Bergey's Manual Id Flowcharts

Identification flow chartsBergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology All of the unknowns will fall into the following groups in Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (The pink book on the shelf in the laboratory). GROUP 4 Description: Gram Negative, Aerobic/Microaerophilic rods and cocci Key differences are: pigments/fluorescent, motility, growth requirements, denitrification, morphology, and oxidase, read Genera descriptions Examples: Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Beijerinckia, Acetobacter GROUP 5 Description: Facultatively Anaerobic Gram negative rods Key differences are: growth factors, morph., gram rxn., oxidase rxn., read Genera descriptions Examples: Family Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae GROUP 17 Description: Gram-Positive Cocci Key differences are: oxygen requirements, morph., growth requirements (45°C and supplements), read Genera descriptions Examples: Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Aerococcus GROUP 18 Description: Endospore-Forming Gram positive rods and cocci Key differences are: oxygen requirements, motility, morph, catalase Examples: Bacillus, Clostridium GROUP 19 Description: Regular, Nonsporlating Gram positive rods Key differences are: morph., oxygen require, catalase Examples: Lactobacillus, Listeria GROUP 20 Description: Irregular, Nonsporlating Gram-positive rods Key differences are: catalase, motility, morph., read Genera descriptions Examples: Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Arthrobacter, Propionibacterium GROUP 21 Description: Weakly Gram-Positive Nonsporlating Acid Fast Slender Rods Key differences are: acid fast, growth Examples: Mycobacterium 1 Gram Stain & Morphological Flowchart Some Examples Gram Positive Cocci Bacilli Filamentous Round in clusters & tetrads: Staphylococcus Micrococcus Peptococcus Oval shape in Chains: Streptococcus Peptostreptococcus Enterococcus Club-shaped and/or in palisades: Corynebacterium Listeria Erysipelothrix Mycobacterium (Acid Fast) Propionobacterium Spore-bearing. uniform: Bacillus Clostridium Extensive branching: Actinomyces Arachnia Nocardia (partially Streptomyces acid-fast) Branching rudimentry or absent: Erysipelothrix Lactobacillus Eubacterium Gram Negative Cocci Bacilli Neisseria Veillonella Medium-sized cocco-bacillary: Acinetobacter Moraxella Tiny-coccobacillary: Brucella Bordetella Bacteroides Pleomorphic coccobacillary & filamentous: Exaggerated pointed ends: Haemophilus Bacteroides Pasteurella Francisella Actinobacillus Eikenella Cardiobacterium Flavobacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum Curved.Identification flow charts Differentiation via Gram stains and cell morphology. large. comma-shaped: Vibrio Campylobacter Spirillium Uniformly Bacillary: Coiled & sphero-plastic: Streptobacillus Fusobacterium Enterobacteriaceae Pseudomonas Aeromonas Alcaligenes Chromobacterium 2 . Activity + Corynebacterium kutsceri Corynebacterium xerosis Acid & Gas Acid Lactobacillus fermenti Lactobacillus casei Lactobacillus delbrueckii Mannitol + Lactobacillus casei Lactobacillus delbrueckii 3 . Starch Hydrolysis Glucose Ferm. Bacillus spp. Corynebacterium spp Lactobacillus spp. Acid Fast + Strict Anaerobes + You sure you have this? Go to Bergey's. - Clostridium spp. Mycobacterium spp. Mycobacterium smegmatis Spore Forming + Bacillus spp. Clostridium spp Corynebacterium spp. Mycobacterium spp. Lactobacillus spp. Catalase + Corynebacterium spp. Corynebacterium spp. Lactobacillus spp. Lactobacillus spp. See separate flowchart.Identification flow charts Gram Positive Rods ID Flowchart Gram Positive Rods Bacillus spp. Clostrididium spp. insolitus B. laterosporus (round spore.0) B. sphaericus B. polymyxa B. pasteurii B. coagulans B.) (oval spore. pantothenticus Starch Hydrolysis (amylase) B. alvei B. rest are neg. alcalophilus B.) B. larvae B. thuringiensis B. ID Flowchart Bacillus spp. macerans B. growth < pH 7. coagulans B. pasteurii B.) + B. alvei + B. insolitus B. sphaericus B. badius B. subtilis B. alvei B. circulans (acid via arabinose neg. rest no) B. lentus B. anthracis B. sphaericus + B. sphaericus Cell Diamenter ! 1"m (the width) (containing spore) Swollen Cell (containing spore) Swollen Cell + B. stearothermophilus B. brevis B. coagulans B.) (manitol neg. popilliae B. macerans B. cereus B. macerans (gas from glucose pos. brevis B.) 4 . macquariensis B. macerans B. insolitus B. pantothenticus B. anthracis (non-motile) (makes insecticidal protein) (colony has a rhizoidal appearance) B.It is this one ) Nitrate Reduction Citrate 6.) (spore is not round. lentimorbus B. subtilis B. mycoides B. stearothermophilus B. circulans B. azotoformans B. cereus B. thuringiensis B. marinus B. no growth < pH 7.. lentus B. subtilis B. azotoformans B. macquariensis B. licheniformis B. azotoformans B..) + (add creatine as catalyst w/ reagents) B. pumilus (VP is pos. badius B. brevis B. marinus B. mycoides B. larvae (gelatinase pos. rest are round) (Motile .-rest pos. pasteurii B. schlegelii (grows at 55°C.) (catalase neg. megaterium (citrate pos. popilliae VP + B.5% NaCl Growth + B. coagulans + B. polymyxa B. licheniformis B. pasteurii B. alcalophilus B. circulans B. firmus B. cereus B. subtilis B. polymyxa B.0) (gas from glucose neg. alcalophilus B. marinus (acid from glucose) (acid from glucose) B. megaterium B. rest are) B. laterosporus B. licheniformis B. thuringiensis B. pantothenticus B. pantothenticus B.) B.) (manitol pos. licheniformis B. alvei B. pasteurii B.Identification flow charts Bacillus spp. macerans B. rest are oval) - Catalase Citrate B. stearothermophilus B. circulans B.) (acid via arabinose pos. alcalophilus B. brevis (methyl red neg. popilliae (gelatinase neg. polymyxa B.) 6. macquariensis B. mycoides B. alcalophilus B. macquariensis (methyl red pos.5% NaCl Growth + B. lentus B. B. badius (citrate neg. circulans (growth at 55°C-rest neg. badius + + B.) (gas from glucose neg. megaterium B. circulans B. brevis B. anthracis B. larvae B. lichenifomis B. macquariensis B. laterosporus B.) B. subtilis (no growth at 55°C) (growth at 55°C) B.. coagulans Acid from Arabinose + B. Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus mitis Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Streptococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. Enterococcus spp.. Staphylococcus spp. Bile Esculin Streptococcus spp.Micrococcus luteus Staphylococcus saprophyticus Optochin Sensitivity Yes Streptococcus pneumoniae No Streptococcus mitis 5 . Micrococcus spp. Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Streptococcus spp. Group B (Streptococcus agalactiae) . Streptococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. (mannitol pos. Staphylococcus spp. white colony) Enterococcus mundtii Beta (") Yellow Pigment (Colony) + Micrococcus spp. yellow colony) Alpha (#) Staphylococcus spp. Group B Enterococcus spp. Group B Pyrrolidonearylamidase (PYR Test) Glucose Fermentation + Micrococcus varians Novobiocin Sensitivity Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus mitis Yes Staphylococcus epidermidis Streptococcus pyogenes Group A + No Streptococcus spp. Enterococcus spp.Identification flow charts Gram Positive Cocci ID Flowchart Gram Positive Cocci Micrococcus spp.. Growth w/ Tellurite Gamma (!) Mannitol Fermentation + Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus spp. (see Bergey’s) (growth with esculin hydrolysis) Catalase - Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus hirae + Enterococcus mundtii + Micrococcus spp.) (mannitol pos. Hemolysis + Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus hirae (mannitol neg. putida P. putida P. sobria (subsp.Acid Pseudomonas spp. (See Bergey's) + Luminescent A. fluorescens P.. (See Bergey's) Non-Fluorescent Diffusible Blue Pigment (Pyocyanin)—use Psuedo P Agar Motility Pigment P. chlororaphis (Colony Pigmented) P. logei V. aeruginosa P. + Acid Glucose Fermentation . logei V. veronii A. orientalis V. veronii 30°C Growth 37°C Growth + P. splendidius P. cichorii P. hydrophila A. fischeri V.) 6 . logei V. (See Bergey's) P. Vibrio Oxidase Test Enterobacteriaceae (See Separate Flowchartt) Vibrio spp. hydrophila A. salmonicida (subsp.) + V. Na+ Required for Growth Fluorescent Diffusible Yellow Pigment Aeromonas spp. orientalis V. putida (Lecithinase Neg. fluorescens P. (Fluorescein)—use Psuedo F Agar + Vibrio spp.) (Oxidase Neg. veronii + V.Identification flow charts Gram Negative Rods ID Flowchart Gram Negative Rods + Aeromonas. splendidius H2S Production Nitrate Reduction + A. syringae P. fluorescens P.) Other Pseudomonas spp. masoucida) (no gas from glucose) A. salmonicida A. orientalis V. chlororaphis P. chlororaphis P. hydrophila A. Pseudomonas. aeruginosa (Yellow Colony) + A. cichorii (To differentiate Biovars do a lecithinase test) (Lecithinase Pos. fischeri + V. + VP Other Aeromonas spp. syringae (Oxidase Neg. splendidius Other Vibrio spp. Aeromonas spp. syringae + P. fischeri V. masoucida) + V. cichorii P. Identification flow charts Family Enterobacteriaceae Lactose Positive ID Flowchart Family Enterobacteriaceae Lactose Fermentation + Citrobacter diversus Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus Enterobacter intermedius Erwinia carotovora Erwinia chrysanthemi Escherichia coli Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumoniae Serratia fonticola Serratia rubidaea See Lactose Negative Flowchart for Enterobacteriaceae (subsp. 7 . ozaenae) Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus Erwinia carotovora Serratia rubidaea Lysine Decarboxylase + Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.) (VP pos and H2S neg. ozaenae and pneumoniae) Indole + Citrobacter diversus Escherichia coli Erwinia chrysanthemi Klebsiella oxytoca The Rest MR-VP +/+ Enterobacter intermedius -/+ Klebsiella pneumoniae (subsp.) Escherichia coli Serratia rubidaea Enterobacter cloacae Acid from sorbitol Erwinia chrysanthemi Klebsiella oxytoca (VP and H2S pos. none above are positive. No pigment + Citrobacter diversus (VP neg. ozaenae Motility neg. + Citrobacter freundii Motility pos. pneumoniae) +/Citrate Citrobacter freundii Serratia fonticola Klebsiella pneumoniae (subsp. No Pigment Motile. Serratia fonticola Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.) Enterobacter amnigenus No acid from sorbitol H2S Production Enterobacter aerogenes ?? Erwinia carotovora Lysine unknown but Gelatinase positive. pneumoniae Non-motile. Red pigment Motile. pos. motile Ornithine decarb. (boydii... Serratia liquefaciens No Red pigment (It is this one) 8 . neg. (boydii. the rest pos. dysenteriae. non-motile Erwinia cacticida Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis Yersinia enterocolitica H2S Yersinia pseudotuberculosis + Edwardsiella tarda Proteus vulgaris Morganella morganii Providencia stuartii Erwinia cacticida Urease Ornithine Decarboxylase Motility + (lysine decarb. dysenteriae. Serratia marcescens Red pigment Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis Salmonella enterica KCN growth neg.Identification flow charts Family Enterobacteriaceae Lactose Negative ID Flowchart Family Enterobacteriaceae Continued Lactose Negative Flow Chart Edwardsiella tarda Erwinia cacticida Morganella morganii Proteus mirabilis Proteus penneri Proteus vulgaris Providencia stuartii Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella spp. flexneri) Indole Test Urease + Proteus mirabilis Proteus penneri Ornithine decarb. neg.. Ornithine decarb. flexneri) Shigella sonnei Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia pestis Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Erwinia cacticida Proteus mirabilis Proteus penneri Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis Yersinia pseudotuberculosis - Edwardsiella tarda Morganella morganii Proteus vulgaris Providencia stuartii + ?? Please See Bergey’s to ID: Shigella spp.) Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis + Proteus vulgaris Edwardsiella tarda + Providencia stuartii Morganella morganii Salmonella bongori Salmonella choleraesuis Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Ornithine Decarboxylase H2S + + Salmonella bongori KCN growth pos. neg.