Creating and Presenting 3D ModelsAutodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC) AutoCAD ® 2009 001A1-050008-1720A June 2008 © 2008 Autodesk, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by Autodesk, Inc., this publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose. Certain materials included in this publication are reprinted with the permission of the copyright holder. 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Published by: Autodesk, Inc. 111 Mclnnis Parkway San Rafael, CA 94903, USA Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Chapter 1: 3D Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Lesson: Introduction to 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Types of 3D Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Navigating and Displaying 3D Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Changing the Model Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 About the ViewCube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Using the ViewCube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Orbiting Your 3D Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Setting Viewport Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Exercise: Use ViewCube to Navigate a 3D Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Exercise: Interact with 3D Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Lesson: Creating Solid Primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 About Solid Primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Creating a Solid Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Creating a Solid Sphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Creating a Solid Cylinder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Creating a Solid Cone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Creating a Solid Wedge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Creating a Solid Torus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Creating a Solid Pyramid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Exercise: Create Individual Solid Primitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Exercise: Create Solid Primitives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 iii Lesson: Creating Models from 2D Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 About Models from 2D Profiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 About the Right-Hand Rule of Rotation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 About Choosing a Model Creation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Creating a Model Using the Extrude Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Creating a Model Using the Loft Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Creating a Model Using the Planar Surface Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Creating a Model Using the Polysolid Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Creating a Model Using the Revolve Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Creating a Model Using the Sweep Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Creating a Model Using the Presspull Command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Creating a Helical Path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Exercise: Create Solid Models from 2D Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Exercise: Create Surface Models from 2D Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Exercise: Create Sweeps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Exercise: Create Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Exercise: Mass Shapes with 3D Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Exercise: Model a Hair Dryer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Lesson: Creating Composite Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 About Composite Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Creating Solids Using Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Creating Solids Using Subtract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Creating Solids Using Intersect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Checking Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Exercise: Create Composite Solids - Mechanical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Exercise: Create Composite Solids - Architectural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Lesson: Working in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 About the Cartesian Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Changing the Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Changing the UCS Icon Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Changing the Coordinate System Dynamically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Acquiring Points in 3D Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Exercise: Work with the UCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Exercise: Use a Dynamic UCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Exercise: Use Dynamic Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Exercise: Track with Object Snaps in 3D - Architectural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Exercise: Track with Object Snaps in 3D - Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 iv ■ Contents Chapter 2: Editing Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Lesson: Adding Detail to Your Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Filleting Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chamfering Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slicing a Solid Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Create 3D Fillets and Chamfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Slice a Solid Along a Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Slice a Solid with a Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Editing Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About Solid History and Editing Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About Grip Editing Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing Sub-Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Extruding Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moving Faces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Offsetting Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deleting Faces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rotating Faces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tapering Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a Shell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imprinting Edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Separating Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changing Face Color. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changing Edge Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slicing Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Edit Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Edit Solids to Create Complex Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Edit Solids Using Grips and Sub-Object Selection . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Extracting Geometry from Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying Edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Extracting All Model Edges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exploding 3D Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Extract Geometry from Solid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Changing the Model Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moving in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aligning in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rotating in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Manipulate the Models - Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Manipulate the Models - Architectural. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Duplicating the Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mirroring in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arraying in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Mirror Objects in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Array Objects in 3D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Mirror and Array Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 130 131 133 136 139 142 144 146 146 147 149 152 154 156 157 158 160 161 163 165 166 167 169 170 172 176 178 180 180 181 182 183 184 185 188 188 189 191 192 195 198 201 201 202 203 207 209 211 Contents ■ v Lesson: Getting Information from 3D Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Checking Solid Model Integrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Viewing Mass Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Exercise: Get Information from 3D Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 Lesson: Converting Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 About Converting 2D Objects to Solids or Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Converting to Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Converting to Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 About Thickening Surfaces into Solids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Thickening Surfaces to Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Exercise: Convert Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 Chapter 3: Sectioning a Model and Creating Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Lesson: Section a Solid Model and Generate 2D Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 About Flattened Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 Displaying 2D Geometry from a Model View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 Creating Simple Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 Creating Section Planes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 Manipulating Section Planes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Generating 2D/3D Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Exercise: Create Cross Sections and Slice Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 Exercise: Flatten a View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Exercise: Define Section Planes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 Exercise: Draw a Section Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Lesson: Creating Drawings from 3D Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Types of Views from 3D Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Shaded and Hidden Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Creating Views from Flatshots and Sectionplanes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Exercise: Create Layouts of 3D Models - Mechanical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Exercise: Create Layouts of 3D Models - Architectural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 Exercise: Create a Section Plane Layout View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 Chapter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 Chapter 4: Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 Lesson: Using Visual Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 About Visual Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Using the Visual Styles Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Using the Visual Styles Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Exporting Visual Styles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Exercise: Use and Create Visual Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Exercise: Apply Visual Styles to Layout Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 vi ■ Contents Lesson: Using Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Lights to a Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing Lights in a Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Work with Lights in a Scene - Architectural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Work with Lights in a Scene - Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Using Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Working with Predefined Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating and Editing Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Add Materials to Your Scene - Architectural. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Add Materials to Your Scene - Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Using the Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About the Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About the Visualize tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Specifying Your Scene’s Geographic Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About the Sun Properties Palette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Use the Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Rendering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About the Rendering Environment and Render Presets . . . . . . . . . . . . Rendering Views, Cropped Regions, and Selected Objects . . . . . . . . . About the Render Window and Image Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Render Output Size and Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advanced Rendering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Render an Architectural Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Render a Mechanical Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesson: Navigating the Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Walking and Flying Through a Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recording an Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Animation Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Walk Through a Model and Create a Path Animation . . . . . . Lesson: Leveraging Cameras and Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . About Cameras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating Cameras and Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Activating and Managing Camera Views. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing ShowMotion Presentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating Views for Presentation with Show Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Create Camera Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercise: Use ShowMotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chapter Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294 294 295 297 300 307 310 314 314 315 317 321 328 331 333 333 334 334 336 341 346 349 349 349 351 352 355 358 361 363 366 366 367 372 374 377 380 380 381 382 388 392 394 397 401 404 Contents ■ vii Appendix A: Additional Support and Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 Courseware from Autodesk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 Autodesk Services & Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 Autodesk Subscription. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Autodesk Consulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Autodesk Partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 Autodesk Authorized Training Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Autodesk Student Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Autodesk Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 Autodesk Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 Useful Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 viii ■ Contents Acknowledgements The Autodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC) team wishes to thank everyone who participated in the development of this project, with special acknowledgement to the authoring contributions and subject matter expertise of Ron Myers and CrWare, LP. CrWare, LP began publishing courseware for Autodesk® Inventor® in 2001. Since that time, the company has grown to include full-time curriculum developers, subject matter experts, and technical writers, each with a unique set of industry experiences and talents that enables CrWare to create content that is both accurate and relevant to meeting the learning needs of its readers and customers. The company’s Founder and General Partner, Ron Myers, has been using Autodesk® products since 1989. During that time, Ron Myers worked in all disciplines of drafting and design, until 1996 when he began a career as an Applications Engineer, Instructor, and Author. Ron Myers has been creating courseware and other training material for Autodesk since 1996 and has written and created training material for AutoCAD®, Autodesk Inventor, AutoCAD® Mechanical, Mechanical Desktop, and Autodesk® Impression. Acknowledgements ■ ix x ■ Acknowledgements Introduction Welcome to the AutoCAD 2009: Creating and Presenting 3D Models Autodesk Official Training Courseware (AOTC), training courseware for use in Authorized Training Center (ATC®) locations, corporate training settings, and other classroom settings. Although this courseware is designed for instructor-led courses, you can also use it for self-paced learning. The courseware encourages self-learning through the use of the AutoCAD® Help system. This introduction covers the following topics: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Course objectives Prerequisites Using this courseware CD contents Completing the exercises Installing the exercise data files from the CD Imperial and metric datasets Notes, tips, and warnings Feedback This courseware is complementary to the software documentation. For detailed explanations of features and functionality, refer to the Help in the software. Course Objectives After completing this course, you will be able to: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Represent a design by creating solid primitives, solid or surface models from cross-sectional geometry, or composite models from multiple solid models. Complete a solid model design by adding the necessary features to detail, duplicate, and position 3D models. Convert 2D objects to 3D objects. Document a 3D design by creating 2D drawings for production and visualization. Communicate your design ideas using visual styles, lights, model walk-through tools, and renderings. xi Prerequisites This course is designed for the AutoCAD user who possesses an introductory-level knowledge of AutoCAD or has been using AutoCAD for some time and understands the basics of working with AutoCAD. Terminology and instructions assume this level of experience when concepts, procedures, and exercises are discussed. It is recommended that you have a working knowledge of: ■ ■ ■ ■ Microsoft Windows® XP or Microsoft® Windows® Vista. The current or a previous release of AutoCAD. How to create and edit basic AutoCAD objects. How to create and work with layouts. Using This Courseware The lessons are independent of each other. However, it is recommended that you complete these lessons in the order that they are presented unless you are familiar with the concepts and functionality described in those lessons. Each chapter contains: ■ ■ Lessons Usually two or more lessons in each chapter. Exercises Practical, real-world examples for you to practice using the functionality you have just learned. Each exercise contains step-by-step procedures and graphics to help you complete the exercise successfully. CD Contents The CD attached to the back cover of this book contains all the data and drawings you need to complete the exercises in this course. Completing the Exercises You can complete the exercises by using the book or working on screen. ■ ■ xii ■ Use the book Follow the step-by-step exercises in the book. On screen Click the AOTC - AutoCAD 2009 Creating and Presenting 3D Models icon installed on your desktop from the CD, and follow the step-by-step exercises on screen. The onscreen exercises are the same as those in the book. The onscreen version has the advantage that you can concentrate on the screen without having to glance down at your book. Introduction After launching the onscreen exercises, you might need to alter the size of your application window to align both windows. Installing the Exercise Data Files from the CD To install the data files for the exercises: 1. Insert the courseware CD. 2. When the setup wizard begins, follow the instructions on screen to install the data. 3. If the wizard does not start automatically, browse to the root directory of the CD and double-click Setup.exe. Unless you specify a different folder, the exercise files are installed in the following folder: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Autodesk Learning\AutoCAD 2009\ Creating and Presenting 3D Models After you install the data from the CD, this folder contains all the files necessary to complete each exercise in this course. You can also use the Autodesk Learning shortcut on your desktop to quickly access the datasets for each AOTC course on your computer. Introduction ■ xiii Imperial and Metric Datasets In exercises that specify units of measurement, alternative files are provided as shown in the following example: ■ Open i_stair_settings.dwg (imperial) or m_stair_settings.dwg (metric). In the exercise steps, the imperial value is followed by the metric value in parentheses as shown in the following example: ■ For Length, enter 13'2" (4038 mm). For exercises with no specific units of measurement, files are provided as shown in the following example: ■ Open c_stair_settings.dwg (common). In the exercise steps, the unitless value is specified as shown in the following example: ■ For Length, enter 400. Some exercise may be provided with only a metric or imperial version. In those instances, you will be asked to enter the appropriate value, as described previously. Notes, Tips, and Warnings Throughout this courseware, notes, tips, and warnings are called out for special attention. Notes contain guidelines, constraints, and other explanatory information. Tips provide information to enhance your productivity. Warnings provide information about actions that might result in the loss of data, system failures, or other serious consequences. Feedback We always welcome feedback on Autodesk Official Training Courseware. After completing this course, if you have suggestions for improvements or if you want to report an error in the book or on the CD, please send your comments to
[email protected]. xiv ■ Introduction