Alphabets Ciphers & Scripts: The Alphabet of ArrowsAlphabet of Daggers (Dagger Script) Alphabet of the Genii (aka. Alphabet of the Celestial Language, Alphabet of the Angels, Celestial Writing ) Alphabet of the Magi Angelic/Celestial Script Apollonian Aramaic Avestan Bobileth Coptic Enochian (John Dee, Edward Kelley) Enochian (Johannus Pantheus) Eva Hand A (Voynich) Gothic Greek (Early) Greek (Classical) Greek-Hebrew Numeration Hebrew (Ancient) Hebrew ( Paleo-Ugaritic) Hebrew (Letter-Family Tree) Hebrew (Script Comparison) Illuminati Ciphers Linear A Linear B Malachim Masonic/Rosicrucian Cipher - (Royal Arch Cipher, AIQ BKR) Ogham Passing of the River (Transitus Fluvii) Pictish Swirl Script Phoenician Runic Alphabet: Barddas Etruscan Futhark Elder Futhark (Denmark) Pecti-Wita Pictish Pictish Swirl Theban (Honorian Script, The Witches' Alphabet) Trithemius's Angelic Cypher Ye Alphabet of Nug-Soth Celestial Script Comparison Magickal Alphabets (Barrett - The Magus) Enochian-Hebrew-Greek Comparison Alphabet Charts: Numerical Values of Greek Alphabet 1 x1 x 10 x 100 A I P (R) 2 B K (S) 3 (G) (L) T 4 (D) M Y (U) 5 E N (F) 6 *1 7 Z O (Y) 8 H (P) (W) 9 (Q) *2 *3 (C) (X) (Betacodes follow in parentheses) Notes 1. digamma (archaic Greek letter, shape similar to an F) 2. qoppa (archaic Greek letter, shape similar to a Q) 3. sampi (archaic Greek letter, shape similar to an M) Numerical Values of Roman Alphabet Genetic System*1 1 x1 x 10 x 100 Notes A I, J R 2 B K S 3 C, G L T 4 D M U, V, W, Y 5 E N X*2 6 F 7 Z O 8 H P Q 9 1. There does not seem to have been an ancient system of "Roman gematria." This system is genetic (rather than 2. phonetic) in the sense that it assigns numerical values to Roman letters on the basis of the Greek letters from which they were derived. This system is the same as the Golden Dawn system, except that the latter assigns X=60. The correct value is X=600, since Roman X derives from Greek chi (which has the value 600), since chi had the phonetic value "ks" in the Western Greek alphabets. Beatus of Liebana System 1 x1 x 10 x 100 Note * Beatus' System is based on the 21 letters of the Medieval Roman alphabet, which did not include W, Y or Z. For convenience they have been assigned values here. A K T 2 B L U, V, (W)* 3 C M X 4 D N (Y)* 5 E O (Z)* 6 F P 7 G Q 8 H R 9 I, J S Common System of 10th and 11th Centuries* 1 x1 x 10 x 100 Note * This system is found in several manuscripts of the tenth and eleventh centuries. It seems to be modeled (not entirely successfully) after the Hebrew assignments. Numerical Values of Hebrew Alphabet* 1 x1 x 10 x 100 A aleph I yod Q qoph 2 B beth K kaph R resh 3 G gimel L lamed S shin 4 D daleth M mem T tau 5 H he N nun 6 V vau C samekh 7 Z zayin O ayin 8 X cheth P pe 9 J teth F tzaddi A I, J R 2 B K S 3 C L T 4 D M U, V, W 5 E N X O Y 6 7 F P Z 8 G Q 9 H Note * The Hebrew alphabet is represented here by the Roman letters: ABGDHVZXJIKLMNCOPFQRST; W may also be used for V (vau), and Y may be used for I (iod). Order of Nazorean Essenes: Upper or lower case is okay, blanks and punctuation are ignored. O:N:E: Gematria uses the following values for the English alphabet: A(1), B (2), H(8), I(10), O(70), P(80), V(6), W(800), C(3), J(10), Q(100), X(60), D(4), K(20), R(200), Y(10), E(5), F(80), G(3), L(30), M(40), N(50), S(300), T(400), U(6), Z(7). NAEQ6: A 1 L 2 W 3 H 4 S 5 D 6 O 7 Z K V G R C 8 9 10 11 12 13 X I T E P 22 23 24 25 26 N Y J U F Q B M 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Tolvotea Key: Discovered 1/26/03 by John Farthing II (Frater O.R) A-1 I-4 Q-6 Y-8 F-10 N-12 V-14 D-16 L-18 T-20 B-22 J-24 R-26 Z-0 G-2 O-3 W-5 E-7 M-11 U-13 C-17 K-19 S-23 H-29 P-31 X-28 AlphaNumberValue (ANV) AlphaNumber Alphanumeric Value 64 34 58 56 60 42 52 65 49 42 Reduced Value Set Identification ZERO ONE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE SIX SEVEN EIGHT NINE 1 7 4 2 6 6 7 2 4 6 (Stand Alone) 3-Letter Set 3-Letter Set 5-Letter Set 4-Letter Set 4-Letter Set 3-Letter Set 5-Letter Set 5-Letter Set 4-Letter Set Gematria For Latin Characters & Ciphers: Ciphers and codes came into fairly widespread use in the 16th and 17th Centuries, significant exponents being Trithemius, Agrippa, Dee, and Bacon. "…Henry Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, '… may be considered as the text book of the old Rosicrucian philosophy.' It is in Agrippa's esoteric compendium, published in 1531, that we find the key. The second book of this tome is devoted to numbers and mathematical magic: the eighteenth chapter gives the gematria code of Greek, the nineteenth chapter gives that of Hebrew and the twentieth gives the code of Roman script languages, such as English." The authorship of Shakespeare's works has been debated for many years. It is believed by many that Francis Bacon was their actual author. The champions of this belief rely heavily on evidence of encrypted messages they say is buried within the original editions of Shakespeare's works. The "Simple", "Reverse", "Short", and "Kaye" ciphers are known as Baconian. AGRIPPA SIMPLE A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 600 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 700 900 300 400 500 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 REVERSE SHORT 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 KAYE 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 Genetic Correspondences (Hebrew-Greek-Roman) In an effort to translate into the Graeco-Roman Tradition some ideas from the Western Magical and Hermetic Tradition, including Qabala and Tarot, I've developed the following table of correspondence between the Hebrew alphabet and Greek and Roman alphabets. There are no deep secrets here; this information can be found in any history of the alphabet. Indeed, the correspondences are the same as those given by Regardie (Complete Golden Dawn System of Magick), with the single exception of X; this correction of the Golden Dawn assignment is explained in note 5 below. What follows is a table of genetic correspondences rather than phonetic correspondences, the latter being much less exact and more changeable. Systematic genetic correspondences are possible because the Hebrew, Greek and Roman alphabets derive from a common source, the North Semitic alphabet of c.1700 BCE. The Roman comes to us via Etruscan and Greek c.800 BCE, and the Greek comes via Phoenician, c.1000 BCE. In this sense Aleph, Alpha and A are in essence the same letter. It's worth noting that the Modern Hebrew alphabet, which is commonly used in esoteric work, is no closer in form to the original alphabet than are the Greek or Roman alphabets. Indeed, the Old Hebrew alphabet (c. 900 BCE) looks much more like the Early Greek alphabet than it looks like Modern Hebrew. Therefore I see no reason to believe that the Modern Hebrew alphabet has more "magical potency" than the Greek or Roman alphabets. Table of Genetic Correspondences No Hebrew Greek Greek Roman Letter Letter Number Letter ---------------------------------------------------1 aleph alpha 1 A 2 beth beta 2 B 3 gimel gamma 3 CG 4 daleth delta 4 D 5 he e-psilon 5 E 6 wau wau *1 6 F 7 zayin zeta 7 Z 8 heth eta 8 H 9 teth theta 9 *3 10 yod iota 10 IJ 11 koph kappa 20 K 12 lamedh lambda 30 L 13 men mu 40 M 14 nun nu 50 N 15 samekh xi 60 *5 16 ayin o-micron 70 O 17 pe pi 80 P 18 sade san *2 -- *4 19 qoph qoppa *1 90 Q 20 resh rho 100 R 21 sin sigma 200 S 22 tau tau 300 T ------------------------------u-psilon 400 UVWY phi 500 chi 600 X *5 psi 700 o-mega 800 sampi *1 900 NOTES: No: This is the numerical position of the letter in the Hebrew alphabet as used in various magical systems. It also essentially the order in the Phoenician and the earliest Greek alphabets. Hebrew Letter: The name of the Hebrew letter. Greek Letter: The name of the Greek letter; letters after the horizontal line below the 22nd letter are later additions that do not correspond to Phoenician or Hebrew letters. Nevertheless the numerical assignments to the Greek letters predate the assignments to the Hebrew. Greek Number: This is the numerical value of the Greek letter in the usual Greek number notation. With the possible exception of San, it corresponds to the Hebrew/Phoenician order (see note *2 below). Roman Letter: This is the Roman letter genetically related to the Greek. No Roman letters are derived from Xi. Notes to Individual Letters: *1 Wau, Qoppa and Sampi are obsolete Greek letters, which in the classical period were only used for writing numerals. Wau looks like an F, Qoppa looks like a Q with a vertical tail. *2 San, corresponding to Sade, was used in some early Greek alphabets for an S sound. It is often taken to be equivalent to Sampi (also an obsolete S sound), and so it's reasonable to assign it the numerical value 900. *3 There is no Roman letter genetically related to Teth/Theta. *4 There is no Roman letter genetically related to Sade/San. *5 The Roman letter X derives from the Greek letter now called Chi, which is identical in shape. This is because the Roman alphabet developed from an early Greek alphabet in which the letter shaped X (with numerical value 600) had the sound /ks/. In the classical Greek alphabet this letter had the sound /kh/, whence its name Chi. The Greek letter Xi, which had the sound /ks/ in the classical alphabet (but not in the alphabet from which the Roman alphabet derives), is unrelated to Roman X, and in fact looks nothing like it.