling the dispersion of cargo vapour released to the air during cargo operations. Solubility A cargo. Such vapours should always be vented at the highest possible level to give the greatest chance of them being diluted to harmless concentrations before reaching working areas. Conversely. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . in pumproom bilges) which may result in hazardous vapours being released when the layers are disturbed. 5. which may react with metals to form hydrogen. when the vapour is lighter than air special attention should be given to the upper part of enclosed spaces. These cargoes may accumulate significant charges and thus pose a risk. Their design capacity is based on vapour flow only. The hazard arising from reactions between water and some cargoes is referred to paragraph 15. 8.g. Electrostatic Generation Static accumulator cargoes are those which have electrical conductivity less than 10 picosiemens per metre. structural damage may result if vent systems become full of cargo liquid due to thermal expansion. Miscibility The ability of a liquid or gas to dissolve uniformly in another liquid or gas. alcohol and water) but others are only partly miscible (e.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT.16. 6. Sulphuric acid.g.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01. Similar chemicals mix in all proportions (e. Many gases are miscible with liquids. is likely to destroy normal firefighting foam. Charge accumulation does not occur in liquids having conductivity well above 10 picosiemens per metre.g. [Ex. a light gas which forms flammable mixtures in air. TDI (Toluene diisocyanate) ] 7. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 8 of 9 Vent line systems must be checked at regular intervals.2 of IBC Code. Most of cargo vapours are heavier than air and when released into the atmosphere will tend to fall. a layer of cargo should always be suspected beneath water (e. Attention is drawn to those cargoes. Gases mix in all proportion but the miscibility of liquids depends upon their chemical properties. especially in still conditions. benzene and water). . When empty enclosed spaces are being checked for vapour. except for certain cargoes (such as few Luboil additives) which show increased viscosity when heated.5 of ICS Tanker Safety Guide Chemicals. Viscosity The viscosity of a cargo determines how easy it is to pump. for initial and final loading rates to negate hazardous potentials in respect of Static electricity. a substance will become less viscous at higher temperatures. . in general. Viscosity is related to temperature and.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 2 PT. 9. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 9 of 9 Refer to Company guidelines alongwith Section 5. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . and the amount of residue that will be left after unloading.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO INFORMATION August 01.3. b. It is the shipper’s responsibility to provide necessary information for the safe handling of the cargo and the Master shall defer loading the cargo until such information necessary is made available to the personnel involved. In case stowage proposal sent by operator. 3.1 August 01.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING SECTION 3 : 3. 4. . 1. request more information from the Operator / Company. Voyage and Cargo instructions will be issued by the Operator and must be acknowledged on the day of receipt. 3. If the cargo is unfamiliar or information available is inadequate. The loading orders may be accompanied with a proposed stowage. 2. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . the flow chart in section 3. It may happen that vessel learns from terminal after arrival at berth that the cargo quantity to be loaded is in excess or short of the nominated quantity.2 CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING Regardless of what orders are received. 3. Such matters should be referred to the Operator for instructions / guidance keeping the company advised. The vessel should draw a stowage plan on the basis of the contract quantity. this plan must be thoroughly checked and proposed changes (if any) must be communicated to the operator soonest. While making the stowage plan in addition to crosschecking with the Certificate of Fitness.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 16 CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING VOYAGE ORDERS AND CARGO QUANTITIES 1. safe stowage of cargo is the Master’s responsibility and it is essential that the Master and Chief Officer fully discuss the proposed cargo stowage prior to loading. If there is any disagreement with the instructions. a Cargo Handling Plan is to be devised and the plan is to be discussed and agreed with the Terminal Representative before loading commences. In planning the stowage of cargo. coating compatibility also must be checked by chief officer and master in order to prevent any damage to coating in case of any incompatibility. When the Cargo Stowage Plan has been established.10 below to be followed. the Operator and the company are to be advised. Vessel’s Loading Manual (Include Trim & Stability Booklet) and Damage Stability Booklet must be referred to and well understood prior stowage planning. 2. Loading In Coated Tanks a. The loading plan is prepared for a smooth. fresh water and consumable stores on board. Displays in the CCR should be large and clear taking full advantage of black and white boards. An Ullage-Interface-Temperature (UTI) gauge is normally used for the final cargo calculations. The method of connecting jumper hoses. Before entering a port the Chief officer should prepare a loading plan for each berth and discuss with the Master and the Chief engineer. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .3 August 01. safe. Gauge height. secure and efficient cargo operation.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. 3. and displayed clearly in the CCR. The calculations must allow for the weight of bunkers.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING 3. in particular.4 Calculations When the specific gravity / density of cargo. and advise the Chief officer who is responsible for making a loading plan of such information. he should explain it to all members of the deck department including the second and third mates and highlight the key points of the plan. the vessel should calculate the final ullage of each tank and display them in the cargo control room. He should also post such a stowage plan in a conspicuous place in the cargo control room and to be discussed with crew. loading quantities and temperatures while loading has been ascertained. Trim and List Corrections should be applied for as applicable. After entering into port and attending the conference with relevant parties and if the loading plan needs amendment or alteration the changes should be conveyed to the pertinent crewmembers in the same procedure as mentioned above. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 16 Loading plan In order to prepare a loading plan and determine a berth rotation the Master of the vessel should keep close contact with the Operators. At the time of sailing and the daily consumption of these must be considered so that . After obtaining Master’s approval. Operator's representative of the port. Company and agents. particular care should be exercised in order to attract due attention by writing such matters with large letters in red ink. Regarding items which require special attention in conducting operations. Enquire and check questions regarding any doubdts without hesitation. should be indicated by using illustrations and for instructing opening/closing of valves. valve identification numbers corresponding to those shown in the cargo diagram should be used. Cargo transfer quantities are always based upon measurement at shore-tank or by Shore meter unless specifically stated in the contract. 3. If no guidance in the matter of protests is given in the voyage orders. the Charterers. The claim should show the full details of calculation. When the difference is greater than 0. the Master should issue a Letter of Discrepancy. Charterer’s requirements regarding protests for quantity loaded should always be complied with. When the Bills of Lading figures differ from shore figures by more than 0.5 PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING CARGO NON-CONFORMANCE Ship / Shore Difference: Cargo Shortages are of great concern to the supplier. if the difference still persists. The density provided by the surveyor should be confirmed. Operators and . and consignee.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. Drafts to be recorded as accurately as possible. cargo owner. vessel owner. dead freight claim is to be made in accordance with the Operators requirements. where the load temperature of the cargo is less than that specified by Charterers in which case. There are instances when loading certain heated cargoes. The claim form is to be directly delivered to Shippers or via Agent as soon as it is known that the nominated quantity is not / will not be loaded. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 16 the requirements of the Load Line Regulations will be met when entering the various Seasonal Zones. the vessel shall re gauge all her tanks. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . however. Vessel is the only common factor at both the load and discharge port. the company should be contacted immediately and furthermore no documents will be signed/ acknowledged by the vessel unless approved by the company/ charterer’s. A running record of ship / shore difference should always be kept. then the difference should be noted by a protest Letter on the Company’s form Dead freight Claim In the event that the shippers are unable to supply the quantity nominated. in some cases claims end in court or arbitration. Master is responsible for the accurate measurement of cargo placed on board vessel and for the delivery of the full quantity of cargo loaded as recorded on the Bill of Lading.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. Documentation and proof of where the shortage has taken place are important.3 %. using different set of thermometer as required and recalculate the cargo on board together with the nominated surveyor.25%. In many instances the problem is resolved by mutual agreement. including temperature measurement. After recalculation. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . NVM. Please note that some Charter Parties may stipulate very stringent conditions for protest. In case of sensitive cargoes. In general 98% capacity.25% between ship/shore figures. Unnecessary quantities of bunkers and ballast are to be avoided. b. which may be lower than the above stipulated difference of 0. Accurately record following information: a. c. In this case the allowance as stipulated in Charter Party must be adhered to. Determine and record cargo temp in each tank. Another test should be performed on a different sample to ensure correctness of the readings. then the results of the wall wash.e colour. 3. at the maximum anticipated temperature. Obtain and record specific gravity or density of each product. care must be taken to load only the maximum quantity that the tanks can safely contain taking into account the load density of the tanks. If any of the parcels is off-specs. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 16 Company should be immediately notified about same and loading should commence only after receiving approval from Operators and Company. All further decisions are to be made as per the advice of the local P & I correspondent and recommendations of Company/ Charterer / Consignee. All liquid present to be measured and recorded. Ultra Violet or other parameters. . analysis report should be relayed to Company and Operators. flash point.6 MAXIMUM CARGO The maximum cargo compatible with the Load Line Rules and the Charter Party must always be loaded. Where it is necessary to load the ship to capacity to comply with voyage orders. d. is to be used as the maximum volume to be loaded into any tank. A Letter of protest is to be lodged with the Shippers / Receivers. The P & I Club is also to be notified in consultation with company. The same procedure is to be followed in case the load temperature is above the recommended. parcels could be off-specification with regard to Quality i.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. All further decision are to be made as per the advice of the local P&I Club. Obtain and retain cargo samples from each tank for reference purposes. and recommendations of Company and Charterers. When the stowage plan itself requires amendments because it is impossible/difficult to adjust the trim. The above special ballast operations must be planned in advance and the ballasting/deballasting sequences to be pre-calculated in the loadicator with particular emphasis on free surface moments. special attention must be given during ballasting to avoid the contact of ballast water to the cargo tank top. In case of partial loading. 3. stability and stress calculations. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 16 MINIMUM STORES Minimum quantities of fresh water and stores should be carried to enable maximum deadweight cargo to be loaded. The officer in charge must ensure that all valves in the system are shut after each ballast operations. the deballasting must be planned in such a way to avoid the contact of ballast water to the cargo tank top. trim.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. the ballast quantities in tanks adjacent to heated cargoes should be adjusted accordingly. (Adjusting the trim and list during various operations at discharging and loading ports should be considered. 3. While planning for carriage of solidifying and high viscosity cargoes. list or draft by ballast.8 DENSITY OF WATER On each occasion of loading the density of seawater is to be established from a sample taken in adequate time before completion of loading. During loading. . b. vessel should take into account ballasting for adjusting the vessel trim and list while loading.) Following general precautions should be observed: a. c. the planning of the ballsting is to be done in order to avoid the contact of ballast water to the cargo tank top.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING 3. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . While discharging. Any necessary allowance should be calculated and its effect allowed for when calculating the completion ullages and quantities. Ullages / Soundings should be checked at regular intervals especially prior to topping up.7 August 01. the vessel should report it to operator without delay in consultation with company to achieve the alternative stowage plan.9 BALLASTING / DEBALLASTING OPERATION When drawing the stowage plan. Frequent checks should be made to accurately assess the weight of consumable stores against the constant in the stability information and any stipulation in the Charter Party. Special attention to be paid to the decrease in ship’s stability caused due to slack tanks. overflow must be avoided. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT.10 FLOW-CHART When planning an actual cargo stowage. . 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 16 3. the flow charts on the following two pages should be followed and stowage plans meeting all the requirements in the flow-charts will result in compliance with the requirements of IBC or BCH code. Allocation of tanks for intended products respectively. CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 16 1st Stage START From next page Intended loading plan Check the key to conditions in IMO Fitness Certificate. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Is the product listed on the COF No YES Check the suitability list between cargo and coating No YES Check IBC Code requirements (Ch 17) No YES No Reactivity with Other cargoes Correct the Intended Loading YES No Toxicity YES Heat compatibility No YES Compatibility with water No YES Cleanliness and cargo Loading history of Cargo tanks YES No END . CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 16 2ND Stage START Intended loading plan Filling limits on heat Expansion of cargo No YES No Filling limits on design load of cargo tanks YES Filling limits on sloshing load in cargo tanks No YES Restriction due to the ship’s Damage Stability No Correct the Intended Loading YES General conditions such as draft trim and stability No YES Ship’s condition after Loading/discharging at each port No YES Longitudinal strength YES END No . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS)] .CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . in order to avoid accidental mixing. so the cargoes belonging to the groups of combination respectively should be segregated by not stowing in tanks adjacent to each other.11. under specified test conditions. The most commonly used USCG compatibility guide.1 Reactivity with other cargoes Chemicals belonging to certain families are known to react with those of other families when in contact with each other. defines the criteria for incompatibility between two groups as – “A mixture of two chemicals is considered hazardous. The compatibility guide assigns each bulk chemical cargo to one of the 22 Reactive groups (Most reactive chemicals) and 14 Cargo groups (Less reactive chemicals). There are some exceptions to the Compatibility Chart which are shown in Exception to the Chart.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. however compatible with certain Cargo groups. the appendix I of the above regulation. KETONES] 2. Both cargoes should be traced in which chemical group they belong. If two cargoes are categorized in group numbers between 30 throughout 43. Such reactions may generate toxic gases. as there are a number of exceptions to the chart. [Eg. Combination of cargo groups marked with "X" in the chart means not compatible with each other. Eg: Sulphuric acid is incompatible with every reactive group. Cyclohexanone belongs Group 18. [Eg.11 SEGREGATION 3. Whether cargoes within a pair of groups are incompatible is indicated in the Compatibility Chart. [Exp. both cargoes are compatible. heating of the liquids. Incompatible chemical cargoes must therefore be kept strictly separated from each other throughout the entire cargo containment and handling system. 4. the following procedure should be followed. and fire and explosion as consequences. overflow and rupture of the tanks. 1. The footnotes at the bottom of the chart must always be consulted. the temperature rise of the mixture exceeds 25 deg c or a gas is evolved”. when. therefore the chart need not be referred. Toluene (Group 32. Separation should be achieved by having two barriers between containment systems of the incompatible chemicals. To check compatibility of two cargoes. Caustic and Alcohol.] 3. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS) is compatible with CTC (Carbon tetrachloride) (Group 36. Acetone and EDA (ethylene diamine) etc. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 16 3. Master should not stow the heated cargo adjacent to such cargo where there is a possibility of dangerous reactions like polymerisation. even if the heating temperature to be maintained is not so high which will make the cargo in adjacent tank self-react. resulting from local over heating. a heated cargo with maximum heating temperature less than 54. 3. thermal instability. refer to Table I Alphabetical List of Cargoes of the above regulation. This means. Note: In consideration of the requirement of Paragraph 16. decomposition. Excessive heating of selfreactive cargoes will shorten the life of the stabilizing inhibitor resulting in progress of self-reaction and finally deterioration in quality.2 Segregation from Other Tanks Loaded with Heated Cargoes Heated cargoes should never be loaded adjacent to cargoes with self-reactivity such as polymerisation. thermal instability or evolution of gas.5oC may be stowed adjacent to methanol (boiling point = 64. For categorizing chemicals. etc.11. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 9 of 16 5. If the data sheets fail to provide necessary information. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .6. A difference of 10oC between the boiling point of the non-heated cargo and the maximum temperature of the heated cargo stowed in an adjacent tank should be sufficient as a safe margin in planning adjacent stowage. It is advisable that stowage of heated cargoes adjacent to tanks containing poisonous cargo is avoided to minimize the possible release of poisonous cargo vapour onto cargo area.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT.3 Segregation of cargoes reactive with water The data sheet indicates possible dangerous reaction between chemical and water or moisture (water) which causes damage to the quality of some cargoes and to tank coating. . the master should defer loading the cargo until consultation with Operator / Owner has produced satisfactory assurance that the proposed segregation plan is safe.11. It is also advisable that a cargo requiring heating is not stowed adjacent to cargo tank which contain a cargo of low boiling point because the excessive evaporation of the cargo will result in cargo loss and possible vapour hazard in cargo area.1 of IBC Code or equivalent of BCH Code. decomposition.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. Cargo tanks loaded with the following cargoes must be segregated from the tanks loaded with water such as fresh water for tank-cleaning or clean sea water as heavy weather ballast. 3.5oC) when such stowage is inevitable. as any leakage of water into the cargo may cause hydrolysis of the cargo resulting in increased corrosivity. vent pipes at the highest temperature. "Liquidfull" means a tank to be full of cargo upto the openings of tank top i. Filling ration (% full) = 100 (1 .16. etc. Excessive allowance must be avoided so that cargo is not shut out unnecessarily. etc. Vinyl acetate.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT.1 Filling Limits for Cargo Thermal Expansion In calculating the ullage to which the tanks are to be loaded.e. Max. .R x ΔT) .S where. of the voyage and cargo loading condition in each case.12 LOADING LIMITATION OF CARGO 3. After allowing for expansion. Those cargo tanks to be loaded with the cargoes which react dangerously with water should be completely cleaned and dried to eliminate any residual water. an error of measurement of the liquid level is to be taken into account. Ethylene dichloride. Carbon tetrachloride. Dichloroethyl ether. route. The pipelines and other associated fittings also need to be dried accordingly. Trim of Vessel in expected loaded conditions is to be taken into consideration. The cargo tanks can be loaded up to a liquid level corresponding to the maximum filling ratio obtained from the following formula. due allowance must be made for temperature increases during the voyage either from climatic conditions or cargo heating. Ethyl acrylate.12. There should be a certain volume of remaining vacant space in the cargo tanks above the cargo surface to accept the thermal expansion of the cargo after loading. a cargo tank should never be loaded beyond 98 % of its capacity. Note: Refer to Paragraph 15. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Tanks carrying liquids at ambient temperature should be so loaded as to avoid the tank becoming full with liquid due to thermal expansion during the voyage with due regard to the highest temperature which the cargo may reach.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. The heating coils should be blown dry and blanked.2 of IBC Code or equivalent of BCH Code for carriage of cargoes reactive with water 3. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 10 of 16 Acetonitrile. The highest temperature is to be determined with due consideration to the period season. For applying the aforesaid requirement. Filling ratio (% full) = DSG / SG x 100 Example of calculation DSG .12.6% 3.3 Filling Limits for Sloshing Strength of Cargo Tank (If applicable as per Loading/Stability Manual) In general. The damage stability characteristics of Vessel must be understood. it must be confirmed that the intended stowage plan has a sufficient survival capability in .1 determining the filling limits. and there must be evidence that the damage stability has been evaluated for the present and previous voyages.2 Filling Limits for Cargo Tank Design Specific Gravity In addition to the precaution in the preceding Paragraph 3.13 DAMAGE STABILITY CHARACTERISTIC 1. Max. if partial loading is involved in the intended plan. 3.4 SG = 1. However.48 (Chloroform) Then filling ration is 1. Greater the SG. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 11 of 16 R: Coefficient of cubical expansion per oC (see the data sheet) ΔT: Expected maximum temperature rise (oC) S : Safety margin. Max.1. Filling limit can be calculated by the following formula. cargoes should be loaded to the extent of a safe loading percentages as determined after referring to the sloshing calculation shown on Vessel's Loading Operation Manual.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT.48 x 100 = 94.4 / 1. When chemicals specified in BCH / IBC code are about to be loaded. bigger the effect of sloshing on vessel's structure.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. partial loading between 20% and 80% of filling ratio is prohibited to avoid an excessive sloshing load in the tank structure. usually 2% of capacity Under no circumstances should "shore stop" to be accepted when the final ullage of a cargo tank is likely to be smaller than the ullage calculated by the above formula.13. 2. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .12. it is necessary to take into account the correction between the design specific gravity (DSG) of the cargo tanks and the specific gravity (SG) of the cargo loaded. 3. This effect is cumulative and if made a regular practice can result in structural failure. and contains full deadweight. This may be in either written form or may be stored in the computer. 3. For detailed method of calculation. The damage stability calculation is based on the Section 2 "Ship Survival Capability and Location of Cargo Tanks" of the IBC Code or equivalent of BCH Code. It also gives ballast distributions for arrival.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. which enables Master to assess the damage stability easily. Vessel should keep evidence that a stress and stability calculation has been made for the current voyage and cargo operation. capacity and hydrostatic particulars. If these tendencies are further aggravated by the unsatisfactory distribution of cargo. In order to reduce stresses to a minimum. In the manual. and only the plan having sufficient survival capacity can be permitted. stability. weight distribution for various conditions of loading are detailed in the manual and verified by the stress and stability indicators (Loadicator) are to be followed.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. In accordance with regulations all vessels are supplied with an approved P & A Manual which states all procedure to be followed and arrangements of the equipment and pipe lines for the cargo operation. .14 STABILITY AND STRESS TRIM AND STABILITY. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . any discrepancies must be notified to Company. refer to Vessel's Damage Stability Manual or the like kept on board. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 12 of 16 damaged condition as per the requirement of the code. unnecessary stresses will be put on the structure of the vessel. which indicates the various conditions of loading and ballasting with weight distribution structure resulting in the minimum stress being imposed on the Hull structure. assessment of damage stability by the allowable maximum KG method is generally used. the system should be checked at frequent intervals against the typical conditions as detailed in the trim and stability book. bunkers or ballast. Where a computerized calculation system is provided on Vessel. departure and light ship conditions. and hog in the light condition. P & A MANUAL In accordance with regulations all vessels are supplied with a Trim and Stability manual approved by the Flag administration or the Classification Society. All tankers have a tendency to sag in the fully laden condition. There should also be evidence that this procedure is in common use. 3. 3. It is the responsibility of Master to ensure that Vessel is not overloaded. As the spaces of the forecastle and poop decks have been taken into consideration in the stability calculation. small hatches or other openings should be closed tightly before Vessel sails. some of which are online with the tank gauging system and some are manual. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 13 of 16 All vessels have loading computers.2 Longitudinal Strength and Allowable Value Bending moment (BM) and Shear forces (SF) should always be well within 100% for limit for Harbour and Sea conditions. Master must send an urgent message to Operators/ Company for clarification / Rectification. and not a figure obtained by taking the mean of the fore and aft drafts.M. 3.562 (14).14. Any significant difference between the two is to be reported to the office immediately. vessels will load to the maximum draft permitted under the International Load Line Regulations. 3. and S.IV) and A.1 Notice Concerning Stability The stability of Vessel under actual service conditions must be maintained to comply with the requirements of IMO A. In an unlikely event of Operators issuing shipping orders. During cargo and ballasting operations. within allowable limit. care should be taken so as to avoid excessive stresses by the effect of wave while Vessel is navigating in rough seas. Draft. should be greater than required minimum permissible G. oil tight hatches. The draft / freeboard to which the regulation applies is the observed draft / freeboard midships. Transverse metacentric height G.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01.4 Slack Tanks Slack tanks are to be kept to minimum. .F. the Chief Officer is to ensure that manual loading computers are updated constantly as the operations progress. Vessels must comply with IMO’s “Intact Stability requirements” on tankers during liquid transfer operations. In order to keep B.14.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. At 6 hourly intervals a print out of the vessels stability criteria including draft and trim are to be made and filed along with the cargo or ballast plan. which will overload the Vessel. weather tight doors. 3.167 (ES.14.M.M. trim and stability criteria are to be monitored through out the operation and a comparison is to be made with real observed draft. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .14.3 Loading Draft When loading a dead-weight cargo. discharging. ballasting at all stages of the voyage.15 LOADING COMPUTERS This instrument allows the carrying out of the various complex calculations required to ensure that the ship is not overstressed or unstable during the carriage of the nominated cargoes. Records on testing/verifying of loading computer software should be maintained. is only an aid to the operator. The shippers / consignees belonging to NIOP and FOSFA restrict loading of their edible oils into cargo tanks which have carried certain hazardous cargoes previously by the rules of "NIOP / FOSFA". Discretion is left to Master to decide these circumstances with due consideration to the effect on the manoeuvring characteristics of Vessel in the listed condition. . and more importantly the human interpretation of the output data.16 ANGLE OF HEEL Vessels are not to proceed to sea unless in an upright condition. the Company is to be advised immediately with a request for attention Failure of Loading Computer Should the loading computer fail. Loading computer software must be tested/verified at least every three months. The company must be notified immediately and the computer repaired at the earliest opportunity 3. movements within port limits should not be carried out with Vessel not in an upright condition. 3. Where these test results in significant errors. If the input data is incorrect.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. It must be remembered that a loading computer. increase in draft and effect on structures when getting alongside. It relies on human input of data.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01.17 RESTRICTION OF LOADING EDIBLE OILS The associations of traders and producers of edible oils such as the "NIOP" in North America and "FOSFA" in Europe have acute concern with the necessity to protect health of the consumers against hazardous substances likely to contaminate their products during transportation. Results of stress and stability calculations can be verified by comparison of calculations contained in the approved Trim and Stability Booklet with those produced by the loading program. In some cases it will also permit the assessment of damage stability. the output data will also be incorrect. Except in special circumstances. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . only loading plans in agreement with the Trim and Stability manual should be accepted. as with navigation aids. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 14 of 16 3. Used correctly it will ensure the safe operation of the ship for all conditions of loading. Test conditions must be supplied to the vessel for use in verifying the accuracy of the equipment. 18 HANDLING OF TOXIC/FLAMMABLE CARGOES When loading flammable or toxic cargoes. Ensure valid toxic gas detection tubes and measuring equipments appropriate to the cargoes being carried on board. Ensure valid antidotes for the cargo as per MFAG is available on board. the following shall be complied with: 1. 5.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO STOWAGE PLANNING & LOADING August 01. For vessels loading Flammable. Refer to IBC Section 17. . Record of such tests and checks shall be maintained. It should be remembered that the principal protection is to avoid exposure by “Absolute containment” inside the cargo system.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 3 PT. Personal protective gear as applicable should be worn by personnel involved in the cargo work. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Pump rooms. The carriers are required to plan the stowage of such edible oils as per the requirements of the rules.which shall strictly be adhered to. The lists of restricted or acceptable previous cargoes are attached to this manual as Appendix. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 15 of 16 Therefore. Seeds and Fats Association) 3. 3. with out IG please refer company guidelines in procedures manual. edible oils owned by the shippers and/or consignees must be loaded in the tanks which satisfy the rules. stores and other spaces in the hazardous area shall regularly be checked for any ingress or accumulation of toxic or flammable vapors. 2. Note : : NIOP (The National Institute of Oilseed Products) FOSFA (Federation of Oil. Access to the cargo area shall be restricted to authorized persons only. static accumulating cargoes. empty tanks. with respect to Gauging and Venting requirements.12 for special precautions for Toxic Cargoes. 6. Also refer to IBC Sec 15. 4. 7. Adequate notice concerning the use of power pack system / pumps must be given to the Chief Engineer and Engine Room. On vessels without inert gas .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT.1 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS PREPARATIONS PRIOR TO CARGO HANDLING 4. Closed Loading It is our policy to operate our fleet of tankers in the closed condition. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . the setting of lines and valves. The Chief Officer is responsible to the Master for the correct handling and segregation of cargo and ballast. subsequent ullage checks are made to ensure that the action taken has had the desired effect. either of which will ensure that the gases are taken clear of the cargo deck.1 Cargo Operations Responsibilities The Master is responsible for the safety of the ship during all cargo operations. particularly that the flow of cargo / ballast into fully or partly loaded tanks has ceased. with agreements entered in the Port Log. sounding and sighting ports securely closed. control of pumps. Devices fitted to mast risers or vent stacks to prevent the passage of flame must be regularly checked to confirm they are clean. including requirements for closed loading etc. wherein the cargo operations scheduled for that port are to be discussed with all concerned. He shall also ensure that a strict pre cargo conference is held prior arrival each port. For effective closed loading. He is also responsible for tank cleaning.1. and understand how to fulfill them. Before any cargo or ballast operation proceeds. and operation of the Inert Gas System. gas freeing and any other tank preparation. Such instructions and/or plans are to be retained onboard. Safety data sheets of each of the cargoes shall be discussed in detail. all persons involved should have a clear understanding of the planned operational sequence and this must be discussed and agreed with the shore representative. in good condition and correctly installed. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 1 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS SECTION 4 : 4. It is essential that following any operations concerning valves. cargo must be loaded with the ullage. To undertake closed loading.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. the vessel should be equipped with ullaging equipment and independent overfill alarms which allow the tank contents to be monitored without opening tank apertures. Cargo and vapour line setting for any cargo operation is to be undertaken under the direct supervision of Chief officer and independently checked by another officer. The gas displaced by the incoming cargo must be vented to the atmosphere via the mast riser(s) or through high velocity or constant velocity valves. The officer of the watch is responsible for ensuring that the Chief Officer’s directions concerning the setting of valves and the conduct of operations are maintained during his watch. He must ensure that the officers and crew are properly and correctly informed of their duties. Full written instructions for any operations to be carried out are to be given to the officer of the watch before cargo related operations commence. In port the chief officer must ensure that there is proper liaison between the responsible officer and the shore installation. Each item should be verified before it is ticked. Air should be admitted to the tanks by the dedicated venting system. and loading should not commence if pre-transfer checks find them at faults. Vessels operating with inert gas are considered always to be capable of closed loading. the terminal and all personnel. In some ports for example. sounding and sighting ports closed. Pressure Vacuum valves to be function tested before every operation. 4. When cargo is being run between tanks during discharge operations care should be taken to ensure that vapours are vented to deck as per procedures given in closed loading above. USA it is a requirement to carry out the vapour tightness test of the cargo tanks prior arrival & record it in the form of a vapour tightness certificate issued on board. The completed checklist is of no value if it is merely regarded as a paper exercise. lids and openings that are not required to be open for a reason should be firmly closed. All cargo tank openings such as Tank domes. pressure sensors. All ship’s cargo and bunker pipelines not in use should be securely blanked and fully bolted at the manifold and at the pump stack (For Deep Well pumps).3 Ship / Shore Safety Checklist The Ship/Shore safety Checklist concerns the safety of the ship. Discharge should normally take place on non-inerted vessels with all ullage. and remote system controls tested (where appropriate).1. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 2 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS systems this equipment should comply with the precautions highlighted in Sections 11. Master to confirm the current requirements and prepare accordingly. Particular attention .1. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .7 and 11. Closed Discharging Vessels correctly operating their inert gas systems may be considered to be conducting closed discharging operations. Hatches. Butterworth pockets should be securely closed. and should be completed jointly by the responsible officer and the terminal representative. level alarms. thermometers and other in-tank instrumentation to be tested for operation and accuracy.2 of ISGOTT. Cargo pipelines and cross over valves should be checked.2 Ship checks prior arrival Following important checks should be made by the ship prior arrival in port for loading / unloading cargo: Level gauges. 4. in the state of Texas. High level and Overfill control alarms are critical components of the cargo transfer system.7.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. and all drains closed and secured. Items “R” of checklist must be rechecked at agreed intervals and recorded.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT.1. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01, 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 3 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS must be paid to ensuring that all deck scuppers are plugged and will remain oil tight in the event of a spill. 4.1.4 Ship checks after arrival prior to cargo operations The Chief Officer should ensure that all precautions set out below are being observed in addition to companies pre-arrival checklists. 1. Ensure that ship and shore vapour systems are compatible and that the system will operate in compliance with local and terminal regulations. 2. An inhibitor certificate must be available for self-reacting cargoes. 3. Complete cargo information as required by Section 2 must be available to the vessel. 4. Tanks to be inspected by Surveyor are well ventilated and safe for entry and marked so. Tank entry procedures must be complied with. The surveyor must be accompanied by the chief officer or another responsible officer if circumstances so require. 5. Tanks passed for loading must be tightly secured with all openings closed. 6. The sea suction and overboard discharge valves connected to ballast system must be closed and lashed when not in use. 7. All deck scuppers and any open drains onto jetty must be effectively plugged to prevent spilled cargo escaping into water. 8. Cargo manifolds should be ready for connection to shore hoses. Vessel’s manifolds must be labeled to identify positively to the shore labour the product to be loaded through each line. 9. The pumproom ventilation system should be put on well in advance. 10. The cargo venting system is correctly set, appropriate for the operation being carried out. 11. Intakes for central air conditioning system and mechanical ventilation system should be checked for partial recirculation. 12. Fire fighting, Pollution prevention equipment should be ready for immediate use. Correct personal protective clothing should be immediately available and should be worn as necessary 4.2 KNOWLEDGE / FAMILIARITY WITH CARGO SYSTEMS Upon joining the vessel, the Master, all Officers and ratings who will be involved in the cargo operations are to familiarize themselves with the arrangement, layout and operations of the cargo systems, including any special feature the vessel may have relating to the handling of cargo. All cargo lines, valves (Manifold, Pump stack and Common line valves), vent lines, P/V valves, Vapour recovery lines, Cargo heating system lines and valves, tank cleaning lines and valves, cargo pumps, cargo heaters, tank domes, butter worth pockets, sighting ports shall be indelibly marked for identification Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01, 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 4 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4.2.1 Lining up of Cargo Valves The Chief Officer must personally supervise the initial setting / lining up of all cargo valves. Before starting cargo operations the chief officer must ensure that all cargo valves are closed and then open the necessary valves. After lining up, it is imperative that another officer makes a second independent check of the pipeline system for the proposed operation. A visual inspection is insufficient; valves must be proven open or shut physically. All cargo valves are to have light lashings available for use as positive indication that the valves are to remain closed. After cargo tanks and lines, reducers and cargo hoses have been lined up, checks to be made to ensure that the flanges of removable parts such as reducers, cargo hoses, elbows are properly fitted and tightened and that all open flanges are covered with blank flanges. Drain plugs / valves on each cargo line, manifold, drip trays are shut. 4.2.2 Maintenance of Cargo equipment The maintenance of Cargo pumping system is the responsibility of the Chief Engineer. The proper maintenance of all Cargo Valves, Cargo Gauging devices, Instrumentation such as High/Overfill alarms, Pressure sensors, Tank Temperature sensors, Tank washing machines and heater, in accordance with the vessel’s Planned Maintenance system, is the responsibility of the Chief Officer. The Chief Engineer is to assist in these maintenance jobs when required. Close liaison between the Chief Officer and Chief Engineer must be maintained to ensure efficient operation of all above Cargo equipments. Each ullage gauge must be marked with its “Datum” in stowed position. The gauge reading must be compared with this datum prior every use. All personnel involved in cargo operations must be made aware of the dangers of ‘Sticking’ of float type level gauges and therefore level gauges must be compared with other available sources at various stages of loading. Cargo tank High level and Overfill alarms must be tested prior every loading. Temperature and Pressure sensors must be calibrated as per PMS. All cargo lines, valves, and associated equipments; bunker lines, valves and accessories thereof should be checked by pressure test every year. Function test to be carried out prior every operation. Operating (opening/closing) devices of valves should be adjusted for smooth operation. Date of test is to be clearly marked at the manifold and on the hoses. The consequences of being unable to open or close a Tank valve can be extremely dangerous. 4.2.2.1 Maintenance of Tank Cleaning Equipment: Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01, 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 5 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS Generally following will be the list of Tank Cleaning Equipments under maintenance: Tank Cleaning Pumps - As per running hours and condition based PMS. Tank Cleaning Heaters - As per running hours and condition based PMS. Also the feedback on the heating efficiency will be used. Fixed Gas Free Fans - As per running hours and condition based PMS. Also the Gas freeing capacity will be evaluated from the previous records of time taken for the job. Fixed/Portable Tank Cleaning machines - As per function test, feedback during cleaning or PMS. Tank Cleaning Hoses - Continuity check, inspection of condition and performance during cleaning. Portable Gas Freeing Fans - As per running hours and condition based PMS. Also the Gas freeing capacity will be evaluated from the previous records of time taken for the job. The maintenance of the Tank Cleaning Pumps, Tank Cleaning Heaters & Fixed Gas Free Fans must be carried out under Chief Engineer’s responsibility. The maintenance of Tank Cleaning Machines and related items, Tank Cleaning Hoses, Portable Gas Freeing Fans etc will be the duty of the Chief Officer & under the guidance of the Chief Engineer where required. 4.2.3 Safety of Tools, Machinery and Materials Tools, machinery and materials to be used for various operations must be appropriate in terms of their structure, function and material. Those to be used in cargo areas should comply with the following requirements in consideration of the hazardous nature of the respective cargoes: 1. Tools, when used or dropped, should not give off sparks. 2. Electric appliances should be intrinsically safe or explosion-proof. 3. Machinery should be of such structure and material as will safeguard personnel against electrostatic generation and discharge. 4.2.4 Review of New Chemicals Carried Onboard As a practice all new Chemicals carried on board are to be reviewed by the Master, Chief Officer and Company. The review is based on the MSDS and other pertinent information supplied by the Operators and company. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01, 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 6 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS As soon as the cargo bookings are received the Master and Chief Officer should study the MSDS of the Chemicals concerned, identify the main hazards of that Chemical including a review of the fire fighting medium, and where technical help is concerned, discuss same with the Chief Engineer. Vektor Maritim is to be informed and a joint review of the new Chemical is done by the ship and Office based on the properties and hazards of the chemical. Issues reviewed are stowage, handling, compatibility, any other special characteristic of the cargo which would affect its stowage and handling. The office will send its comments and suggestions on telex, email or by fax. Once all information on the product is gathered a Crew meeting is to be called where in the new Chemicals to be carried is discussed with regards to its safe handling, stowage, and specific hazards. This forms part of the shipboard SMS and ensures that all pertinent Safety information regarding all cargoes carried on board passes down to all crew members. Chemical tankers are exposed to various risks throughout their handling and carriage of hazardous chemicals. Care should be taken to minimize these risks as far as practicable on each occasion of cargo handling and transportation. To this end, Master, officers and concerned crew should be thoroughly familiar with the precautions described in this Manual and/or other publications mentioned in section 1.1, which are kept on board and be prepared for the intended operation. All necessary information on procedures and arrangements should be exchanged to build up consensus amongst Vessel, shore personnel, terminal personnel and other parties concerned prior to commencement of the operation. 4.3 LIAISON BETWEEN SHIP AND SHORE 4.3.1 Exchange of Cargo Information Master should communicate with parties concerned, through Agent if necessary, prior to arrival of Vessel at a berth or anchorage for intended cargo operation handling, tank cleaning and pre wash, ballasting and bunkering to exchange and acquire necessary information such as cargo readiness, cargo data, intended cargo quantity, etc. and to give necessary information to the parties for safe and efficient operation. (1) Vessel with Agent (ii) ETA, draft, tugs, pilot and other port information (iii) Defects on Vessel which may affect port and cargo operation (iv) Sizes and number of cargo manifold connections (2) Vessel with pilot (Directly or through Agent) (i) ETA at pilot station, draft and others which are required for safe manoeuvring of Vessel (3) Terminal (berth master / cargo surveyor) to Vessel Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01, 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 7 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Quantity, S.G., correction factor, temperature, special requirements for cargo. Tank venting requirements and details of any vapour return lines required. Tank environmental control requirements, e.g: drying and inert gas. Check list, Terminal regulation, emergency plan, etc. Detail of Terminal facilities (distance, elevations to shore tank, use of booster pump, etc.) (vi) Number, and size of shore connection and estimated loading rate (vii) Depth of water at berth (viii) Information on weather or surroundings (ix) Terminal or Port Regulations on pre-washing of cargo tanks alongside the berth, and details of reception facilities to receive slops (if applicable.) (x) Any other limitation of the Terminal. 4.3.2 Advice to Terminal from Vessel before start Loading / Discharging The responsible officer of Vessel should inform Terminal of the following. (1) Information on Vessel (i) General arrangement of cargo on arrival (ii) Vessel's draft and trim on arrival (iii) Details of Vessel's manifold such as flange sizes of cargo / vapour manifolds (iv) Any problem which may affect cargo operation (v) Any operation on Vessel which may affect or delay commencement of loading or discharging (vi) Estimate draft upon completion of operation (2) Cargo and Ballast Details before Loading (i) Acceptable cargo quantities from terminal nominations (ii) Details of last cargo carried (normally last 3 cargoes), method of tank cleaning (if any), and state of cargo tanks and cargo pipelines. (iii) Mandatory pre-wash requirements, cargo names and quantity of washings for discharge to reception facilities. (iv) Quantity, quality and disposition of slops of cargo, if any (v) Whether alongside tank cleaning is required in addition to pre-wash. (3) Loading Plans of Vessel (i) Loading arrangements and procedures (ii) Proposed method of venting from the cargo tanks (iii) Maximum pressure at the manifolds and expected loading rate (4) Cargo Details before Discharging (i) Kinds of cargoes and their characteristics (ii) Special precautions given by cargo owner for discharging (iii) Cargo quantities and loaded conditions volume and tank distribution of each cargo. Discharging Procedures of Vessel (i) Discharging arrangement and procedures (ii) Maximum discharging capacity and pressure of the cargo pumps.3. maximum loading rate (iii) Number and sizes of cargo hoses or loading arms available to use (iv) Limitation of movement of cargo hoses or loading arms (v) Maximum working pressure of Vessel / Terminal connections (vi) Communication / Signaling procedure for control of loading including emergency stop procedure (3) Discharging Plan (i) Cargo receiving procedures of Terminal (ii) For each cargoes. maximum receiving rate (iii) Maximum pressure at Vessel / Terminal connections (vi) Any other limitations at Terminal 4. (v) S. MSDS etc.3 Advice to Vessel from Loading / Discharging Terminal / Surveyor The responsible officer should acquire the following from Terminal (1) Cargo Information (i) Kinds of cargoes and their characteristics (ii) Special precautions for cargo handling (iii) Quantities of loading cargoes (iv) Foot samples / Normal samples taken. cargo name. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 8 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS (iv) (v) (vi) (5) Any change of the ullage since loading.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. correction factor.G.4 Agreed Cargo Handling (1) Agreed Cargo Loading Plan . and intended discharging rate and pressure 4.3. certificates and MSDS for inhibitors to be added to cargoes (2) Loading Plan (i) Loading procedures (ii) For each cargoes.. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . due to unreasonable or unknown cause Cargo temperature on arrival If Vessel has part cargoes which will remain on board. and any suspension of cargo operation while samples are being analysed. (vi) Loading temperature of cargoes (vii) When necessary. CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . a loading plan should be agreed amongst Vessel responsible officer. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 9 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS In order to secure the safety of cargo loading. line and venting system and shore cargo lines and tanks (iii) Maximum allowable pressure of Vessel / shore hoses or loading arms to be used (iv) Loading rate and pressure (v) Loading sequence (vi) Necessary precautions to avoid electrostatic ignition (vii) Atmospheric conditions (viii) System of gauging (ix) Systems of cargo vapour return to shore installations (x) Prevention of spill of cargo or other accident and emergency response procedure (xi) Movement or operations which may change flow rates (xii) Kind and number of safety equipment to be prepared or used (xiii) Checking proper name of SHIPPER / CHARTERER / SUPPLIER for each cargo.1 throughout 4. a discharge plan should be agreed by Vessel's responsible officer and Terminal representative on the basis of information exchanged between Vessel and Terminal operator with regard to Paragraph 4. Terminal representative and Cargo Surveyor based on the information exchanged between Vessel and Terminal operator as per the procedure specified in Paragraph 4. (i) (ii) Kinds and the properties of the cargoes to be discharged. especially in case of discharging same kind of cargo (x) Max time allowed for stripping.10.3 and the following conditions. Arrangement and capacity of Vessel's cargo line and venting system and shore's cargo lines and tanks (iii) Maximum discharge capacity and pressure of cargo pump to be used and discharge rate and pressure (iv) Maximum allowable pressure of Vessel / shore hoses or loading arms to be used (v) Discharging sequence (vi) Necessary precaution to avoid electrostatic ignitions (vii) Movement or operations which may change flow rates (viii) Kinds and numbers of safety equipments to be prepared or used (ix) Checking proper name of CONSIGNEE / CHARTERER / RECEIVER for each cargo.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. (i) (ii) Grade and properties of the cargoes to be loaded Arrangement and capacity of Vessel's cargo tanks.3.3. especially in case of loading same kind of cargo (2) Agreed Cargo Discharge Plan In order to secure the safety of cargo discharging.3 especially on the following.1 throughout 4.10. . Terminal Safety regulations After berthing. At each change of shift or watch.4 LOADING . receive information on local or Terminal safety regulations. 4. agree on use of cooking appliances in galley. If an accidental spillage or leakage of cargo occurs during any operation. 4. advise "Work Permit" and "Hot Work Permit" procedures. and e. if any. The procedure should include means of communication and roles of each party.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. agree in writing and maintain reliable communications system. Vessel's responsible officer and Terminal representative should confirm each other that the signaling and communication procedure is understood by those on watch / duty. the operation should be immediately stopped and cause investigated before resuming. Vessel's responsible officer and Terminal representative should discuss and agree on emergency response procedures to be followed by each party in the event of an emergency case. present and discuss about Ship/Shore Safety Check List 2. a written notice "Instruction in Case of Fire" should be given to concerned crew. The use of one radio channel by more than one ship / shore combination should be avoided. all operations must be stopped immediately until the cause has been established and the defect corrected. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 10 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. Preferably. b. agree designated smoking area. 3.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. Vessel and Terminal Emergency Procedures On Vessel's arrival.3. Allowance should be made for the time required for action in response to signals. and checks prior cargo operations 1. Before loading or unloading commences the communication system should be adequately tested.5 Communication during Cargo operations It is the responsibility of both the ship and terminal to establish.6 Joint ship and shore liaison. c. In the event of an unexpected/unforeseen happening on deck during cargo operations. d. especially cargo spill and fire.3. Vessel's responsible officer should have conference with Terminal representative to: a. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . A secondary stand-by system should also be established and agreed and tested. etc. (iii) Jobs allotted to the relevant crewmembers at each stage. (2) When connecting the manifold pipe of each tank with a common line by using spool pieces. Usually Chemical tankers are fitted with one tank-one pump system.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. If bunkering is scheduled it should be discussed with the engine department to prevent interfering with cargo work. after operations completed. (ii) reduce friction and pressure in the piping system. In the case of ballasting. while loading. loading sequence and connecting method of a hose. OTHER PRECAUTIONS . The use of Y-pieces should be for the purpose of evenly distributing the cargo flow. tank cleaning. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . A clear description must be given on the loading plan for following: (i) Preparation prior to loading. in which case following to be clearly indicated on the plan: (1) Jumping hoses used to connect manifold lines of various tanks should be arranged in such a way that cargo should flow from a manifold pipe/hose of a large diameter to a smaller diameter in order to: (i) increase loading rates.4. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 11 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. (iv) Watch system during loading The loading plan must be presented to the engine department so as to make arrangements for steam to check the heating coils for leaks prior to loading. manifold / line to be used and connecting method for jumping hoses or spool pieces. and other preparations for such work.1 Loading Methods The loading plan should clearly specify the loading method. tank cleaning pumps and cargo pumps are used. (3) When cargo is loaded directly from the deck by using a hose (loading overall) such items should be clearly shown (indicated schematically) as the procedure of attaching a fitting to a Butterworth hole. the person in charge should ensure removal of the spool piece for each tank and that a blank flange must be fitted without fail. Also check the compressor’s air charge for air blow. it should be discussed when and how ballast pumps.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. clearing operations after loading. (ii) Checks during loading. 4. which should be recorded or rewritten when necessary. In the case of loading more than one kind of cargo.. items to be given at the time of watch transfer and other important items. under normal circumstances. etc.2 Conditions of Tanks prior to Loading Cargo tanks must be cleaned to the standard necessary to meet the requirements for the next cargo. the estimated time to start clearing work on completion of cargo work. These instructions should be posted in the control room to inform all crewmembers concerned. Wall wash test and thorough inspection of tank structure and outfitting to ascertain the readiness of cargo tanks for loading as required by next cargo should be carried out prior arrival port. as distinct from on behalf of the Shippers. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 4. In postponing tank cleaning under such circumstances it is important to be sure that the tanks can be effectively cleaned at a later stage. the sea passage must not be prolonged in order to arrive with tanks gas free. . Master must get approval by Company to prolong the voyage for the cleaning. and the Master should always request a copy. except those tanks known to be required at the port. However. In addition. On some occasions the Charterers will have retained a surveyor on their own behalf.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. etc. The Chief Officer is to accompany the appointed surveyors and inspect each tank into which cargo is to be loaded. The loading plan to be posted in the control room should have a blank column for the estimated time of completion of loading. means of communication. If any difficulty is expected in cleaning empty tanks after sailing next port. which were given at the time of conference.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. should be mentioned clearly to prevent confusion. or of loading and discharging operations being carried out simultaneously. These Surveyors will often complete their own certificate of fitness to load. Empty cargo tanks must be cleaned and gas freed during sea passage and / or whenever time available in order to have them readily available for cargoes offered for shipment at short notice. necessity of periodical contact with the terminal. Refer to Section 5 for further guidance. to change hoses. and agree that the tanks are empty and in a fit condition to receive the grade of cargo in accordance with the Cargo Stowage Plan.3 Inspection of Tank Prior to Loading This will generally be carried out by a terminal representative or surveyor appointed by them. 4. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 12 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS The loading plan should contain precautions for the particular loading method. the Company’s tank inspection certificate should be completed by the vessel and signed.4. steps to be taken in case of emergency. unless it is anticipated that a suitable temperature cannot be maintained due to a fall of temperature during the voyage. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. In the case of non-heated cargo. when vapor return is not necessary. At the same time. checks of heating coils for leaks must be carried out. The tank can be vented via the high velocity vent. the line up of the vapour return system has to be carefully checked for conections & valves opened. Whenever vapor is required to be returned ashore. heating coils should be warmed up in advance so that survey may be started immediately after a meeting with the surveyor.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 13 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS In the case of heated cargo. in principle a blank flange should be inserted in the heating line of the relevant tanks. On the other hand. the connections should be removed from the vapour return line and a blank flange put up instead. . who ascertains the cleanliness and dryness of tanks. Some Terminals do not allow any tank entry while vessel is alongside. the air tank should be charged with compressed air beforehand and condensed oily water in the air tank should be drained. cotton rags. The time. On completion of loading / discharging at a port. The vessel should perform a final check before berthing and clean up any condensations etc irrespective of above. the cargo surveyors may decide to do a tank inspection at the previous berth or anchorage. the relevant loading line should be airblown and drained completely. Even if the complete dryness of a tank has been ascertained before arrival.4 Cargo Stowage Plan on Receipt of Shipping Orders A cargo stowage plan will be prepared by the chief officer upon receipt of loading orders. The air hoses should be prepared ready for use at the connecting position. water and other impurities. blank or spectacle flanges are properly in place and there is no residue left in tanks. load port.4. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Preparations for this should be made by keeping items such as bucket. the cargo plan must be updated showing the disposition of cargo and ballast. sometimes the tank walls sweat or foreign substances in the piping system comes out as a result of air blow. Preferably separate air hoses should be used when such cargo as styrene monomer which exert a harmful influence upon methanol. The chief officer should have crewmembers in charge attend the above work and have them report on the outcome and confirm it himself without fail. sponge should be in the vicinity of the hatch for immediate removal of water and other foreign matters. 4. This plan should show for each tank. Approved Flash lights. In such cases. Before connecting shore hoses to vessel cargo line. even if only for another berth in the same port. discharge port. tanks are inspected is to be recorded in the statement of facts and a Tank Inspection Certificate issued.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. in principle). On using compressed air it should be checked whether such air is free from lubricating oil.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 14 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS When air blow of the loading line by means of compressed air of vessel is required before a tank inspection. Before Vessel leaves a berth. A copy of this plan should be available for inspection by concerned authorities. shoe covers and cotton gloves necessary for tank inspection should be prepared so that such inspection may be started immediately after the pre transfer conference with the surveyor. The tank survey by a surveyor must be attended by an officer (the chief officer. a fully completed cargo stowage plan must be prepared and should be kept in accessible place. and gives final checks whether drain plugs. MEG and other cargoes. . 4.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. There should be a valve provided on the hose for the shipstaff to control the flow or an agreed method of reduction of loading rate and final stoppage if no valves are provided.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. following must be checked in IBC Ch – 17 to comply for this Operation: a) Column g (Tank Vents) – must be “Open” b) Column h (Tank Environmental Control) – must be “Vent” or “No” c) Column j (Gauging) – must be “O” 4. The free end of the hoses must be securely lashed inside the tank. (b) The whole system to be non gastight. This restricts the free fall of liquid only. ship's figure as applicable. Tank to be loaded must be gas free. parcel number. Loading overall may be restricted by local regulations. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 15 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS grade.7 Splash Filling (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Undesirable with vegetable oil cargoes owing to possible oxidization of cargo during free fall causing deterioration in quality.4. to prevent the tank structure or coating from being damaged by its movements. 4. (a) The whole system to be gastight. In case of (1)(b) or (2) above. for all cargoes and ballast remaining onboard. . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . This method restricts the free fall of liquid and minimizes the amount of vapour escaping from tank. The results of tests may be presented to cargo surveyor's at load port if requested for.5 Test of Heating Coil Prior to Loading Cargo tank Heating coils should be pressure tested by steam or compressed air at 7kg/cm2.4.4. All flange connections should be well made and have suitable gaskets. This is termed splashed filling.6 Loading Overall or Loading over the Top There are two methods as follows: (1) Loading through a hose directly connected to a portable or permanent drop line into tank. prior to arrival at loading port and recorded. (2) Loading through a hose just inserted into a tank through a deck opening. 4. Identification tags for the various grades to be loaded are put up at the respective manifolds to aid hose connection. When he has obtained such information from the person in charge of the terminal. barge. the officer on watch should enquire about the reasons for same from the responsible person on the shore/barge and inform the chief officer and master accordingly. The officer on watch should take periodical measurements of ullage and temperature.8 Regulations In addition to MARPOL Annex II and IBC/BCH Code. In particular. During loading operations vessels are often notified of shifting or the delay of arrival of barges or the change of the schedule for the loading operation concerning other lot or that for the discharging operation conducted concurrently. the officer on watch should report it to the chief officer and the master after checking the details. Communication with the shore should include information in accordance with the terminal regulations.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. calculate the loaded quantity and the loading rate and estimate the time of completion of loading. in winter. all of which should be entered in the relevant forms. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Prior to entering a loading port. periodical contact should be kept with crew members in charge to keep them informed of the progress of cargo handling operations and to ascertain not only that the cargo watch is kept in a proper manner but also that walkytalkies function properly.9 Loading Procedure Progress of Loading The Chief Officer and the officer on watch must always be vigilant whether the loading operation is progressing in a smooth. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 16 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. the chief officer must ensure that the Loading Manifolds are ready. If there is a large discrepancy in loading rates from those calculated at the previous periodical measurement or the loading plan.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. cargo operations must be conducted in accordance with Company's and local regulations. He should not hesitate to ask for explanations if he cannot understand due to language barriers or lack of clarity. safe. The officer on watch should keep periodical contact with the shore or barge representative as well as crewmembers in charge of the manifold or engine room. . at night or in rainy weather.4. or agents. and the recommendations set out in the ICS Tanker Safety Guide (Chemicals) and International Safety Guide for oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT) 4. secure and efficient manner. When all checks have been made and the operation is found to be in order. The maximum rate must be consistent with the capacity of the cargo piping system. . cofferdam or onto the sea. tank venting system. the necessary Vessel's lines should be opened except the manifold valve.4.Loading should start at a slow rate. Vessel's manifold valve should not be opened until the responsible person from terminal informs Vessel that the shore is ready to commence.10 Start of Flow Manifold sample should as far as possible be obtained prior flow of cargo into the tank. Regular checks to be made thereafter to ensure that the cargo system is free of leaks until completion of the entire operation. taking into account the following: (i) (ii) (iii) (v) (vi) Working pressure of ship’s lines and hoses being used. the loading rate may be increased gradually to the agreed maximum. and satisfy himself that the arrangement is correct in everyway.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 17 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS On completion of tank inspection and hose connections. design pressures and the ship’s personnel ability to handle the loading rate without risk of overflow. heating coils and drop lines are submerged. and when all preloading precautions have been taken. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. Capacity of vapour or vent lines Capacity and the required ullage in cargo tanks Nature of Cargo Generation and accumulation of electrostatic charge: Initial loading rate should not exceed a linear velocity of 1 m/s until the bottom longitudinals. and that all drains & openings of pump and line are closed. Prior to start of loading the chief officer should inspect the Vessel line set up. into pumprooms. PIPELINE DIA LODING RATE 100 mm 30 cub m / hr 150 mm 65 cub m / hr 200 mm 115 cub m / hr Thereafter loading rate can be increased to 7 m/s. The turbulence in the tank is thus considerably reduced and fewer static charges are generated. The Chief Officer should check all tanks including empty ones to ensure that cargo is entering into the correct tanks properly and that there is no leakage from the lines. and until Vessel is also ready in every respect. 4. vapour return system. Tanks not being loaded must be frequently checked for any change in level. Remote gauges should only be used for cross-reference. the flow must be stopped on shore and not by shutting Vessel's valves. This will require a request to the shore to reduce the rate and shall take into account time required to effect such reduction. If the high level alarms are being activated at an unexpected time. the following should be practiced. Such valves must not be closed completely or rapidly unless another tank is open to receive the flow.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. the loading operation must be stopped and the matter should be investigated and corrected prior resumption of loading operation. Final topping off ullage of the tank as per Paragraph 4. Shore personnel must be instructed to slow the loading rate when finally topping off tanks. 4.both internal & external is verified to be in order. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 18 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. Portable UTI/MMC ullage gauges should be used for "topping-off". The Vessel should be kept upright as far as possible during topping operations and thereafter until completion of loading. The number of valves to be closed during "topping-off" should be reduced to a minimum. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) The flow of cargo to tanks must be controlled by the tank delivery valve. to provide two valve separation.4. the availability of a "crash tank" will provide space to .4. Tanks where loading has been completed should be isolated from others by two (2) valves segregation. so that a tank being "toppedoff" cannot be closed off.11 of this manual. If a valve failure or major leak is experienced. or manifold valves of specific tanks. where possible. Ship tank valves should not be used to reduce the rate as this can lead to pressure surges or excessive pressure in the system. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. After "topping-off" individual tanks master valves should be shut. A High level alarm must never be ignored/bypassed or powered off. whichever is applicable (unless loading overall). One tank in each grade should always be kept slack as a "Dump tank" or a ‘Crash Tank”. The loading rate should be reduced to a safe level.11. On completion of loading the cargo.12 Topping Off Procedures The following points are to be considered during “topping off”: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) The pre-loading meeting must include agreement on the arrangements and notice required for "topping-off". The final stages of tank filling should be well staggered to ensure that only one tank is being "topped-off" at any one time. Communications .11 Control of Flow When loading two or more tanks simultaneously with the same grade of cargo. especially in conditions with little or no wind. 4. Any deviation from the above to be noted on the appropriate cargo document and protest noted accordingly.4. the flow must be stopped on shore and not by shutting Vessel’s valves. Strong wind may create low pressure on the lee side of deckhouses or other structures. All the vessel’s valves must be shut thereafter. In case of composite sampling at load port the same method should be adopted at the discharge port. First foot in each tank. Final tank sample on completion of loading / Composite sample in case two or more tanks are loaded with same parcel. Obtain pump stack sample for sensitive cargoes like methanol. On completion of loading. . These samples may be obtained from the attending surveyor.4 / 5 of this manual for guidance on storage. etc.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01.4. if not available then vessel must arrange own crew for above samples. The times of sampling and final ullaging must be recorded in the time sheet. and thereby cause vapour to be carried in that direction.14 Final Ullage The final ullage is to be calculated by the Chief officer taking into account.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. The "Dump tank" would always be the final tank to be loaded. prior cargo is allowed to enter the tank.5 VAPOUR DISPERSAL Most chemical vapours are heavier than air. ethanol. (Refer to Section 6. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 19 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 9) divert the flow during an emergency reduction in rate or complete stoppage.13 Sampling and Ullaging The chief officer must ensure that the following samples are taken during loading operations for retention on board: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Manifold sample at the commencement of loading for each product.13 of this manual. Final ullages should be taken in conjunction with the shipper's representative (Surveyor). All samples taken should be properly labelled and sealed and stowed in the dedicated sample locker. MEG. On completion of loading the cargo. sampling and retention of cargo samples. 4. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Samples may be taken at the shore manifold if above not possible. limitations as mentioned in Section 3. so cargo vapours released during loading and gas freeing may accumulate in the lower areas on deck. the tank(s) should be gauged and the quantity calculated.) 4. The ship’s personnel must be aware of such accumulation of cargo vapours.2. To avoid possible future troubles. known as water hammer or liquid hammer) resulting from rapid operation of the valve must be emphasized upon all personnel involved in cargo operations.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. LINE FLUSHING Surveyors should be consulted to confirm the method and necessary time for line flushing. sequence of operations. the cargo quantity for flushing and whether such flushing is to be stopped by ship’s order or by shore order.8 COMPLETION OF LOADING On completion of loading all cargo lines are drained empty of the product and thereafter all cargo valves are to be shut. sampling method and positions. the valves on the tank about to receive cargo should be fully open before valves of tank to be isolated are shut. when the flow is diverted from one tank to another. Cargo hoses and arms should be cleared as agreed. The surge can be dangerous if the change in the flow rate is too rapid. 3. pumps to be stopped or pump discharge valves shut before manifold valves or valves in the shore pipeline are shut. the flow should be stopped by the terminal using shore valves and not by shutting of ship’s manifold. On completion of loading. 4. Tank and . The potential hazards of pressure surges (shock pressure. needs to be confirmed. there may be a rupture leading to extensive spillage. and should only be disconnected from the manifold after they have been drained of the cargo residues and relieved of pressure.6 PRESSURE SURGE A pressure surge is generated in a pipeline system when there is any change in the rate of flow of liquid in the line. The following precautions should be taken to avoid pressure surge during cargo transfer: 1. If the total pressure generated in the pipeline exceeds the strength of any part of the pipeline system upstream of the valve which is closed. The cargo hose is most vulnerable to failure in these circumstance.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 4 PT. 4. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 20 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . valve handling operations and other important matters should be conveyed to all crewmembers concerned by posting such instructions in the control room. To prevent flushing cargo from entering irrelevant tanks by erroneous operation. Appropriate allocation of crewmembers and means of communication between the deck and the control room should be determined beforehand for smooth operations. 2. the tank numbers to be flushed.7 Shut down procedures should be in place. During loading. 10 SHIP AND SHORE CARGO CONNECTIONS As a general rule. Their safe working pressure must not below the maximum pressure which Vessel or shore pumps may generate.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. hoses must be: 1. Care should be taken that they are not crushed between Vessel and shore / barge / vessel. changes if any. and in accordance with the terms of Charter parties. 4. if being used during loading for certain cargoes. The chief officer must inspect the hoses (Vessel or shore) and satisfy himself that they are suitable for the intended purpose and correctly bonded. If the vessel is scheduled to shift to another berth for next cargo.5 times of the safe maximum working pressure (at least 10 bar in case of the requirements of 33 CFR 156. Of sufficient length to allow for Vessel's movement.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. the vessel should then notify the agents of such time and check her schedule as to departure. terminal hoses will be used for the connection between ship and shore. In the interests of safety. When used.9 CHECKING VESSEL SCHEDULE AFTER LOADING The agents should be informed promptly by the vessel of any change in the estimated time of completion of loading. the risk of hoses bursting and pollution by release of cargo or bunkers must be reduced to minimum before loading / discharging cargo from / to the shore or another vessel. ullage and sighting ports to be closed and secured. 4.170). However. Also it is the terminals responsibility to connect and disconnect shore hose on the vessel’s manifold. Correctly connected with full bolts and supported. 2. P/V valves and vent lines to be checked to confirm that they are clear and not blocked with cargo. 5. especially when it is extended by unsupported reducer piece. Inspected regularly for leaks or damage by appearance and by hydrostatic pressure of not less than 1. As the loading progresses exact time of completion should be determined. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . there may be some exceptions where connection and disconnection must be done by the ship’s crew. Improvised arrangements using G-clamps. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 21 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS Butterworth hatches. Every effort must be made to avoid chafing damage (Rubber pads may be used to prevent chafing). 4. as compared to the initial plan should be checked through agents. 3. . Prevented from putting excessive strain on the manifold. or similar devices must not be allowed for flange connections. etc. sizes of cargo hoses. shifting. regarding the vessel berthing side to berth or barges coming alongside. etc. Maximum allowable working pressure / Temperature range. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . If nitrogen is used to clear the cargo hose after loading a cargo treated with an inhibitor that depends on oxygen.10. the freeboard of the largest and smallest tankers for which the berth was designed.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 4 PT. 4. 4. Chief officer must ensure that there is sufficient space in the tank or tanks to accommodate the quantity of product in the shoreline. 7. Refer to Section 5. each cargo hose must be marked with the following: a. The hoses should be installed with gaskets which are suitable for the chemical product to be handled.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. Allowance should be given to “Wove Effect”.10. Date of the last test required by CFR 33. On completion of cargo operation. b. Effectively blanked off before the hose is lifted back ashore.7 of Chemical Tanker Safety Guide (ICS) for further guidance. . Additionally blowing through or pigging could cause an increase in pressure in the tank and therefore precautions against over pressurisation must be taken. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 22 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 6. which causes a virtual rise of the liquid in the tank and settles down later. The hose end flanges should be covered with blank flanges. limited changes in horizontal position due to drift-off and ranging. should always be on board. and maximum and minimum spacing when operating with other arms in the bank.170 (Annual Test) List of chemicals which can be handled by the hoses. To comply with current IMO regulations and CFR of USA. it is essential to minimise the introduction of gas (which will bubble up through the cargo) into the tank. the words “Chem Service” and for Oil products "Oil service". If metal cargo arms (sometimes referred to as hard arms) are used: . care should be taken to minimise the volume of nitrogen entering the tank. c. -Mechanical loading arms should be supported in such a way that they do not put excessive force on the manifold.1 CLEARING OF SHORE PIPELINES The shorelines may have to be cleared after completion of loading by the use of air or inert gas or by use of a scraper (Pigging). minimum and maximum distances that manifolds are set back from the deck edge.2 Clearing of Cargo Hoses When clearing the line after loading a static accumulator cargo. 156. For Chemical cargoes. the hose should be well drained and cleaned including light steaming.The installation arrangements will have taken account of 'tidal range. 4. Overfilling of the tank with liquid. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . During the disconnection of the hose or loading arm. especially in the cargo hose or loading arm between ship and shore. Choked flame screens / arrestors Incorrect setting / Failure of the tank vapour line valve. The consequences may result in serious structural deformation of the tank structure and its peripheral bulkheads or catastrophic failure which could seriously affect the structural integrity and can lead to fire. Failure or seizure of the tank P/V valve. Causes of tank over / under pressurization: 1. 5. The hazards associated with supply of Inert Gas (usually nitrogen) to ship are particularly important on chemical tankers. explosion and pollution.3 Disconnection of Cargo hoses After the transfer of cargo is complete. Loading the tank at a rate exceeding the maximum venting capacity. 3. residues or scales.10.11 TANK OVER PRESSURISATION AND UNDER PRESSURISATION Over pressurization of the cargo or ballast tanks is caused by the compression of ullage space due to non-release of vapour or due to overfilling of the tank. Ice forming on vents in cold weather. 4.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. with emphasis on a clear understanding of the transfer rate and pressure. 2. 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. Personnel engaged in hose disconnection should wear appropriate protective equipment suitable to the cargo involved. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 23 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. Nitrogen may be supplied at a high pressure and at a high flow rate and therefore agreement on the procedure for handling nitrogen is paramount. Restriction in the tank vent / vapour line caused by wax. . Disconnection must take place only after draining of cargo residues and relief of pressure. established procedures should be followed to minimise residues in the line. Inert Gas (for Drying. there is a possibility that the cargo containment system will be breached for a short duration of time and therefore must be performed with utmost care. Under pressurization is caused due by not allowing air / inert gas into a tank while the liquid is being discharged or the rate of discharge being significantly higher than the rate of air/ inert gas being introduced in the tank. 3. In addition over pressurization can also be caused due to: 1. Inerting or padding) being supplied to ship’s tanks at high flow rate / pressure from shore. The Vessel must be in full control of the entire purging operation. Gate-type manifold valves are not very effective for controlling the flow of gases like Nitrogen and therefore should only be used for starting and stopping the flow of Nitrogen. Results of inspections and maintenance as mentioned above are to be recorded. prior each loading operation. Following to be strictly followed 1. it expands within the tank and the vent system alone may not be able to cope up with the escape of existing atmosphere in the tank leading to Overpressure. The tank pressure sensors should be set and activated at the required level and the pressure must be continuously monitored to avoid exceeding the maximum allowed. if any. The Chief Officer is responsible for testing of Pressure Sensors or other Secondary means of pressure / vacuum relief.12 DISCHARGING 4. Therefore to avoid such overpressure. the Cargo tank lid must be left open during nitrogen supply from shore. When a liquid is being loaded into a tank under pressure.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01.1 Precaution Prior to Discharging Cargo Handling Plan . 3. The Master must ensure that an agreement is reached with terminal as regards the maximum transfer rate and pressure of nitrogen. On chemical tankers vent lines are to be washed after carriage of Polymerizing and solidifying cargoes. when a gas is introduced into the tank from the filling line under pressure. if it is possible to be carried out with safety. These are to be tested by using the test kit at least once every Six months. the existing atmosphere in the tank can escape through the vent system. However. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 4. The Chief Officer is responsible for testing of Overfill / High level alarms prior each loading operation.12. 4. Deficiencies on any of the above safeties to be brought to the attention of the company along with plan for rectification / corrective action / requisitions. 2. Particular attention to be paid to valves sticking due to residues on the valve seats and also flame arrestors getting blocked.5 bar overpressure.7 “Tanker safety Guide Chemicals (ICS Publication) for further guidance.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. the flow of nitrogen. The vessel must control start of nitrogen purging. 6. Refer to Section 5. The Chief Officer is responsible for ensuring that P/V valves are routinely inspected / overhauled and tested for proper operation at design pressure at least once every Three months and results of inspections recorded. 5. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 24 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS This operation is potentially hazardous because high pressure gas is being introduced into a tank which is not designed to withstand internal pressure and whose structure may fail at less than 0. 2. Pls note that the above A) 1) and 2) are definitions only and in a practical situation. is at a temperature of less than 10 0 C above its melting point at the time of unloading. Ballasting operations 9. Solidifying Substance: Definition as in MARPOL Annex II: Solidifying substance means a noxious liquid substance which: 1. the Chief Officer is to prepare a Cargo Handling Plan based on the information available. Maximum allowable back pressure and equivalent discharging rate. MSDS sheets give a generic data whereas specific “Melting Point” of the cargo parcel loaded should be obtained. vessel will maintain the highest temperature as per the Shippers “Heating Instructions” (as long as the same is higher than A) 1) and 2). . 3. 5. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 25 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS Prior to arrival at the Terminal. It is very important to obtain the “Melting Point” of the cargo from the Shippers. Venting requirement 6. Bunkering and storing operations 10. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . In the case of substance with a melting point of less than 15 0C .CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. In the case of substance with a melting point of equal to or greater than 15 0C . B. High-Viscosity substance: Definition as in MARPOL Annex II: High-Viscosity substance means a noxious liquid substance in Category X or Y with a viscosity equal to or greater than 50 mPa-s at the unloading temperature. Trim and stress 7. Inert gas requirement 8.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. or 2. Deck watch-manning levels Consideration for discharge temperature for Solidifying or High-Viscosity substances: A. 1. Cargo distribution and quantity to be discharged. is at a temperature of less than 5 0 C above its melting point at the time of unloading. Pumps and lines to be used. Tanks to be discharged. 4. Cargo temperature readings are to be taken from the top.12. ballast tanks and void spaces must be checked for any change in level and ingress of cargo. 5. . In taking ullages and temperatures the following must receive careful attention: 1.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. The ship's draught readings must be taken immediately before commencement of cargo measurement. In the case of a significant discrepancy (0. 4. all other cargo tanks. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . following may be mentioned on the Ullage Reports: If vessel was rolling/pitching during ullaging. and in conjunction with the surveyor / receivers representative ullages and temperatures of all tanks must be taken and cargo quantities calculated. As an additional precaution. 4. MSDS sheets give a generic data whereas specific Viscosity of the cargo parcel loaded should be obtained. checking of trim/list and calculations . Corrections as applicable for the UTI being used must also be considered. As an additional precaution. all precautions as detailed in the International Safety Guide for oil Tankers and Terminals and ICS Tanker Safety Guide Chemicals are to be followed. After the Cargo Handling Plan has been agreed with the Terminal Representative all personnel involved in the cargo transfer operation are to be briefed and the Chief Officer is to issue detailed written instructions in the Cargo Operations Order Book. This may include fresh ullaging.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01.3% of B/L fig) every effort must be made to establish the cause. if there is movement on the surface of the cargo. Care must be taken to ensure the correct ullage datum is being used and that. both manual ullage and gauge readings are to be taken and recorded in the Ullage Report (as applicable). The measured ullages must be corrected for ship's trim and list in accordance with the ship’s ullage tables before extracting the gross quantity for calculation. re-taking of temperatures.12. 4. a true mean ullage is obtained.3 Ullaging / Sampling Prior to Discharge Before commencing discharge of cargo. 3. Samples will be taken as required by the Surveyor or Terminal Representative.2 Precautions Before commencing discharge. The Serial number of the UTI/MMC gauge used for ullaging. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 26 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS It is very important to obtain the Viscosity of the cargo from the Shippers. These figures must be compared to the loading port cargo figures. On vessel’s fitted with remote gauge. 2. middle and bottom of each tank. Precautions must be taken to prevent any spillage. I.G. Refer to Section 4.2.5 Lining up of cargo valves Refer to Section 4. Cargo pumps ready and emergency stops tested. a check should be made to ensure that the section of pipeline between the last valve and the blank does not contain cargo. The C/P may contain a provision guaranteeing a certain rate of discharge. normally pressure of 100 psi at ship’s rail or discharge of entire cargo within 24 hours. care must be taken to secure the ullage/butterworth ports.12.2 The function of any pump is to transfer liquid from one point to another and this involves the use of piping. Such a transfer in a tanker can be divided into two parts: .4 Preparation Prior to Discharge a. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 27 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS After ullaging and sampling. should be protested against.6. Upon commencement of discharge.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01.2 for further guidance / preparations. possibly under pressure.2.6. 4.1 Speed of Discharge The vessel should be ready to discharge on completion of checking cargo figures. Pump room fans are put on well in advance. Before removing a blank flange. entry valves locked open (If Applicable). Cargo tank vents set correctly. b. a written protest should be made as quickly as possible in order to give the installation opportunity to improve on their reception. a cargo pump discharge log is to be started up pressure at manifold is to be noted regularly at intervals not exceeding one hour. Blank flanges removed from manifold connections to be used and identification tag put up at manifold for identification.1 and 4. Any delay encountered from the Terminal in this.6 Pumping Systems 4. c. 4. d.12.12. Some installations are unable to receive at this rate resulting in laytime being exceeded. 4.12. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .12. f.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. To establish proof of excess time used and thereby ensure payment of demurrage. Fire fighting / Pollution prevention equipment in readiness. e. 4. Inert gas system ready. The height of the liquid level in the tank in relation to the pump suction.12. . 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 28 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 1. known as the required Net Positive Suction Head. These factors are beyond the control of the ship provided the design ratings of the pump are maintained. 4.12. The movement of liquid from the tank/ in the tank to the pump.12. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . This is particularly important when operating cargo pumps where the rated capacity is achieved at a relatively high total head. This is a function of the pump and installation design.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. This is an area where the efficient operation of the pumps is essential if optimum results are to be obtained.2 Discharge valves Either adjusting the pump discharge valve and/or restricting the pump speed can achieve control of a centrifugal pump. 4.7. Where the flow to the pump suction falls below the pumping rate cavitation will occur with the possibility of loss of suction and pump damage. certain pressure must exist at the pump suction. Since no centrifugal pump can generate a total vacuum at its suction inlet. The onward movement of the liquid from the pump to its destination.7 Submerged Centrifugal Pumps Centrifugal pumps do not suck liquids. only a proportion of the atmospheric pressure can be usefully employed. before a pump can operate satisfactorily.7. The major factors influencing pumping performance are discussed below. The discharge control valve has three main functions: 1. 2. 4. They can be used to regulate pumping rates in variable and constant speed pumps and to prevent overloading in constant speed pumps. The factors which cause liquid to flow to the pump are: Pressure acting on the surface of the liquid. Operation of these pumps with a low total head can grossly exceed the pumps’ rated capacity and cause excessive liquid velocities in piping systems.1 Control and Operation of Centrifugal Pumps During operation consideration must be given to the prevailing suction and discharge conditions in relation to the pumps’ performance characteristics. They can be used in conjunction with self priming systems to provide a self priming capability in centrifugal pumps. The flow of liquid to and from the pump should be matched exactly and this requires the flow on the suction side to be equal or greater than the discharge rate of the pump.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. 2. Therefore. They can be used to reduce the throughput of a pump and so reduce the Nett Positive Suction Head required. 4.7.12. In a centrifugal pump bubbles can form with great rapidity at the pump suction and may be carried away to regions of higher pressure within the pump. Erosion of metallic surface which. Vibration. This effect. Reciprocating pumps are mainly used for stripping tanks and Screw pumps as specialised cargo pumps.12.8. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 29 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 3.8 Positive Displacement Pumps This type of pump includes ‘reciprocating’ and ‘screw’ type pumps. more commonly. 4. The bubbles then collapse rapidly and in the process of collapsing create a hammer effect.12.8. If these pumps are allowed to race considerable damage may occur to the valve seats and valve plates causing unnecessary breakdown and costly delay. b.3 Cavitation A pump is said to cavitate when the pressure at the pump suction has fallen to such an extent that bubbles of vapour are formed in the fluid being pumped.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. 4.12.7. These type of pumps are generally not employed for handling chemicals. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 4. ensure that there is no back flow from one tank to another due to imbalance in delivery pressure or mishandling of valve. may create flow disturbances. though minute. if severe.1 Reciprocating Pumps Precaution must be taken to avoid racing if necessary by slowing the pump. if repeated frequently. as well as the cavitation itself.2 Screw Pumps They give a steady flow but are less efficient than reciprocation pumps because of the large areas with running clearance exposed to differential pressure between .4 Discharging Using More Than One Pump When cargo is being discharged from more than one tank simultaneously through the common line or jumping hose. can be a problem and include: a. 4. which may damage the pump or. the instrumentation connected with the pump and installation. may cause damage to the pump. The residual effects of cavitation.12.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. 4. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Before clutching in a screw pump the pump shaft is to be turned by hand to ensure free movement of the pump motors. b.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01.9 Commencement of Discharge Particular vigilance must be exercised at the commencement of cargo and associated operations.12. the Chief officer should check: a. and that there is no leakage.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. the discharging speed can be increased to achieve the maximum back pressure at the manifold agreed between Vessel and shore. cofferdams or onto the deck or the sea. c. Wear increases the clearance with consequent loss of efficiency. until it is established that the required results are being achieved. and no others. It must always be verified that cargo is being discharged from the required tanks.8. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 30 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS suction and discharge.3 Operation The suction and discharge valves of a positive displacement pump must always be open before starting the pump and must remain open until the pump is stopped. pumprooms. The back pressure as agreed between Vessel and Shore is not being exceeded. Safety precautions Nature of the cargo . Pressure relief devices must be checked at regular intervals to ensure their correct operation. b. ensure there is no back flow from one tank to another due to imbalance in delivery pressure or mishandling of valve. Discharging should start at a slow rate. It must also be verified that pressures in pipelines and venting systems are normal. When cargo is being discharged from more than one tank simultaneously through the common line or jumping hose. 4.12. These pumps must not be operated in excess of their design speed and particular care must be taken to avoid these pumps over speeding when they lose suction. taking the following into account: a. This is to ensure that in case one of these tanks to be discharged starts filling up the duty officer is alerted by the high level alarm. Once the pumps have started. As a good tanker practice lower the levels of all the tanks with the same cargo to be discharged below the 90% level at the commencement of discharge and then follow the normal discharging sequence. No cargo is leaking into other tanks. When everything has been confirmed to be in order. especially when handling low viscosity liquids. ullages and dips of all tanks must be taken in conjunction with the receiver’s representative or surveyor. the discharging hose is normally disconnected. and the quantity discharged / remaining on board calculated.13 TRIM AND LIST OF VESSEL At final stage of discharging (Stripping and / or squeezing / sweeping) the cargo. as the voyage under normal circumstances is said to be completed once the hoses have been disconnected. 4.14 TANK INSPECTION Upon completion of discharge the cargo tanks will be inspected by receiver’s representative or surveyor accompanied by the chief officer to determine whether the tanks have been properly drained after discharge and then issue a Tank Inspection Certificate. In case of vegetable/animal oils. After completion of tank inspection. Location of tank suctions in tank may require the vessel to be listed for effective stripping. In order not to delay the start of stripping and squeezing operations. d. Manpower available Working pressure of cargo hoses and Vessel's lines Tanks are to be discharged as quickly as possible to achieve the back-pressure agreed between Vessel and shore. When part cargo remains onboard for discharge elsewhere. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 31 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS c. or by controlling discharging sequences. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . correct trim and list is essential to achieve maximum out-turn in minimum time. wherein small amounts of cargo may be left around the suction well. 4. and moorings be adjusted accordingly. Time of disconnection is very important for vessels on voyage charter. Trim and List should not be less than that specified in the P & A manual. The results of this survey will largely determine whether Receivers / Charterers have a valid claim against the vessel. Heated cargoes must be kept at required temperatures to ensure the best possible discharge rate and a minimum of residues in the tank. 4. it is highly desirable the remains in the tanks are described as unpumpable residues. On no account should Vessel touch the sea bottom. Excessive list should be avoided.15 OUTTURN Cargo tanks should be discharged and stripped in accordance with the vessel’s P & A manual.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. . correct trim and list should be achieved by ballasting or transferring ballast between tanks.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. Cargoes which react dangerously with water must never be drained into a wet tank or containing water. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 32 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. nor should water be used for cleaning such lines and tanks unless required procedure is followed and necessary precautions are taken. When the lines are cleared by draining the cargo residue into other tanks. especially if the cargo has a high freezing point or is of polymerizing nature. Steam to heating coils is to be stopped to prevent scorching. . which are summarized in Vessel's P & A Manual. This is required in order to push the semiliquid cargo towards the pump suction to complete the discharge. to be considered and necessary precautions taken.17 SWEEPING (SQUEEZING) OF CARGO TANKS Prior to completion of discharge of Animal and Vegetable oils. The cargo residue and cleaning washings must be disposed as per the requirements of MARPOL Annex II. as soon as a cargo operation has been completed. The cargo hoses and cargo lines including common line are to be drained as much as possible. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Pressure on the cargo hoses and lines is to be released prior to disconnection. 3. not always during putrefaction. Oxygen content monitored and maintained at 21%. 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. Tank is well ventilated with a forced draught fan. In the case of heated cargoes. maintaining the cargo temperature properly assists draining. Tank atmosphere checked to ensure no carbon monoxide (CO) present. 4. Following to be ensured prior man entry: 1. 4. Despite the natural origins of cargo. the practice of sweeping (squeezing) the cargo tanks are quite common to maximise out-turn.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. On completion of discharge all lines and tanks are to be stripped as dry as possible to ensure that the maximum amount of cargo is delivered and “in transit” losses are minimized.16 CARGO RESIDUE Draining and Stripping If sediment has not been allowed to accumulate and if the ship is properly trimmed no difficulty should be experienced in draining tanks. it is essential that safety precautions are observed on every occasion that personnel are sent into the tanks. the tanks should have sufficient ullage to accept it. Potential dangers due to gases generated by these cargoes. Segregation of the cargo residue is to be maintained from those which react dangerously when mixed. 4. The test is carried out on the following occasions unless specified otherwise by the pump manufacturer’s manual. and is to be used to augment fixed pumping system. space flooding and salvage operations. water etc as specified in the pump manufacturer’s manual. . After completion of cargo tank cleaning 1 or 2 days after loading Before unloading After unloading Results of tests must be recorded in Purging Log Form and submitted to Company.18 LEAK TEST OF SUBMERGED CARGO PUMP Submerged cargo pumps are to be tested for leakage of their mechanical seals and cofferdam with compressed air of suitable pressure as per the maker's instruction (about 2. Responsible person in attendance at the tank entrance throughout the sweeping operation. the use of portable cargo pump for ordinary cargo discharging is restricted or prohibited for safety reason. Portable pump must be tested every 3 months and results of tests must be recorded and reported to Company.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. After the leak test.19 PORTABLE CARGO PUMP The hydraulically driven portable cargo pump kept on board Vessel is considered to be a part of the standard cargo handling equipment. Tank well illuminated. 4.0kg/cm 2). thereby adding a further dimension to pump flexibility. 6. 3. maker’s manuals for "PORTABLE CARGO PUMP" should be referred for testing of the pump prior to use and reporting. In certain countries. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 33 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 5. 1. harness to be kept at the tank entrance. Self-contained breathing apparatus. 2. lifeline. ready for mmediate use. the cofferdams are to be kept pressurized with the tank test air.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. When portable cargo pump is used. 7. The test is required to identify the amount of hydraulic oil or cargo which leaked from the mechanical seals into the cofferdams. 4. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Such a pump has a further application as an emergency system on occasions of main pump breakdown. Enclosed space entry procedures (Section SAF-sft-05 & Permit D001) to be complied with and entry checklist to be filled up. Nitrogen is most commonly used.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. as remote as possible from the point at which the inert gas enters the tank. Purging before Loading After loading Topping up during Loaded Passage. b. it might be necessary to add nitrogen to create an effective blanket on the cargo.3 Loading an Inerted tank Nitrogen must be shut off before loading commences. When filling an inerted tank.20 INERTING Cargo tanks on chemical tankers are usually purged or cargoes carried under inert conditions for reasons of reactivity or quality control. tank cleaning hatch or other opening. Inerting is continued until the oxygen content of the tank atmosphere is reduced to safe limit.20. padding also may create risk for tank rupture.2 Purging before Loading The most effective and quickest way to achieve purging before loading is if the displaced air is allowed to leave the tank through a purging port.20. the inert gas that is displaced should be vented through the tank high velocity venting system.1 The Inerting Operation can be divided into six phases: a. 4. . When inerting is carried out to prevent a dangerous chemical reaction. Refer to Section 6. Inerting of a cargo tank generally refers to replacement of the air in the tank by an inert gas. e. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 34 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. This mixture of inert gas and flammable/toxic cargoes is no less toxic or flammable and therefore all necessary precautions to be taken. c. 4. it may be necessary to return the mixture of inert gas and cargo vapour to shore facilities. Discharging Tank Cleaning Gas Freeing. Like Purging.20.14 for further guidance.11 for guidance on prevention of tank over pressurisation.20. 4. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Refer to Section 4. f. 4. d.4 Padding of Loaded Tanks After the tank loading has been completed.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. Frequent checks of the oxygen content in the area should be carried out. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 35 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. Precautions must therefore be taken to prevent the ingress of air into the tank. provided air is not allowed to enter.20. 4. However if the cargo is inerted for quality reasons. .5 Loaded Passage The oxygen content is unlikely to increase in an inerted tank.20. Care must be taken that air does not enter the tank if the stripping removes cleaning liquid faster than what the cleaning machines introduce. may be washed as normal with fixed washing or portable washing machines. then such checks are not necessary unless specific instructions are provided by the Shipper. through the vacuum side of P/V valve. A decrease may be expected with volatile cargoes due to further vaporisation of the cargo with subsequent displacement of inert gas / oxygen from the tank. if so.20.20. tank lid etc. discharge rate must be reduced. 4.8 Gas Freeing The area near the tank outlet of a tank being gas freed may be oxygen deficient. The access to deck must be restricted during such operations. the oxygen content in the tank must be monitored once a day unless different requirements are issued. which need to be cleaned in an inert condition. If the cargo has been inerted for reactivity or safety reasons.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. particularly in still conditions with little or no wind.7 Tank Cleaning of Inerted tanks Tanks.6 Discharge of Inerted Tanks Some cargoes like Isocynates or oxygen sensitive products (Hexene-1) will require that the vapour space be replaced with nitrogen or vapour returned from shore tank. Such testing must be done using a method which does not involve opening the ullage space. 4.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The tank cleaning medium in most cases will be a medium other than water. A slight positive pressure by inert gas in the tank will prevent air from entering. The tank pressure must be carefully monitored to avoid vacuum in the tank. thereby setting up very large surge pressures which can cause line. This can create a closing force which may shear either the valve spindle in the case of butterfly valves. Due regard should be given to the possible dangers associated with any emergency shutdown procedure. the final valve to be opened should be that at the shore tank end of the system.22 BUTTERFLY AND NON-RETURN (CHECK) VALVES Butterfly and pinned back non-return valves in ship and shore cargo systems have been known to slam shut when cargo is flowing through them at high rates. The incorrect operation of pumps and valves can produce pressure surges in a pipeline system. This should include the closure period of remote controlled and automatic shutdown valves. or fully withdrawn from. Where the risk of pressure surges exists.CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. hoses or metal arms. or the hold open pin in the case of pinned back nonreturn valves. These surges may be sufficiently severe to damage the pipeline. Pressure surges are produced upstream of a closing valve and may become excessive if the valve is closed too quickly. 4. information should be exchanged and written agreement reached between the tanker and the terminal concerning the control of flow rates. although the discharge valve of a centrifugal pump may be kept closed until the pump is up to speed and the valve then opened slowly. It is therefore important to check that all such valves are fully open when they are passing cargo or ballast. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . They are more likely to be severe where long pipelines and high flow rates are involved. either the valve on the second tank must be opened before the valve on the first tank is closed. and pump speeds. This should be stressed to all personnel responsible for cargo handling operations both on the tanker and at the terminal. In general.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. or metal arm failures and even structural damage to jetties. the flow when in the open position. the rate of valve closure.21 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN PLAN An emergency shutdown procedure should be agreed between the ship and the terminal and recorded on an appropriate form. The agreement should designate those circumstances in which operations must be stopped immediately. 4. hose. In the case of ships loading by gravity. These failures are usually due to the valve disc not being completely parallel to. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 36 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. If the flow is to be diverted from one tank to another. valves at the downstream end of a pipeline system should as a general rule. all valves in the transfer system (both ship and shore) should be open before pumping begins.23 VALVE OPERATION To avoid pressure surges. One of the most vulnerable parts of the system is the ship to shore connection. where pumps are used for cargo transfer. not be closed against the flow of liquid except in an emergency. These arrangements should be included in the operational plan. . or pumping should be stopped while the change is being made. 2012 Rev/Isue: 00/01 Page 37 of 37 CARGO HANDLING OPERATIONS 4. ullages and temperatures of the concerned cargo tanks are to be taken and a new ullage sheet drawn up and conveyed to all parties. to change stowage or for the safety of the vessel and her crew. A record is to be made in the Cargo / Oil Record Book Part II as applicable on completion of the internal transfer.24 INTERNAL TRANSFER OF CARGO It is our strict policy not to carry out the unauthorized transfer of cargo internally after closing gauging has been carried out by surveyors in port. the Master is to advise us and charterers / owners of the cargo of his intention prior transfer.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO PT. In this case. . The Master is to confirm the quantities / ullages of all other cargo tanks not involved in the internal transfer to ensure they are intact. On completion of the transfer. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS COM-CT / 4 August 01. At times it may be required to transfer cargo internally while on passage to attain a desired trim. The Master should receive written instructions from charterers / owners of the cargo prior to commencement of internal transfer. The procedures as mentioned in the P & A manual on board must be fully complied with respect to environmental aspects of removal and disposal of residues from cargo tanks as also the Mandatory pre wash as required by MARPOL Annex II. Planning a tank cleaning operation is the key to successful cleaning. However. Master must ensure that personnel involved in the operation are made fully aware of the dangers and take necessary precautions. which is growing more and more competitive each day.1 August 01. safety of personnel. property and process should be kept above all commercial considerations. Planning the cleaning operation should be kept in mind even before loading the cargo.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. particularly the latter. and rigorous precautions should be observed throughout the operation. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 32 TANK CLEANING GENERAL Tank cleaning and Gas freeing is probably the most hazardous operation routinely undertaken on a chemical tanker. Enormous variety of chemical and oil products are transported on Chemical tankers and due to this variety next cargo is almost never identical with the previous cargo.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING SECTION 5 : 5. The need to clean tanks and associated cargo lines is thus derived from the requirement of cargo quality assurance to avoid contamination. environment. . Fundamental understanding of the nature and characteristics of the cargo is essential to the efficient cleaning of tanks. govern the type and extent of cleaning. as the consequences of an inadvertent error can be very serious and far reaching. to avoid potentially adverse effects from adjacent cargoes. Personnel must be trained in the use and limitations of the equipment and materials used. The nature and characteristics of the previous cargo and that of the cargo to be loaded. Being able to clean effectively at short notice and in the shortest possible time is an increasingly important factor in the market. Critical point is to select the proper cleaning method together with the correct application needed and the right mechanical aids for the job. In many cases it will be necessary to clean tanks very thoroughly after discharge of previous cargo and to prepare them for an entirely different cargo. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . When there is a need to maintain an inert atmosphere during tank washing. In all other cases.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. However.2.2.2 Cleaning in a non-inert atmosphere: . Some cargoes carried under an inert blanket are not flammable but the atmosphere is inerted for cargo quality reasons. Washing should be stopped to clear any build-up of wash water. Before each tank is washed.2.1. the following points should be observed: The purity and pressure of the inert gas being delivered during the washing process should be monitored.1 Cleaning of a Tank which has previously contained a Flammable product 5. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 32 TANK CLEANING PRINCIPLES The choice of method to be used in cleaning tanks is primarily governed by the type of cargo of which the residue is to be removed. washing should be stopped until satisfactory conditions are restored. gradual decay of the inert atmosphere during cleaning is acceptable.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING 5. the oxygen level in the tank should be determined both at a point about 1 metre below the deck and at the midlevel of the ullage space.1 Cleaning in an inert atmosphere: Although the atmosphere in a properly inerted tank is incapable of burning. 5. Connections should not be broken until after the machine has been removed from the tank. 5. The tank should be kept drained during washing. the following precautions should be observed: When portable washing machines are used. the oxygen level in the inert gas supply exceeds 8% by volume or the pressure of the atmosphere in the tank is no longer positive. to allow draining of a hose. during washing. and the procedure of cleaning should be decided in consideration of the physical and chemical characteristics of cargo.2 August 01. At neither location should the oxygen level exceed 8% by volume.1. a coupling may be partially opened and then retightened before the machine is removed. In this case. If. all hose connections should be made up before the washing machine is introduced into the tank. if the inert atmosphere is not maintained then the procedures used and precautions taken should be as for an undefined atmosphere. 5. because it may increase the generation of static electricity. including cargo pumps. Washing should be stopped to clear any build-up of wash water. 1.2. This operation may not be necessary if the ship is fitted with an efficient stripping system. crossovers and discharge lines. The total water throughput per cargo tank should be kept as low as practicable and must in no case exceed 110m3 per hour.3 Cargoes For cleaning purposes. especially under varying atmospheric and thermal conditions.. all hose connections should be prepared before the washing machine is introduced into the tank. and no nozzle may have a throughput greater than 17. No other material that may create a spark or static electricity should be lowered into the tank. Steam should not be injected into the tank.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. the following precautions should be taken if the risk from static electricity is to be eliminated: Before washing. Ropes made of synthetic fibres should not be used to support the tank cleaning machines. to allow draining of a hose. However. should also be flushed with water. When portable washing machines are used. the tank bottom should be flushed with water and stripped. Recirculated wash water should not be used. Mineral Oils . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . No machine may have a throughput greater than 60m3 per hour. in addition. Sounding rods and other equipment must be introduced through a sounding pipe reaching close to the bottom of the tank and earthed to it. The piping system.5 below should be followed. The tank should be kept drained during washing. The flushing water should be drained to the tank designated to receive slops. Connections should not be broken until after the machine has been removed from the tank. a coupling may be partially opened and then re-tightened before the machine is removed. and the cargo tank and pipelines have been stripped as detailed in the ship’s Proce&ures and Arrangements Manual. cargoes can be classified into three groups:The three categories can be further subdivided into various grouping according to their origin. If a sounding pipe is not used then the additional precautions in paragraph 7. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 32 Good tanker practice will avoid all normal sources but.5m3 per hour.1.3.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. physical characteristics and chemical behaviour. Jet Fuel. Naptha. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .g. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 32 These oils may be divided into two groups for cleaning procedure according to the physical and chemical characteristics of product. LISTS SOME OF OILS IN ABOVE 4 GROUPS (This list of oils shall not be considered as comprehensive) .CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. Animal. Lubricating oils 2. etc. In other respects they are similar to natural oils. Fats are natural organic products with a freezing point at or below 20oC (86oF). Kerosene. The four groups are: Non-drying oils (Iodine value: less than 100) Semi-drying oils (Iodine value: 100 ~ 130) Drying oils (Iodine value: more than 130) Water soluble products Drying or semi-drying oils will adhere to the tank surface in the form of a thin hard (varnish) film if the tank is allowed to become hot or dry.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Fish and Vegetables Oils and Fats These products can be divided into four groups according to their properties and behaviour when exposed to atmospheric conditions and the effect that oxygen has on each products. - Clean Petroleum Product (CPP) e. They can cause blindness if they enter the eyes. while others can be extremely dangerous if mishandled. . Hydrochloric acid is an obvious example.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. Many of these are entirely harmless. and so reach vital organs. Corrosive chemicals can cause severe burns if they contact the skin. Sodium Salt Solution) 3. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 32 DRYING OILS SEMI-DRYING OILS NON-DRYING OILS Candle Nut Oil Fish Oil Linseed Oil Poppyseed Oil Safflower Oil Sesame Oil Soya Bean Oil Tall Oil Tung Oil Babassu Oil Cod Oil Cod liver Oil Cottonseed Oil Rapeseed Oil Sesame Oil Sunflowerseed Oil Whale Oil Wheat Oil Camphor Oil Cashew Nut Oil Castor Oil Coconut Oil Coconut Oil Fatty Acid Ground Nut Oil Hog Grease Lard Oil (Animal) Olive Oil Palm Oil Palm Oil Fatty Acid Palm Kernel Oil Fatty Acid Palm Kernel Oil Rapeseed Oil (Colza) Rice Bran Oil Sheanut Butter Tallow Oil WATER SOLUBLE PRODUCT Molasses Molasses residue (trade name Amix. further problems since some chemicals contain enough oxygen to enable them to burn without additional supplies from the air. Others can be absorbed through the skin into the blood stream. Some chemicals are very dangerous to handle and toxic. Strong alkalies such as caustic soda can have similar effects as those described for acids. but there are others. There are. There are already several hundreds which can be carried by the sea in liquid form. some Chemicals are extremely corrosive. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . chemicals include a vast and complex range of commodities. Follow the instructions and all precautionary warnings when dealing with or handling strong acids or alkalies. Vivasse) Soya Whey Water (Soya Molasses) Lignin Pitch (Lignin Sulphuric Acid. Petrochemicals and Solvents Today. Finally. The risks and precautions in dealing with these products are basically similar to those for petroleum. Protective clothing and goggles are essential with corrosive chemicals. Some vapour must never be inhaled even in the smallest quantities. A complete chemical resistant suit with helmet and respiratory equipment can be required when handling certain obnoxious products.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. These should obviously never be allowed to come into direct contact with the skin. however. 8 below. During washing as far as possible there should be no ballast water or cold cargoes adjacent to the cargo being cleaned and special attention must be given to cargo lines and vapour lines to avoid freezing/solidification at cold line segments. except for some lube additives and polyols. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Flash Point / Flammable range: The pre-cleaning temperature must be well below the flash point and if this is not possible then care must exercised to avoid any and all sources of ignition. High Viscosity Substance: For defininition and pre-discharge requirements. however lines and pumps must be flushed with fresh water as evaporation may be difficult.1 These products should be washed at a temperature of at least 15-20 o C above the melting point.2. Washing must be carried out as soon as possible after discharge. 4. 4. then the cargo will be declared as ‘High Viscosity’and may be subject to pre-wash requirements. Viscosity is proportional to temperature and will decrease at higher temperatures. 5.2 Physical Properties Water Soluble – Miscible products: Water miscible substances are easy to clean with water.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. which must be washed at lower temperatures.12. During washing as far as possible there should be no ballast water or cold cargoes adjacent to the cargo being cleaned and special attention must be given to cargo lines and vapour lines to avoid freezing/solidification at cold line segments. See section 5.12. In case of evaporation the pre-cleaning can be omitted. pls see Section 4. pls see Section 4. These products should be washed at higher temperatures. Vapour Pressure / Boiling point: Products with low boiling point and high vapour pressure (higher than 50mbar at 20 o C) can be removed by evaporation or light cleaning. and the solubility of the substances might increase at higher temperatures. These should be cleaned by water washing and steaming. Products with low vapour pressure.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. Cold wash is recommended for first stage of washing. . or products which leave residues (NVM) or contain inhibitors should never be cleaned by evaporation (ventilation). Washing must be carried out as soon as possible after discharge.1 If the Viscosity of the cargo of category X or Y is equal to or greater than 50 mPa-s at the unloading temperature. Solidifying Substance: For defininition and pre-discharge requirements. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 32 The Selection of the proper pre-cleaning procedure should be based on the Physical Properties and Characteristics of the Product to be cleaned. and a specific gravity more than 1. Heat increases the speed of reaction.0. Such products should be washed with suitable solvents (Refer to Section 8). lines including vent lines must be washed with cold water as soon as possible after discharge to avoid polymerisation by loss of inhibitor protection. which are very difficult to remove. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The solvent as well as the equipment used must be free of any moisture.4 The Role of Tank Cleaning Chemicals The action of chemicals used in tank cleaning can be divided into several different categories. The evaporation of light substances from the mixture could result in non-volatile residues. SOLVENTS Solvents are chemicals which dissolve or solubilize other materials or chemicals. will mean that the product will float on the water.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. In this way residues and deposits are removed from the tank surfaces. Reaction with water: Isocynates (MDI or TDI) must never come in contact with water.3 Product Characteristics: Polymerising Products: The tanks. drying Products: Drying and Semi – Drying vegetable and animal oils react with oxygen to form a varnish like polymeric film. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 32 Specific Gravity: A Specific gravity below 1. 2. which is very difficult to remove. for a product with limited or no solubility. which may be very difficult to remove. Reaction with Oxygen.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Initial washing of these products must be done with water at ambient temperature as soon as possible after discharge. permitting them to be pumped to slop tanks for disposal. SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS (Surfactants) Surface active agents are usually detergents which act to reduce the surface tension of a liquid and thus to improve its wetting and cleaning capabilities.2. as the reaction produces urethane. 5.2. 1. Hot water wash will result in polymeric residues being left in the tank and lines. Evaporation of Volatile Cargoes: Cargoes consisting of mixtures with different vapour pressures should not be cleaned by evaporation (ventilation) or prewashed with hot water. They are . 5.0 will indicate that the product will sink. which is very difficult to remove from bulkheads. Alternatively if insufficient alkali is used the residues are not neutralized and also may be ecologically harmful if discharged from Vessel. fish and vegetable oils being transported around the world today.e. not all of it will be chemically converted in the cleaning process. which in turn gives rise to the milky appearance of the solution. such that particles or globules of it are dispersed and suspended in the other. One liquid is present as extremely small droplets. However. the neutralized residues of this process are readily biodegradable. This suspension often gives a milky appearance. and several different types of emulsifiers are used for removal of a variety of materials. Emulsification is assisted and sustained by chemicals which consist of molecules with one end hydrophilic (water seeking) and the other end lipophilic (oil seeking). VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 32 usually used together with solvents to produce a cleaning solution which aids in the complete removal of tank residues. Utilizing this property an emulsifier makes it possible to remove oily deposits with water. EMULSIFIERS An emulsifier is a surface active chemical which assists to form an emulsion of two liquids.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. Group I Sub-Group MINERAL OILS (A) Clean petroleum product Cleaning Principle Emulsification Detergent Unitor: Sea Clean or equivalent Emulsification Drew: TC-4 . SAPONIFIERS A saponifier is an alkaline chemical which changes oils and fats into soaps by converting the fatty compounds into water soluble materials which are biodegradable and easily flushed away from the surfaces to which they adhere. One minor problem with the above process is to estimate the exact quantity of saponifier required to neutralize these types of residues.. i. etc. if an excessive quantity of alkali is used. such as hydrocarbons. liquid chemicals. 5. if highly concentrated. 4. be harmful to the environment. oil-in-water. The excess remaining is generally not biodegradable and it is possible that this can.5 Cleaning Processes and Detergent for use to each Product Following figure brings together categories of cargo already described and the applicable processes.2. Many products agree to this action. Emulsification does not usually involve chemical change of either solution but merely suspends particles of one product within the other. Strong alkali solutions (NaOH and KOH) are used as saponifying agents together with a variety of other compounds in order to deal effectively with the large variety of animal. Normally. 3. In tank cleaning. however. Soya bean oil In both these cases. (No need) (A) Volatile Evaporation Vecom: B-4 or equivalent (B)LowVolatile Emulsification Gyro: Voyageclean/ Citrosolv Unitor: Enviroclean Saponification Gyro: 3025 (A) Drying (Mild Alkaline) Saponification Gyro: AVO Liquid or equivalent (B) Semi-dry Unitor: Alkleen Liquid Saponification (C) Non-dry And / or In case of any white powder deposits Emulsification on the tank bulkheads use: Unitor: Metal Brightner Gyro: Rust Cleaner Use Metal Brightner. Drying and semi-drying oils such as Safflower oil. two exceptions where it is essential to pre-clean with cold water:a. and reduces the viscosity of most oils.2. Heat accelerates chemical processes to residues of some products.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Polymerizing chemicals such as Styrene Monomar b.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. it is advisable to flush the tanks with cold water as soon as possible after discharging the cargo. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . water temperatures are usually defined as follows:Cold (Ambient) : up to 30oC Luke warm : 30 ~ 35oC Warm : 40 ~ 50oC Hot : 65 ~ 80oC There are. Fatty Acids 5. . dissolves residues. or not using heat. out of using heat to adjust the temperature. Rust Cleaner. use Hydrcarbon cleaner to remove traces of HC. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 9 of 32 (B) Lubricating Oil II CHEMICALS III ANIMAL VEGETABLE & FISH OILS & FATS and / or Gyro: Voyage Clean saponification Vecom: B-4 If next cargo is Hydrocarbon sensitive.6 Heat A very important factor in the efficiency of almost all tanks cleaning operation is to choose. In the latter case various coatings can be used. 5. Water at pressure is delivered by pumps along lines to fixed cleaning machines or to portable machines lowered into the tanks from the deck. Many vegetable and mineral oils polymerize (that is to say their molecule link together into long chains) on heating. As a general rule. leaving a waxy residue. The most useful criterion is the PH range to which a coating is resistant. The most widely used are epoxy-based (organic) paints and zinc silicate (inorganic) paints. Some cargoes. in which case water at moderate temperature may be used. The PH value defines the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale from 0 (extreme acidity) to 14(extreme alkalinity) with PH 7 as the neutral mid-point. Water flow actuates a turbine which causes the . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 5.0.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Cleaning should take place as soon as possible after discharging.3.3 TANK CLEANING SYSTEM AND EQUIPMENT Although hand cleaning may often be necessary after mechanical cleaning to ensure complete removal of all traces of previous cargoes.1 Cleaning Machine The cleaning system is based on the compound rotary cleaning machine. synthetic resin based paints and paints based on inorganic compounds. reliance on hand cleaning alone is not practical except in very small vessels. Most tankers are therefore equipped with mechanical washing systems. while epoxy-based paints have optimum resistance to chemicals over a much wider range. however. therefore.7 Coated Tanks Some ships and their tanks are made of mild steel. it may be assumed that zinc silicate based paints are resistant over the range from PH 6. making the residue much more tenacious. The introduction of heat into the stripped tank causes the lighter fractions to evaporate. Manufacturers of coatings specify the range of PH Values to which a particular coating is resistant. if the pour point is above 20oC the oil is likely to leave wax deposits. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 10 of 32 In the case of mineral oils. including natural and synthetic rubbers. attack mild steel and to prevent the excessive corrosion. tanks to carry such cargoes can be made of either stainless steel or of mild steel with an inert coating. The pour point is often a good indication. The risk of polymerization becomes greater the longer the oil is exposed to air.0 to PH 9. which has a good resistance to many cargoes. The wide use of tank coatings must be considered when chemical cleaning is to be carried out because coating resistance to chemicals varies by type and manufacturer. 5.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01.2. a cold water pre-cleaning should be used if the oil is a kind requiring to be heated on passage. and openings in the deck through which portable cleaning machines can be lowered. 5.3. which have steel shells with tubes and tube sheets of cupro-nickle. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 11 of 32 machine to rotate slowly about the vertical axis. Portable machines have to be lowered in several 'drops' to clean the whole depth of a tank. but can be decreased to 5% if four or more machines are to be used at once. heater. Drops should be arranged so that the tops of frames and side stringers are washed in one drop. The pump. 5. aluminium bronze. This excess capacity should be about 10% if only one or two machines are used at one time. The heater and drain coolers should be of the high-pressure shell and tube type.3 Heaters The heater should have a capacity to heat the quantity of water discharged by the pump from the entering temperature of the water to 85oC (192 oF).2 Pumps Either an independent pump or a cargo pump can be used to supply water under pressure to the fixed or portable tank cleaning machines. Water is ejected through nozzles (usually two.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT.3.3. 5. The parts of the pump through which liquid flows should be constructed of materials which will be durable in hot sea water services. (Surfaces which remain in the 'shadow' of the frames have to be cleaned by hand-spray subsequently). It is desirable to have the rated volume capacity of the pump slightly in excess of the total designed discharge of the number of machines to be used simultaneously.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. pointed in opposite directions) on a head rotating about the horizontal axis. A tank cleaning system comprises also of a pump and heater in the pump room. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .4 Controls and Instruments . The pump should have an automatic means of limiting the discharge pressure and can be provided with a constant-pressure regulator. or similar materials which will have long life in hot sea water service. tank cleaning supply pipelines and hydrants on deck. It is customary to use a heater and drain cooler in combination so that the heat of the condensate from the heater section may be used to minimize steam consumption. the undersides at the next drop. This allows for some temperature loss through pipelines. The heat exchanger is installed in the water supply line on the discharge side of the pump and should be provided with a by-pass. and pipelines should provide the number of tank cleaning machines to be operated at a time with sufficient water at the proper pressure and temperature to permit efficient cleaning under the worst conditions. To ensure satisfactory tank cleaning under severe conditions. to avoid the need for excessive lengths of hose.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 12 of 32 The system should include a liquid level control. 1. no part of the tank should be more than about 9m from a plumb line through the nearest deck opening.7 Associated Equipment In addition to the basic washing system various accessories will be required depending on the extent of the tank. The number and location of these openings are important factors in an efficient tank cleaning installation. .3.3. In tanks capable of using four or more machines at once. The use of a tank hatch in place of a deck opening is not recommended. and a temperature control. An adequate number of hatches properly located will practically eliminate machine spotting and hand hosing. A sufficient number of hose connections should be installed on the water supply line on deck at close enough intervals so that the maximum number of machines to be used in adjacent tanks at one time by connecting hose using short lengths. as the ladder will interfere with the machine and the hose cannot be properly secured. both in the pump room and on deck.5 Tank Cleaning main supply lines The cleaning water lines should be capable of working pressure of 10 kg/cm2 and should be of a size which can carry the maximum discharge from the pump without excessive pressure loss. it may be advisable to install hose connections in pairs.6 Deck Opening Portable tank cleaning machines are admitted through tank cleaning hatches in each tank. Operational mechanical washing machines 2. 5. The following is a typical check list of system and equipment requirements to clean a chemical tanker converting from vegetable oil to mineral oil. and as few surfaces as possible should be shielded from the direct action of a nozzle stream. to maintain the proper level in the cooler. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . As the cleaning effect of any nozzle stream diminishes with distance. 5. Quadrant saddles 3. There should also be thermometers and pressure gauges in the water supply line to the tank cleaning machines.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. with significant savings in tank cleaning time and cost. sufficient openings should be provided to make certain that every part of the tank would be reached. 5.3. Mechanical washing hoses of 15m length each or of 20m length each. to limit the temperature of the cleaning water at the heater outlet to 93oC (200oF). Such an arrangement cannot always be achieved but the principle should be kept in mind when locating the openings. 5. August 01. All cargo tank lids. shore authorities should be advised of the nature of all grades in the previous cargo. 6. and conditions are safe on the jetty 3. are closed. On board it should be ensured that:1.4 PREPARATION FOR TANK CLEANING Before gas freeing or tank cleaning is begun the chief officer should. 5.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING 4. In port. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Scuppers are properly plugged. and any authorized craft that are alongside are warned that cleaning is about to start. if possible and appropriate valves are closed. 1. 5. 5.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. 8. that permission to operate alongside has been granted. in port or when appropriate at sea. No unauthorized work is being done in way the cargo space 2.5 TANK CLEANING STEPS Typically a tank cleaning operation consists of following steps: 1. Notice has been given to the chiefs of departments that operations are about to start. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 13 of 32 Spanner wrenches for connecting hoses Air hose Squeezing paddles Six (or three)-cell safety flashlights. 6. be satisfied that the precautions in gas freeing are being observed and also that. Pre-cleaning 3. ullage opening etc. All cargo lines which are not in use are isolated. 7. 9. Final Cleaning . and sand or spill trays are in place beneath the manifold connections. Clean rags Diaphragm pump with hoses and spray gun. 2. with extra batteries or pneumatic lights. 7. Planning 2. In seeking permission to tank cleaning alongside involving the transfer of washing ashore. to prevent passage of flammable or harmful vapour back to the tank that has been cleaned or gas freed. The valves in common vent systems are properly isolated. No unauthorized craft alongside. except those in the tanks to be cleaned first. 3. 4. Appropriate personnel have been instructed and notified that gas freeing or tank cleaning is about to start. Any necessary hose connections to shore or craft alongside are properly made and supported. tank cleaning hatches. pumps. It follows that cleaning procedures cannot be precisely laid down for every circumstance. The procedure for tank cleaning can include all or a combination of some of the following stages: 5.5. The capabilities and restrictions of available cleaning machines (with particular regards to shadow sectors). usually carried out without cleaning additives. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 14 of 32 4. Surrounding conditions such as outside temperature. etc. It is carried out with fixed or portable tank cleaning machines. In addition cleaning time available taking into account commercial considerations is a major factor which should be considered. In general the cleaning procedure can be determined from the properties and characteristics of the product to be cleaned. heaters etc must be carefully considered. The physical properties and characteristics of the cargoes as mentioned earlier should be reviewed. to remove major amount of product residues from tank structures and outfittings.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT.5. whether SUS or MS coated tanks. adjacent cargo and ballast temperatures must be reviewed. A good preparation will avoid tank failure (rejections) as well as incidents during the operations.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01.2 Precleaning Precleaning tanks is the first cleaning step. the surrounding conditions. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . using sea or fresh water as the cleaning medium. The remaining oil and / or chemical residues will be removed far more easily if cleaning is initiated immediately after the tank has been emptied and before these residues have been allowed to oxidize or polymerize and solidify. next cargoes to be loaded. . However. location of cleaning hatches. seawater temperature. Type and condition of tank coatings. and reflected on the cleaning plan prepared. the exact procedure to be adopted in each case should be decided on an expert survey of the state of the tanks and cleaning equipment and due consideration to weather condition. Verification of tank cleanliness 5.1 Planning Planning a tank cleaning operation is the key to a successful operation and should be kept in mind even before loading the cargo. the available equipment and the requirements of the product to be loaded. During the precleaning period the portable tank cleaning machines should be moved frequently around the tanks (horizontally and vertically) in order that all surfaces are reached. 5. Injection. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Butterworthing Detergent wash Rinsing Flushing Steaming 6. Draining 7. The physical properties and characteristics of the previous cargo and specific requirements of the cargo to be loaded are very important. For precleaning drying oils or polymerizing chemicals. transring. Spraying of Detergent) (Tank washing with seawater/fresh water) (Tank washing with fresh water) (Should not be introduced into tanks containing flammable osphere) (Removing the last traces of liquids) (Airing and gas freeing of tanks) Ventilating.5. Oxidation and polymerization will cause drying oils to harden under the influence of heat and the resultant product will adhere to the tank bulkheads and be very difficult to remove. etc. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 15 of 32 The importance of precleaning cannot be overstressed. 3. which will hinder the cleaning operation. 5. For precleaning oils with a high pour point.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. water 10-15 degrees higher than the pour point should be used. an inspection should be made to ascertain the condition and the degree of cleaning required to render the tanks acceptable for the next cargo. For certain products it is necessary to introduce a detergent into the washing process to accomplish a more effective cleaning.3 Final Cleaning Final cleaning is the sequence of following steps which should be carried out to remove all cargo residues and to reach the required cleaning standards. The steps / sequence of final cleaning are: 1. Drying (Tank washing with seawater/fresh water & detergents) (Recirculation. 4. 2. deodorizing and drying) . and when the tanks are deemed safe to enter. Recirculated water should not be used for precleaning due to dangers of static generation. No Precise time can be given as it depends entirely upon the type and grade of cargo to be removed and the size and condition of the tanks from which it is being removed.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. girders. such as frames. It is during this process that the heavy and by far the largest percentage of the deposits remaining are removed in order to ensure an effective cleaning operation (see "Cleaning" below). cold water (sea or fresh) should be used. Particular attention should be given to the tank bottoms and any shadow areas. Large and small tanks generally take a similar time to clean due to the fact that small tanks tend to contain more obstacles. When precleaning has been completed. Ventilation 8. it is not usually possible to pass the solution through the cleaning heater except by making a temporary connection between the solution tank and the tank cleaning pump suction. and stripped back into the detergent solution tank. After the tank has cooled and it has been passed as fit to enter. it should be inspected. While this method may be economical in detergent consumption. 2. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Recirculation (Open system) Recirculation (closed system) Hand spraying Recirculation Method (Open & Closed) In this method. In most cases. a fresh solution must be made up and heated before cleaning can continue and this takes time. . In an ideal situation where there is suction from the slop tank to the washing system heater. or to inject live steam.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. each having certain advantages and limitations. Inspection of hidden spots is particularly important. Any shaded areas which have not been cleaned must be spot cleaned by hand using detergent or other cleaning agent and then flushed away by hand held hoses. b. If traces of cargo remain. Detergent wash Correct preparation before commencing the chemical cleaning is essential for it is usually impossible to enter tanks once the operation has started. or more depending on their size and condition and the quantity of solution. The greatest problem is to obtain the right solution temperature. Butterworthing Butterworthing is usually done by seawater. cleaning should be continued.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. circulated via the washing system line to the tank to be cleaned. which is slow. the slop tank can be used for preparation of the solution. The cleaning time involved depends to a great extent upon the cargo being removed and the cargo to be loaded. are: a. a chemical solution is prepared in one tank. it is time-consuming and is costly in fuel if efficient heating is not available. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 16 of 32 1. The methods of cleaning. it will be necessary to use the tank heating coils. as well as the temperature of the cleaning solution. However. A further drawback is that. since the solution will be spent after cleaning three tanks. c. Exhausted solution should be discharged. which is an efficient cleanser and can be heated. which is costly in fuel and can be dangerous. Steam is injected into the tank via cargo manifold. using air-operated drum pumps and hand spray guns. To warm up cargo tank structure and cargo residue to give fluidity to the residue and enable it to flow down to the bottom of the tank with assistance of the flow of the condensate of steam. Flushing If the Rinsing is done using seawater. Rinsing Immediately after the cleaning operation is concluded and the tanks have been completely stripped of the residues and slops they should be rinsed using the tank cleaning machines and hot or warm freshwater / seawater. Rinsing generally takes between half to one hour and should be continued until no trace of cleaning detergent can be found. but it requires that tanks be gas-freed to enable men to enter for spraying. the tanks are washed with water. Steaming Steaming cargo tanks as one of the cleaning method has the following effects. Tank vents should be kept open. This results in reduction of the smell. This is a disadvantage as total cleaning time is substantially increased. 3.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 17 of 32 Hand Spray Method With this method undiluted cleaner is sprayed directly on to bulkheads. After a pre-determined residence period (during which the cleaner reacts with the cargo residue). NOTE: . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . the tanks must be flushed with freshwater immediately thereafter. c. 5. Flushing is effected using fresh water from the storage tanks. b. The steam will condense on the sides.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. warm up cargo tank structure and cargo residue to increase solubility of the residue which will dissolve in the hot steam condensate and be carried out of tank. frames and stringers. using the washing machines. a. 4. top and bottom of the tank and remove the last remaining traces of the contaminant remaining on them. To warm up cargo tank structure and cargo residue to facilitate evaporation of the volatile portion of the residue remaining in slits. The hand spray method is the most effective economical in terms of chemical consumption. Flushing is usually performed using cleaning machines or by hand-washing the tank with hoses fitted with special nozzles. drop line or steaming adopter pipe fitted to tank cleaning hatch cover. small pores or cracks of coating. sufficient time must be . 8. debris or previous cargo. Hydrocarbons ( % LEL) must be checked and recorded before starting steaming in any tank and in regular intervals thereafter. In case. b. Steam inlet valves to be opened gradually 6. rust particles. Never carry out any hot work during the steaming operations. ‘Person In Charge’ must monitor tank temperature. which may cause further contamination. 1 Hour 100oC . lines and pumps should be drained completely. NEVER allow tank temperature to exceed more than tank coating acceptance limit as mentioned in P&A manual. Draining plugs should be removed and the lines blown through with compressed air.max.max. Solvent steaming of cargo tanks is STRICLY PROHIBITED. The LEL is to be closely monitored and the steamomg stopped if the LEL increases more than 10% lEL. Steaming to be avoided in tanks which have previously contained flammable products. 4.Tank dome or purge pipe vent should be kept crack open to avoid excessive built up of pressure in the cargo tank. Temperature of tank structure must be kept below 80oC throughout steaming. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 18 of 32 a. At each occasion. Atmosphere in cargo tanks MUST be checked prior commencing tank steaming to ensure tank atmosphere is below 10% LEL. Duty Engineer must be informed in order to ensure water is replenished and additional dozing chemicals are not added to the boiler. 1. Vessel must ensure heat sensitive cargoes are not stowed adjacent to the tanks planned to be steamed. Steam condensate to be pumped out at frequent interval to prevent carry over. Care to be taken to ensure no source of ignition in the cargo tank. Steaming hours in case of such a cargo in the adjacent tank as follows: Boiling point is less than 40oC .CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. 5. Draining & Line Blowing Tanks. tank steaming should not be carried out for a long time continuously. 3. Ignition sources and accumulation of static electricity should be excluded on upper deck during the tank steaming with flammable solvent or when a flammable cargo is stowed in adjacent tanks. 9. 8. 2. PRECAUTIONS: The following precautions are to be observed. 3 Hours d. c. Check carefully that airline and the hose is clean and clear of oil. 7. a cargo with low boiling point was stowed in adjacent tank. e. Keep all valves shut and blow from port manifold to pump stack and starboard manifold to pump stack. Boiler should be blown down (if possible) prior commencing live steaming of cargo tanks.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. 6. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . the drain valve is opened (briefly). other than those required for ventilation. final ventilation of the vapor mixture may continue at tank deck level through other larger deck openings. The manufacturer’s recommendations for maintenance should be followed. the entire line must be blown into the tank. Similarly the line should be blown back from pump stack back to both manifolds. c. Where cargo tanks are gas freed by means of permanently installed fans. the impeller touches the inside of the casing. b. Their construction materials should be such that no hazard of incendiary sparking arises if. At each stage any drains provided at the bends mid-way must also be blown through. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 19 of 32 allowed for the pressure to build up back again. for any reason. d. Portable fans should only be used if they are water driven. and other contaminants. should be placed in such positions and the ventilations openings so arranged that all parts of the tank being ventilated are effectively and . should be closed and secured. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . e. Guards should be in place to prevent accidental contact with fans blades. No escape of cargo vapors should occur at deck level before the concentration within the tank has fallen below 30% LFL and the relevant TLV. Finally. Manifold should be clear of all previous cargo. 7. Fixed gas freeing equipment should not be used for gas freeing of a tank while simultaneously being used to ventilate another tank in which washing is in progress. and therefore the exit velocity should be sufficient to carry the vapors clear of the deck. Consider prevalent weather conditions as sea sprays can easily contaminate the cargo lines. In case it is required to dry up a line quickly. tank openings should be kept closed until work on that tank is about to commence. where used. Ventilation & Gas Freeing Type of vapors present after tank cleaning may be flammable and/ or toxic and/ or corrosive & following procedures with precautions should be considered: a. The fans should normally be blanked or disconnected from the cargo tank system when not in use. when it is certain that the line is empty. f. Valves on the systems. Venting of toxic and flammable gas during gas freeing should be through the vessel’s approved gas freeing outlets.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Chief Officer must open out blanks on both sides of the manifold and inspect the condition of the manifold visually from end to end. air is introduced into the cargo tank through the cargo lines. The entire line system should be thoroughly drained before venting. or hydraulically or pneumatically driven. Portable fans. This should be done prior to final cleaning of the tank. If portable ventilation equipment is to be used to blow air into a tank. to avoid any obstruction of the airflow or tendency for water or cargo residues to be blown into a cargo tank. Thereafter. regardless of the capacity of the equipment. steam blowing can be carried and line left open to dry.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. and necessitate additional precautions. Any remaining contaminants should be removed by wiping down with rags. Tests should then be made at several levels and. ullaging or sounding arrangements. then inspected for any residues. Drying The tanks must be thoroughly ventilated and dried out. heating coils. Fans inlet should be generally as remotely located as possible from the ventilation outlets on the tank.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. If at any time it is suspected that gas is being drawn into the accommodation block. Central air conditioning or mechanical ventilation system intakes should be adjusted to prevent the entry of gas. vapour return lines. The wind direction may cause cargo vapours to pass near to air intakes for accommodation spaces or engine room ventilation. h. each compartment of the tank to be tested. When a tank appears to have been gas freed and all mechanical ventilation has been stopped. g. k. Additional considerations to take into account when the tank is inerted. Places where such cargo traces may exist include cargo lines. Valves should be drained into a bucket. Gas vent risers and their drains should be checked to ensure that they are free of any blockage. and cleaned if found necessary. On completion of all gas freeing and tank washing. cargo pumps. if possible by using partial recirculation of air within the spaces & avoid sudden ingress due to vacuum effect when on total recirculation. to use shoe . On completion of gas freeing. these should also be checked. cargo handling equipment store rooms. cargo valves. They should be so connected to the deck that an effective electrical bond exists between the fan and the deck. and to enclosed or partially enclosed spaces that can retain or contain cargo residues or vapours. protective clothing store rooms and cargo sample store rooms. the tank should be checked for cargo residues and then ventilation resumed. stripping lines and valves. where the tank is sub divided by a wash bulkhead. If satisfactory gas readings are not obtained. It is a good idea for those entering the tank. j.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. particularly attention being paid to the efficient working of the P/V valves and any high velocity vent valves. so that no unsuspected dangerous pockets can remain. each tank should be isolated to prevent the transfer of gas to or from other tanks. i. If the tanks are connected by a common venting system. at this stage. venting lines and P/V valves. the gas venting system should be carefully checked. 8. In large compartments such tests should be made at widely separate positions. If the valves or vent risers are fitted with devices designed to prevent the passage of flame. a period of about ten minutes should elapse before taking final gas measurements. This allows relatively stable conditions to develop within the tank space. the central air conditioning and any mechanical ventilating systems should be stopped and the intakes covered or closed. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . attention should be given to all equipment that has been used. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 20 of 32 equally gas freed. 4 Verification After final cleaning has been accomplished it is necessary to check whether the desired result has been achieved. The results of wall wash test (wipe test) with reagents Analysis items are as follows Items a. The tank is now completely dried using air fans.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. flange openings should also be checked for cleanliness. Appearance b. sides or top (condensation) Film of residues adhered to the tank surfaces Bleeding of oil from slits or from cracks of tank coating Dried or hard residues beams. If the tank walls of SUS tanks are discoloured or show rust stains. 5. Careful inspection of the undersides of heating coils. 4. 5. it may be necessary to carry out pickling or passivation. Loose nuts found on heating coil clamps must be promptly tightened. frames. a WWT (wall wash test) must be carried out. Valves and plugs are to remain open until the inspection by the surveyor is completed. behind ladders and securing clamps/ bolts for the pipelines should be done. valves. 7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. and inside of loading pipe and submerged cargo pump or suction bellmouth. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Wet tank bottom. WWT procedures included as annex. Various combinations of the above processes are required to clean and remove the residues of different cargoes. heating coils. The pipelines.6 REASONS FOR TANK SURVEY FAILURES 1. Odor Sediment remaining on the bottom especially beneath lightening holes and heating coils. 2. etc. NVM (Non Volatile Matter) Dimension [ Clear] [ PPM or Percent ] . Thoroughly ventilating tanks will also aid the deodorizing process.5. 6. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 21 of 32 covers and/or wrap clean lint-free rags around their shoes. 3. 5. The tank must be inspected visually and if the next cargo requires a high purity. Loose nuts and bolts have been known to cause pump failures. However.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING c. and the ship must retain the washings on board until arrival at another port. is important to perform tank cleaning efficiently. This fact will need to be attested by a Authorized surveyor and entered in the Cargo Record Book. After discharging cargoes of pollution category Y. National and international legislation controlling the discharge of effluent are strict while local legislation varies and may change from one visit to the next. if the cargo falls under “Solidifying” or “Viscous” substance c.7 CONSUMABLES FOR CLEANING Sufficient kinds and quantities of consumables such as cleaning detergents. d. e. g. After discharging cargoes of pollution category X. the sump. and the resulting contaminated wash water should always be discharged to shore. solvents. etc. f. Master is responsible for any contravention of the law. fire and corrosion hazards and some are liable to be deteriorated when they are exposed to moisture or contaminated with foreign matters such as sea water. dry cells. the pump and the pipelines with the prewashing water. Any other requirement as in the vessel’s P&A manual. occasions do arise when adequate shore reception facilities for the washings are not provided. canisters. wiping rags. and the P&A Manual will provide guidance . The materials must be kept on board in a safe place properly as some of them have health. The purpose of the required prewash is to reduce the amount of cargo remaining in the tank and piping system by flushing mainly the tank bottom. Failure of vessel stripping system ( Unless the alternative stripping system can comply with the required stripping results as in the vessel’s P&A manual. and in the same port.8 PREWASH + CONTROL OF EFFLUENT DISCHARGE The officer in charge of the tank cleaning operation must exercise proper control over the discharge of effluent from the cleaning operation. 5.) d. MARPOL addresses this matter. Mandatory pre-wash procedures should be conducted strictly in accordance with the ship's P&A Manual. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 22 of 32 [ NIL or Failure ] [ PPM ] [ Minutes ] [ APHA ] [ Nil or order free ] [ Suspended free ] 5. b. The remaining quantities must be checked and recorded properly after cleaning operation and requisition for replenishment should be made to the Company well in advance to arrival at a port of supply.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. The intention of MARPOL is that this should happen immediately following the cargo discharge operations. h. Ultimately. Pre wash may be required under certaim circumstances which include: a. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Hydro carbon (Water Solubility) Chloride Permanganate Colour Odor Suspended matter August 01. please prepare enough hoses to reach the tank for butterworth well in advance.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. The prewash does not aim at cleaning the tank for ballasting or loading purposes. 3. by EXXON = Cat. 5. During such a voyage. * b/w hole should be covered by canvas sheet to prevent leakage of base oil on deck through b/w hole during butterworthing. 2 * set height …. Nos.e. 6. 5m * to carry out prewash by closed circulation via manifold. i. Follow the guidelines provided in ship’s Procedures and Administration (P&A) Manual regarding Slop Discharge Procedure (SDP) and Cargo Discharge Procedure (CDP).ECA 8583 (Lub. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 23 of 32 on the correct procedures for a particular ship. Disconnect shore hose AFTER PREWASH BY BASE OIL. Pump back base oil while butterworthing * mixtures of base oil and lub add must be stripped thoroughly by e. Details of such washings are to be entered and control exercised by such PSC authority should be endorsed in Cargo Record Book (CRB). Get dry certificate by surveyor Transfer abt 5 mt of base oil from shore to ship's tank (9c) Set b/w machine & hose etc. At least 1 cycle. 5.8. Start prewash * cleaning time ….s. 4. Number 4) Carry out the following after completion of discharging 1. When required.1 Example of mandatory pre wash = = = = = An example of MANDATORY PREWASH = = = = = MANDATORY PREWASH AT EXXON BERTH . a mandatory pre-wash of the ship’s tanks must be witnessed by a competent authority of the Port State.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. MARPOL ANNEX I IS APPLICABLE TO THE TANK CONCERNED AND THEREFORE TANK WASHINGS MUST BE DISCHARGED IN ACCORDANCE WITH MARPOL ANNEX I . Oil Additives. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . abt 15 min at 8kg/cm2 * for first 15 min …. * machine nos ….s (effective stripping system) Finish prewash * get signature and stamp of govt authorised surveyor on the cargo record book for prewash without fail and in addition statement of facts to be endorsed. the slops and tank washings should be given the same safety and environmental care as the original cargo. 2. butterworthing by closed cycle After above …. Type 2. Beneath or behind heating coils and their supporting angle . 8.1 Inspection of cargo tanks In addition to the inspection to confirm successful completion of the work immediately after finish of the work. supporting angles.Nuts from heating coil U-clamps etc b.Seizing wires used for staging . If so. brushes.2 Curing of coating Before starting any work in a cargo tank. the curing of coating must be confirmed. after sailing from the dockyard. proceed as follows: Connect hose to barge Line up for hot sea water butterworthing Butterworthing with hot sea water * washing should be stripped to barge continuously * cleaning time ….9 TANK CLEANING AFTER DRYDOCKING After sailing from a dockyard on completion of drydocking involving work in cargo tanks such as recoating. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . which has been recoated. brackets and face plates .CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING 7. August 01. scrappers. the following have to be performed.Small tools such as brooms.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT.Grit used for sand blasting . a. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 24 of 32 Slop barge. 5. etc. if permitted shall be arranged at exxon berth.9. especially shadow areas .9. Foreign matter liable to be left behind is: .Inside cargo pump or beneath its bell mouth . For proper curing of coating. At least 30 min * to receive slop receipt with signature of barge master without fail Record book entries i) prewash : ii) tank cleaning after prewash by base oil : cargo record book oil record book 5.Paint dusts .On the upper surface of corrugated bulkheads 5. all the cargo tanks must be inspected by the chief officer to find any abnormality or any foreign matter left behind. the tank must be ventilated mechanically . plastic masking sheets and gum tapes used for masking outfittings . Likely places where foreign matter is likely to be left behind are: .On the longitudinal frames. .Every nook and corner.Consumable items such as sand paper. CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. the recoated cargo tank must be cleaned in the following manners. The foreign matter accumulated at the bottom of the tank should be removed thoroughly after the water is discharged out of the tank by portable diaphragm pump. 2. Even after the above dry cleaning. a. Do not forget to retighten securely and use check nuts. and the ambient temperature in the tank must be high enough. For detailed procedure for proper curing and curing period.3 Pre-cleaning before start of usual tank cleaning Before starting tank cleaning for loading next cargo. Cargo line and vent lines should be blown through with compressed air towards the tank to remove foreign matter remaining inside. especially upper surfaces of longitudinal members and horizontally corrugated bulkheads must be blown by compressed air to remove foreign matter as far as practicable safely. Needless to say the foreign matter which has fallen onto the bottom of the tank must be cleaned thoroughly. refer to Paint Maker's instruction. Washing by hand hose or tank cleaning machine Wet cleaning should be started after the coating has cured sufficiently to the degree to endure wet cleaning. their supports and U bolts.4 Cleaning of Tank recoated with Zinc Coating . In order to remove it before start of tank cleaning for loading next cargo. 5.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . all the tank interior surfaces must be washed by spraying fresh water with hand hose or tank cleaning machines. 1. the U bolts must be loosened and cleaned by air blowing or vacuum cleaner. Dry cleaning This cleaning must be carried out after the coating has cured to have sufficient hardness not to be damaged by usual cleaning work. Tank interior surfaces. To remove foreign matter remaining in slits or gaps amongst heating coils.9. b. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 25 of 32 with duct extended to the bottom to discharge the vapour of the solvent being exhausted from the coating. c. much foreign matter is still remaining in the tank. 5.9. 5 to 1 hour. If the result of wall wash test is not satisfactory. b. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Do not use other solvent such as Toluene.5 Cleaning of Tank recoated with Epoxy coating 1. 2. 2. therefore. PCE. Note: Never use sea water for cleaning fresh zinc coating as sea water which enters into small pores of coating is hard to remove. Flushing the vent line with water by hand hose from the vent head for at least 30 minutes. Washing the tank surfaces by spraying warm fresh water by hand hose. 5. however. Repeated thorough air blowing of the tank surfaces and continuous mechanical ventilation will be effective to remove the dusts. the zinc powder shall oxidize and the pores shall be filled with zinc oxide (white rust) which prevents entrance of foreign matter into the pores. . the following additional cleaning should be carried out. etc. the dust must be removed. iii. Tank cleaning procedure a. ii. d.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Do not use cleaning detergent Do not use waste rags and the likes which may pollute the tank.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. it must have to be cured as per the instruction of Paint Maker. In a cold climate. Butterworthing with hot fresh water for 1. Sufficient continuous or intermittent mechanical ventilation of the tank is essential for curing. Before start of cleaning a tank with epoxy coating. ambient temperature in the tank should be kept below 40oC. Spraying fresh water of good quality Note: i.5 to 2 hours. Dust of coating material will affect the result of wall wash test and. and the fresh zinc powder contained in the coating is chemically active and may reacts with some material in the sea water to produce unknown substance affecting wall wash test. Butterworthing with cold fresh water for 0. and the zinc powder shall become less active consequently.9. especially the surfaces shaded by internal structural members or outfittings. warming the tank by supplying steam slightly to the heating coils shall facilitate the curing. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 26 of 32 1. c. As time passes. by draining quickly and ventilating mechanically with duct extended to the bottom as long as possible Note: 1.5 hours. therefore.10 HEATING COIL Cleaning methods for cargo leaked into heating coils A. 4. The temperature of the tank should not be raised above 65oC throughout steaming period. If strong smell still exists in the tank. In case of cargo soluble in water i. (Pressure should be kept less than 8 kg / cm2) c. b. Drying the tank by draining quickly and ventilating mechanically with duct extended to the bottom for at least 5 hours. the above cleaning is better carried out after curing of coating as long as possible. e. Strong smell of solvent exhausted from the coating generally means insufficient curing. after tank cleaning. 5. Butterworthing with hot fresh water for 1 hour. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 27 of 32 3. 3. the coating shall be tested by wall wash for permanganate time to ascertain the progress of curing before start of tank cleaning. Flushing the vent line with fresh water by hand hose from the vent head for at least 30 minutes. the following procedure should be repeated several times. After proper curing of the coating and after confirming the tank is safe to enter.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. d. Steam condensate should be drained out of the tank at every 30 minutes. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Flush the coil with warm fresh water 1 ~ 2 hours continuously . When fine chemical is to be loaded. Drying the tank immediately after steaming. 2. the tank ambient temperature should be kept below 65oC throughout steaming period and the number of repeated steaming should be kept minimum. Butterworthing with hot sea water for 3 hours. Steaming for 1 to 1. Hard and repeated steaming may affect the coating in process of initial curing. Tank cleaning procedure a. Steaming for 2 hours.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. ii. . The PH value of the water can be checked if last cargo acidic/alkaline. Flush the coil with cold fresh water Clean the coil per cleaning method applied to tank itself C.12 OIL RECORD BOOK For vessels carrying oil in bulk shall be provided with an Oil Record Book to record relevant cargo / ballast operations. Blow out drain by compressed air B. iii. Master shall countersign each completed page. the date. operational code and item number shall be inserted in the appropriate columns and the required particulars shall be chronologically recorded in the blank spaces. 5. In case of cargo not soluble in water i. flushing to continue till PH shows neutral.11 CARGO RECORD BOOK Vessels carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk shall be provided with a Cargo Record Book to record relevant cargo / ballast operations. When making entries of the Cargo record Book. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 28 of 32 Blow out / drain by compressed air and check odour of cargoes carried by the water to know the kind. Master shall sign each completed page. tank and surrounding area are ascertained to be free from combustible liquids and gases during the above cleaning. In such case.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING ii. 5. operational code and item number shall be inserted in the appropriate columns and the required particulars shall be record chronologically in the blank spaces. August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The Cargo Record Book shall be kept in such a places as to be readily available for inspection and it shall be retained for a period of three years after the last entry has been made. Each completed operation shall be signed for and dated by the officer or officers in charge and. Cargoes liable to solidify / polymerize in heating coils. Master should report to Company if leakage of such cargo is found. if applicable. the date. NOTE: Never carry out any hot work or work causing spark before coil. When making entries in the Oil record Book. Each completed operation shall be signed for and dated by the officer or officers in charge. by a surveyor authorized by the competent authority of the state in which vessel is unloading.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. 13. and to minimize the bad affect by ballast water or mechanical damage. providing . etc.1 General Vessel has cargo tanks of solid or clad stainless steel. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Soft-soled shoes must be worn with a disposable shoe cover and tools. The Oil Record Book contains many reference to oil quantity. The entries in the Oil Record Book should be considered accordingly. vegetable and animal oils and fats. 5.13. which are required. other chemicals. Special precautions will be necessary when tank cleaning in bad weather. The receipt or certificate should be kept together with the Oil record Book. It is extremely difficult to repair these areas effectively without shot blasting the damaged area or spot welding for pin-holes in cladded tanks.13 TANK MATERIALS AND COATINGS 5. together with the time and date of the transfer. special care is necessary. plastic or other soft material.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. 5.3 Stainless Steel Stainless steel is very versatile. dirty ballast. It will not be affected by.2 Mechanical Damage To prevent tank surfaces from being damaged.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. Equipment taken into tanks for mopping. a receipt or certificate detailing the quantity of tank washing. Care is necessary with all of these materials to avoid filling tanks with cargoes which may adversely affect them. Resistance of stainless steel to corrosive attack by aggressive cargoes is seriously impaired if the surface is scratched. lubricating oils. Care must be taken when entering stainless steel and coated tanks. if attached to the oil record book. temperature variations and clingage will affect the accuracy of these reading. must be of rubber. and will not affect most solvents. must be lowered in a sack or bag to prevent mechanical damage. This receipt or certificate. including buckets and scoops. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 29 of 32 Masters should obtain from the operator of the reception facilities including barges and tank trucks.13. The limited accuracy of tank measurement devices. or mild steel coated with chemical resistant coating materials. alkalis. acids. 5. residues or oily mixture transferred. knocked or scratched the resulting damage may cause large areas of coating to break down with a possible deterioration in charge outturn quality. When positioning portable tank washing machines care must be taken to ensure that they do not knock against tank sides or structure. should aid the Master in proving that vessel was not involved in an alleged pollution incident. The Oil Record Book shall be kept in such a place as to be readily available for inspection and it shall be retained for a period of three years after the last entry has been made. If tank coatings are grazed. This is in addition to considerations of coating compatibility. the compatibility of the stainless steel with the cargo must be checked at the time of planning cargo stowage.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. Dirty slops. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . vegetable and animal oils and fats with a free fatty acid (FFA) content of more than 2.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. they must be washed with fresh water and dried up. the use of salt water is to be strictly controlled. does not affect the stainless steel provided that it is relatively chloride free. to minimize contamination from previous grades or by rust of tank structure. Firstly. when tank cleaning. zinc silicate coatings are not affected by and do not affect cargoes in the following chemical families or groups: Alcohols Amines (if free of moisture. and tanks are dry) Aldehydes Animal oils and fats (free fatty acid under 2.13. however. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 30 of 32 it remain in a passive state. alkalis. Such tanks should contain only fresh water except in emergencies. or washing must not be stowed in coated tanks unless the cargo contaminant in the slops or washings is compatible with the coating. A.4 Coated Tanks Coating of tanks of mild steel is carried out for two reasons. Fresh water. to provide a smooth surface making it easier to clean tanks between grades. hot or cold. which makes tank cleaning comparatively easy and enable different grades of cargo to be loaded sequentially without contamination. the compatibility lists supplied by the paint manufacturers should be referred to before Master plans cargo stowage.5%) Cyanohydrins Esters Glycols Halocarbons Hydrocarbons Aromatic Hydrocarbons Lubricating Oils Clean petroleum Ketones Vegetable oil (free fatty acid under 2. the tank coating must be cured for a period designed by the paint manufacturer. It is acceptable to wash stainless steel tanks and lines with salt water. Zinc silicate As a general rule. immediately after. and are not normally used to protect the underlying steel against corrosive attack. After discharging certain aggressive cargoes. In all cases. zinc silicate coatings are unsuitable for acids. Tank coatings are permeable to some extent. For detailed information on compatibility of cargoes and coating materials. which are aggressive and highly permeable to them. 5. The material is corroded by the salt water. Therefore. The surfaces of stainless steel are smooth. secondly.5%) Generally. before loading next cargo. Tank cleaning chemicals must not be used if they have a detrimental effect on the tank coatings.5% in all circumstances specific . For this reason mild steel tanks must not contain cargoes. CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01.except methanol Generally epoxy coatings are unsuitable for:Acid Aldehydes Cyanohydrins Halocarbons (some) Vegetable oils (FFA over 5%) Animal oils and fats (FFA 5%) Esters Ketones Specific guidance must be obtained from cargo information and coating compatibility lists for the cargo in question. Zinc silicate coatings withstand intermittent exposure to fresh and salt water.5 Inspection And Maintenance As condition of surface of stainless steel tank and coated tank will have great influence on difficulty of cleaning and maintenance of cargo quality. information from the coating compatibility list must be obtained for the specific cargo in question. 5. D. B. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 31 of 32 guidance on the compatibility of a certain with the coating is to be obtained from the cargo information and the coating compatibility guides. For this reason zinc silicate tanks are not to be ballasted unless absolutely necessary. C. Polyurethane coatings These coatings have a compatibility similar to that of epoxy coating plus some of the solvents compatible with zinc silicate coatings.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. epoxy coatings are not affected by. but continuous immersion will greatly reduce the life of coating. and in any event their immersion must not exceed 3 months in any twelve month period. Phenolic epoxy coatings These coatings have a similar resistance to epoxy coatings with a wider range of chemicals. However.13. Epoxy coatings In general. the chief officer must inspect it . and do not affect cargoes in the following list:Alkalis (Low grade) Amines Glycols Animal oils and fats (FFA below 5%) Hydrocarbons Vegetable oil (FFA below 5%) Alcohols (with certain restrictions) . However information of the coating compatibility list must be obtained for the specific cargo in question. and also less restrictions than either straight epoxy or polyurethane. Epoxy coatings are suitable for fresh and salt water ballast. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 32 of 32 thoroughly taking every opportunity of entering into the tank. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Thorough inspection must be made by the chief officer every three month and reported to Company on Company's reporting form.CHEMICAL TANKERS TANK CLEANING August 01. . Defective parts of stainless tanks surface or coating must be repaired positively in accordance with Company's guidelines and reported. Any abnormality or sudden change of condition found through the inspection must be reported to Master who shall inform Company immediately.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 5 PT. 6. and after loading) * At sea during transportation (Only if transfer of cargo is to be carried out on Operators / Charterers instructions) * At the discharge terminal (prior to and after discharge) Attention should be paid to all aspects of cargo measurement including the techniques used for ullaging. trim and list.2 for maintenance requirements of these Gauging and Alarm systems. to determine cargo volume. Following guidelines for cargo measurements: - Obtain and record Vessel's draught. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 19 CARGO CUSTODY MEASURING 6.1. Refer to section 4.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY SECTION 6: 6.1 Gauging and Alarm System Cargo tanks are equipped with float gauges/ Tank Radars and Protected sight-glass (Closed Devices). during. but the master must not permit use of unsafe work practices and must endeavour to minimise delays created by cargo measuring operations. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . taking temperatures.2 Measurement Procedures The measurement. Sounding / ullage ports (Open and Restricted gauging) for measuring cargo quantities. .1 August 01. are usually taken in the following cases: * At the loading terminal (prior to.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT.1. Cargo surveyors must be offered reasonable co-operation in going about their work.2. - Drain hoses or loading arms. sampling. and deck lines into tanks - Check segregated ballast tanks are free of cargo - Check all cofferdams and double bottoms - All liquids present are to be measured and recorded - Ullages of all cargo tanks to be taken. In addition for certain noxious cargoes independent High & Overfill alarms are to fitted to cargo tanks. read and record of all measurements to the nearest millimeter. - Calculation : using the foregoing measurements Vessel should carefully calculate the quantity of each grade onboard using the tables concerned and the relevant correction factors taking into account all elements of Vessel's condition. Reference thermometer to be used monthly to cross check the accuracy of the thermometers in use. 2.1. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 19 - Reference ullages. Automatic tank gauging (ATG) to be used for cargo measurement when manual gauging is not possible. Portable measurement equipment Ullage tape Weighted sampler and sample containers 3. Ascertain whether quoted as a density in air or in vacuum. - Reconciliation : compare the shore total volume at 15oC as reported on the bill of lading with the ship total volume at 15oC following rechecking of ship / shore figures. All results must be recorded on ullage report. Read the thermometer to the nearest point of degree. reference ullage in each tank to be checked and recorded (reference ullage should be marked on tank hatch in vicinity of where dips are normally taken) - Temperature : determine and record the cargo temperature in each tank. Adequate calibration records should be carried out periodically. 6. a written protest for discrepancy is to be made whenever the ship's figure differs from the shore figure by more than 0.25% or as per Charter party clauses governing same.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .3 Equipment 1. Required tables Properly approved calibration tables for ullaging of each tank to nearest millimetre . Fixed Vessel's equipment Reference points. middle and bottom and calculate average temperature for each tank - Cargo samples : obtain and retain samples from each tank for reference purposes - Density : obtain the advised density of each product from the loading terminal. - Take temperature readings at top.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. Location as per calibration tables. reference height to be permanently marked adjacent to ullage point. Frequency of Checks a) Hand ullage tapes b) Thermometer - 4. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 19 Trim and list corrections Drawings available accurately showing locations of instruments / sensors. Annual re tests. 2. to have a valid certificate and record. to have a valid certificate and record. b.1. c.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. Allowable tolerances:. thermometers etc. results of checks and signature After testing or calibrating related instrument. Calibrated Annualy Ashore Every month against Reference Thermometer Measuring Equipment Accuracy Log An up-to-date log of calibration of cargo measuring equipment is to be kept. The log must include: a. it must be recorded in record book.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. 6. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .Checks and Records An up-to-date record of cargo measuring equipment should be maintained on board Vessel and be available for inspection.4 Cargo Measuring Equipment . Annual re tests. The following must be included: a. Reference Heights / Datum Points (applies to non-inert vessels only) On completion of each load and before each discharge these measurements are to be taken and applied to the observed ullages. Reference Equipment a) Reference Thermometer - b) Reference Pressure Gauge - 3. d. pressure gauges. Temperature measuring system (local / remote) Cargo level gauges (local / remote) Pressure gauges (local / remote / tank pressure sensors.2oC Ullage Tapes (Electronic / 3mm. Hand 1/8 inch) Status and Certification of Reference Equipment Date.Digital Thermometer 0. if fitted) Pressure relief valves . c. b. 1. 6. tank number.5 Safety Precautions Four categories of precautions for these operations are included in the "International Safety Guide for Oil Tanker and Terminals (ISGOTT) Minimising gas on deck Prevent air entering to tanks which is inerted condition Electrostatic precautions Use of approved equipment 6. Where possible such samples should be taken.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01.2 CARGO SAMPLES Sampling of cargo is one of the most important means of establishing the quality of cargo loaded and refuting cargo claims provided sampling is done and documented properly. of a possible claim to be made against Company for contamination or loss. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . All such samples should be stored in clean and tightly closed containers of material compatible with the cargo to prevent the loss or deterioration and should be labeled with Vessel's name.2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. Cargo pipe line f. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 19 e. sealed and labeled by the cargo surveyor. In the event of receivers or their representatives have notified Vessel or Company.2 Sampling Procedure . the samples of the cargo in question should be utilized. Sample bottles must be placed properly in cells that are provided. 6.1.2. Cargo hoses 6. loading port. Samples of all cargo loaded should be taken as evidence of quality of cargo received and retained on board in case of any dispute at the discharge port.1 Sample Lockers Samples are to be stowed outside the accommodation and care is to be taken to ensure that non.compatible samples are well segregated. grade. date and time of sampling. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. Manifold sample at start of discharge. Some cargoes require special sampling .CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. (First flow: To be taken with manifold valve closed.2. 2. 2. 3. Carriage of consignee samples In all cases Vessel is required to carry consignee's sample(s) of the cargo on board. These should be landed. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Sample from each tank upon completion of loading. at the discharge port and the cargo documents suitably endorsed. In order to prevent contamination of cargo during sampling the drains shall be appropriately cleaned. Running of the pump and taking sample via the drain valve. Vessel should fabricate appropriate adapters in order to obtain samples from the drain in an efficient manner without causing any spillage or hazard to the personnel. due to the nature of the cargo. For eg. Obtain a shore tank sample of each grade loaded for delivery at the discharging port. prior cargo entering the cargo tank) First tank bottom sample (usually Foot sample from tank). Sampling should be carried out using vapour locks and matched associated equipment or other means which ensure closed-operation procedures. cargo sampling may be suspended and an entry to this effect should be made in the ship’s log books. sampling should be undertaken using the following guidelines: Samples are to be obtained for each grade on the following occasions: At Load port: 1. Receipts must be issued for all properly sealed and labeled samples. Appropriate PPE must always be worn. If deemed dangerous. To be retained as individual tank samples or mixed into a composite sample for each grade/type/parcel as applicable. Sampling operations should be conducted such as to take due care to avoid the hazards associated with static electrical charges in case of static accumulator cargoes. while obtaining samples of the cargo.3 Closed Sampling The Company requires that closed-operations procedures must be followed during all cargo tank operations including sampling. At any other time the Master deems it would be prudent to defend the Company’s / Charterer’s interest At Discharge port: 1. Manifold sample. together with the cargo documents. Sample from each tank prior commencing discharge. 4. 6. 3. Manifold composite sample. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 19 Unless differing instructions have been received from the Charterer. 5 Retention Period and Disposal Retention period Vessel should retain cargo samples on board for 6 months. The same log should contain disposal records. 6. 3. Samples. subject to the approval of the Administration. the samples can be disposed after 6 months. which have to be kept on board. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 19 procedures. Master and the chief mate should be well aware of the custody method of samples in case of special cargoes. If in any doubt. elsewhere.4 Storage of Cargo Samples 1. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Equipped with adequate ventilation arrangement. 2. and c.1. Provided with shelves divided into small cell in order to segregate incompatible samples and to avoid shifting of the bottles at sea.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. after discharging the cargo. The 6 months storage period does not apply in such case.2. first out principle should be adopted to dispose off samples. In the event of the sample locker being filled up. should be stowed in a designated space situated in the cargo area or exceptionally. b. to contact Vektor Maritim/Charterers for clarification.6 Safety Precautions The precautions listed in section 6.3 CARGO HEATING . Disposal Unless there is any claim for OFF-SPECIFICATION cargo or special instructions are received from the Company.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01.2.5 are applicable. When disposing. 6. Samples should not be retained on board longer than necessary. SAMPLE LOG: A record of the samples inside the sample locker should be maintained in the form of a log.2. thus extra care is recommended. first in. Careless sampling may cause an entire cargo to be off spec. Made of material fully resistant to the different liquids intended to be stowed. The stowage space should be: a. unless any cargo claim is raised or otherwise instructed by Company. follow the MARPOL rules: the content of the sample containers to disposed as per MARPOL Annex I or II and the containers itself to be disposed as per Annex V. 6. 6. the Management is to be advised immediately. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . if a separate tank is not available. Cargo is not to be loaded or carried at a temperature which exceeds the maximum temperature for the vessel taking into account tank coating and cargo equipment.3 Heating Instructions Heating instructions will be contained in the voyage orders. .CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. the Master is to ensure that clear instructions are received detailing heating requirements. A Case may arise where cargoes are to be delivered to a separate consignee who may issue different heating instructions.1 Heated Cargoes Details of the loading. In the event that the cargo temperature is expected to exceed this figure the Company must be advised immediately. the tank is to be exhausted to atmosphere. Prior to loading any cargo requiring heating.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT.3.3. loading. When cargo has to be heated to a temperature higher than its loading temperature the finishing ullages must take account of cargo expansion during the voyage 6. Prior to departure from the loading port. the heating coils are to be blown-out to atmosphere and then tested with steam to the maximum working pressure. 6. Hot water or Thermal oil) should be compatible with the cargo. Testing of heating coils is to be recorded in the deck log. The heating medium (Steam. carriage and discharge temperatures. carriage and discharge temperatures will normally be given in the voyage orders. If instructions are received requiring the cargo to be heated to temperature above that suitable for the tank coating. all tanks which are to receive cargo which does not require heating are to have their coils blown-out by air and then blanked off from the system. Care must be taken to ensure that the cargo is not overheated beyond the specified maximum temperatures. The daily allowable per deg rise in temperature should also be known.2 Testing Heating Coils To avoid a possible leakage of product from cargo tank to machinery space via the heating coil system.3. Poisonous cargoes requiring heating are to have their exhaust led to a separate tank for monitoring prior to passing to the machinery space. If no instructions are received the Master is to contact the Operator and the Management. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 19 6. . This will require the opening of the drain cock on the exhaust side of each coil or on the deck heater. The overall plan must also avoid rapid changes of temperature which may adversely affect the quality of the cargo or unduly stress the ship's structure.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. The Chief Officer is responsible for implementing the Master's instructions for the heating of cargo. If oil leakage is detected then the affected heating coil loop is to be blanked off. When putting a steam heating system into operation the piping is to be drained completely. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 19 PRE-LOADING CHECKS Prior to loading a heated cargo the heating coils are to be blown and tested and the system checked for leaks. and where required.5 BUNKERS The Master is to ensure that sufficient bunkers are on board taking into account the cargo heating required during the voyage. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . He must liaise with the Chief Engineer to ensure that the cargo heating system is available to commence heating the cargo at the appropriate time. 6. Deck mounted heaters must be operated according to the manufacturer's instructions.4 August 01. Also from the viewpoint of fuel cost. On the loaded passage cargo temperatures must be monitored on a twice daily basis when heating is being applied to the tanks and once per day if the heating is off. heating must be conducted efficiently to minimize fuel consumption. Water should be drained from drain cocks twice each day to detect leaks in the coil. to prove that there is no in-tank leakage. Steam should then be applied gradually to avoid water hammer. The Company or the Time Charterer must approve heating instructions from other sources.6 RESPONSIBILITY FOR HEATED CARGOES Cargo is only to be heated on instructions from the Company or Time Charterers. The drain cocks should be left open until the water runs clear. Additionally the temperature monitoring equipment is to be tested and calibrated. This data must be maintained in the daily heating log. During loading the cargo temperature is to be checked as soon as possible after loading has commenced. 6. These Officers must plan the total heating operation to ensure that the specified temperature is reached and maintained with the minimum expenditure of heat energy and to ensure that there is adequate fuel. boiler water for the voyage.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY 6. CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. This has resulted on subsequent claim from Charterers for a short OUTTURN of cargo due to the alleged inability of the vessel to pump out all the oil contained in the ship’s tank. Unless a very viscous cargo is carried. When a heated cargo is being carried the observation tank is to be closely monitored for indications of leakage in the heating coils. Failure to carry this out will result in a rapid increase of temperature as the ullage increase. the manifold valve is to be shut and the top lines dropped back into the tank(s) being discharged. Master is to issue a Letter of Protest after notifying the charterer. If any such leakage is observed precautions must be taken to prevent the product from reaching the boiler. If for any reason the discharge has to be temporarily suspended.7 OVERHEATING Overheating of the cargo and rapid changes in temperature are to be avoided as this may damage the cargo and cause dangerous evolution of gas or damage the tank coating. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 6. the steam to the heating coils should be reduced on each tank at the commencement of discharge of that tank. It is therefore important that the cargo is at the correct temperature on arrival discharge port.8 UNDERHEATING There have been instances where vessels have arrived at a discharge port with the cargo under heated.9 LOADING The temperature of the incoming cargo is to be closely monitored to ensure that the cargo is not coming in at a temperature which could damage the tank coating or possible stress the ship’s structure due to a large temperature differential between the cargo and surrounding sea water. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 9 of 19 The amount of heat applied to individual tanks is to be adjusted as required according to the readings obtained. The Chief Officer is responsible for the taking and recording tank temperatures and adjustments to the heating system. he must immediately inform the Operator and the Company.10 DISCHARGE The fundamental requirement for discharge of heated cargo is to ensure that the ship arrives at the discharging Terminal with the cargo at the required temperature. 6. 6. 6. Depending on ambient conditions it . Other cases have resulted where the vessel has been put on off hire until the cargo has been heated to the required temperature.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. If for any reason the Master finds that during the voyage he is unable to comply with the charterer's heating instructions. If the cargo temperature after loading is found to be below that mentioned in the Heating Instructions. These temperatures must not be exceeded without permission from Company. Hot water or other liquids like Thermal oil are passed through the heating coils in the cargo tank or heat exchangers on deck. The heating should be shut off before the level of cargo has dropped below that of the heating coils and the tank stripped dry without delay to prevent the cargo cooling to state where it becomes unpumpable. because of thermal stresses.13. The temperature of the cargo should never be raised above the loading temperature. it is recommended that three to four days before arrival.2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. Tank coatings may be subject to limitations regarding their maximum loading / carrying / discharging temperatures. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 10 of 19 may be necessary to re-introduce heating to maintain the cargo at the required discharge temperature and/or recirculate to avoid freezing inside the pipelines on deck. Under no circumstances are these limits to be exceeded. 6. which requires discharge temperatures in excess of 80oC in epoxy and polyurethane coated tanks. Each tank is to be stripped dry immediately on completion of its bulk discharge before cooling takes effect. Heating instructions would normally be given in the voyage orders but if not. 6. 6. Such cargoes can be heated by thermal oil or compatible heated cargo (es) in adjacent tanks. Guidance will be given in the compatibly lists published by coating paint manufactures. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .11 COMPATIBILITY OF CARGO WITH HEATING MEDIA Heating Media: Steam. . cargo heating is carried out sufficient to ensure maximum outturn at normal discharge rate. Some heated cargoes (Isocynates) reacts dangerously with water or steam.12 COLD CLIMATE CONDITIONS Some cargoes which do not require heating in tropical and temperate climates may require heating in cold climates.1 Segregation of Heated Cargoes Refer to Section 3.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01.13 TEMPERATURE LIMIT Classification societies lay down maximum temperature limits for each vessel. Do not load cargo. and therefore not permitted as heating media for such cargoes. 6.11. 12 ~ 15oC.g. 5 ~ 7oC The viscosity of these products will be abruptly increased with a fall of cargo temperature. Any unusual loss of boiler feed water should be reported to the Chief officer immediately so that heated cargo tanks ullages might be checked for ingress of water in the cargo.Lignin Pitch . e. when two or more heated cargoes carried are incompatible (Edible oils and Poison).438 c.g. After discharging the cargo.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. 6. : Caustic soda. 2. whenever possible.p.13. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .. These products will be easily burnt and stick strongly on the surface of heating coil. Steam inlet valves must be gradually opened.) ……. This should be done by using a single thermometer (at a height corresponding to one of the sensor probes) on daily rotational basis so that all readouts are checked over a period of a . 1. These must be checked from time using reference thermometer. heating for these products should not be stopped. 4. 1.5 Calibration of Temperature Measuring Instruments Where fitted and if considered sufficiently reliable temperature probes should be used for taking cargo temperature. 6.Solution of Inorganic substance (e. : Lignin pitch (20oC ….p. 6. the system must be blown clear of containment using compressed or inert gas. 3. Phosphoric acid) To be done more carefully so as to control heating as compared to Non-Dry Type vegetable oil.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01..)…. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 11 of 19 6. this process is called coking.4 Heating coil serving tanks containing Poisonous cargoes Separate heating systems should be used. drained and blanked..Mollasses . The temperature of these products should not be lower than crystallizing point or critical temperature of deposit. e. 10oC …. Where non-heated cargo is being carried in tanks which are fitted with heating coils and heating is not required.2 Blanking of Heating Coils Product leakages from cargo tanks to machinery spaces through heating coils can lead to serious accidents.. : Caustic soda (50% sol.13. 60 c.g.13. the system should be tested. using appropriate personal protection equipment for the cargo carried.13. (45% sol. or animal fat.) Considering above 1) & 2).3 Heating of "Water Soluble Product" . gaps between pipes and U-shape bolts. 1. must be recorded in the calibration recorder. A proactive. a higher quality of cargo is demanded year after year. rain and salt.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 12 of 19 week for cargo tanks being monitored. inside of sounding pipes and bell mouths.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. whatever the size of the parcel.6 Precautions when using Hand Thermometers Personnel taking temperatures with hand thermometers must be completely aware of the risk. 6. of dangerous concentrations of vapour being expelled on deck. Cleaning water trapped in the line should be removed by air blow or draining. b. behind pipe stacks. and their cleanliness.no matter whether it is a chemical product. its high quality on delivery is a prerequisite for the end product to be of good quality. pipe supports. Cargo line: Cargo pipes are enclosed and thus almost preclude visual checks from outside. Strainer: After tank cleaning the strainers must be removed to clean their elements. spray. Any problem related to cargo tank preparedness needs to be attended to overall. visually checked as far as possible. rather than reactive attitude is a must. rather than with the approach of just passing cargo surveys. etc. Tank: Not only the tank bottom but also the following places which tend to collect cargo residues. should be checked. Chemical cargo maybe rejected due to impurity. The latter is for human consumption and contamination by any possible foreign substances harmful to health must be prevented. we can control only quality of carriage. and of sea water.) confirmed a. under floats. the vessel should check and eliminate all that may deteriorate cargo quality. when tank ports are opened. lower part of the heating coil. Observed differences in temperatures obtained by the indicator between probes and reference thermometer. The middle and upper sections of tank walls. Accordingly cleaning should be conducted carefully. cargoes must be handled with the greatest possible care. The blind sectors behind the inner structural members. animal or vegetable oil. 6. . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .13. c. In the case of the former. behind longitudinals etc. around pipe flanges. Of course. in some cases impurity detected by chromatography constitutes a reason for rejection. Cleanliness (This should be ascertained at the time of tank cleaning. When they are open the cleanliness of the relevant pipes connected thereto should be checked. and to be before loading.14 CARGO QUALITY CONTROL In line with the industry requirement for continuous improvement. For this purpose. To meet the severe requirements for cargo quality control. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . f. e. As complete cleaning is difficult. If neither of the above requests has been accepted. open the bottom plug first to discharge water inside the recess and then open the valve slightly to wash the seat and recess with water under pressure and discharge it through the bottom hole. should be drained by removing their bottom plugs. Cargo valve: Cargo valves which prevent internal visual inspections. b. Is the bulkhead between consecutive cargo tanks in good condition? The bulkhead must not have cracks.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. Spectacle flanges and spool pieces are used for segregating lines. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 13 of 19 d. When the bottom recess is found extremely stained.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. Cargo hose: The Terminal usually arranges connecting hoses from the shore to the manifold. etc. it should be cleaned by opening the bonnet. It can be cleaned to some extent in the following manner. Is the cargo piping system properly set to the relevant cargo tank? . pin holes and other defects causing cargo leaks. they may give an unfavorable impression that the entire piping systems are stained. The valve is closed and line is under pressure. spectacle flange. 2. Reducers are generally attached to cargo pipes at the manifold for connecting cargo hoses. If found stained the vessel should request the terminal to clean in the charterer's time or replaced with clean hose. reducer. When they are disconnected the inside cleanliness of the relevant lines should also be checked. However. It is absolutely necessary to use normal flange packing in order to connect them to pipes securely. Line-up of cargo tanks and lines: For cargo quality control and to prevent contamination the following should be checked: a. It is recommended to remove them to check the cleanliness from inside. which must be checked at the time of pre-loading survey as well as on all other occasions including tank cleaning. a surveyor's inspection should be requested and the fact should be acknowledged both by the surveyor and shore side representative. and checked by inserting a finger in their bottom holes. And if they are dirty. for which purpose they should be tested under air pressure for air leaks after they are fitted in place. Spool. the vessel should check the cleanliness of the hose from inside. e. the tank need not be inerted until after it has been filled with cargo. for example to reduce oxidization or to remove moisture in the ambience of the tank when a cargo is water sensitive. on some vessel banks of Nitrogen storage bottles will be provided. After spool pieces have been disconnected. of a lower quality than Nitrogen. the relevant flanges should be covered with blank flanges using proper flange packing. dry nitrogen will be required. Inerting cargo tanks may be for the reasons of quality control. 2. Generally this limit is less than 8% oxygen. At the same time. It is desirable to check by air pressure. which supplies Inert gas. Replacement of the air in the tank by an inert gas. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . thus only the ullage space required inerting. Where inert gas is used for quality control only. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 14 of 19 On board vessels equipped with the 'main cargo pipe line system'. setting of Cargo pipes and tanks should be confirmed. The oxygen content must be measured using the oxygen meter. i. For certain products including those reactive with water. 3. The normal media used for inerting is Nitrogen. tank lids gaskets or valve glands. . precautions must be taken to prevent the ingress of air into a tank. 5. checks should be given whether spool pieces and spectacle flanges are properly fitted in position.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. as their combinations are very complicated.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. Pure Nitrogen is obtainable from some shore terminals and. In the case of vessels equipped with the independent cargo line system. During loaded passage. the tightness of such spectacle or blank flanges as set in position. through the vacuum side of the PV valve. 6. Other vessels may be fitted with an inert gas/nitrogen generator.14. Air can be prevented from entering inerted tanks by maintaining a slight positive pressure in the ullage space. contamination with other cargo occurs only through the common manifold. Inerting is to be continued until the oxygen content of the tank atmosphere is reduced below the safe limit. Blank flanges should be fitted to unused and uncovered flanges on the cargo line. which requires checks to proper setting of the spool pieces. 4.1 Inerting Inerting is a process of controlling the cargo tank environment. 1. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . A certificate of inhibition from the manufacturer of the cargo should specify the following information. e. f. g. the Master must ensure that an inhibitor or stabilization Certificate is received and that the cargo is properly inhibited for the intended voyage. August 01. 2. This will be carried out by ships personnel and supplies of inhibitor and special instructions regarding the addition will be supplied at the time of loading.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY 6. d. however. 11. List of chemicals for which inhibition / stabilization certificate required 1. Company must be informed immediately. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 15 of 19 Oxygen content and pressure of tank inerted should be checked regularly as per Company's instruction and it must be recorded in the record book for the whole period of inerting operation maintained. Date inhibitor / stabilizer added to product Type of inhibitor / stabilizer added to product Quantity of inhibitor / stabilizer added to product Effective duration of the inhibitor / stabilizer added to product Temperature limits of the inhibitor / stabilizer added to product The effects of elevated temperature on the inhibitor / stabilizer added to product Action to be taken in case of abnormal temperature rise of the product.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. 6. he must exercise discretion where a certificate is not available. During a voyage the quantity of inhibitor may decrease as it is used up/or lost in vapourisation. i. a. b. h. Emergency contact numbers for shore advise/ assistance.2 Stabilisation / Inhibition If the cargo loaded is inhibited or requires inhibition for safe carriage. c. Care must be taken when handling the inhibitor because of its toxicity. Special attention must be given to the tank venting system which may become blocked by uninhibited cargo vapour condensate. Action to be taken if the lengths of the voyage exceed the effective life of the inhibitor Recommended method for determining inhibitor / stabilizer level and continued effectiveness. where the matter will be taken up directly with the shippers. The last resort will be to refuse to load such cargo. If difficulty is experienced in obtaining a certificate or any information needed to satisfy the requirements.14. More inhibitor may need to be added. Acetone cyanohydrin Acrylic acid 10. Isoprene Methyl methacrylate M . Master must exercise his utmost to comply with these requirements. j. 6. hence. 9. some of the terminals do purge the tanks and lines with N2.1 The two main factors which control the FFA content and therefore the cargo quality uring carriage: a. 8. 13. 4.16.16 OILS AND FATS The quality of vegetable oils and animal fats is determined largely on their Acid Value (AV) content. 6. 17.15 12. However where Inhibitors do not require O2. the higher the FFA content lower the quality of cargo. Where one pump has to be used to discharge more than one grade. 6.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY 3. where possible. HYDROLYSIS. 15. contamination could occur during discharging unless separate pump is available for this purpose. Parcels should not be stowed commingled without having received such loading orders. it decomposes into FFA and Glycerine.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. 7. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 16 of 19 Methyl acrylate Styrene monomer Vinyl acetate monomer Vinyl chloride Vinylidene chloride Vinyl toluene Some of the Inhibitors require Oxygen to stabilize the cargo. Oxidation Oxidization due to prolonged contact with mild steel in presence of oxygen. August 01. would lead to an increase in Free Fatty Acid content of the cargo. Although contamination of one grade with another can be avoided when loading by use of individual drop lines. Under certain conditions. and AV will become higher by increase in Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content. Parcels having different FFA shall not be loaded or discharge using the same line without the express approval of Company. 5. It is very important to ensure that the FFA content does not increase substantially during the voyage. 14. the unloading sequence should be planned to handle the higher grade parcel first. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Acrylonitrile Butadiene Butyl acrylate Decyl acrylate Ethyl acrylate 2 ethyl hexyl acrylate 2 hydroxyethyl acrylate NOTE: 6. Fat is combined of Glycerine and Fatty acid. A fresh oil. do not purge tank or lines with Nitrogen in such cases. STATIC ELECTRICITY Refer to Form manual for appropriate form. especially when fat is hot. 16. or fat has very low AV. Heat . b. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Oils and fats delivered to tank may contain a lot of air.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. to prevent cargo solidifying in the lines. which will give the oil or fat an incorrect specific gravity. The steam blowing process should be repeated to ensure all residual vegetable / animal oil has been removed. Similarly as soon as possible after discharging. Rapid heating of heated cargoes results in an increase in FFA content or discolouration of the cargo.0 0.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. Accepted cargoes list included in the annex.93/43 and NIOP. Free Fatty Acid of Product (Max.0 5. The product having FFA more than 2.0 PRODUC T Tung oil Palm oil (crude) RBD PO & NBD PO RBD PL & NBD PL F F A (%) 4. Transportation and carriage of Vegetable oils is regulated by regulatory bodies as well as the Fats and Oil industry itself. Clearing of lines immediately after loading is of paramount importance. If such cargoes are allowed to go cold during the voyage they may solidify making it difficult to convert them back into the liquid state by usual heating without burning. cargo lines should be steamed back into the tank. EU.5% must not be loaded in Inorganic zinc coated tank.0 3. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 17 of 19 Some oils and fats have a high melting point and must be heated to a high temperature to enable them to be discharged. 6.1 0.16. %) PRODUC T Caster oil Coconut oil (crude) = Philippines Coconut oil (crude) = Papua Corn oil (crude) F F A (%) 2. These are FOSFA.0 2.5 Less 1.1 . after the tank is certified dry. and aids oxidation. Air should be used for blowing through Semi dry and Non dry vegetable oils instead of steam.16.2 Loading and Discharging Drop lines should be used for loading oils and fats. Check the maximum allowable FFA allowed to load as per the vessel’s Tank Coating Manual. This occurs when cargo is in direct contact with side shells and its stiffeners making circulation impossible. 6.3 Loading Precautions Cargo tanks must be cleaned to a very high standard and be dry for loading Vegetable oils and Animal fats. Loading overall (Splash filling) increases this problem. S. etc.0 0. j. Oil tight hatches (OTH) Tank cleaning openings (TCO) Cargo lines (Flanges and valves) Vent lines and posts Level gauges (Flange and hand hole flanges.G.175 2.1 General All crew should make utmost efforts to prevent contamination of cargo. 6.O. 70 2. Motor area of the submerged cargo pumps Ullage holes Sounding pipes of C.175 2. Preventive measures for avoiding water contamination: a.25 Min. b. f. d. h. i. c.2 Water Contamination 1.0 RBD PS & NB PS Spilt Palm Stearin Palm acid oil Palm acid oil. 50 Min.175 2. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .0 17. Nitrogen purging lines I.16 0.5 0.5 2. etc) Hyd.2 0.0 0.T. e.16. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 18 of 19 0. 95 Min.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT. g.16.O.T. The chief officer must check the packing condition periodically of the following and defective packing must be replaced with new one immediately: i) Oil tight hatches (OTH) ii) Tank Cleaning Openings (TCO) iii) The cap of ullage holes and sounding pipes of C. .CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY Corn oil (refined) Cotton seed (refined) Cotton seed (semi-refined) Ground nut oil (crude) Ground nut oil (refined) Rape seed oil (crude) Rape seed oil (refined) Rape seed oil (Eruic acid) Rice bran oil (crude) Rice bran oil (semi-refined) 6. 2.0 MEASURES TO PREVENT CONTAMINATION 6. distillate Shea nut butter August 01. Anticipated parts of leakage in the cargo area on deck are a. inlet lines. ii) OTH and TCH to cover with canvas. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .O. where likely ingress of water during heavy seas is present. Particular care should be exercised during heavy weather wherein emphasis should be on vulnerable areas. The chief officer must carry out leak check at regular intervals: i) All valves. Tank cleaning openings. flanges on pump stack. etc. The duty officer should ensure that the OTH and TCO are sealed and covered when carrying cargoes which are sensitive. to chlorides and water i) Seal with silicon OTH. sounding and ullage holes.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 6 PT.T.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARGO CUSTODY August 01. The chief officer must cross check the sealed / covered condition of OTH / TCO and ensure the draining of all of vent-post frequently. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 19 of 19 b. c. flanges and pipes of the cargo lines ii) Vent lines and posts of C. . responsibilities and liabilities of the charter.1 August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. It is also essential that Masters do not release any information to any Charterers (voyage or time) concerning the Vessel’s condition without first consulting the Company. Normally the Owner is paid a hire rate per day while the vessel is on charter. without explaining in detail legal reasons behind all the points.2. Masters should not divulge commercial information relating to the vessel to any unauthorized party.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION SECTION 7 : 7. Owner Crew Stores and Provisions Maintenance Insurances Communications regarding ship Husbandry Fees Charterer Fuel Port and Canal Dues Pilotage Towage/LinIshimaen Agency Fees (except husbandry) Communications reg Voyage and Cargo Berth Dues Wharfage Stevedoring War Risk Insurance . They are intended to give basic guidance only. Time Charters can be for short (eg single voyages) or for long periods of time.2 CHARTER PARTIES It is a document containing the terms and conditions of the charter and defines the rights. when on Time Charter. 7. usually with restrictions on trading limits and cargoes (Owner's interest is protected). 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 12 OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION INTRODUCTION The following instructions will serve as a guide to Masters (and Chief Officers) in the commercial running of the vessel. 7.1. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . although the various Charter Parties may also require him to act as a servant of the Charterers.1 Time Charter In a Time Charter the Charterer hires the ship from the Owner for a set period of time. The following tables set out general rules of who is responsible for and who pays for what. The Master must remember that his principal commercial duty is always to the Company (Owners). 1. usually 72 hours SHINC (Sundays and holidays included).CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. i.e. For time spent in excess of agreed laytime. freight is earned on the basis minimum quantity of cargo intake guaranteed by charterers.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. any combination of load ports / discharge ports worldwide have a special ‘flat rate’ per ton cargo . Charterers are charged demurrage.2.2 Voyage Charter Under a voyage charter the vessel is put at the charterer’s disposal for the carriage of a full or part cargo from one or more ports to either named ports or destinations or ports within a certain range. Flat rate is obtained from Worldscale per ruling tariff. usually either at a freight rate per ton of cargo carried or for a lump sum freight to the Owner as agreed to in the charter party. Owner Stores and Provisions Maintenance Communications Insurances Fuel Port and Canal Dues Agency Fees Towage/LinIshimaen Pilotage Berth Dues Wharfage Stevedoring Freight Tax (sometimes see C/P) War Risk Insurance Charterer Crew Berth Dues (sometimes: See C/P) Wharfage (See C/P Terms) Stevedores (See C/P Terms) Cargo Dues/Freight Tax (See C/P) 7. The following tables set out general rules of who is responsible for and who pays for what when on Voyage Charter. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 12 Freight Tax 7.2 Freight Earnings Vessels are normally fixed according to Worldscale terms or as an alternative on lump sum basis. The charterers are granted a certain amount of time (laytime) within which to load and discharge the vessel.2. If fixed on basis Worldscale. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . There is no despatch in the tanker trade. 2. lashing material. He should check particularly for any clauses which describe the ship's capabilities/performance. If the vessel is fixed on a lumpsum basis.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. This basic freight rate is then multiplied by the Worldscale points that the owners and charterers have agreed upon. When either the Charter Party or Fixture Details is received onboard.g.: Shelltime 3. Owners normally obtain freight in excess of cargo fixed if any lifted usually at half the basic freight rate called 50k “overage”. as no additional freight is obtained for excess cargo over and above what is actually fixed. the Master must study it closely and ask his Ship Operator for advice if it is not clear. E. and vessel Performance (Sea . Exxonvoy. There may also be additional clauses because of the particular trade of the ship. which weather zones the vessel will transit enroute to the discharge port and possible bunker stem load port or enroute as well as bunker consumption during the voyage to the discharge port. This is also important because the Master will be required to sign for items such as pilotage. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . e. When fixed on Worldscale terms and conditions. etc. 7. because of the Charter Parties. trading areas and permitted cargoes. Owners are only obliged to lift the cargo as per fixture details and as such do not have the same incentive to increase the cargo intake as describe above. which although services supplied to the ship are. To these may be added particular terms. etc. If a voyage charter is involved then it will always be last in the chain. tugs. final terms amending Shellvoy 5. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 12 lifted. to arrive at the actual freight rate for the voyage.3 Charterers The Master should be aware that there could be chains of charterers. It is most likely that the ship will be chartered on such a standard form. eg: Owner to Head Charterer: (Time Charterer). a liability of one or other of the Charterers. it is imperative available but always subject to quantity stated in the charterers voyage orders.g. 7. Asbatankvoy. Any conflicting clauses are to be brought immediately to the attention of his Ship Operator. The Master is to be guided by the head charter party terms only and is advised that any subsequent sub charter parties received from charterers are to be used only for guidance. Therefore it is important that when charterers voyage orders are received Master calculates maximum cargo intake due consideration to the restrictions prevailing in the load port / discharge port.4 Charter Party Forms Over the years several standard forms of Charter Party have evolved.2. Head Charterer to Sub Charterer: (Time Charter or Voyage Charter). particularly in relation to Bill of Lading Clauses. canal dues.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. Above maximum cargo intake must be conveyed to the charterers via the operators in an endeavor to persuade the charterers to accept maximum lifting over and above the quantity actually fixed. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 12 performance and Pumping / Ballasting). he is reminded that he must not agree such items as deductions from hire. It can be either geographical or the introduction of an element of risk into the voyage which was not envisaged at the time of signing the Contract. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. If the vessel arrives at a port.2.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. NOR should be tendered on arrival after checking with the operators that it is in order to do so. the Owner's interests are paramount. If the vessel proceeds to an anchorage first. nevertheless the Notice must still be tendered immediately. Naturally the vessel must be in all respects ready to load or discharge before the NOR is given (i. Sometimes NOR is tender before commencement of lay days in order to give the Charterer an opportunity to accept the vessel earlier and also to utilize the 6 hours notice time. 7. It is essential that the Master notes protest on every occasion when shore facilities are not able to comply with the ship's performance and fully document the reasons In all circumstances. 7. Normally in order to be safe it is best to tender NOR immediately upon arrival load port or discharge port.2. The Statement of Facts must contain the date and time the NOR was tendered as accepted. tanks fully prepared). Off-Hire times with Charterers.e. the Notice must be tendered by telex or E-mail (Positive Confirmation to be sought). and should be followed by an official Notice in letterform at the first opportunity (which will normally be when the vessel berths alongside). If the vessel arrives before lay days commence. He must always only agree Statement of Facts and only then if they are correct. This is to borne in mind when deviations are being considered or reported for non-essential purposes. or if something has happened since the commencement of the voyage which makes the voyage impossible unless the deviation is effected. and first has to undergo a tank inspection. If a deviation is unjustified.6 Notice of Readiness (NOR) It is essential that the Notice of Readiness is tendered to the Charterer and/or his agent immediately in writing on arrival at a port. the ship owner can lose all rights of limitation and all the defenses and exception available to him. NOR establishes the start of laytime.5 Deviations A deviation is a departure from the intended voyage or Contract of Carriage.7 Laytime . A justifiable deviation is one which is required for the safety of property or life at sea. The rules for calculation of laytime vary considerably and the Master should careful read the clauses concerning notices. demurrage.2. Note: While the Master must make himself thoroughly familiar with Charter Parties. laytime and demurrage in the Charter party in question and ensure NOR is tendered at the right time. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 12 Laytime is the time allowed in the charter party for the purpose of loading or discharging as distinct from the transportation of cargo from one place to another. Any under/over performance should be discussed with the vessel operator. 2.9 Ship's Performance During Charter Every effort must be made to maintain the Charter Party Speed/consumption parameters and all Masters should check their charter parties carefully for the performance clause. Conversely if the ship cannot lift the nominated cargo the charterers are entitled to claim deadfreight from the Owners. The Statement of Facts provides the Owners with the best defence in arguing laytime/demurrage claims and should therefore contain as much information as possible. A representative of the installation must sign the above protests. it should be telexed to the shipper and Charterers before departure of the vessel to give these parties the opportunity to supply the required additional cargo. without acknowledgement of liability. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. If charterers present a deadfreight statement to the Master.2. Careful note must be made in the deck log book of weather conditions or currents which have adversely affected the ship's performance either in speed or consumption as this will be of great assistance to the Owners if the Charterers claim against poor performance. The Master is to be aware of the Charter Party requirements. 7.2. The following does not count as laytime: 1. a deadfreight statement is to be issued. 3. The Master should therefore be aware of the nominated cargo to load and where charterers do not provide the full quantity. The Master is to obtain a signature from charterer's Agent confirming that there is no more cargo available. Bunkering and possible steaming in this connection prior / after loading and discharging Time used for deballasting unless carried out concurrent with cargo Operation. Sailing time from anchorage to all fast time at first berth. Should the representative refuse to sign the protest. Stoppage ordered by the vessel for technical reasons. 7. Laytime is calculated in many different ways and it is important that the Master records all events in the Statement of Facts.8 Dead Freight When the Charterers cannot provide the nominated cargo the Owners are entitled to make a deadfreight claim on the charterers. 4. An entry should in this case also be made in the logbook that the terminal representative refused to sign the protest. he should sign "for receipt only". All delays whether for weather or any other reason are to be itemised.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. . regardless whether the vessel operates on a voyage or time charter. It only assists the terminal in reducing berth occupancy time in ports with high turnover / high berth. Six points should be checked before the B/L is signed: 1) Quantity – Lodge protest if there is a ship-shore difference. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 12 7. A misdated B/L is considered fraudulent. The master must check the B/L with utmost care before signing. the terminal normally compares their figures with the ship's figures. 5) Ports of Loading / Discharge – These with the description stated in the C/P 6) Payment of Freight – Ensure B/L is claused ‘Freight payable as per governing charter party’. 2) Description of cargo – It should be consistent with the cargo details contained in the fixture.10 Bill Of Lading It should be borne in mind that the Master signs the B/L on behalf of owners and not on behalf of Charterers or Shippers. EARLY DEPARTURE PROCEDURE Early Departure Procedure (EDP) is a procedure adopted by various oil loading terminals around the world to eliminate delays caused by preparation and signing of original documents upon completion of loading. 3) Date of B/L – The correct date is the date on which loading was completed and hose disconnected.2. The B/L is an owner’s document and third parties such as Charterers or shippers have limited powers to interfere with the master signing it. . IF THE MASTER HAS ANY QUERIES RELATING TO THE SIGNING OF BILLS OF LADING.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. If they are within certain pre-determined limits of each other and there is no disagreement. the Master has no authority to sign for goods which he knows have not been shipped. HE SHOULD NOT HESITATE TO CONTACT THE COMPANY IMMEDIATELY. 4) Terms and Conditions – It should be ensured that the same terms of C/P are incorporated in the B/L. In particular. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The system generally works as follows: - After completion of loading.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. the terminal will issue the vessel with verbal clearance to sail as soon as the pilot boards. nor has he authority to vary the terms of the charter party governing the vessel’s employment. and no third party can require him to do so. and 3) to deliver it to those whom he reasonably believes to be entitled to its possession. Before departure the Master must ensure that the details regarding shipper. Change of Destination If the Master receives an instruction to proceed to some port or place other than that which appears on the B/L. Delivery of the Cargo / Transhipment The Master must not commence discharging any cargo without first receiving an original B/L duly endorsed. If no original B/L is presented to him. There are three main areas where the Master may in practice become involved in problems of right delivery of the cargo.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. the Master has become responsible for it. The Master shall instruct the agent to act on his behalf with respect to signing the B/L. 2) delivery without presentation of original B/L. who may authorise the start of discharge against receipt of an appropriate Letter of Indemnity and/or Bank Guarantee. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 12 Some time after sailing the terminal will advise the vessel. consignee. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2) to discharge all the cargo (so far as is reasonably and physically possible). he should immediately contact the Company. The Master shall verify that the figures are within acceptable tolerances before instructing the agent to sign the Bills on his behalf. and 3) transhipment/lightening. grade and density are agreed with the terminal and ensure the Bills contain these basic details. of the Bill of Lading figures which are to be entered in the vessel's copies of documents and if there is no dispute the Master will authorize the agent to sign the original documents on his behalf. (Note that in certain dry cargo liner trades. On receipt of the shore figures the agent shall forward them to the Master by telex. he must draw this fact to the attention of the Company as soon as possible (regardless of where the instruction comes from). The Company through the Operator will then . Only the spaces for the quantity and final signature should be blank. normally via the agent. These are: 1) change of destination. Once the cargo has been received by the ship and Bills of Lading issued in respect of it.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION - August 01. Masters are not to agree to EDP procedure without permission from the Operator or the Company. His responsibilities are then as follows: 1) to perform the contract voyage without unreasonable delay and without deviation. presentation of original B/L's is also not common practice). The Master should on no account sign blank Bill of Lading. these must be kept safely filed on board.3. Unless the Master has received authorisation from the Company. The Master should contact the agents in advance of the vessel's arrival at the discharge port to ascertain if the B/L's have arrived. The list may differ for various Operators / Charterers but can be taken as a general guideline.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. The list may differ for various charters but can be taken as a general guideline. the Master must always consider whether or not this instruction is consistent with the B/L. Copies of documents handed to Master by the shore authorities. A Letter of Indemnity received on the ship is not sufficient. will the Company authorise the Master to change course to the new destination. If not. Notice of Readiness Tank inspection certificate. 7. Copies of protest letters. Under normal circumstances. he must immediately notify the Company and the Charterers.2 Discharge Port Documents Following is a list of documents that will generally have to be sent from the discharge port to Operators / Charterers. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Port log for the last port.3 TRANSHIPMENT/LIGHTENING On receiving the instruction to tranship or lighten all or part of his cargo. Only on receipt of confirmation of the LOI. he must maintain his course for the port specified in the Bill of Lading as the discharge port. Delivery Without Presentation of Original B/L If the original bill of lading is not presented to the Master at the discharge port. If it is not. .3. Statement of facts. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 12 seek the necessary letter of indemnity from the Charterers.1 Load Port Documents Following is a list of documents that will generally have to be sent from the load port to Operators / Charterers.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. Ullage report. then the Master must not commence discharge unless the Company has given prior authorisation. Dead freight statements. Document mentioned above must be sent to office only in case of any cargo discrepancies / dispute or as requested by Vektor Maritim. he should advise his Ship Operator who may then seek the appropriate LOI from the Charterers. 7. 7. 3.4 DOCUMENTATION 1. Pumping logs. If any person who is party to the voyage feels that his interest has not been properly served. Statement of facts. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 9 of 12 Port log for the last port. the time of the vessel is. the cargo pump discharge record constitutes the necessary evidence that the vessel performed as per charter party. very expensive. 2. which might influence the accuracy to this report. Ullage Report The ullage report is the vessels statement of cargo loaded on board as measured by the ship’s calibration tables. It should contain all details of significance that occur during the vessels stay in port. Port Log The port log normally describes all noteworthy events from End of Sea Passage to Full Away on Passage. her full cargo in 24 hours or alternatively maintain a back pressure of 100 psi at the manifold. Almost invariably a voyage C/P contains a warranty by the owner that the vessel can discharge. Copies of documents handed to Master by shore. Notice of Readiness. 5. . Tank Inspection Certificate This document serves as the starting point for a complete set of papers relating to the carriage of an oil cargo. It should be completed for all ports of call. he will seek to reduce the payments that he makes. General note In the chemical trade vessels have custody of very valuable cargoes. Similarly. in actual money-terms. The timings recorded therein should be the same as those recorded in the statement of Facts. Copies of protest letters. It is invariably required in the event of a cargo claim. or alternatively try to recoup by making a claim against the ship owner in a position to demonstrate the truth. such as heavy swell causing surge in tanks. Temperatures and water dips must be taken in each tank and recorded. Pumping Log In cases where demurrage falls due to the ship owner. Tank inspection report. 7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. The ownership of these cargoes may change hands several times during the voyage. 4. All of the following documents are therefore important. If there are factors. this should be noted on the form. Ullage Report. then these items must be protested against to protect the owner’s interest. Discharge without sighting original B/L The most fundamental way in which the Ship owner / Master protects the interest of the cargo owner is by ensuring that the cargo is actually discharged to the rightful owner. with all pumps running. After completion of the discharge. will easily discharge the cargo in 24 hours. but the specific wording as given. ownership of a particular parcel of oil / Chemical cargo may (and usually does) change many times. Shore restrictions. In common with other bulk commodities it is traded in a market environment in which speculation is a predominating feature. may be changed at the Master’s discretion depending on the circumstances. Because of this speculative interest. stoppage and delays should always be obtained on this document. Documents Handed To Master By Shore Charterers frequently engage surveyors on their behalf and they are usually distinct from surveyors appointed on behalf of the terminal or shippers. In such a case the Charterers must provide the Owners with suitable . and invoices for demurrage are prepared. In the case where. 7. How Claims Arise Oil or Chemical Cargo is a very valuable and highly tradable commodity.5 CHEMICAL CARGO CLAIMS 1. the final account for the voyage is drawn up. These are several standard letters of protest in use in the oil trade. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 10 of 12 It is for this reason that the back pressure on the manifold should be recorded hourly. Protest Letters If any issue arises where the Master feels that a possible claim or dispute may result. All of these parties who have a temporary ownership seek to protect their interest with regard to the quantity and quality they have bought or sold. The pump discharge record is most carefully scrutinized by both the owner and Charterer to check whether the vessel has performed as warranted. 2. It may happen that it is impossible for the cargo owner to present an original B/L at the discharge port. Copies of the details recorded by these persons will normally be handed over to the Master. 7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. In other words. Note that these documents may become very important in case of a claim or dispute and they should be carefully checked especially if required to be signed by the Master. 100 psi cannot be reached. provided 100 psi is maintained at the manifold the owners position is protected. The ship owner is placed in a difficult situation of protecting the interest of the person to whom he will deliver and also his interest. 6.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. the owners position is protected by the fact that the pumps. no matter how slowly the cargo goes out. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . at their design speed. They provide that if there is any pumpable cargo remaining on board at the end of the discharge. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . c. B/L figure and ship’s arrival figure at the discharge port. and in such a case every endeavor should be made to save time by making preparations beforehand. Preparation Of Shipping Documents In some ports or berths. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 11 of 12 guarantees. In addition if the quantity of ROB is miscalculated by the surveyor. Under no circumstances must discharge be commenced without specific authorization from the owners or without sighting one original B/L. . Demurrage Claims In a poor market for ships it is vital that the ship owner is able to substantiate his claim for demurrage. If draining is not performed adequately these claims can be very expensive. B/L figure and shore out-turn figure. The Charterer will often have a parallel claim for demurrage against the installation and he will ask for the ship’s documentation to support his claim. 6.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01. b. sailing or shifting time may be restricted by various elements including tide. To refute this claim it should be ensured that any cargo remaining on board is actually unpumpable. will be deducted from total freight earned. If the documentation in fact does not support the Charterer's claim against the terminal. 4.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. Dry certificate: These documents should be prepared prior to entering port or berthing so that they may be signed right after a tank survey (inspection). it will not support the owner's claim against the Charterer. 3. These clauses are more often then not found in voyage charter parties. a consequent incorrectly large deduction form freight is made. then the values of the ROB cargo. If the ship’s “experience factor” applied to B/L figure results in a close approximation of the ship’s figure at load port. Claims under the bill of lading These claims may be used on comparison between the following quantities: a. Shipping documents Notice of Readiness. Retention Clauses 5. It is largely for this reason that the documentation relating to cargo operations is vitally important. plus freight. then the claim for intransit loss may be based on ships figure at load port minus ship’s figure at discharge port. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Shipping Order. For additional details refer Section 6. OFF SPEC CARGO: A major part of the claims on Chemical tankers occur due to quality rather than quantity. Even slight moisture content. FP. Letter of Protest. or a little bit of overheating to an adjacent compartment can make a parcel of cargo off spec. and NVM. In every such case the PNI Club should be called in or a witness to protect Owners interests. Cargoes are subjected to a wide variety of tests like CL test and Spectrometry besides the usual for colours. Mate's Receipt: All items except the loaded quantity should be typed up before completion of loading to save time. . Also sample taking and retaining cannot be over emphasized. each time such data are available. Ullage Report. Stringent cargo custody procedures should be followed to prevent cargo claims.CHEMICAL TANKERS OIL / CHEMICAL CARRIAGE INFORMATION August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 7 PT. so as to save time for completing documentation. in consultation with Company. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 12 of 12 Time Sheet: Any unclear item or time should be checked with a surveyor in good time and entries should be made in such sheet by typing. acid-proof rubber gloves and boots. Corrosive chemicals pose a hazard by: Attacking materials: Care is required during stowage planning such that in addition to tanks where these chemicals are stowed.g. alkalis (Caustic soda etc). Hydrofluoric acid and caustics are particularly dangerous to the eyes. Inhalation exposures to high concentrations of corrosives can cause serious lung injuries or even death if the exposure is not terminated. . VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Contributing to fire hazards: Many acids are oxidizers that support combustion.11 for special precautions for acids. e. Nitric. Phenol.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. helmet. Caustics can also participate in reactions that evolve hydrogen. the equipments used for handling these chemicals are also not damaged by the chemical. face shield or full respirator. some organic materials (Phenol etc). Refer to IBC Section 15. CORROSIVE CHEMICALS Corrosive chemicals are substances that cause visible destruction or permanent changes in human skin tissue at the site of contact. for example sodium hydroxide in contact with zinc.1 PRECAUTIONS FOR CARGO WORK PRECAUTIONS BEFORE TRANSFER 1. Directly attacking tissue: Injuries to the eyes are a special concern. Hydrofluoric acid is also a serious skin hazard.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES SECTION 8: August 01. which can cause splatter. Some corrosives are flammable. All personnel engaged in cargo work must wear protective clothes. Phosphoric acids). 8. Mechanical damage to equipment aggravated by heating is also a possibility. Acids are particularly hazardous when they react with metals.. Creating heat when they contact water. Possessing inherent toxicity. Generating hydrogen gas. The major classes of corrosives include strong acids (Sulphuric. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 17 CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES A. halogens or halogen salts (Sodium Hypochlorite). or are highly corrosive to steel. Creating heat when acids and caustics mix. Splash shields to be put on manifold connections. 2.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. cargo hoses. Monitor the loading rate at regular intervals and ensure the loading rate is as agreed upon. loading to resume only after rectification of leaks. 8. Handle the valves slowly and smoothly to prevent the pressure surge in the cargo line which generates abnormally high pressure. Discuss the following with the shore: a) Quantity of cargo to transfer. 5. When . Pressure test the loading lines prior loading and once the shore connection are made. Work other than cargo work must be prohibited. pressure limit c) Maximum working pressure at cargo hose and pipe line d) Security regulations of the shore e) Other necessary information 9. and do not close the valves of tank completed before the valves of next set of tanks are opened. 7. if any are identified in the system must immediately be rectified after suspension of loading. Start at a slow rate. Discuss plan for cargo work and other procedures including communication method with the shore and advise all the crew concerned. pumps and shore facilities. 6. Check ship's lines. 3. 4. 5. it must be thorough enough to ensure that there is no liquid left in the line prior disconnecting. specific gravity and temperature. The method to remove the remaining liquid in the cargo lines will differ depending on facility available ashore. When change loading tank. 4. if any into the drip pan.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. be careful with the valve handling. Check condition of cargo hoses beforehand (Check leakages or other defects in the hose support system and any abnormal stress caused at the Manifold). When disconnecting cargo hoses (or loading arms). Whatever the method used. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 17 2. soap test the entire line for leak detection. Gasket must be Teflon and tools must be of non-spark type. 2. increase the rate and pressure gradually as planned. Check and set the valves and transferring line for commencing cargo as agreed with the shore. polyethylene or stainless steel and marked properly with the last date of pressure test and testing pressure. but care must be ensured that no liquid is spilled. b) Discharging or loading rate. Check the condition of flange connection gasket and tools. PRECATIONS AFTER TRANSFER 1. Leaks. Cargo hoses to be used for cargo handling must have certificates issued by classification society and made of acid-proof material such as polypropylene. the flange connection at the manifold must be opened after opening the drain valve slowly to release the pressure in the line and drain the remaining liquid. If everything going well. PRECAUTIONS DURING TRANSFER 1. 3. and put into the sea as deep as possible. face shield or full face-piece respirator and protective wears. etc. 3. loading rate. (Commencement. Watch out for vapour release or splash of the acid.1 Precautions PRE-LOADING CONFERENCE 1. Discharge through under water overboard line is not recommended.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. The following items must be agreed with the shore personnel through the preloading conference. Cargo hose for discharging must be connected to the leeward manifold and set the cargo hoses overboard. 2. When opening Manhole hatch-cover. a. change of tanks. After completion of cargo work. temperature. Loading sequence of the vessel's cargo tanks and cargo quantity to be loaded into each tank.3.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. 3. Close all the openings of the deck house. specific gravity. Arrangement of personnel on shore and aboard and communication procedure. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . c. 3. close all the valves prior disconnection of hoses. Diameter of shore connection (or loading arm). If possible do not use the sea suction line on discharge side.2 JETTISON Observe the following when jettisoning is unavoidable in an emergency 1. a bucket full of FRESH WATER or have running FRESH WATER from ship's line beside manhole hatch. 8. apart from the hull as far as possible. Protective equipment must be washed and cleaned soon after completion of taking ullages or taking sample. Cargo quantity to be loaded. maximum loading pressure. PRECAUTIONS FOR OPENING MANHOLE 1. start from lower part to allow flow of remaining cargo. To avoid inhaling vapor and mist. etc) d.3 CARGO LOADING 8. Crew engaged in this work must wear all the necessary protective equipment. 5. Choose safe waters to discharge and proceed with wind direction from astern. if any downward. 2. stand near the hatch at 90 degree to relative position of wind direction. bolts and nuts must be loosened slowly to release the pressure in the tanks slowly. b. (better to know these beforehand for preparation.) . 8. Prepare and wear the necessary PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. 4. completion. 6. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 17 loosening the flange bolts. 3. PRE-LOADING PREPARATORY PROCEDURE 1. Cargo loading plan including intended loading tanks. Loading hose to be connected to the manifold with intact Teflon flange 6. Emergency communication mode. Drain valve of the tray to be closed tightly and fitted with blank flange. Drip tray beneath the manifold to be cleaned and remove all foreign matters. 4. 2. 2. following to be adhered to: 1. other particulars and precautions of cargo work are to be posted at a noticeable place in the Cargo Control Room. All the drain cocks are closed tightly c. sequence of loading.3. Adjust loading rate of each tank to avoid abnormal list (heel) or trim when loading some tanks simultaneously. 7. Ship shore safety checklist should be diligently filled in. 2. 2. Loading valves of the cargo tank to be loaded first are opened full. loading lines. Cargo tanks to be checked thoroughly internally and externally. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 17 e. All the unnecessary valves are closed tightly b. 3.2 Loading Operation START LOADING 1. Safety regulations and safeguard standards of the shore facility. .CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. 8. d. 5. Condition of the concerned valves to be checked to ensure: a. f. The responsible officer should always be well aware of the progress of loading and condition of ballast. increase loading rate gradually to the agreed rate and thereafter keep a continuous check on system leakages and other abnormalities. 3. If everything is found to be normal. All the flange bolts of the connection flange between the manifold and the loading hose to be tightened evenly and splash guard to be fitted on the connection. Measure the ullages at an interval of one hour (or less when loading rate is higher or quantity to load is smaller) and calculate loaded quantity and current loading rate to check if the rate is appropriate and notify the shore. procedure. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The manifold valve is opened full. etc.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. Open the manifold valve after lining up and start loading. Notify the concerned crew and the shore of estimated time of changing loading tanks well in advance. DURING LOADING During loading operation the following should be performed in accordance with the HOURLY CHECK LIST. Check the transfer system for leakage and any other abnormalities. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 17 CHECKING LOADING TANKS AND TOPPING OFF 1. Adequate notices to be given to shore prior completion of loading. Regular comparison of the quantity loaded should be made with the shore and discrepancies should be looked into immediately. 2. Monitor the level of the tank being topped continuously until completion, close the loading valve soon after the ullage reaches the planned figure. 3. After topping off the tank the ullage to be monitored continuously for a while for change caused by leakage of the valve, etc. 4. Topping off to continue in the above manner for other tanks until the last set of tanks. 5. About one hour before estimated completion of loading (last set of tanks), the quantity remaining to be loaded to be ascertained with shore and confirmed to be in order (as planned). This procedure to repeat again about 20 minutes before completion and the shore requested to reduce the rate to the agreed rate for final topping off. AFTER LOADING 1. The ships manifold shall be closed only after the shore valves have been shut off. 2. The loading hose and line shall be blown through with the agreed medium (usually Nitrogen) to empty the ship/shore lines. 3. Close the manifold valve and loading valves after completion of line blowing. 8.4 CARGO DISCHARGING 8.4.1 Preparation PRE-DISCHARGING CONFERENCE 1. The following items must be agreed with the shore personnel during the predischarging conference. a. Cargo quantity to be discharged, specific gravity, temperature, discharging rate. b. Discharging sequence of the vessel's cargo tanks and cargo quantity to be discharged from each tank. c. Arrangement of personnel on shore and aboard and communication procedure. (commencement; completion; change of tanks, etc.) d. Diameter of shore connection (or loading arm), maximum loading pressure, etc. (better to know these beforehand for preparation.) e. Emergency communication mode, procedure, etc. f. Safety regulations and safeguard standards of the shore facility. 2. The "SHIP SHORE AGREEMENTS" shall be completed together with the shore personnel and signed by the responsible persons from the shore and the vessel. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 17 8.4.2 Discharging Operation START DISCHARGING 1. Open the manifold valve, confirm shore valves are open, and start discharging. 2. Check the transfer system for leakages and other abnormalities. 3. If everything is found to be normal, increase loading rate gradually to the agreed rate and thereafter keep a continuous check on system leakages and other abnormalities. DURING DISCHARGING During discharging operation the following should be performed in accordance with the HOURLY CHECK LIST, which should be placed at a noticeable position in the cargo control room and the responsible officer should always be well aware of the contents and progress of discharging so that he can answer to the inquiry from the shore immediately. 1. Measure the ullages at regular interval and calculate the discharge quantity and current discharging rate to check if the rate is appropriate and notify the rate to shore as required. 2. Notify the concerned crew and the shore of estimated time of changing discharging tank well in advance. 3. Keep appropriate list (heel) and trim during discharging. 4. Due to the high specific gravity of these cargoes, careful check should be kept on the back pressure in the line. Surge pressure is to be avoided and at all costs. 5. On completion of discharge, do not open any tank opening such as tank dome or butterworth port to prevent oxidation by Oxygen in a damp air. 8.5 CARGO TANK CLEANING Recommended tank cleaning procedures for Acids: 1. 2. 3. Washing should be commenced with Fresh Water as soon as possible after discharge. On completion of discharge, keep the tank sealed if washing cannot be commenced, to prevent Oxidation by O2 and damp air. Oxidation leads to tank discoloration in the case of acids. The tank changes colour to brown, green and sometimes black. Acids are more corrosive at lower concentrations, eg: Sulphuric acid is most corrosive between 20-80% concentration, before commencing FW Butterworth, the cargo pump should be started, & residues left in the cargo tank bell mouth should be pumped out. Thereafter the tank cleaning pump started and FW Butterworth commenced. Large quantities of FW should be introduced into the tanks to rapidly reduce the concentration of the acid in the Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 17 tank below the required concentration, and the cargo pump should be operated continuously to prevent any build up of washings in the tank. Do not collect the cleaning water in any other tank, as this will damage the tank structure. The washings should be discharged using cargo hoses on leeward side as deep as possible into the sea. Washing should continue, until PH value is 7. However, it may sometime so happen that even after washing for 30 minutes in 2 steps (3m/15min, 7m/15min) the PH value is not 7, in which case, stop the wash and gas free the tank. Once the tank is gas free, the crew should wear PPE and hand wash the tank with Fresh Water, especially under the heating coil, behind the pump stack and on the U-clamps securing the coils and other blind sectors. On completion of above, should check the PH value at the pump stacks and keep washing till PH 7 is achieved. On completion of washing, mop/dry and gas free the tank, to prevent Oxidation. Keep the tank dry for 1 – 2 days. On completion of tank cleaning and gas freeing, tank should be made to CHECK CLOSELY FOR CORROSION in the following areas: IN THE TANK a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Tank top plate and suction well. Tank walls at lower section. Welding seams Cargo pump, including impeller, mouth ring, casing, pump supports and bolts/nuts. Cargo line especially at welding seams. Heating coils especially welding seams, bolts/nuts of pipe supports. Level gauge including guide pipe, supports of guide pipe and float. Ladder and its accessories at lower section. ON DECK 1. Valves and drain pipes including disc and seat, spindle and drain cocks/valves and plug. 2. Cargo lines, especially welding seams and sagged parts which have pockets to retain cargo. 3. Teflon packing used in the transfer system should be frequently inspected and renewed as required. 8.6 HANDLING & PRECAUTIONS – SULPHURIC and PHOSPHORIC ACID The Physical and Chemical characteristics, associated dangers of acid and measures required in case of emergency are essential for the safe transportation and handling. The basic essential matters required to be known by the crew for carriage of sulphuric & phosphoric acid are as follows, Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 17 1. Wear necessary protective equipment for cargo handling and prepare abundant water in anticipation of leakage of the acid, accidental exposure of human body to the acid, etc. 2. Check frequently for leakage of the acid from transfer lines. Refer to the IBC Code 15.11.7, BCH Code 4.8.7 and follow SNSO procedure for routine leak detection of Acid into adjacent spaces. 3. Use Teflon gaskets of good shape for all the flange connections especially for the manifold flange. 4. For tank cleaning, follow the procedure stated in the cleaning section. 5. Check the tank closely for corrosion of tank structure, cargo pump, etc., after tank cleaning. 6. Study the MSDS for its main characteristics, health hazards and immediate actions needed in case of any spills and exposures. Protective Equipment: Following equipment must be maintained and ready to use all the time and they must be acid proof: Goggles, protective clothes, rubber boots, rubber gloves, and face piece respirator with acid filter element. Prepare OXYGEN MASK and LIFE LINE at hand. Ventilation: Ventilate enclosed space sufficiently. Water: Prepare hoses from hydrants of Seawater or freshwater at the site of working area to be able to use large amount of water. 8.6.1 Sulphuric acid First Aid The following explanation is just for First Aid, so in case of injury doctor must be arranged as soon as possible for proper diagnosis and treatment. If the patient gets burns, the sulphuric acid must be removed at first. Early removal will enable subsequent easier treatment. Prepare first aid kits and medicines at hand, storage position must be marked. Contact with Eyes: Immediately wash down with clean water for more than 15 minutes. After that put 2 ~ 3 drops of 0.5% Pentocaine or local anesthetic of equivalent effect into eyes. Do not use oily ointment without doctor's instruction. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 9 of 17 Contact with Skin: Immediately wash down with large amount of water for sufficient time and take off clothes. Do not neutralize burnt part with alkali. In case of serious extensive burns, the patient may go into a shock. If the patient shows any minor symptom, lay him down facing upward, and make him comfortable by warming as necessary until doctor’s attendance. If Swallowed: Arrange doctor immediately! When the patient is conscious, don't make him vomit by force. When the patient vomits in an unconscious condition, be wary about the dangers of suffocation. PRECAUTIONS FOR STOWAGE PLANNING Cargoes Requiring Special Care when Previous Cargo Is Acid 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Solidifiable cargoes such as Wax and Polymerising cargoes. Amines. Mineral Oils (Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil, Naptha) Creosote, Cresol, Napthaline, Resin Oil. Strongly remaining Hydrocarbons such as Phthalate Vegetable oil and Animal oil Cargoes containing water and remaining dry residue such as Lignin Pitch, Caustic Soda Note: In case of loading Reactive cargoes such as Alkali such as Amines, Caustics, acidity by residue of Sulfuric acid must be removed completely by cleaning, and checking the pH-value of tank bulkheads, bottom and lines with Litmus paper. Most cargoes are suitable as next cargo of Sulfuric acid. Stowage 1. 2. Not only Reacting substance or Heating cargoes but also ballast water must not be loaded in adjacent tanks. As specific gravity of acids is high loading quantity must be decided considering "Designed S.G." of the tank construction. Preparation of Tank for Loading Sulfuric Acid 1. Completely dry-up the tanks, cargo lines and vent lines. 2. Remove oily substances, dried residue of previous cargoes and trace of detergent. a. Usually no Wall Wash test, only through visual inspection of following parts, sometimes even by rubbing for traces of previous cargo: Temperature 450C (If in excess of any 2 items of above 1 to 4. .4.e. Ensure to have on board sufficient acid spray shields to cover flanges on manifold and hose connections according to IBC code 15. and at 300°C it becomes metaphosphoric acid. etc. LINE.4 and BCH code 4. Loading. it becomes pyrophosphoric acid. b. HEATING COIL SUPPORT.8.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. Chlorides 200 PPM 4. BELLMOUTH OF CARGO PUMP.11. Fluoride (F) and Chloride (Cl) in the ‘BK PAC’ and ‘GREEN PAC’ may cause corrosion on stainless steels. After cleaning the Chlorides have to be removed from the tanks as soon as possible by steaming and mopping of the condensed water.2 Phosphoric acid Phosphoric Acid exists as a colorless crystal at room temperature. Phosphoric Acid continues to change as you heat it more. Precautions During. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Conc.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. an increase of the Fluoride or Chloride concentration. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 10 of 17 TANK WALL. more severe corrosion is to be expected. will damage the tank and discolour) Equipment Planning: Ensure to have on board sufficient acid resistant hoses for the cargo transfer. phosphoric acid has a pleasing acid taste. In its liquid form it is clear syrup. Conc. Conc. H3PO4 is also soluble in both water and alcohol. 1. Depending on the previous cargo. and it melts at 21 °C (Pure). surveyors will take one-foot sample and check. Discharge And Tank Cleaning Before loading. i. the tanks have to be cleaned with fresh water as soon as possible. P205 48 – 54% 2. After discharge. (‘Colour’) 8. BOTTOM SIDE OF HEATING COIL. TANK BOTTOM. The presence of Ferric (Fe) and Aluminum (Al) ions is beneficial from a corrosion point of view. When the composition of the Phosphoric Acid is changing. CO4 4% 3. The above parts must be cleaned properly. When it reaches a temperature of 200°C. The presence of Sulphate (SO4). and when it is sufficiently diluted. master must check the quality of cargo (asking the operator or surveyor) and ensure that the composition does not exceed the following maximum ranges. Voyage.6. If it is expected that the particular acid contain sediments ensure to have on board sufficient portable acid resistant equipment for recirculation of acid tanks for discharge operation. Preloading and Loading Phosphoric Acids are shipped as different grades which may vary on purity and acid concentration (e. In some cases the cargo acid may be loaded at temperatures greater than ambient. and that the specific information requested by the steel manufacturer is obtained. etc).g. commercial. Steam must not be used for heating. It is important the Ship Operator is consulted before loading any Phosphoric Acid that is over 400C. Check with the Ship Operator if a wall wash is required. it is necessary to blow the pump stack with compressed air at least once a day. Wet Process Phosphoric Acid Almost all wet process phosphoric Acids contain solid particles that may form adherent deposits. a very high degree of tank cleanliness is necessary.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. Maximum Temperature: 820C. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Super Phosphoric Acid The SPA should be heated and kept at a temperature of 650 C. Cargo pump seal (cargo seal & oil seal) integrity should carefully be examined prior to loading. . Food grade. arrangement for circulating the liquid above the tank top should be prepared. wet processed fertilizer grade. Therefore. as maximum allowable coil temperature is 900C. This sediment layer. the cargo will normally not be loaded. The steel surface of the tank top may be attacked during the voyage. If the temperature of the acid is exceeding 500C. Heating must be done with adjacent cargoes or by use of water or thermal oil. Minimum Temperature: 600C. if left undisturbed. Depending upon the origin this can have an adverse effect on the stainless steel. Wet Phosphoric Acid The solids (impurities) in the WPA will quickly settle out and build up a thick heavy sediment layer on the tank top. For proper handling ensure the grade is known. a few minutes to ensure that the impeller is operating freely. could block the pump impeller and make pumping impossibly. Pure Phosphoric Acid Since pure Phosphoric Acid (80% solution) is used as additives in food and beverages. Excessive heat rapidly degrades the SPA. Precautions during Voyage Pure Phosphoric Acid 80% freezes at 50C and may therefore require heating in cold climate. The pump should be run slowly. To prevent pump blockage. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 11 of 17 High wear and tear on pumps cargo seals from acid containing sediments can be expected.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. Recirculation of cargo via acid resistant hoses and portable machines may be necessary in order to remove/minimize the sediment remaining in tanks. . It should consist of acid resistant hoses and tank cleaning machines.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. The following method should be use Rig portable equipment. the SPA becomes very viscous and un-pumpable. from pump-stack to available tank openings. Discharging precautions Following to be noted with respect to cargo lines/hoses & sediments in acid – . In such cases care must be taken not to quickly open or close valves in the pump system as this causes pressure surges that may rupture lines or hoses. Flush sediments out of the first empty tank-by using "good acid" from another tank. . very high pump pressure may be experienced.Because of the high gravity of Phosphoric Acids. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 12 of 17 At temperatures below 600C.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Maximum allowable temperature on the heat media is 900C. Discharge the small tanks first. When the first tank has become "sediment free" refill the same tank with "good acid" which is to be used when flushing the sediment from the last remaining tank. MARPOL Annex II. Cleaning and Slop Disposal Wet Process Phosphoric Acid Cleaning The corrosion phenomena occurring in wet process phosphoric acid are very complex. IMO.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. A clean acid of this strength is not very corrosive to stainless steel. In addition to using all available tank-cleaning machines put additional water into the tank using ballast pump. Phosphoric Acid (75-85%) Cleaning If sediment remains in the tank fresh water should preferably be used. The corrosion is affected by various impurities normally present in wet process acid. fresh water should be used as cleaning medium but if not available large amounts of seawater must be used/added to the tank. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Ensure the tank and its associated line system is cleaned until all deposits are washed out and a neutral PH value is obtained. If sufficient fresh water is not available the cleaning method described above for wet process phosphoric acid. The slops are always to be disposed according to: Regulations for control of pollution by noxious liquid substances in bulk. should be followed. Just prior to stopping the cleaning of the tank ensure all line systems and hoses used are free from acid/acid residue. Preferably. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 12 of 17 It may be necessary to position the machines (vertically & horizontally) to break down lumps of sediment. Acid/sea water mixture remaining in lines and stainless steel hoses will soon result in pitting. This acid can therefore be regarded as the most difficult chemical that can be carried in stainless steel tanks.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. . A normal concentration of wet acid is 54%. 7 GENERAL INFORMATION August 01. Chemical cargoes (Annex II) which require heating.1 for definitions. Non dry type vegetable oils and animal fat 2. Group Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Name of Cargoes COCONUT OIL HYDROGENATED CORN OIL HYDROGENATED RAPESEED OIL PALM OIL KAPOK OIL PEANUT BUTTER ACETIC ACID BENZENE Tert-BUTANOL CRESOL CYCLOHEXANE Para-DICHLOROBENZENE DICHLOROBENZENE DIMETHYL ANILINE (DMA) ETHYLENEDIAMIDE (EDA) FATTY ALCOHOL FORMIC ACID HEXAMETHYLENE DIAMINE (HMDA) NAPHTHALANE NITTROBENZENE ACETONE CYANOHYDRIN(ACH) ETHYL ACRYLATE ETHYL METHACRYLATE ISOPRENE Alpha-METHYLSTYRENE Name of Cargoes HOG GREASE (LARD) TALLOW o-NITROCHLOROBENZENE n-PENTANE PHENOL POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL (PPG VORANOL) POLYETHYLENE POLYAMINE POLY ISOBUTYLENE (PIB) POLSILOXANE POTASIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI) UNDECYL ALCOHOL Para-XYLENE METHYL ACRYLATE(MA) METHYL METHACRYLATE(MMA) OTHER ACRYLATES . CARRIAGE OF SOLIDIFYING / HIGH VISCOSITY CARGOES 8. Solidifying cargoes commonly carried are of the following types: 1. 3. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Necessary precaution should taken for cargo operations involving solidifying cargoes especially item (2) which will swiftly be solidified and thereafter an enormous time is required for melting as compared to an animal and a vegetable oil. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 13 of 17 Refer to: Section 4. Cargoes liable to polymerize under the influence of heat and/or light. Solidifying cargoes which are regularly carried on chemical tankers can have serious problems due to minor faults of handling & maintenance. 4.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT.12.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES B. 4. If nitrogen gas is used in cargo operation. A leaking cargo valve can lead to serious problems during cargo operations. as far as possible the integrity of cargo valves should be tested during every tank cleaning operation. Checks for submerged pump (a) Ensure there are no remains of previous cargo in the cofferdam of the pump. which are prone to polymerize the steam inlet line should be blanked. If vessel carries heat sensitive cargoes.3 PENTADIENE STYRENE MONOMER(SM) VINYL ACETATE MONOMER(VAM) 8. (c) Ensure steam traps are in good condition (e) Prior loading heating cargoes at loading port. 8. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 3. 2. steam or nitrogen). 2. Care should be taken while line blowing with air or nitrogen gas to prevent tank over pressurization and care should be exercised such that cargo does not enter the air/steam line. Shore (or barge) facilities and method for blowing from shore. start steam slowly and check for leakage in pipelines in tank and on deck.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. heating coils may be inspected with surveyor.7. 1. Check cargo heating system (a) Drain water from heating pipeline and steam pipeline by air blowing. Leak check of valves should be performed. (b) After checking as above (a) is completed. 3.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. Whether blowing is performed from shore (or barge) or not and the time it is required to be carried out. self-containing breathing apparatus and air –line type gas tight suit which if available should be placed in addition to above. .7.1 General precautions Preparation of personnel protection Incase of handling of solidifying cargoes categories (2) and (3) suitable personnel protections should be used. Pre-meeting for line blowing At the pre-meeting between vessel and terminal representatives the line blowing method should be discussed and agreed upon (air. The number of times of blowing. The method of blowing and arrangement for line-up. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 14 of 17 1. oxygen resuscitator. 4.2 Checks before loading 1. There are pockets that are difficult to keep clean and from stagnation. The condition of tank bottom should be checked by a sounding tape or rod at regular intervals during voyage. 5. 4. which belong to group (2) list of solidifying/toxic cargoes and corrosive substances like caustic soda.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. Air or nitrogen for blowing from shore for removing. However if a nitrogen padding has been carried out in the tank or toxic/hazardous atmosphere is suspected in the tank this check is strictly prohibited. taking into consideration the difference between loadable tank volume to go and an estimated cargo quantity to be blown. 2. When handling solidifying cargoes. Vessel’s equipped with deck heater system should follow its maker’s Instruction to check for a condition of pump pipeline. especially those regarding water/cargo sealing and purging of cofferdam. Master to receive heating instruction from the shipper or surveyor at the load port.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES 5. 2. heating unit and heat exchanger etc. . Solidified cargo in the pipeline including a drain pipe after loading operation should be thawed out by heat using hot water or steam. 6.7. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . August 01. 8. Therefore all the lines related to cargo work should be free from any drain before loading. 3. if same is not available after request.3 Checks after loading 1. maker’s instruction for submerged pumps should be followed. Confirm that the cargo line drain is free prior to loading.B. 8. Checks should be carried out always to confirm whether cargo is solidified in the pipeline of pump stack or at position of manifold. The location on the pipelines that are prone to stagnation should be checked before loading. master to issue a LOP and immediately inform company. Vessel must blow the remaining cargo in each pipeline off each cargo tank after the shore hose is disconnected. Fresh water must be prepared for an emergency when handling phenol etc. N. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 15 of 17 (b) A general leak check (cofferdam purging) from mechanical seals of pump should be performed in accordance with maker’s instruction.7. remaining cargo in pipelines should be requested to loading master or surveyor.4 Checks during voyage 1. Vessel equipped with submerged pumping system to leave the filling and delivery valves open for a few days to prevent cargo residues remaining in the pipe line from solidifying. The temperature of cargo should be maintained in accordance with its heating instruction. 5. Cargo temperature is maintained in accordance with heating instructions. do not blow into such tanks. Leak check of the cofferdam of submerged pump to carry out in accordance with maker’s instruction manual. 8. To prevent the polymerizing cargo from solar heat. Additionally kick start the cargo pump with the delivery valve closed to ensure area around the suction well is clear of solidified cargo and the pump impellor is free to turn. • Above items (a) and (b) are carried out only under suitable weather condition and not SW spray on deck. 5. . Always air blow the pipelines used for circulation of cargo after completion of circulation.5 Checks before unloading The following items are not only to be carried out before discharge but also a few days before entering port – 1. August 01.7. Before line blowing.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. the deck within cargo area can be cooled by sprinkling water over a designated area. • In case closed cargo circulation is being carried out. 4. heating coil drains to be regularly checked for leakages.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES 3. run the cargo pump with the delivery valve closed to confirm the heating effect. Above check is required to ensure no cargo residue remains in the pipeline underneath valve body. The hammer used for testing should be of non spark type. (b) For cargoes which require an atmosphere of nitrogen gas or categorized as hazardous cargo. The vent pipeline can be covered by wet lagging or with a wet waste rag. 2. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 16 of 17 Before starting to heat. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . If an atmosphere of tank is under nitrogen gas. (a) Confirm by sounding the bottom (Clear sound of the bob striking the bottom plate will mean no solidification). Following precautions are to be taken if parcels of solidifying cargo is unloaded at different ports: (a) Line-blowing should be carried out after every part discharge. (a) Hammer test the cargo line to check if any cargo is trapped in the line. the drain water in heating coil to be taken from the return line and checked whether there is odor or pollutant with main return valve closed. During normal heating. ensure that the isolation valve and the manifold valves are shut. 4. ensure the pump suction and delivery valves are closed. The leak-check for mechanical seal of cargo pump should be carried out. (c) Check valve status: Each valve in pipeline which had been used for cargo operation should be ascertained for correct operation by fully opening and fully closing. Check condition of cargo located at tank bottom in order to make sure the heating effects for a cargo in vicinity of tank bottom. 3. caustic soda and molasses etc. 3. 4. each spool piece should be blown or cleaned up and jumping hoses should be cleaned up and drained out. Line-blowing for sufficiently long time. special consideration should be given to possible effects of heat transfer to unheated cargoes in adjacent tanks. 2.7. each drain line/common line. When carrying heated cargo. lignin pitch. Excessive heat may reduce strength of the steel and may increase the risk of cracks or damage to the coating. VEKTOR MARITIM CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 6. Cargo and vent line should be confirmed to be free from any cargo residue during voyage and before entering a discharging port (Solidifying of cargo in the vent line). 2. Inspection for cargo heating system to be performed prior loading. tall oil. Cargo heating as per heating instructions provided. 7. The design of the cargo tank and equipment has temperature limitations and care must be taken that these temperature limitations are not exceeded. 10. 8. 8. Safety meeting to be held prior loading to ensure that crew are familiar with the hazards of cargo. . Leak-check for valves related to cargo work to be carried out prior loading. 8. Prior commencement of discharge of solidifying / high viscosity substance such as lubricating oil additive. Clearing of solidified cargo in the pipelines should be carried out by heating he pipeline's surface safely. The cargo pumps to be started slowly and carefully after opening the valves. particularly if cargoes are self-reactive or have a high vapour pressure.7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / 8 PT. it should be circulated through the drop line or by-pass line without opening the manifold valve and isolation valve and discharging operation to be commenced after it has been ascertained that the cargo is not solidified. (c) When a polymerizing cargo is discharged through the common line. the vent lines and P/V valves must be regularly checked to ensure that vapours do not freeze or crystallize in the lines or valves and block them. 5.CHEMICAL TANKERS CARRIAGE AND HANDLING OF SPECIAL CARGOES August 01. 9. & pressure at the manifold to be monitored. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 17 of 17 (b) When a solidify cargo is discharged or drained through the manifold. such that lines are free of cargo after loading. When carrying cargoes that freeze at ambient temperatures.7 Conclusion The critical points for safe handling of solidifying cargoes are as follows: 1. above items (a) and (b) should be carried out as first step and the spool piece attached to the common line removed and washed using ambient water and dried.6 Checks immediately before unloading 1. provided proper procedures are complied with and weather and sea conditions are suitable. and That hose support. if his services are employed. This common language should be “ENGLISH”. The size and number of manifolds to be used The min and max expected height of the cargo manifold from the waterline during the transfer operation Whether the cargo cranes and derricks are in a satisfactory condition and of suitable SWL to handle cargo hose and fenders. CARGO HANDLING COMPABILITY Following items should be checked prior to loading : 1. CONTROL & OPERATIONS The overall control of an STS transfer operation should be rested in the hands of one individual and will be with one of the Master’s concerned or our STS superintendent. VEKTOR MARITIM SHIP TO SHIP TRANSFER PROCEDURES COM-CT / A/01 August 01.SHIP TO SHIP TRANSFER PROCEDURES STS operation for the transfer of petroleum products has become common practice. If the Master's concerned are inexperienced the company will employ an STS superintendent who is well conversant with this specialized operation.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. at the ships’ sides are adequate to prevent damage to hose by chafing APPROVAL FROM AUTHORITIES Where an STS transfer operation is to be arranged within territorial waters. We follow the ICS Ship-To-Ship Guidelines as reference. approval of the local authorities is to be taken COMMUNICATIONS To avoid any misunderstanding.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The master of the vessel should also hold a copy of this checklist. 2. . This initial information as per Checklist 1 of ICS Ship-To-Ship Transfer Guide will be given to the organizer by the company. 4. hose handling and communications can be conducted safely and efficiently. these should be received by the vessels well in advance. STS transfers are safe. 3. SHIP COMPABILITY: Before planning on STS operation the company will ensure that the ships to be used are compatible in design and equipment and the mooring operations. Voyage instructions are generally provided by the organizers. a common language is of utmost importance. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 3 A/01 . A navigational warning should be broadcast by the person in charge of the STS i.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. COMMUNICATION DURING APPROACH. communication between ships should be established at the earliest on VHF on an appropriate channel and thereafter switch to a mutually agreed working channel. Approach. It is recommended that spare radios and batteries are available on both vessels. COMMUNICATION DURING CARGO TRANFER OPERATIONS During cargo operations. MOORING AND UNMOORING When the ships are in the transfer area. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 3 “Initial communication between ships” Ships should establish initial communications as early as practicable to plan operations and to confirm the transfer area. either one of the Masters or an STS superintendent. . Officers on mooring stations should be provided with handheld radios.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . essential personnel on both ships should have a reliable. For inter ship communications hand held radios should be used and the radios on both ships should be capable of being used on the same frequencies. mooring and unmooring should not be attempted until proper effective communication has been confirmed between the two ships. This warning should consist of: • Name and Nationality of ship • Geographical position of operations and general headings • Nature of operations • Time of starting operations and expected duration • Request for wide berth On completion of the STS this warning should be cancelled. checklist 2 and 3 of ICS Ship-To-Ship Transfer Guide should be satisfactorily completed. including a back up system. VEKTOR MARITIM SHIP TO SHIP TRANSFER PROCEDURES COM-CT / A/01 August 01. At this time in accordance with the information exchanged. common means of communication at all times.e. CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. During cargo operations. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 3 PROCEDURES FOR COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE If communication breakdown occurs during an approach maneuver. * Refer STS Checklist in ICS STS guidelines. the maneuver should be aborted and the subsequent actions taken by each ship should be indicated by the appropriate sound signals as prescribed in the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea. . In general.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . if appropriate and safe. VEKTOR MARITIM SHIP TO SHIP TRANSFER PROCEDURES COM-CT / A/01 August 01. operations should not be resumed until satisfactory communications have been reestablished. in the event of a breakdown of communications on either ship. the emergency signal should be sounded and all operations should be suspended immediately. 1. Testing shall be carried out under the condition where the tank(s) is empty and no risk of contamination of cargo exits. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . b.5 times of maximum allowable working pressure (MAXP) satisfactorily at a time interval of less than one year and the test date and testing pressure must be marked on the piping and hoses. .1 Group Main Piping System a. air and water used for testing must be clean enough to prevent contamination of the lines and tanks to be tested. Close the suction valves (A) in the cargo tanks and connection valves (B) to the cross lines and sea chest and fit blank flanges to the manifold flanges. Testing Procedure by Compressed Air 3.170 requires: To conduct hydraulic pressure test of all cargo piping and hoses at a pressure of 1. 3. You are required to carry out the pressure test in accordance with the following procedure and record it in the attached recording form for ready reference to USCG inspectors.Issued by: DMR PT.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. Fit pressure gauge (0~20kg/cm2) to a gauge boss of the manifold. To comply with the requirement. especially when the vessel has group main cargo line system. Pressure testing procedure for cargo piping lines and hoses is as follows.HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE 33 CFR 156. all the equipments to be used for testing must be suitable for the pressure and the crew to be employed for the work must be properly educated and instructed for dangers of the work. we have prepared the procedure for pressure test of cargo piping and hoses to prevent USCG Inspector pointing out non-conformity and delay in cargo operations. In case of testing group main cargo piping system. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE A/02 . b. 2. All the equipments. Precautions for Testing: a. Testing Time Interval Carry out the test at a time interval of less than one year. DO NOT RAISE PRESSURE MORE THAN THE REQUIRED PRESSURE! c. As the testing pressure is abnormally high. all the cargo tanks connecting to the piping lines to be tested must be empty and free from any cargo. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE c. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . After purging air from the lines. (Usually MAWP of cargo line is 10kg/cm2 which is nearly equal to 150psi) f. Connect air hose and water hose to the branch line at the outlet of the pump and a drain line of the manifold respectively. repair any defect found through the test and report to the head office. e. d. g.5 times of MAWP. Inspect visually the lines and valves. close all the valves at the open ends of the lines and open the valve (D) for the air hose to fill compressed air and pressurize the lines upto the pressure of 1. close the intermediate valves or valves located inner side of suction valves for inspection of the valves. After the suction valves are inspected.Issued by: DMR PT.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. . The intermediate and inner valves shall be inspected for leakage by opening the bottom plugs. Fill fresh or sea water to the lines by opening the valve (C) for the water hose while purging air remaining in the lines from the valves and cocks located at higher position of the lines. Record the results of inspection. When the line is fully filled up with water. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . d. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE 3. Connect air hose to a drain line of the manifold and water hose to the delivery line of the pump and fit blank flanges to the manifold flanges which should not be tightened until the line is fully filled with water..5 times of MAWP.Issued by: DMR PT. e. .2 One Tank – One Pump System / When cargo line of a single tank is tested. close the valve (D) for water hose and tighten the blank flanges of the manifold flanges. Close inlet valve and outlet valves of air reservoir in pump room and make sure that the safety valve is working properly. Close the valves at pump delivery (A) and drop line (B) and open the manifold valves (C). b. Fit pressure gauge (0~20kg/cm2) to a gauge boss of the manifold.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. Open the valve (E) for compressed air hose to charge air and pressurize the line upto a pressure of 1. Prepare temporary air pipe or hose which connect inlet pipe with outlet pipe of air reservoir directly to by-pass air reservoir because popping pressure of safety valve of the reservoir is set at 10kg/cm2. a. ii. f. i. Test and confirm the valves for the air line to be in good condition. Open the valve (D) for the water hose and fill water into the line while air in the line is being purged from upper part of the line such as the manifold flanges etc. (Usually MAWP of cargo line is 10kg/cm2 which is nearly equal to 150 psi) In order to get necessary air pressure for testing the following procedure shall be followed. c. iii. k. i. Connect the manifold with those of other tanks to be tested by using cargo hose(s) as per the following plan and fit blind flanges to the open flanges of the manifolds which should not be tightened till air in the lines is purged. h. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE Pressure Reducing Valve 25 kg to 9 kg Air Reservoir in Pump From Main Air Reservoir Room to fit temporary pipe or hose to connect inlet pipe with outlet pipe to by-pass air reservoir iv. j. . close the valve for the air hose and release remaining pressure in the line by opening manifold valves. 3. g. close the manifold valves and remove the blind flanges to inspect leakage of the manifold valves. inspect visually all the line including flanges and valves.3 One tank – One Pump System / When cargo lines of multiple tanks are tested. After inspection in the above 5. After inspection.Issued by: DMR PT. Drain the water from the line and the tank and clean the line.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Compressed Air on Upper Deck Increase air pressure up to 15kg/cm2 gradually by adjusting air reducing valve or opening by-pass valve of the reducing valve slightly by watching pressure on the secondary side. After the pressure is set at the required level. a. Enter record in the attached sheet and keep in a file aboard. 4.5 times of MAWP. c. Connect water hose to the drain line of the suction strainer of the pump. The defect found through pressure test should be repaired and reported to the head office. d.Issued by: DMR PT. Testing procedure by cargo pump operation To confirm the integrity of the cargo piping and hoses more frequently beyond the statutory requirement the following easier testing must be carried out at an interval of about 6 months. Close the valve (A) and (B) and open the valves (C). VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . b. Open the valve (D) and fill fresh or sea water to piping lines and hoses while purging air remaining in the lines and hoses from the manifold blank flange. Open or close the relevant cargo valves and suck and circulate the water in the lines by operating cargo pump. 4. c.1 Group Main Piping System a. Fit pressure gauge (0 ~ 20kg/cm2) to gauge boss of the manifold. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE b. Connect water hose and air hose to branch line on delivery line of cargo pump and drain line at a manifold respectively as per the above plan. Hereafter follow the same procedure as the above paragraph 3.2. Air remaining in the line shall be purged from the valves or cocks located at higher position. Fit pressure gauge (0 ~ 20kg/cm2) to a gauge boss of the manifold. Fill some fresh or sea water into a cargo tank of foremost position amongst the cargo tanks to which the line is connected. d. h. Open the valve (E) for compressed air hose to supply air and pressurize the piping lines and hoses upto a pressure 1. etc… f.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. This testing is essential especially for group main piping system as leakage in the system can cause serious cargo damages easily. e. . Enter record in the attached form and keep in file aboard. g. f. b. then pressurize the lines by closing the openings and operating the pump at full. After the suction valves are inspected. Record the results of test in the attached recording form. close the intermediate valves (D) or the valves (E) located at inner position of the suction valves and inspect the valves by opening the bottom plugs. repair any defect found through the test and report to the head office. Inspect visually the lines and valves for leakage. f. Close the valve on the manifold and the drop line. To inspect the valves closely. 4. g.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . c. Fit pressure gauge (0 ~ 20kg/cm2) to a gauge boss of the manifold. open the valve (A) for the water hose and close the suction valve (B) and then suction valve of the cargo pump (C) and pressurize the lines by operating cargo pump to a pressure at which the safety valve of the cargo pump opens. open the bottom plugs of the valves for leakage. d. e. Inspect visually the piping and valves while the piping lines are pressurized. One Tank – One Pump System Fill some fresh water into the cargo tank(s) to be tested. Record the results of test in the attached recording form.Issued by: DMR PT. After air is purged from the lines by circulating water in the lines. . repair any defect found through the test and report to the head office. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE e.2 a. Operate the cargo pump and fill water into piping lines while purging air remaining in the lines from the valves located at upper position such as the manifold valves. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT /02 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .Issued by: DMR PT.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 7 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE TEST OF CARGO PIPE LINE AND CARGO HOSE Attached sheet : Record of test (Cargo pipe line and hose) . FOSFA (Federation of Oils Seeds and Fats Association) List of acceptable Last Cargoes.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. IASC (International Association of Seed Crushers) Heating Instructions in respect to bulk Shipment of Oils and Fat. 4. FOSFA Guidelines for Heating Fats and Oils with Temperature Table This is for general Guideline only and is not intended to the Charterer’s heating instructions.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . VEKTOR MARITIM A/03: FOSFA QUALIFICATIONS AND OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES FOR SHIPS ENGAGED IN THE CARRIAGE OF OILS AND FATS IN BULK FOR EDIBLE AND OLEO-CHEMICAL USE COM-CT / A/03 August 01. Jan-2008 3. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 1 FOSFA QUALIFICATIONS AND OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES FOR SHIPS ENGAGED IN THE CARRIAGE OF OILS AND FATS IN BULK FOR EDIBLE AND OLEO-CHEMICAL USE 1. FOSFA (Federation of Oils Seeds and Fats Association) List of Banned Last Cargoes. . Jan-2008 2. This is for general Guideline only and is not intended to the Charterer’s heating instructions. Stationing of crewmen 10. Cleaning plan/communications with company head office 2. Connection of hose for draining cleaning water . Line up (check before commencement of work) 12. Checking operation and safety of cleaning system 11.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Notice of characteristics/properties of detergent and solvent 9. detergent and solvent 6. Notice of cleaning plan 4. Confirmation of stock of fresh water. Influence of cargo in other tanks 5. Grounding (earth) line of butterworth hose 13. Full understanding of properties of discharging cargo 8. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01.TANK CLEANING GUIDE CONTENTS Volume 1 Before Commencement Of Tank Cleaning 1. Making a cleaning plan 3. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 1 of 56 A/04 . Meeting with engine department with regard to tank cleaning plan 7.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . CLEANING PLAN/COMMUNICATION WITH COMPANY HEAD OFFICE - Liaise with COMPANY HEAD OFFICE in regard to the next stowage. and forth. recirculation. MEG. solvent and fresh water required. whether butterworthing. - The condition of the cargo tank to be cleaned and whether toxic or flammable vapour is present. - The cleaning method. treated or de-ionized water. be sure to contact the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE for clarification. - Sufficient previous arrangements with the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE is necessary particularly when a high-grade cleaning is to be conducted as in the cases of cleaning of tanks used for cargoes which require severe inspection. cargo specification and so forth. The previous and the next cargoes are the two important factors which will determine the level of cleaning required. polymerizing. whether sea.whether is flammable. contamination of cargo and incidents. content of the tank inspection. etc. 2. - Let the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE know about necessary supply of detergent. or a chemical or detergent - The washing temperature required to be maintained - Time table showing sequence of cleaning work.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . rinsing. and times required for cleaning the tanks. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. - Inform the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE the basic cleaning procedure for each tank. times of start of cleaning of the tanks. . steaming. - In case of any question concerning the head office’s intention. order of the tanks to be cleaned.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. solidifying etc. fresh. or whether lack of oxygen should be suspected & if any precautions necessary with respect to the condition of the tank. amounts of detergent. fresh water and so forth well in advance. such as methanol. MAKING A CLEANING PLAN This is crucial to the successful carriage of chemicals and to the avoidance of rejection of tanks. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 2 of 56 1. cleaning time (number of cleaning cycles). or drying - The cleaning medium. A cleaning plan shall specify the following: - The previous and following cargoes: specify nature of the cargo . ventilating. Too lean here in the tank atmosphere is made incapable of burning by reducing the hydrocarbon content to below the lower flammable limit. - Matters requiring attention such as: prevention of contamination of cargo on the ship. thermal influence. - Methods of cleaning cargo line. the person in charge shall confirm the properties of the unloaded cargo by making reference to OPERATION MANUAL and other materials furnished from the OWNERS and/or COMPANY HEAD OFFICE and let all the persons concerned know about it. (Especially for the Vessels having group main cargo pumps/lines) - Timing of check by responsible officer in charge. d.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. pressures and times of the respective stages including pre-cleaning. - Identification of tank cleaning pump.3. - Stationing hands. when necessary. - Temperatures. Undefined The tank atmosphere may be below. allotment of work and watching system. cargo pump and pipe lines. But to be on the safer side it is recommended to take the precautions as for tank cleaning in an undefined atmosphere. rinsing. Inerted here in the tank atmosphere is made incapable of burning by introducing inert gas. . VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. Matters requiring specific attention shall be written in red in large letters. and so forth. Cargo Tank Washing And Cleaning After Carrying A Flammable Cargo Cargo tank atmosphere can be any one of the following: a. matters requiring care in handling of detergent and solvent.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . b. This is done by ventilation. Too rich here in the tank atmosphere is above the flammable range. When cleaning a cargo tank which has contained a flammable product. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 3 of 56 - Number of Butterworth machines to be used and positions (heights) of setting of the Butterworth machines. Detergent-cleaning. All company vessels should adopt the Tank Cleaning Procedures detailed in ISGOTT 11. - Whether steaming is necessary and. vent line and cargo hose. method of steaming. - Methods of disposing cleaning water/slop. The safe procedure for carrying out tank cleaning is in a “too lean” atmosphere. within or above the flammable range. The O2 content should be less than 8% by volume. c. FW flushing and so forth. - The action to be taken in the event of an emergency In making the cleaning plan. but must not be above 60oC. Steam must never be injected into the tank. ● Equipment made entirely of non-metallic materials may. The tank should be kept drained during washing. a wooden sounding rod may be suspended on a rope without earthing. . VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01.3. Wash water may be heated. If a sounding pipe is not fitted. ● Ropes made of synthetic polymers should not be used for lowering equipment into cargo tanks.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . f. To drain the hose a coupling may be partially opened and then retightened before the machine is removed. During this period: ● An interface detector of metallic construction may be used if earthed to the ship by means of a clamp or bolted metal lug. This precaution should be observed during washing and for five hours thereafter. the tank is continuously mechanically ventilated after washing. Re-circulated wash water must not be used. b. The following precautions must be taken if the risk from static electricity is to be eliminated: a. it is essential that any metallic components of the sounding or other equipment are bonded and securely earthed to the ship before introduction into the tank and remains so earthed until removed. i. Washing should be stopped to clear any build-up of wash water. No machine may have a throughput greater than 60m3/h and no nozzle may have a throughput greater than 17. in general. e. ● A metal rod may be used on the end of a metal type which is earthed to the ship. however. h. All hose connections must be made up and tested for electrical continuity before the washing machine is introduced into the tank. d. ● A metal sounding rod suspended on a fibre rope should not be used even if the end at deck level is fastened to the ship because the rope cannot be completely relied upon as an earthling path. Chemical additives must not be used.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Connections should not be broken until after the machine has been removed from the tank. the vapours in the tank may be in the flammable range. Sounding and the introduction of other equipment must be done through a sounding pipe if fitted.5m3/h. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 4 of 56 Control of Washing in an Undefined Atmosphere In an undefined atmosphere. The only way to guarantee that an explosion cannot occur during washing in an undefined atmosphere is to make certain that there can be no source of ignition. g. be used: e. For further information on cleaning in other atmosphere please refer to ISGOTT Section 11. this period can be reduced to one hour.g. If. The total water throughput per cargo tank should be kept as low as practicable and must in no case exceed 110m3/h. c. safflower oil and so forth.e. - Steaming is strictly forbidden when a tank next to the tank to be cleaned is loaded with semi-dry or dry oil such as fish oil.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. be sure to confirm line segregation by checking the states of valves and blind flanges before starting the work. boatswain and persons of engine department. It is necessary to keep a record of the work for confirmation of progress of the work and to let deck officers and boatswain know about the manner of writing. VEKTOR MARITIM 3. DETERGENT AND SOLVENT Fresh Water Estimate amounts of fresh water required for flushing of the tanks and lines and calculate the amount of fresh water which is to be consumed whole through the process and confirm beforehand that necessary amount of fresh water of good quality is kept aboard . (In case of main line vessels. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 5 of 56 NOTICE OF CLEANING PLAN The cleaning plan shall be approved by the ship master and explained and delivered to the deck officers. - If it is not allowed to conduct pre-cleaning immediately after unloading of a semi-dry or dry oil in consideration of influence to adjacent tanks or due to scheduling. 4. office and so forth. TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. 5. be sure not to conduct hotButterworthing. In case of independent cargo line system. i. make sure that the lines used for cleaning are segregated from those of other cargo tanks. be sure not to conduct hot-Butterworthing / Steaming in tanks through which lines used for loading of SM/VAM extends. or when pre cleaning has not been conducted after unloading of such cargo. Contamination - When a cargo is loaded in another tank of the same cargo-line group. It is necessary to let the deck officers. or when pre cleaning has not been conducted after unloading such a cargo. pool water on the tank bottom and heat the water to keep the tank humid and damp. If precleaning is essential in the cleaning process. boatswain and all other persons concerned know about the detail concerning stationing of hands. watch system and matters requiring attention.. INFLUENCE OF CARGO IN OTHER TANKS Thermal Influence - Hot-Butterworthing and steaming are strictly forbidden when an easily polymerizable cargo such as SM/VAM is loaded in a tank next to be cleaned.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . and be put up on walls of COC room. . Hardening of cargo by drying of tank wall surfaces must be prevented by all means. CONFIRMATION OF STOCK OF FRESH WATER. to conduct cold Butterworthing at normal temperature. sunflower oil. . In case of diesel / electrical driven cargo pumps Cargo pumps. Check the stock of fresh water. Use of boiler (for hot-Butterworthing and steaming) d. kerosene or the like is used. - Be sure to conduct gas detection when entering tank after using solvent.spray-gun. detergent and solvent and. inform the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE of the items and amounts of supply without delay. hoses. State of progress of the work. be sure to let all persons concerned know characteristics of such solvent and to prepare necessary safety devices / wears. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. etc.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Use of air compressor (for air blowing etc. methanol. tank cleaning pumps. when supply is necessary. - When strong alkali or caustic soda is to be used. perchloroethylene.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. a. Calculate optimum amount of detergent and keep it beforehand at place near a tank in which washing solution is prepared. c. Solvent - When a solvent such as toluene. Check and report the amount of stock upon completion of a voyage.) are solvent-proof . 6. b. - Confirm that devices used (e. states of operation of machines. Submit the tank cleaning plan to engine department and make previous arrangement on the following items. Approximate time schedule and hours of use of above-mentioned machinery. Pay sufficient attention in storing solvents because they are often inflammable or toxic.g. ballast pumps and other equipment to be used. change in stage and other information shall be handed/taken over when changing watch. - Be sure not to excessively thicken solution. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 6 of 56 Detergent - Select a detergent which is optimum for the unloaded cargo and coating. MEETING WITH ENGINE DEPARTMENT IN REGARD TO TANK CLEANING PLAN.) e. be sure to prepare goggles and antialkali protective devices / wears. In case of hydraulic driven cargo pumps Number of power packs used . It is therefore necessary that all the persons concerned are informed of the characteristics/properties of detergent and solvent and are noticed as to the matters to be attended to. and check conducted immediately before the commencement of the work is to make it doubly sure. k. DETERGENT AND SOLVENT” Detergents and solvents used in tank cleaning are often harmful to human body and cause unfavorable effects by contact and aspiration. STATIONING OF CREWMEN Refer to “3. f. It is also necessary to make sure inspect. c. By cleaning ensure following items have been confirmed. TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. h. g. NOTICE OF CHARACTERISTICS/PROPERTIES OF DETERGENT AND SOLVENT Refer to “5. e. i. b. CONFIRMATION OF STOCK OF FRESH WATER. l. j. CHECKING OPERATION AND SAFETY OF CLEANING SYSTEM Operation and safety of cleaning apparatus should be always confirmed through regular inspection/maintenance. NOTICE OF CLEANING PLAN” 10. MAKING CLEANING PLAN” 8. Items to be checked before commencing the work are as follows: . prepare and use necessary protective means. VEKTOR MARITIM 7. a. m.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . d. Previous study also is necessary in regard to first-aid or emergency measure to be taken in case of eventual skin contact or aspiration to let persons know such measures to prepare against accident. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 7 of 56 FULL UNDERSTANDING OF PROPERTIES OF DISCHARGING CARGO Refer to “2.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Confirm that cautions for prevention of accident have been announced to all members concerned Confirm instructions have been given to make sure wear of protective clothing Confirm function of detectors Confirm closing of all living quarter scuttles Confirm closing of all living quarter doors Confirm operation of upper deck shower and eye washer Confirm neat condition on the deck Confirm contaminations such as cargo oil on deck has been wiped off Confirm sufficient lighting for night work Confirm safety of cleaning work Check whether means of communication in ship has been confirmed and functional Check whether emergency measures have been agreed upon and made known to all Check whether safe operation of walky-talkies has been confirmed 9. flange bolts. neither should they have sharp nips or bends to prevent breakage of the internal bonding wire.. couplings. noise. 11. hoses and heaters for any abnormality. b. abnormal heat generation. smell and so forth. All hoses should be tested in a dry condition and in no case should the resistance exceed 6 ohms/mtr length - Butterworth hoses. before commencing the work. as well as other hoses. e. particularly on the following points. flange gasket.g. have to be handled with care so as not to cause excessive tensile and torsional forces. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. confirm that preparatory work has been completed in accordance with tank cleaning plan. Check Butterworth machine. e. GROUNDING (EARTH) LINE OF BUTTERWORTH HOSE - Earth line in Butterworth hose may have been cut due to aging of the hose. Hoses should not be dragged on deck over sharp angles or bends. Butterworth pumps and driving devices.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . c. Check cargo pumps. Be sure to confirm safe condition of earth line by measuring electrical conduction between the hose and the line using an electric tester. Temporary continuity should never be established using an external bonding wire. Check connections. d. of and machines. Butterworth lines. . etc. - Line up is completed correctly as planned? - Line up components is correctly connected? - Valves are in planned conditions? - Segregation from other lines is OK? - States of valves is correctly shown on schematic diagram displayed in COC room and confirmed? - Closed valves handles are fastened by stopper ropes? - Unnecessary spool pieces are demounted? - Preparation against change in weather and other environment conditions is OK? 12. f.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. particularly capacity of the machines for any reduction in capacity. Confirm safe and sound operation of boiler. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 8 of 56 a. Check steaming lines and hoses for any abnormality. Check cargo lines. LINE UP (CHECK BEFORE COMMENCEMENT OF WORK) Before commencing the work. valves including operation device and so forth for any abnormality. attention must be paid to the position of the outlet of hose. Y or Z has to be discharged from under-water discharge outlet in a manner which meets Marpol Annex II. upper deck and living quarter or even to human bodies to cause bed effect on health and hull painting resulting in an unexpected accident. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 9 of 56 13. In such a case.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . - Tank rinsing water discharging of other types of cargo may be discharged outside the ship through a hose connected to the manifold. after discharging of cargo of Pollution Category X. wind direction and so forth so as to avoid unfavourable effect on human bodies and hull. - Washings from annex I tanks have to discharge in compliance with the requirements of MARPOL annex I.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. CONNECTION OF HOSE FOR DRAINING CLEANING WATER - The tank rinsing water. . The rinsing water discharged may be blown up by wind to contaminate ship’s side. however. Communication With Engine Department 3. Cleaning Water 5. Cleaning Of Cargo Line / Vent Line 8. Steaming 7. Gas Freeing . Pump Boiler Heater 6. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 10 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE CONTENTS Volume 2 During Tank Cleaning 1. Work Record Book 14. Safety In Work 12. Making Content Of Work Known To Everyone 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Discharge Of Cleaning Water 9.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Wave Seawater And Rainwater Through Opening 11. Check 10. Report On Tank Cleaning Progress 13. Butterworth Machine 4. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. Confirm No Invasion Of Rinsing Water From Other Tank. They are water lubricated. - Confirm lashing of the machines when they are swinging at rough or high sea. CLEANING WATER - Check temperature / pressure of cleaning water. - Check whether machines are set at proper positions (height). - Check that there is no abnormal foaming.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . - Check whether machines operate in good condition. . horizontal tie. Pay attention to noise and movement of water jet and so forth to confirm safe operation during cleaning. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 11 of 56 1.) 4. tank cleaning pump.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. - Check concentration of detergent solution. COMMUNICATION WITH ENGINE DEPARTMENT Close communication with engine department about operating condition of cargo pumps. 3. (Confirm that machines are not contacting internal members and equipment such as trans ring. tank cleaning heater and other machinery required to be operated for tank cleaning. BUTTERWORTH MACHINE - No grease is used in the machines to prevent hydrocarbon build up in tanks. boiler. cargo line and ladder. MAKING CONTENT OF WORK KNOWN TO EVERYONE - Is proper time is allocated to each step of cleaning procedure? - Has set-up preparation for each step been satisfactorily done? - Is status of cleaning at necessary steps of cleaning process is checked by inspecting inside the tank? - Is cleaning procedure proper? Isn’t there any necessity for modification/alteration of procedure? - Duty Officer and workers are performing work with sufficient understanding of work procedure and purpose? - Change of watches is being conducted in good order? 2. CLEANING OF CARGO LINE / VENT LINE Cargo Line Check whether drain valves. - Confirm that steam hose outlet is sufficiently lowered from the deck. blind flanges and so forth are opened to allow the cleaning liquid to be distributed to dead end portions of the line. - Confirm that proper relief from oil tight hatch is provided for unexpected excessive internal pressure in tank. PUMP BOILER HEATER Refer to “2. Incase of stainless steel tank temps go upto 800C. This temp is governed by the maximum temp the coating can take. shall be informed to the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE without delay for confirmation and/or clarification. Line steaming is done via the manifold into the tank via the drop line for 30 mins and via the pump stack for 10 mins. Confirm that proper measures are taken to avoid influence on other tanks and cargo. Monitor temperature inside the tank or the tank wall temperature and adjust supply of steam during steaming. when cause is not cleared up. .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. - Check whether arrangement has been made to distribute steam to all portions requiring steaming such as cargo line and vent line. Any abnormality. - Confirm tank cleaning hatches are closed. - While steaming is in progress the condensate collected should be emptied at regular intervals. VEKTOR MARITIM - TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. Ensure draining / drying of line. COMMUNICATION WITH ENGINE DEPARTMENT” 6. - Confirm that steaming is not excessive.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 5. Never steam via the pump stack for more than 10 mins as this will cause heat damage to the pump seals. STEAMING - Confirm breather valve is in forced-open state. In order to protect coating. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 12 of 56 Check the quantity of detergent / water. The tank wall temperature should not exceed 60C. 7. be sure not to continue steaming for more than 3 hours. - After detergent cleaning/rinsing. Vapour locks and tank hatches should be carried out during the washing process. CHECK - Confirm that cleanliness of tank and line interior are inspected on completion of each stage. - Inspect bolts and nuts of heating coil for tightening or loose end. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 13 of 56 Cleaning of lines is best achieved by repeatedly closing and opening valves to build up pressure in the line. After cleaning the lines shall be blown with clean air from all sides of the manifold to pump stack and vice versa. Confirm satisfactory cleaning and draining of vent line. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. Adjust heel as necessary.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. - Confirm that there is no sludge of cargo after pre-cleaning. 8. - Confirm whether check of cleaning degree by examining drain water is conducted. Lines should be left open for draining after blowing for any residual moisture to dry up. . (In case of direct overboard of tank washing after carriage of vegetable oils) 9. Stripping lines of submerged pumps should be carried out by repeatedly working the valves. Cleaning of the Pressure vacuum valves. rear side of bell mouth and so forth for tightening of loose one. In case moisture is found the line can be steamed and then aired to dry up fast Vent Line Confirm that vent lines have been cleaned with the breather valves opened. - Inspect backside of longitudinal frames. - Confirm that insides of cargo lines and vent lines have been checked. All drains should be opened and flushed. DISCHARGE OF CLEANING WATER - Clean the state of cleaning water while being disposed overboard for any abnormal foaming quantity of water remaining in tank. - Check whether drainage to overboard is being performed conducted properly. Confirm that vent tower has been satisfactorily cleaned and drained. thereby allowing the upper pipe wall to be cleaned. confirm that foams are extinguished to satisfactory degree and also that no smell remains. - Inspect bolts/nuts of cargo pump. temperature. name of pumps used.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. sea condition. 13. - Check the watching system during solvent spraying in tank and preparation of safety equipment such as breathing apparatus. state of finish of cleaning of tank and line. WORK RECORD BOOK - The work record book shall contain detailed and clear description of cleaning procedure. CONFIRM NO INVASION OF RINSING WATER FROM OTHER TANK. - Check cargo hoses and Butterworth hoses for any excessively sharp bend. air temperature. 11. - Confirm sufficient lighting. twist and other extraordinary condition which damage the hoses. - Matters to be reported to the next watch should be described in detail as possible. SAFETY IN WORK - Keep upper deck and passages in neat condition and clean them to remove cargo residue particularly to assure safety in night work. hours. alteration of procedure and so forth shall be described in detail in the work record book. seawater temperature. wave seawater and rinsing water from other tanks. 12. WAVE SEAWATER AND RAINWATER THROUGH OPENING - Careful inspection is necessary particularly in fresh water flushing steaming. detergent and solvent shall be clearly described in the work record book. progress of the work. and other necessary date. - Confirm preparation of fire extinguishers and other necessary anti-fire equipment. - Reasons of any change in preparation. and amount of detergent solvent.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 14 of 56 10. pressure. - Confirm preparation of safety wears. weather. . solvent spraying and drying-up. - Be sure to provide a cover of canvas over the openings of the tank under drying up so to prevent wetting by leaked driving water driven fans. - Amounts of use of fresh water. REPORT ON TANK CLEANING PROGRESS Progress and Result of tank cleaning work to be reported in detail and clearly to the head office. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. density. The capacity and penetration of portable fans should be such that the entire atmosphere of the tank on which the fan is employed can be made non-flammable in the shortest possible time. b. Any external vents or intakes shall be closed. The additional risk from the toxic effect of petroleum gas during the period cannot be over-emphasized and must be impressed on all concerned. If at any time it is suspected that gas is being drawn into the accommodation.4) e. The covers of all tank openings should be kept closed until actual ventilation of the individual tank is about to commence. This is true whether washing for clean ballast. gas freeing for entry. f. . a. the impeller touches the inside of the casing.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . It is therefore essential that the greatest possible care is exercised in all operations connected with tank cleaning and gas freeing. pneumatically or steam driven.1 General TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. c. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 15 of 56 It is generally recognized that tank cleaning and gas freeing is the most hazardous period of tanker operations. GAS FREEING 14. by partial re-circulation of air within the spaces. purge pipes and high velocity vents kept open) in the unlikely event where gas freeing involves the escape of gas at deck level or through tank hatch openings the degree of ventilation and number of openings should be controlled to produce an exit velocity sufficient to carry the gas clear of the deck (see ISGOTT section 11.2 General Procedures The following recommendations apply to cargo tank gas freeing generally.4 for further guidance. Portable fans or blowers should only be used if they are hydraulically. Intakes of central air conditioning or mechanical ventilating systems should be adjusted to prevent the entry of flammable gas. g. The venting of flammable gas during gas freeing should be by vessel’s approved method. Their construction materials should be such that no hazard of incendiary sparking arises if. 14.e. central air conditioning and mechanical ventilating systems should be stopped and the intakes covered or closed. i. VEKTOR MARITIM 14. for any reason. Refer ISGOTT section 11. d.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. or gas freeing for hot work. each tank should be isolated to prevent the transfer of gas to or from other tanks. k. On completion of gas freeing. including crossovers and discharge lines. In large compartments such tests should be made at widely separate positions. a period of about 10 minutes should elapse before taking final gas measurements. openings in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces may be opened to complete the ventilation. Ventilation should be stopped when taking the gas readings. o. Portable fans. Such enclosed or partially enclosed spaces should also be tested for gas during this subsequent ventilation. other than those required for ventilation. If the valves or vent . This allows relatively stable conditions to develop within the tank space. q. should be flushed through with sea water and the tanks stripped. i. where used. should be so connected to the deck that an effective electrical bond exists between the fan and the deck. where used. Before putting such a system into service. Valves on the systems. the cargo piping system. On completion of all gas freeing and tank washing the gas venting system should be carefully checked. Portable fans. in each compartment of the tank.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. usually the drop line and vented through the purge pipe and high velocity vents as opposed to the diffusion method wherein fresh is introduced into the tank at deck level. m. Tests should be made at several levels and. Displacement mode of ventilation wherein fresh air is forced draught into the tank through the bottom. ventilation must be resumed. j. where the tank is sub-divided by a wash bulkhead. Where cargo tanks are gas freed by means of one or more permanently installed blowers. Ventilation outlets should generally be as remote as possible from the fans. l. p. should be placed in such positions and the ventilation openings so arranged that all parts of the tank being ventilated are equally and effectively gas freed. all openings except the tank hatch should be closed. all connections between the cargo tank system and the blowers should be blanked except when the blowers are in use. If the tanks are connected by a common venting system. Tank openings within enclosed or partially enclosed spaces should not be opened until the tank has been sufficiently ventilated by means of openings in the tank which are outside these spaces. particular attention being paid to the efficient working of the pressure vacuum valves and any high velocity vent valves. should be closed and secured. When the gas level within the tank has fallen to 25% of the LFL or less. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 16 of 56 h. On the apparent completion of gas freeing any tank. If satisfactory gas readings are not obtained. n. Fixed gas freeing equipment may be used to gas free more than one tank simultaneously but must not be used for this purpose if the system is being used to ventilate another tank in which washing is in progress. Gas Free for the Reception of Cargo A tank which is required to be gas free for receiving cargo should be ventilated until tests confirm that the hydrocarbon gas concentration throughout that tank does not exceed 40% of the LFL. r.3) . these should also be checked and cleaned. 14.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. benzene and other toxic gases as appropriate (see ISGOTT Section 11.3 Gas vent riser drains should be cleared of water. the presence of hydrogen sulphide.4 Gas Free for Entry and Cold Work Without Breathing Apparatus In order to be gas free for entry without breathing apparatus a tank or space must be ventilated until tests confirm that the hydrocarbon gas concentration through the compartment is not more than 1% of the LFL and additional tests have been made to check for oxygen content. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 17 of 56 risers are fitted with devices designed to prevent the passage of flame. rust and sediment. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 14. Butterworth Heater 6. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 18 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE CONTENTS Volume 3 After Tank Cleaning 1. Tank Cleaning Line 7. Cargo Pump / Tank Cleaning / Ballast / Pump / Line Heating Coil 8. Oil Record Book . VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. Condition Of tank after Tank Cleaning 2. Handling Of Detergent / Solvent 11.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Care About Tank After Tank Cleaning 3. Report Of Cleaning Results 4. Check Of Consumption And Stock Of Detergent 9. Coating Condition 10. Putting Cleaning Devices/Equipment In Order And Cleaning Up Inside Tank And Tidying Up Upper Deck 5.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM COM-CT / A/04 August 01, 2012 TANK CLEANING GUIDE Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 19 of 56 1. CONDITION OF TANK AFTER TANK CLEANING Check for any residue of cargo and detergent. - Inspect back side and corners of longitudinal frames, and backsides of cargo lines, heating coils and ladders. - Check for any residue on bolts and nuts of supports. - Inspect bellmouths, cargo pump impeller (submerged pumps) and so forth. - Confirm presence of no residue on damaged portion of coating and/or behind peeling or blistered coating film. - Inspect interior of cargo lines, vent lines, cargo hoses and strainers. Check for any residual smell and gas - Confirm complete gas-free condition - Confirm that no smell of cargo, solvent and detergent remains. - Confirm safe efficient functioning of fans. Dry state - Confirm no water remaining in suction wells. (Remaining water shall be discharged without delay after cleaning in order to protect coating and to attain higher drying efficiency.) - Check degree of drying of tank wall surfaces. - Confirm no invasion of splash of wave seawater, rinsing water from other tanks etc. - Confirm no leak of fan driving water into tank. - Check tank bottom and longitudinal frame upper for any residue of coating film fragments, rust, waste rug and other foreign matters. - Check outfitting in the tank for any looseness of bolts and abnormality in pumps lines, heating coils, float level gauge, ladder and valves. - Check the grounding wire fitted in the tank is tight. - Stainless tanks in addition should be checked for minute salt deposits, pitting, scale, discoloration, staining and early signs of rust stains. - Look for mechanical damage to the bulkheads or tank bottom due to machine contact at any stage of the washing. Wall Wash Test Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM - TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 20 of 56 HYDROCARBON / CHLORIDE / NVM TEST Confirm before-hand that the requirements of Inspection Standards are met. When the requirements are not met, discuss with COMPANY HEAD OFFICE to find suitable cleaning method. In checking oil residue (Non-volatile matter), conduct a methylene chloride test. 2. CARE ABOUT TANK AFTER TANK CLEANING - Confirm that awning is extended over tank opening, inlet of gas-free fan and so forth after cleaning in order to prevent invasion of rinsing water from other tanks, wave seawater and rainwater during drying up of the tank. - When closing oil-tight hatch and cleaning hatch after drying up, inspect the tank to confirm that no extraordinary smell remains in the tank before loading inspection. - Before the inspection, conduct gas-free operation sufficiently to remove bad smell which tends to be generated when tank is left closed for long time even after proper cleaning. 3. REPORT OF CLEANING RESULTS The COMPANY HEAD OFFICE shall be informed of the results of the cleaning by a report in the company’s form without delay after completion of the tank cleaning. The report shall adequately describe the cleaning procedure and the states of tanks. 4. PUTTING CLEANING DEVICES / EQUIPMENT IN ORDER AND CLEANING UP INSIDE TANK AND TIDYING UP UPPER DECK Hoses shall be carefully set in right positions after rinsing. Be sure to cover both ends of each hose with canvas sheets or blind flange so as to prevent seawater from coming into the hose. Clean Butterworth machine by wiping and charge grease to it. Any Butterworth machine of inferior condition shall be repaired prior to the next tank cleaning. Check tank interior carefully for any waste, bolt, nut, and tool and forth left in the tank. Properly clear up upper deck with care. Properly dispose or tidy up vacant detergent cans, drum cans, buckets for disposing remaining water, wastes and so forth. Any trouble or shortage of cleaning materials and equipment shall be informed to the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE without hesitation. 5. BUTTERWORTH HEATER Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 21 of 56 After completion of tank cleaning, clean Butterworth heater and wipe drain off. Confirm whether Butterworth requires chemical cleaning and perform as necessary. 6. TANK CLEANING LINE If you have extra fresh water after tank cleaning, the tank cleaning lines should be washed with fresh water and then drained completely after line cleaning. 7. - CARGO PUMP/TANK CLEANING/BALLASTING/PUMP/LINE HEATING COIL One tank / One pump Conduct leak test of shaft seal of each cargo pump and record the test result. Inform the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE of any pump having large leak and repair it if necessary. - Pumps Check pumps for any extraordinary noise, vibration and leak of shaft seal. Confirm flow rate, pressure and other items of pump performance. - Line Check for any leak from valve. Check for any leak from flange. Confirm that blind flanges and spectacle flanges are set properly. Check for any abnormal vibration. Confirm that lines have been drained and that plugs and blind flanges have been put properly. Inspect flange bolts/nuts and gaskets. - Heating Coil Check for any missing bolt/nut. Check for any trace of leak. (Conduct pressure test when any trace of leak is found) Check for any scorching of cargo. Check for any sticking of crystals of cargo or detergent. 8. CHECK OF CONSUMPTION AND STOCK OF DETERGENT Check the amounts of consumption of detergent and solvent for each tank and record them in the cleaning report. Check also the amounts of stock and let the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE know before hand in case of shortage expected. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 22 of 56 Any remarks on consumption, effects and handling of detergent/solvent shall be written in CLEANING REPORT and also be informed to the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE. 9. COATING CONDITION After completion of the cleaning, inspect the costing condition inside the tank and report to the COMPANY HEAD OFFICE with the company’s reporting form. In case of resin coating - Check for any new blister. - Check for any change in old blisters. - Check for presence of residue of the cargo in peeling film, blister and crack. - Check extent of rust and discolouration of coating by rust. - Degree of curing of coating film. Sufficient drying is required after carriage of caustic soda. Methanol or other aggressive cargo, so as to promote curing of coating film. In case of inorganic zinc - Check for any white metal salt formed by reaction of zinc with cargo or detergent. - Check for any layer exfoliation (In case of Carbon Zinc II) - Check for precipitation of red-brown pigment (Fe2O3). ( In case of Toa CALVAR #7000 ) 10. HANDLING OF DETERGENT / SOLVENT Refer to “7. STEAMING OF Vol.2. DURING TANK CLEANING” 11. OIL RECORD BOOK It is legally required that records of various works concerning petroleum cargo as specified in “MARPOL ANNEX I” (Loading, Discharging, Tank Cleaning etc.) are kept in OIL RECORD BOOK PART II. Be sure to read the relevant regulations and observe them. The signers of OIL RECORD BOOK II shall be Captain and Chief Officer. Works on cargo specified in “ANNEX II” shall be written in CARGO RECORD BOOK. For the details of CARGO RECORD BOOK, a reference shall be made to section 5.12 of this manual. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL - CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01, 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 23 of 56 CARGO GROUPS A. Very strictly inspected Fine chemicals : survey items be carried out as follows W.W.T. foot sample analysis including u.v. test B. Fine chemicals : survey items be carried out as follows W.W.T. and / or foot sample analysis + N.V.M. test C. Semi-Fine chemicals: Running foot sampling with visual check and / or N.V.M. test occasionally D. Easy chemical : visual inspected but should be removed previous cargo E. Clean petroleum product (CCP) F. Vegetable oil for Edible G. Vegetable oil for industrial H. Animal oil and fat GROUP (A) ACETONE, DIETHYL SULPHATE, ETHYL ALCOHOL, ETHYLENE GLYCOL ( Fiber Grade ), FORM ALDEHYDE SOLUTION, ISO PROPYL ALCOHOL, METHYL ACETATE, METHYL ALCOHOL, VINYL ACETATE MONOMER , GROUP (B) ACETIC ACID, ACRYLONITRILE, AMYL ACETATE ( ISO, SEC- ), ANILINE, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, CHLOROFORM, CYCLOHEXANE, DECENE, DIACETONE ALCOHOL, DICHLORO BENZENE (ORTHO- , 1,1-DICHLORO ETHANE, 2,2DICHLORO ISOPROPYL ETHER, DICHLOROMETANE, 1,2-DICHLORO PROPENE, 1,3-DICHLORO PROPENE, DITHANOLAMINE, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER, DIISOBUTYL KETONE, DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE, DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL, DOWANOL-DPM, EPICHLOROHYDRIN, ETHANOL AMINE (DI, TRI), 2-ETHOXYETHANOL, 2-ETHOXYETHYL ACETATE, ETHYL ACETATE (DI, TRI), ETHYL ACRYLATE, ETHYL GLYCOL, ETHYLENE AMINES, ETHYLENE DIAMINE, ETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL ETHER, ETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL ETHER ACETATE, 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE, ETHYL METHACRYLATE, HEPTANE (m-), HEPTENE, HEXANE (m-), HEXYL ACETATE, ISOAMYL ACETATE, ISOPAR-G (-K, -L), METHYL ACRYLATE,METHYL AMYL ACETATE, METHYL AMYL ALCOHOL, METHLENE CHLORIDE,METHYL ETHYL KETONE, METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE, METHYL METHACRYLATE, 2-NITRO PROPANE, NONYL PHENOL OCTENE, PENTANE (n-), PECHROLO ETHYLENE, PHENOL, PROPYLENE GRYCOL METHYL ETHER, GROUP (G) . XYLENE GROUP (E) DIESEL OIL. HEPTANOL. BENZENE. CRESOL. KEROSENE. ISO DECANOL. SOYA WHEY WATER. AMYL ALCOHOL (n-. DODECYL ALCOHOL. VORANOL. NONENE. DODECYL BENZENE. VARSOL 40 WHITE SPIRIT GROUP (D) ALKANE. ISO OCTANOL. normal-PARAFFIN.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. TRITHYLENE GLYCOL. DIETHYLBENZENE. normal-OLEFINS. TRANSFORMER OIL GROUP (F) AMIX. FURFURAL. MOLASSES. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. NONYL ALCOHOL. ALKYL BENZENE. -U). CRESOTE (COAL TAR). SAFFLOWER OIL. SLACK WAX. DIOCTYL PHTHALATE. BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE. GAS OIL. DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (-E. ETHYL BENZENE. sec-. SUNFLOWER OIL. MORPHONLINE. CORN OIL. OCTANOL . HEAVY ALKLATE. BUTYL ALCOHOL (ISO. NAPHTHA.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 24 of 56 STYRENE MONOMER. n-). GASOLINE. FATTY ALCOHOL. VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE. tert-. REFINED). JET FUEL. CYCLOHEXANOL. TRIDECANOL. sec-. DIISOOCTYL PHTHALATE. BUTYL ACRYLATE (m-. RAPE SEED OIL. UNDECYL ALCOHOL. REFINED). INK SOLVENT. OLEFIN. POLY PROPYLENE GLYCOL. COCONUT OIL. WHITE OIL GROUP (C) ALLYL ALCOHOL. TRIETHANOL AMINE. KA OIL. METHYL TERT BUTYL ETHER. DECYL ALCOHOL (ISO. GROUND NUT OIL. ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL. LINEAR ALKYL BENZENE. CYCLOHEXANOL mixture. alpha-OLEFINS. 1. LIAL ALCOHOL. SOYA BEAN OIL. BUTYL ACETATE (mISO). ETHYLENE GRYCOL BUTYL ETHER. DIISODECYL PHTHALATE (E.-U). C9 PROMATICS B. PY GAS (Pyrolysis gasoline). TOLUENE. OLEFIN mixture. PROPYLENE TETRAMETER. CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION. TRI.LAURIC ACID. ISO NONANOL. CAUSTIC POTASH SOLUTION. TELONE II. tert ). primary). ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE. ISOAMYL ALCOHOL. TRIETHYLBENZENE. HEXANOL. PALM STEARINE. DRILLING FLUID. BUTYL GLYCOL. ISOPROPYL BENZENE. SULPHURIC ACID. DIISOBUTYLENE. LUBRICATING OIL ADDITIVES. LUBRICATING OIL. ISO).. PARAFFIN WAX. CHLOROBENZENE. DIPENTENE. COTTON SEED OIL (PBSY-). DODECENE.1. GLYCERINE (CRUDE. CYCLOHEXANONE. COAL TAR NAPTHA SOLVENT. CUMENE. UERA AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION. 2ETHYLHEXYL ALCOHOL. PALM (CRUDE.1-TRICHLOROETHANE. CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. n-. LARD. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 25 of 56 CASTOR OIL. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. HOG GREASE.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . METHYL ESTER. TUNG OIL GROUP (H) FISH OIL.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. TALL OIL. RAPE SEED ACID OIL. LIGNIN PITCH (LIGNOSULPHONATE SOL.) LINSEED OIL. PALM FATTY ACID OIL. TALLOW . PALM SLUDGE OIL. PALM SPILIT STEARINE. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. step 2-1H . omit step 5 GGG. step 2-1H (=Propeniyl Alcohol) [] AMYL ACETATE (ISO. sec-.P. step 2-1H GG.n-. step 2-1H G. & LUBE ANIMAL CHEMICALS OIL ( Including Oils FROM for Industries ) CCC omit step 5 CCC [] ACETIC ACID CCC omit step 5 [O] ACETONE A O OO O O OO ACRYLONITRILE (★★) ALKANE (DODECYL BENZENE (★★) G GG ALKYL BENZENE G [Alkyl (C3-C4) Benzene ] [Alkyl (C5-C8) Benzene ] ALKYL BENZENE [Alkyl C9+ Benzene ] [] ALLYL ALCOHOL G. step 2-1H GG. sec-) II.ISO) II.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. tert.primery) ANILINE G II GGG G GG [] BENZENE (★★) G [] BUTYL ACETATE (n-. omit step 5 II. omit step 5 GGG. APPLIED ★★ SEE BANNED CARGO LIST TO CARGO GROUP CHEMICAL VEGETABLE SENSITIVE C.omit step 5 AMYL ALCOHOL G G GG (n-.omit step 5 O OO BUTYL ACRYLATE (n-. tert-. step 2-1H G.ISO) (★★) O BUTYL ALCOHOL (ISO. omit step 5 II.G.P.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .) BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE II II GGG (★★) O OO BUTYL METHACRYLATE (★★) O BUTYLENE GLYCOL G G G C 9 AROMATICS G II GGG [] CARBON TETRACHLORIDE G G GG (★★) CASTOR OIL FF F FFF D D DDD []CAUSTIC POTASH SOLUTION D DDD []CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION D G GG []CHLOROBENZENE (★★) G G GG []CHLOROFORM (★★) G . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 26 of 56 PRODUCT CLEANING CHART NOTE : [O] PRECAUTION/SPECIAL CLEANING PROCEDURE [] PENETRATING CARGO [] SPECIAL CAUTION PRODUCT CLEANING CHART ★ ANNEX I. sec-. omit step 5 G FF MMM MMM FFF EEE FFF GG FFF G E II EE GGG EEE G G G G GG GG G G GG G GG GGG G G G or II G GG GG G G or II GG FF G II G II FF G II G II FFF GG GGG GG GGG II II GGG D DD DDD GG .8 M.2-DICHLORO PROPENE (★★) [] 7. n-) DIACETONE ALCOHOL (★★) DICHLORO BENZENE (ortho-)(★★) [] 1. VEKTOR MARITIM Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 27 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE PRODUCT CLEANING CHART TO CARGO GROUP FROM COAL TAR NAPTHA SOLVENT (★★) COCONUT OIL (CRUDE.P.-U) (★★) DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (-E.P.★★) DIETHYL SULPHATE (★★) DIISOUTYLENE (★★) DIISOBUTYL KETONE (★★) DIISODECYL PHTHALATE (-E.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 August 01. CYCLOHEXANOL mixture DECENE DECYL ALCOHOL (ISO. TRI.-U) (★★) DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE (★★) CHEMICALS C.1-DICHLORO ETHANE (★★) [] 2.& LUBE OIL SENSITIVE CHEMICALS G VEGETABLE ANIMAL (Including Oils for Industrials) G FF F. 2012 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . COCHIN) CORN OIL COTTON SEED OIL (PBSY-) CREOSOTE (COAL TAR) (★★) CRESOLE (★★) CYCLOHEXANE CYCLOHEXANOL CYCLOHEXANONE CYCLOHEXANONE .5.8 FF FF EE FF.3-DICHLORO PROPENE (★★) DIESEL OIL (★.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.5. omit step 3 FFF MM MM FF FF E F G F M.2-DICHLORO ISOPROPYL ETHER (★★) DICHLOROMETHANE (★★) [] 1. omit step 4. omit step 4. step 2-3H DD.step 1-2H/22H G. VEKTOR MARITIM Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 28 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE PRODUCT CLEANING CHART TO CARGO GROUP FROM DIOCTYL PHTHALATE (★★) DIPENTENE (★★) DODECYL ALCOHOL [] DRILLING FLUID (Trade n. omit step 3 C CC G G GG G G GG G G GG G O G O GG OO E O EE O EEE OO FF MM FF M FFF MM G.P.SEMI.W F/W GG A OO GG GGG.) (★★) EPICHLOROHYDRIN (=ECH) (★★) ETHANOL AMINE (DI. DI.step 1 L. step 2-3H GG. step 2-3H G. 2012 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . TRI) []ETHYL ALCOHOL ETHYL ACRYLATE (★★) ETHYL BENZENE (★★) ETHYLENE AMINES (★★) ETHYLENE DIAMINE (★★) []ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE (★★) ETHYLENE GLYCOL (MONO. step 1-2H C.P. & LUB OIL SENSITIVE CHEMICALS II G II FF VEGETABLE ANIMAL (Including Oils for Industrials) I G II FF FF FF GGG DD. step 2-3H G A O G DD.step 1-2H/2-3H GGG. step 1-2H G A O G DD. REFINED) FORM ALDEHYDE SOLUTION (★★) FURFURAL (★★) CHEMICALS C. TRI)( ★★) []ETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER []ETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL ETHER ETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL ETHER ACETATE 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE (★★) 2-ETHYLHEXYL ALCOHOL ETHYL METHACRYLATE (★★) FATTY ALCOHOL []FISH OIL (CRUDE. TRI) (★★) []ETHYL ACETATE (DI. step 2-3H II.step 1-2H 2-2H GGG II GGG GGG GGG GGG .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. step 2-3H DD. step 1 DD.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 August 01.step 1-2H II GG. step 2-3H DD. step 2-1H II G A G G G G G G G FF G G. VEKTOR MARITIM Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 29 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE GASOLINE (★. omit step 3 FFF. REFINED ) HEAVY ALKYLATE ( Trade name ) HEPTANE (n-) HEPTANOL (★★) HEPTENE HEXANE (n-) HEXANOL HEXYL ACETATE (★★) INK SOLVENT (★.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.omit step 4 MM FF M FF MMM FFF PRODUCT CLEANING CHART TO CARGO GROUP CHEMICALS C.4 FFF G G GG G G G G G G FF G G.P.(-K. 2012 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 August 01.omit step 2.-L)(Tradename) []ISO PROPYL ALCOHOL ISO PROPYL BENZENE (=CUMENE)( ★★) JET FUEL (★.★★) KEROSENE (★.★★) [] LUBRICATING OIL ADDITIVES () [] METHYL ACETATE (★★) [] METHYL ALCOHOL PRODUCT CLEANING CHART G A See Special Cleaning Procedure G GG A A .★★) [] ISOAMYL ACETATE ISOANYL ALCOHOL ISO NONANOL ISOPAR-G.step 2-1H GGG GG A GG II FF FF FF F II FF FF FF F GGG FFF FFF FFF FFF.P.★★) II II GGG SENSITIVE CHEMICALS F VEGETABLE ANIMAL (Including Oils for Industrials) F FF F.★★) LAURIC ACID LARD(=HOG GREASE) LIGNOSULPHONATE Sol. REFINED) GROUND NUT OIL (CRUDE.step 2-1H II G A II GG GG GG GG GG GG FFF GG GG.3. & LUBE OIL FROM GLYCERINE (CRUDE .=LIGNIN PITCH [] LINSEED OIL LUBRICATING OIL (★. P. 2012 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .step 1-2H.step 1-2H 2-1H GG.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 August 01.omit step 2.step 1-2H.omit step 3 F.step 1-2H.3 FFF. 2-1H O VEGETABLE ANIMAL (Including Oils for Industrials) F G.step 1-2H. 2-1H FFF GG GGG GG.step 1-2H.step 1-2H. 2-1H OO G.P.OIL) [] METHYL ETHYL KETONE METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE [] METHYL METHACRYLATE (★★) METHYL TERBUTYL ETHER MOLASSES MORPHOLINE (★★) NAPHTHA (★.★★) 2-NITRO PROPANE (★★) NONENE (★★) NONYL PHENOL (★★) OCTENE normal-OLEFINS (C10-C13) (★★) OLEFIN mixtures (C5-C7) (★★) PALM (CRUDE OIL) PALM (REFINED GRADE OIL) PALM STEARINE [] PALM FATTY ACID OIL [] PALM SLUDGE OIL [] PALM SPILIT STEARINE normal-PARAFFIN (★★) [] PARAFFIN WAX (=SLACK WAX)( ★★) ()PICOLINE(2-METHYL PYRIDINE)(★★) [] PERCHLOROETHYLENE (★★) [] PHENOL (★★) CHEMICALS C. 2-1H F.3 GGG PEGASOL-R100 (★.2-1H SENSITIVE CHEMICALS+ O FFF GG.omit step 2.omit step 3 FFF FFF FF J J J II FF F.step 1-2H. VEKTOR MARITIM Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 30 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE TO CARGO GROUP FROM METHYL ESTER (VEG. & LUBE OIL FF G.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.omit step 3 G or II II II. omit step 5 GG F FF.step 1-2H.2-1H II . 2-1H FF G I G II II II II G.★★) II G. 2-1H G.step 5 metha GGG GGG GGG GGG II II GGG FF FF F.step 5 metha II II II II GG.omit step 3 J J J II FF FFF JJ JJ JJ GGG FFF G II GGG G II. 2012 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .TRICHLOROETHANE(1. omit 5 MM NNN. omit 5 CCC MMM NNN LLL GG FFF GG MM FF M FF MMM FFF G II GGG II II GGG O O OO FF G FF II FFF GGG FFF .1. omit 5 MM NNN.) (Alkyl Benzene)(★★) []VINYL ACETATE MONOMER (★★) WHITE OIL (★. TRI-) PROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER (★★) PROPYLENE TETRAMER PY GAS (Pyrolysis Gasoline) (★★) RAPE SEED OIL RAPE SEED ACID OIL SAFFLOWER OIL SOYA BEAN OIL SOYA WHEY WATER [] STYRENE MONOMER (★★) SULPHURIC ACID SUNFLOWER OIL [] TALL OIL [] TALLOW TOLUENE (★) TRANSFORMER OIL (★.★★) WHITE SPILIT (★★) CHEMICALS C. omit 7 LL G FF II.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 August 01.★★) [] 1.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.& LUBE OIL SENSITIVE CHEMICALS F VEGETABLE ANIMAL (Including Oils for Industrials) FF G G GG G G GG G G G II GG GGG EE FF MM MM FF O EE F M M F O EEE FFF MMM MMM FFF OO CCC.2-) (★★) [] TUNG OIL (★★) UNDECYL ALCOHOL (UNDECANOL) [] UREA AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION (★★) VARSOL 40 (Trade n. omit 7 LL G FF G CCC.P.P. VEKTOR MARITIM Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 31 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE PRODUCT CLEANING CHART TO CARGO GROUP FROM POLY PROPYLENE GLYCOL (=VORANOL) PROPYLENE GLYCOL (MONO-.1.1. DI-. P.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 August 01.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 32 of 56 TANK CLEANING GUIDE PRODUCT CLEANING CHART TO CARGO GROUP CHEMICALS C.metha-. 2012 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .mixed) G (★★) [] XYLENE (para-)(★★) E VEGETABLE ANIMAL (Including Oils for Industrials) G SENSITIVE CHEMICALS EE EEE GG .& LUBE OIL FROM XYLENE (ortho-.P. tank. means Closed-Circulation Butterworthing after filling water into the cargo tank after completion of spraying detergent . Initial FW from tank must be flushed out. and raised up to hot gradually. Distilled Water NOTE : Quality of Distilled water must be checked by analysis before spraying. . FLUSHING : make tank. (Sea Water = 5 30C) (Fresh Water =1525C) 40 50C / Luke Warm : 30 35C more than 65C generally. COLD : Ambient temperature generally WARM HOT DETERGENT : : : RINSE : Rinsing with FW or SW to remove matter.W Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 33 of 56 Fresh Water NOTE : S/W August 01. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE CLEANING : Refer to Manual O5 Section 6.6 and 6.24 B/W : Butterworthing NOTE : : : : B/W pressure should be adjusted depends on cargo to be cleaned and or cleaning procedure. Warm fresh water is much preferable DRAIN & DRY WARM & HOT : : Draining and Drying. or vent line clean by running water through hand hose or cleaning machines. cargo line. 2012 PROCEDURE LIST DETENTION F/W COM-CT / A/04 Cleanness of S/W must be confirmed before starting work.Occasionally. Sea Water NOTE : DSTL. preferably temperature = 80C means Butterworthing with detergent solution in slop tank or empty cargo tank by means of recirculation system basically. especially in port or near shore . Quality of water should be checked before use. or dirty something.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. lines and pump Cleaning water should be warm (40C) at the first step. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR. . DRAINING OF TANK. WARM S/W B/W 2 HOUR. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. LIVE STEAMING. 2. REPEATED ITEM 3 & 4 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. 2. 3. 2. 5. DRYING. LINE AND PUMP. BB 1. LIVE STEAMING. REPEATED ITEM 3 & 4 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. CCC 1. DRYING. 3. 5. 4. B 1. LINE AND PUMP. DRAINING OF TANK. LINE AND PUMP. AA 1. 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 3. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR. LIVE STEAMING. CC 1. 5. METHA SPRAY. MAKE GOOD VENTILATION AND REPEAT LIVE STEAMING. 2. LINE AND PUMP. 6. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR. COLD F/W B/W 1 HOUR. LIVE STEAMING. 4.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 2. 5. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR. METHANOL SPRAY. F/W WASH. DRYING. LIVE STEAMING. STRIPPING OF TANK. IF REMAINED ODOUR. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. DRAINING OF TANK. C 1. DRAINING OF TANK. METHANOL SPRAY. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 34 of 56 A 1. LIVE STEAMING. 2. 3. 3. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 3. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD FRESH WATER FOR ½ 0HOUR OR HAND WASHING AFTER GAS FREE. 4. LINE AND PUMP. 4. 4. LINE AND PUMP. 4. 6. DRAINING OF TANK. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. LIVE STEAMING. B/W WARM S. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 6. LINE AND PUMP. LIVE STEAMING. 5. 8. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. LIVE STEAMING. 3. 6. F/W WASH. BUTTERWORTHING WITH L. . B/W HOT SEA WATER 2 HOUR. 2.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. B/W HOT SEA WATER 2 HOURS. DRAINING OF TANK. REPEATED ITEM 4 & 5 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALLWASH TEST.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . TOLUENE STEAMING 2 HOURS. 3. 5. B/W L. 2.W.W SEA WATER 1 HOUR. 1. 3. 7. B/W HOT S/W 2 HOURS. 5. 6. RINSING 2 HOURS. 4. 3.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. LINE AND PUMP. VEKTOR MARITIM D. TOLUENE STEAMING 2 HOURS. DD TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 7.W F/W 1 HOUR. METHA SPRAY. B/W LUKE WARM SEA WATER 1 HOUR. 4. LIVE STEAMING. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 35 of 56 4. 6. 6. RINSING 1 HOUR. 2. B/W L. DETERGENT 2 HOURS. 3.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 4. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. BUTTERWORTHING WITH LUKE WARM (2030C) FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR. EE 1. 2. EEE 1. E. RINSING 2 HOURS. 4. DRYING. F/W WASHING. 1. B/W L. FRESH WATER FOR ½ 1 HOUR. 5. 1. 4. 3. 2. DRAINING OF TANK. BUTTERWORTHING WITH FRESH WATER FOR 0. August 01. F/W WASHING. 2.W SEA WATER 1 HOUR.W 2 HOUR. DETERGENT 1 HOUR. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. F/W WASHING. DDD 1. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. METHANOL SPRAY. 5. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. DRYING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. LIVE STEAMING. 5. 4. 6. 4. GG 1. FFF 1. 7. METHA SPRAY. REPEATED. LINE AND PUMP. METHANOL SPRAY. 5. LINE AND PUMP. 7. REPEATED ITEM 6 & 7 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. 2. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 5. DRAINING OF TANK. G 1.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM WATER FOR 0. 2. 4. VEKTOR MARITIM 8. 3. 6. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. F 1. TOLUENE STEAMING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 1 HOUR. 3.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. 10. LIVE STEAMING. 3. 4. 2. DRAINING OF TANK. METHANOL SPRAY. DRAINING OF TANK.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. DETERGENT B/W WITH WARM SEA WATER 2 HOURS. RINSING WARM – HOT 2 HOURS. 5. 3. LIVE STEAMING. REPEATED ITEM 5 & 6 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. 9. 9. TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. DRAINING OF TANK. DETERGENT WARM S/W 2 HOURS. . 4. 5. 3. 6. 2. TOLUENE STEAMING . BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. FF 1. DRYING. F/W WASHING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 1 HOUR. 8. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. NUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. LINE AND PUMP. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. F/W WASHING. LINE AND PUMP. 7 9. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 36 of 56 METHA STEAM. LIVE STEAMING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 1 HOUR. LINE AND PUMP. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 10. HH. VEKTOR MARITIM 7. 2. DRAINING OF TANK. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. 5. 2. 2. LIVE STEAMING. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. FRESH WATER HAND WASHING. F/W WASHING. LINE AND PUMP. REPEATED ITEM 7 & 8 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. 9. LINE AND PUMP. . BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 1 HOURS. 4. DRYING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. 3. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 2. 9. GGG 1. F/W WASHING. 4. TOLUENE STEAMING (LEL: 3. I 1. 1. 7. 6. F/W WASHING. 3. 8. TOLUENE STEAMING (LEL: 3. LINE AND PUMP.7LITRES / 100M3). 10. DRAINING OF TANK. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. LIVE STEAMING. H 1.7LITRES / 100M3).Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 5.7 LITRES / 100M3). 4. 3. TOLUENE STEAMING (LEL: 3. LINE AND PUMP. 5. 3. TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. DRAINING OF TANK. 6. 3. 2. 8. 7. REPEATED ITEM 8 & 9 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. RINSING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. RINSING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. 7. 8. II 1. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 6. METHANOL SPRAY. 4. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. DRAINING OF TANK. METHANOL SPRAY. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 1 HOUR. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM TO HOT SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. 5.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 11. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 37 of 56 DRAINING OF TANK. RINSING WITH SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. DETERGENT B/W WITH WARM S/W 2 HOURS. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. LINE AND PUMP. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. LIVE STEAMING. 6. – IF ANY RESIDUE OF CARGO – FILL WARM SEA WATER UP TO 20 – 30cm FROM BOTTOM. LINE AND PUMP. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. 4. 12. LUKE WARM B/W 2 HOURS (PRESSURE. F/W WASHING. 3. DRAINING TANK. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. 4. 6. 3. 5. LINE AND PUMP. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 4 HOURS. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM TO HOT SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. DRAINING OF TANK. TOLUENE STEAMING (LEL: 3. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 6.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .7LITRES / 100M3). 8. 6. ( HEATING COIL TO BE COVERED ) ANY KEEP HEAT 1-2 DAYS TO DISSOLVE RESIDUE. LIVE STEAMING. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 2. DISCHARGE ABOVE WATER. 1.7LITRES / 100M3) BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD FRESH WATER FOR 0. K August 01. 9.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM J Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 38 of 56 RINSING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. 5.5kg/cm3) BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 4 HOURS. LUKE WARM B/W 2 HOURS. METHANOL SPRAY.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. 2. 5. 9. 8. REPEATED ITEM 8 & 9 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. LINE AND PUMP. 2012 4. LIVE STEAMING. 11. JJ TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 1. 8. DRAINING OF TANK. RINSING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. . MORE THAN 8. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 4 HOURS. TOLUENE STEAMING (LEL: 3. RINSING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. CHECK TANK/BELOW HEATING COIL/U BOLT OF HEATING COIL SUPPORT/ETC. DRYING. DRAINING OF TANK. 2. 8. SOON AFTER COMPLETION OF DISCHARGE. 7. 5. 10. THEN SEA WATER (OR FRESH WATER) HAND WASH. STEAMING FOR 2 – 3 HOURS (AS LONG AS POSSIBLE). 4. 3. 7. 1.5 HOUR OR HAND WASHING. 7. 7. TOLUENE SPRAY. 10. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS.SOLUTION (NEUTRALIZED DET 50% ALKALI DET 50%) ABT 15 TONS IN SLOP TANK WHICH LOCATED TANK . 5. LIVE STEAMING FOR 2HOURS OR DEPEND ON TANK CAPACITY. L 1. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT (OVER 75C SEA WATER FOR 3 – 4 HOURS. REPEATED ITEM 7 & 8 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. DRYING. OF BW WATER SHOULD BE RAISED UP (HEATED UP) TO ABT 60C. 2. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 39 of 56 STEAMING FOR 2-3HOURS (AS LONG AS POSSIBLE). * CAUTION : NEVER START BW-MACHINES OPERATION UNTIL TEMP. DRAINING OF TANK. VEKTOR MARITIM KK 1. 6. 8. 11. COCO OIL.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. COCO OIL. RINSING WARM-HOT 2HOURS.50%: ALKALI DET 50%) ABT 15 TONS IN SLOP TANK WHICH LOCATED TANK CLEANING SUCTION. 2. DRAINING OF TANK. CHECK TANK/BELOW HEATING COIL/U BOLT OF HEATING COIL SUPPORT/ETC. 2. 9. TO BE MADE DET. 6. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS.SOON AFTER COMPLETION OF DISCHARGE.OF BW WATER SHOULD BE RAISED UP (HEATED UP) ABT 60C. CHARACTERISTICS OF TALLOW IS DIFFERENT FROM PALM. * CAUTION : RECIRCULATION METHOD. DISCHARGE ABOVE WATER.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT SEA WATER FOR 4 HOURS. 4. TO BE MADE DET. SOLUTION (NEUTRALIZED DET. 4. 5. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT (OVER 75C) SEA WATER FOR 3-4 HOURS. LL 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF TALLOW IS DIFFERENT FROM PALM. 7. 3. TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 3. LINE AND PUMP. (HEATING COIL TO BE COVERED) AND KEEP HEAT 1-2 DAYS TO DISSOLVE RESIDUE . METHANOL SPRAY. LINE AND PUMP. * CAUTION : RECIRCULATION METHOD. THEN SEA WATER (OR FRESH WATER) HAND WASH. LIVE STEAMING. PURE WATER SPRAY. * CAUTION : NEVER START BW-MACHINES OPERATION UNTIL TEMP. – IF ANY RESIDUE OF CARGO – FILL WARM SEA WATER UP TO 20 – 30 cm FROM BOTTOM. KEEP WET CONDITION IN TANK. REPEATED ITEM 7 & 8 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. UNLESS ZINC COATED TANK COMPOUNDED CAUSTIC SODA OR VECOM B2 SHOULD BE USED. STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. TO BE MADE DET.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. M TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. RINSING WARM – HOT 2 HOURS TOLUENE STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS X 2 TIMES ( LEL 3. * CAUTION : DRY TYPE OIL (IODINE VALUE : 170 – 190) THEREFORE. 5. VEKTOR MARITIM 3. 2. 7. TOLUENE SPRAY. 9. COCO OIL. 8. BUTTERWORTHING WITH HOT (OVER 75C) SEA WATER FOR 3-4 HOURS. 8. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM TO HOT SEA WATER FOR 3 HOURS. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 40 of 56 CLEANING SUCTION. .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 3. 4. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . * CAUTION : NEVER START BW-MACHINES OPERATION UNTIL TEMP. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 11. LUKE WARM WATER BUTTERWORTHING SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. STRIPPING FOR TANK. IMPORTANT POINTS OF CLEANING AS FOLLOWS: NEVER DO CLEANING WITH HOT WATER AT THE FIRST STAGE.7 LITRES / 100M3 ) F/W WASHING.OF BW WATER SHOULD BE RAISED UP (HEATED UP) TO ABT 60C. 10. DRAINING OF TANK. LLL 1. 6. LINE AND PUMP. 7. 5.SOLUTION (NEUTRAIZED DET 50%: ALKALI DET 50%) ABT 15 TONS IN SLOP TANK WHICH LOCATED TANK CLEANING SUCTION. RINSING WARM – HOT 3 HOURS. 6. i. CHARACTERISTICS OF TALLOW IS DIFFERENT FROM PALM. STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. * CAUTION : RECIRCULATION METHOD. 4. BUTTERWORTH PRESSURE SHOULD BE KEPT AS HIGH AS POSSIBLE . LINE AND PUMP.e. METHANOL SPRAY. (SET POSITION OF MACHINES : LOADED LEVEL. AND ALSO ON THE CEILING AFTER THAN LEAVE AS IT IS FOR ABT 1 HOUR OR MORE.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS.e. PRE WASH IN PORT BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD WATER SOON AFTER DISCHARGE FOR 1 HOUR. not required this. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 41 of 56 PRE WASH IN PORT BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD WATER SOON AFTER DISCHARGE FOR 1 HOUR. 6. TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. IMPORTANT POINTS OF CLEANING AS FOLLOWS : 1. BUTTERWORTH PRESSURE SHOULD BE KEPT AS HIGH AS POSSIBLE. DRAINING AND DRYING. DETERGENT B/W WITH WARM (35C) FRESH WATER AND CAUSTIC SODA 2% SOLUTION OR V-B2 1% FOR 2 HOURS. RINSING WITH WARM (40C) TO HOT (70C) SEA WATER 3 HOURS. LUKE WARM WATER BUTTERWORTHING SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. in case of semi dry type cargo. 4. MM * CAUTION : DRY TYPE OIL (IODINE VALUE : 170 – 190) THEREFORE. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD WATER FOR 1 HOUR OR HAND WASHING. 8. VENTILATING BY FAN SOON AFTER 7 FOR REMOVING ODOR. FRESH WATER HAND WASHING. NEVER DO CLEANING WITH HOT WATER AT THE FIRST STAGE. i. . OR 3m FROM UPPER DECK) & IS MORE EFFECTIVE AND RECOMMENDABLE. 9. 2 SPRAY V-B2 (100%) IN THE TANK ESPECIALLY ON THE WALL OF ULLAGE AREA. IF YOU CAN. 5. UNLESS CINZ COATED TANK COMPOUNDED CAUSTIC SODA OR VECOM B2 SHOULD BE USED. 3. 7.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. VEKTOR MARITIM 1. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. KEEP WET CONDITION IN TANK. 10. PRE WASH IN PORT BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD WATER SOON AFTER DISCHARGE FOR 1 HOUR. KEEP WET CONDITION IN TANK. LUKE WARM WATER BUTTERWORTHING SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. 5. IF YOU CAN. STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. RINSING WITH WARM (40C) TO HOT (70C) SEA WATER 3 HOURS. OR 3m FROM UPPER DECK) & IS MORE EFFECTIVE AND RECOMMENDABLE.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 10. DETERGENT B/W WITH WARM (35C) FRESH WATER AND CAUSTIC SODA 2% SOLUTION OR V-B2 1% FOR 2 HOURS. (SET POSITION OF MACHINES : LOADED LEVEL. MMM * 1. AND ALSO ON THE CEILING AFTER THAN LEAVE AS IT IS FOR ABT 1 HOUR OR MORE. TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01.e.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 2012 NEVER DO CLEANING WITH HOT WATER AT THE FIRST STAGE. i. OR 3m FROM UPPER DECK) & IS MORE EFFECTIVE AND RECOMMENDABLE. Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 42 of 56 BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. . 8. 3. VEKTOR MARITIM 2. CAUTION : DRY TYPE OIL (IODINE VALUE : 170 – 190) THEREFORE. 6. AND ALSO ON THE CEILING AFTER THAN LEAVE AS IT IS FOR ABT 1 HOUR OR MORE. IF YOU CAN. DRAINING AND DRYING. FRESH WATER HAND WASHING. 7. IMPORTANT POINTS OF CLEANING AS FOLLOWS: OR. (SET POSITION OF MACHINES : LOADED LEVEL. 4. SPRAY V-B2 (100%) IN THE TANK ESPECIALLY ON THE WALL OF ULLAGE AREA. UNLESS XINC COATED TANK COMPOUNDED CAUSTIC SODA OR VECOM B2 SHOULD BE USED. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD WATER FOR 1 HOUR OR HAND WASHING. SPRAY V-B2 (100%) IN THE TANK ESPECIALLY ON THE WALL OF ULLAGE AREA. VENTILATION BY FAN SOON AFTER 7 FOR REMOVING ODOR. BUTTERWORTH PRESSURE SHOULD BE KEPT AS HIGH AS POSSIBLE . BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD WATER FOR 1 HOUR OR HAND WASHING. 9. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. AND LEAVE IT FOR MINIMUM 1 HOUR. 3. PUT WARM (50 55C) SW (ABOUT 15 TONS) INTO TANK WHICH SPRAYED B-1430. METHANOL SPRAY. ETC. 8.ADD. BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. LUKE WARM (25C) TO WARM (NOT OVER THAN 40C) SW BW. AND LEAVE IT SEVERAL HOURS AS LONG AS POSSIBLE IN TANK.W.) 3. AND STEAMING.g. SLUDGE OIL.4 HOURS. b) CHECK THE TANK & CARRY OUT WIPING TANK WALL AND OTHERS PARTIALLY WITH THINNER OR TOLUENE OR KEROSENE IF YOU FIND OUT RESIDUE.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 43 of 56 BUTTERWORTHING WITH COLD SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. SOLUTION TO BE GATHERED VIA BOTH MANIFOLD. 11. BUTTERWORTH WITH WARM (40C) TO HOT (70C) SEA WATER 3 HOURS. 4HOURS. CLOSED RECIRCULATION WITH WARM (35C) FRESH WATER AND CAUSTIC SODA 2% SOLUTION OR V-B2 1% FOR 2 HOURS. 13. 7. a) WARM (40C) TO HOT (70-75C) SW BW 3 HOURS WITH MAXIMUM PRESS. 2. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. LIVE STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS OR DEPEND ON TANK CAPACITY.. GATHERING THE KEROSENE IN DRUMS. 4. AFTER SAILING : 1. (OR NEYTRALIZED DET. N TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. LINE AND PUMP. .5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING. 5. TOLUENE SPRAY. 10. AND/OR HIGH TEMP CARGO (e. CARRYING OUT CIRCULATION OF IT IN SUCTION LINE AND FILLING LINE. VEKTOR MARITIM 2. 12. (LEL : 3. SPRAY B:1430 (100%). * MACHINE SET POSITION : 4-5 STEPS.LUB. * CAUTION : B/W PRESSURE SHOULD BE KEPT MORE THAN 9kg/cm3 ( AS POSSIBLE MACHINE SET POSITION : 4-5 STEPS. * CAUTION : DON’T CARRY OUT DETERGENT SPRAY WHEN HOT B. 9.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. DRAINING OF TANK.) CARRYING OUT CIRCULATION OF IT IN SUCTION LINE AND FILLING LINE. REPEATED ITEM 10 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. PALM STEARIN) IS IN ADJACENT TANK ESPECIALLY ON THE WALL OF TRANSVERE BULKHEAD IN CENTER TANK. RINSING. OR TANK STEAMING IS CARRYING OUT IN ADJACENT TANK.7LITRES / 100M3 ) BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM TO HOT SEA WATER FOR 2 HOURS. AND DETERGENT B/W BY CLOSED RECIRCULATION SYSTEM THROUGH THE MOLLASSES FLANGE. AT BERTH : SPRAY KEROSENE (400-6001) x 2 TIMES. 4. 5. 6. DRAINING OF TANK. DRYING. b) CHECK THE TANK & CARRY OUT WIPING TANK WALL AND OTHERS PARTIALLY WITH THINNER OR TOLUENE OR KEROSENE IF YOU FIND OUT RESIDUE. * CAUTION : DON’T CARRY OUT DETERGENT SPRAY WHEN HOT B. (OR NEWTRALIZED DET. WARM-HOT 3 HOURS.7 LITRES / 100m3) FOR 2 HOURS. CARRYING OUT CIRCULATION OF IT IN SUCTION LINE AND FILLING LINE. * MACHINE SET POSITION : 4-5 STEPS. 2. AND LEAVE IT SEVERAL HOURS AS LONG AS POSSIBLE IN TANK. AND/OR HIGH TEMP CARGO (e. AND DETERGENT B/W BY CLOSEDCIRCULATION SYSTEM THROUGH THE MOLLASSES FLANGE. LINE AND PUMP. LINE AND PUMP.g. AND LEAVE IT FOR MINIMUM 1 HOUR. NN AT BERTH : SPRAY KEROSENE (400-6001) x 2 TIMES. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. PALM STEARIN) IS IN ADJACENT TANK ESPECIALLY ON THE WALL OF TRANSVERE BULKHEAD IN CENTER TANK.75C) SW BW 3 HOURS WITH MAXIMUM PRESS. a) WARM (40C) TO HOT (70 . (DUE TO REMOVING DOOR) BUTTERWORTHING WITH WARM FRESH WATER FOR 0. please carry out cleaning carefully.5HOURS. LUKE WARM B/W 4 HOURS. 2. 6. ALKALI DETERGENT B/W 2. AFTER SAILING : 1. NNN 1. SLUDGE OIL. 8. 4. 4 HOURS. LUKE WARM (25C) TO WARM (NOT OVER THAN 40C) SW BW. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01.) CARRYING OUT CIRCULATION OF IT IN SUCTION LINE AND FILLING LINE. 7. ½ HOURS OR HAND WASHING. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 44 of 56 c) WARM FW BW. RINSING. LIVE STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. 4 HOURS. RINSING. 4. OR TANK STEAMING IS CARRYING OUT IN ADJACENT TANK. GATHERING THE KEROSENE IN DRUMS. TOLUENE STEAMING (LEL : 3. KEROSENE SPRAY. ETC.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. PUT WARM (50-55C) SW (ABOUT 15 TONS) INTO TANK WHICH SPRAYED B-1430. 3. ●next cargo are even through VEGETABLE OIL. SPRAY B: 1430 (100%). 8.5 HOURS OR HAND WASHING.. CAUTION : B/W PRESSURE SHOULD BE KEPT MORE THAN 9kg/cm3 (AS POSSIBLE MACHINE SET POSITION : 4 – 5 STEPS) 3. 9. 5. . DRAINING OF TANK. 6.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 7. : LUB ADD.W. BUTTERWORTHING W/COLD WATER…60 MINUTES : 3 M (30 min) 6 M (30min) . * CAUTION : THIS VENTILATION PROCEDURE MUST BE STARTED IMMEDIATELY AFTER 5. RINSING 2 HOURS.WING TANK * CAUTION : BW PRESS. OO TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 BW W/COLD SEA WATER…ABT 6 HOURS (MACHINE PSN : 5 STEPS. 8. SLOP WATER CLEANED IN PORT SHOULD BE DISCHARGED A FEW MINUTES AFTER STARTING BW. (SET POSITION OF MACHINES : LOADED LEVEL. FLUSHING CARGO LINE WITH COLD WATER. (SET POSITION OF MACHINES : LOADED LEVEL.SHOULD BE KEPT ABOUT 6kg/cm3. LIVE STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. IN PORT 1. OR 3m FROM UPPER DECK) AFTER SAILING. b. . BW PRESS. 7. VEKTOR MARITIM 5. 9. NOT EXCEED. 3. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 45 of 56 TOLUENE STEAMING 2 HOURS ( OR 2 TIMES ) WARM F/W B/W METHA SPRAY AND STEAMING.NOT EXCEED 65C IN TANK. * CAUTION : CARGO LINE SHOULD BE FLUSHING INTO THE TANKFROM BOTH SIDE MANIFOLD. 6.…WING TANK) * CAUTION : a.SHOULD BE KEPT ABOUT 5kg/cm3. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. 7. BUTTERWORTHING W/COLD WATER…60 MINUTES : 3 M (30 min) 6 M (30min). 10. SHOULD BE KEPT ABOUT 5kg/cm3 (only to epoxyres in coating) for avoiding coating damage.WING TANK * CAUTION : BW PRESS. IN PORT 1. VENTILATION WITH FAN.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. OR 3m FROM UPPER DECK) AFTER SAILING.. c. VENT LINE SHOULD BE CLEANED OCCASIONALLY DURING BW. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. 11. * CAUTION : CARGO LINE SHOULD BE FLUSHING INTO THE TANK FROM BOTH SIDE MANIFOLD. * CAUTION : TEMP.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . LUKE WARM F/W WASHING. O August 01. LINE AND PUMP. 4. REPEAT ITEM 5 & 6 DRAINING OF TANK. 2. 5. CAN BE REPEATED. 6. FLUSHING CARGO LINE AND VENT LINE WITH COLD WATER.. 2. NOT EXCEED. CLEANING SLOP DISCHARGING HOSE TO KEPT 1.FROM STARTED TANK CLEANING. 12. NOT EXCEED. DETERGENT B/W 2 HOURS. 2. CHECK THE PH VALVE OF THE SLOP WATER WASHING IN THE DRAIN LINES TO BE CONTINUED UNTIL A VALUE AT LEAST 7 IS REACHED. DRAIN COCK SHOULD BE KEPT CLOSE UNTIL 30 MIN. CREW SHOULD BE WEARING NECESSARY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT..5m FROM THE SHIP’S SHELL PLATE AND 30cm UNDER WATER. 5. b. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 46 of 56 3. . METHANOL SPRAY AND STEAMING. P CAUTION AFTER DISCHARGED : 1. F/W WASHING 7. HAND WASHING WITH FRESH WATER ON THE SHADOW AREAS. REPEAT ITEM 8 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. DRAINING OF TANK. BW PRESS. SHOULD BE KEPT ABOUT 6kg/cm3. SLOP WATER CLEANED IN PORT SHOULD BE DISCHARGED A FEW MINUTES AFTER STARTING BW. BW W/COLD WATER…. 1. [5 & 6]. LIVE STEAMING FOR 2 HOURS. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. MORE THAN 15 MIN AT THE FIRST STAGE. 4. ALSO CHECK WHERE DEEP WELL AND SHADOW AREAS BY LITMUS PAPER. CLEANING SLOP WATER SHOULD BE DISCHARGING TO LEESIDE. AFTER TANK CLEANING : COFFERDAM OF CARGO PUMP SHOULD BE CARRY OUT PURGE COMPLETELY.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . * CAUTION : a. 8.WING TANK). 9. 11. 3. REPEAT ITE. 13. CARGO LINES DRAIN INTO CARGO TANK AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. 10. 2. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. COFFERDAM OF CARGO PUMP SHOULD BE CARRY OUT PURGE COMPLETELY. c. LINE AND PUMP. DURING THE TANK CLEANING : 1. 4.ABT 6 HOURS ( MACHINE PSN : 5 STEPS. BUTTERWORTHING WITH ABUNDANT COLD FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR.. RINSING WARM – HOT 2 HOURS 6. * CAUTION : THIS VENTILATING PROCEDURE MUST BE STARTED IMMEDIATELY AFTER 5. * 2. VENTILATING WITH FAN. VENT LINE SHOULD BE CLEANED OCCASIONALLY DURING BW. LIVE CIRCULATION FOR 10MIN. LIVE STEAMING. PP TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01.5m FROM THE SHIP’S SHELL PLATE AND 30cm UNDER WATER. HAND WASHING WITH FRESH WATER ON THE SHADOW AREAS. 1. 2. 3. LINE AND PUMP. CHECK THE PH VALVE OF THE SLOP WATER WASHING IN THE DRAIN LINES TO BE CONTINUED UNTIL A VALUE AT LEAST 7 IS REACHED. ALSO CHECK WHERE DEEP WELL AND SHADOW AREAS BY LITMUS PAPER. 4. 5. DRAINING OF TANK. MORE THAN 15 MIN. 7. CLEANING SLOP DISCHARGING HOSE TO KEPT 1. LIVE STEAMING. 4. DURING THE TANK CLEANING : 1. 3. REPEATED ITEM 5 & 6 DEPEND ON RESULT OF WALL WASH TEST. AT THE FIRST STAGE. CLEANING SLOP WATER SHOULD BE DISCHARGING TO LEE-SIDE. AFTER TANK CLEANED : CODDERDAM OF CARGO PUMP SHOULD BE CARRY OUT PURGE COMPLETELY. METHANOL SPRAY. 2. 6. DRY. BUTTERWORTHING WITH ABUNDANT COLD FRESH WATER FOR 1 HOUR. VEKTOR MARITIM 3. 8. GAS FREEING AND DRYING. CAUTION AFTER DISCHARGED : 1. DRAINING OF TANK.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 47 of 56 LINE CIRCULATION FOR 10 MIN. CARGO LINES DRAIN INTO CARGO TANK AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. . 2. 5. 4. CREW SHOULD BE WEARING NECESSARY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS. LINE AND PUMP. COFFERDAM OF CARGO PUMP SHOULD BE CARRY OUT PURGE COMPLETELY. DRAIN COOK SHOULD BE KEPT CLOSE UNTIL 30MIN FROM STARTED TANK CLEANING.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 6. PPT. please gather them into empty drum after complete solvent treatment to avoid any pollution. NO 2 11 21 22 54 73 98 100 106 120 121 122 124 127 138 141 142 146 148 150 154 PRODUCT LIST FOR PRECAUTION / SPECIAL CLEAN (O) NAME OF PRODUCT ACETONE BENZENE CAUSTIC POTASH SOLUTION CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION DRILLING FLUID FISH OIL LINSEED OIL LUBRICATING OIL ADDATIVE METHYL METHA CLYLATE (MMA) PALM FATTY ACID OIL PALM SLUDGE OIL PALM SPLIT STERAIN PARAFFIN WAX (=SLACK WAX) PHENOL STYRENE MONOMER TALL OIL TALLOW TUNG OIL UREA AMMONIUM MITRATE SOLUTION VINYL ACETATE MONOMER PARA-XYLENE CORRESPONDED PAGE PRE-STEAMING.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 48 of 56 ★★★★ NOTE ★★★★ 1. . N-Paraffin used as solvent.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01.PRE-B/WORTH (NOTE) If Kerosene. 3 5.CAUSTIC SODA SOLUTION (PRECAUTION) 1.BENZENE - (PRECAUTION) 1. Others. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 49 of 56 (PRECAUTION) ACETONE is very strong penetive cargo for synthetic resin coating. VEKTOR MARITIM TANK CLEANING GUIDE 2.: between 25C 40C. - 11. Freezing point 5. 3. Heating during voy.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Crystallized point 9C (TANK CLEANING) 1.5C 2.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.22 - 22. applied (TANK CLEANING) . So good fanning Due to curing coating film is required after discharging. (TANK CLEANING) 1. SPECIAL CLEANING PROCEDURE - 2. See No. 2.: No need heating unless cargo temp less than 15C preferable temp to be kept 20C. - 21. MARPOL ANNEX 1. - 54. Freezing point 5 8C 3. Must be carry out cold or luke warm F/W as 1st step. Disch temp. as per cleaning procedure list.DRILLING FLUID - (PRECAUTION) 1. At North Sea under winter season.CAUSTIC POTASH SOLUTION - (PRECAUTION) 1. as per cleaning procedure. Others. precleaning as 1st step to be carried out by luke warm sea water. Crystallized point 12 15C 2.ACETONE - August 01. At berth.53 hours. METHANOL B/W or hand washing as condition. Warm – Hot S/W B/W 3h Detergent B/W 2h Rinse (Warm – Hot) 2h TOLUENE Steaming 2h F/W hand washing – if next cargo is sensitive chemicals METHANOL spray and steaming If condition is not satisfied.FISH OIL ( PRECAUTION) 1. Detergent solution should be diluted at slop tank. LINSEED OIL is dry type cargo (IODINE VALUE : 170 190) 2. line flushing and cold S/W B/W 1. Pre cleaning cold S/W B/W 1 hour in port (temp less than 30C) 2. 3. Detergent B/W 2% SOL. 8. 9. Cold S/W B/W 2 hours. Caustic Soda 2% solution B/W by recirculation 2. 6.52 hours in port (temp less than 30C) 3. after get dry certificate from surveyor. 2. so B/W has to be started bottom side as 1st step.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . But solution gathering should be carried out via both manifold. 8. At berth. Slop to be discharge at permitted area as regulation. If not available. 4. 7.5 hour. METHANOL spray and steaming.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Good fanning immediately complete TOLUENE steaming. above and can be repeated. - 98. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 50 of 56 If lot of residues remained KEROSENE B/W required and to be discharge the pre-wash slop to barge or shore facility . .5 2 hours required as soon as possible. 4. 6. 4. 3. 6. 5. B/W pressure should be kept as high possible. of CAUSTIC (or B-2 1%) 2hours. Warm and hot S/W B/W 2 hours. 7. 73. LINSEED OIL - (PRECAUTION) 1. 4. (TANK CLEANING) 1. Rinsing cold S/W B/W 1 hour and warm and hot 2 hours. 3. 2. FISH OIL is dry type cargo. line flushing and cold S/W B/W 1. solution can be made tank itself. Spray of 100 percent of B-2 and keep remain at least 0. 11. F/W washing. 5. 10. B/W machine to be set at cargo ullage level and 3mtrs from bottom. 5. - TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. Slop water should be remained at tank itself. F/W hand washing for sensitive cargo loading. TOLUENE steaming until vanished smell. VEKTOR MARITIM 1. And 2. sus tank) 8. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 51 of 56 Rinsing warm and hot S/W 3 hours. VEKTOR MARITIM 5. 11. 4. Rinsing warm-hot S/W 2 hours. n-Paraffin) 2. 100.METHYL METHA CLYLATE (MMA) see 138 STYRENE MONOMER - 120 PALM FATTY ACID OIL - 121. if required must be carried out as per MARPOL. F/W washing for next cargo vege/animal cargo. 7. - TANK CLEANING GUIDE COM-CT / A/04 August 01. Hot sea water B/W 3 hours. TOLUENE steaming 2 hours and good ventilation for next cargo normal chemicals by this step. KEROSENE or PPT.LUBRICATING OIL ADDATIVE - (PRECAUTION) 1. repeat 1. 6. standards for PNA for discharge of noxious liquid substances. 6. 5. If remained.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . by this step. and pump back to shore: it’s depend on products. 9. - 106.PALM SLUDGE OIL (PRECAUTION) 1. Rinsing warm S/W 1 hour. cargo stain on wall or heating coil. 10. 2. Detergent B/W (pk 818) 2 hours. 7.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Warm S/W B/ W 2 3 hours - - . 10. BASE OIL circulation. 9. METHAOL spray and steaming can be repeated. Others. N-PARAFFIN self circulation B/W via both manifold (must be both manifold. KEROSENE B/W (or PPT. if possible) 2. 3. deslopping to facility 3. F/W washing METHA spray and steaming METHA B/W or hand washing as condition. Product applied ANNEX 1 : it’s depend on products. see below item “B” B. Warm sea water B/W 2 hours. in case of mandatory pre wash 1. 8. F/W B/W or enough F/W H/W in case of sensitive chemicals as next cargo. Warm S/W B/W about 40 60 min. (BASIC TANK CLEANING) A. TOLUENE steaming 3 hours. If remained any residues. phosphoric acid (about 3%) circulation B/W 1 hour (mainly. in case of not required mandatory pre-wash 1. 5 hours.5 hours. 5. Rinsing warm-hot 2 hours. If remained cargo stains PHOSPHORIC ACID (about 3%) B/W 1 hour (mainly sus tank) 9.PALM SPLIT STEARIN - (PRECAUTION) 1. 6. Above 7 and 11 repeat. 11. F/W B/W or ample F/W H/W in case of sensitive chemicals as next cargo. METHANOL spray and steaming.5 hours (mainly sus tank) Rinsing warm – hot S/W 1. 7. (TANK CLEANING) 1. Hot S/W B/W 3 hours. Rinsing warm S/W 1.PARAFFIN WAX (SLACK WAX) - (TANK CLEANING) 1. Warm S/W B/W 2 hours. PPT. Hot S/W B/W 4 hours with steam on heating coils.5 hours. 3. 4. 10. 8.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Detergent B/W 2 hours. Rinsing warm – hot 1. - TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. . 4. can be omitted) 8. n-PARAFFIN) B/W 1. Rinsing warm – hot 1.5 hours. 3. repeat above 7 and 11. If remained lots of residue. Hot F/W B/W or warm F/W H/W in case of next cargo sensitive chemical. VEKTOR MARITIM 2. 12.5 hours.hot S/W 1. 11. Loading discharging via overtop loading and pump stack (MOLASSES flange) is recommended. 6. Detergent B/W 1. 6. TOLUENE steaming 2 hours. PHOSPHORIC ACID B/W (about 3%) 1.5 hours. n-Paraffin) B/W via both manifold 3 hours. If remained lots of any residues . or TRICHLOROETHYLENE) 4. F/W B/W or ample F/W H/W in case of sensitive chemicals as next cargo. Tank and line steaming 3 hour as soon as possible circumstances permitted. 2. 7. repeat above 2 and 3. Rinsing warm – hot S/W 2 hours. TOLUENE steaming 2 3 hours (in case of next cargo vege/animal oil. TOLUENE steaming 3 hours (in case of next cargo vege/animal can be omitted) If remained lot of cargo stains. Rinsing 1. METHANOL spray and steaming can be repeated.5 hours. 2. 5.5 hours. 10. 9. 12. - 124. 3. 122. Detergent B/W (with CHLORONATE solvent) 2 hours (per CHLOROEHTYLENE : pce. KEROSENE (or PPT. Condition not satisfied. 5. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 52 of 56 KEROSENE (or. Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . SM is very easy to polymerizing with heat 2. Tank and line steaming as above “Precaution” 1 2 hours 2. - 138.STYRENE MONOMER - (PRECAUTION) 1.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Rinsing cold – warm S/W 2 hours. 2. in case of different grade as next cargo 1. 5. Good gas free and F/W washing in case of sensitive chemicals as next cargo 5. During voyage if it showing hot air temp. 5. Detergent B/W 2 hours with cold S/W. 6. After sailing. (TANK CLEANING) A.line Air blowing line at pump stack Vent line. cold S/W B/W of 2mtrs step from upper deck should be done with 5kg/cm3 of pressure for 0. Line steaming 3 hours (But can be repeated until ordour varnished) . Hot S/W B/W 3 hours. Also do not forget to steaming following : Drain Lines ( manifold) Drain Lines of cargo line Filling line E. (Breather valve should be checked and drains out) Other all pocket part 2.PHENOL - (PRECAUTION) 1. or sunshine apply sprinkler with G. As soon as the cargo has been discharged cold S/W flushing for cargo line from both manifold and vent line from top should be carried out. and vent pipe flushing with cold S/W at berth. TOLUENE steaming 3 hours. Steaming to be carried out as soon as possible after discharging 2 hours. Cargo Line. METHANOL spray and steaming can be repeated. 3. - TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01.5 1 hour at berth. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 53 of 56 METHANOL spray and steaming can be repeated. (TANK CLEANING) 1.S. VEKTOR MARITIM 7. cold S/W B/W 6 hours min. Do not shift slop water to other tank.S. 4. Freezing point is 41C 3. 3. All working for PHENOL tank and lines to be carried out under surely equipped man protection wear.S pump and vent pipe has to be lagged with wet cotton rags. 127. with pressure 5 6kg/cm3 Vent line should be cleaned occasionally during B/W 4. leave it at tank itself. Pre-cleaning 3mtrs step from upper deck for 0. 3. Also for tank. 4.5 1 hour. Line steaming 3 hours (or can be repeated until ordour varnished) 5. METHANOL spray and steaming can be repeated. and vent pipe flushing with cold S/W at berth. 8.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . VEKTOR MARITIM 7.5 1 hour at berth. cold S/W B/W 6 hours min. In case of same grade 1.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. Cargo line. Pre-cleaning 3 mtrs step from upper deck for 0. 2. Good ventilation is required as early as possible in case next cargo is sensitive cargo. with pressure 56kg/cm3 Ventiline should be cleaned occasionally during B/W 4. METHANOL spray and line circulation. After sailing. 3. 9. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 54 of 56 Good ventilation is required as early as possible in case of next cargo is sensitive cargo. B. . neutrized base (PK818) is better than ALKALI base (PK842). At this step pressure to be kept as high as possible (about 9kg/cm2) 4. - 142. Line flushing and luke warm B/W 1 hour at berth. TALL OIL was grade down from category A to B. 6. Warm F/W washing for loading veg and animal 5. shore supply about 20mt of TALL OIL FATTY ACID (TOFA) had been supplied for close circulation B/W. B-2 spray. VEKTOR MARITIM - 141. TUNG OIL is dry type oil (Iodine valve 166) and sticky cargo for industrial Use.5 hours. warm S/W B/W (50 55C) 1 hour.30C) B/W 2 hours.TALL OIL TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. line flushing and pre-B/W of tank is required as usual dry type cargo. especially ullage level at berth if circumstance permitted. and keep it until sailing. especially ullage level is required. it is not required.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. - 146. mixed solution with neutralized det 50% and ALKALI det 50% is much better than pure neutralized or ALKALI det. . 2. First half 4045. METHANOL spray and steaming and can be repeated for sensitive chemicals. Warm F/W washing for load chemicals and cpp 7. Also. B-2 spray. (TANK CLEANING) 1.TUNG OIL - (PRECAUTION) 1. Hot S/W B/W 3 –4 hours. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 55 of 56 - (PRECAUTION) 1. 2. whole wall of tank. 2. When mandatory pre-wash applied.5 hours. 2. As detergent for TALLOW.TALLOW - (PRECAUTION) 1. For your reference. TOLUENE steaming 2 hour x 2 times. Rinsing with warm and hot 3 hours. nowadays. with circulation system temp. Detergent B/W 2 – 2. 3. Luke warm (20 . so B/W should be started with more than 60C of water temp. (TANK CLEANING) See LUB OIL ADDATIVE cleaning “B” But as detergent. 3. 2. TALLOW is different with palm oil. Detergent B/W with warm (45 50C) 2 – 2. At berth. 3. (TANK CLEANING) 1. TALL OIL is category “B” substance. 4. 3. Detergent. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 56 of 56 last half time 6075C.) Rinsing. 5. 6. 8. 148.VINYL ACETATE MONOMER see 138. and start tank cleaning according to cleaning chart. - - BENZENE PENETRATING CARGO () For avoiding coating damage. F/W washing to load veg/animal oil 4. - 2. the cargo tank should be carried out tank curing work with ventilating for over 24 hours as soon as the cargo has been discharged. 7. can be repeated to load sensitive chemicals as next cargoes.PARA-XYLENE see 11. METHANOL steaming to load chemicals. Solubility in water of UAN is complete. Hot S/W B/W 2 hours and good fanning. 2.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 2.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/04 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Cold S/W B/W 2 hours. animal oil TOLUENE steaming 2 hours and immediate fanning to remove strong odour. VEKTOR MARITIM 5. F/W washing for next cargo is Veg.UREA AMMONIUM NITRATE SOLUTION - (PRECAUTION) 1. and can be repeated. METHAOL spray and steaming can be repeated for loading sensitive chemicals. - TANK CLEANING GUIDE August 01. - 150. METHANOL spray and steaming. warm and hot 3 hours. pk842. pk100 are not so effective.5pct) Caustic Soda sol (23 pct) (Note : B4. F/W washing for next cargo chemicals and cpp. STYRENE MONOMER 154. Solvent for UAN is alcohol only (TANK CLEANING) 1. pk818. B2 (11. and then after confirmed that the hardness of tank coating has been recovered satisfactory. . 9. the US system of classification according to composition is internationally used. but the fact should be taken into account that chemical affection of mild steel cannot be prevented entirely. all coatings are permeable to a certain extent. Thus.08 -- 304L 18-20 8-12 -- 0. This implies that the resistance to corrosion is much better in oxidizing than under reducing circumstances. The stainless steels used in chemical tankers are of the austenitic type. the iron will remain in its austenitic form ( . The majority of chemicals carried by sea can be transported in mild steel tanks.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.08 -- 316 L 16-18 10-14 2-3 0.03 -- 317 18-20 11-15 3-4 0. Stainless steel is also recommended to ensure quality of high purity products. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 1 of 9 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . In order to distinguish the various grades of stainless steel. As a result. which forms an oxide layer on the surface of the metal. which involves aqueous nitric acid solutions. After this initial treatment. chromium is oxidized and forms a thin layer of chromium oxide.08 -- 317L 18-20 11-15 3-4 0. Cargoes.5 -- 0.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/05 August 01. This type has a wide range of compatibility with chemicals. is called passivation. AISI Type Cr Ni Mo C Ti 304 18-20 8-10. Coatings applied to the tank surface may reduce some of the problem. nickel and molybdenum as major alloying elements. VEKTOR MARITIM A/05: CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER Corrosion taking place in chemical tankers is of the electrochemical type.03 -- 308 19-21 10-12 -- 0. The iron is alloyed in such a way that the critical transformation temperature is lowered below room temperature. require special materials for cargo system. This process. which are corrosive to mild steel. Stainless steel is high alloy steel with chromium.03 -- .08 -- 316 16-18 10-14 2-3 0. which is a particular form of the crystalline structure of the metal. cargoes that are aggressive to mild steel should be carried in stainless steel tanks.iron) rather than transforming to ferrite (α – iron) as it cools to room temperature. Stainless steel acquires its quality of resistance to corrosion after treatment with an oxidizing material. this layer is maintained by exposure to atmosphere and to aqueous solution. Since the areas involved are usually small. it acquired its resistance to corrosion after a passive film has been formed on the material. The effect is breakdown of the passive film. this is not exactly true. Pitting If the passive film breaks down in a particular place. Where access to oxygen is hindered.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Although stainless steel is frequently referred to as being resistant to corrosion. Crevice corrosion This type of corrosion appears in narrow crevices which may be formed under deposits. pitting may cause considerable damage. under bolted connections etc. or when carrying heated cargoes containing chlorides such as crude phosphoric acid. eventually resulting in perforation of a tank. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS 321 17-19 9-12 -- 0. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 2 of 9 0-4 Addition of molybdenum improves the resistance to pitting. as from seawater. and which require a high standard of cleanliness. as the thickness of the material is usually 3mm. 321 and 304L) can only be used in combination with mildly corrosive cargoes of which odour or taste have to be preserved. Type 316L is the most suitable and widely used stainless steel. This may happen when heating coils of a tank carrying seawater have accidentally been left on. General corrosion is considered the least harmful type of corrosion. A galvanic cell is built between the bulk solution and the solution in the crevice. compared to the whole tank area. such as seawater and at elevated temperature. Stainless steel cladding is particularly vulnerable to pitting. Stainless steel without molybdenum (304. Type 317L has a higher molybdenum content. which is anodic to surrounding material. can induce serious pitting.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/05 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . . in certain corrosive media. Stress corrosion This type of corrosion takes place where stresses are present in the steel. as the effect on the final thickness of the material is marginal and mostly predictable. The presence of chloride-ions in the solution. which makes it suitable for use in high chloride environment. the passive film may breakdown and expose the metal. As already explained. this part of the steel is exposed. The corrosion is uniform over the whole surface of the exposed steel. to corrosion. It retains its reaction by exposure to oxygen. TYPES OF CORROSION General Corrosion This is the most common form of attack and occurs when the passive film breaks down due to attack of an electrolyte (which may be a chemical cargo). resulting in corrosion.08 August 01. being compatible with a wide range of products. which isolates the material underneath. continue rinsing with FW. adhering oxide film in all oxidizing media. but fine. Where stresses are present in the steel. these micro anodes will be concentrated. If the oxide film is damaged by chemical or mechanical action under such circumstances that it cannot be restored. the steel spontaneously forms a dense. e.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The steel is then at an active stage and will be dissolved continuously. If however. contaminated with iron or has welding oxide residues or welding slogs. destroy the passive film and form micro anodes. then wait for 3-4hrs. Passivation of stainless steel tanks One of the advantages of stainless as a construction material for chemical tankers is their ability to form and restore a protective oxide layer. the formation of the protective film is impeded with increased risk of corrosion. Composition: Do not exceed a maximum of Hydrofluoric Acid 5% and Nitric Acid 20%. until a pH value of 7 is obtained. the surface is dirty. corrosion can occur locally on these damaged areas. . chloride-ions penetrate. hardly visible cracks penetrate the materials. if brown or green disclouration is observed. in air. Check the pH of the discharge and if not neutral (pH7). is due to the presence of Chromium in the steel. resulting in the formation of primary cracks. The first step in this corrosion process is similar to pitting. Nitric Acid 68% 2. Passivation Solution: 1. while the surrounding metal remains intact. passivation with Nitric Acid should suffice. Hydro Fluoric Acid 55% Hydrofluoric acid attacks the stainless steel and hence it should be used only when discolouration (Black with Scales) is observed in cargo tanks and heating coils are black in colour with rust/pitting. Thereafter rinse the area with copious amounts of Fresh Water. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 3 of 9 The major parts of the steel surface remain intact. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS COM-CT / A/05 August 01.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. When the Chromium content is above 12%. known as passivation. When only small parts of the tank are dissolved apply Vecom L-600 or Pikasol by paint brush. Following examples of Passivation procedures depending upon the cubic capacity of the tank: Case 1: Tank Cubic Capacity: 350 to 500 M ³. This ability.g. In reducing acid solution the steel may not be able to form a protective oxide film. water and water solution. such residues to be washed by copious amounts of fresh water. 3. On completion wait for 12 – 24 hrs (if atmospheric temperatures 25 Deg C and above) and 30-48 hrs (if atmospheric temperatures lesser than above). (Cleaning of B/W hole cover to be carried out at 3M. VEKTOR MARITIM F/Water Nitric Acid Hydrofluoric Acid Total CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS COM-CT / A/05 August 01. When gas free. 10. Case 2: Tank Cubic capacity: 1000 – 1500 M ³. 9.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Transfer the liquid to the next tank to be passivated.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 2. Add 150 ltrs Nitric acid and 20 ltrs Hydrofloric acid and carry out step 2. Carry out step 1 as above. On completion transfer the liquid to next tank and repeat step 3 & 4. Add 120 Ltrs Nitric acid and then continue washing at 5M / 7M and 9M (or 4/6/ and 8M). F/Water Nitric Acid Hydrofloric Acid Total Percentage Contents (L) 68 % 55 % 1500 441 136 Individual Compositions Water (Litres) Acid Vol (Litres) 1500 (441-300) = 141 L 441 x 68/100= 300 L (136 – 75 ) = 61 L 136 x 55/100 = 75 L 2078 1703 375 L . 5. saddle to be removed for same). Ventilate the tank. one hour wash at each stage. add 150 ltrs Nitric acid and 20 ltrs Hydrofloric acid. 7. 8. FW butterworth for about 1 hr or until pH value 7. 6. 1. The stages of B/W machines to be 1M / 2M and 3M. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 4 of 9 Percentage Contents (L) 68 % 55 % 800 235 73 Individual Compositions Water (Liters) Acid Vol (Liters) 800 (235-160) = 75 L 235 x 68/100= 160 L (73 – 40 ) = 33 L 73 x 55/100 = 40 L 1108 908 200 L The above solution to be prepared in the tank and thereafter Butterworth the tank using the special stainless steel B/W hoses provided for this purpose. washing to be carried out at each stage for 1 hour. enter the tanks and check for any acidic residues behind pump stacks / pipelines / under heating coils etc. On completion transfer the liquid to next tank and repeat step 3 & 4 Note: 1. 8.3 days. add 250 ltrs Nitric acid and 60 ltrs Hydrofluoric acid. . 6. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 5 of 9 1. The stages of B/W machines to be 1M / 2M and 3M. 7. 3. (Cleaning of B/W hole cover to be carried out at 3M . After passivation the cargo tank is to be kept dry for 2 . saddle to be removed for same). the machines to be continuously monitored for correct operation. Crew involved must be attired in Chemical Suits. Ventilate the tank. such residues to be washed by copious amounts of fresh water. During passivation. Transfer the liquid to the next tank to be passivated. 2. 4. washing time for each stage will be dependent on above. Add 200 Ltrs Nitric acid and then continue washing at 5M / 7M and 9M (or 4/6/ and 8M). 4. washing to be carried out at each stage for 1 hour.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 9. 3. one hour wash at each stage. Add 200 ltrs Nitric acid and 40 ltrs Hydrofluoric acid and carry out step 2. and it is imperative that the cargo tank to be passivated should be properly inspected and condition assessed.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/05 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Special precautions whilst passivating tanks 1. FW butterworth for about 1 hr or until pH value 7. 2. On completion wait for 12 – 24 hrs (if atmospheric temperatures 25 Deg C and above) and 30-48 hrs (if atmospheric temperatures lesser than above). The stages of the machines. the machines to be replaced immediately. Carry out step 1 as above. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS August 01. Water should be left running on the surrounding deck throughout the passivation 3. enter the tanks and check for any acidic residues behind pump stacks / pipelines / under heating coils etc. Check the cargo tank condition with a passivation meter. Avoid Passivation if the last cargo was Veg oil or Lube oil. The time mentioned above is for guidance only. When gas free. 5. if not turning. 2. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS 4. passivation to be carried out after discharge of acid cargoes. 6. COM-CT / A/05 August 01.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . As far as possible. Do not use heat or sea water during passivation.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. 5. The butterworth hole is to be covered with canvas. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 6 of 9 . Passivate again 87 90 88 90 93 86 95 86 93 95 83 93 90 95 90 88 85 89 . M/T: Report No.: Indicate passivation checkpoint and readings by Test Meter. No. Tank No.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.Good Passivation < 60 --. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 7 of 9 CARGO TANK PASSIVATION REPORT We herewith report the following in accordance with the Maintenance & Reporting Manual. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS COM-CT / A/05 August 01.: Date: Ch/Off: Voy.: 85 80 78 Remarks: Results of Passivation test > 60 --.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . At higher temperatures and concentrations. however.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. In the range 30% to 70% the acid is non-oxidizing and attacks stainless steel rapidly. However. such as oxygen. The remaining will. particularly at elevated temperatures. which is largely filtered out before shipping. . This may be prevented by agitation. Prolonged contact with static seawater should be minimized. Chlorides continuously attack the chromium oxide layer. and oxygen is excluded. pure nickel is the only alternative. In this respect it should be remembered that when concentrated sulphuric acid is diluted with water. increasing the risk of corrosion by chloride ions in the deposit. The corrosion process then can continue with serious pitting as a result. The general corrosion of austenitic stainless steel is considered to be nil. as it is usually transported. when dirt has covered the surface. but local attack may occur. calcium sulphate is formed. Phosphoric Acid Crude phosphoric acid contains relatively large amounts of fluoride and chloride ions. 316L will be attacked too much and special types should be used. Caustic Soda Stainless steel is suitable for carrying caustic soda solutions in concentrations up to 50% and 65ºC. to keep the calcium sulphate in suspension. Nitric Acid For concentrations between 65% ands 75% at ambient temperature. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 8 of 9 Specific Cargoes and Stainless Steel Sulphuric Acid Concentrated sulphuric acid (concentration over 80%) at ambient temperature is neither corrosive to stainless steel nor mild steel. where elevated temperatures are required to maintain the liquid state of the product. an exothermic reaction results and the temperature rapidly increases. During processing. settle out during storage or transport. 316L. With sufficient oxidizing compounds present. stainless steel is satisfactory. chlorides will attack the oxide layer underneath. which are corrosive. At higher concentrations.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The same holds for concentration below 10%. the damage will be repaired immediately by the formation of an oxide layer. Chlorides Seawater is corrosive to stainless steel because of the presence of chloride ions. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS COM-CT / A/05 August 01. following actions can be taken to minimize the risk of corrosion. General For corrosive cargoes 316 and 316L are the common steel types. In this case molybdenum bearing grades should be used to minimize the risk of pitting. VEKTOR MARITIM CORROSION IN CHEMICAL TANKER AND CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL TANKS COM-CT / A/05 August 01. Remove all deposits before filling the empty tanks with seawater. even in the presence of chlorides. Fill tanks to the top and keep them as cool as possible. since they offer a relatively high resistance to organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid. Use cargo agitation system to keep water flowing Never use heating coils Empty as soon as condition allow Clean tanks and line system thoroughly with fresh water immediately after disposal of seawater N.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Vektor Maritim to be informed before putting sea water into SUS Tanks.B. . Most Chlorinated hydrocarbons are not corrosive. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 9 of 9 When carrying seawater as ballast. to be used only in dire emergency.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. except in the presence of water. Ballasting of SUS Tanks with SW is to be avoided as far as possible. Ensure that scuppers have been plugged/closed and that they have been checked for tightness. polymerizing. etc. 13. Preload/discharge meeting to be had with terminal reps and loading/discharge procedures to be agreed upon and put down on paper. nitrogen blanket is required. . If the cargoes are toxic. 3. Prepare cargo operation plan. 9. Specific instructions for topping up with ullages to be given. Ensure that tank atmospheres have been checked and that entry permits have been prepared for it. 2. 12. Prepare vessel for arrival in port in accordance with pre-arrival checklist and ensure that it is filled out. 8. 6. Prepare report of last three cargoes and cleaning carried out. Prepare stowage plan and stability calculations including SF/BM. 4. Ensure that decks are free of oil/grease and well illuminated. VEKTOR MARITIM A/06: Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Flags to be placed at manifold prior berthing to facilitate positioning of vessel during berthing. Ensure that placards are placed to indicate cargo at manifold and at oil tight hatch. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 1 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS CHIEF OFFICER: In charge of all port operations: 1. 10.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 5. Hard copy to be filed. 11. well illuminated and free of grease. Ensure that all cargo tanks are ready for loading the designated cargo and that same has been checked by wall wash tests.Issued by: DMR PT. 7. Prepare and post manifold plan. which also includes ballasting/deballasting plan and same to be signed / understood by all deck officers and crew. Ensure that mooring is in order and that gangway is properly rigged. precautions for these must be discussed with all the crew and officers in the pre arrival meeting. 25. . 29. 18. ensure that no one is in the cargo tanks. Ensure that fire wires have been rigged at the time of embarking pilot. Ensure that vapour return line if required has been properly set and that vent lines and p/v valves are clear.Issued by: DMR PT. Ensure that all accommodation doors have been shut including watertight doors but only one dog to be fastened. 23. 20. 15. 22. 16. 27. In addition when men are at work in tanks ensure that notice “men at work in tank” is posted at oil tight hatch. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Ensure that ullage sheet/dry tank certificate as appropriate has been filled out and signed by all concerned prior commencing cargo operations. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 2 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 14.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 26. set in proper position and in good order. Ensure that pump room fan is running in exhaust mode and that pump room bilges are clean and dry and that pump room is gas free at all times. 30. All vents to be shut prior berthing. Ensure that cargo lines/valves and manifold arrangement have been properly set for the operation in question and all valve operations are double checked. Prior permitting connection of manifold. 17. Ensure that derricks are rigged on appropriate side prior berthing in order to facilitate handling of stores/provisions. Ensure that pump room and pumps are in good order on starting cargo operations and regular checks are made to ensure it. Only offshore side door to be kept open. 24. During wall wash test ensure that proper tank entry procedures are followed. Gangway/pilot ladder to be rigged on offshore side to serve as emergency escape route. During cargo operations ensure that ullages of all tank are monitored and that loading/discharge rate is calculated and logged hourly along with manifold pressure. Ensure that vessel is securely moored at all times. Smoking rooms (2 nos) to be designated and clearly marked. Tender notice of readiness form to shippers/receivers of their authorized representative and obtain their signature. Ensure that air-conditioning has been put on re-circulation mode. Ensure that radars have been switched off. 19. 28. 21. 9. Check that decks are free of oil/grease and well illuminated. set in proper position and in good order. 37. 3. well illuminated and free of grease.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 2. Check that pump room and pumps are in good order on starting cargo operations and regular checks are made to ensure it. 10. 5. 36. DUTY OFFICER: 1. Attend to moorings so that vessel is securely moored at all times. These instructions to include time / ullages at which C/O is to be called. Arrange for stores/spares etc to be picked up and stowed. 8. 34. 7. Ensure that vessel is adequately manned at all times. Check that placards are placed to indicate cargo at manifold and at oil tight hatch. Chief officer’s instructions for the port to be signed by duty officers and cadets. 33. Check that moorings are in order and that gangway is properly rigged. 35. Thoroughly understand the cargo operation plan and set cargo lines/valves and connect up manifold in accordance with the plan. Ensure that company and port/local regulations are complied with. Check that vapour return line if required has been properly set and that vent lines and p/v valves are clear. 32. 4. Shore leave is permitted only after permit issued by the master. Check that all scuppers have been plugged/closed and that they are watertight. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Check that pump room fan is running in exhaust mode and that pump room bilges are clean and dry and that pump room is gas free at all times. ensure that no ones is in the cargo tanks. Regular check to be made to ensure that all is in order on deck pump room and over side. Ensure that gangway watch is maintained at all times and that no unauthorized persons are permitted onboard. Ensure that garbage is stowed in accordance with vessel’s waste management plan and if required disposed to proper shore facility and certificate obtained. 6.Issued by: DMR PT. Prior connection of manifold. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 3 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 31. . 17. 12. Ensure that company and port/local regulations are complied with. 5. Assist in manifold connections and ensure connections made as per the plan. 4. b. 15. Hourly rate to be worked out and logged down along with manifold pressure. CADET: Duties to be carried out as per the watchkeeping schedule for the port. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Stations. Always carry the shore walkie talkie. etc. 18. In addition when men are at work in tanks ensure that notice “men at work in tank” is posted at oil tight hatch. OS. 16. hose shifting. During wall wash test ensure that proper tank entry procedures are followed.Issued by: DMR PT. TEAM IN CHARGE: 1. In case of slightest traces of LO. BOSUN. Connecting/disconnecting hoses. 6. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 4 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 11. in advance prior to: a. Drain off deck water – controlled opening of scuppers. AB. Assist duty officer in setting the valves. steam for line blowing or steaming tanks. Ensure that gangway watch is maintained at all times and that no unauthorized persons are permitted on board. Check that all is in order in pump room and that purging of pump cofferdams has been done. Give Team Leader 1 hour advance notice prior completion to call extra hands for station. Chief officer may change the duties of the crew members as required by the circumstance. Give engine room adequate notice for deck air.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 2. . 14. 3. All events/timings to be logged down in port log and charterers time sheet to be filled out. 13. Deck air / steam to be ready in adequate time for line blowing / steaming of tanks. During cargo operations ullages of all tanks are to be taken and recorded. Ensure that extra hands required are on stand by at least 30 min. use wilden pump and store in drums. etc. hose disconnection. at the manifold. drain valves and pump stack valves shut. 13. Set up vapour line / vent line in accordance with plan. 8. Ensure all butterworth pockets closed. 8. 7. Keep a check on manifold pressure and hoses as well as sharp watch on pipelines for any leaks. Check all lines to be used in the port for leaks using air and soap solution. 3. SAFETY IN CHARGE: 1. Keep air hose / steam hoses / FW hoses ready as required. Rig and check fire wires fwd and aft prior embarkation of pilot. 12. Placards to be placed at manifold and at oil tight hatches of cargo tanks to indicate which cargo is to be loaded in addition flag to be placed at manifold to facilitate positioning of vessel during berthing.Issued by: DMR PT. Keep regular watch on hydraulic tank of deep well pump system and in pump room. Assist with connection of cargo hoses. 6. Check all the blanks (manifold + pump stack) and bolts in place and tightened. Keep all spanners ready at manifold. 10. 11. etc in accordance with plan. Check all manifold. 14. Take cargo tank ullages as advised by duty officer.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 4. reducers. Check all drain valves are shut. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 5 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 7. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Keep manifold and gangway watch. Attend to picking up of stores / provisions. etc. Check all manifolds and lines to be used in port are drained and ready. Confirm P/V valves are operating freely and not kept manually open. caps/plugs as applicable in place and tight. PRE-ARRIVAL / MANIFOLD IN CHARGE 1. Y piece. 5. 9. Set up manifold jumper hoses. etc. 15. . 2. All scuppers to plug and check that they are watertight. 2. Rig up rescue gear such as stretcher. the gangway is to be taken in. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 6 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 2.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 6. One no. Keep a sharp lookout for any leaks from pipelines. SECOND ENGINEER: 1. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 3. 7. and light etc at manifold. 8. 11. . Ensure that accommodation supply blowers are on re-circulation and engine room skylights are shut. 5. Check emergency shower and eyewash – Both must have water running. Take regular rounds on deck to ensure that all is in order on deck and over side and report to duty officer. Ensure that sewage treatment plant is running on auto. Fire plan and shore connection to keep at the gangway. To provide aux engine as required for cargo operations. 10. Rig up gangway including gangway net as soon as vessel is securely moored and upon instruction from duty officer. Fire hoses to connect and keep ready at the manifold 4. harness.Issued by: DMR PT. 9. fire extinguisher to be kept at the manifold. 6. On completion of port operations and upon instruction from duty officer. To provide windlass and winch power at all times. Ensure that deck air is always on in order that gangway and other port operations are not affected. 9. SCBA set. Ensure that all bunker and air vent containment tray plugs are in place and trays are dry. 8. 4. Rig up spill clean up gear such as wilden pumps/absorbent pads. 5. Prepare vessel for arrival in port in accordance with pre-arrival checklist and ensure that it is filled out. Ensure that no hot work is being carried out in port. 3. 7. Ensure engine room bilge overboard v/v is closed shut and locked. To ensure that vessel is adequately manned at all times. 2.O. To monitor Aux. stores etc. To assist with bunkering operations which includes connection of hose. To run fire pump continuously in port in co-ordination with chief officer. No hot work is permitted in port.O. D.O. & H. Tanks during bunkering.O. To take soundings of all F. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 7 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 10.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. Tanks are topped up and their temperatures are maintained. 3. To assist with stores/spares pick up and stowage. 11.O. 3. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . 14. To fill up all log books and sounding books including cargo p/p operation log.O. Boiler. To set all lines for F. To monitor all machinery in the engine room. To provide assistance for handling/picking up of provisions. 6. Welding plant to be switched off. soundings and clean up. & L. 13. 2. FITTER: 1. 15.O. To keep all oily rags and waste in proper receptacle. 12. and L. . D.. 5. To stow gas and welding equipment prior arrival port and ensure that gas bottles valves are shut and the pipelines are emptied of gas. bunkers as instructed by C/E.O. To provide steam on deck as required by chief officer. 4. To assist with manifold connections during bunkering. THIRD ENGINEER: 1. 4. 2. To take sounding and check pipelines for leakages. To ensure that no hot work is carried out in engine room. To ensure that D. MOTORMEN: 1. Serv to sett.Issued by: DMR PT. To ensure that no unauthorized persons enter the engine room.. CCR. 3. To ensure galley and galley exhaust line filter is maintained clean.Issued by: DMR PT. 4. To assist chief officer as required. 3. To assist with stores/spares pick up and stowage. 6. To ensure that all public toilets are kept clean. To ensure that no naked lights/loose wires are present. ELECTRICAL OFFICER: 1. 2. 5. CHIEF COOK: 1. 2. 4. 3. VEKTOR MARITIM Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/06 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . To connect communication equipment at bunker station. To assist with stores/provisions pick up and stowage under the supervision of bosun. Refer to company SMS manual for other details regarding ship staff duties . To put accommodation blowers on re-circulation. 2. To assist with pick up/stowage of provisions and stores. STEWARD: 1. 2012 Rev/Issue: 00/01 Page 8 of 8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SHIP STAFF DURING PORT OPERATIONS 3. To assist with pick up/stowage of provisions and stores. To ensure that lighting is adequate at all times. Cargo pump alarms and shut down to be tried out in conjunction with chief officer. To assist duty engineer in engine room. To ensure that ship’s office. officer’s mess and smoke rooms are clean.CHEMICAL TANKERS August 01. 7 Vol% 10 .700 ppm 8 .5.60 ppm 5 .420 ppm 2 .20 ppm 0.95 ppm 32 .25 .3.% 2 .3%/b Carbon Monoxide 10/b Carbon Monoxide 10/d Carbon Monoxide 2/a Carbon Monoxide 5/c Carbon Monoxide 8/a Carbon Pretube Carbon Tetrachloride 0.3 ppm .5%/a Ammonia 2/a Ammonia 5/a Ammonia 5/b Aniline 0.000 ppm 2 .2/a Chlorine 0.% 100 .025/a 100 .15 ppm 5 .1 .000 ppm Qualitative 0.12.3 .5/c (Specific-5 Tests) Benzene 15/a Benzene 2/a (5) 6728071 Benzene 5/b Carbon Dioxide 0.6 Vol.5/a Aniline 5/a Arsine 0.10 ppm 1 .3 ppm 0.000 ppm 25 .5 .1 .10 Vol.3.10 ppm 50 .5%/a Carbon Dioxide 1%/a Carbon Dioxide 100/a Carbon Dioxide 5%/A Carbon Dis ulfide 3/a Carbon Dis ulfide 30/a Carbon Monoxide 0.1.20 Vol.1/a Carbon Tetrachloride 1/a (5) Carbon Tetrachloride 5/c Chlorine 0.50 ppm 0. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 1 of 4 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .30 ppm 0.05 .5 .025 .3.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/07 August 01.5 ppm 1 .30 ppm 5 .800 ppm 6726665 6722101 CH22901 8103381 8101121 6728591 CH29701 8101631 8101061 8101711 CH31901 6733231 CH20501 8101941 6733171 CH20401 CH25001 6728561 8101841 8101741 8101231 6728071 CH23501 CH31401 CH25101 8101811 CH20301 8101891 CH23201 CH29901 CH20601 8103321 6733051 6733051 CH19701 CH19701 CH19701 8101021 CH27401 CH24301 6728411 CH20701 8103491 Qualitative 0.3/b Chlorine 50/a Chlorine Dioxide 0.3.% 3 .2 .200 ppm 0.% 0.80 ppm 100 .5/a Benzene 0.10 Vol.100 ppm 0.5 .10 ppm 15 .500 ppm 0.3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Draeger tube Range Part no.% 1 .150 ppm 0.5/a Alcohol 100/a Alcohol 25/a Amine Test Ammonia 0.5 .000 ppm 40 .000 ppm 10 .3 .10 ppm 0.05 .CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.000 ppm 5 .1%/a Carbon Dioxide 0.5 . Acetaldehyde 100/a Acetic Acid 5/a Acetone 100/b Acetone 40/a (5) Acid Test Acrylonitrile 0. VEKTOR MARITIM A/07: DRAEGER SHORT-TERM DETECTION TUBES DRAEGER SHORT-TERM DETECTION TUBES Range Order Code No.20 ppm 100 .60 Vol.700 ppm 2.05/a Benzene 0.300 ppm 5 .25/a Ammonia 0.000 ppm 5 .5 .60 ppm 0.50 ppm 0. 20 ppm 1 .005/c (9) Dimethyl Sulfide 1/a (5) Epichlorohydrin 5/b Ethyl Acetate 200/a Ethyl Benzene 30/a Ethyl Formate 20/a Ethyl Glycol Acetate 50/a Ethylene 0.000 ppm 0.30 ppm 100 .2.60 ppm 0.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/07 August 01.5 .5/a Hydrogen Fluoride 1.6 ppm 0.5 ppm 50 .3.10 ppm 50 .3.150 ppm Hydrogen 0.150 ppm 0.5.2/a Formaldehyde 2/a Formaldehyde Activation To extend Measuring Formic Acid 1/a Halogenated Hydrocarbons 100/a (8) Hexane 100/a Hydrazine 0.1 .2 Vol.1/a Formaldehyde 0.01/a Hydrazine 0.10 ppm HCl a 2 .1 .25/a Cyclohexane 100/a Cyclohexylamine 2/a Diethyl Ether 100/a Dimethyl Formamide 10/b Dimethyl Sulfate 0.1 .2 .800 ppm 6722701 8101601 50 .2/a Hydrochloric Acid 1/a Hydrochloric Acid 50/a Hydrochloric Acid/Nitric Acid 1/a Hydrocyanic Acid 2/a 2 .500 ppm 2 .2%/a Hydrogen Fluoride 0.2 .1.5/b Hydrogen Peroxide 0.40 ppm 6728761 6728861 6718601 8103421 6718901 6728681 6728791 CH19801 6725201 6728931 6730501 6718501 6718701 6728451 6728111 CH20201 6728381 8103541 6726801 8101331 6728051 8101351 6728961 6728241 8101491 6733081 8101751 8101141 1 .15 ppm 25 .40 ppm 0.25/a Hydrocarbons 0.15 mg/m3 0.1/a Chloroprene 5/a Chromic Acid 0.10 ppm 0.600 ppm 20 .8 Vol.1%/b Hydrocarbons 2 Hydrochloric Acid 0.0.2 ppm 5 .5 . VEKTOR MARITIM 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 DRAEGER SHORT-TERM DETECTION TUBES Chlorobenzene 5/a (5) Chloroform 2/a (5) Chloroformates 0.4.23 mg/l 0.90 ppm 1.1 .700 ppm 0.3 ppm 6728391 6728391 CH31801 CH26101 CH25401 8103481 CH29501 6728181 8101681 CH25701 8101511 8103251 CH30301 8101041 .1/a 5 .2 – 5 ppm 2 .% (Butane 3 .1 .2 .10 ppm 0.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.500 ppm 0.000 ppm 1 .1/a (5) Ethylene 50/a Ethylene Glycol 10 Ethylene Oxide 1/a (5) Ethylene Oxide 25/a Fluorine 0.01 .15 ppm 200 .1/a (9) Cyanide 2/a Cyanogen Chloride 0.5 mg/m3 2 . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 2 of 4 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .25 – 5 ppm 100 .10 ppm 0.500 ppm 10 – 180 mg/m3 1 .000 ppm 30 .15 ppm 5 .2 .05 ppm 1 .1 .15 ppm 0.2.0.2/b Chloropicrin 0.0.000 ppm 10 .200 ppm 2 .2 ppm 0.% 0.005 .50 ppm 200 .500 ppm 50 . 000 ppm 10 – 200 ppm 10 – 250 ppm 50 – 400 ppm Qualitative 0.2/a Methyl Bromide 0.1 .05 .2.2. arsenic/m3 CH28101 8101461 8101991 6728041 8101831 CH29101 8101211 6728821 8101961 CH29801 8103521 8103281 6728981 8101871 CH23101 6728161 8103391 8101671 6728211 CH27301 6724601 6723301 6733141 CH27601 CH20001 CH19501 6728311 CH30001 6719101 CH29401 CH27701 CH31001 6724001 8101921 6728371 6733031 CH31201 CH26303 1 mg/m3 CH25903 5 .8 ppm 0.5/a Nitrous Gases 100/c Nitrous Gases 2/a Nitrous Gases 20/a Nitrous Gases 50/a Oil 10/a-P Oil Mist 1/a Olefins 0.7 Vol.% 2 .% 0.5 ppm 0.2.5/a Hydrogen Sulfide 1/d Hydrogen Sulfide 100/a Hydrogen Sulfide 2%/a Hydrogen Sulfide 2/a Hydrogen Sulfide 2/b Hydrogen Sulfide 5/b Iodine 0.200 ppm 0.30 ppm 3 .500 ppm 50 .2%/A Hydrogen Sulfide 0.40 Vol.2/a Hydrogen Sulfide 0.4 ppm 8103261 6733181 10 .6 ppm 0.% 3 mg org.1/b Methyl Acrylate 5/a Methyl Bromide 0.2 mg/m3 5 .2 .5 ppm 0.2 .% 0.5 .5/a Methyl Bromide 3/a Methyl Bromide 5/b Methylene Chloride 100/a Monostyrene 10/a Monostyrene 10/b Monostyrene 50/a Natural Gas Test (5) Nickel Tetracarbonyl 0.5 .5/c Nitrogen Dioxide 2/c Nitrous Gases 0.1/a (9) Nitric Acid 1/a Nitrogen Dioxide 0.50 ppm 100 .5 ppm 20 .1. Butylene) Organic Arsenic Compounds & Arsine Organic Basic Nitrogen Compounds Oxygen 5%/C Ozone 0.000 ppm 0.5. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 3 of 4 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .100 ppm 20 .5 .200 ppm 100 .10 mg/m3 1 .50 ppm 0.1 .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/07 August 01.5 .23 Vol. VEKTOR MARITIM 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 DRAEGER SHORT-TERM DETECTION TUBES Hydrogen Sulfide 0.200 ppm 1 .10 mg/m3 0.25 ppm 2 .% .06 .4 Vol.05 .04 .2 .100 ppm 5 .300 ppm CH21001 .05%/a (Propylene.100 ppm 0.000 ppm 2 . 0.15 ppm 0.600 ppm 0.60 ppm 5 .1/a Mercaptan 0.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.5/a Mercaptan 20/a Mercury 0.1/a Mercaptan 0.3.5 .100 ppm 0.05/b 129 Ozone10/a 0.15 ppm 1 .2 .000 ppm a 2 .1 .2 Vol.2.1 .1 ppm 1 .2/b Hydrogen Sulfide 0.10 ppm 100 . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 4 of 4 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL .1 .1 mg/l 1 .15 ppm 25 .0.500 ppm 1 .60 ppm 0.400 ppm 0.1 .10.000 ppm 1 .1.5 mg/m3 1 .1.000 ppm 1 .3.250 ppm 50 .1 Water Vapor 0.300 ppm 10 .02 .500 ppm 2 .05 .40 mg/l 3 .1/a Phosphine 0.25/c Phosphine 0.1.1 ppm 0.500 ppm 0.400 ppm 6724701 8101551 CH30701 8101501 8101691 6730201 8101641 8101521 CH28301 8101611 CH31101 8103341 8101621 CH21201 6728461 6728461 6728651 CH25301 6727101 6728491 CH31701 CH24201 8101531 6728781 8103471 8101341 CH25803 8101731 8101661 8101701 6724501 CH21101 6728541 8101881 6718401 8101721 6728031 CH19601 CH23401 8101321 8101781 8103031 6733161 .60 lbs/mmcf 10 .1/a Perchloroethylene 10/b Perchloroethylene 2/a Petroleum Hydroc arbons 10/a Petroleum Hydroc arbons 100/a Phenol 1/b Phosgene 0.5 ppm 1 .0 ppm 0.8.5/a Sulfur Dioxide 1/a Sulfur Dioxide 20/a Sulfur Dioxide 50/b Sulfuric Acid 1/a (9) Sulfuryl Fluoride 1/a (5) Tetrahydrothiophene 1/b (5) Thioether Toluene 100/a Toluene 5/b Toluene 50/a Toluene Diisocyanate 0.15 ppm 0.50 ppm 100 .5 .01/a Phosphine 0.02 .000 ppm 5 .25 .1 .600 ppm 2 .4 ppm 0.2.000 ppm 0.300 ppm 50 .25 ppm 1 .02/A (9) Trichloroethane 50/d (5) Trichloroethylene 2/a Trichloroethylene 50/a Triethylamine 5/a Vinyl Chloride 0.30 ppm 1 .1 .5 .20 ppm 0.1/a Sulfur Dioxide 0.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.40 mg/l 0.000 ppm 50 .1/b (in acetylene) Phosphine 25/A Phosphine 50/a Phosphoric Acid Esters 0.05/a 0.300 ppm 100 .Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/07 August 01.10 ppm 1 mg/m3 100 .1.01 .800 pm 5 .05/a Polytest Pyridine 5/A Smoke Tube Sulfur Dioxide 0.4 ppm 10 .05 ppm Qualitative 5 ppm 0.25 ppm 20 .2.2.2 ppm 50 .000 ppm 15 .3 ppm 0. VEKTOR MARITIM 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 DRAEGER SHORT-TERM DETECTION TUBES Pentane 100/a Perchloroethylene 0.5/b Vinyl Chloride 1/a Vinyl Chloride 100/a Water Vapor 0.1/a Water Vapor 1/b Water Vapor 3/a Xylene 10/a 100 .02/a Phosgene 0. Test is carried out after the tank is cleaned as per the charterer’s instructions and requisite steaming is completed and tanks drained and dried.T. which procedure to be followed.02% Potassium Permanganate standard solution Black board White board Nessler tube stand Pure wall wash test methanol Methanol dispenser Sample bottles Permanent markers Glass chalet for NVM test 1 box/ 100pcs 500 Ml 1box 2 bottle 5 Ml 500 ml 1 box 100 pcs 3 2 bottle 1 2 1 6 each 24 6 1 bottle 1 Plastic 100 ml and 50 ml 2.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/08 August 01. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 1 of 9 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Colour Test Chloride Test Hydrocarbon Test Permanganate Time Test (P. 2.5 liters 250 ml 12 inches x 6 inches 12 inches x 6 inches 1 liter bottles 1 liter 500 ml 100 ml 1 24 2 6 2 1 . The wall wash sample is analyzed for the following: 1. This involves spraying a highly active solvent (usually Methanol) against a segment of the tank surface cleaned. 5. 3. the liquid is collected and analyzed with different methods. VEKTOR MARITIM A/08: WALL WASH TEST WALL WASH TEST The wall wash test is done to determine the state of cleanliness of the cargo tanks and is the final stage of tank cleaning operation for Verification of Results. folded Funnel glass Half cut funnel Graduated Nessler tubes Disposable gloves Distilled water 0.T) Non-Volatile Matters Test (NVM Test) On the basis of the wall wash test result it is decided whether further cleaning is required and if so. Wall Wash Test Kit The chemical tankers engaged in carriage of wall wash test cargoes shall carry the following minimum wall wash test equipment at all times Item Unit Quantity pH papers in range 0-14 2% Silver nitrate solution (AGNO3) 20% Nitric acid (HNO3) Pipette Chloride standard solution (10 PPM) Filter papers. 4. This methanol sample collected is to be used for analysis.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Colour Test Certain impurities result in discoloration of the wall wash sample. Collect about 200 ml of sample of wall wash methanol in the sample bottle from four sites. Allow the methanol to run down the wall approximately 15 cms and begin collecting it with a half cut funnel pressed against the bulkhead.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. Gloves should be worn to prevent the absorption of methanol through skin. VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST COM-CT / A/08 August 01. The colour of the wall wash liquid is compared standard solution.5 to 2 metres) above the tank bottom in a stream of about 10 cms wide. funnels and other apparatus must be thoroughly rinsed with methanol prior use as chlorides are abundant in environment. Personal collecting the samples should be aware that samples or sampling equipment must not in any way contact bare skin or perspiration. Test Sites A minimum of four (4) sites. Preparation of Nessler tubes for Chloride test – . Chloride test The principal of the test is that chloride together with silver nitrate solution forms silver chloride (AgCl) which makes the solution turbid. Also all sampling equipment including bottles. This solution is compared with various standard solutions to establish the ppm chlorides in the sample. Mostly APHA colour is measured. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 2 of 9 Precautions Safety Considerations: Eye protection is required when collecting the samples to prevent the inadvertent contact of methanol with eyes during sample collection. Disposable plastic gloves are worn to prevent contamination of sample during collection process (Sufficient amount of chlorides can be absorbed from the skin to cause the sample to fail the chloride analysis). approximately 1 square meter each. Collection Procedure Dispense methanol on the test sections at the highest practical point (about 1. any area that appears to have crystalline deposits must definitely be tested. must be chosen in each tank. I. If the turbidity of the sample is more than . .I. The water with wall wash liquid is compared with a standard solution of pure methanol and DI water. Therefore this test is also called Water Miscibility test. This leads to cloudiness or turbidity of water. The Wall wash sample is soluble in water but not the impurities. water WALL WASH TEST COM-CT / A/08 August 01. Compare the turbidity of the sample solution with standard .I.25 PPM.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.5PPM and 2PPM solutions by looking through the liquid against a black background. water 1 ml of 10PPM stand Chloride 2 ml of 10PPM stand Chloride 8 ml of 10PPM stand Chloride 2 ml of 2o% H NO3 2 ml of 2o% H NO3 2 ml of 2o% H NO3 2 ml of 2o% H NO3 2 ml of 2% Ag NO3 2 ml of 2% Ag NO3 2 ml of 2% Ag NO3 2 ml of 2% Ag NO3 50 ml of Wall wash sample 50 ml of Pure methanol 50 ml of Pure methanol 50 ml of Pure methanol standard . VEKTOR MARITIM 46 ml of D.25 PPM solution. water 44 ml of D. .5 PPM Sample standard 2 PPM Prepare the Nessler tubes as indicated in the above diagrams. Hydrocarbon test The purpose of this test is the qualitative detection of non-water soluble contaminants. Comparison should be done in a dark room by looking through the tube using a beam flashlight.25-PPM standard . water 45 ml of D. the sample should be compared with . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 3 of 9 38 ml of D.I.5 PPM standard solution and so on until the turbidity of the sample matches the higher standard solution. It works on the basis that many impurities are soluble in the wall wash liquid but not in water. The wall wash sample is poured into clear DI water. Insert the stopper and invert the tubes.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . water 50 ml of Wall wash sample Sample COM-CT / A/08 50 ml of Pure methanol Standard Preparation of Nessler tubes for Hydrocarbon test – Prepare the Nessler tubes as indicated in the above diagrams.I.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . The more the impurities the faster the change in colour. Insert the stopper and invert the tubes to mix the contents. there are moderate to heavy hydrocarbons. Compare the cloudiness / turbidity of the sample solution with standard solution of pure methanol / DI water by looking through the liquid against a black background. If a bluish tint is present. VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST August 01. Similarly if the sample solution is milkier than standard than there is a presence of hydrocarbon in the wall wash test. The test is based on the ability of Potassium permanganate (KmnO4) to oxidize hydrocarbon impurities that could be present in the wall wash liquid. If there is a reaction in a neutral solution. . Comparison should be done in a dark room by looking through the tube using a beam flash light.I.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. the potassium permanganate is reduced and changes its colour from Purple to yellow-orange. Permanganate Time Test Principal: Presence of oxide impurities reduces the presence of Potassium Permanganate. water 50 ml of D. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 4 of 9 50 ml of D. If the sample solution is same in transparency as the standard than wall wash hydrocarbon content is zero. Allow it to stand for 5 minutes. the so-called NVM. Oxide impurities are present in the wall wash sample.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. A defined quantity of the wall-wash liquid is poured into glass chalet and evaporated. VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST 2 ml of KMnO4 Sol 2 ml of KMnO4 Sol 50 ml of Wall wash sample 50 ml of Pure methanol Sample COM-CT / A/08 August 01. add KMnO4 . Non Volatile Matter test (NVM test) This test is used to determine the presence of non-volatile impurities on the tank surface. Note the time taken by Purple sample solution in the Nessler tube to turn to orange. This is then divided by the original weight of the sample. Insert the stopper and invert the tube once to mix the contents. The weight of the residue. Compare the time taken for standard solution to undergo similar change in colour.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . note the time. is detected by weighing. If the sample solution takes lesser time to turns to orange yellow.yellow in colour. . Keep the Nessler tubes in constant temperature bath . The indication of trace on the tank surfaces where the wall wash test reagent had flowed down is a clear indication of the presence of NVM on the tank surface. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 5 of 9 Standard Preparation of Nessler tubes for Permanganate Time Test – Prepare the Nessler tubes as indicated in the above diagrams. The water with wall wash liquid is compared with a standard solution of pure methanol and DI water. Chlorides and PTT. Colour Test Certain impurities result in discoloration of the wall wash sample. Hydrocarbon ( Water miscibility). Mostly APHA colour is measured. Hydrocarbon The purpose of this test is the qualitative detection of non-water soluble contaminants. 50 ml of D.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. This leads to cloudiness or turbidity of water. The colour of the wall wash liquid is compared standard solution. It works on the basis that many impurities are soluble in the wall wash liquid but not in water. the lab methanol.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST COM-CT / A/08 August 01. Therefore this test is also called Water Miscibility test.I. Therefore Lab methanol and DI water need to be tested prior using for collecting and testing samples. DI water and other reagents have to be of very pure quality. The 50 ml of Lab methanol is poured into50 ml of clear DI water in a 100 ml nessler tube. Lab Methanol Lab Methanol may be tested for Colour. The methanol is soluble in water but not the impurities. water 50 ml of Lab Methanol . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 6 of 9 LAB CHEMICAL TESTING PROCEDURE To Ensure the correct results of the lab testing. 50 ml of Lab methanol is poured in 100 ml nessler tube then 2 ppm of Silver nitrate solution and 2 ml of nitric acid is added and rest of the tube is filled with DI water. water 2 ml of 2o% H NO3 2 ml of 2% Ag NO3 50 ml of Wall wash sample Permanganate Time Test The test is based on the ability of Potassium permanganate (KmnO4) to oxidize hydrocarbon impurities that could be present in the liquid. . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 7 of 9 Chloride The principal of the test is that chloride together with silver nitrate solution forms silver chloride (AgCl) which makes the solution turbid. the potassium permanganate is reduced and changes its colour from Purple to yellow-orange. faster the change in colour.I.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. If there is a reaction in solution.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO COM-CT / A/08 CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST August 01. This solution is compared with Pure Lab Methanol and DI water to establish the ppm chlorides in the sample 46 ml of D. More the impurities. Mostly APHA colour is measured. This leads to cloudiness or turbidity of water. 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 8 of 9 2 ml of KMnO4 Sol 50 ml of Lab Methanol DI Water DI Water may also be tested for colour.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Hydrocarbon The 50 ml of DI water is poured into50 ml of clear Lab Methanol in a 100 ml nessler tube. The water with Methanol liquid is compared with a standard solution of pure methanol and DI water . Hydrocarbon ( Water miscibility) and Chlorides.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT. VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST COM-CT / A/08 August 01. The methanol is soluble in water but not the impurities. Colour Test The colour of the DI Water is compared standard solution. VEKTOR MARITIM WALL WASH TEST COM-CT / A/08 August 01. This solution is compared with Pure Lab Methanol and DI water to establish the ppm chlorides in the sample 46 ml of Lab Methanol 2 ml of 2o% H NO3 2 ml of 2% Ag NO3 50 ml of DI Water . 2012 Rev/Issue:00/01 Page 9 of 9 50 ml of Lab Methanol 50 ml of DI Water Chloride 50 ml of DI water is poured in 100 ml nessler tube then 2 ppm of Silver nitrate solution and 2 ml of nitric acid is added and rest of the tube is filled with Lab Methanol.CHEMICAL TANKERS PT.Issued by: DMR Approved by: COO CARGO OPERATIONS MANUAL . Open coffer -dam For long voyages with "no leakage at A" purge at least every fortnight. If leakage at A purge this pump every day Dat Result Open Averag e coffer e result -dam Shortly before unloading Shortly after unloading Dat e Result Open coffer -dam Dat e Result Signed by: Chief Officer Chief Engineer Pumpman Note: This report to be sent to purging@framo.: __________________________________ Electronic copy:
[email protected] ROUTINE FOR FRAMO SUBMERGED CARGO PUMPS SHIP NAME:__________________________________ NOTE: In "Result" column: H = hydr. oil C = cargo W= water condensate In "Open cofferdam" column: Yes = air or liquid coming through No = Blocked cofferdam Tank No.no If paper copy: Frank Mohn Services AS Ship owner: Electronic/ Paper copy INTERVALS B C D If no leakage at A go to C.no at compltion of job keeping Vektor Maritim Technical department and vessel superintendent in copy. State action taken. new parts installed. etc. . Cargo PURGING A Shortly before loading Date Result Open coffer -dam 1-2 days after loading Dat e Result Open coffer -dam VOYAGE NO.