Allplan 2014Step by Step Geodesy This documentation has been produced with the utmost care. Nemetschek Allplan Systems GmbH and the program authors have no liability to the purchaser or any other entity, with respect to any liability, loss, or damage caused, directly or indirectly by this software, including but not limited to, any interruptions of service, loss of business, anticipatory profits, or consequential damages resulting from the use or operation of this software. In the event of discrepancies between the descriptions and the program, the menu and program lines displayed by the program take precedence. Information in this documentation is subject to change without notice. Companies, names and data used in examples are fictitious unless otherwise noted. No part of this documentation may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of Nemetschek Allplan Systems GmbH. 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All rights reserved. 1st edition, February 2014 Document no. 141eng01s07-1-BM0214 Geodesy Contents i Contents Before You Start ... ....................................................................... 1 Requirements..........................................................................................................2 Feedback on the documentation ..................................................................... 2 Sources of information ....................................................................................... 3 Documentation ............................................................................................................ 3 Additional help ............................................................................................................ 4 Training, coaching and project support ......................................................... 5 Project and drawing files.................................................................................... 6 Basic settings for the exercises ......................................................................... 9 Track tracing...............................................................................................................10 Unit 1: Site Plan module .......................................................... 11 Overview of exercises ....................................................................................... 12 Exercise 1: main road ..............................................................................................12 Exercise 2: side road.................................................................................................13 Initial settings ..................................................................................................... 14 Exercise 1: main road........................................................................................ 15 Task 1: entering the road gradient ......................................................................15 Task 2: labeling and stationing the main road ................................................23 Exercise 2: side road .......................................................................................... 29 Task 1: designing the side road ............................................................................29 Task 2: labeling and stationing the side road...................................................34 Task 3: skewing the roadsides ...............................................................................37 Task 4: connecting the side road to the main road ........................................42 .................................................. 75 Overview of exercises ................................................................ 79 Exercise 5: importing DTM files ....................................................................................................... 76 Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 51 Task 1: placing terrain points .......... 57 A note on meshing elements at the height of the terrain ............ 78 Data on the Internet ............................................ 46 Exercise 4: raising a 3D element..................................................... 51 Task 2: creating and optimizing a DTM ....................................................................... 85 Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient .............. 77 Exercise 9: slope ............. 80 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section ..... 67 Exercise 4: raising a 3D element .......................................................................................... 79 Downloading data.......................................................................................... 76 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section ................................................................................................................................................................. 76 Exercise 5: importing DTM files .......................... 49 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model .............. 78 Exercise 10: computing cut and fill ................................................................................................ii Contents Allplan 2014 Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module .. 62 Task 4: drawing contour lines and labeling the DTM ...................................................... 45 Overview of exercises ........................................ 63 Task 5: changing the smoothing factor of contour lines..................................... 69 Unit 3: road construction. 97 ................. 48 Default settings .......................................................................................................... 77 Exercise 8: torsion trace ............................................... 46 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model ................................................................................................... 61 Task 3: entering a breakline ..................... 94 Exercise 8: torsion trace............................ ....................................................................................................................Geodesy Contents iii Exercise 9: slope ................................................................... 117 Task 1: defining the path............................................................................................................. 118 Task 2: entering cross-sections ............................................................................................. 116 Bridge cross-section ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 116 Designing the road ..... 101 Exercise 10: computing the cut and fill......... 107 Exercise 11: importing file using an offset .............................................................................................................................................................. 106 Unit 4: importing files ................... 130 Index ........................................................ 135 ............................................................... 122 Task 3: exporting data . 103 Additional steps to edit the DTM ..................................... 108 Appendix .......... 115 Bridge construction .................................. iv Contents Allplan 2014 . create a You can download the data for units 3. create a slope and compute the cut and fill by comparing the original terrain with the modified terrain. Unit 2 shows you how to create a digital terrain model.. the most important tools of Site Plan and Digital Terrain Model modules the are presented to you in four units: Unit 1 shows you how to create a site plan.Geodesy Before You Start . You raise a road to the height of the terrain. 1 Before You Start .. Unit 3 contains additional exercises for road construction. The appendix includes an example showing how to Bridge/Civil Engineering Component. . our service portal. Unit 4 shows you how to use the offset to import and export files. 4 and the appendix from Allplan Connect. In this step-by-step guide... Feel free to contact us as follows: Documentation Nemetschek Allplan Systems GmbH Konrad-Zuse-Platz 1 81829 Munich.2 Requirements Allplan 2014 Requirements This step-by-step guide assumes that you are familiar with and have a working knowledge of Windows and Allplan 2014. However.de . Feedback on the documentation We are always trying to improve the overall quality of our program documentation. Germany Phone: 0180 1 750000 Fax: 0180 1 750001 Email: Dokumentation@nemetschek. It is a good idea to work through the exercises in the given sequence as tools that are presented in more detail in the earlier exercises are only referred to by name in later exercises. Please do not hesitate to contact us to express criticism or praise concerning the documentation. The essentials are described in the manual and in the Allplan help. you can work through the four units in any sequence as all the given examples are independent exercises. Your comments and suggestions are important to us and we welcome feedback on the manuals and online help. • The Manual consists of two parts.com). system administration.Geodesy Before You Start . • The Engineering Tutorial guides you step by step through the process of creating key plans.. • The Basics Tutorial guides you step by step through the most important tools for designing and modifying elements in Allplan. .allplan. The second part is designed to provide an overview of basic concepts and terms in Allplan as well as introduce approaches for entering data in Allplan. 3 Sources of information Documentation The Allplan documentation consists of the following: • The help is the main source of information for learning about and working with Allplan. or activate Default toolbar and click the icon on which you require help. • Each volume in the Step-by-Step series deals with a specific concept or series of tools/modules in Allplan in detail. As a Serviceplus member you can download these guides as PDF files in the Learn . • New Features in Allplan provide information on what's new in the latest version. While you work with Allplan. In addition. general arrangement drawings and reinforcement drawings and shows you how to print the results.Documents area of Allplan Connect (http://connect. The first part shows how to install Allplan. 3D modeling etc. • The Architecture Tutorial guides you step by step through the process of designing a building. The areas covered include data exchange. you can get help on the current Help on the function by pressing the F1 key. geodesy modules. presentation modules. you learn how to analyze the building data using reports and to print the results.. User forum (for Serviceplus customers) Allplan forum in Allplan Connect: users exchange information. valuable tips relating to everyday work and advice on specific tasks.com On the Internet: solutions to frequently asked questions You can find solutions to numerous questions answered by the technical support team in the comprehensive knowledge database at connect. This topic provides practical tips and tricks showing you how to use Allplan efficiently and how to carry out operations with ease.com/faq Feedback on the help If you have suggestions or questions on the help.de . Register now at connect. or if you come across an error.4 Sources of information Allplan 2014 Additional help Tips on efficient usage The ? menu includes Tips for efficient usage.allplan. send an e-mail to:
[email protected]. • One-on-one seminars are best when it comes to addressing your own particular methods of working. 5 Training..Geodesy Before You Start . comprehensive seminar program is the quickest way for professional users to learn how to use the new system. which can be found on our homepage (http://www. • Special seminars are designed for users who wish to extend and optimize their knowledge. coaching and project support The type of training you are given is a decisive factor in the amount of time you actually spend working on your own projects: a professional introduction to the programs and advanced seminars for advanced users can save you up to 35% of your editing time! A tailor-made training strategy is essential. please consult our online seminar guide.de).. convey the essentials in a compact format. • One-day crash courses.nemetschek-training. For more detailed information on the current training program. designed for office heads. Nemetschek’s authorized seminar centers offer an extensive range of programs and are happy to work out a custom solution with you that will address your own needs and requirements: • Our sophisticated. • We are also happy to hold seminars on your premises: These encompass not only Allplan issues but include analysis and optimization of processes and project organization. You can also contact us for full details Phone: 0180 1 750000 Fax: 0180 1 750001 . ProjectPilot opens. ProjectPilot. As an alternative. click New Project…. select You can create projects in New Project. To create a project in ProjectPilot 1 Click ProjectPilot on the File menu. Note: The basic concepts of project organization are described in detail in the Allplan help. 3 Enter the project name Step by Step . Open Project on the Default toolbar.6 Project and drawing files Allplan 2014 Project and drawing files Start by creating a new project for the exercises in this step-by-step guide. .Geodesy in the New Project – Specify Project Name dialog box and click Next. 2 On the File menu of ProjectPilot. 7 . Tip: Offsets can be used to import supra-regional country coordinates with high numbers (e. 4 Make sure that the offset is not selected and click Next to confirm.Geodesy Before You Start . Gauss-Krüger coordinates).. Offsets always apply to the entire project. you will learn how to import files using an offset..g. In unit 4. The new project opens automatically. It is a good idea to create these drawing files before you start: Unit Drawing Drawing file name file number 1 1 Main road (location line + parallel lines) with label 2 Side road with connection to main road 2 11 Digital terrain model created by entering single points 3 21 Digital terrain model. 6 Close ProjectPilot by clicking Exit on the File menu. .8 Project and drawing files Allplan 2014 5 Clear the Template . You require the following drawing files to accomplish the exercises presented in the individual units. You are back in Allplan 2014. imported using an offset 4 Note: Allplan automatically names drawing files 22 and 23 when calculating the cut and fill. imported 22 Cut and fill: digital terrain model. imported 23 Cut and fill: unedited digital terrain model 25 Unedited digital terrain model 31 Point file with free ASCII format.Detached house with building structure check box and click Finish to confirm the last dialog box. 2 Dock the Landscaping/Urban Planning toolbar in the right border of the viewport beside the Edit toolbar. Advanced Draft flyout Site Plan flyout Digital Terrain Model flyout Landscaping flyout Urban Planning flyout Modifications flyout 3 Set the unit of length in the border of the viewport to m.. On the View menu. You require an additional configuration toolbar. 4 Set the reference scale in the border of the viewport to 1:1000. we advise bookmarking or making a copy of this page. Basic settings for the exercises All the exercises use the following basic settings. select pen thickness 0.. To define basic settings 1 The Palette Configuration is active by default. 9 .25 and linetype 1. Do not change this setting. point to Toolbars and click Landscaping/Urban Planning. Tip: As the exercises in this guide make constant reference to the flyouts.Geodesy Before You Start . 5 On the Format toolbar. 10 Basic settings for the exercises Allplan 2014 Track tracing Track tracing facilitates the intuitive design process. It is active by default. To make settings for track tracing 1 Click Line (Create menu - Draft module). 2 Click in the workspace with the right mouse button and select Track tracing options on the shortcut menu. 3 Make the required settings. Note: You can quickly switch track tracing on and off at any time while entering points by pressing the F11 key or clicking in the dialog line. 4 Click OK to confirm the settings and press ESC to quit the tool. Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 11 Unit 1: Site Plan module Site Plan is a module that includes a wide range of tools that are particularly useful for road and bridge construction. Amongst others, it includes tools for creating curves and slopes of any shape, as well as for location line labeling and stationing. Additional tools are provided for creating point files and for exchanging these with geodetic stations, for example. 12 Overview of exercises Allplan 2014 Overview of exercises Exercise 1: main road • Create individual elements • Combine the individual elements to produce a composite element • Create roadsides as parallel lines to the composite element • Define the labels for the road location line • Label the main curve points of the composite element • Disable the labels for the main curve points • Station the location line Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module Exercise 2: side road • Design the side road • Move the station’s reference point • Station the side road • Skew the roadsides manually and in compliance with RAS • Connect side road to main road by filleting 13 . 3 Click OK to confirm the settings. To set general defaults for the Site Plan module 1 Click Options (Standard toolbar) and then Terrain.14 Initial settings Allplan 2014 Initial settings First. 2 Set the options in the Site plan and advanced draft area as shown below: Make sure that point symbols and lines are created as 3D elements. These general defaults are used in all exercises in this step-by-step guide. . set general defaults for the Site Plan module. . • To ensure that the element has the same direction as the previous one.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 15 Exercise 1: main road It is advisable to create the main road and the side road in two separate drawing files so that you can see better and to reduce the volume of data per drawing file. Now the element is created. you can station and label the road. right-click in the workspace to confirm the settings. start by entering the road gradient. and you can continue and enter the parameters for the next element. • Finally. First enter the elements of which the gradient consists. The basic procedure is always the same: • Define the element’s parameters on the context toolbar. To create the main road. modified and edited as a single entity. While you are defining the element. Allplan automatically uses the coordinates and direction defined by this point. Then create the roadsides as parallel lines. Use the Modify Element Parameters tool. specify the start point as follows: define the previous element as the reference element and the end point as the reference point. a brief overview of the necessary steps: • Create the road location line first. it is displayed in construction line color on screen. This way. The following step-by-step guide describes in detail how to do this. After this. • For further editing. which can then be addressed. Task 1: entering the road gradient To begin with. join the individual elements to form a composite element . Parallel Line Segments to create the roadsides and the • Use shoulder. Modify Element Parameters to check the • You can use composite element once again. set the parameters Rad (Rs) and Rad (Re) to 0 and enter 20 for the arc Length. Modify Element Parameters (Site Plan flyout). Click Global point in the dialog line.16 Exercise 1: main road Allplan 2014 To enter parameters 1 Click Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar). click XS (X coordinate in start point) on the Modify Element Parameters Context toolbar. make drawing file 1 current and close all the others. 7 The first element is to be a line. Now the element is displayed on screen as a construction line based on the parameters you have set. 4 Define the start point of the first element using the global point setting. 5 Enter the following values for the global point: Global X coordinate: 5 Global Y coordinate: 5 6 Press ENTER to confirm. Infinite is shown in the data entry box. To create a line. 3 To define the start point of the first element. 2 Click Tip: If you enter the value 0 for the radius. The context toolbar should now look like this: . If the arrow has the wrong direction. The line is created using the pen thickness and line type currently set. Tip: When designing circles. 10 Click Delta point in the dialog line and then the line created previously to select it as the reference element.000 11 . 11 Click the end point of the line to select it as the reference point
(see below). The direction is indicated by an arrow (see below). click XS (X coordinate in start point) so that the following element (a circle) is connected directly to the line.000 A= 50. it is important to change the direction as circles are always created in a counter-clockwise direction. 9 On the context toolbar. 10 Direction of element 12 Enter the following values on the context toolbar: Rad (Re) 80. you can change it using S->E or E->S in the input options.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 17 8 Right-click in the workspace to confirm the settings. The start point of the element automatically assumes the angle and the coordinates of this point. Modify Element Parameters remains active. . The clothoid is created. change the direction by clicking in the input options. Repeat the steps above: • On the context toolbar. • Double-click with the middle mouse button in the workspace to refresh the display so that you can see the drawing in its entirety.18 Exercise 1: main road Allplan 2014 13 Confirm the parameters. Allplan automatically calculates the other values. click XS. Your drawing should now look like this: st 1 element (line) nd 2 element (clothoid) 14 Use the values given in the table below to enter the other elements. • Confirm the parameters. • Enter the values as shown below (you only need to enter the values shown in bold). All you need to do is enter the values that are shown in bold. • If necessary. • Click the reference element (the element you created last). • Click the reference point whose angle and coordinates you wish to adopt (the end point of the element you created last). Geodesy Type Unit 1: Site Plan module Length m Straight line already entered Clothoid already entered Rad (Rs) m 19 Rad (Re) m A= Circle 40.000 80.000 80.000 Spiral clothoid 45.9375 80.000 - 40.000 35.000 Circle 30,000 - 40.000 - 40.000 - Spiral clothoid 50,000 - 40.000 40.000 31.6228 Circle 30.000 + 40.000 40.000 - Spiral clothoid 45.9375 Circle 40.000 - 80.000 Clothoid 31.250 - 80.000 Straight line 20.000 40.000 0.000 - - 80.000 35.000 - 80.000 - 0.000 50.000 0.000 - 15 Press ESC to quit the Modify Element Parameters tool. The result should now look like this: 20 Exercise 1: main road Allplan 2014 The next step is to combine the individual elements to produce a composite element, which can then be addressed, modified and edited as a single entity. To combine elements to produce a composite element 1 Click Composite Element (Advanced Draft flyout). 2 Enter a name for the composite element. Note: By assigning a name, you can select the composite element without having to click it. This is very useful if several composite elements are within a small area. 3 To define a reference element, click an element of the location line. 4 Double-click with the right mouse button in the workspace to select all connected entities. 5 Press ESC to quit the tool. Note: The individual elements are displayed using line type 5 and different colors. This is in accordance with the settings you made in the options. Color display depends on the setting of Color stands for Show/Hide (Standard toolbar). pen in If you do not want to display the individual elements in this manner, Modify Composite switch off the Dsp Ce parameter in the Element tool. Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 21 In the steps that follow, you will learn how to check the data of composite elements and of the associated individual elements. To check data 1 Click Modify Element Parameters (Site Plan flyout). 2 Click the composite element. The context toolbar displays the parameters of the composite element. 3 The Elements box shows the number of the individual element clicked and the total number of elements in the composite element. Clicking in the data entry box opens another context toolbar containing the parameters of the corresponding individual element. 4 Press ESC to quit the Modify Element Parameters tool. Note: To peg out road location lines, you can create a list including the individual elements and print it: Import, Export Point File and create a composite element Click file; select the Show option and confirm the settings. Then place the list in the workspace. Click print the list on a printer. Print Preview to 7 Create the parallel line for the roadside on the left. Enter -7. 4 Enter 3. This creates the roadside on the right. 3 Click Selected element in its entirety in the input options as you want to create a parallel line to the entire segment. 5 Click below the composite element to specify the side on which the parallel line is to be created.50 for the offset. 6 Enter 1 for the number. . 2 Click the location line. Your drawing should now look like this: 8 Press ESC to quit Parallel Line Segments.00 for the offset and 1 for the number. The road is to be 7 m wide.22 Exercise 1: main road Allplan 2014 Now you will create the roadsides as parallel lines to the composite element. To create parallel lines 1 Click Parallel Line Segments (Site Plan flyout). This involves two steps: Modify Composite Element to define the label. If the • Then. 3 Set the parameters as follows: Statio (station's label type): Normal St Sym (station's point symbol number): 2 St Off (spacing between station text in mm): 0 (= automatic) Label (element's label type): Layout Lb Sym (label’s point symbol number): 1 Lb Off (element label offset in mm): 18 Lb Dir (label direction): S -> E Dsp Ce (display composite elements): Yes Ts L/S (text size factor): 0. symbol and offset for stationing points and main curve points.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 23 Task 2: labeling and stationing the main road Now you will label the main curve points and stationing points of the route.8 . To define the labels 1 Click Modify Composite Element (Site Plan flyout). Label tool for the actual labeling. click You can set a different label type. the labels of the stationing points are only displayed after you have stationed the element/composite element. use the element or the composite element has not been stationed yet. The Context toolbar shows the current settings. 2 Click the road location line. • First. 24 Exercise 1: main road Allplan 2014 4 Click the Toggle on the right and set the text height to 2.5 and the text width to 2.0. 5 Click the Toggle again and click OK to confirm the settings. This defines the parameters for the labels. The next step is to label the elements. 6 Press ESC to quit the Modify Composite Element tool. Next, you will label the main curve points of the location line. First, you need to define the size of the point symbols using the Terrain Point tool. To label the route 1 Click Terrain Point (Advanced Draft flyout). 2 On the context toolbar, click Symbol. In the dialog box, set the symbol size to 1.0. 3 Confirm the settings. 4 Press ESC to quit the Terrain Point tool. 5 In the Tools palette, select the Site Plan module. 6 Click Terrain family and open the Label (Tools palette, Create area). The Label Site Plan setting is active in the input options. Leave it as it is. Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 25 7 Click the road location line. The composite element is labeled based on the parameters you have set. Your drawing should now look like this: 8 Press ESC to quit the Label tool. Now you will station the composite element. The stationing points are labeled according to the settings in Modify Composite Element. To station the location line 1 First, deactivate the labels of the elements again by clicking Modify Composite Element. 2 Click the composite element (see below). 3 To deactivate the labels of the elements, set Label to No and click to switch Lb Sym off. To specify the station label offset, enter 5 in the St Off data entry box. 26 Exercise 1: main road Allplan 2014 4 Click OK to confirm the settings. This defines the label. 5 Click Station Element (Site Plan flyout) to station the composite element. Make the following settings in the input options: Selected element in its entirety is set; leave it as it is. Click Select point symbol and select symbol 2. Enter 1 for the Size of the point symbol. 6 Click the composite element (see below). 7 Set the station difference to 10. This stations the composite element. The stationing points are labeled according to the settings in Modify Composite Element. Your drawing should now look like this: 8 Press ESC to quit the Station Element tool. Site Plan module let you create station Note: The tools in the labels that best suit your own preferences and requirements. In addition, you can also specify the direction and start point of stationing. The pages that follow provide an overview of the options available for setting the reference point, the reference point’s default station and the direction of stationing. . Stationing direction: The direction of stationing. Click Modify Composite Element and Lb Dir to change the direction of the stationing.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 27 Reference point of stationing: Starting from this point. You can move the reference point using Ref Pnt provided in the Modify Element Parameters tool. You can only change the direction when the composite element is not labeled. You can change this setting using Def Sta in Modify Element Parameters. Reference point’s default station: The value used to station the reference point (see above). the stationing is implemented. In the case of composite elements. the reference point is displayed as a cross (in construction line format). 28 Exercise 1: main road Examples: Reference point = 0 Default station = 0 Label direction: S->E Reference point = 5 Default station = 0 Label direction: S->E Reference point = 5 Default station = 7.5 Label direction: S->E Reference point = 0 Default station = 0 Label direction: E->S Allplan 2014 . Tip: Positive offset values are always applied to the left in relation to the element direction. Use a separate drawing file for the side road. 5 Click the location line of the main road (see below) and. The direction of the first element defines the direction of the entire composite element. 2 Click Perp (Create menu . . enter 217.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 29 Exercise 2: side road This exercise involves designing the side road. use Parameters. Task 1: designing the side road The side road starts at station 217. 4 To define the start point of the side road. right-click in the workspace and select Offset by line on the shortcut menu. 3 Click the location line of the main road (see below). To create the other elements. if necessary.88 for Offset to reference point and 15 for Offset to element and press ENTER to confirm.88 of the main road and is to be perpendicular to the main road. use Modify Element the Perp tool. move the reference point to the start of the location line (station 0). To create the side road (first element) 1 Click Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar) and make drawing file 2 current. which you will connect to the main road by filleting.Draft module). Open drawing file 1 in edit mode. 6 In the dialog line. To design the first element (line). This completes the first element of the side road. The coordinates and the angle of this point are adopted (see below). 3 To define the reference element. To design the side road (other elements) 1 Click Modify Element Parameters.30 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 First element of side road 3 5 7 Press ESC to quit the Perp tool. click the line of the side road (see below). . which is familiar to you from the first exercise. Note: You can use the Station Element tool in conjunction with the Part setting (input options) to create the station for the side road's start point and thus check whether the value is correct. click the end point of the line. The other elements of the side road are created using the Modify Element Parameters tool. click XS on the context toolbar. 4 To define the reference point. 2 To define the start point. Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 31 5 To create the first clothoid. enter the following values on the context toolbar: Rad (Re) -30. Clothoid Line (perpendicular) .000 A= 20. This creates the second element of the side road.000 6 Right-click in the workspace to confirm the settings. Your drawing should now look like this: .000 - .000 Rad (Rs) m Rad (Re) m A= .000 - 8 Press ESC to quit Modify Element Parameters.000 + 20.000 + 20.000 - + 20.000 0.250 20.30.000 11.000 0. Type Length m Straight line already designed as a perpendicular Clothoid already designed Circle Spiral clothoid Circle Clothoid Straight line 15.30.750 12.000 15.30.32 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 7 Enter the other elements using the values given in the table below.000 + 20.000 18.000 + 0.000 15.000 . Then click twice in the workspace with the right mouse button so that all elements are included in the composite element. Tip: Here the approach is only outlined briefly. 4 Create the parallel lines at a distance of 3 m from the road location line. Your drawing should now look like this: 5 Press ESC to quit Parallel Line Segments. The start point of the composite element (= reference point of stationing) is indicated by a cross in construction line format. To generate a composite element and to create parallel lines 1 To create a composite element. . For a detailed description. Composite Element 2 Enter a name for the composite element and click a reference element on the side road.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 33 You will combine the individual elements of the side road to produce a composite element and create parallel lines at a distance of 3 m from the location line in the steps that follow. click (Advanced Draft flyout). 3 Click Parallel Line Segments (Advanced Draft flyout). please refer to Exercise 1: main road (on page 20). 2 Click the side road (see below). Modify . click Offset by line on the shortcut menu and then click the composite element. The stationing is to begin at the main road with a value of 0. 7 Click the side road. click Element Parameters (Site Plan flyout).34 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 Task 2: labeling and stationing the side road Now you will station and label the side road. Tip: If you want to see the direction of the composite element. 5 Press ESC to quit the Modify Composite Element tool. Start by changing the label direction and moving the reference point to the point where the two road location lines intersect. The direction is indicated by an arrow. 4 Click OK to confirm the settings. 3 Set the parameters for the label: Statio (station's label type): Normal St Sym (station's point symbol number): 2 St Off (spacing between station text in mm): 5 Lb Dir (label direction): E -> S Define the other parameters as shown. 6 To modify the reference point of the stationing. right-click in the workspace before you select the composite element. To define the label 1 Click Modify Composite Element (Site Plan flyout). click Ref Pnt. . The new reference point is indicated by a cross in construction line format.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 35 8 On the Context toolbar. 9 Click the point where the main road and the side road intersect to define it as the new reference point. Your drawing should now look like this: 11 Press ESC to quit the Modify Element Parameters tool. All you need to do is click Spacing on the Context toolbar. you can now station the elements without having to activate the Station Element tool. . enter 10 and confirm the entry.36 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 10 If you want. This stations the composite element. 3 Confirm the settings. To station the roadside on the right 1 Click Modify Composite Element (Site Plan flyout). Click the Statio data entry box and set the label type to No. sometimes need to be enlarged in order to accommodate heavy trucks. Modify Composite Element 4 Click the roadside on the right. road openings. 7 Confirm the settings.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 37 Task 3: skewing the roadsides Tight curves.
Then station the roadside on the right. 2 Click the road location line. 5 On the Context toolbar. The stations are to be spaced at 5 m. The label is no longer displayed. etc. Both procedures are presented in this chapter. . Before you start. You can perform the enlargement manually or automatically (according to RAS guidelines). for example. click Statio and set the label type to Normal. 6 Click Lb Dir and set the label direction to E -> S. remains active. disable the stationing of the road location line so that you can see better. 9 Click the roadside on the right. . Your drawing should now look like this: 11 Press ESC to quit the Station Element tool.38 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 8 Click Station Element (Site Plan flyout) to station the roadside. 10 Enter 5 for the spacing. Create area). 5 Enter the values as shown below: 6 Confirm your entries. Enter the station in the column on the left and the value by which the roadside is to be skewed at this station in the column on the right. you can define values for the skew at six stations. . 3 Click the roadside on the right. click Manual to skew the roadside manually.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 39 You will skew the roadside from station -85 to station -60 manually. 1 Click Skew (Tools palette. The Station-Dependent Skew dialog box opens. To skew the roadside manually The Site Plan module (Terrain family) is selected In the Tools palette. This way. 2 In the input options. 4 Enter 6 for the number of stations. This is the end point of the manual skew you performed beforehand. you will now use RAS guidelines to skew the roadside from station -60 to station -20. . 3 Click the start point of the skew (see below). To skew according to RAS guidelines Tip: If the Skew tool is still active. As an alternative.40 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 The roadside is skewed manually. 2 Click the roadside on the right (see below). you can simply click RAS in the Input options. 1 Click Skew. 7 Press ESC to quit the Skew tool. Your drawing should now look like this: Skew manual 3 The stationing points show the skew clearly. to RAS 3 2 6 Press ESC to quit the Skew tool. Switch off the station label for the roadside and switch on the one for the road location line. 7 Click Modify Composite Element (Site Plan flyout). . 5 Enter the offset in the end point by clicking this point again or entering the value 0. The end point is at station -20. Your drawing should now look like this: 4 Skew acc.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module 41 4 Click the end point of the skew or enter the value at the keyboard. 3 Press ESC to quit the Explode Composite Element tool. This makes drawing file 1 current and opens drawing file 2 in edit mode. Click an element of the main road with the right mouse button (see below). Explode Composite Element (Advanced Draft flyout). you will connect the roadsides of the side road to the main road by filleting. You first need to isolate the roadsides from the composite element. 2 Click the two roadsides of the side road one after the other (see below). Explode Composite Element again and click the (top) 6 Click left roadside of the main road.42 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 Task 4: connecting the side road to the main road Finally. To connect the side road to the main road by filleting 1 Click Tip: A composite element can only be exploded in the current drawing file. 4 Use the shortcut menu to open the drawing file with the main road. 5 Click Change Drawing File Status on the shortcut menu and then Current in the dialog box. . 9 To specify the second element.0 for the radius of the fillet. Several circles are presented for selection. click the right roadside of the side road (see below). 7 Click 43 Fillet and Tangent (Site Plan flyout). 11 Click the appropriate circle (see below). click the (top) left roadside of the main road (see below). . 8 To define the first element.Geodesy Unit 1: Site Plan module Tip: You can also use the Fillet tool (Change menu .Draft module). 10 Enter 8. The fillet is drawn.44 Exercise 2: side road Allplan 2014 12 As you do not want to reduce the radius.Draft module) to delete the superfluous lines. 14 Use Delete (Edit toolbar) and Delete Segment of Line (Change menu . Your drawing should now look like this: . 13 You can now create the other fillet by repeating the steps described above. confirm the prompt displayed in the dialog line. Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 45 Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module You can use the tools in the Digital Terrain Model module to edit and model terrain data in three-dimensional space. building plots) can be defined in this model and cut out later during the edit phase. Based on point data which can be entered manually or imported as a file. This unit will introduce you to the most important tools of the Digital Terrain Model module.g. Special areas (e.. a three-dimensional model is created by meshing points to form triangles. In particular you will learn how to Place individual terrain points in a grid Create a three-dimensional model based on individual points Add points to a DTM and optimize the grid Create contour lines and elevation points Label the terrain Raise 3D elements to the height of the terrain . 46 Overview of exercises Overview of exercises Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model • Place points in a grid • Mesh points to form a digital terrain model • Add more points to the model Allplan 2014 . Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module • Enter a breakline • Draw contour lines in the DTM • Label contour lines along a contour gradient • Label grid points • Change the smoothing factor of contour lines by modifying the DTM 47 . 48 Overview of exercises Exercise 4: raising a 3D element • Create a standard 3D element • Raise the 3D element to the height of the terrain • Create a cutaway around the 3D element Allplan 2014 . Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 49 Default settings To set general defaults for the Model module 1 Click Digital Terrain Options (Standard toolbar). The Terrain page you selected in unit 1 is still open. 4 Click Representation (Digital Terrain Model flyout). . 2 Set the options in the Digital terrain model area as shown below: 3 Click OK to confirm the settings. select it now. If it isn’t. activate the display of all elements according to the following illustration to ensure that all DTM elements are visible on screen. 6 Click OK to confirm the settings. .50 Default settings Allplan 2014 5 In the dialog box. The points are numbered. 4 To define the global point of the grid.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 51 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Task 1: placing terrain points In the task that follows. 2 Click Pnt No and enter 1. 3 To define a grid. starting at number 1. click Grid Settings on the View menu. Tip: You should assign a point number to all the points you are placing. Start by creating a grid with a spacing of 2 m to help you place the point symbols exactly. click screen. you can compute the cut and fill without any problems later. 5 To define the width of the grid. 2 Set the reference scale in the border of the viewport to 1:100. 6 On the View menu. make drawing file 11 current and close all the others. you will terrain points as individual points. 1 Click Terrain Point (Advanced Draft flyout). This way. Grid on/off to display the grid on To place terrain points in a grid Tip: Point numbers are also displayed when the coordinates are checked by means of the measurement tool. To define a grid 1 Click Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Standard toolbar). . enter 0 for both the X axis and the Y axis. enter a value of 2 for both the X axis and the Y axis. It is advisable to clear the Additional text option again. clear the Additional text check box again and click OK to confirm your settings. . set the symbol size to 5 and select the Constant size in layout option (see below).52 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 3 Click Symbol. 4 Click Text. Tip: You will also use these text parameters to label the DTM later. set the text parameters as shown. Otherwise. you have to press ESC each time you enter a terrain point in order to skip the prompt for additional text. select symbol 1. select the Additional text check box. 11 Place the other points as shown below (construction lines. The terrain point and thus the points of the digital terrain model can be labeled with this value. 6 Set the other parameters as shown below: Tip: For the label. You do not need to change the other parameters. assign the height given below to each point symbol. 9 Click in the workspace with the right mouse button. you can enter an alphanumeric value that is up to 12 characters long. this information is not displayed on your screen). 10 Click Reduce View on the View menu and place the first terrain point on a grid point at top left (see illustration below). On the context toolbar. 7 Click the Toggle and define the text parameters as shown below: This defines the text size for the label of the grid points. point labels and the numbers of the axes are visible in this illustration to help you place the point symbols.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 53 5 Click Height and enter 0 for the height of the first point. 8 Click the Toggle again to confirm the settings. choose Point snap options on the shortcut menu and select Grid point. . Note: When creating points. make sure that you always use point numbers right from the beginning. You will need them later on when it comes to computing the cut and fill.54 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model 12 Press ESC to quit the 13 On the View menu. Grid on/off to hide the grid again. . click Allplan 2014 Terrain Point tool. Perpendicular through Station. Divide Element .Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 55 Assigning point numbers With the tools in the Site Plan module used for creating point symbols (e. Divide Element. Label. The point numbers are defined as follows: Terrain Point.g Terrain Point. Station Element. . Label and Import. Export Point File. which consists of a maximum of eight digits. you can define the point numbers using Select point symbol in the input options or Terrain point definition on the shortcut menu. point numbers can be assigned automatically. The point number. Import. Export Point File). is made up of a four-digit primary point number and a four-digit secondary point number. Station Element and PerpenIn dicular through Station. In the parameters for Pr Pnt and Pnt No in Terrain Point are used. the option for manually setting the number is unavailable.e. Example: The name Location Line #123 used for a composite element generates the primary point number 123. In Site Plan-Specific Point Definition. the primary point number can be transferred automatically from an existing location line Perpendicular through number (for example. Enter 0 to switch this off. the name of the composite element must include an encrypted number beginning with #N. Perpendicular through Station tool automatically takes the The secondary point number from the reference element for composite elements. In order for the number to be transferred automatically. no primary point number is used. . Secondary point number It represents the dynamic part of the point number. To assign point numbers later.. i. use Modify Terrain Point. Entering 0 will set this off. when using Station). When automatically transferring the number.56 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 Primary point number It represents the constant part of the point number. this value will increase with each consecutive point. Optimize Grid tool. This creates the digital terrain model. Optimize Grid (Digital Terrain Model flyout). . Your drawing should now look like this: 3 Press ESC to quit the Mesh. 2 Double-click in the workspace with the right mouse button to select all points or use the left mouse button to open a selection rectangle enclosing all the points. To create the grid 1 Click Mesh.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 57 Task 2: creating and optimizing a DTM Next. you will create the actual digital terrain model by meshing the individual points to form triangles. click screen again. the parameters set are still correct. . First you will place the points using the Terrain Point tool and then you will integrate them into the model. Otherwise. Allplan will automatically optimize the digital terrain model. Adding grid points to DTM 1 On the View menu. The context toolbar should look like this: If you have just entered the terrain points. you often need to add points to an existing digital terrain model.58 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 In your daily work. set the parameters as described in Task 1: placing terrain points (on page 51). Grid on/off to display the grid on 2 Click Terrain Point (Repeat menu / Advanced Draft flyout). click again. The height of the points is important: 4 Press ESC to quit the Terrain Point tool. 5 On the Repeat menu.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 59 3 Place the two points as shown below. Grid on/off to hide the grid . 60 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 The next step is to integrate these two points into the digital terrain model. The two points are added to and meshed with the DTM. To add elements to the DTM 1 Click Grid Point (Digital Terrain Model flyout). 2 Select the two points you want to mesh with the DTM. The following illustration shows the optimized grid. . 3 Click the DTM. Meshing is based on the principle of achieving a "minimum total of triangle sides". the dashed lines show the grid before the optimization: 4 Press ESC to quit the Grid Point tool. Optimize Grid (Repeat menu /Digital Terrain 3 Click Model flyout). Optimize Grid tool. Allplan creates new grid lines.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 61 A note on meshing elements at the height of the terrain You can also use the Mesh Element with DTM tool to add elements to the grid. 5 Select the two new grid points. . Meshing is based on the principle of achieving a "minimum total of triangle sides". click Optimize. You can then optimize the DTM. 6 Press ESC to quit the Mesh. Mesh. Please note that the interpolation to the height of the terrain produces new height values for the points. Tip: You can use the Grid Point tool to modify the height of grid points later. The height of the points meshed is interpolated to the terrain. 2 Do not change the Polyline setting in the input options and select the two points you want to mesh with the DTM. 4 In the input options. To mesh elements and optimize the DTM 1 Click Mesh Element with DTM (Digital Terrain Model flyout) and click the DTM. for example. To enter a breakline 1 Click Breakline (Digital Terrain Model flyout). Tip: Define the color used to display the breakline in the module's Options. You can use this tool to define terrain edges such as slopes. 2 Click the DTM in which you want to create a breakline. 3 Click the first point of the breakline (see below).62 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 Task 3: entering a breakline The task that follows involves specifying a breakline in the terrain. . Triangles with these mandatory grid lines are not optimized and calculated as breaklines. 5 Press ESC twice to finish entering points and to quit the Breakline tool. 4 Click the second point of the breakline (see below). Tip: Contour lines can easily be deleted using the Delete incl. elevation points and labels are not displayed within these regions. Press ENTER to confirm each time. the following should now be displayed on your screen. 4 Enter 0. 3 You are prompted for the minimum and maximum height.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 63 Note: Two additional tools are provided for editing digital terrain models: Exterior Boundary: You can use this tool to create a new exterior boundary for the DTM. apply labeling and update data automatically.5 for the difference in height. This way. Task 4: drawing contour lines and labeling the DTM To draw contour lines 1 Click Contour line (Digital Terrain Model flyout) and select line color 7. contour lines are created for the entire DTM. 2 Click the DTM in which you want to create the contour lines. The contour lines are created. Contours and Elevation Points tool. Cutaway: You can use this tool to insert cutaways in a DTM. . This defines the spacing between the contour lines. The exterior boundary defines the area of a DTM within which Allplan will perform calculations. Contour lines. 64 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 Tip: You can use the Grid Point tool to modify the height of grid points later. Contours. 2 In the input options. The contour lines update automatically. 4 Click the start point of the contour gradient (see below). click Cont (contour line). the points of intersection between contour lines and a contour gradient that you will enter are labeled. 3 Click the DTM. . Points (Digital Terrain Model flyout) and select line color 7 again. In detail. you will label the contour lines. number of decimal places are defined in the module's To label contour lines 1 Click Label Triangles. Next. The location of the contour line labels and the Options. The contour lines are labeled based on the settings made in the Options. 65 .Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 5 Click the end point of the contour gradient (see below). Points. Tip: The font size used to label the contour lines depends on the settings in . Your drawing should now look like this: 6 Press ESC twice to finish entering the contour gradients and to quit Label Triangles. Contours. The drawing should now look like this: 5 Press ESC to quit the Label Triangles. . Contours. To label grid points 1 Click Label Triangles. Tip: The font size used to label the grid points depends Terrain on the settings in Point. Points tool. Contours.66 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 Now you will label the grid points. click Point. 4 Use the left mouse button to enclose all the points of the DTM in a selection rectangle. The font size depends on the settings in Terrain Point. Points (Digital Terrain Model flyout). 2 In the input options. 3 Click the DTM. the contour lines are drawn linearly between the individual grid lines. . etc. elevation points and interpolations. The higher the factor. 4 Click Point and set the point label type to H + No (height + number). click Factor and set the smoothing factor to 10. 6 Click OK to confirm the settings. To increase the smoothing factor and the number of decimal places for contour lines 1 Click Modify DTM (Digital Terrain Model flyout). If you want the contour lines to be displayed more exactly. 3 On the context toolbar. slope and surface calculations. and not cut and fill. 2 Click the DTM you want to modify. use the Modify DTM tool.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 67 Task 5: changing the smoothing factor of contour lines As the value for the smoothing factor is set to Linear in the Digital terrain model area of the Terrain options. you need to increase the Terrain options before you create the smoothing factor in the DTM. and set the decimal places in contour line labels to 1. Tip: The smoothing factor only affects contour lines. 5 Click Decim. Alternatively. the more time is required for large models. . 7 Press ESC to quit the Modify DTM tool.68 Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model Allplan 2014 The contour lines adapt accordingly. Your drawing should now look like this: As you can see. the contour line labels also update automatically. Point 4 In plan view. Finally. Create area). define the start point of the second box (see below). however. you will create a simple 3D element (consisting of two boxes) and raise it to the height of the terrain. Before you do this. you will check the position of the building in the terrain by creating a cutaway around the 3D element. 3 Click Box (Tools palette. open the snap options and clear the Grid point check box. To create a 3D element 1 In the Tools palette.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 69 Exercise 4: raising a 3D element In the last exercise of this unit. you need to assign the same group number to these two boxes to ensure correct results. select the the 3D Modeling module. 2 On the Window menu. 5 Enter the following values: X coordinate: 6 Y coordinate: 4 Z coordinate: 3 6 In isometric view. specify the corner of the first box (see below). click Bonus Tools family and open 3 Viewports. 7 Enter the following values: X coordinate: 2 Y coordinate: 2 Z coordinate: 1 . 3 Click one of the two boxes. . Your drawing should now look like this: 3D elements are always raised segment by segment. the position of the two boxes relative to one another would change. in other words. every individual segment is raised to the height given. To do this.70 Exercise 4: raising a 3D element Allplan 2014 8 Press ESC to quit the Box tool. The two boxes need to be combined into one entity group to ensure that their height settings are retained. 1 Click Modify Format Properties (Edit toolbar). 2 Click Match parameters at bottom left in the Modify Format Properties dialog box. click Assign Group Number on the Format menu before you create them. Otherwise. To assign the same group number to 3D elements Tip: The two boxes can be grouped automatically. . select line color 5 and click OK to confirm. 5 Click the two boxes in plan view.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 71 The group number of the box clicked appears in the Group number line. 6 Press ESC to quit Modify Format Properties. Now both boxes have the same group number. 4 Clear all the check boxes in the dialog box with the exception of Group number and Line color. To raise 3D elements 1 In the Tools palette. To determine this value. This selects the entire group. . select the Terrain family and open the Digital Terrain Model module. maximum or mean height. click Mean to raise the 3D element to a mean height. The following illustration shows the effects of the Min. Allplan calculates the height of the element in all its corners. 5 In the input options. Change area). This exercise uses the mean height. 2 Click Raise 3D Elements (Tools palette. 3 Click the DTM.72 Exercise 4: raising a 3D element Allplan 2014 3D elements can be raised to the minimum. 4 Select the two boxes by clicking them with the middle and then left mouse button. Min Max 6 Press ESC twice to quit the Mean Raise 3D Elements tool. You can also enter a constant height. Make sure that plan view is active when you click the two boxes. Max and Mean options. 4 Click the 3D element. To achieve this.Geodesy Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module 73 Although you have raised the 3D element to the mean height of the terrain. however. Points are meshed with the DTM and interpolated to terrain height at the corners of the element. it is still not possible to see how the height calculated by Allplan and the actual terrain heights behave in the building area. you need to mesh the corners of the element with the DTM. . The DTM should now look like this in plan view: 5 Press ESC to quit Mesh Element with DTM. Before you do this. Mesh Element with DTM (Digital Terrain Model 2 Click the DTM. To mesh elements with the DTM 1 Click flyout). you will create a cutaway around the 3D element. 3 Click Polyline in the Input options. The cutaway is created. 4 Press ESC to quit the 5 Set the view to Cutaway tool. In isometric view. Building edge Cutaway You can see. You can use Raise 3D Elements to lower it. 2 Click the DTM. you can see how the terrain behaves around the 3D element. for example. 3 Click the four corners of the 3D element one after the other and press ESC to finish. . To finish. 1 Viewport (Window menu).74 Exercise 4: raising a 3D element Allplan 2014 To create a cutaway around the 3D element 1 Click Cutaway (Digital Terrain Model flyout). that the building corner at top left is above the height of the terrain. click the first point again. In particular you will learn how to Import data of points and composite elements as a file Create a profile section from a DTM and activate this section Adjust a road location line to a gradient Create and use a torsion trace to determine the transverse slope of a route Create a slope Compute the fill in the terrain . you will define routes and roads using the Digital Terrain Model and Site Plan tools in the modules.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 75 Unit 3: road construction In this unit. 76 Overview of exercises Allplan 2014 Overview of exercises Exercise 5: importing DTM files • Import data of points and composite elements into the user's data exchange directory • Import files to the current drawing file Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section • Define a profile section along the road location line through the terrain • Place an extract . Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 77 Height Station Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient • Draw a gradient in the extract • Adjust the height of the road location line to the gradient Height Station Exercise 8: torsion trace • Create a torsion trace • Adjust roadsides automatically to the transverse slope determined by the torsion trace . 78 Overview of exercises Exercise 9: slope • Create a slope Exercise 10: computing cut and fill • To compute the fill Allplan 2014 . open the zipped file and copy all data to any folder (C:\data\allgeo. Note: Serviceplus customers have access to a number of advanced step-by-step guides in Allplan Connect's Learn area. Registration is free and not subject to any conditions. Please note that this service is available to Serviceplus customers only. For general information on Serviceplus. It usually takes one to two working days until you can access this restricted area and download these documents.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 79 Data on the Internet You can download the data for the exercises in this guide from Allplan Connect. for example).Documentation . The whole process only takes a few minutes. you can find the latest version of this document as a PDF file. Go to connect. • In addition to the training data. Downloading data You can download the training data from Allplan Connect.Step by Step.com • Use your customer number and email address to register.de/serviceplus . the international service portal for all Allplan users.nemetschek-allplan.allplan. our service portal. • You can find the training data for this step-by-step guide in Allplan Connect in the Learn area . go to http://www. • Download the training data from Allplan Connect. you do not have to enter all points manually. The entire process involves five steps: • In the Services application. This way. import the files (for the DTM and the road location line) into the current project. In this section you will import the file and create a DTM by meshing the points. 2 Click DXF/DWG. . • Import the point file into the current drawing file.80 Exercise 5: importing DTM files Allplan 2014 Exercise 5: importing DTM files You will create a realistic digital terrain model based on a finished point file. point to DTM files and choose Restore DTM files. • Import the road location line as a composite element (in the Site Plan module). To import files into the data exchange folder 1 Switch to the Services application. • To mesh points to form a digital terrain model • Copy the DTM to another drawing file (for computing the cut and fill). select User exchange folder and click OK to confirm. 5 Select the folder with the data (e. Select the folder to which the files are to be imported. E>:\DATA\ALLGEO Click OK to confirm. insert the CD in the appropriate drive and then navigate to this drive: <CD drive letter e. If you use this step-by-step guide as a PDF file on CD. C:\data\allgeo) and click OK to confirm.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 81 3 A dialog box opens. . 4 As the point files are to be copied to a subfolder. The Browse for Folder dialog box opens where Allplan prompts you to specify the source of the data.g.g. re1 and click OK to confirm.. 7 Click allgeo. The next step is to import the terrain model onto a separate drawing file. click Terrain Point (Advanced Draft flyout). select the Service menu. point to Windows Explorer and click My own CAD documents (USR). etc. . In advance you use Terrain Point to specify which parameters are to be assigned to the points (symbol..\Nemetschek\Allplan\2014\Usr\Local\I_O. The files are imported into . 3 Set the reference scale in the border of the viewport to 1:1000. To import the point file into the current drawing file 1 Switch back to Allplan 2014.re1 and wegachse. 2 Click Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar). make drawing file 21 current and close all the others. size. 4 To define the parameters for the points to be imported. text.82 Exercise 5: importing DTM files Allplan 2014 6 The Multi-select dialog box appears.) to be imported. Tip: To open the user exchange folder directly in Windows Explorer. 6 Press ESC to quit the Terrain Point tool. Import.
You do not need to set Pnt No (point number) exactly as the points have already numbers (from the file). The folder specified in the Save/load area on the Desktop environment page ( Options) is preset in the open dialog box. . click (Digital Terrain Model flyout). select symbol 1 and set the symbol size to 1. By doing so. But the point number has to be enabled so that points created later are numbered. the points are not labeled when they are imported.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 83 5 Set the following parameters on the context toolbar: • Click Text and switch off Additional text and Special text. • Click Symbol. 7 To import the point file. 9 Click Apply to confirm the settings. • Enter the other parameters as shown below. Export Point File 8 Set the following parameters on the context toolbar: F Type: Coor F (coordinate file) F Ext: re1 Imp/Ex: Import (import file) Set the other parameters as shown. Export Point File tool. The file is imported to the current drawing file.\Nemetschek\Allplan\2014\Usr\Local\I_O).84 Exercise 5: importing DTM files Allplan 2014 10 Set the path to the user exchange folder (.re1 file and click Open to confirm the dialog box. 11 Press ESC to quit the Tip: To label points you have already imported: 1st step: create a coordinate file from the points you want to label (using the Import. 3rd step: select the desired Terrain Point). Your drawing should now look like this: . Import. select the allgeo. Export Point File tool). text (in 4th step: import the points again... 12 Click Zoom All at the bottom of the viewport to display all the points. 2nd step: delete the points on the drawing file or switch to a different drawing file (otherwise the points exist twice). Then you will copy the DTM to a different drawing file so that the original terrain is available for subsequent cut and fill calculations. Optimize Grid (Digital Terrain Model flyout). 4 On the File menu. copy the imported model to another drawing file. Tip: If the grid lines are not displayed. you will create the digital terrain model by meshing points to form triangles. check the settings in the Representation tool (Digital Terrain Model flyout). click Documents. Copy. Move Elements between ... 2 Double-click with the right mouse button in the workspace to address all the points in the drawing file. The DTM should now look like this: As the original terrain is required for subsequent cut and fill calculations. Optimize Grid tool. 3 Press ESC to quit the Mesh..Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 85 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section In the following exercise. you will import the file with the road location line. To mesh points to form a digital terrain model 1 Click Mesh. Finally. click F Type. 8 To import the file with the road location line. Move Elements between Documents tool closes automatically.86 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section Allplan 2014 5 The Across documents dialog box opens. 6 Select drawing file 25 and click OK to confirm. click Export Point File (Advanced Draft flyout).re1 file with the left mouse button in the open dialog box. 9 On the context toolbar. Import. click All or double-click with the right mouse button in the workspace to address all the elements in the drawing file. 10 Double-click the wegachse. select Composite element and click Apply to confirm the settings. The Copy. The result should look like this (the illustration shows the road location line highlighted in blue): . 7 In the input options. Select the Copy option and click OK to confirm. Based on this profile section. The next step is to define a profile section through the terrain.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction Road location line As 'Create composite element with fixed format properties' is selected in the Options and Color stands for pen is not selected in Show/Hide (Default toolbar). 2 Click the DTM of which you want to create a profile section. The imported road location line will serve as the bearer element. you will then generate an extract and draw the gradient. To create a profile section 1 Click Profile Section (Digital Terrain Model flyout). the composite element is displayed in different colors. 87 . . Tip: If you have not clicked the road location line exactly. 6 Press ESC to quit the The road location line is stationed at the points where it intersects the grid lines. only possible when Grid is set to Yes or Spec) • P Type: Longit 4 Set the other parameters as shown: 5 Click the road location line to define the section line. click Undo (Standard toolbar). an orthogonal section line is created. Press ESC to quit the tool. zoom in on the DTM and start again! Profile Section tool.88 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section Allplan 2014 3 Set the following parameters on the context toolbar: • Grid: Yes • Stat S: 0 (automatic station difference. Note: If the warning Define Pattern Line first! appears when you click the profile section. select Pattern Line Settings (Format toolbar).Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 89 Now you will create an extract and place it below the DTM. The extract should look like this: Height Station . To place an extract 1 Click Activate Profile Section (Digital Terrain Model flyout). 2 Click the profile section. 4 Place the extract below the DTM. 3 Set the following parameters on the Context toolbar: Note: Make sure that the Aspect parameter is set to 1. 5 Press ESC to quit the Activate Profile Section tool. choose any pattern line and click OK to confirm. . With the height's reference scale set to 1:1000.00 and 15. In this example. the profile is defined by 5. When you change the height's reference scale to 1000.068 – 10.00 [mm] for the terrain above the profile box. these values result in a length of 20.00 m and the maximum height of the reference horizon is -13.00 m.90 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section Allplan 2014 Reference height of horizon and reference scale of height The reference horizon's upper limit and the height's reference scale are mutually dependent.00 = -33.068 m. Allplan will automatically set the height of the reference horizon to the maximum value. The maximum height of the reference horizon is thus -13. The smallest height of the terrain is -13.068 – 20. This value is displayed in the Input options when you select the horizon. When you enter 500 for the height's reference scale.00 = -23.068 m.068 m. the same values result in a length of 10. Allplan calculates the reference horizon based on the values you specify for the height level and the smallest height of the terrain. 5 Press ESC to quit the Points tool. you will delete the profile section as it is no longer required. use a filter. Contours and Elevation . Change area).Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 91 Next. 2 To delete the profile section only. 1 Click Delete incl. 4 Use the left mouse button to open a selection rectangle around the entire profile section. On the Filter Assistant toolbar. click Filter by DTM Element Type (Filter by Element Type flyout): 3 Select Profile section and click OK to confirm. Delete incl. To delete the profile using the DTM filter The Digital Terrain Model module (Terrain family) is selected in the Tools palette. Contours and Elevation Points (Tools palette. Activate all the drawing files and select the relevant clipping lines.37 m 2 Station Height lines without skew . planning. by using the same bearer element each time).84 m BBB A=10. for example. height Center of Planned level 2 AAA A=10. and spoil status of a terrain in an extract in order to measure the differences in area. To do this. create a profile section for each DTM with an identical clipping line (for example. Several identical profiles in an extract You can display the original status. Example of a longitudinal profile with several horizons: Section: AAA Scale 1:100/50 Actual level Ref.92 Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section Allplan 2014 Using several profiles in an extract You can also use several profiles (even from different DTMs) in an extract. Axis Longit Station 1. the second element must be a composite element as a station origin can only be defined here. Therefore.3 m. height Height Summing up the horizons with sequential stations Longit. Consequently. For the profile section to be displayed without breaks.3. the first station of the second (longitudinal) profile must also be 1. Station Height lines with skew .00 Scale 1:100/50 Axis Skew Ref.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 93 Several different profiles in an extract What is important when creating the profile sections is the stationing of the individual profiles. Example: activating a transverse profile and a longitudinal profile The end station of the first (transverse) profile is 1. the end station of the first profile section must match the start station of the second profile section. profile 1 Offset 1.3 m Tr.3 m Station 0+010. Note the sequence (points 1 to 5) in which you enter the spline (see below). select a different color for the spline so that it is clearly visible. In practice.94 Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient Allplan 2014 Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient You will enter the height gradient of the road as a spline in the extract placed. click the left start point of the extract (1) to define the starting point of the spline and click the right end point of the extract (5) to define the end point of the spline. To draw a gradient Tip: On the Format toolbar. use import a file. 1 Click Spline (Create menu . for example. you will probably design the gradient Line and Fillet or more precisely and.Draft module). 2 Leave the settings as they are and draw the spline in the extract. you will use a simple spline for the gradient. Height Station . To ensure that this step-by-step guide is clear and easy to understand. To ensure that the length and the direction of the gradient coincide with the length and direction of the road line. click symbol 2. Tip: If you have created or imported a gradient that has the wrong direction. This way. 3 Click the road location line. . 4 Enter 10. Select point symbol and select 2 In the input options. change the direction of the composite element before you station it (with Lb Dir in Modify Composite Element). To station the road location line 1 Click Station Element (Site Plan flyout).0 for the station difference in the dialog line. 5 Press ESC to quit the Station Element tool. The following should now be displayed on your screen: Spline as a gradient Height Station Now you will station the road location line. the points for exactly transferring the height from the gradient and the location of transverse profiles you will create later. 4 Press ESC to quit the Spline tool. The road location line is stationed.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 95 3 Press ESC to finish creating the spline. you define the polygonization of the road. 3 Click the gradient you have just drawn as a spline in the extract. 2 Click the road location line. To adjust the road location line to the gradient 1 Click Modify Terrain Point Height (Site Plan flyout).993 for the reference height (as specified in the extract). .96 Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient Allplan 2014 In the next step. 5 Press ESC to quit the Modify Terrain Point Height tool. 3 Height Station This is the height of the first point 4 Enter -3. The start point is indicated by a small direction arrow. The stationing points will be raised or lowered to the height of the gradient. you will use Modify Terrain Point Height to adjust the road location line to the gradient. The road location line is adjusted to the height of the gradient at the stationing points. To create a torsion trace Tip: The font size used to label the torsion trace depends on the settings of the text parameters in Modify Composite Element. . A = Torsion for left roadside B = Torsion for right roadside 8 Press ESC to quit the Label tool. You will then use this torsion trace to create the transverse slope of the road automatically. Label (Tools palette. click Tors (torsion trace). 5 Enter the value 1. 1 Select the 2 Click Site Plan module in the Tools palette.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 97 Exercise 8: torsion trace The following exercise involves creating a torsion trace. This value defines how many units of length are used to display a torsion of 1%. 3 In the Input options. 4 Click the road location line. The torsion for the right roadside is displayed as a dashed line. Create area). the one for the left roadside as a continuous line. 7 Place the torsion trace below the extract. 6 Enter the speed: 40. To create parallel lines 1 Click Parallel Line Segments (Site Plan flyout). you will create the roadsides as parallel lines to the road location line at a distance of 3. Your drawing should now look like this: 3 Press ESC to quit Parallel Line Segments.5 m.5 m from the road location line.98 Exercise 8: torsion trace Allplan 2014 Now. 2 Create the parallel lines at a distance of 3. . 5 Click the roadside on the left. 4 Click the torsion trace for the roadside on the left (which is represented by a continuous line). Allplan automatically calculates the height values for the roadsides. 2 Click the road location line.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 99 Next. . you will station the roadsides by dropping a perpendicular from the stationing points of the road location line to the roadsides. 3 Click the torsion trace (see below). 6 Repeat steps 2 to 5 for the other roadside. To station the roadsides 1 Click Perpendicular through Station (Site Plan flyout). 7 Press ESC to quit the Perpendicular through Station tool. The transverse slope of the road is computed from the torsion trace created beforehand. Click the torsion trace for the right roadside (which is represented by a dashed line). hide grid points and triangular lines and select the Color stands for pen option) to look at the new points: .100 Exercise 8: torsion trace Allplan 2014 8 We recommend working with 3 Viewports (zoom in on the drawing. click Polygonize entire element and click the start point of the left roadside. which is highlighted in red. Make sure that you do not click the element near a stationing point. This illustration does not show the grid lines and points so that you can see better. . 5 Click the roadside on the right (see below) to define the second element of the slope. 6 Click the end point of the right roadside. To create a slope 1 Click Slope (Digital Terrain Model flyout). 3 Click the roadside on the left (see below) to define the first element of the slope. which is highlighted in red (see below). 2 Click the DTM. 4 In the input options.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 101 Exercise 9: slope The following exercise shows how to create a slope. confirm the prompt displayed in the dialog line. The slope is created. 8 Enter the parameters for the slope: Incl: 1:x Cut: 1. then define a new inclination.000 Fill: 1. Your drawing should now look like this: . enter the station to which the inclination is to apply in step 9. enter the station to which this inclination is to apply and so on. The polyline closes automatically.500 9 As you do not want to define several sloping regions with different angles. Exercise 9: slope Allplan 2014 7 Press ESC to finish entering the outline of the slope.102 Tip: If you want to define different inclinations. 3 Set the parameters as shown below and click OK to confirm. Allplan will place the prism drawing for the original DTM in this file. you will compute the fill by comparing the edited DTM (in the current drawing file) with the original DTM (in the drawing file in edit mode). 6 Click the second DTM. the DTM in the drawing file open in edit mode automatically serves as the original DTM and the DTM in the current drawing file as the edited DTM. 2 Click Compute Cut and Fill (Digital Terrain Model flyout). 4 Click the first DTM (which is to serve as the original DTM). Finally you will label the prism drawing. 7 Select drawing file 22. which is created automatically. . Tip: If the points clicked are part of both DTMs. and a report you can use to check the calculations. Allplan calculates cut and fill according to REB 22. The result is a prism drawing. Note: The fills representing the cut and fill in the drawing files ca nbe hidden using Show/Hide. 5 Select drawing file 23. To compute the cut and fill 1 Open drawing file 25 with the original DTM in edit mode. Allplan will place the prism drawing for the edited DTM in this file.013.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 103 Exercise 10: computing the cut and fill In the following exercise. The report is displayed in the Report dialog box on screen. use the icons at the top right in the report.104 Exercise 10: computing the cut and fill Allplan 2014 8 The Reports dialog box appears in which you can select predefined reports. . select the Prism list. To scroll. If necessary. click Default on the left. Allplan starts to compute the cut and fill.rdlc report and click Open. • You can save it in PDF. 12 To make the calculations clearer. 9 Close the report. 10 Click Cancel to close the Reports dialog box. 22) and label the triangles (prisms) and points using Label Triangles. Excel or BCM format. You can save changes as a new template in RDLC format. • You can place it in the current document. • You can edit it using the Layout Designer.Geodesy Unit 3: road construction 105 You can edit the report as follows: • You can print it. Contours. .g. open the corresponding drawing file (e. 11 Press ESC to quit the Compute Cut and Fill tool. Points. you can convert it to a 3D element using the Convert DTM Elements to 3D tool. for presentation purposes. . for example.106 Additional steps to edit the DTM Allplan 2014 Additional steps to edit the DTM To edit the digital terrain model. You can use tools provided in the • 3D Modeling • Animation modules to enhance it graphically and optically. you will learn how to import files with coordinates in the national Gauss-Krüger coordinate system and in the global UTM coordinate system.Geodesy Unit 4: importing files 107 Unit 4: importing files In this unit. In particular you will learn how to Make settings for user-defined ASCII-format files Use an offset to import files with large point coordinates Interchange the X and Y coordinates for the import Please note that the offset set always applies to the entire project. An example is included in the data provided with this step-by-step guide. . To read in point files with country coordinates in a coordinate range favoring processing. you use an offset. At the same time you interchange the X and Y coordinates so that the file is displayed correctly on screen. 108 Exercise 11: importing file using an offset Allplan 2014 Exercise 11: importing file using an offset Tip: If a point file with free ASCII format does not have the filename extension asc. .) is displayed in which column of the file. The file is a user-defined ASCII-format file. which you used in exercise 5.asc" (free ASCII format) Imp/Ex: Import (import file) Show: View Set the other parameters as shown.. 4 Set the following parameters on the context toolbar: F Type: Coor F (coordinate file) F Ext: ". 3 Click Import. In this exercise you will import the file provided directly to the current drawing file. You will not use the Services application to copy it to the user folder beforehand. you need to find out first which data (X. Y. Export Point File (Advanced Draft flyout). As this is not a standardized format. make drawing file 31 current and close all the others. 2 Set the reference scale to 1:1000. In the open dialog box.asc) and the path is still set to the user exchange folder (. the file type is set to Point file (*. Import the file just to run a test and have the contents of the file displayed.. To import the file and check the format 1 Click Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar)..\Nemetschek\Allplan\2014\Usr\Local\I_O).. 5 Click Apply to confirm the settings. Z.. you have to rename the file before you import it. Tip: You can have the contents of the file also displayed in any ASCII editor (e. <CD drive letter e. E>:\DATA\ALLGEO. . if you use this step-by-step guide as a PDF file on CD.g. notepad).asc file and click Open to confirm the dialog box. the contents of the file are displayed.Geodesy Unit 4: importing files 109 6 Select the folder with the data you imported in unit 3 (e. C:\data\allgeo). 8 As you have set the Show parameter to View. select the appropriate drive. or.g. 7 Select the offset. The file is imported to the current drawing file.g. the Z value of all points is set to 0). The imported points are deleted. • the X value (in country coordinates. 2 In the Import/export using point file area. you can specify the columns where the point number and the X. The Terrain page is still open. As in the national coordinate system. you need to interchange the X and Y axes. the code of all points is set to 0). click the Configure button to the right of Point coordinates. . If it isn’t. select it now. Y and Z coordinates start and set the number of leading digits and decimal places for the coordinates. • the Y value (in country coordinates. • the Z value begins in column 50 and has one leading digit and three decimal places (in this example. You will use this information to set this format on the Terrain page in the Options at a later stage. the X axis points up and the Y axis to the right (in contrast to the mathematical coordinate system which is used in Allplan 2014). 10 Close the dialog box and click Undo (Default toolbar). • the code assignment begins in column 61 (in this example. You can define the format of the file to be imported in the Import/ export using point file area on the Terrain page of the Options In detail. To define the format of the file to be imported 1 Click Options (Default toolbar). it is the X value in Allplan 2014) begins in column 32 and has seven leading digits and three decimal places. You can see that • the point number starts in column 12 and has eight digits. it is the Y value in Allplan 2014) begins in column 20 and has seven leading digits and three decimal places.110 Exercise 11: importing file using an offset Allplan 2014 9 The column numbers are displayed in the title line. 4 Click OK to confirm the settings and to close the Options dialog box.Geodesy Unit 4: importing files 111 3 Another dialog box opens in which you can define the format of the point file. . Enter the values as shown below: Bear in mind that the column numbers for the X and Y coordinates are interchanged. click the project name with the right mouse button and. It is best to enter the same offset values for all the points. Open Project.000 and in Y direction to 1300000. Open Project dialog box. all the points are imported to the same quadrant. they are added. 3 Click OK to confirm the Project Settings dialog box and the New Project. As the X and Y axes are interchanged. select Properties…. 2 In the Settings area. . When you measure the coordinates of a point. By doing so. on the shortcut menu. when data is exported. set the offset in X direction to 1510000. click New Project. select the Offset coordinates check box and define the offset as shown below. the offset values are also taken into account.000. Tip: When data is imported.112 Exercise 11: importing file using an offset Allplan 2014 To set an offset 1 On the Default toolbar. the offset values are subtracted. click display all the points. Export Point File 2 Set the parameters as shown: 3 Click Apply to confirm the settings. 5 Press ESC to quit the Import. 6 In the lower border of the viewport. Your drawing should now look like this: Zoom All to . 4 Double-click the offset. Export Point File tool. The file is imported to the current drawing file.Geodesy Unit 4: importing files 113 To import the file 1 To import the point file.asc file with the left mouse button in the open dialog box. Import. click (Repeat menu). the X coordinates range between approximately 1. It is a good idea to clear the Offset coordinates check box in the Project Settings. . Make sure that you select the Offset coordinates check box again before you export the data. This option produces more detailed results page in the when you work with elements that are far from the global point (origin). The coordinates are displayed on the Coordinate Tracking toolbar. As a result.900 and the Y coordinates between approximately 550 and 2. Note: Take advantage of the Optimize working with large coordinates option in the General area on the Desktop environment Options.000 and 2. 7 To check whether the coordinates have been imported correctly.400.114 Exercise 11: importing file using an offset Allplan 2014 Tip: You can activate the Coordinate Tracking toolbar on the View menu under Toolbars. move the crosshairs to the points. Allplan 2014 will then create a 3D object from this data. Bridge and Civil Engineering You will use the 3D Modeling module to Component tool in the match the existing route and define the cross-sections at the relevant station points. .Geodesy Appendix 115 Appendix This appendix includes an example showing you how to create a bridge construction based on a road you have already designed. You can create or import this path. You do not need to enter a cross-section for each stationing point. All cross-sections must have the same number of points. which is defined by individual stationing points. Bridge cross-section .116 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 Bridge construction A linear path and at least one cross-section must exist before you can create a 3D object. using the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool. Allplan automatically uses the existing stationing to determine the missing cross-sections by interpolation. The required cross-sections can also be defined in this tool or you can retrieve them from symbol catalogs. Geodesy Designing the road Appendix 117 . 8 The Create station points automatically option is active and the spacing between stations is set to 25 m. or. C:\data\allgeo).118 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 Task 1: defining the path For the path. 4 In the Tools palette. Create area).g. The route profile is to have a constant slope of 2 % in the longitudinal direction. Open Project (Default toolbar) and use the shortcut menu to open the Project Settings dialog box. 3 In the Settings area. 7 Click Browse. To import the route 1 Click Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar). You can also use a gradient you have already defined. Specify where you want to insert the route in the tree structure and enter a name for it. e. 2 Select New Project. navigate to the appropriate drive <CD drive letter.g. . select the folder with the data you imported in unit 3 (e. Do not change these settings. E>:\DATA\ALLGEO and open the bruecke file. clear the Offset coordinates check box and confirm the two dialog boxes. Bonus Tools family and open 5 Click Bridge and Civil Engineering Component (Tools palette. you will use the road you designed using the tools in the Site Plan module. 6 Click Import Route on the Route toolbar or File menu. select the the 3D Modeling module. if you use this step-by-step guide as a PDF file on CD. make drawing file 40 current and close all the others. select a station point and click Edit Station Point on the Station toolbar or Edit menu. Allplan imports four route sections and creates ten stations. you will not use it here. . To check the data. you can only change the Z coordinate and the Rise angle.Geodesy Appendix 119 The Import profile section of route option lets you import a gradient. However. The bridge is to have a constant longitudinal slope of 2 %. 10 As the points are part of a defined route. 9 Click OK to import the route. 513648 (top level of road surface). General Properties on the Default toolbar or Edit 2 Select the Route Profile tab and deactivate the Define route profile manually option. 5 Click OK to define the longitudinal slope.(current station point). . click Edit Station Point and check the height: 897. 4 The constant longitudinal slope of 2 % results in an angle of
-1. Enter this value for the Rise angle. 6 Select station point 10.413648 (top level of road surface) for the elevation spec in the current station point .120 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 To define the longitudinal slope by entering the rise angle 1 Click menu.145763 degrees. Now you cannot modify the Z coordinate and Rise angle anymore. 3 Enter 900.Point1 . The rise angle specified beforehand is entered. deactivate the Same rise for entire route option and click OK to confirm. In the section that follows you will define the longitudinal slope by specifying the elevation spec of Point10. . 2 Click General Properties again. It may be necessary to add station points using New Station Point.Geodesy Appendix 121 If you do not know the slope or it is not constant. enter 0. Edit Height Curvature on 4 Select the Height option and enter the value 897.513648 for the absolute height (top level of road surface). 3 Select station point 10 and click the Route toolbar or Edit menu.00 for the rise angle and click OK to confirm. To define the longitudinal slope using elevation specifications 1 Click General Properties. 5 Click OK to define the longitudinal slope. you can also define the longitudinal slope by specifying the height of individual station points. . type 1.122 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 Task 2: entering cross-sections In accordance with the road designed. Next. For the transition between the clothoid and the arc at the north abutment (station point 9). you need to define different transverse slopes for the bridge cross-section. To define the bridge cross-section 1 Select station point 6 and click Define New Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu. you will use the option of matching dimensions you have already entered. Start by defining the cross-section in the area of the spiral clothoid (station point 6). 2 Click Add Predefined Cross-Section Variant on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu and select Box girder. Enter a transverse slope of 5 % for this cross-section. You will then use it for the transition between the arc and the clothoid at pier 2 (station point 3). you will modify the cross-section by adjusting it to the transverse slope of 0 %. Then you will apply these values to the cross-section's right-hand side. 5 Click the icon on the left. keep the mouse button pressed down and drag the cursor to the icon on the right. you can also use the ‘Page Up’ and ‘Page Down’ keys to toggle between the data entry boxes. Now you can release the mouse button again.Geodesy Appendix 123 As the cross-section is symmetrical. . 3 Click the top left measurement of the cantilever. all you need to do is enter the values for the left-hand side and the slopes as shown below. 4 Click the measurement of the box girder's left side. Tip: As an alternative to TAB and Shift-TAB. 6 Click OK to define the cross-section. enter values in the unit of length set and use the TAB key to switch to the next data entry box. enter values in the unit of length set and use the TAB key to switch to the next data entry box. . 4 Click in the graphics area above cross-section point 11. Add Polygon on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit 3 The coordinates of cross-section point 11 are used for the first point. you will now define the caps as separate cross-sections.124 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 After having defined the bridge cross-section. 2 Click menu. The coordinates of the point clicked are displayed. To create caps as additional cross-sections 1 Select cross-section point 11 in the tree structure and click Addition to Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu. Click OK to confirm the values. 25 X = 0.35 X = 0.13 Y = -0.00.00 Y = 0. click roughly where you want to place each corner and adjust the delta values in the dialog box: Point 3 Point 4 Point 5 Point 6 X = -3.15 6 Define the other four corners one after the other. . Y = 0.03 Y = 0.00 X = 0.2625 Note: Point 6 is equivalent to point 1 of the bridge cross-section. 7 Right-click in the graphics area to finish entering the cross-section.Geodesy Appendix 125 5 Select the Delta option and enter the following values: X = 0.50 Y = 0. To do this. The reference point is point 9 of the bridge cross-section. 2 Select station point 6 again and click on the Station toolbar or Edit menu. Define Reference Point As the first point of the bridge cross-section is at top left. you will leave the cross-section as it is and use it for the transition between the arc and the clothoid at pier 2. Then you will modify the transverse slope of the cross-section in the area of the spiral clothoid. place the reference point there.126 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 8 Use the same approach to create the cap on the right. . Save and Exit to assign the cross-section to the entire As you cannot use the entry dialog box to modify cross-sections calculated by Allplan. To modify cross-sections 1 Select station point 3 and click Lock Current Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu. 9 Click route. Point 1 serves as the reference point.Geodesy Appendix 127 3 Select the first option. 6 Click Modify Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu. The entry dialog box of the defined bridge cross-section is displayed. 5 Click Edit Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu. 7 Change the transverse slopes of the road to 0 % and click OK to confirm. 4 Click OK to define the reference point. The cross-section definition is displayed. . Leave this setting unchanged. the position of the cap on the right is too high and needs to be reduced by a value of 8. 10 Use the same approach to change the Y coordinates of the other points to the following values: Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Point 4 Point 5 Y = 0.2925 Y = 0. .128 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 As a result.0725. If these modifications produce interlaced areas. the number of points will change.2075 Y = 0.50 * 5 % = 0. 11 Click Save and Exit to assign the modified cross-section.425. stop modifying the cross-section without saving and start again at step 5. 8 Select cross-section point 6 of cross-section 3 and click Modify Point on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu.00 Y = -0. 9 Change the value of the Y coordinate to -0. Tip: If these modifications lead to additional points or missing points.0775 Note: Make sure that you modify the points in the correct sequence.2625 Y = -0. thus changing the shape of the area. 3 Click Record Management at bottom left. 5 Create the two caps as additional cross-sections as described in "Task 2: entering cross-sections". choose Last entry and click OK to confirm.Geodesy Appendix 129 For defining the bridge cross-section at the transition between the clothoid and the arc at the north abutment. To retrieve the bridge cross-section from the database 1 Select station point 9 and click Define New Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu. Then click Save and Exit. you will use the option of matching dimensions you have already entered. . 2 Click Add Predefined Cross-Section Variant on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu and click OK to confirm the Selection of Cross-Section Variants dialog box. 4 Change the transverse slopes of the road to 5 % and click OK to confirm. To modify the reference point and spacing between station points First select a station point with a defined cross-section. The 3D object is attached to the crosshairs and can be placed in the workspace. In addition.130 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 Task 3: exporting data The entries you make in the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool can be written to an Excel file or transferred to Allplan 2014's 3D Modeling module. As the reference line for the route is the road location line. Define Reference Point on the Station toolbar or Edit 2 Select the first option if it isn't active and select point 10 as the reference point. Allplan 2014 creates a 3D object with all the information from the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool. Now you want to create the bridge construction in Allplan 2014. you need to modify the reference point again. . You can re-import this 3D object into the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool and and modify it there without additional steps. Based on the path and the cross-sections defined. 1 Click menu. you will reduce the spacing between the station points to optimize the model. . 4 Click menu. you can open the route in the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool at any time. 6 Click OK to create the new station points.Geodesy Appendix 131 3 Make sure that Applies to all station points is active and click OK to define the reference point. This way. 7 Enter a name for the route and Save it. General Properties on the Default toolbar or Edit 5 Select the Route tab and enter the value 10 m for Regular spacing between station points. To export the route and to create the 3D object 1 Click Export Route on the Route toolbar or File menu. .000. Global point is active in the dialog line: In Allplan 2014. Note: To define the anchor point. 2 Press ENTER to confirm the settings.132 Bridge construction Allplan 2014 Now you have entered all the information you need to create the 3D object. open the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool. you will export the data to Allplan 2014. select General Properties and switch to the Define Anchor Point tab. Finally. Global X coordinate = Global Y coordinate = Global Z coordinate = 0. Geodesy Appendix 133 3 Exit the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool. In Allplan 2014. click 2 + 1 Animation Window (Window menu). Now the bridge construction looks like this (elevation view as a hidden line image. display in animation modified): . 134 Allplan 2014 . 118 matching a cross-section .15 cutaway .20 composite element .55 B basic settings .62 D data exchange folder .87 creating individual elements .120 exporting route .57.58 adjusting road location line to gradient .70 examples of stationing . raising .62 importing .28 exterior boundary .124 defining bridge cross-section 122 defining the longitudinal slope using elevation specifications .9 input options .23.9 breakline .20.80 meshing elements .57. 33 computing cut and fill .61 options .91 digital terrain model .Geodesy 135 Index Index 3 3D elements.67 creating a DTM .67 defining labels .103 connecting by filleting .49 drawing gradients .64 smoothing factor .9 reference scale .57.27 displaying DTM elements . 85 creating a grid .89 adding elements to DTM .69 A activating a profile section .126 modifying a cross-section 126 modifying spacing between station points .94 E element parameters . 85 creating a profile section .96 assigning point numbers . 85 drawing contour lines .132 importing route .60 modifying .9 unit of length .129 C checking element data .121 defining the longitudinal slope using the rise angle .62 .80 data on Internet .62 bridge construction .49 direction of stationing .67 labeling .130 retrieving bridge cross-section from database .130 modifying the reference point .45 adding .9 pen thickness and line type .21 combining elements to produce a composite element .63 decimal places .49 representation .9 toolbars .42 contour lines .116 bridge/civil engineering component additional cross-sections .58 creating .60 adding grid points .67 optimizing .15 entity group .79 decimal places for contour line labels .63 entering a breakline . 34 deleting a profile . 20 creating individual elements 15 options .28 reference point .27 stationing direction .10 transverse slop .21 listing individual elements .14 P parallel lines .9 perpendicular through station 99 placing points .27 stationing roadsides .80 importing files . 61 options digital terrain model .51 placing terrain points .67 sources of information training.55 composite element . 34 performing .80 input options .24 labeling contour lines .11 assigning point numbers .60 meshing.21 M meshing elements with DTM .55 slope .51 placing terrain points in a grid 51 point number primary point number .6 R raising 3D elements .57.99 U unit .55 site plan .22. 98 pen thickness .55 project creating .136 Index F filleting .14 secondary point number . 33.9 .27 examples .51 I importing a DTM .55 Allplan 2014 secondary point number .58.64 linetype .49 site plan .99 stationing the location line .97 spline .94 station’s reference point .101 smoothing factor .9 listing elements .9 unit of length .9 S secondary point number .69 reference point’s default station 27 reference scale .51 placing points in a grid . coaching and project support .42 G grid .82 importing files into data exchange folder .25 T toolbars landscaping/urban planning 9 torsion trace . 85 modifying a DTM .55 primary point number .9 L labeling defining . optimizing grid .97 track tracing .27 reference point’s default station .110 optimizing a DTM .23.5 speed .67 modifying terrain point height 96 O offset .