Alcatel Femto - Small Cells for Home, Enterprise and Metro

SMALL CELLS FOR HOME, ENTERPRISE AND METROFEBRUARY 2012 1 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. AGENDA • Market Landscape • Next Generation HetNet • More Choices for Coverage and Capacity • Small Cells Business Cases • Alcatel-Lucent Small Cell Solution Architecture • Small Cell Access Points • Key Features • Small Cell APIs and Application Ecosystem • Small Cells – a Major Part of our Mobile Broadband Future 2 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DEVICE TYPE AND NETWORK LOAD 30x GROWTH EXPECTED IN NEXT 5 YEARS! iPad is 2x that of iPhone! 406 394 Data Calls per Day (signaling) Megabytes per Day (bandwidth) 171 118 77 15 iPhone 3 Blackberry 22 Android Datacard Source: Alcatel-Lucent analysis of various customer networks using Bell Labs tools 3 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. June 2011 and available industry statistics 4 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. .A SIGNIFICANT DEVICE AND USER SHIFT FROM CIRCUIT TOWARD IP AND MULTIMEDIA Text Talk From basic communications to entertainment and social networking Play games Watch videos • 250 million Facebook mobile subs • 2 billion videos per month watched on Facebook • 2 billion videos per day watched on YouTube Surf Internet Watch TV 0% 20% 40% What do you currently do? 60% 80% What would you like to do? Source: iGR Inc.. .KNOWN CURES FOR IMPROVING USER EXPERIENCE • Introduce LTE / 4G technology . small cell sites) The Industry Goal is to Become Less-Obtrusive while using Less Power 5 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT.Downside: Requires even more equipment (more transmitter / receiver combinations.Upside: Improves network capacity . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.Downside: Requires more equipment. usually in another band (which can have worse loss characteristics) • Move antennas closer to user to decrease over-the-air loss .Upside: Raises the amount of network capacity and improves the user experience (similar to improvements made in wired networks of DSL or cable data) . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. necessitating new carriers or new sites / cell splits Poor Residential Coverage 6 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. steel and concrete Rural Access • Data loads can exceed capacity.ADDRESSING AN EXPLODING MARKET POTENTIAL ISSUES WITH A MACRO-ONLY APPROACH Outdoor Hot Spots Indoor Hotspots Poor in-building Penetration • RF penetration through glass. • Expensive for rural coverage . .CELLULAR COVERAGE IS NOT CREATED EQUAL DISTANCE = LOSS = LESS RELIABLE THROUGHPUT Do you Experience? • • • • Dropped Calls: Poor voice quality: Slow Internet: Slow email: 16-47% 19-49% 32-72% 21-61% 60% of Broadband Subscribers are Interested in Small Cells! Source: Parks Associates data commissioned by Femto Forum 7 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. and distance all make a difference Source: Bell Labs analysis 8 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. 4G Infeasible region 4 LTE SHANNON-BOUND HSDPA 2 EV-DO -5 +5 +15 Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) Network load. .THE LIMITS OF MACRO BTS-ONLY STRATEGY CLAUDE SHANNON PREDICTED OUR DILEMMA A good experience A bad experience Peak data efficiency (bps/Hz) Limits of 2G. frequency band. 3G. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.WHAT’S REQUIRED IS A NEW KIND OF NETWORK THE NEXT GENERATION HETNET HETNET PROVIDES • • • • HETNET COORDINATES WITH MACRO NETORKS Ubiquitous coverage • Support a multi vendor environment • • Mitigate interference • Provides a seamless end user experience High bandwidth capacity Superior QoE Cost efficient capacity and coverage in all environments Incorporate intelligent traffic management features Small Cells Are a key Component of Any HetNet 9 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9764 Metro Cell Outdoor LTE 2X5W .SMALL CELLS MORE CHOICES FOR COVERAGE AND CAPACITY 9361 Home Cell 9362 Enterprise Cell 9362 Enterprise Cell 9363 Metro Cell Indoor 9364 Metro Cell Outdoor Private Small Cells 9363 Metro Cell Outdoor MS/Wi-Fi 9768 Metro Radio Outdoor 9764 Metro Cell Outdoor W-CDMA (Wi-Fi optional) 9764 Metro Cell Outdoor LTE 2X1W Public Small Cell Home Small Cell 3G/4G Macro WiFi Enterprise Small Cell Distributed Antenna 3G/4G Macro Metro Cell WiFi Hotspots Enterprise Small Cell 10 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. First costs Femtocell Other costs Sub-total Paid by customer $160 $80 $240 ($50) Net first costs $190 .THE HOME CELL BUSINESS CASE RETENTION & PERFORMANCE IS OFTEN STEP 1 The simple case . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.Subscriber remarketing and acquisition costs: $250-400* .A retained revenue stream • Up to 60% downlink improvement • Up to 26% uplink improvement • 20-50% network traffic offload * new equipment included 11 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . HOME CELL BUSINESS CASE GAINS IN SEVERAL DIMENSIONS Home Cells Business Case Revenue and Expense Split 100% 80% Market share gain (3G ) 26% 70% 60% 50% 20% 10% 0% Market Share Gain (50%) Market share gain ( xDSL) 24% Value added services 11% 40% 30% Positive NPV 90% Additional ARPU 15% Incremental ARPU (26%) DPP = IRR = NPV = 25 194% 21.595 months M€ DSL network (CAPEX/OPEX) 2% Other expenses (G&A. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Bad debt) 4% Femto fees 3% Churn Churn reduction savings/ Reduction 13% Secured revenue 13% Macro offload savings (OPEX) 3% Macro offload savings (CAPEX) 6% Macro Offload Femto OPEX 17% Femto network CAPEX 15% Savings (9%) Revenue/Savings Expenses Source: Bell Labs analysis 12 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.ENTERPRISE CELL BUSINESS CASE MORE BUSINESSES COVERED FOR LESS 5 Year Total Cost of Ownership Cost per Employee (in Euros) 250 € 200 € Enterprise Cells 8 users Enterprise Cells 16 users Pico cell DAS 150 € 100 € 50 € 0€ SOHO SME Corporate Source: Bell Labs business modeling Mar 2010 Enterprise Cells. the Most Cost-effective Solution for All Business Sizes 13 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . HIGHER THROUGHPUT. 1. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.METRO CELL BUSINESS CASE BETTER COVERAGE. LESS TCO >10 Mb/s Total cost of ownership (000 Euros) Year 1 Year 2 >10 Mb/s >10 Mb/s Year 3 90% Coverage 1.4M€! <10 Mb/s <10 Mb/s 600 400 <5 Mb/s <5 Mb/s <5 Mb/s 200 0 <10 Mb/s <3 Mb/s Macro BTS OPEX Metro Cells CAPEX Macro BTS Metro Cells Macro BTS Metro Cells <3 Mb/s <3 Mb/s <10 Mb/s <5 Mb/s USER THROUGHPUT BASED ON LTE MODEL YEAR 1 Backhaul YEAR 2 YEAR 3 NUMBER OF SIMULTANEOUS USERS Source: Bell Labs analysis based on dense urban area using dedicated carrier 14 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT.200 >10 Mb/s 1.000 800 640K€ vs. YEAR 4 . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. MAP and SIP) SNMP and TR069 Small Cell Gateway • Highly scalable. minimizing impact on SGSN and GGSN 9361 Home Cell 9362 Enterprise Cell 9363 Metro Cell Indoor 9364 Metro Cell Outdoor 9764 Metro Cell Outdoor • SCMS OA&M solution integrates both with macro network OA&M and customer care 15 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. IuPS. . including Iuh Release 8 interface • Proven comprehensive security mechanisms • Applications enablement with APIs and SIP interface to presence/application server 3GPP Iuh or Iu’ IPSEC Tunnel Small Cell Access Points • True flat IP architecture • Bell Lab’s SON innovation 3GPP Interfaces (IuCS. high capacity solution • Internet traffic offload.ALCATEL-LUCENT SMALL CELL SOLUTION SOLUTION ARCHITECTURE • Alcatel-Lucent pre-integrated E2E solution GGSN 3GPP UMTS Core Network MSC Server HLR Presence/ Application Server SGSN Small Cell Gateway ALSMS Small Cell Management System AAA NTS IPC SeGW 9365 BSR Gateway SCMS Motive HDM WPS WMS • 3GPP standards compliant. SMALL CELLS .FOR HOME. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ENTERPRISE AND METRO 9361 HOME CELL • W-CDMA • Integrated omni directional antenna • 4 to 8 users 9362 ENTERPRISE CELL • W-CDMA • Integrated or external omni directional antennas • Rx diversity • Small cell net • 8 to 32 users 9363 METRO CELL INDOOR • W-CDMA • Tamper resistant • Integrated or external omni directional antennas • Rx diversity • HSDPA 64 QAM • Small cell net • 16 to 32 users 9364 METRO CELL OUTDOOR 9764 METRO CELL OUTDOOR 9768 METRO RADIO OUTDOOR • LTE • Outdoor for indoor • W-CDMA or outdoor coverage • Outdoor for indoor • W-CDMA • 2 integrated • Ruggedized design or outdoor coverage directional lightRadio • 2 integrated • External omni cube antennas directional antenna directional lightRadio • Distribute BBU cube antennas • Rx diversity • RX diversity • Integrated BBU • HSDPA 64 QAM • 2X2 MIMO • RX diversity • Range 2 KM at • Modular metro dock • CPRI 120m/h • Up to macro-like design • 16 to 32 users capacity daisy • Optional Wi-Fi AP chaining • Up to 32 users 16 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . NETGEAR 9361 HOME CELL SW ENABLED HOME GATEWAY . operation and maintenance of home networking devices ALCATELLUCENT 9361 HOME CELL SW TECHNOLOGY REFERENCE DESIGN THIRD PARTY CPE VENDOR HW & SW HOME CELL INTEGRATED RESIDENTIAL GATEWAYS FROM 3rd PARTY CPE VENDOR 17 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.HOME CELL SW LICENSING FOR MORE DEVICE CHOICES WHAT IT MEANS FOR END USERS • • • • More device choices for home coverage WHAT IT MEANS FOR OPERATORS • Enables operators to maintain or extend existing relationships with CPE vendors • Enables operator customized designs Less home networking devices Reduces complexity of home networks Easier installation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.INTRODUCING THE NEW 9362 ENTERPRISE CELL V2. .2 WITH PAY-AS-YOU GROW CAPACITY • • • • • • 16 users upgradable to 24 & 32 with licensing 100 mW upgradable to 250 mW with licensing Rx diversity for improved RF performance Minimum to no radio planning: SON & small cell net Free standing or wall mountable Flexible power: AC/DC power adaptor or Power over Ethernet+ • Ethernet backhaul with pass-through Ethernet RJ45 for additional device Pay for Only What You Need When You Need It 18 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. INTRODUCING LIGHTRADIO CUBE-BASED METROS 9764 METRO CELL OUTDOOR AND 9768 METRO RADIO OUTDOOR • 3G metro trials under way in Europe • 4G trials in the US and Europe • Commercial 3G and 4G products available in 2012 • Delivers − Optimized service delivery and installation − − Green bandwidth Reduced network TCO lightRadio Cube Inside LightRadio Cube-Based Metro Cells and Radios Are Here 19 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. and greater power efficiency Offers integrated Wi-Fi access point with optional Wi-Fi module One person install on lamp post. or side of a building Installed outdoors for coverage indoors or out Fully compatible with Alcatel-Lucent 9360 Small Cell solution Easily Accessible for Installation.9764 METRO CELL OUTDOOR PROVIDES INDOOR COVERAGE FROM AN OUTDOOR LOCATION • • • W-CDMA all-in-one metro cell operating in 2100 MHz • • • • • Rx diversity for improved RF performance 38 dBm (6W) EIRP transmit power 2 integrated directional lightRadio cube antennas for higher throughput. . and Maintenance 20 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. Operations. lower interference. pole. DSL • Easier frequency swaps and • technology upgrades .site may be prepared separately from technology rollout • • support multiple backhaul options Thin metro dock .GigE.9764 METRO CELL OUTDOOR SERVICE MODULE INNOVATION ALCATEL-LUCENT SERVICE MODULE DESIGN RF Box Metro Dock Assembled Metro Cell • Modular metro docks • Deployment flexibility . Wi-Fi Thick metro dock – DOCSIS.just replace RF module Investment optimization – LTE only when and where needed Co-Created with Customers to Meet Customers’ Needs 21 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. GPON. Large Enterprises. or side of a building Provides High Bandwidth to Stadiums.6 GHz • 2 integrated directional lightRadio cube antennas • 34 dBm EIRP at each antenna • 2-path Rx diversity and 2x2 MIMO-enabled cross-polarization for improved RF performance • One person install on lamp post. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.9768 METRO RADIO OUTDOOR DELIVERS MACRO-LIKE CAPACITY TO WHERE IT IS NEEDED • LTE distributed Metro Radio operating in 2. . Malls. pole. Convention Centers. 22 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. etc. .works CPRI daisy chaining BBU or BBU cluster with conventional and clustered BBUs • CPRI daisy chaining enabling SGW PGW multiple MROs to share same backhaul to BBU • Fully compatible with AlcatelLucent 9926 d2U Offers Deployment Flexibility Coupled with Optimized Use of BBU Digital Assets 23 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT.9768 METRO RADIO OUTDOOR DISTRIBUTED eNodeB ARCHITCTURE • Reduces costs by leveraging same BBU resources as macro network CPRI • Deployment flexibility . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1 Installation. 1 Backhaul and Daisy Chaining 24 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT.WI-FI INTEGRATED SMALL CELLS LEADS TO NEW OPPORTUNITIES New Business Models Market Conditions 9363 Metro Cell Indoor MS Smartphone Popularity Cellular Data Growth Wi-Fi Popularity New Opportunities Integrated Residential Gateway based on 9361 Home Cell SW Licensing 9764 Metro Cell Outdoor Expanded Capacity Expanded Enterprise Business Plus Alcatel-Lucent Wi-Fi Integrated Small Cells Reduced TCO with 1 Site Location. 9365 BSR GATEWAY A POWERFUL PERFORMER • Single gateway for Home. . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Enterprise and Metro Cells • High capacity – 6X more capacity • Highly scalable with pay-as-grow capacity • Based on Alcatel-Lucent field proven ATCA v2 platform • Carrier grade reliability with no single point of failure Ready for Massive Small Cells Rollout 25 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. management .MOTIVE HDM PART OF THE AWARD-WINNING DIGITAL HOME CARE SOLUTUION IPTV • Handles every task related to Small Cell Customer Service Management VoIP HSIA SSC VoD Firewall / Security CSR … CSC SMP Application Lifecycle Manager (ALM) Home Device Manager (HDM) Activation Devices Applications Services Home Networking Security… TR-69 Devices Other Devices Assurance Network Analyzer (5530 NA) management. including: ‐ zero-touch provisioning ‐ configuration updates ‐ software upgrades ‐ problem diagnosis & troubleshooting • CPE-vendor-agnostic system capabilities based on the Broadband Forum TR-069 standard Support Call Center Operations Marketing Maintenance • Proven solution ‐ Over 80 global customer references ‐ More than 40 million CPE under 26 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. Load Balancing Optimized Resource Usage & Improved QoE OAM Handover Optimization Minimized Call Drops . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.SELF-CONFIGURING AND SELF-OPTIMIZING AVOIDING OPERATIONAL COMPLEXITY Bell Labs SON Innovation Integration Optimization Continuous optimization Site acceptance Self-configuration Plug & Play Automatic Neighbor Relation Reduced Handover Failure Interference Management Painless Network Densification 27 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.SECURITY THREE LAYERS OF SECURITY 3GPP W-CDMA Network • 3GPP subscriber authentication • 3GPP ciphering for air interface security Small Cell Gateway • Network firewall • Authentication of small cell signaling messages • Enforcement of ACL based on operator consent Small Cell Access Points • Sealed tamper-evident unit • Secure boot and upgrade procedure • Integrity checking of critical stored data • Embedded network firewall 28 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. Between Small Cell Access Points and Small Cell Gateway • IPSec Tunneling • Small cell authentication ‐ Shared secret based authentication ‐ Certificate-based authentication ‐ Dual certificate and USIM authentication (Future) . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9 Better coverage 9 Improved spectral efficiency 9 Reduced unnecessary handovers 9 Reduced signalling load .SMALL CELLS FOR DEDICATED AND SHARED CARRIER DEPLOYMENT INTERFERENCE MANAGEMENT Automatic power control Increased innovation Carrier #1 (macro) Carrier #2 (small cell) Automatic code allocation Automatic coverage optimization Network listening techniques Shared single carrier Automatic carrier selection Optimized access point selection Shared multi-carrier Idle mode distribution eICIC & frequency selective scheduler Directional and multi-array antenna technologies 29 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. PS and CS+PS) • 3G macro to small cell • 2G macro to small cell Small Cell to Small Cell • Handovers supported for all calls (CS. .HANDOVERS SEAMLESS MOBILITY WITH MACRO AND OTHER SMALL CELLS Small Cell to Macro Handovers • • • • • Handovers supported for calls (CS. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PS and CS+PS) Small cell to 3G macro Small cell to 2G macro UE assisted small cell to macro (increases success rate) Intra-frequency small cell to 3G macro Mobile Assisted Handover ( MAHO) (shared carrier deployment) Macro to Small Cell Handovers • Handovers supported for all calls (CS. PS and CS+PS) • Small cell to small cell within the same group • Small cell to small cell within different groups (future) 30 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. .END-TO-END QUALITY OF SERVICE ASSURING END USER SATISFACTION SMALL CELL SOLUTION FEATURES ALCATEL-LUCENT EXPERIENCE AND EXPERTISE • DSCP QoS classification and Marking • Full End-to-end QoS Management Mastery • Layer 2 QoS • #1 in DSL .> 215 M lines shipped • Queue management • #1 in GPON • Traffic shaping • Leading position in IP • CAC • Full ecosystem testing capabilities • Backhaul bandwidth measurement • Dynamic MTU size adaptation • 2 IPSec tunnels • Real-Time Monitoring of backhaul bandwidth • RTCP for IuCS over IP 31 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. • Extended Cell and Speed Range (Rural) • Enhanced Fault and Performance Management . Prioritized Open. ENTERPRISE AND METRO DEPLOYMENTS METRO Enterprise feature set plus: ENTERPRISES • Indoor and Outdoor Metro Cells Home feature set plus: • Up to 32 Users per Metro Cell HOMES • Up to 32 Users per Enterprise Cell • Service Based Redirection • Access Control (Open. close) • Small Cell Group Support • Increased paging Capacity for Large Metro Deployments • Auto-configuration • Self-optimization • Handovers to/from macro • Automatic carrier selection • Joint Coverage Optimization (future) • Auto-configuration of Small Cell Neighbor List • Small cell to Small Cell Handovers • Extended ACL Size (up to 10K) • Continuous Coverage Optimization Based on Admission 32 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT.FEATURES PER MARKET SEGMENT FOR ENHANCED HOME. while controlling costs Apps API Time Identity Service provider Location Status Developers Payment Security Rich Location B’cast/multicast 33 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. Subscribers Revenues Services .Enable location-aware services. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.SMALL CELL API AND THE APPLICATION ECOSYSTEM CAPTURING ADDITIONAL VALUE • Rapidly create new services • Provider-based apps or OTT/App content providers . and interaction with the environment based on proximity • Blend the power of a trusted network with the innovation of the web • From years to weeks. personalized content push. Software Provisioning . 5 Automatic Gate 34 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT.SMALL CELLS BASED APPLICATIONS ARTGUIDE – AN EXAMPLE OF MUSEAM APPLICATION Small Cells Provides presence and location information via APIs to application server Provides access control and facilitates user verification 1 Museum ticketing service Museum-Backend Systems User presence detection 4a 2 Content download and interaction 3 6 4b Enables push personalized content and user interaction with the environment. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. •• Get Get 15% 15% off off @ @ -[show [show store] store] . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.SMALL CELLS BASED APPLICATIONS EXAMPLE OF PRESENCE APPLICATIONS •• Buy Buy 11 cup cup get get 22nd nd half half off! off! -[coffee [coffee shop] shop] •I’m •I’m@ @Club54 Club54 •C U there!” •C U there!”––Jen Jen (social networking) (social networking) •“Try •“Trythe thePizza Pizza there. It’sGreat!” Great!” --Mike Mike (mobile marketing) (mobile marketing) Geo Fence Sally moves into geo fence •Scorsese •Scorsesefilmed filmed “Taxi “TaxiDriver” Driver” here! here!––[movie [movie trivia] trivia] (premium content) (premium content) •Antiques •Antiquesshow show 11block blockNorth North–– [show [showorganizer] organizer] 35 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. It’s there. and customer support OSS integration for simplified provisioning and troubleshooting • RF planning and design services customized to meet enterprises’ coverage and capacity needs 36 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. OPTIMAL HOTSPOT COVERAGE WITH METRO CELL SERVICES • Locates data traffic • • • hotspots Calculates macro offload potential Performs economic modeling Makes recommendation . billings.SMALL CELLS SERVICES SERVICES FOR FASTER MORE SUCCESSFUL MARKET LAUNCHES Macro Macro Only Small Cell DE-RISKED MARKET LAUNCH WITH BUSINESS MODELING • Market Entry • • • • • Strategy Pricing Strategy Financial Impact Sensitivity Analysis Network Deployment Risk Identification OPTIMIZED IN-BUILDING COVERAGE WITH ENTERPRISE RF SERVICE IT INTEGRATION FOR SIMPLIFIED SERVICE INTRODUCTION • BSS integration for • self-care. 1 WE ARE NEARING THE PRACTICAL LIMITS OF INFORMATION THEORY • Small cells will become an absolute necessity 2 Small Cells 3 ALL “SMALL CELLS” ARE NOT THE SAME • Omni and directional • Big and small • Full solutions versus point products • Diffusion of technology TODAY’S APPLICATION FOR COVERAGE AND CAPACITY IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG • Further development of the application ecosystem will yield additional value 37 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. . .38 COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.