AWS A5.22-95 - Free Download PDF Ebook

AWS A5.22-95R Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding --```,,,```,,`,```,,`,,``,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT Key Words —Composite electrodes, flux cored AWS A5.22-95R arc welding, stainless steel tubular electrodes, filler metal specifications, Approved by composite rods, tungsten arc welding, American National Standards Institute tubular rods December 1, 1994 --```,,,```,,`,```,,`,,``,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Supersedes AWS A5.22-80 Prepared by AWS Committee on Filler Metal Under the Direction of AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by AWS Board of Directors Abstract Classification and other requirements are specified for more than 40 grades of flux cored stainless steel electrodes and rods. New classifications include duplex alloys not previously classified and flux cored rods for gas tungsten arc welding. Designations indicate the chemical composition of the weld metal, the position of welding (newly introduced in this revision of the standard), and the external shielding medium required (for those classifications for which one is required). A special designation (K) is used to identify those classifications that are intended specifically for cryogenic service. The requirements include general requirements, testing, and packaging. The Annex provides general application guidelines for individual alloys and other useful information about welding electrodes. Reproduced by Global Engineering Documents With the Permission of AWS Under Royalty Agreement 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT Statement on Use of AWS American National Standards All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties. International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-456-6 American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 © 1995 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Reaffirmed: February 11, 2005 AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. 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Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the Managing Director, Technical Services Division, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metal. It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or de- letions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metal and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’s response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metal to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only, or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specific clients, is granted by the American Welding Society (AWS) provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: 978-750-8400; online: http://www.copyright.com. ii Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT AWS A5.22-95R Personnel (Original) AWS Committee on Filler Metal D. J. Kotecki, Chairman The Lincoln Electric Company R. A. LaFave, 1st Vice Chairman Elliott Company --```,,,```,,`,```,,`,,``,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- J. P. Hunt, 2nd Vice Chairman Inco Alloys International J. C. Meyers, Secretary American Welding Society B. Anderson Alcotec R. L. Bateman* Electromanufacturas S A R. A. Bonneau US Army MTL R. S. Brown Carpenter Technology Corporation R. A. Bushey ESAB Group, Incorporated J. Caprarola, Jr. ESAB Group, Incorporated L. J. Christensen* Consultant R. J. Christoffel Consultant D. J. Crement Precision Components Corporation D. D. Crockett The Lincoln Electric Company R. A. Daemen Hobart Brothers Company D. A. DelSignore Westinghouse Electric Company H. W. Ebert Exxon Research and Engineering S. E. Ferree ESAB Group, Incorporated D. A. Fink The Lincoln Electric Company G. Hallstrom, Jr. USNRC-RII R. L. Harris* R. L. Harris Associates D. C. Helton Consultant W. S. Howes National Electrical Manufacturers Association R. W. Jud Chrysler Corporation R. B. Kadiyala Techalloy Maryland, Incorporated G. A. Kurisky Maryland Specialty Wire N. E. Larson Union Carbide, Industrial Gas Division A. S. Laurenson Consultant G. H. Macshane MAC Associates L. M. Malik* Materials Technology Center M. T. Merlo Stoody Company S. J. Merrick McKay Welding Products A. R. Mertes Ampco Metal, Incorporated J. W. Mortimer Consultant C. L. Null Department of the Navy Y. Ogata* Kobe Steel Limited - Welding Division J. Payne Schneider Services International R. L. Peaslee Wall Colmonoy Corporation E. W. Pickering, Jr. Consultant M. A. Quintana General Dynamics Corporation H. F. Reid* Consultant S. D. Reynolds, Jr.* Westinghouse Electric PGBU L. F. Roberts Canadian Welding Bureau D. Rozet Consultant *Advisor iii Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT AWS A5.22-95R AWS Committee on Filler Metal (Continued) P. K. Salvesen American Bureau of Shipping O. W. Seth Chicago Bridge and Iron Company W. A. Shopp* SAE M. S. Sierdzinski ESAB Group, Incorporated R. W. Straiton* Bechtel Group, Incorporated R. A. Sulit Sulit Engineering R. D. Sutton L-TEC Welding and Cutting Systems R. A. Swain Thyssen Welding Products J. W. Tackett Consultant R. D. Thomas, Jr. R. D. Thomas and Company R. Timerman* Conarco, S. A. R. T. Webster Teledyne Wah Chang H. D. Wehr Arcos Alloys, Incorporated A. E. Wiehe* Consultant W. L. Wilcox* Consultant F. J. Winsor* Consultant K. G. Wold Consultant AWS Subcommittee on Stainless Steel Filler Metals D. A. DelSignore, Chairman Westinghouse Electric J. C. Meyers, Secretary American Welding Society F. S. Babish Sandvik Steel Company R. S. Brown Carpenter Technology Corporation R. A. Bushey ESAB Group, Incorporated R. J. Christoffel* Consultant D. D. Crockett The Lincoln Electric Company J. G. Feldstein Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Lee Flasche Haynes International, Incorporated A. L. Gombach* Champion Welding Products, Incorporated B. Herbert* United Technologies-Elliott J. P. Hunt Inco Alloys International R. C. Jewell Polymet Corporation R. B. Kadiyala Techalloy Maryland, Incorporated G. A. Kurisky Maryland Specialty Wire W. E. Layo* Sandvik Steel Company G. H. Macshane MAC Associates M. T. Merlo Stoody Company A. H. Miller* Defense Industrial Supply Center Y. Ogata* Kobe Steel, Limited S. R. Patel Consultant E. W. Pickering, Jr. Consultant L. J. Privoznik* Consultant J. Qu Hobart Brothers Company H. F. Reid* Consultant C. E. Ridenour Tri-Mark, Incorporated D. Rozet Consultant S. P. Sathi Westinghouse Electric Corporation R. A. Swain Thyssen Welding Products R. Timerman* CONARCO, S.A. H. D. Wehr Arcos Alloys Incorporated W. L. Wilcox* Consultant D. W. Yonker, Jr. National Standard Company *Advisor iv --```,,,```,,`,```,,`,,``,,,`,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT M. D. S. L.. L. Fink. Reynolds. Wehr. Q. Feldstein Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation S. Fuchs Bohler Thyssen Welding USA. Incorporated *J.`. Chair The Lincoln Electric Company J. S. Parekh Consultant R. Menon Stoody Company M. A. E. 1st Vice Chair Chicago Bridge and Iron Company H. Gupta. G. Quintana The Lincoln Electric Company S. Harris. Incorporated J.. M. P. A.22-95R Personnel (Reaffirmation) AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials D. S. Merlo Select Arc. D. Sampath Consultant W.`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. D. Konkol Concurrent Technologies Corporation D. Incorporated D. R. J. P. Daemen Consultant D.. Severance ESAB Welding and Cutting Products *E.`-`-`. Fedor The Lincoln Electric Company J. G.```.. AWS A5. Jr. R.`. Henning Consultant R. Bateman Electromanufacturas.`. Marttila Daimler Chrysler Corporation R. Stevens Stevens Welding Consulting *Advisor v --```. Salvesen Det Norske Veritas (DNV) K.. DeVito ESAB Welding and Cutting Products H. J. Consultant P. A.`. Blackburn Naval Surface Warfare Center R.. Ebert Consultant D. W. Christoffel Consultant D. Fuerstenau Lucas-Milhaupt.`. A. Mosier Polymet Corporation C. S. Secretary American Welding Society *R. Franke Naval Surface Warfare Center R. T.. 2nd Vice Chair Arcos Industries LLC R.. Bundy ITW Hobart Brothers R. S. E. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Ferree ESAB Welding and Cutting Products G. C. Null Consultant M. F.``. Hunt Consultant M. Incorporated C. J..```. Laurenson Consultant K. Brown Consultant J. W. D. L. J. Crockett The Lincoln Electric Company *R. A. Henson J. Peaslee Wall Colmonoy Corporation *M. Johnson Los Alamos National Laboratory S. D. Miller ABS Americas *B. Del Signore Consultant J. K. Kiser Special Metals P.. Kotecki The Lincoln Electric Company L. A. L. Longden Canadian Welding Bureau W.`. A. Lee. Kvidahl Northrop Grumman Ship Systems A. . Swain Euroweld. Wehr Arcos Industries LLC *Advisor vi --```. Sutherlin Wah Chang R.. Jr. G. A. A. A.```. Incorporated R. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Thomas. B. Vernam AlcoTec Wire Corporation *F. E.. Feldstein Foster Wheeler North America R. J. Hunt Consultant T.. P. P. Tsutsumi Kobe Steel Limited L. Gupta. Wallin Stoody Company H. R.. *S. K. Chair Consultant D. D. R. T. G. Merlo Select Arc. A. Thomas and Company *S.`.```.`. Gupta Westinghouse Electric Corporation J. Fuchs Bohler Thyssen Welding USA.`.`. Ikeda Kobelco Welding of America. C. Inc. J. Surian Air Liquide Argentina SA R. Thomas and Company K.. Christoffel Consultant J. D. Cantrell Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant *R.. D. Jr. Lake ESAB Welding and Cutting Products M. Kurisky Maryland Specialty Wire F.`. Brown RSB Alloy Applications LLC R. D. S. Thomas. AWS A5. Thornberry Care Medical. S. Secretary American Welding Society *F. J. Babish Sandvik Steel Company R. Swain EuroWeld. J. Kotecki. Limited R.. A. Incorporated G.`. Incorporated *K..`-`-`. S. T. D.. D. Winsor Consultant A5D Subcommittee on Stainless Filler Metals D.`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. Henning Deltak *J.22-95R AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials (Continued) M. Tsutsumi Japanese Standards Association J.``. Limited *R. Sullivan NASSCO—National Steel and Shipbuilding *E. DelSignore. Vice Chair The Lincoln Electric Company R. .`. Technical Services Division.. AWS A5.22-95R.`. A formal reply will be issued after it has been reviewed by the appropriate personnel following established procedures.22-80 Specification for Flux Cored Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Electrodes Comments and inquiries concerning this standard are welcome. The revision history is shown below: AWS A5.. Miami...22-95R Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of AWS A5.``. in writing.. to the Managing Director.`. but is included for informational purposes only.```. LeJeune Road.`.`. American Welding Society..22-1975 Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Steel Electrodes AWS A5.`-`-`.22-74 Specification for Flux Cored Corrosion-Resisting ANSI W3.`--- vii Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale... They should be sent to the Managing Director. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request. Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding.) The first AWS specification for stainless steel electrodes for flux cored arc welding was issued in 1974 and approved by the American National Standards Institute a year later.`. FL 33126.W..```. 550 N. Tech- nical Services Division. American Welding Society. --```. `-`-`.. AWS A5..`.``. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`..```. --```.```....`--- viii Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.`.`..`.`...22-95R This page is intentionally blank.. ....................................................................................................................... Summary of Tests.....15 12.................................................................................................................. Acceptance .............................vii List of Tables ....................................................26 A7................... Standard Package Forms .............................................. Acceptance ..................................................................................................... 4 8............21 20................... Personnel................................ 3 Part B — Tests..................................................................33 A9................................................................................................................................................................................................``.........................................18 17.........................................................................15 13................. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Chemical Analysis.................................................................................................................... Units of Measure and Rounding-Off Procedure ........22 22..... 1 4.............................................................. Packaging .................................................................................................................................................................................................. Procedures.............................................18 16.............................................................. Identification........................................... Finish and Uniformity ...... Description and Intended Use of Electrodes and Rods . iii Foreword ........... Impact Test (E316LKT0-3 Electrodes Only)......................................... 4 7......16 Part C — Manufacture.................. Weld Test Assemblies....................................................................................................................26 A6......................................................................... Fillet Weld Test .............................................................18 18. Safety Considerations...........................................`--- Part A — General Requirements 2.....`.................................................................`............................................................... Special Tests.............................................................................................. Method of Manufacture.............12 11.............................................................x List of Figures............22-95R Table of Contents Page No.................................................................`................. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Bend Test......... Filler Metal Identification ...................................22 Annex A — Guide to AWS Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding A1................................................................................................ 3 5..................................................................................................................................... Classification........................................................................................................................................................... Ferrite in Weld Deposits .................................................. Retest...................................................................................23 A3..........18 19......................................................................................................................... and Packaging 15..................................... Scope ......................................................................................................................................................29 A8..........16 14..........................................................................................23 A2............................... 1 3...21 21.........................................`............................................................................ AWS A5.......................... Certification........................... Classification System ................................................. Certification..............................................................................................................................................................`-`-`....................................................... Winding Requirements........................................................................................ Tension Test ...................................................................................................... Standard Sizes ..25 A5..........`............................................................... Radiographic Test ....```................................................................ 4 9................ Marking of Packages.................................................................................. 1 --```........................................................................25 A4.......................x 1.....................37 ix Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale..........`..................................... Ventilation During Welding........```................................................................................................................... and Requirements 6............................................................12 10.............................................................................34 AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents .................................................... .`.............................19 List of Figures Figure Page No.........16 8 Fillet Weld Test Specimen and Dimensional Requirements ..........................```...............................................22-95R List of Tables Table Page No...13 5B Rounded Indication Standards for Radiographic Test — 3/4 in..................... and 750 mm) Spools... and Radiographic Tests..................................`-`-`...30 x Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale..`................ AWS A5..................................... and 350 mm) Spools......``....................................................... 4 5 Preheat and Interpass Temperature Requirements for Groove Weld Test Assemblies .............................................................................................20 10 Dimensions of Standard 8................................................................................................................................................................. (100 mm) Spool...............```.................19 9 Packaging Requirements.................................. 1 Pad for Chemical Analysis of Undiluted Weld Metal .................................................. 5 2 Groove Weld Assembly for Tension..........10 6 Tension Test Requirements..18 8 Standard Dimensions for Coils................................................... and Welding Process............. 2 2 Required Shielding Medium..........................15 7 Orientation and Location of Impact Test Specimen .................................................................................................................................................................................................20 11 Dimensions of 22....................................................... and Drums .......... 600................. 6 3A Groove Weld Assembly for Face Bend Test .....................`...............................................14 6 Tension Test Specimen .........................................................................................17 9 Dimensions of Standard 4 in........................................................................24 A2 WRC-1992 (FN) Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metal....................................... and 30 in......... With and Without Support.......... (200..................................................11 7 Standard Electrode and Rod Sizes and Tolerances ....... 9 5A Rounded Indication Standards for Radiographic Test — 1/2 in... and 14 in............................................................................`..........................................................................................................`.......................................................................................................................... 3 3 Examples of Potentially Occurring Dual Classified Electrodes . 8 --```...............................`......................... Plate ......................29 A4 DeLong (FN) Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metal ...... Plate ................... 3 4 Required Tests............ 7 3B Groove Weld Assembly for Root Bend Test .........21 A1 Classification System .................................................... Impact... 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT ......................................................... (550.............28 A3 Espy Percent Ferrite Diagram for Stainless Weld Metal ....................................................................... 12................. 1 Chemical Composition Requirements for Undiluted Weld Metal...................................... Polarity. 24......................................................................................................... 300..`--- 4 Preparation of Fillet Weld Test Specimen ............. Filler Metal A5. AWS A5..% of the electrode or rod. incorporation in ANSI/AWS A5. American Welding Society standards can be obtained from cation (ANSI/AWS A5.```.1 The welding electrodes and rods covered by this specification are classified according to the chemical 1. Acceptance (in the Annex). Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for and ANSI/AWS A5.01. stainless steel classifications for 98% Argon – 2% Oxygen gas shielding existed (EXXXT-2).29.29. the position of welding..2 Electrodes and rods classified under one classifica- mum values. 2. as element. Florida 33126.`-`-`. shall be derived as the balance element when all other elements are considered to be set at their specified mini. the iron content specified in Table 2. Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods.. nominal and the iron content exceeds that of any other and type of welding current with which they are used. Classification comprising at least 5 wt.1 It includes only those products whose cores contain nonmetallic ingredients 2. See Section A3.1 This specification prescribes requirements for the General Requirements classification of stainless steel electrodes for flux cored arc welding and flux cored rods for root pass welding with the gas tungsten arc process.```. Acceptance The combination of a slag covering and this shielding gas has been found to be inappropriate for flux cored arc welding and Acceptance4 of the material shall be in accordance the EXXXT-2 Classifications have therefore been deleted from with the provisions of ANSI/AWS A5. Scope Part A 1. In ANSI/AWS A5.5%3 Table 1.``. This revision includes the E502T-X and E505T-X classifications.`.W. testing of material shipped.. Table 3 lists a number of examples of such dual classification. These electrodes (although they may have differing 4. tion may be classified under any other classification of this specification provided they meet all the requirements for those classifications. 1. 550 N.22-80...22-95. the shielding medium.9. 3.`... 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . as specified in these electrodes and rods is not less than 10.`.5 2. Stainless steel products with less than 5 wt. Flux Cored Arc Welding. Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines. LeJeune Road..`--- 1 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale..2 The chromium content of undiluted weld metal from composition of the undiluted weld metal. Miami. --```. For purposes of classification. AWS A5.22-95R Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding 1.22) in the first revision following their the American Welding Society. 3.% non-metallic content are properly classified as metal cored electrodes or rods according to ANSI/AWS A5. They will be deleted from this specifi.`.`.2 2. 5. for further designators) will also be included in the next revision of ANSI/ information concerning acceptance.01. Procurement Guidelines.`. 04 0.03 23.5 — 0.5 — 0.25–0.04 0.0 — 0.5 E309T0-3 W30933 0.5 0.03 — 0.0 — 0.5 0.5 E347T0-3 W34733 0.0 8.25 0.5 E310TX-X W31031 0.03 0.0–28.03 — 0.0–3.0 — 0.0 0.5 — 0.0 — 0.0–14.0–22.`-`-`.5 1.04 0.0–25.0–12.5–2.04 0.75 1.0–25.5 E410NiTiT0-3e W41038 0.04 0.75 0.40 0.5–13. 0.03 — 0.5 1.0 9.`.0–21.0 20.5 0.04 0.04 0.5 — 0.0 9.0–11.5 E309LCbTX-X W30932 0.0 max.10–0.08 19.04 0.04–0.04 11.03 — 0.0–10.03 — 0.0 2.0 0.5 E308TX-X W30831 0.5 E308MoT0-3 W30839 0.03 — 0.04 21.5 — 0.03 — 0.0 — 0.40 0.0 0.08 18.03 17.9 — 0..0–10.0 0.03 — 0.5 E410NiMoTX-X W41036 0.5 R347T1-5 W34731 0.5–2.5 1.04 0.5 1.5 E309LCbT0-3 W30934 0.5–21.0–3.0 20.5–2..03 18.00 0. AWS A5.5 0.5 12.5–2.```.0 0.0–15.0 2.03 18.5 9.60 0.5 E410NiMoT0-3 W41036 0.03 — 0.03 — 0.04 0.0 0.0–14.0 11.0–14. (continued) 2 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.0–3.5 1.0 3.0–11.0–11.0 8.5–2.5–2.5–2.03 0.0–13.03 — 0.5 1.5–1.0 0.4 — 1.5 — 0.10 23.0–20.0–25.5–22.5 E310T0-3 W31031 0.0–12.03 — 0.0–10.2 1.04 21.0–21.5 2.5 0.5–22.2 0.5 E2209T0-X W39239 0.0–14.0 0.10 10.60 0.70 0.03 22.5 E312TX-X W31331 0.0–21.20 — 1.0 11.9–3.5 4.5 E308LMoT0-3 W30838 0.0 2.0 0. E409TX-Xe W40931 0.0–3.04 0.5–2.03 — 0.0–21.5 1.0 9.04 0.0 12.5 E308HT0-3 W30833 0.03 — 0.5–13..5–2.5 0.0 0..04 0.5 E410T0-3 W41031 0.0 0.0–11.0 0.5 4.04 0.0 9.5 1.0–12.0 — 0.0–25.03 — 0.0 — 0.5 — 0.5 — 0.04 0.5 1.0–12.5 0.08 18.03 — 0.0–14.03 — 0.04 0.03 — 0.2 0.0 9.5 — 3.5 1.5–2.5 — 0.0 0.5–2.04 18.08 18.04 0.12 19.5–2.0 — 0.5 0.5 E430T0-3 W43031 0.0 12.0 — 0.0 0.5 1.0 9.03 — 0..08–2.0 2.0–14.70 — 1.5 15.04 0.0–3.5–10.`.5 E430TX-X W43031 0.0–25.0–25.`.5 0.0–27.04 0.5 0. 0.13 19.0–10.60 0.5 E317LT0-3 W31737 0.03 — 0.0–3.5 E317LTX-X W31735 0..03 — 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.10 15.5 E2553T0-X W39533 0.0 12.0 0.0 1.12 21. E409T0-3e W40931 0.0 0.0–21.0–5.5–2.08 18.80 1.03 — 0.5 9.0–2.0 — 0.12 21.0–3.0–21.0–11.0 0.5 E308LT0-3 W30837 0.5 E308T0-3 W30833 0..0 9.03 — 0.5 E307T0-3 W30733 0.5 E309LNiMoTX-X W30936 0.10 4.04 0.5–2.03 — 0.5 R309LT1-5 W30935 0.0 0.5 E410TX-X W41031 0.04 0.0 2.5 1.83–1.8–2.0 2.5 E309MoT0-3 W30939 0.6–4.03 — 0.0 12.2 1.0–3.5 1.0 0.5 E312T0-3 W31231 0.5 E309TX-X W30931 0.0 11.5 1.5–2.20 25.04 0.0–14.0 0.04 0.0–3.5 E316TX-X W31631 0.0–21.04 0.5–2.5 1.2 1.0–21.10 15.0 0.5 — 0.0 0.0–16.0–11.5 E309LTX-X W30935 0.0–20.0–3.0 0.03 0.0 0.0 12.08 18.10 22.5–2.5 — 0.0 9.08 19.08 19.04 11.03 0.5 12.04 0.0 0.0–24.03 — 0.0 0.04 0.06 11.0–32.06 11.5 1.0 — 0.04 18.0 0.0–4.5 — 0.20 25.03 — 0.0 — 0.03 — 0.0 — 0.03 — 0.0–10.5 1.5–2.5 1.80 0.0 2.5–2.5–22.5–2.0–25.0–25.04 0.5 0.0–6.50 0.5 E308HTX-X W30831 0.5 11.0–14.70 — 1.5–2.0–12.5–2.5 1.5–2.0 0.03 — 0.5 E308MoTX-X W30832 0.03 — 0.2 0.5 11.5 EXXXTX-Gb Not Specified R308LT1-5 W30835 0.0 0.0 0.5 — 0.0 0.0 — 0.5 1.5 1.5–4.5 E308HMoT0-3 W30830 0.5 E309LT0-3 W30937 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.0–21.03 — 0.5 1.0 — 0.0–10.5 0.04 0.0 0.5–2.65 — 1.15 28.0–11.04 20.5 1.03 — 0.`.0–14.03 — 0.5 0.12 11.5 E316T0-3 W31633 0.04 0.03 — 0.60 0.5 E316LT0-3 W31637 0.0–28.75 1.5 1.03 — 0.08 18.0 1.5 8 × C min.5 1.5 1.0 0.5 9.60 0.0–4.0–20.0 — 0.0 0.04 0.04 0.0 9.04 0.5 12.2 1.`.5 — 0.0–21.0–11.0 0.30–4.0 0.0 0.60 0.04 18.04 0.12 11.0 0.5 — 1.45–0.5 1.04–0.03 — 0.0 13.5 E308LMoTX-X W30838 0.08 17.0 0.0–14.5–2.0–16.0 0.10 10.0–20.0–11.0–16.5 1.6–4..03 — 0.5 1.5–2.0 0.5–2.0 2.``.5 — 3.0 2.04 0.0 12.03 18.0 2.0 0.03 — 0.0 0.04 17.0–16.0 9.0 0.5–2.0 7.0 — 0.5 E316LTX-X W31635 0.```.0 11.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.7 1.0 0.03 — 0.0 9.04 0.5 E309LMoTX-X W30938 0.04 21.5–23.5–2.0–3. b AWS UNS Cb(Nb) Classification c Numberd C Cr Ni Mo +Ta Mn Si P S N Cu E307TX-X W30731 013 18.0–14.0–25.0 0.07–0.5 — 1.5–2.04 0.0 9.0 0.0–14.`. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .04 0.0 3.0 2.25–2.03 — 0.5 — 0.0 2.0–18.5 1.5 E308LTX-X W30835 0.5 E502TX-Xf W50231 0.0 8.0–13.20 1.5–2.0–20.0–3.0 0.0–11.0 0.40–0.5 1.0–3.00 0..5 — 0.0 0.0 9.0 0.0 1.40–0.0 2.0 9.5 1.5 1.03 — 0.0 0.0–21.04 0.0–17.0 max.04 0.5 --```.0 0.04 0.03 — 0.04 0.5 8 × C min.22-95R Table 1 Chemical Composition Requirements for Undiluted Weld Metal Weight Percent a.04 0.0 2.03 — 0.5 — 0.0 0.70 0.03 — 0.0 12.04 0.5 E410NiTiTX-Xe W41038 0.04 0.0–5.04 0.0–2.04 22.15 28.0 12.0 12.5 E309MoTX-X W30939 0.5–2..0 max.03 — 0.5 0.80 1.5 R316LT1-5 W31635 0.5–2.0 0.5 — 0. 0.0 0.04 0.50 0.04 24.5–22.0–18.0 0.5 — 1.0–21.0 3.08 18.5 — 0.0 0.`--- E505TX-Xf W50431 0.5–2.0–20.5 1.03 — 0.5 1.5 8 × C min.0 0.5 E316LKT0-3g W31630 0.5–2.04 0.03 — 0.5 E309LMoT0-3 W30938 0.0 0.04 0.70–1.03 — 0.5 1.5–10.0–3.10 8.70–1.0–11.0–3.0–22.0 3.03 23.04 17.0–32.5–1.03 — 0.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.03 — 0.5 1.5–2.5 1.0–14.5 — 1.0–14.0–20.04 0.04 0.0–25.03 18.0 1.0 0.03 — 0.03 19.5–2.2 0.0–12.5 — 1.5 1.0–11.04 0.5–2.0 0.5 0.5 E347TX-X W34731 0.0 2.0 0.30–4.5 — 1.04 22.0–25.04 0.0–21.5–1. and to the “nearest unit” in the last right-hand 3 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. AWS A5.`. or –5) as shown in the AWS Classification column in Table 2).22-80.1 U. The “X” after the “T” designates the position of operation.9 for additional information. or the classification to the 5. This alloy is designed for cryogenic applications. –4. designations to the packaging. the “X” following the “T” refers to the position of welding (1 for all-position operation or 0 for flat or horizontal operation) and the “X” following the dash refers to the shielding medium (–1. can be made if appropriate tolerances are applied in each By affixing the AWS specification6 and classification case.. g. c. for further this specification. Polarity.``. See Scope 1. b.3. product..`-`-`.3.`.`.`. In this table.3. customary units. an observed or calculated value shall information concerning acceptance and testing called for to be rounded to the nearest 1000 psi for tensile and yield meet this requirement.`. The standard The “X” after the “T” designates the position of operation. Accordingly.. Titanium — 10 × C min. strength. and for this reason conversion from a standard size or dimension in one system will not always coincide with a standard size or dimension in the other. Certification (in the Annex). Single values shown are maximum. Examples of Potentially Occurring Dual Classified Electrodes Primary Classification Alternate Classification 5. c. b. Certification able conversions..3.```. The requirement for the use of specified external shielding medium shall not be construed to restrict the use of any other medium for which the electrodes are found suitable. encompassing standard sizes of both. electrodes classified herein as either EXXXT0-1 or EXXXT1-1 would both have been classified EXXXT-1 and so forth. Table 2 Required Shielding Medium. A “0” indicates flat or horizontal operation.. see A2. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .1 and its footnote 1 regarding the elimination of the EXXXT-2 classifications that existed in the previous revision of this document.S. The letters “XXX” stand for the designation of the chemical composition (see Table 1).S.50%. In A5.7 and 2.22-95R Table 1 (continued) a. A “0” indicates flat or horizontal operation. The weld metal shall be analyzed for the specific elements in this table.8. See A2. 1. b External Shielding Medium c Welding Polarity Welding Process EXXXTX-1 CO2 dcep FCAW EXXXTX-3 none (self shielded) dcep FCAW EXXXTX-4 75–80% Argon/remainder CO2 dcep FCAW RXXXT1-5 100% Argon dcen GTAW --```. The SI units are given as equivalent values to the U... suit- 4.. See Section A4. the amount of those elements shall be determined to ensure that their total (excluding iron) does not exceed 0.`--- EXXXTX-G Not Specified d Not Specified d FCAW RXXXT1-G Not Specified d Not Specified d GTAW Notes: a. cal. a “1” indicates all position sizes and dimensions in the two systems are not identi- operation.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with 6. the manufacturer certifies that the product meets Table 3 the requirements of this specification... e.7 to 2. for any application other than the classification tests.3. ASTM/SAE Unified Number System for Metals and Alloys. f. and Welding Process AWS Classification a. If the presence of other elements is indicated in the course of this work. See A2. For information concerning the “G”. d. Units of Measure and E308HTX-1 E308TX-1 E308LTX-1 E308TX-1 Rounding-Off Procedure E308LT0-3 E308T0-3 5. h. a “1” indicates all position operation. the position of welding was not included in the classification.3. See Footnote 3 on Page 1.7 and 2.. However.8 of the Appendix. customary units are the standard units of mea- E308LTX-1 E308LTX-4 E309LT1-1 E309T0-1 sure in this specification.`.5% max. d.```. . In case of dispute..`. Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Con- formance with Specifications. the weld Race Street.`. 4 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. 1916 need to make the weld pad. Pennsylvania 19103. When required by Table 4. tests specified in Table 4..`. Recommended Practice for manufactured. the 8.. In trode or rod any case in which that size is not manufactured. Weld Test Assemblies the chemical composition. They are as follows: ing procedures to be employed and the results required (1) The weld pad in Figure 1 for chemical analysis of are given in Sections 8 through 14. Table 4 Required Tests Chemical Radiographic Tension Face Bend Root Bend Impact Fillet Weld Analysis Test Test Test Test Test Test E2XXXT0-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* NR* E3XXT0-X Required Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* E316LKT0-3 Required Required Required Required NR* Required NR* E4XXT0-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* NR* E5XXT0-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* NR* E2XXXT1-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* Required E3XXT1-X Required Required Required Required NR* NR* Required E4XXT1-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* Required E5XXT1-X Required Required Required NR* NR* NR* Required R3XXT1-5 Required Required Required NR* Required NR* NR* *Not required (see A2. 6.6 mm) size of electrode and rod.1 The tests required for each classification are specified in Table 4. The bend tests are conducted on the or from a corresponding location (or any location above it) in the groove weld in Figure 2..```. The base quired (according to the classification under test) for the metal for the weld test assemblies. Philadelphia.. The tests for mechanical (3) The groove weld in Figure 3 for the bend test properties and soundness are conducted on weld metal (4) The fillet weld in Figure 4 for usability of the elec- from the 1/16 in.7 7.`. For chemical analysis. thereby avoiding the 7. The purpose of these tests is to determine 8.``. (1. 6..`--- usability and the soundness of the weld metal.`. pad shall be the referee method. Retest If the results of any test fail to meet the requirement.3. retest need be only for those specific elements that failed to meet the test requirement.1 Between two and four weld test assemblies are re- --```. impact. the other quantities in accordance with the rounding-off fillet weld tests shall be conducted on all diameters method given in ASTM E29. the undiluted weld metal (2) The groove weld in Figure 2 for tension. and Requirements may be taken from the original test assembly or a new test assembly.8).. Specimens for retest Tests. AWS A5.```. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . ASTM specifications may be obtained from ASTM. Procedures. Summary of Tests 6.2 Chemical analysis is required from weld metal from and radiographic testing of the weld metal each size of electrode and rod. that test shall be repeated twice.`..`-`-`. the welding and test.. the mechanical properties. The results of both re- Part B tests shall meet the requirement. the size The sample for chemical analysis may be taken from closest to it that is manufactured shall be used for the the reduced section of the fractured tension test specimen classification tests.22-95R place of figures used in expressing the limiting value for largest size manufactured. Base metal for each as. Low. Minimum Minimum Distance of Sample from Surface Diameter L W H of Base Plate AWS Classification in.. maximum. Grade 70 8. the base metal shall be steel of 0. fication as that being classified.`.7 3/8 9. and impact tests.0 R3XXT1-5 0. The top surface shall be removed and chemical analysis samples shall be taken from the underlying metal of the top layer of the remaining deposited metal. b.052 1. The use of copper chill bars is optional.. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .7 E5XXTX-X 5/64 2.. Type 304 stainless steel may be used when test.90 0.2. are deposited in --```.035 0. The first and last inch (25 mm) of the weld length shall be disregarded. For chemical analysis of these Strength.4 3-1/2 88 1 25 3/4 19 5/8 16 7/64 2. 8.045 1.`. mm in.04 wt.25 percent carbon. c.`.4 and 8.2 3 75 3/4 19 1/2 12. Grade C low-carbon classifications. the steel to be used shall be of a match. Plates.% carbon or less (low- Plates. Pressure Vessel cations except those with 0.3. Notes: a.2. Figure 1—Pad for Chemical Analysis of Undiluted Weld Metal 8. a matching type or Type 304 stainless steel.03 percent maximum carbon or other steels having a (2) ASTM specification A36.8 5/64 2. Carbon Steel.. the base metal shall be of ing type.22-95R Weld Pad Size..```.3 For face bend test. mm in.```. 8. providing two buttering layers of filler metal as shown in Figure 2.25 percent maximum with the further (3) ASTM specification A515. or an equivalent: tions or their equivalents.2 For the all-weld-metal tension.5.3. for Intermediate-and Higher- Temperature Service.. the steel may conform to one of the following specifica- sembly shall conform to the following.6 3 75 3/4 19 5/8 16 1/2 12.. mm in. AWS A5.. mm in.087 2. mm 0. Carbon Steel. 5 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.1 The base metal shall be steel (carbon. prescribed in 8.2. radiographic.`. for chemical analysis of all electrode classifi- (1) ASTM specification A285. Width and thickness of the base plate may be any dimensions suitable for the electrode diameter and current use. Pressure Vessel restrictions specified in 8.2 3 75 3/4 19 3/8 10 1/4 7.and Intermediate-Tensile carbon classifications).``.3 E316LKT0-3 E4XXTX-X 1/16 1.5 E3XXTX-X 0.`.4 Number of passes per layer is optional.. stringer beads using electrodes or rods of the same classi- stainless steel or ingot iron) of 0.`--- 8.0 E2XXXTX-X 3/32 2. Optionally.0 3/32 2.2 Preparation of each weld test assembly shall be as ing any of the E3XXTX-X classifications.`-`-`. Structural Steel carbon content of 0.2.`. alloy.. `. mm in.7 3/8 9.. mm in.`. mm Layer 1 and 2 Layer 3 to Top Layers 0. mm 1/4 6.`.045 1.4 E5XXTX-X E2XXXTX-X 7/64 2.``.7 1/4 6....0 E4XXTX-X 3/32 2.`--- R3XXT1-5 0. 2.6 3/4 19 3/8 9.. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .5 1 or 2 2. For E316LKT0-3 test assemblies.2 1/2 12. Figure 2—Groove Weld Assembly for Tension.035 0.052 1.`. Notes: 1.087 2. 3.. and Radiographic Tests 6 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.```.0 5/64 2.4 1 or 2 2 or 3* 5 to 8 3/32 2. or 4 6 to 9 0.0 --```.8 1/8 3.`-`-`.4 *Final layer may be 4 passes.```. Impact..4 E3XXTX-X 1/16 1.4 1 25 5 125 10 250 (T) (R) Recommended Diameter Plate Thickness Root Openings Recommended Passes per Layer AWS Number of Classification in.`. length may be extended as needed for Charpy V-notch impact specimens..22-95R SI Equivalents in.5 1 or 2 2 or 3* 5 to 8 E316LKTO-3 5/64 2..9 1/2 12.`. The dimensions for the tensile test specimen shall conform to Figure 6.2 5/32 4. AWS A5..2 0. ```..0 ⎪ 2 50 3/32 2.2 in.4 ⎭ 6 150 7/64 2.90 ⎫ 3/8 9.045 1.`.4 0.. in.6 Suggested 1/8 3.`--- SI Equivalents All dimensions except angles are in inches.`.. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .7 1/16 1.0 ⎭ *Top layer must be 2 passes minimum. mm Layer 1 Layers 2 to Top Number of Layers 1/4 6.`..`. Figure 3A—Groove Weld Assembly for Face Bend Test 7 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.6 ⎬ 1 2 to 3 3 to 5 1 25 5/64 2.```.5 0.`.. AWS A5...`.`-`-`.2 ⎪ 1/2 12.22-95R --```.8 ⎫ 1/8 3...035 0.2 ⎬ 1 1 to 2 2 to 4 5/32 4.. mm Electrode Diameter Suggested Passes Per Layer 1/16 1.``. . 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . mm Layer 1 Layers 2 Completion 1/8 3.087 2.`-`-`.`.4 Classification in.2 ⎧ 5/64 2...5 R3XXT1-5 ⎨ 0. AWS A5.7 ⎩ 3/32 2.`.0 ⎫ 3/8 9...`.`.``.8 1/16 1..`..6 AWS Layer 3 to 3/32 2.2 ⎬ 1 1 As required 1/2 12..`..22-95R SI Equivalents All dimensions except angles are in inches. mm Diameter Passes Per Layer 1/32 0.```.```. in..`--- 8 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.4 ⎭ 2 50 6 150 Figure 3B—Groove Weld Assembly for Root Bend Test --```. .. mm 3/8 9.. AWS A5.`. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`..5 2 50 3 75 8 200 Figure 4—Preparation of Fillet Weld Test Specimen --```.`...```.22-95R SI Equivalents in...```.`.`--- 9 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.``..`-`-`.`..`. 2. for each size of electrode or rod.`.2. and 13 with or without a postweld than four layers may be required to obtain undiluted weld heat treatment as specified in Table 6. using base metal of the appropriate type speci. The pad shall be welded in the flat position with EXXXTX-X —————— Not Specified —————— multiple beads and multiple layers to obtain undiluted weld metal.4 The assembly shall be tested as specified 8. 8. These temperatures are quenched in water) to a temperature within the range measured mid-length of the assembly at a distance of specified in Table 5. Chemical Analysis.4.3.2. The amperage or wire feed speed and the arc voltage shall be as recommended by the manufacturer. Those temperatures are five degrees shall be discarded. A welded test assembly that has warped more than shall be as specified in Table 5.3 Weld Pad AWS Classification °F °C °F °C 8. The slag shall be removed after each pass.1. the assembly shall be allowed to cool in air (not shall be as specified in Table 5. Weld test assem- test assembly shall be preset or sufficiently restrained blies shall not be straightened. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .1. The preheat temperature shall be not less *Except for E410TX-X.. as applicable.2 and 8. and the amperage or wire feed speed degrees.4.1.4. the assembly shall be allowed to cool in as shown in Figure 1.1. for the classifica- metal when base metal containing more than 0. Welded test assemblies measured mid-length of the assembly at a distance of shall not be straightened.1.03 per. More in Sections 10.2.1 A weld pad shall be prepared as shown in Fig- ure 1 (except when one of the alternatives to a weld pad E2XXXTX-X 60 16 300 150 in 8.```. The pad may be quenched in water between 1 in.4.. 9.3 The preheat and interpass temperatures pass.1 A test assembly shall be prepared and welded as specified in Figure 2 and in 8. (25 mm) from the centerline of the weld. and 8.4. 10 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.1 is selected)..`. which shall be 400°F (204°C) minimum preheat and 600°F (316°C) maximum interpass temperature..2.2 Bend Test (i.22-95R --```.4 Groove Weld welded as shown in Figure 3A or 3B. These passes (if the pad is to be used for ferrite determination.2. welding process specified in Table 2. cent carbon is used with the low-carbon classifications 8. The than five degrees shall be discarded..4.``. 1 in.4. and the amperage or wire feed speed and arc voltage recommended by the 8.2.e. The shielding medium and polarity shall be as specified in Table 2. The test assembly shall be preset or suffi- flat position using the shielding medium and polarity ciently restrained to prevent warpage in excess of five shown in Table 2. see A6. 11. polarity.3.4.2 The pad shall be at least four layers high.3.2 shall be E3XXTX-X 60 16 300 150 R3XXT1-5 60 16 300 150 used as the base for the weld pad. The surface of the base E4XXTX-X* 300 150 500 260 metal on which the filler metal is deposited shall be E5XXTX-X 300 150 500 260 clean. those with the letter “L” in the designation)..2 The test assembly shall be welded in the manufacturer.4 using base metal of the appropriate type specified in 8.1 A test assembly shall be prepared and 8. The dimensions of the completed pad shall be After each pass.. 8..4. air (not quenched in water) to a temperature within the Testing of this assembly shall be as specified in Section range specified in Table 5.`--- 8.`. tion under test. and fied in 8.2 The test assembly shall be welded in the 8.`.```.`.`-`-`.2.. After each 8.1 Mechanical Properties and Soundness specified in 8..4.4 For the fillet weld test.`. than 60°F (16°C)..4. temperatures are required also for all buttering passes. (25 mm) from the centerline of the weld.3 The preheat and interpass temperatures grees. flat position using the shielding medium. during welding to prevent warpage in excess of five de- 8. A welded test assembly that has warped more and arc voltage recommended by the manufacturer. the steel to be used shall conform to the following specifications: Table 5 (1) For 300 series electrodes—matching or Type 304 Preheat and Interpass stainless steel Temperature Requirements for (2) For 400 or 500 series electrodes—matching or Groove Weld Test Assemblies carbon steel Temperature (3) For duplex alloy electrodes—matching or Type 304 stainless steel Minimum Maximum 8.2 through 8.1.9).2. Base metal as specified in 8.4.4. 8.2. AWS A5. `.`--- E2553TX-X 110 760 15 None EXXXTX-G —————————————————— Not Specified —————————————————— R308LT1-5 75 520 35 None R309LT1-5 75 520 30 None R316LT1-5 70 485 30 None R347T1-5 75 520 30 None Notes: a. b. e. then furnace cooled to 600°F (316°C) at a rate not to exceed 100°F (55°C) per hour. 11 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. the “X” following the “T” refers to the position of welding (1 for all-position or 0 for flat or horizontal operation) and the “X” following the dash refers to the shielding medium (–1. The weld test assembly (or the blank from it. then furnace cooled to 1100°F (593°C) at a rate not to exceed 100°F (55°C) per hour.```. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . held for 4 hours.... c.``. The weld test assembly (or the blank from it.`. then cooled in air to room temperature. minimum Elongation Percent. from which the tensile test specimen is to be machined) shall be heated to a temperature between 1100 and 1150°F (593 and 621°C). then cooled in air to room temperature. The weld test assembly (or the blank from it.. AWS A5. from which the tensile test specimen is to be machined) shall be heated to a temperature between 1550 and 1600°F (840 and 870°C). held for 1 hour.```. Heat Treatment E307TX-X 85 590 30 None E308TX-X 80 550 35 None E308LTX-X 75 520 35 None E308HTX-X 80 550 35 None E308MoTX-X 80 550 35 None E308LMoTX-X 75 520 35 None E309TX-X 80 550 30 None E309LCbTX-X 75 520 30 None E309LTX-X 75 520 30 None E309MoTX-X 80 550 25 None E309LMoTX-X 75 520 25 None E309LNiMoTX-X 75 520 25 None E310TX-X 80 550 30 None E312TX-X 95 660 22 None E316TX-X 75 520 30 None E316LTX-X 70 485 30 None E317LTX-X 75 520 20 None E347TX-X 75 520 30 None E409TX-X 65 450 15 None E410TX-X 75 520 20 (b) E410NiMoTX-X 110 760 15 (c) E410NiTiTX-X 110 760 15 (c) E430TX-X 65 450 20 (d) E502TX-X 60 415 20 (e) E505TX-X 60 415 20 (e) E308HMoT0-3 80 550 30 None E316LKT0-3 70 485 30 None E2209TX-X 100 690 20 None --```. held for 2 hours.. In this table.22-95R Table 6 Tension Test Requirements Tensile Strength.. The weld test assembly (or the blank from it.`.. then furnace cooled to 1100°F (593°C) at a rate not to exceed 100°F (55°C) per hour. d. held for 1 hour. from which the tensile test specimen is to be machined) shall be heated to a temperature between 1400 and 1450°F (760 and 788°C)..`.`.`.`-`-`.. then cooled in air to room temperature. Postweld AWS Classification a ksi MPa Min. –3 or –4) as shown in the AWS Classification. from which the tensile test specimen is to be machined) shall be heated to a temperature between 1350 and 1400°F (732 and 760°C).. then cooled in air to room temperature. 2. 8. Both surfaces of the test as- the joint before beginning welding on the second sembly.`.1 produced with (4) rounded indications in excess of those permitted the filler metal and shielding medium with which they by the radiographic standards in Figure 5A or 5B. the groove weld de- --```.5.4.5.4 The results of the analysis shall meet the require- will be intimate contact along the entire length of the ments of Table 1 for the classification of electrode or rod joint.5 Fillet Weld ing more than 0. the assembly shall be cooled to room temperature scribed in 8.2 The sample for analysis shall be taken from weld (2) incomplete fusion metal obtained from either the weld pad prepared accord.5. in the area of the weld. the standing member (web) shall have one Iron Alloys.2. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .2.`. In before commencing to weld on the second side (see note preparation for radiography.`.4.5 The fillet weld shall be deposited on the second side of the joint with the same procedure used for the fil.. Standard Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing. free of slag and all other foreign materials. methods. and arc voltage recommended by the manufacturer.4. the backing shall be re- below).3 The soundness of the weld metal meets the require- 9. letter “L” in the designation).03 percent of carbon are used for the pad. 10.3 A single-pass fillet weld shall be deposited on one side of the joint. shall be smooth enough side.`. Test- ing of the assembly shall be as specified in Section 14. Heat-Re- 8.`-`-`. 9.4 mm).`--- joint. The sample shall be electrodes or solid wire electrodes.. to avoid difficulty in interpreting the radiograph. The referee method shall be ASTM Standard Method E353. weld metal and at least the minimum height above the trodes. moved and both surfaces of the weld shall be machined or ground smooth and flush with the original surfaces of Note: If water is used as the coolant. The sample may have to be taken from a higher level for weld 8. and using the shielding medium and polar. 8.1 Flux cored electrodes and rods shall be analyzed in of the following: the form of weld metal. 10.1 Fillet weld tests.5.. (1) cracks 9. or from a in Figure 4 using base metal of the appropriate type spec. which shall be straight and smooth.4.. groove weld in Figure 2.5.3 or one of the alternatives in 8. shall be performed in the vertical and overhead positions. metal cored base metal as specified in Figure 1. applicable 12 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. as are classified. Chemical Analysis of Stainless. shall be prepared for analysis ity shown in Table 2 and the amperage or wire feed speed by any suitable mechanical means. the welding shall progress upwards. care should the base metal or with a uniform reinforcement not ex- be taken that it has been thoroughly removed from ceeding 3/32 in. Maraging and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel- assembly. corresponding location (or any location above it) in the ified in 8.2. Bend Test..``.```. 8.2 In preparing the two plates forming the test sisting. flux cored electrodes or rods.1 and shown in Figure 2 shall be radio- (but not less than 60°F [16°C]) by any convenient means graphed to evaluate the soundness of the weld metal. pad shall be taken from material above the third layer of ilar classification of shielded metal arc welding elec. (2. not filler metal. Radiographic Test 8. edge prepared so that when the web is set upon the base plate (flange). When welding in the vertical position. there 9.22-95R 8. The quality level of inspection shall be 2-2T. when base metals contain- 8. AWS A5.4 The third and subsequent layers of the test 9. (3) incomplete penetration ing to 8. 10. under test.```.4 After completing the weld on the first side of the 10.1 When required in Table 4.1 The sample for analysis of weld metal from the assembly for R3XXT1-5 rods may be welded with a sim. in the as-welded condition.. 9.2 The sample of weld metal from the reduced A test assembly shall be prepared and welded as shown section of the fractured tension test specimen..2 The weld shall be radiographed in accordance with let weld on the first side.. Chemical Analysis ments of this specification if the radiograph shows none 9.`... ASTM E142.`. when required by Table 4.3 The sample shall be analyzed by accepted analytical Fillet Weld Test.5 The assembly shall be tested as specified metal from the low-carbon classifications (those with the in Section 12.2. `...`-`-`. the radiographic requirements for these test welds are more rigid than those which may be required for general fabrication.... AWS A5..`.`..`..``.```.`.```. Figure 5A—Rounded Indication Standards for Radiographic Test—1/2 in.`--- Notes: 1.. In using these standards. Since these are test welds specifically made in the laboratory for classification purposes.22-95R --```. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Plate 13 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.`. 2. the chart which is most representative of the size of the rounded indications present in the test specimen radiograph shall be used for determining conformance to these radiographic standards.. . 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`.`--- Notes: 1....```.22-95R --```. 2.`.`-`-`.```.`... Since these are test welds specifically made in the laboratory for classification purposes..``. In using these standards.`. Plate 14 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.. Figure 5B—Rounded Indication Standards for Radiographic Test—3/4 in. the radiographic requirements for these test welds are more rigid than those which may be required for general fabrication..`. AWS A5..`. the chart which is most representative of the size of the rounded indications present in the test specimen radiograph shall be used for determining conformance to these radiographic standards. `.18 0.``.. 2.0. min... The dimensions of the specimen shall (19 mm) thick test assembly: no individual slag inclusion be as shown in Figure 6. Rounded indications may be circular or irregular in shape. (150 mm) length of the 3/4 in. Dimensions G and C shall be as shown.2 1/2 0. (0..3.. (11 mm) for all slag inclusions machined from the groove weld described in 8.6 32 Notes: 1. but the ends may be of any shape required to fit the testing machine. in. Dimensions of Specimen. AWS A5.010 2.1 A rounded indication is an indication (on the 11. Test Assembly Approximate Area.25 . 12. 3.250 ± 0. 12.005 1.05 Dimensions of Specimen.`--- cluding any tail that may be present. (12 mm) for all slag inclusions 11. The finish of the surface within the C dimension shall be no rougher than 63 µin.. 1 in. in- 12. min.. The difference shall not exceed one percent of the diameter. (150 mm) length of the 1/2 in.4. width.000 ± 0. in. The diameter of the specimen within the gage length shall be slightly smaller at the center than at the ends. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .```. Figure 3A. Figure 6—Tension Test Specimen 15 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. shown in Figure 2.`.`. (7.005 1-1/4 3/8 0. as long as the load is kept axial.1 Electrodes 10.13 32 9.4 ± 0. (25 mm) of the weld Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds. weld test assembly described in 8. mm Test Assembly Approximate Area.7 ± 0. The indications may be of porosity.2 and shown in ments of this specification. mm2 19 12.3 The results of the tension test shall meet the require- radiograph) whose length is no more than three times its ments specified in Table 6.4 mm) shall be disregarded.4.`.5 4.. in excess of 9/32 in.1 and (b) in any 6 in. In evaluating the radiograph.22-95R (5)(a) in any 6 in.000 ± 0.5 129 12..3.005 2-1/4 3/4 0.51 ± 0.6 mm) and a maximum total 11.38 (3/8) 0. Test as.2 The specimen shall be tested in the manner described in the tension test section of ANSI/AWS B4. shall be machined from the groove in the radiographic standards do not meet the require. Thickness D G C B F.`-`-`.7 6.4 ± 0.1 One longitudinal face bend specimen.`. The size of a rounded indication is the largest dimension of the indication. Thickness D G C B F.500 ± 0. (1.13 57 19 9.```.1 One all-weld-metal tension test specimen shall be length of 7/16 in. Bend Test --```.13 25. on each end of the test assembly shall be disregarded.`..2 3/4 0. and they may have tails. (5. Tension Test (13 mm) thick test assembly: no individual slag inclusion longer than 7/32 in. as re- semblies with indications in excess of the sizes permitted quired in Table 4. 11.1 mm) and a maximum total length of 15/32 in. 10.2 Indications whose largest dimension does not exceed 1/64 in. or tungsten inclusions.6 µm).1. Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds. trapped slag. (10 mm by 14.0... the highest and lowest lateral expansion values assembly described in 8. Typical bending jigs are shown in --```.```. shall Mechanical Testing of Welds...0. The entire positioned so that the root of the weld is in tension.`--- ANSI/AWS B4. polished and etched.2 The five specimens shall be tested at a temperature of –320°F (–196°C) in accordance with the impact test 14.`.2.2 The legs and convexity of each fillet weld shall be within the limits prescribed in Figure 8.4.2.`-`-`. the visual examination.`. shall be disregarded. 14.394 in. by .4 mm) Electrodes Only) by actual measurement. The cross-sectional surface shall be no defects on the tension face greater than 1/8 in. 13. The remaining three impact specimens shall exhibit a lateral expansion of 0. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . After conform to the designated radius. 16 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.015 in.2 Scribe lines shall be placed on the prepared surface.1.3 After bending.0. when required in Table 4...5 and Figure 4. 12. machining. as shown in Figure 8. 12..4 mm) minimum when tested at –320°F (–196°C). and porosity.1 Five full size. in 14. as re. Fillet Weld Test through a radius of 3/4 in.0. Standard Methods for 14.1 The fillet weld test.4 The welds shall be reasonably free from un- with ASTM E23. and the weld metal shall show shown in Figure 4. the bend test specimen shall defects that would affect the strength of the weld.. The specimen shall be positioned so that the face of the weld is in tension. Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact dercutting. (0..`. .394 in.```. shall be machined from the groove weld results. overlap.2.2.2 Rods 12.2 mm). (19 mm). with appropriate al- lowance for springback. 12. and then examined as required (3. The specimen shall be be made in accordance with 8. (19 mm). Typical bending jigs are shown in ANSI/AWS B4.1. The corners on the face side of the specimen shall be slightly rounded by filing or grinding.2 mm).2. and the leg length and the convex- 13. All corners on the root side of the specimen shall be slightly rounded by filing or grinding. Grinding of the face surface of the specimen shall follow. The weld shall be free from cracks or other open 12. 14.`. cracks.2 Backing strip and weld reinforcement shall be removed by machining.2 and shown in Figure 3B..1 One longitudinal root bend specimen.2.1 Both fillet welds shall have penetration to or 10mm) Charpy V-notch impact specimens (see Figure 7) beyond the junction of the edges of the plates.`.`.``.2. Grinding of both faces of the specimen shall follow.3 After bending. Impact Test (E316LKT0-3 ity shall be determined to the nearest 1/64 in. In evaluating the test quired in Table 4. with appropriate al. Note: Specimen size to be in accordance with ANSI/AWS B4.. 13. a cross section shall be taken as lowance for springback. 13. and the weld metal shall show Figure 7—Orientation and Location no defects on the tension face greater than 1/8 in. The longitudinal face bend test specimen shall be uniformly bent through 180 degrees over a radius of 3/4 in. of Impact Test Specimen (3.2 Weld reinforcement shall be removed by (0. shall be machined from the test assembly (see Figure 2) for testing of E316LKT0-3 electrodes. AWS A5. Testing of Metallic Materials.22-95R 12.3 Lateral expansion shall be measured in accordance 14. The longitudinal root bend specimen shall be bent uniformly 14. the bend test specimen shall conform to the designated radius.2.3 The fillet welds shall show no evidence of section of ANSI/AWS B4. face of the completed fillet weld shall be examined visu- ally. 4 1/8 3. Figure 8—Fillet Weld Test Specimen and Dimensional Requirements 17 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.`. Fillet weld size..2 5/64 2.6 13/64 5.3 3/32 2..8 mm]) on a section laid out with scribed lines shown.`.8 5/64 2.4 5/32 4. mm 1/8 or less 3.7 3/32 2.``. convexity.`..0 3/64 1. --```.6 5/64 2..0 5/64 2.4 5/32 4.7 3/32 2.`.`.. and leg lengths of fillet welds shall be determined by actual measurement (nearest 1/32 [0.`--- 2.0 1/32 0.0 5/64 2.0 3/8 or more 9.0 3/32 2.0 15/64 6.4 17/64 6.6 3/16 4... mm in.6 5/64 2.4 5/64 2.4 7/64 2.4 1/4 6.4 7/64 2..0 3/32 2.2 5/64 2.2 5/16 8. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .0 5/64 2.2 11/64 4.8 9/32 7.4 9/64 3.`..8 19/64 7.4 9/64 3.5 3/32 2.4 5/64 2.6 23/64 9.5 3/32 2. mm in.8 9/64 3..4 1/8 3.22-95R Maximum Difference Between Measured Fillet Weld Size Maximum Convexity Fillet Weld Legs in.```.0 1/16 1.0 3/64 1.0 7/32 5. Size of fillet weld = leg length of largest inscribed isosceles right triangle.0 1/16 1.2 21/64 8.`-`-`.6 11/32 8.2 5/32 4.0 3/32 2.1 3/32 2.```.0 5/64 2.1 3/32 2. AWS A5.0 Notes: 1. weights other than these shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. mm in. spools.8 ⎨ ±0. mm ⎫ 0. +0.062) 1.109) 2. 18. 17. (915 mm +0. –13 mm). 18. –1/2 in. scratches.2 Each continuous length of filler metal shall be from a single lot of material... sizes and Table 7. coils without support..`.3 Core ingredients shall be distributed with sufficient 15.9 ⎧ ⎪ 0. and 11).3 Spools shall be designed and constructed to prevent that would adversely affect the welding characteristics.003 ±0.1 Standard package forms are straight lengths.052 1..`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale..002 ±0.. Table 7 Standard Electrode and Rod Sizes and Tolerances a Diameter Tolerance Package Form in. Standard Package Forms 18. Method of Manufacture uniformity throughout the length of the electrode or rod The electrodes and rods classified according to this so as not to adversely affect performance or properties of specification may be manufactured by any method that the weld metal. Welds.094) 2.156) 4.125) 3. when present. Other sizes and forms shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier. free of slivers.4 ⎩ Notes: a.035 0.2 ⎨ ±0.0 ⎧ Straight Lengths b ⎬ 0.0 ⎩ ⎫ 5/64 (0. b.2 ⎪ Coils with Support Spools ⎬ 0. laps (exclusive of the longitudinal joint).003 ±0.2 ⎪ ⎭ 5/32 (0.4 ⎪ Coils with Support Drums ⎬ 7/64 (0.087 2.```. and drums.078) 2. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .0 ⎧ Coils without Support ⎪ 3/32 (0. AWS A5. Finish and Uniformity and constructed to prevent distortion of the coil during normal handling and use and shall be clean and dry 17. 18 --```.`. cleanliness of the filler metal (see Figures 9.094) 2. coils 16.`.`.`.2 The liners in coils with support shall be designed 17.. shall have Manufacture. seams. scale. and been made so as not to interfere with the uniform. Standard Sizes with support. unin- Packaging terrupted feeding of the filler metal on automatic and semiautomatic equipment. or the properties use and shall be clean and dry enough to maintain the of the weld metal. Length shall be 36 in.4 ⎨ ±0.. depressions.`-`-`.6 ⎩ ⎫ 5/64 (0.`..22-95R Part C 17. 10.08 Spools ⎪ 1/8 (0.``.078) 2.1 All filler metal shall have a smooth finish that is enough to maintain the cleanliness of the filler metal. Standard package dimensions and weights for each form Standard sizes for electrodes and rods are shown in are given in Tables 8 and 9. and foreign matter 18.```. will produce material that meets the requirements of this specification.045 1. Identification. distortion of the filler metal during normal handling and the operation of the welding equipment.08 ⎭ 3/32 (0. Package forms..05 ⎪ ⎪ ⎭ 1/16 (0. 14. Tolerance on net weight shall be ±10 percent. mm 12 300 12 ± 1/8 300 ± 3 4-5/8 120 15-1/2 400 22-1/2 570 20 500 23 600 Note: Other forms shall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier. 50.. Electrode Size lb kg in.`-`-`. 14. and 10 ⎪ OD 12 300 25. Sizes and net weights other than those specified may be supplied as agreed between supplier and purchaser.. Outside Diameter in. AWS A5. As agreed between supplier and purchaser.4 below) ID 12 300 25.`.`.```. mm in.. With and Without Support..5.. and 35 11.7 and 1.22-95R Table 8 Standard Dimensions for Coils.. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`.. 30. mm in.4 6-3/4 ± 1/8 170 ± 3 3 75 All ⎬ 25 and 30 11 and 14 12 ± 1/8 300 ± 3 2-1/2 or 4-5/8 65 or 120 ⎭ 50 and 60 23 and 27 12 ± 1/8 300 ± 3 4-5/8 120 Notes: a. 30. mm ⎫ 14 6.`--.```. and Drums Coils Drums Without Support With Support Inside Diameter Inside Diameter Width of Wound of Coil of Liner Electrode.`.8. and 16 Spools ⎬ OD 14 350 50 and 60 23 and 27 ⎪ OD 22 550 250 110 ⎪ OD 24 600 300 140 ⎭ OD 30 750 600 and 750 170 and 340 ⎫ OD 15-1/2 400 As specified by purchaser c Drums ⎬ OD 20 500 As specified by purchaser c ⎭ OD 23 575 300 and 600 140 and 270 Coils with Support — Standard Dimensions and Weights a Coil Dimensions Coil Net Weight b Inside Diameter of Liner Width of Wound Electrode.`. Max. 23. --```. Table 9 Packaging Requirements a Package Size Net Weight of Electrode b Type of Package in.1 ⎪ OD 8 200 10. and 27 ⎫ OD 4 100 1-1/2 and 2-1/2 0. mm lb kg Coils without Support As specified by purchaser As specified by purchaser c Coils with Support (see ID 6-3/4 170 14 6. and 60 11.. max.``. b. and 22 4. c. 15.. mm in. 19 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.`. mm in. 6.. .630 16 1-3/4 44 4 100 All dimensions except angles are in inches. mm 0. Figure 9— Dimensions of Standard 4 in. inside diameter of barrel... shall be such that swelling of the barrel or misalignment of the barrel and flanges will not result in the inside diameter of the barrel being less than the inside diameter of the flanges. shall be such as to permit proper feeding of the filler metals.13 1/32 0.8 0. Spool Size C Dimension D Dimension (maximum) SI Equivalents in.`-`-`. mm in.`.`.. 2. outside diameter of barrel.005 0.`. outside diameter of barrel.22-95R SI Equivalents --```.. AWS A5.4 8 200 2-5/32 ± 1/32 55 ± 1 8 205 1/16 1.`--- in. 12. 300 and 350 mm) Spools 20 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.`. Notes: 1.`. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`. Dimension B.6 8 200 2-7/8 ± 1/16 75 ± 2 8 205 7/16 11 12 300 4 ± 1/16 100 ± 2 12 305 1-3/4 44 14 350 4 ± 1/16 100 ± 2 14 355 2-1/32 52 Note: Dimension B. mm 1/64 0.```..``.. mm in. mm in. (100 mm) Spool All dimensions except angles are in inches.. Figure 10 — Dimensions of Standard 8. shall be such as to permit proper feeding of the electrode. Dimension C. (200.```... and 14 in. . spool.6 1/8 3 22 550 22 ± 1/2 550 ± 12. and 30 in.. in a prominent location on the outside of one flange of and drums shall be such that the filler metal will feed in the spool. and drum.7 12 300 11/16 18 24 600 24 ± 1/2 600 ± 12. 20. the inside end of the coil.`.```. 20.`--- All dimensions except angles are in inches. 21 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. mm in. supplier.22-95R --```. sharp bends.. spools. Figure 11—Dimensions of 22. shall be such as to permit proper feeding of the electrode. 600.`. outside diameter of barrel.5 Drums shall have the information securely affixed to the side of the drum.2 Coils without support shall have a tag containing this information securely attached to the filler metal at 19.7 13-1/2 338 2-1/2 63 Note: Dimension B.7 13-1/2 338 1-5/16 33 30 750 30 ± 1/2 770 ± 12. 24.`. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . 20. (550.```.3 Coils with support shall have the information tion.1 The filler metal shall be wound so that kinks. lengths is not a requirement of this specification. mm 1/16 1.. 20. Filler Metal Identification 20. Marking of Packages.6 Identification of individual welding rods in straight 20. Winding Requirements 20.`..`..2 The cast and helix of filler metal in coils.. or wedging are not encountered. AWS A5.``.`. leaving the filler metal free to unwind without restric. and 750 mm) Spools 19. SI Equivalents Spool Size D Dimension Maximum C Dimension in.`-`-`. The outside end of the filler metal (the end with securely affixed in a prominent location on the support.4 Spools shall have the information securely affixed 19.. mm in. but may formation required in Section 21. mm in. be done as agreed upon between the purchaser and shall also appear on each coil. which welding is to begin) shall be accessible and se- cured to avoid unwinding.. waves. an uninterrupted manner in automatic and semiautomatic equipment..1 The product information and the precautionary in. package.1 The following product information (as a minimum) • Keep your head out of the fumes. or heat number Welding. 550 N. Cutting and Allied Processes.. ear. shall be legibly marked so as to be visible from the out. DO NOT REMOVE THIS INFORMATION --```.`. control. Filler metal shall be suitably packaged to ensure Read and understand this information. mal conditions. available from the on all packages of welding electrodes or rods.22-95R 21.1.`--- 22 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.. 29 CFR 1910.```. (2) Supplier’s name and trade designation • Do not touch electrical parts.W. ELECTRIC SHOCK can kill. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs). including U..`. Packaging WARNING: Protect yourself and others.. Government Printing Office.`.```.. OSHA Safety and minimum) shall be prominently displayed in legible print Health Standards.. against damage during shipment and storage under nor- FUMES AND GASES can be dangerous to your health. and body protection.`.`-`-`.S. DC individual unit packages enclosed within a larger 20402. AWS A5. 22. or both. to keep fumes and gases away from your breathing (1) AWS specification and classification designation zone and the general area.`. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .``. • Use enough ventilation. Marking of Packages instructions. Washington. • Before use read and understand the manufacturer’s 22..2 The following precautionary information (as a Road. Safety in (4) Lot. and your employer’s safety practices. published by the American Welding Society. exhaust at the arc.`. (3) Size and net weight • See American National Standard Z49.. LeJeune 22. Florida 33126.. Miami. ARC RAYS can injure eyes and burn skin. side of each unit package. (year of issue may be excluded) • Wear correct eye.. The three or four digit number tion comes the letter “T. AWS A5.. the “E” or “R” in the classification designations.. The “1” or “0” following the “T” Following the position indicator and a dash. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`. but is included for informational purposes only.. Classification System notes a carbon content in the upper part of the range that is specified for the corresponding standard alloy type. A2.`. and.) A1.1 The chemical composition is identified by a is suitable.22-95R. tion signifies that weld metal deposited by these electrodes is designed for cryogenic applications. The letter “H” de- A2.” The numer- sion of “K” in the designator signifies that the material als “1. A2.. Such ref. Figure A1 is graphical explanation of the system. The is a flux cored electrode or rod.3 Following the chemical composition designa- indicates a welding rod. however.`.22-95R Annex A Guide to AWS Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless --```.2 The letter “E” at the beginning of each classification designation stands for electrode. are the nu- indicates the recommended position of operation.” which signifies that the product such as E308 designates the chemical composition. following erences are intended only as examples rather than com. plete listings of the materials for which each filler metal A2.`-`-`. In some classifica- welding electrodes.3..” and “5” identify the shielding gas required 23 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. there are exceptions.22 only included flux cored steels. cored electrode or rod..2 The letter “K” in the E316LKT0-3 classifica- pattern used in other AWS filler metal specifications. in some cases.``.```.. Introduction has been designed for cryogenic service.and corrosion-resisting gas.```. ad- classified as RXXXT1-5.`.” “4. and the letter “R” A2. Previous editions of A5.1 The system for identifying the electrode and rod classifications in this specification follows the standard A2. additional symbols are employed.” rods which can be used for GTAW of the root pass of The numbers generally follow the pattern of the AISI stainless steel pipe without the use of a back shielding numbering system for heat.. Inclu.`. Reference to ing to the chemical composition of the weld metal and appropriate base metal specifications is made whenever the external shielding medium required for the classifica- that can be done and when it would be helpful. Following the “T” is a 1 following letter “T” indicates that the product is a flux or 0 indicating the recommended position of welding.” “4. The letter “L” denotes a low-carbon content in the deposit.`.” or “5” or the letter “G.3 Since the electrodes and rods are classified accord- the specification can be used effectively. Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding.3. tions additional chemical symbols are used to signify modifications of basic alloy types. merals “1.`--- Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (This Annex is not a part of AWS A5..” “3. This specification now includes welding rods three-digit or four-digit number.3. These are flux cored welding ditional chemical symbols and the letters “L” or “H.. The purpose of this guide is to correlate the electrode and rod classifications with their intended applications so A2. tion tests. 3.`.7 for a fur. for example) A2.3. for example)..`.7 This specification includes filler metals clas- are as agreed upon between supplier and purchaser. provide a means by which filler metals that differ in one respect or another (chemical composition. for that matter) such that classification requirements may not be met. The purpose is to allow a signed for welding in all positions. does (1) EXXXT0-X Designates a welding electrode de.. cation (see Table 6). will be readily apparent from the use of the words “not 24 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.22-95R Indicates a welding electrode Designates a composition of the weld metal Designates a flux-cored welding electrode or rod Designates recommended position of welding: 0 = flat and horizontal. then.`. The letter identify the test requirements..8 The point of difference (although not necessar- purchaser and supplier.. and mechanical properties are not specified and A2. AWS A5. the letter “G” signifies that the shielding medium is metal is of a general classification. again. cording to the specification.3. from all other classifications (meaning that the composi- marized as follows: tion of the filler metal. chemical composition. each bearing the same A2.`. and mechanical properties of the weld. The numeral A2.5 The shielding designations..```. for classification of the electrodes or rods in this specifi- ployed and that the weld puddle is shielded by the atmo.`--- (3) RXXXT1-5 Designates a welding rod designed await a revision of the specification — to be classified for welding in all positions.. The “G” indicates that the filler rods. Type of shielding is 100% Argon Designates recommended position of welding: 1 = all position Designates a flux-cored welding electrode or rod Designates composition of the weld metal Indicates a welding rod Figure A1 — Classification System for classification of the electrode or rod. deposit a “G” classification and filler metal of a similar classifi- composition..3.4 Significance of the position indicators is sum. fications in the specification) can still be classified ac- (2) EXXXT1-X Designates a welding electrode de. not meet the composition specified for any of the classi- signed to weld in the flat or horizontal position.3. that two filler metals. in the case of the example.`-`-`. The use of alternate gas mixtures ily the amount of that difference) between filler metal of may have an effect on welding characteristics. not all of the particular requirements specified for each chaser and the manufacturer.`. For sified EXXXTX-G. applied gas.3. 1 = all position Designates the external shielding medium to be employed during welding specified for classification (see Table 2) EXXXTX-X RXXXT1-5 Designates the external shielding gas to be employed during welding. may be quite different in some certain from the core materials as well as from any externally respect (chemical composition. the classification system does not sphere and slag generated by the flux core. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .. “G” signifies that the shielding medium. Refer to A2. This does not exclude the use of alternate gas mixtures as agreed upon between A2. It is general because not specified and is as agreed upon between the pur. are shown in Table 2.6 While mechanical property tests are required “3” signifies that an external shielding gas is not em. cation without the “G” (or even with it. immediately under the existing specification. This means. of the other classifications are specified for this classifi- ther explanation of the “G” classification and its cation.`. useful filler metal — one that otherwise would have to --```..``.```. The intent in establishing this classification is to implications. denoting shielding “G” classification.. Not Specified is used in those areas of the specifica. acceptance of the the Subcommittee to determine whether a new classifica.`. tutes the supplier’s (manufacturer’s) certification that the ceipt of the request.`--- chaser may want to incorporate that information (via American Welding Society. in order to consider a particular product of that tee.. (c) Send a copy of the request to the Chairman of tion that refer to the results of some particular test. the supplier may ship the material with whatever metal.`-`-`.9 Request for Filler Metal Classification A3. (results) for the test have not been specified for that par. for such a classification or modification.`.```. The manufacturer may do this supplier. (d) File the original request. Not Required is used in those areas of the specifica. AWS A5. fication designations on the packaging enclosing the (3) The request should be sent to the Secretary of the product. the A5. The only testing requirement implicit in this certifica- This number will include the date the request was tion is that the manufacturer has actually conducted the received. when a requirement is not speci.01. If more than 12 months lapse.`. as deemed appropriate..3. Certification which completion of the new classification or modifica.01. tests required by the specification on material that is 25 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.``. The act of placing the AWS specification and classi- tion is needed. The request should contain some indication of the time by A4...01. material shipped will be in accordance with those tion or the modification of an existing classification is requirements. with copies to the Chairman of the Commit- Restating the case. (e) Add the request to the log of outstanding tion that refer to the tests that must be conducted in order requests. Any testing a purchaser requires of the lished for that filler metal.... of (2) A request to establish a new filler metal classifi. Upon re. Acceptance Acceptance of all welding materials classified under (1) When a filler metal cannot be classified according this specification is in accordance with ANSI/AWS to some classification other than a “G” classification. ANSI/AWS A5. the request..01. The (b) Confirm receipt of the request and give the use of these words is as follows: identification number to the person who made the request. classification for a certain application. (a) Assign an identifying number to the request. as long as the filler metal is of commercial testing the supplier normally conducts on material of that significance. to classify a filler metal (or a welding material). or the classification on the product itself. Committee meeting. A2. In such cases. as specified in Schedule F. as the spec- manufacturer may request that a classification be estab- ification states. ANSI/AWS A5. for that test. (4) All necessary action on each request will be com- cates that test is not required because the requirements pleted as soon as possible. Table 1. that have been completed will be at the option of the --```. consti- Filler Metal Committee at AWS Headquarters. according to the provisions of ANSI/AWS A5. classification. Requests still outstanding fied. the Secretary shall inform the requestor of the status of ticular classification. Any other publication of requests ceptance requirements are to be. it is not necessary to conduct the corresponding test after 18 months shall be considered not to have been in order to classify a filler metal to that classification.`. It in. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .22-95R required” and “not specified” in the specification. The pur. and whether either is necessary to sat- isfy the need. The purchaser will have to establish with preceding year with the agenda for each Filler Metal that supplier just what the testing procedure and the ac.`. Testing in accordance with any other cation must be a written request and it needs to provide Schedule in that Table must be specifically required by sufficient detail to permit the Filler Metal Committee or the purchase order. answered in a “timely manner” and the Secretary shall When a purchaser wants the information provided by report these to the Chairman of the Filler Metal Commit- that test. shall be clearly stated in the purchase or- facturer elects to use the “G” classification. Filler Metal Procurement Guide- lines) in the purchase order.. specified for that particular classification. The request needs to state the variables and their limits. tee and the Subcommittee.`. the Filler Metal Committee and the Chairman of the par- dicates that the requirements for that test are not ticular Subcommittee involved. Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines. the Secretary will do the following: product meets all of the requirements of the specification. for the Chair’s action.. the Filler der. more appropriate. Metal Committee recommends that the manufacturer still In the absence of any such statement in the purchase request a classification be established for that filler order. It indi. When the manu- specification.```. for material shipped in accordance with this by following the procedure given here. the purchaser will (5) The Secretary shall include a copy of the log of have to arrange for that information with the supplier of all requests pending and those completed during the the product. Certification is not the High Alloys Committee of the Welding Research to be construed to mean that tests of any kind were nec.`. that is required during welding and should be referred to for details. these vari- are large. work material. At an average of 10 percent. into the brittle sigma phase.6 Even larger variations may be encountered if the resistance in some environments.``. The Ferrite Number. differences in readings due to instrument calibra- --```. gases.```.`.. AWS A5. is to be considered equal to the “percent fer- (5) The ventilation provided to the space in which the rite” term previously used.5 percent by some and as high rial” cited above.5 Even on undiluted pads.`.2. S. However. Standard Procedure for Calibrating are exposed during welding: Magnetic Instruments to Measure the Delta Ferrite Con- (1) Dimensions of the space in which welding is done tent of Austenitic Steel Weld Metal. 26 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.22-95R representative of that being shipped and that the material A6.3 The WRC Subcommittee also adopted the term (4) The proximity of the welders or welding opera. the AWS extended this procedure and pre- the atmosphere to which welders and welding operators pared AWS A4. (3) Rate of evolution of fumes. ent laboratories. Safety in dures. to date.1 Five major factors govern the quantity of fumes in In 1974. If different pad ferrite is helpful when the welds are restrained.1. and in high-temperature service where it can transform 8. Through the use of standard calibration proce- A5.0 percent fer- The basis for the certification required by the specifi. Ferrite in Weld Deposits to pad must be expected due to slight changes in welding A6. the Assurance System” in ANSI/AWS A5. Millions of pounds of fully preparation procedure. New York. Council (WRC) established that the lack of a standard essarily conducted on samples of the specific material calibration procedure resulted in a very wide spread of shipped. welding technique allows excessive nitrogen pickup. have readings on a given specimen when measured by differ- been conducted. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .0 to 16.. ± 10 percent of the measured ferrite value. Generally. the joints welding and preparation procedures are used. rite. discusses the ventilation the most. and Allied Processes (published by the tion are expected to be reduced to about ± 5 percent.01. Ferrite Number (FN) to be used in place of percent fer- tors to the fumes as they issue from the welding zone. in garded as detrimental to toughness in cryogenic service.1 Ferrite is known to be very beneficial in reducing and measuring variables. Ferrite may have a detrimental effect on corrosion A6. and world practice on the percent ferrite.`--- Welding. New York 10017. Representative means of various magnetic instruments. All instruments used (with special regard to the height of the ceiling) to measure the ferrite content of AWS classified stainless (2) Number of welders and welding operators work. to clearly indicate that the measuring instrument was and to the gases and dusts in the space in which they are calibrated to the WRC procedure. Welding Research Council. Tests on such material may.4 In the opinion of the WRC Subcommittee. spread was 7. of approximately ± 2. it has relating to ventilation.`.`. Ferrite increases the weld strength level. in this case. it is not essential. On a large group of pads from the tendency for cracking or fissuring in weld metals. was measured as low as 3.```. one heat or lot and using a standard pad welding and however. the WRC Subcommittee published on July 1. two sigma values indicate that austenitic weld metal have been used for years and have 95 percent of the tests are expected to be within a range provided satisfactory service performance. working up to 10 FN. rite based on the data collected from all the laboratories cation is the classification test of “representative mate.. or at American Welding Society). Cutting.0 percent. Attention is drawn particularly to the section A6. A6.0 percent by others..2 FN to about 8 FN.`.. ferrite variations from pad A6. It also is generally re.... by the Subcommittee for Welding of Stainless Steel of fication using the same formulation. is any production run of that classi. according to the materials and processes involved A6.`-`-`. 345 East 47th Street. In order to substantially reduce this problem. and the “Manufacturer’s Quality as 8. It represents a good average welding is done of commercial U. service performance. A specimen averaging 5. or may not. Ventilation During Welding Measure the Delta Ferrite Content of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metal.2 American National Standard Z49. electrode products are to be traceable to the latest revi- ing in that space sion of this AWS standard.. or dust. and when cracks or fissures adversely affect ations will increase.8 A5. to accurately determine the true absolute ferrite content of stainless steel weld metals. 1972 Calibration Procedure for Instruments to A5.. been impossible.2 Ferrite can be measured on a relative scale by met the requirements of the specification. The shield- weld metal. Because of the copper bars is dependent on the size of the electrode chemistry limits covering these grades and various man. if in water.5 A minimum of six ferrite readings must be taken on the filed surface along the longitudinal axis of A6. ally is controlled at a low-ferrite level.. The width of the be used to measure the ferrite level.`--- A6.10 The ferrite content of welds may be calculated ANSI/AWS A5. The welding direction should be alternated from pass to pass. The amperage weld metals. Between E310. If the base plate contains more that plished by smooth draw-filing strokes (one direction 0.. under 5 FN.`.1 The same weld pads..9. downward pressure. from the chemical composition of the weld deposit.9.6 The readings obtained must be averaged to a 9. The last two layers must have a maximum in- in certain media.2 (latest 304 base plate. Some of the grades of electrodes listed here are not in this single value for conversion to Ferrite Number. prepared so that it is smooth with all traces of weld ripple usually over 20 FN.```. though this does vary depending on the ing medium. The base plate may be of Type 301.`. E312. Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Elec. the any suitable means providing the surface is not heated in following procedure is recommended: excess during the machining operation (excessive heat- A6.9. and E2209 generally are quite high in ferrite. This can be accomplished by A6.2 The weld pad must be built to a minimum the weld pad with an instrument calibrated in accordance height of 1/2 in. E320LR. may ing may affect the final ferrite reading). A6. or used on austenitic stainless steel.``. desired.. many types such as must be located at the ends of the weld buildup. E320. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . The weld layers used for the have an inherently lower ferrite content than matching buildup may be deposited with a weave. A6... document.9. or 304 weld.9. then the pad shall have a minimum of four layers. the pads shall be made as detailed on mill bastard file held on both sides of the weld with the Figure A1 and prepared as described in A6.9 When it is desired to measure ferrite content.```.`.3 and The surface can be prepared by draw filing using a A6.7 Plate materials tend to be balanced chemically to posited using stringer beads. provided the last two prepared surface shall not be less than 1/8 in.9. E330.4 The completed weld pad must have the surface E2553. Weld metal diluted with plate metal will or wire feed speed and the arc voltage shall be as recom- usually be somewhat lower in ferrite than the undiluted mended by the manufacturer of the electrode. Filing must be accom- carbon steel.03 percent carbon and is used for the low-carbon clas. removed and must be continuous in length where mea- surements are to be taken.3. posit to drop to 0 FN. The remaining E300 series electrodes can be The weld deposit can be buildup between two copper made in low-ferrite versions.`..9 The E316 group can be made with little or no water not sooner than 20 seconds after the completion of ferrite when required for improved corrosion resistance each pass..`.8 In the E300 series electrodes. (13 mm) when using Type 301. eliminate dilution effects. (3 mm).4.3 The pad must be welded in the flat position using multiple layers. and in high temperature and cryogenic terpass temperature of 300°F (150°C). and the type or size of welding gun used. This trodes and Rods.`-`-`. This is required to assure a low-carbon weld metal deposit.9. can be done from one of several constitution diagrams. The last pass must applications where ferrite can be detrimental.9. or three layers are prepared as described in A6. The weld stops and starts A6.9. A nitrogen pickup of 0..9. as detailed in 8. but commercial practice bars laid parallel on the base plate.2 through long axis of the file perpendicular to the long axis of the A6. (16 mm) to be. only) along the length of the weld while applying a firm sifications (those with the letter “L” in the designation). It also can be air cooled to below 800°F (427°C) prior to quenching be obtained in a higher ferrite form. Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding or A6. positing the next pass.`. High nitrogen pickup can cause a typical 8 FN de. most lots will be under 10 FN and are taken to make sure the arc does not impinge on the cop- unlikely to go over 15 FN commercially. E383 and E385 are fully passes.10 percent will typically decrease the FN by about 8. with at least the last 2 layers de- --```. per bars resulting in copper dilution in the weld metal. 27 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.. When using a carbon steel base. AWS A5. The spacing between usually involves ferrite control above 4 FN. Care must be ufacturing limits. or with the procedures specified in ANSI/AWS A4. A6. Each pass must be cleaned prior to de- metal.22-95R which case the ferrite can be much lower than it should pad must have a minimum height of 5/8 in. 302. E16-8-2 gener. Files shall either be new or shall have only been conforming to ASTM Specification A167 or A240.4.9. usually over 4 FN. the weld edition).4. the weld pad may be cooled by quenching in austenitic. polarity and welding process shall be as amount of dilution and the composition of the base shown in Table 2. 302. A6. but are contained in ANSI/AWS A5. Otherwise. ries (see A2.22-95R these are the WRC-1992 (Figure A2). Siewert. The following paragraphs give some compositions having greater than 0..35 percent (i. Espy. A. 680-680B. Adams Lecture. J.e. “Weldability of Nitrogen-Strengthened Stain- less Steels..10.3 DeLong Diagram12 (Figure A4) is a modi- show a closer agreement between measured and pre. (1992)..`--- Figure A2—WRC-1992 (FN) Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metal 28 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. Diagram is preferred for “300” series stainless steels and There may be a wide range of results obtained from one for duplex stainless alloys. their recommended applications. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .. T. T. fied Schaeffler Diagram13 predicting the Ferrite Number dicted ferrite using this diagram than when using the De.. H.. Metal Progress.2 percent of nitrogen explanation of the differences among these diagrams and and greater than 10 percent of manganese. W. The diagram includes Long Diagram. --```. and the DeLong Diagram (Figure A4).” Welding Journal 61(5) 149s-156s. D.`-`-`. A. WRC-1992 Diagram are independent of silicon and manganese contents because these elements were not found 11.`. A6.” Welding Journal 71(5) 171s-178s 286-s (1974). 10. R.`.” Welding Journal 53(7) 273-s to the WRC-1988 Diagram.2 Espy Diagram11 (Figure A3) calculates the A6. AWS A5.`.. E.. The WRC-1992 (Figure A3).``.1) having manganese levels up to 15 percent and nitrogen contents up 0.10.. 56. nitrogen- est of the diagrams mentioned.`.```. “WRC-1992 Constitution 12. It may not be applicable to diagram to another. 1982. 13. DeLong. “Ferrite in Austenitic Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metals: A Modification of Stainless Steel Weld Metal... Studies within the WRC strengthened austenitic stainless steels). (FN) up to a maximum of 18 FN. Kotecki. Schaeffler.`.```.. It should be noted that predictions of the the nitrogen level in the calculation to predict the FN.10.1 WRC-1992 Diagram10 (Figure A2) predicts percent ferrite rather than FN of deposits of the “200” se- ferrite in Ferrite Number (FN). Subcommittee on Welding of Stainless Steel and within Commission II of the International Institute of Welding A6. the Espy Diagram to have statistically significant effects. This diagram is the new..`. %) A7. and Rods. The agreement between the calculated and mea.. Variations in the results EXXXT0-3 deposits must have different Cr/Ni ratios of the chemical analyses encountered from laboratory to than those of the EXXXTX-1 and EXXXTX-4 deposits. therefore. therefore.`. 1. Specification for Stainless Steel Elec- provide a better correlation between the calculated and trodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding.10. effective as shielding with a combination of a slag sys- culated ferrite are somewhat dependent on the ferrite tem and an external shielding gas.. Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Electrodes Schaeffler Diagram is not shown in this specification. The nominal composition (wt.`--- 29 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. in order to control the ferrite content of sured ferrite values is also strongly dependent on the the weld metal. The EXXXT0-3 de- level of the deposit.. Description and Intended Use of EXXXTX-1 deposits without a loss of ferrite control. Electrodes and Rods A7. The requirements of the EXXXT0-3 classifica- Long Diagram. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .`. the Cr/Ni ratio can be the same as for A7. laboratory can have significant effects on the calculated Since the atmosphere generated by E316LKT0-3 ferrite value. the chemical compositions of the quality of the chemical analysis.1.2 Intended Use of Electrodes and Rods A7.9. the A5.. AWS A5.4 The differences between measured and cal.`.`.`. these electrodes and rods are patterned after those of These electrodes are used primarily for moderate --```.. tions are different from those of the previous two because self-shielding with a slag system alone is not as A6.2.``..```. posits. The new WRC 1992 Diagram (see Figure A3) is the most accurate and preferred diagram for predicting the A7. 9.1 E307TX-X.`.1. Future EXXXTX-1 and EXXXTX-4 classifications are very publications of this specification may not include the De. electrodes more efficiently shield the arc from nitrogen pickup than that produced by other EXXXT0-3 electrodes.7 Ni.`-`-`. usually have a higher nitrogen content.1 Composition Considerations A7. increasing as the ferrite level in. similar.22-95R Figure A3—EPSY Percent Ferrite Diagram for Stainless Weld Metal The DeLong modifications to the Schaeffler Diagram ANSI/AWS A5.```. changing it as much as 4 to 8 FN..2 The chemical composition requirements of the ferrite in “300” series stainless steel weld metals. and ANSI/AWS measured ferrite content of the weld metal.0 Mo and 4 Mn. This means that. creases.4.1 The chemical composition requirements for of this weld metal is 19 Cr.... .2. The nominal composition (wt. and molybdenum.4 E308HTX-X. By specifying low carbon in this alloy..%.```. except for car. . 14. This electrode is recommended for welding CF8M stainless A7. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . ex- 305.. 30 --```. as it matches the base metal with regard to metal is the same as that of E308TX-X.% molybdenum.%) 304H base metal. and 308.3 E308LTX-X.`.2.. CF8M and CF3M are designations of ASTM A351.`. AWS A5.2.`. metal is the same as that of E308TX-X weld metal. cept for the addition of 2-3 wt. These electrodes are used primarily for welding type A7. The composition of this weld fication for Steel Castings. it is also be used for welding wrought metals such as Type possible to obtain resistance to intergranular corrosion 316L when a ferrite content higher than attainable with due to carbide precipitation without the use of stabilizers E316LTX-X electrodes is desired.`. Carbon content in this range provides higher steel to carbon steel forgings or castings. such as columbium (niobium) or titanium.`....5 E308MoTX-X.08 wt. is not as strong at elevated temperature as the E308 and columbium (niobium)-stabilized alloys.``.2.14 This grade may bon content..`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.5 Cr and 10 Ni.`. Austenitic. such as welding austenitic manganese .```. The composition of this weld steel castings. nickel..`-`-`. Speci- A7. This low- carbon alloy. chromium.04 to similar steels.. 304. content which is in the high end of the range. tensile and creep strength at elevated temperatures. The composition of this weld similar composition such as AISI Types 301. of this weld metal is 19.22-95R Figure A4—DeLong (FN) Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metal strength welds with good crack resistance between dis. 302. Electrodes of this classification are most often used to weld base metal of A7.2 E308TX-X. however. for High Temperature metal is the same as that of E308TX-X except for carbon Service. 13 E309LCbTX-X.15 E312TX-X. They are used in welding steels and produce a columbium (niobium) stabilized dissimilar metals.. 12.2. this alloy.16 E316TX-X.`. first layer on such overlays.2. The nominal composition (wt. The higher carbon content provides higher strength at elevated temperatures. 31 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.. the microstructure remains two-phase and thus modification. lower deposit ferrite content (typically 8-12 FN) when trodes are recommended for welding CF3M stainless compared to E309LMoTX-X (typically 16-20 FN).. except for the lower carbon content. similar compositions. it is possible to obtain resistance to intergranu- cept for the lower carbon content. is not as strong at elevated tempera- siderable dilution by austenite-forming elements. and applying stainless steel sheet linings to carbon steel A7.8 E309TX-X. A7.2.% molybdenum).`. These electrodes are lar corrosion due to carbide precipitation without the use used to join stainless steel to carbon and low-alloy steels of stabilizers such as columbium (niobium) or titanium. and weld metal is the same as that of E309TX-X weld metal.2. tions involving special alloys for high-temperature ser- and for overlaying of carbon and low-alloy steels.14 E310TX-X. Electrodes of this cept for the addition of 0.% of Cb (Nb).7 to 1. By specifying low carbon in this alloy.``. elevated temperatures as the columbium (niobium)- num provides pitting resistance in a halide environment stabilized alloys. By specifying low carbon in weld metal is the same as E309MoTX-X weld metal. The composition of this weld electrode deposit is approximately 18 FN. nickel. such as ture as Type 309 or the columbium (niobium)-stabilized nickel.```. for welding similar alloys (about 2 wt.5 Cr and 21 Ni. A primary application of this alloy is the highly resistant to weld metal cracks and fissures. first layer cladding of carbon steel if no columbium additions are required.0 wt.7 E308LMoTX-X. The composition of this except for the lower chromium and higher nickel con- weld metal is the same as that of E308MoTX-X weld tent. such as joining Type 304 to mild steel. with E316LTX-X electrodes is desired. The purpose of this modification is to achieve a metal. The nominal composition sheets. These elec- content.2.5 Ni.17 E316LTX-X. for service below 600°F (316°C). These elec. A7. is not as strong at carbon and low-alloy steels.. The presence of molybde.`-`-`.`.%) of this weld metal is 18. The composition of this (wt. The ferrite level for this A7.2.2. 2. Occasionally.. ductility in dissimilar joints..%) of this weld metal is 26.`. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .2. These electrodes are used to join stainless steel to carbon These electrodes have been used successfully in applica- and low-alloy steels for service below 600°F (316°C). The composition of this weld metal is essentially the same as E309LMoTX-X A7.12 E309LNiMoTX-X. A7.9 E309LTX-X. except joints. The lower ferrite content leads to may be used for welding wrought metals such as type better corrosion resistance due to a decreased potential --```.%) of this weld metal is 30 Cr and 9 Ni. The nominal composition metal is the same as E309TX-X. it is pos- trodes most often are used to weld dissimilar metal com- sible to obtain resistance to intergranular corrosion due positions of which one component is high in nickel.5 Cr and 13 Ni.5 Mo.2. This steel castings. and for overlaying of This low-carbon alloy.`. to match the base metal with regard to chemistry is required by the pulp and paper industry for chromium. This low car- amounts of ferrite in an austenitic matrix.```.2. they are used to weld Type 304 (wt. ex- of this weld metal is 23.%) weld metal is the same as E309LTX-X weld metal. Electrodes of this classification usually are used except for the addition of 2-3 wt. The vice. welding the stainless steel side of Type 304 clad steels.2. The nominal composition A7. ex. The composition of the weld A7. except for A7. The presence of molybdenum provides increased presence of molybdenum provides pitting resistance in a creep resistance at elevated temperatures and pitting re- halide environment and helps provide high temperature sistance in a halide environment.22-95R A7.`--- 316L stainless when ferrite content higher than attainable for chromium-nitride precipitation. AWS A5. A7..5 Cr.% of molybdenum. however. The ferrite level for this electrode deposit is ap- that the carbon content has been restricted to the higher proximately 20 FN. portion of the range. This to carbide precipitation without the use of stabilizers alloy gives a two-phase weld deposit with substantial such as columbium (niobium) or titanium.. This grade also joining applications. The composition of this and helps provide high temperature ductility in dissimilar weld metal is the same as that of E308MoTX-X.6 E308HMoT0-3..11 E309LMoTX-X. and molybdenum.`. The composition of this A7.2. Even with con- bon alloy.. metal is the same as E316TX-X electrodes. however. except for the carbon (wt. The composition of this the lower carbon content.10 E309MoTX-X. These classification commonly are used for welding similar al- electrodes are used to overlay carbon and low-alloy loys in wrought or cast forms. These base metals where severe corrosion conditions exist that electrodes are most often used to weld base metals of require higher alloy content weld metal. ..% maxi. This 12 Cr (wt. pipe or tube. however.5 Cr. for (wt.`. indicating that it normally ing and a postweld heat treatment. Optimum mechanical is not subject to intergranular corrosion from carbide pre. 32 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . 13 Ni. The nominal composition corrosion applications.2..0 Mo. Delta ferrite in the weld metal has an adverse effect on toughness. Fully aus. usually in the form of a columbium (niobium) are almost equally effective in sta.`-`-`.%) alloy is an welding stainless steels for cryogenic service. deleterious effect on mechanical properties. A7.5 Mo. (wt. 15. added as a stabilizer.`--- granular carbide precipitation and thereby increases the to weld base metals of similar composition. The alloy is often referred to partially hardened microstructure that requires preheat- as a stabilized Type 308 alloy. or abrasion. Minimizing the welding alloys of similar composition.`.. however. trodes of this classification are used for welding base nized that tantalum also may be present. columbium (niobium) as the sum of the columbium plus A7.%) of this weld metal is 11.%) of this weld metal is 9.5 Cr. The composition is balanced by providing suffi- peratures as the columbium (niobium) stabilized alloys cient chromium to give adequate corrosion resistance for or Type 317. therefore. These electrodes.`. nickel. Elec- stantially. Cr alloy.2.22-95R A7.5 Ni. 4. requires preheat and the nominal chromium. special attention is given to it in order mon application of electrodes of this classification is for to maximize low-temperature toughness. Therefore. (wt. however.%) of this weld metal is 11. may not be so strong at elevated tem.`. Postweld A7. The composition of this structure.`. and 3. as ferrite has a metals.%) of this weld metal is 12 Cr with Ti added as a sta. Although air-hardening steel. The nominal composi- cal composition of the weld metal is balanced to provide tion (wt. and molybdenum content postheat treatments in order to achieve welds of adequate of E316LKT0-3 filler metal is essentially the same as the ductility for most engineering purposes. The usual commercial practice is to report recommended.22 E410TX-X.```. it is recognized that the tendency for are modified to contain less chromium and more nickel weld metal fissuring is greater in fully austenitic weld to eliminate ferrite in the microstructure.27 E505TX-X. used for surfacing of carbon steels to resist corrosion.5 Cr and 10 Ni with Cb Welding with E430TX-X electrodes may produce a (Nb) added as a stabilizer.. CA6NM castings or similar materials. self-shielding electrodes. the chemi.03 wt. The nominal composition Although columbium (niobium) is the stabilizing ele. 0. The most com- other E316 grades. Service. This alloy is air-hardening.2. and therefore. Elec- ment usually specified in 347 alloys.2. Pressure Containing Parts. They also are content of carbon and nitrogen improves the toughness. composition stabilized either with columbium (niobium) or titanium. These electrodes. This is a nominal 16..2.) (wt. A7.%) of this weld metal is 19...2. The nominal composition heat treatment in excess of 1150°F (620°C) may result in (wt.25 E430TX-X. This electrode generally is used to weld tenitic weld metal is preferred from a toughness stand. are “self-shielding” and are used primarily for A7.`. rehardening due to untempered martensite in the micro- These electrodes usually are used for welding alloys of structure after cooling to room temperature.. and a low maximum ferrite content (3 FN or less).21 E409TX-X.19 E317LTX-X. This low-car. CA6NM is a designation of ASTM Specification A351..2.24 E410NiTiTX-X. properties and corrosion resistance are obtained only cipitation. Suitable for Low Temperature bilizer. These electrodes generally are used --```.%) of this weld metal is 19. Tantalum and metal of similar composition.%) bon alloy.2. Electrodes of this classification usually are when the weldment is heat treated following the welding used for welding chromium-nickel-base metals of similar operation.55 Mo.5 (wt. composition. (wt.2.```. A7. Low nitrogen content is achieved by providing a more erosion. the usual applications and yet retain sufficient ductility in the heat-treated condition.``. bilizing carbon and in providing high-temperature preheating and postweld heat treatment are strongly strength. similar composition and are usually limited to severe A7. such as that occurs in valve seats efficient slag system than is employed with EXXXT0-3 and other valve parts. resistance to intergranular corrosion without the use of stabilizers such as columbium or titanium. it should be recog. Low carbon (0.15 These electrodes point. if dilution by the base metal produces a low ferrite or fully austenitic weld metal deposit. The nominal composition Specification for Steel Castings.23 E410NiMoTX-X.5 Cr and 4 Ni with Ti mum) in this filler metal reduces the possibility of inter. The nominal composition tantalum. often are used to weld base metal of similar weld metal is the same as E316LTX-X.%) of this weld metal is 5 Cr and 0. (Excessive chromium will re- A7.2 Cr and 1.18 E316LKT0-3.26 E502TX-X. The nominal composition sult in lower ductility.20 E347TX-X. Ferritic and Martensitic.2.55 Mo. which produce a ferritic micro. Crack sensitivity of the weld may increase sub. A7. AWS A5. The nominal composition The microstructure of the weld deposit consists of a mix. 13 Ni and 2.0. guidelines be followed when using this rod. all-weld-metal and Ni content allows dilution with carbon steel while tests of heat-treated specimens may be desired. It is recommended that the man- tion commonly are used in corrosion. sion or scale resistance on welds or weld metal speci- A7.22-95R trodes of this classification are used for welding base is used primarily for the root pass welding of Type 316 or metal of similar composition. The alloy has good resistance to stress 347 stainless steel piping joints when inert gas backing corrosion cracking and pitting corrosion attack. Procedures for the mechanical testing of such lines be followed when using this rod. the alloy is one of the family of duplex stain. is recommended that the manufacturer’s instructions and The microstructure of the weld deposit consists of a mix. A7. joints should be in accordance with ANSI/AWS B4. In such cases.03 maximum.`-`-`.5 Cr.%) of this weld metal is 18. ANSI/AWS A5.5 Ni. process but caution is advised as it will produce a slag A8.01. Because of the two-phase Cb(Nb) and Ta added as stabilizers. Although welds cover which must be removed before additional weld made with electrodes or rods covered by this specifica- layers can be deposited. This section is included for the less steel piping joints when an inert gas backing purge is guidance of those who desire to specify such special either not possible or not desirable..31 R309LT1-5. This section is --```. but caution is advised as it and purchaser.2. This rod can preheating and postweld heat treatment are strongly only be used with the GTAW process but caution is ad- recommended. and 3.30 R308LT1-5. 9. It is recognized that sup- plementary tests may be required for certain applica- A7.. The high Cr tions other than those specified in Table 6.. usually in the form of a 316L stainless steel piping joints when inert gas backing pipe or tube.```.`.03 maximum. it is not practical to require tests for corro- using this rod.. This rod can A7. Because of the two-phase microstructure. will produce a slag cover which must be removed before Tests of joint specimens may be desired when the in- additional weld layers can be deposited.`. and 10 Ni with C such as strength at elevated or cryogenic temperatures held to 0.`. Special Tests high tensile and yield strengths with improved resistance to pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.% chromium. It A7.4 Mo..%) of this weld metal is 18. This rod can only be tests. The nominal composition Tests of joint specimens may be influenced by the prop- (wt. metals. 33 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale..1 Mechanical Properties. and 3. ture of austenite and ferrite. Such special tests pertinent to the intended (wt.%) of this weld metal is 22 Cr. A7.```..28 E2209TX-X.5 Cr and 10 Ni with ture of austenite and ferrite. This flux cored filler structure. The alloy is air-hardening and therefore. This rod can only be used with the GTAW 8.2.5 Mo. This flux cored filler rod the manufacturer and the purchaser. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . vised as it will produce a slag cover which must be removed before additional weld layers can be deposited. contains provisions marily for root pass welding of Type 304 or 304L stain. It is recom.``.5 Cr. AWS A5.%) of this weld metal is 25.or heat-resisting ufacturer’s instructions and guidelines be followed when applications.`.`--. This electrode is used to join duplex stainless steel base metals containing approximately 22 wt. tended application involves the welding of dissimilar mended that the manufacturer’s instructions and guide. rod is used primarily for the root pass welding of Type less steel alloys.%) of this weld metal is 19.2. purge is either not possible or not desirable..%) of this weld metal is 23.2. The nominal composition is recommended that the manufacturer’s instructions and (wt.2 Corrosion or Scaling Tests.. (wt.5 Mo application may be conducted as agreed upon between with C held to 0. purge is either not possible or not desirable. Where fab- austenitic stainless steel pipe when inert gas backing rication codes require testing welds in heat-treated condi- purge is either not possible or not desirable. The nominal composition only be used with the GTAW process but caution is ad- (wt.2.`.. Those tests may be conducted as agreed by supplier used with the GTAW process.2. For the still producing a weld metal with sufficient alloy to resist preparation of such specimens the procedures outlined in corrosion. The nominal composition tions. Such tests should be considered primarily for the root pass welding of carbon steel pipe to as tests for qualifying the electrodes or rods. for ordering such tests.`. This flux cored rod is used pri.33 R347T1-5. It metals containing approximately 25 wt.5 Cr.29 E2553TX-X. The nominal composition mens. this alloy is one of the family of duplex stainless steel alloys. tests to determine specific properties (wt. 8.03 maximum.5 Ni.5 Cr and 13 Ni with C erties of the base metal and may not provide adequate held to 0.4 should be used.32 R316LT1-5. may be required. vised as it will produce a slag cover which must be re- This electrode is used to join duplex stainless steel base moved before additional weld layers can be deposited. A8. guidelines be followed when using this rod. This flux cored filler rod is used tests of the weld metal. Duplex stainless steels combine A8.% chromium. 16 A262. Joint should be used for extra protection.) The following references are for more detailed infor- A8. to give added eye protection. and shoulder covers with bibs designed for welding ser- heat-affected zone. ear A8. Other personnel in the work area should be protected A8. (50 mm) dimension of the specimen is par.. Washington. LeJeune Road. a change to clean. unless an and the 1/2 in. high-top shoes. A9.`-`-`.1.. D. protection should be used.1. Chapter XVII. and Labor.C. Clothing should cation However the user must be aware that these are be kept free of grease and oil. qualifying the electrode procedures. Miami. AWS standards may be obtained from the American be worn. (Note: Burns can be machined from the top surface of the pad in such a way caused by touching hot equipment such as electrode that the 2 in. 18. The testing procedure should Z87.4 mm) are cause burns or shock. open 16. and the unaffected stance has been spilled on clothing. FL: American Welding Society. FL 33126. or ASTM Standards Institute. S. These can cause burns if precautionary Government Printing Office.: U. When welding overhead or in confined spaces. tion rates of the various metal structures (weld metal. Cutting. slag..`. tect the head should be used. In addition.`. under load produces arcing of the contacts and may mens measuring 1/2 × 2 × 1/4 in. D. cutting. or other places on clothing that can catch and re. mation on personal protection: ing of the specimens prior to testing should be in accordance with standard practices for tests of similar alloys in (1) American National Standards Institute.2. (65 mm) width dimension of the pad should be worn when these items are handled. AWS A5. Therefore.22-95R included for the guidance of those who desire such spe.17 A9. Pant cuffs.. S. (3) American Welding Society. Miami. ANSI/ASC Z49. and mark. New York: American Na- tional Standards Institute. (25 + n16 mm) long. Safety-Toe Footwear. by the use of noncombustible screens or by the use of ap- sion or scale resistance are prepared by following the propriate protection as described in the previous para- procedure outlined for the preparation of pads for chemi. Title 29 — hot work surfaces are produced by welding. touching. cape sleeves. Part 1910.2. Z41. and Face Protection. and unaffected base metal). and a covering to pro. surface finish. or the cedure can be made identical to those being used in fabri- equivalent. base metal. leggings. NY --```. New York.. C. OSHA standards may be obtained from the U.18 measures are not used. hot work pieces cal analysis (see Section 9). It is difficult to obtain reproducible data fire-resistant clothing should be made before working when a difference exists between the corrosion or oxida- with open arcs or flames.`.1 Corrosion or scaling tests of joint specimens plugs to prevent weld spatter from entering the ear canal have the advantage that the joint design and welding pro- should be worn in combination with goggles. New York: American National ducting Corrosion Tests in Plant Equipment. Safety Considerations Safety in Welding. Before leaving a work area. Combustible materials tests of the combined properties of the weld metal. least 3/4 in. Molten metal. graph. If any combustible sub- heat-affected zone of the base metal. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Washington.1.. allied processes. where “n” represents trical equipment when it is under load. the should not be carried in pockets. 34 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.3 The heat treatments. Workers should wear protective clothing made of fire-resistant material. Govern- tection for the face.W. shoes or leather leggings and fire-resistant gloves should 17. and ears. (65 mm) wide No attempt should be made to repair or disconnect elec- by 1 +n5/8 in. Test sam- vice should be used. Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye correspond to the ASTM G4. National Standards Institute. High-top 10018. Helmets or hand shields that provide pro..`--- tain molten metal or sparks should not be worn. 550 N. disconnection the number of specimens required from the pad.`.```.2 All-weld-metal specimens for testing corro. appropriate eye cial tests. sheet metal shields and joint design are to be considered variables.`. ANSI standards may be obtained from the American pockets. Pant legs should be worn over the outside of Welding Society. ANSI/ASC Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels.. sparks. Where welding or cutting of unusu- ples cannot be readily standardized if welding procedure ally thick base metal is involved. and (4) OSHA. Aprons. Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to (2) American National Standards Institute.2. ment Printing Office.. Code of Federal Regulations. 1430 Broadway. and nozzles. (13 × 50 × 6. holders. The pad size should be at should be marked to alert other persons of this hazard. neck. Speci.```. ANSI/ASC the wrought or cast forms. Standard Method for Con. insulated gloves allel to the 2-1/2 in. 20402.1 Burn Protection. (19 mm) in height by 2-1/2 in. and Allied Processes. Mechanization of specimens for corrosion tests should not be used for highly hazardous processes or jobs should be considered.`..``. tips. (13 mm) dimension is parallel to the adequate cooling period has been allowed before length of the pad. or both. arc The correct cable size should be used since sustained length. the power should be turned (1) The permissible exposure limits required by OFF. that is. they can pro.`--- sources of danger.. harmful to health. If the rescuer must resort to pulling the victim from OSHA can be found in Code of Federal Regulations.`. and ever... may produce radiant energy (radiation) harmful to and NFPA No.```. NFPA documents are available from the National Fire Pro. 20.3 Fumes and Gases. Cutting.. Many welding. dizziness. Fumes are solid particles which origi- mended safe practices should be read and understood. Battery March Park. Further. trical connections may create conditions that could cause electrical shock or short circuits..22-95R A9.. To prevent shock.. it can be avoided. current level. and incorrect metal.19 this radiant energy. exhaust at board or insulated platform.`. skin. tive measures should be applied. cold (iced) (ACGIH). air sampling should be used to determine if correc- different polarities. clean. The National Electrical Code should health. the live contact. and allied operations Z49. 35 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. Water. Fumes and Gases in the Welding dressing. Poor connec. Moisture can conduct electricity. and Allied Processing. Effects may occur immediately or at duce dangerous arcs and sparks. cardiopulmonary resuscita. tation of eyes. improper grounding.`. the base Faulty installation.`-`-`. Quincy.4 Radiation. equipment. One should becme acquainted with the effects of be followed. The or electrical units. and other grounded. vere complications. welders. and respiratory system to more se- tions can overheat and even melt. and gases depend upon the composition of the filler metal and base metal.2 Electrical Hazards. and dry. the area should be covered with a clean. The added voltages increase the severity duced by the various welding processes may be found in of the shock hazard.1. Cincinnati. Cables and connections the arc. In confined spaces. the open circuit voltages More detailed information on fumes and gases pro- can be additive. Where ventilation may be question- avoided. Electric shock can kill. How. rent machines are being used. cutting. Title 29 — Labor. (2) The recommended threshold limit values for tion (CPR) should be administered as soon as contact these fumes and gases may be found in Threshold Limit with the electrical source is broken. The amount and composition of these fumes connection is required to ground the workpiece. nate from welding filler metals and fluxes.``. OH 45240.`.. dry in a report entitled. A separate and gases. Open circuit voltage should be enough ventilation. overloading will cause cable failure and can result in possible electrical shock or fire hazard.. and the patient should be transported to medi- Environment. ference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Kemper Woods tection Association. Electrical burns Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists are treated as thermal burns. duced by the effects of process radiation on the surround- All electrical equipment and the workpieces should be ing environment.20 compresses should be applied. Management. 70. natural air movement will provide cables should not be used. Improper or worn elec- from your breathing zone and the general area. One’s head should always be wear dry gloves and rubber soled shoes. sockets. Gases operation and maintenance of electrical equipment are all are produced during the welding process or may be pro- --```. cal assistance. the Workroom Environment published by the American stored. Recognized safety standards such as ANSI/ASC A9. The workpiece lead is not a ground lead. or dirt some later time. Welding. The manufacturer’s instructions and recom. and the shielding gases and fumes might displace breathing clothing should be kept dry at all times. and other factors. MA 02269. grease. and any coatings present on the base metal. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Worn.```. should be used to keep fumes and gases should be kept in good condition. A9. welding process. or until a physician has arrived. Chapter XVII. AWS A5.`. Live electrical parts should not allied processes produce fumes and gases which may be be touched. damaged. or bare In some cases.`. sea. Fumes can cause symptoms such as nau- should not be allowed to accumulate on plugs. or when a number of alternating cur. When several welders are working with arcs of able. Safety in Welding. clean. Center. cutting. Sufficient ventilation. it is personnel should be aware of the effects of these fumes used only to complete the welding circuit. Welders should air and cause asphyxiation. Contamination should be (3) The results of an AWS-funded study are available avoided. and metal fume fever. If the victim is not breathing. ACGIH documents are available from the American Con- 19. the following: In case of electric shock. All electrical The possible effects of overexposure range from irri- connections should be tight. or both. possibility of more serious health effects exists when es- pecially toxic materials are involved. 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive.. headaches. nonconducting materials should be used. or stand on a dry kept out of the fumes. Part 1910. A physician should Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in be called and CPR continued until breathing has been re. the work area. AWS F2. mation Service. VA: National Technical Infor- walkways. Cutting Arcs...4. etc. (2) American National Standards Institute.```.`. Ionizing radiation is A9.21 and all personnel should be protected from intense re.. Rec- skin burns and eye damage. However. et al. F. Miami. 1979. (5) Safety glasses with UV protective side shields 21. wavelengths of nonionizing radiant energy produced de. welding pa. D. Safe Use of Lasers.1-78. depending on the radiant ommended Safe Practices for Electron Beam Welding energy’s wavelength and intensity. and Allied Processing. ersby to welding operations. J.3 Ionizing radiation information sources in- nonionizing (such as ultraviolet. “Optical Radiation Transmission and Educational Eye and Face Protection. “Project Committee on Radiation- welding and torch welding. welding ordinarily produce negligible quantities of radi.” Welding Journal 59 (3):43-46. izing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 42-0053- (2) Exposed skin should be protected with adequate 77. should be used to avoid exposing pass. cesses (except submerged arc when used properly).`--- Oxygen Cutting.1.. include: dinarily controlled within acceptance limits by use of (1) American National Standards Institute.4..” Welding noted that transparent welding curtains are not intended Journal 58 (3):69s-75s. New York: A9.`. most arc welding and cutting pro. or A9. Evaluation of the Potential Hazards from Actinic Ul- gloves and clothing as specified in ANSI/ASC Z49. FL: American Welding Society.`. Springfield. fluxes..1. VA: National Technical Infor- (3) Reflections from welding arcs should be avoided. ANSI/ASC Z136.```..1 Ionizing Radiation. J. Cutting. but rather are intended to protect (8) National Technical Information Service. ANSI/ASC Z49. Practice for Occupational and Educational rameters.2 Nonionizing Radiation. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT . Miami. C. National Technical Information documents are available have been shown to provide some beneficial protection from the National Technical Information Service. cutting. Cutting. C.4. (Note: Paints using pigments of substantially izing Radiation Protection Special Study No. 1978. Some pro. A9. E. ant energy.`. can produce quantities of nonionizing radiation such that (5) Marshall.1.. 1980. W. ASC Z87. 42-0312- zinc oxide or titanium dioxide have a lower reflectance 77. occurs. Evaluation of the Potential Retina Hazards from Op- for ultraviolet radiation. and W. AWS A5. New York: American National and any coating or plating on the base metal.. “Optical Radi- precautionary measures are necessary. through welding filter plates which meet the requirements of ANSI/ASC Z87.`-`-`. as welding filter plates.22-95R Radiant energy may be ionizing (such as x-rays). FL: American Welding Society. Standards Institute. Springfield. VA 22161.`. and Allied Processes. (2) Manufacturer’s product information literature. curtains. Murray. (9) National Technical Information Service. suitable shielding enclosing the welding area. nonionizing radiant energy from welding include the following measures: (6) Moss. “Optical Radiation Levels Produced in Gas Welding. It is or. E. brazing. 36 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. traviolet Radiation Generated by Electric Welding and Safety in Welding.``. The intensity and American National Standards Institute. electrode and base-metal composition.4. Practice for Occupational (7) Moss. if excessive exposure and Cutting. H. cesses such as resistance welding and cold pressure (3) American Welding Society.1. from ultraviolet radiation produced by welding arcs.. and (1) One should not look at welding arcs except --```. visible light. clude the following: red).1.`.. ation Levels Produced by Air Carbon Arc Cutting Pro- Protection from possible harmful effects caused by cesses. Nonion- flections. 1979. Nonion- a passerby from incidental exposure. Eye and Face Protection.) tical Radiation Generated by Electrical Welding and (4) Screens. Radiation can produce a variety of effects such as (1) American Welding Society. or adequate distance from aisles.” Welding Journal 57(1):62-65. ANSI/ pend on many factors. or soldering Summary Report. Cutting Arcs.. or infra.” Welding Journal 58 (9):37-46. Sliney.4 Nonionizing radiation information sources produced by the electron beam welding process. Springfield. such as the process. It should be Levels Through Transparent Welding Curtains. Torch Brazing. laser (4) Hinrichs. E. mation Service. Safety in Welding. Internet: www.01 Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines A5.7 Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes A5...22 Specification for Stainless Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding and Stainless Steel Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding A5.10 Specification for Bare Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods A5. 15 Inverness Way East.com.`--- 37 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale. telephones: (800) 854-7179.`-`-`..24 Specification for Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods A5.30 Specification for Consumable Inserts A5.`.4 Specification for Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding A5.. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT .11 Specification for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding A5.14 Specification for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods A5.5 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Covered Arc Welding Electrodes A5.9 Specification for Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods A5.2 Standard Procedures for Calibrating Magnetic Instruments to Measure the Delta Ferrite Content of Austenitic and Duplex Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel Weld Metal A4.``..16 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods A5.6 Specification for Covered Copper and Copper Alloy Arc Welding Electrodes A5... Englewood.3 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding A5.20 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding A5. and Ferritic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding A5. fax: (303) 397-2740.```. an Information Handling Services (IHS) Group company.22-95R AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents Designation Title FMC Filler Metal Comparison Charts A4.18 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding A5.15 Specification for Welding Electrodes and Rods for Cast Iron A5.26 Specification for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Electrogas Welding A5.23 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding A5.25 Specification for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Electroslag A5.`.21 Specification for Composite Surfacing Welding Rods and Electrodes A5.28 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Filler Metals for Gas Shielded Arc Welding A5.`. AWS A5..```.12 Specification for Tungsten and Tungsten Alloy Electrodes for Arc Welding and Cutting A5.`. Colorado 80112-5776.17 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding A5.31 Specification for Fluxes for Brazing and Braze Welding For ordering information. Bainitic.ihs.8 Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding A5.19 Specification for Magnesium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods A5...29 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding A5.1 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding A5.2 Specification for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Rods for Oxyfuel Gas Welding A5.13 Specification for Solid Surfacing Welding Rods and Electrodes A5.global.`.`. --```.3 Standard Methods for Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martensitic. (303) 397-7956. contact Global Engineering Documents. `--- 38 Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.`.```.`-`-`..... AWS A5..``.```.`...`.`.. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT ..22-95R This page is intentionally blank.`. --```..`. ``..`..`...`.`.`--- Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale.....```. 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT ...`-`-`.```. --```.`.`. ....17 9 Dimensions of Standard 4 in...21 A1 Classification System ......................15 7 Orientation and Location of Impact Test Specimen ...................20 10 Dimensions of Standard 8.............................................13 5B Rounded Indication Standards for Radiographic Test — 3/4 in.. (200............................10 6 Tension Test Requirements.................................19 9 Packaging Requirements............... 2 2 Required Shielding Medium..................................................................... 08/17/2005 11:53:55 MDT ... 9 5A Rounded Indication Standards for Radiographic Test — 1/2 in..... 1 Chemical Composition Requirements for Undiluted Weld Metal........................................................```........................................................................................................16 8 Fillet Weld Test Specimen and Dimensional Requirements ................................... and 14 in......................................................................... Polarity................................`.......... and 750 mm) Spools....................... 3 3 Examples of Potentially Occurring Dual Classified Electrodes ..........`................................................................... and Drums ......................... 300............. and Welding Process.... 3 4 Required Tests............................. 24........................ Plate .........18 8 Standard Dimensions for Coils.............28 A3 Espy Percent Ferrite Diagram for Stainless Weld Metal ...``..................... With and Without Support.......................... Plate . (550................... (100 mm) Spool....................`--- x Copyright American Welding Society Provided by IHS under license with AWS Licensee=Alyeska Pipeline SVC/9979734100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale............29 A4 DeLong (FN) Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metal ................................```...................... 8 4 Preparation of Fillet Weld Test Specimen ................19 List of Figures Figure Page No.......................... and Radiographic Tests. Impact..................`..........11 7 Standard Electrode and Rod Sizes and Tolerances .................................................................................................................................22-95R List of Tables Table Page No........`......................................................14 6 Tension Test Specimen ...................................`.. and 30 in................................................................................................................................................................................................................................24 A2 WRC-1992 (FN) Diagram for Stainless Steel Weld Metal...................................................................................... and 350 mm) Spools......... 7 3B Groove Weld Assembly for Root Bend Test ...............................`-`-`................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 5 Preheat and Interpass Temperature Requirements for Groove Weld Test Assemblies .. 1 Pad for Chemical Analysis of Undiluted Weld Metal ..................................................20 11 Dimensions of 22.............`...................... 6 3A Groove Weld Assembly for Face Bend Test ........................................................ 600........................................................................................................................30 --```................... 5 2 Groove Weld Assembly for Tension....................................................................... 12............................................................................ AWS A5.