OBO: Buddhism Entry ID: 9780195393521-0097 Citation Style: Humanities Version Date: uploaddateJONANG Michael Sheehy Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center (TBRC) INTRODUCTION Jonang (also known as jo nang, jo nang pa or Jonangpa) is a distinct order of Buddhism in Tibet. Early forefathers of the Jonang include Tsen Kawoché (b. 1021) and the Kālacakra master Yumo Mikyo Dorje (b. 1027). The term “Jonangpa” first occurred in reference to those who settled in the surrounding caves in the Jomonang (jo mo nang) valley in south-central Tibet, starting with the arrival of Kunpang Tukjé Tsöndru (b. 1243–d. 1313) in the year 1294. By the early 14th century, with the presence of Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen (b. 1292–d. 1361) at the Jonang mountain hermitage, the Jonangpa community of hermits and yogis had grown to form a distinct identity with their own scholastic tradition and esoteric lineage transmissions. Dolpopa became renowned in Tibet for his innovative exegesis on Indian Buddhist philosophical literature, most notably on the Prajñāpāramitā and Kālacakra Tantra. Interpreting Buddhist sutras and tantras, Dolpopa’s works enunciate a view that qualifies relative reality to be empty of inherent existence, termed rangtong (“self-empty,” rang stong), juxtaposed to zhentong (“other-empty,” shentong, gzhan stong), that which is empty of everything other than the ultimate enlightened essence or tathāgata-garbha. These teachings on zhentong sparked historic controversy in Tibet and became a hallmark of the Jonang contemplative and philosophical tradition. By the 16th century, the Jonang order played an integral role in the religious, intellectual, and cultural life of Tibet, having established nearly thirty monasteries and formed institutional relations with the Sakya, Kagyü, and Kadampa Buddhist orders. Much of this was due to Kunga Drolchok (b. 1507–d. 1566), who assumed leadership at Jonang for nearly twenty years, and undertook the nonsectarian project of recording essential practice instructions from Tibet’s disparate Buddhist lineages. With Kunga Drolchok’s successor, the renaissance figure Tāranātha (b. 1575–d. 1635), the Jonangpa were at their historical apex, and the newly founded Takten Phuntsok Ling Monastery became the center for Jonangpa activity. Patronized by the governor of Tsang, Tāranātha’s power-seat became a political target during the rise of the Fifth Dalai Lama and the Mongol army. After Tāranātha’s death, Phuntsok Ling Monastery, along with each Jonang monastery in central Tibet, was forcefully confiscated by the Geluk order. Sequestered from their homeland, the Jonangpa made their way across the Tibetan plateau and resettled in the remote valley of Dzamthang. During the mid-to-late 19th century, the Jonangpa underwent a revival with the emergence of several extraordinary Jonang masters and the Rimé eclecticism put forth by Jamgön Kongtrul and Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. The Jonangpa continue to transmit their tradition and establish monasteries throughout far-eastern Tibet. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. The ‘Dzam-thang edition of the collected works of Kun-mkhyen Dol-po-pa Shes-rab rgyal-mtshan: Introduction and Catalogue.GENERAL OVERVIEWS Though the field of Jonang studies is burgeoning. Tāranātha 2005 is a translation of a key practice text for the Jonangpa. the following citations are the most notable contributions to date. “The Gzhan stong Chen mo: A Study of Emptiness According to the Modern Tibetan Buddhist Jo nang Scholar ‘Dzam thang Mkhan po Ngag dbang Blo gros grags pa (1920–1975). 2010. California Institute of Integral Studies. its database of lineage master biographies and interactive map of sites. 2006. [ISBN: 9781559392389] The first English-language translation of Dolpopa’s syncretic masterpiece. though in a polemical light based on the account of a Gelukpa critic. the Ri chos nges don rgya mtsho. Translated by Jeffrey Hopkins. Kapstein gives us a descriptive catalogue to the Collected Works (gsung ‘bum) of Dolpopa. *Jonang Foundation[http://jonangfoundation. Discusses major historical figures within Jonang history and gives extensive annotations referencing relevant source materials. and the scholarly Jonangpa. One of the first major contributions. Boston: Wisdom Publications. “The Jo nang pas: A School of Buddhist Ontologists According to the Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems (Grub mtha’ shel gyi me long) [1963]. The website of the **Jonang Foundation** is an extremely useful online resource because of its introductory material on Jonangpa history and thought. Ithaca. NY: Snow Lion.” PhD diss. 289–322.com blog. Mountain Doctrine: Tibet’s Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha Matrix. 2007. a library of essays and translations. While Sheehy 2007 is a partial translation of a modern zhentong work with an informative historical introduction. Delhi: Shedrup Books. Döl-bo-ba.. Article introduced the Jonangpa and their zhentong view. and a translation of Dolpopa’s letter to his disciples. Shay-rap-gyel-tsen 2006 is a translation of the core text for understanding zhentong as presented by Dolpopa. David Seyfort. Includes an interactive map of Jonang sites in Tibet. Matthew T.org/]*. the scholar Khenpo Lodro Drakpa from . Ruegg. biographies of Jonang masters. printed at Dzamthang and reprinted by Shedrup Books in India. By David Seyfort Ruegg. [class:thesis-phd] This is a translation and study of an important work on zhentong by one of the major Jonangpa authors of the modern period. Ruegg 2010 is a reprint of the article that introduced the Jonangpa to English-language audiences. and Jonangpa. and there are limited sources. Sheehy. It is one of the seminal texts for understanding the mainstream zhentong view within the Jonang tradition. [ISBN: 9780861715909] This was the first significant English-language publication on the Jonangpa. it includes an introduction to Dolpopa’s life and thought. Kapstein. Shay-rap-gyel-tsen. Michael. Stearns 2010 and Kapstein 1992 are the two most important sources for navigating Dolpopa’s thought and writings.” In The Buddhist Philosophy of the Middle: Essays on Indian and Tibetan Madhyamaka.com blog. and it remains relevant as a legacy article. The website of the international nonprofit support organization that preserves and promotes understanding of the Jonangpa as a distinct order of Tibetan Buddhism. 1992. Contributions to the Study of Jo nang pa History. Essence of Ambrosia: A Guide to Buddhist Contemplation. “Jo nang khrid brgya. Bhutan: Lama Ngodrup and Sherab Drimey.Dzamthang. NY: Snow Lion. Vol. Sa bzang 2008 is a commentary on the Bodhisattva’s Way of Life by the famed Indian master Shantideva. with Dolpopa’s own commentary. 18. the Vimalaprabhā. TBRC W20877. Iconography. and precepts are included by Jamgon Kongtrul (b. This is a collection of 108 quintessential meditation guidance instructions that were compiled by the Jonang master Kunga Drolchok (b. Ṅag-dbaṅ-blo-gros-grags-pa 1993 is a reproduction of the history of the Jonang. Phyogs las rnam rgyal 2008 is one of the main Jonang commentaries on the Kālacakra and its Indian commentary. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. Edited by ‘Jam mgon Kong sprul blo gros mtha’ yas[noninvertible]. PRIMARY TIBETAN WORKS The Jonang literary heritage. Cyrus. 1979–1981. Itacha. The Buddha from Dolpo: A Study of the Life and Thought of the Tibetan Master Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen. However useful the translation is. cited under *The Contemporary Tradition*) Stearns. 2010. Supplementary materials including histories. (see also Kapstein 1993. and later completed by his lineage successor Tāranātha (b. an examination of Dolpopa’s view. 1575–d. and translations of two of Dolpopa’s most important works. Introduction includes a history of zhentong and the Jonangpa. Kun dga’ grol mchog 1979–1981 is the collection of 108 Buddhist practice instructions that were compiled by a 15th-century Jonang master. It is considered as one of the textual precedents for the Rimé eclecticism of the 19th century. Tāranātha[non-invertible]. 1889/1890) in the Gdams ngag mdzod for each instruction lineage. contains writings on a wide variety of genres as well as commentaries within each of the Buddhist core curricular subjects. 1813–d. Ṅag-dbaṅ-blo-gros-grags-pa. Translated by Willa Baker. supplications. 1565/1566). and Doctrine: Selected Writings of ʾDzam thang Mkhan po Blo gros . 1634). or preliminary practices in Tibetan Buddhism. Mountain Dharma: An Ocean of Definitive Meaning. and included with the Treasury of Guidance Instructions. like that of each of the Tibetan Buddhist traditions. 1507–d.” In Gdams ngag mdzod: A Treasury of Precious Methods and Instructions of All of the Major and Minor Buddhist Traditions of Tibet. historical information in the introduction should be checked against other sources. General Commentary on the Doctrine and the Fourth Council. Tāranātha 2008 is a compilation of short liturgies and iconographic descriptions of tantric deities (titled An Ocean of Meditational Deities). Shes rab rgyal mtshan 2007 is a version of Dolpopa’s masterpiece work on zhentong. a survey of zhentong in Tibet. Kun dga’ grol mchog[non-invertible]. Paro. [ISBN: 9781559393430] Includes a life account of Dolpopa. [ISBN: 9788186470374] This is a translation of an instruction manual by Tāranātha on the ngöndro. as well as a masterpiece on zhentong by this modern author from Dzamthang. Presented here is a sampling of some of the most important Tibetan-language works by Jonang authors. 2005. 127–354. 01. introduced by Matthew Kapstein. Van der Kuijp 1983 makes historical links of the Jonang tradition in Tibet with its Indian antecedents. Sperling 2009 gives a glimpse into modern political connections of the Jonangpa in eastern Tibet with the Chinese Empire during the Ming era. Jo nang dpe tshogs. one of Dolpopa’s close discisples. 2008. HISTORICAL WORKS While Chimpa and Chattopadhyaya 1990 is a translation of a Jonangpa author’s work on history (Tāranātha’s History of Buddhism in India). This is Tāranātha’s compilation of sādhāna complimenting meditational deities of the Sarma or New Translations traditions of Buddhist tantra in Tibet. Dol po pa. Chogle Namgyal (b. Yi dam rgya mtsho’I sgrub thabs rin chen ‘byung gnas. Beijing: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang. Dus ‘khor mchan ‘grel. based on his history of Buddhism in India. TBRC W1PD95814. In Rje btsun jo nang tA ra nA tha’i gsung ‘bum. Shes rab rgyal mtshan. Jo nang dpe tshogs. Ri chos nges don rgya mtsho. See also Sheehy 2007. 1386). Beijing: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang. TBRC W1PD95808. . The commentary is in the form of interlinear annotations (mchan) to the root tantra of the Kālacakra along with its own commentary. 18–20. Spyod ‘jug sa ‘grel. This is a history of the Jonangpa by the modern Jonang master Khenpo Lodro Drakpa (1920–1975) from Dzamthang Monastery. This is one of the major commentaries on the Kālacakra Tantra within the Jonang tradition. Collected by Matthew Kapstein and Gyurme Dorje. Sa bzang Ma ti Paṇ chen[non-invertible]. Mes po’i shul bzhag. the other sources cited here are selections pertaining to themes related to the history of the Jonangpa. 1306–d. while Kapstein 2000 presents Dolpopa’s 14thcentury retrospective on the Buddhist councils in India. It includes short biographies of each of the major Jonang masters in its extensive supplementary appendix. Tāranātha. India: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. 2008. This is the synthetic masterpiece on zhentong philosophical thinking about emptiness by Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen (1292–1361). Also includes the author’s masterpiece on zhentong. 12. 1993. This is a commentary on the classic Indian Buddhist presentation of the bodhisattva path by Shantideva. See also the separate Oxford Bibliographies Online article on *Tāranātha[obo9780195393521-0099]*. composed by one of Dolopa’s primary disciples. Jo nang dpe tshogs. Phyogs las rnam rgyal[non-invertible]. TBRC W1CZ2328. the Vimalaprabhā. the Bodhicaryāvatāra It was composed by Sazang Mati Paṇchen (1294–1376). 71–73. 2 vols.grags pa. Beijing: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang. 2007. Each includes iconographic description of the yidam deity along with an image for visualization. It is an anthology of sutra and tantra quotes arranged in logical presentation to provide the core canonical sources for zhentong. Chandra 1963 gives critical information about the history of Jonang Tibetan literature. Beijing: Krung go’i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang. Dharamsala. Templeman 1981 is a brief study of Tāranātha as a historian. TBRC W2DB4612. Tucci 1949 highlights tensions at play in the confiscation of Tāranātha’s Takten Phuntsok Ling Monastery. 2008. among other writings. cited under *General Overviews*. TBRC W1PD45495. as well as the significance of Chöjé Monastery in Dzamthang during the Ming dynasty. Boston: Wisdom. Chimpa. Templeman 2008 and Riggs 2001 are both biographies of Tāranātha. New Delhi: International Academy of Indian Culture. and also looks at his involvement in the Indian lineage of Great Madhyamaka. Lama. Sata-pitaka Series 28–30.” in which Kapstein contextualizes Dolpopa’s hermeneutical model derived from his cosmological schema of the four cosmic eons of the Buddha’s teachings. which make up a fraction of his entire writings. ed. [ISBN: 9780195131222] Includes a chapter titled “Dolpopa on the Age of Perfection. with a section on Tāranātha’s Takten Phuntsok Ling Monastery and the political relations of the Jonangpa in the 17th century. in particular those of Tāranātha. BIOGRAPHICAL ACCOUNTS Stearns 2010 is the most comprehensive biographical account of Dolpopa. Rome: Libreria Dello Stato. Tucci. 1990. It details Tāranātha’s particular view on the rise and development of the different systems of Buddhist thought in India. Giuseppe. J. Edited by Matthew Kapstein. Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature. Elliot. is a brief life story of Tāranātha based on a Shangpa Kagyu hagiography. and Zangpo 2003 being brief hagiographies of each (see also *Shangpa and Rimé Connections*). 1949. Matthew T. Riggs 2001. Leonard W.Chandra. Important in understanding how Tarānātha’s writings on history. Templeman 1992 being an intergenerational account of successive Jonangpa reincarnations with a rich biographical corpus. Perceived and Imagined. This is a compilation of catalogs and brief essays on major collections of Tibetan writings that includes a section on Jonangpa writings. An early contribution by Western scholarship on Tibet. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. meanwhile. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kapstein. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.” Tibet Journal 6. Article on the historical writings of the Jonangpa scholar Tarānātha. and Memory. Along the Ming-Era SinoTibetan Frontier. 1963. 1983.” In Buddhism Between Tibet and China. “Tibetan Buddhism. Tibetan Painted Scrolls. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism: Conversion. Komarovski 2011 is . Lokesh. David. Sperling. Wiesbaden: F. van der Kuijp. 2009.2 (1981): 41–46. 155–180. Van der Kuijp discusses zhentong as a meditative tradition and looks at the historical development of the Jonangpa. and Alaka Chattopadhyaya. Templeman 1992 and Zangpo 2003 both include accounts of the lives of Kunga Drolchok and Tāranātha. drawing from Dolpopa’s writings such as the Bka’ bsdus bzhi pa and Ri chos. Tāranātha’s History of Buddhism in India. 2000. while Templeman 2008 is a dissertation on Tāranātha’s relations with Indian figures and his fascination with India as a young man. [ISBN: 9788120806962] This is a translation of Tāranātha’s historical account of Indian Buddhism. Contestation. “Tāranātha the Historian. based on the numerous Tibetan sources. This article examines the formative period of the Jonangpa in Amdo. Alt-und Neu-indische Studien 26. Steiner. Contributions to the Development of Tibetan Buddhist Epistemology: From the Eleventh to the Thirteenth Century. Templeman. [ISBN: 9783515035842] The chapter on the translator Ngok Lotsāwa Loden Sherab’s tradition of epistemology connects him to the exegetical tradition of Maitreya. have been emphasized in the study of him and his works. Monash University. David. 2003. arriving at Jonang. the Jonangpa scholar Sazang Mati Panchen. NY: Snow Lion. Eugene. 1507) interpretation of zhentong also includes a sketch based on the Jonang master Kunga Drolchok’s biography of Shakya Chokden. Vol. Stearns. or the subliminal consciousness. Norway: Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture. Zangpo. Yaroslav. overseeing the Kālacakra Tantra translation. Riggs. and being summoned by the emperor of China. Contributing to the broader conversation about Buddhist psychology and Tibetan interpretations of ālayavijñāna. constructing the magnificent stūpa. Nicole. such as studying at Sakya. 2. though it includes a significant section on his life drawn from a biography by the Jonang master Kunga Drolchok. Georgios T. It situates Dolpopa within the major events of his life. [class:thesis-phd] This is a study derived largely from the autobiographical writings of Tāranātha. Fagernes. 2001. Visions of Unity: The Golden Pandita Shakya Chokden’s New Interpretation of Yogacara and Madhyamaka. Ithaca. “Compassionate Aspirations and Their Fulfillment: Dol-po-pa’s A Prayer for Birth in Sukhāvatī. and Jamgon Kongtrul. Timeless Rapture: Inspired Verse from the Shangpa Masters. DOCTRINAL WORKS Included in this section are works concerning tenets and views that are not explicitly related totathāgata-garbha. 2010. “Becoming Indian: A Study of the Life of the 16th–17th Century Tibetan Lama Tāranātha. 1428–d. NY: Snow Lion. In particular. Relates biographical themes from the overlapping incarnations of the Jonangpa figures Kunga Drolchok and Tāranātha.” PhD diss. Templeman. Halkias. Halkias 2009 presents a translation of a small liturgical text in Dolpopa’s prayer to the Buddha Amitābha’s Pure Land. Ngawang.largely a study on the 15th-century Sakya scholar Shakya Chokden’s philosophical thought. Kapstein 2001 gives us a fuller understanding of the nuances found in Jonangpa views on the Prajñāpāramita literary corpus. and his encounters with them in Tibet. [ISBN: 9781559393430] This work is a biography of Dolpopa drawn from numerous Tibetan sources. [ISBN: 9781559392044] Includes brief hagiographies of Kunga Drolchok and Tāranātha based on a Shangpa Kagyü collection of life stories. Edited by Per Kvaerne. Ithaca. zhentong. or the Kālacakra.” In Tibetan Studies: Proceedings of the 6th Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. 2011. OR: Dharma Cloud Press. [ISBN: 9781438439099] This study of the Sakya master Shakya Chokden’s (b. 877–883.” In As Long as Space Endures: Essays on the Kālacakra . Komarovski. Like an Illusion: Lives of the Shangpa Kagyu Masters. Rev. Cyrus. Wilson 2001 details the view of one of Dolpopa’s primary disciples. Templeman. 2008. 1992. The Buddha from Dolpo: A Study of the Life and Thought of the Tibetan Master Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen. ed. [ISBN: 9780970563903] Includes a brief hagiography of Tāranātha drawn from a Shangpa Kagyü collection of life stories. his biographies of Indian Buddhist masters. Albany: State University of New York Press. “Reflexive Criticism: The Case of Kun dga’ ‘grol mchog and Tāranātha. David. Edited by Guy Newland. Albany: State University of New York Press. Duckworth. Tathāgata-garbha Ever since Dolpopa’s writings on tensions at the heart of tathāgata-garbha. and the significance of his writings in the contemporary Jonang educational curriculum. Douglas S.Tantra in Honor of H. [ISBN: 9781559393034] This article includes a translation of Dolpopa’s aspiration prayer to be reborn in the Pure Land of Sukhāvatī. and Schaeffer 1995 offer in-depth studies of different Tibetan interpretations of tathāgata-garbha. 2001. [class:thesis-phd] This is a study on the Sakya scholar Gorampa that includes a chapter on the Jonangpa on tathāgata-garbha. Kapstein. as well as Gorampa’s directed writings on the Jonangpa. Jorden 2003. with significant cross-reference to Jonangpa scholars. while situating Dolpopa within the broader commentarial tradition on Nāgārjuna’s praise. the Dalai Lama. Williams 1989 gives us an understanding of how this doctrinal material became disputed in Tibet. By Matthew T.” PhD diss. Jonangpa philosophical thinking has been integral to the Tibetan discourse on tathāgata-garbha. chapter three has a section on zhentong in the Jonang tradition that draws from Dolpopa and Khenpo Lodro Drakpa. Tāranātha’s. Ithaca: Snow Lion. Ruegg 1969 introduced the field to many of the critical terms in the context of the Indian and Tibetan tathāgata-garbha literature. Ngawang. “From Kun-mkhyen Dol-po-pa to ‘Ba’-mda’ dge-legs: Three Jonang-pa masters on the interpretation of the Prajñāpāramitā. Wilson. Duckworth 2008. [ISBN: 9781559391603] This article relates the views of the Jonangpa scholar Sazang Mati Panchen on ālayavijñāna. 2009. Jorden analyzes Gorampa’s criticism of Remdawa on Jonang zhentong thinking. 259–275. 2008. 2001. Arnold. 301–317. and Bamda Gelek’s interpretations of the Prajñāpāramitā literature. This essay provides important references and observations on Bamda Gelek’s position as a prominent Jonangpa in the Rimé movement. [ISBN: 9780861712397] Synopsis of Dolpopa’s. Harvard University. Matthew T.’” In Changing Minds: Contributions to the Study of Buddhism and Tibet in Honor of Jeffrey Hopkins. . 2003. Edited by Edward A. Though not comparative per se. and emptiness (śūnyatā). Joe. and it continues to be mined. Mathes 2008. or buddhanature. H. Boston: Wisdom. Nāgārjuna 2007 provides a translation of a root text from the zhentong interpretive framework. 215–231. Wangchuk 2009 is the most concentrated study on Dolpopa’s view. “Gung thang and Sa bzang Mati Paṇ chen on the Meaning of ‘Foundational Consciousness. Mipam on Buddha-Nature: The Ground of the Nyingma Tradition. Ithaca: Snow Lion. Jorden. Positioning many of these commentators on tathāgata-garbha literature in conversation with each other. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism.” In Reason’s Traces: Identity and Interpretation in Indian and Tibetan Buddhist Thought. [ISBN: 9780791475218] Though Duckworth is concerned with exploring the relationship between emptiness and tathāgata-garbha in the writings of Mipham Gyatso (1846–1912). “Buddha-Nature: Through the Eyes of Go rams pa Bsod nams seng ge in Fifteenth Century Tibet. Kapstein. Though no work to date explicitly researches the Jonangpa view of tathāgata-garbha. though it is comparative in approach. [ISBN: 9780861715282] This is a study of the interpretative traditions on tathāgata-garbha in Tibet. Broido 1989 and Mathes 2000 are articles on specific points of interest within Dolpopa’s and Tāranātha’s writings.Mathes. Commentary by the Third Karmapa compliments the text.. Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. David Seyfort. Paris: École Française d’Extrême-Orient. 1995. A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Gö Lotsāwa’s Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga. Zhentong Madhyamaka Even the phrase “Zhentong Madhyamaka” is relatively new and scarce within Western scholarship on Buddhist thought. Boston: Wisdom. and both serve as good liftoffs for further investigation into issues raised. Ruegg 1991 is the work that identified zhentong within the broad cultural exchange of Madhyamaka from India to Tibet.” PhD diss. The Enlightened Heart of Buddhahood: A Study and Translation of the Third Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje’s Work on Tathāgatagarbha. La theorie du tathāgatagarbha et du gotra. 2008. [class:thesisma] This thesis includes a chapter on the historical encounter and relationship of the Third Karmapa with Dolpopa. The author’s peripheral treatment of philosophical terms (including gzhan stong. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications. The introduction provides relevant discussion on a zhentong interpretation of the Uttaratantra (or Ratnagotravibhāga). 1969. and discusses central themes on tathāgata-garbha that are comparable in Dolpopa’s and the Third Karmapa’s works. [class:thesis-phd] This dissertation examines Dolpopa’s views on tathāgata-garbha in the cultural framework of 14th-century Tibet. Wangchuk. [ISBN: 9780415025362] The chapter on tathāgata-garbha literature in Indian and its Tibetan interpreters introduces the doctrinal issues and key sources for the conversation about zhentong. Schaeffer. MA diss. Paul. Translated by Karl Brunholzl. Brunnhölzl 2004 provides translations and studies of non-Jonang works. Chapter 3 addresses gotra in the Jonang master Nyawon Kunga Pal’s text. London and New York: Routledge. University of Virginia. Kongtrul 2007 is a translation of the author’s . Tsering. Publications de l’École Francaise d‘Extreme-Orient. Klaus-Dieter. 1989. LXX. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism.. In Praise of Dharmadhatu. and de gshegs snying po) make this a key source. Kurtis. [ISBN: 9781559392860] This is a translation of one of Nagarjuna’s cataphatic works that serves as the basis for the zhentong textual tradition. The views and works of key Tibetan figures in the debate about the ontological status of tathāgata-garbha are profiled. Yid kyi mun sel. and references to Dolpopa’s commentary are provided throughout. Ruegg. “The Uttaratantra in the Age of Argumentation: Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen and his Fourteenth-Century Interlocutors on Buddha-Lineage. Nāgārjuna. ‘od gsal. University of Washington. gzhi. the ‘De bzhin gshegs pa’i snying po gtan la dbab pa. 2009. This is a study in French on tathāgata-garbha and gotra. Williams. 2007. but in discussing Madhyamaka Brunnhölzl makes frequent mention of the influence of zhentong thought as proposed by various Jonangpa. as well as sections on the views of Dolpopa and Sazang Mati Panchen. Ithaca. Mountain Doctrine: Tibet’s Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha Matrix. Kongtrul. Ithaca: Snow Lion. The Center of the Sunlit Sky: Madhyamaka in the Kagyu Tradition.9. Klaus-Dieter: “Vordergründige und höchste Wahrheit im gźan stoṅMadhyamaka. Callahan. Germany: F. Book 6. Döl-bo-ba. and thereby. this volume details both Rangtong Madhyamaka and Zhentong Madhyamaka according to earlier Tibetan sources. it is considered by many to be an amalgamation of the dominant strains in Tibetan zhentong thought. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 11. in Leipzig. it deals with issues relevant to the whole of Zhentong Madhyamaka. [ISBN: 9781559392181] Though this is predominantly about Madhyamaka in the Kagyu tradition. relative and ultimate. Mind and the Problem of Gradualism in a Comparative Perspective: On the Transmission and Reception of Buddhism in India and Tibet. Regardless of its brevity.19th-century synthesis of Zhentong Madhyamaka. though it is compromised according to Jonangpa. garbha theory. Frameworks of Buddhist Philosophy. Ithaca. the relevance of the two truths. Part 3. Buddha-Nature.” In Annäherung an das Fremde: XXVI. NY: Snow Lion. describing his view of the two truths of reality. Edited by Holger Preissler und Heidi Stein. it examines the system of Yogācāra in zhentong with consideration of Dolpopa’s view. Ruegg. 2004. It discusses rangtong and zhentong. [ISBN: 9781559392389] . [ISBN: 9780728601529] This excellent study on gradual versus sudden approaches to buddha-hood gives attention to zhentong as a particular trend within the rise of Madhyamaka in Tibet. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 25. In particular. Broido’s article addresses the view of Dolpopa and is a valuable contribution. and ends with a useful outline of four primary differences between Dolpopa and non-Jonang modern zhentongpas. Mathes 1998 is a German article on Dolpopa’s short text. 1998. [ISBN: 9781559392778] Part of the series of translations on Kongtrul’s encyclopedic work. Karl.1 (1989): 86–90. 457–468. Translated by Jeffrey Hopkins. London: School of Oriental and African Studies. [ISBN: 9783515073271] [class:conference-paper] This is a synopsis and discussion of Dolpopa´s “Sun Illuminating the Two Truths” (bden gnyis gsal ba´i nyi ma) (in German). The Treasury of Knowledge. David Seyfort. Steiner.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 23. Shay-rap-gyel-tsen 2006 and Sheehy 2007 are both translations of core Jonang zhentong works with informative introductions. 2007. Michael. Jamgön. 1989. 2006. Brunnhölzl. Mathes does a comparative study of the trisvabhāva as it is found within selected texts of Indian Buddhist canonical literature with Tāranātha’s text. “The Jo-nang-pas on Madhyamaka: A Sketch.2 (2000): 195–223. bis 29. Shay-rap-gyel-tsen. Broido. Mathes. Mathes. NY: Snow Lion. Klaus-Dieter: “Tāranātha´s Presentation of trisvabhāva in the gŹan stoṅ sñiṅ po. This is an article on Tāranātha’s presentation of the three natures or trisvabhāva according to his Essence of Zhentong. Stuttgart. Translated by Elizabeth M.” Tibet Journal 14. cited under *The Contemporary Tradition*) Zhentong Polemics To most. and Geshe Lobsang Dargyay.. Boston: Wisdom. but nonetheless due to its popular readership. while Chokyi Nyima 2009 is an attack. [ISBN: 9781438434377] This is a translation and study of a presentation of tenet systems by the Nyingma scholar Bötrül that seeks to balance a view of emptiness between that of Tsongkhapa’s presentation and that of Dolpopa’s. Michael. Distinguishing the Views and Philosophies: Illuminating Emptiness in a Twentieth-Century Tibetan Buddhist Classic. . “The Gzhan stong Chen mo: A Study of Emptiness According to the Modern Tibetan Buddhist Jo nang Scholar ‘Dzam thang Mkhan po Ngag dbang Blo gros grags pa (1920–1975). 2007. Cabezon. Albany: State University of New York Press. 2007. and contributions of the Jonangpa to Tibetan intellectual culture. Translated by Geshe Lhundup Sopa. Freedom from Extremes: Gorampa’s ‘Distinguishing the Views’and the Polemics of Emptiness. Cabezon 2007 and Bötrül 2011 are translations of polemical works by Sakya and Nyingma scholars. Jose. 2009. 2011. [ISBN: 9780861715237] This is a translation of the Tibetan philosopher Gorampa’s major polemical work.This is the English-language translation of Dolpopa’s major work on zhentong. Hopkins 2002 presents these views in dialogue with one another. Tāranātha 2007 translates Tāranātha’s synopsis on tenet systems. Includes an introduction to zhentong. showing much of the range and complexity of the debate. Williams 1989 frames the debate in the context of the tathāgata-garbha literature and its reception by the Tibetans.” PhD diss. The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems: A Tibetan Study of Asian Religious Thought. Translated and annotated by Douglas Duckworth. respectively. Edited by Roger Jackson. Library of Tibetan Classics 25. (see also Kapstein 1993. [ISBN: 9780861714643] This is a translation of the work on Buddhist and non-Buddhist philosophical systems by an 18th-century Geluk polemicist. Thukten Losang. Bötrül. Mathes 2004 and Tāranātha 2007 are both based on Tāranātha’s presentation of twenty-one points that distinguish the view of Shakya Chokden from that of Dolpopa. the history of the Jonangpa. zhentong remains a point of philosophical controversy that indelibly marks the Jonangpa. California Institute of Integral Studies. Sheehy. Each work cited here represents its own distinct angle on the rangtong/zhentong discourse in Tibet. and the source for later Jonangpa authors and non-Jonangpa Tibetan commentators. Boston: Wisdom. [class:thesis-phd] A study of zhentong philosophical thought based on a translation of the ground (gzhi) section of the modern Jonangpa scholar Khenpo Lodro Drakpa’s large work. it remains a significant misrepresentation. and each deliberately targets the Jonangpa. One chapter is dedicated to the refutation of Dolpopa. Chökyi Nyima 2009 and Hopkins 2002 both present Gelukpa interpretations of Jonangpa views. The chapter on the Jonanpa is merely a caricature. Chökyi Nyima. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. The section on Tibetan polemical literature gives a good historical introduction. 2002. 14. with slight reference to the Jonang lineage. Henning 2007 is the only work to date on Kālacakra astrology that draws largely from Jonang sources. Though a Geluk commentary. 2004. detailing important doctrinal topics in the study of zhentong. The appendix translation is on the Twenty-One Profound Points. Newman 1985. Gyatso. . [ISBN: 9780415025362] The subsection on the zhentong and rangtong dispute in the tathāgata-garbha chapter succinctly covers some of the major textual sources and doctrinal issues that arose after Dolpopa with Tsongkhapa and later Gelukpas. Central topics regarding tathāgata-garbha. Fendell. The Library of Tibetan Classics. Boston: Wisdom. Introduction includes a discussion on the demise of the Jonangpa and the political tensions that led to a Geluk takeover. Kālacakra Tantra Because the Kālacakra Tantra is such an integral system to the whole of Jonangpa thought and praxis. and the interweaving of sutra and tantra are addressed as Tsongkapa’s views are juxtaposed to Dolpopa’s views. Excerpts from Hopkins’s translation of Dolpopa’s Mountain Doctrine are interspersed throughout. Williams. This article analyzes Tāranātha’s text on twenty-one points that differentiate Shakya Chokden’s view from that of Dolpopa. Khedrup Norsang. [class:thesis-ma] This work is a study and translation of Taranatha’s history of the Kālacakra Tantra in Indian and Tibet. NY: Snow Lion. Fendell 1997. [ISBN: 9780861714520] A few pages in the introduction are dedicated to the Jonang tradition and the relationship of the Kālacakra and zhentong.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 270. citations in this section are on a wide range of topics. Berkeley: University of California Press.Hopkins. Klaus-Dieter. Gyatso 2004 offers relevant information on the practice of the Kālacakra. Tāranātha.2 (2004): 278–321. [ISBN: 9781559392730] This is a translation of Tāranātha’s Essence of Zhentong. and Henning 2009 is one of the few articles on the theory of the sixfold completion yogas. Reference to the Kālacakra sixfold yoga preserved by the Jonangpa is made throughout the text. Ornament of Stainless Light: An Exposition of the Kālacakra Tantra.. 1997. London: Routledge. The Essence of Other-Emptiness. Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. Jeffrey. Vol. zhentong and rangtong. 2007. comparing the zhentong views of Shakya Chokden and Dolpopa. Indiana University. Reflections on Reality: The Three Natures and Non-Natures in the Mind-Only School. Paul. “Tāranātha’s Dpal dus khyi ‘khor lo’i chos bskor gyi byung khungs nyer mkho and its Relation to the Jo-nang-pa School of Tibetan Buddhism. [ISBN: 9780520211209] This work makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of some of the issues at the core of Jonangpa/Gelukpa polemics. 2 of Dynamic Responses to Dzong-ka-ba’s The Essence of Eloquence.” MA diss. on philosophical systems. “Tāranātha’s Twenty-One Differences in Respect to the Profound Meaning: A Possible Starting-point for Studies in the Gzhan stong Madhyamaka. and Stearns 1996 are each historical studies of the Jonang Kālacakra lineage in India and Tibet. Mathes. 1989. Translated by Jeffrey Hopkins. Translated by Gavin Kilty. Sheehy 2009. Ramsey. Ithaca. “*The Life and Tibetan Legacy of the Indian Mahāpaṇḍita Vibhūticandra[http://archiv. are significant.” In As Long as Space Endures: Essays on the Kālacakra Tantra in Honor of H. 51–90. Edward. an important master in the transmission of the Kālacakra lineage of the Jonangpa. 219– 235. “The Six Vajra-Yogas of Kālacakra.1 (1996): 127–171. situating him as a conduit within the broader Shangpa tradition. Nicole. Arnold. . “A Lineage History of Vajrayoga and Tantric Zhentong from the Jonang Kālacakra Practice Tradition. Riggs.php/jiabs/article/view/8844]*. Reference is made to the early formation of the Drö transmission inherited by the Jonangpa.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 19. and John Newman. SHANGPA AND RIMÉ CONNECTIONS Historical connections and crossover among the Shangpa Kagyü and Jonangpa lineages. Kongtrul. 2003. 2007.de/ojs/index. Eugene: Dharma Cloud. Smith 2001 provides the fullest account to date of Kongtrul’s relationships with his contemporary Jonangpa scholars and the influence of zhentong on his own thinking.uniheidelberg. Cyrus. [ISBN: 9781559392044] Includes brief hagiographies of Kunga Drolchok and Tāranātha along with poetic verses in translation. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies at Columbia University. and interest in these intersections by translators and scholars have produced a small body of relevant work.ub. Ithaca: Snow Lion.” In As Long as Space Endures: Essays on the Kālacakra Tantra in Honor of H. Ithaca: Snow Lion. 1985. Edward. Jamgon. Henning regularly references the astrological writings of the Jonangpa scholar Bamda Thubten Gyatso and the Phugpa system of calendrical calculations. Edited by Edward A. as well as the Rimé orientation. Translated and introduced by Ngawang Zangpo. Madison: Deer Park Books. [ISBN: 9780975373491] This work is on the astrology chapter found in the Kālacakra Tantra. Riggs 2001 and Kongtrul 2003 are each based on classic Shangpa texts that offer an understanding of how Kunga Drolchok and Tāranātha are situated within both of these traditions. [ISBN: 9781559393034] Article traces the historical transmission of the Jonang Kālacakra lineage from its Indian forefathers up to contemporary masters. the Dalai Lama. Newman. John R. Arnold. Stearns. Edited by Edward A. [ISBN: 9781559393034] Article on the esoteric vajrayoga processes of the completion stage of Kālacakra tantric practice. 2001. Sheehy. comp. Like an Illusion: Lives of the Shangpa Kagyu Masters.” In The Wheel of Time: The Kālacakra in Context. Article on the 13th-century Indian Buddhist figure Vibhūticandra. Roger Jackson. Michael R. [ISBN: 9780970563903] Includes a brief hagiography of Tāranātha. [ISBN: 9781559390019] This article is on the development of the Kālacakra lineages in India and Tibet. “A Brief History of the Kālacakra. 237–258.H. Kālacakra and the Tibetan Calendar. By Geshe Lhundub Sopa. Ithaca: Snow Lion. based largely on Jonang textual sources from Tāranātha and Bamda Gelek. 2009.Henning. the Dalai Lama. Timeless Rapture: Inspired Verse of the Shangpa Masters. 2009. Henning.H. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. Edited by Edward A. 2. 2 vols. particularly in the Dzamthang and Ngawa regions. Ithaca: Snow Lion. A classic piece of Western scholarship. Collected by Matthew Kapstein and Gyurme Dorje. “’Jam mgon Kong sprul and the Nonsectarian Movement. Shes bya kun khyab. Arnold. 1813–d. The Cultural Monuments of Tibet’s Outer Provinces: Amdo. [ISBN: 9789747534900] This survey presents the Jonang tradition according to the sociopolitical and doctrinal reasons for its demise in central Tibet and reemergence in southern Amdo. “Introduction. Matthew T. 2001. By E. Kapstein.” In Among Tibetan Texts: History and Literature of the Himalayan Plateau. Includes a brief overview of Khenpo Lodrak’s life. studies on the Jonangpa after Tāranātha are limited. [ISBN: 9780861711796] Introduction to Jamgön Kongtrul’s (b. abbreviated listing of his works. Vol. the Dalai Lama. The Gansu and Sichuan Parts of Amdo.” In As Long as Space Endures: Essays on the Kālacakra Tantra in Honor of H. Gene Smith. Gruschke 2001 provides a field survey of two of the most important Jonang monasteries in Amdo. Boston: Wisdom.” In Contributions to the Study of Jo-nang-pa History. Gives a brief account of the Jonangpa in Amdo. Sheehy. Kapstein 1993 provides an introduction to a historical and philosophical work by the modern Dzamthang scholar Khenpo Lodro Drakpa. Sheehy 2009 provides a history of the Jonang Kālacakra tradition up to its contemporary exemplars in Tibet. and overview of the relevance of these works. By Ṅag-dbaṅ-blo-gros-grags-pa. Gene. 2001. outline of contents. E. Michael R. Iconography and Doctrine: Selected Writings of ‘Dzam-thang Mkhan-po Blogros-grags-pa.Bangkok: White Lotus Press. 1993.H. “A Lineage History of Vajrayoga and Tantric Zhentong from the Jonang Kālacakra Practice Tradition. 219– 235. Andreas. This is an introduction to two important Tibetan language works by the modern Jonangpa scholar Khenpo Lodro Drakpa: the Jo nang chos ‘byung and Gzhan stong chen mo. and because access to the living tradition has only been gained recently. 1899) encyclopedia. THE CONTEMPORARY TRADITION Because the Jonangpa were isolated in eastern Tibet for much of the 20th century. .Smith. 2009. 235–272. [ISBN: 9781559393034] This article brings the Kālacakra transmissions inherited and sustained by the Jonangpa up to its contemporary lineage-holders. it is important because it emphasizes the impact of zhentong on key Rimé figures and the 19th-century revival of the Jonangpa. Gruschke.
Report "- BUD_Sheehy_Jonang_FINAL_PJ to author_MRS"