A language speaks a lot, but only few hear the truth.On overview of what our language, as the biggest history of every nation writes everyday Xhoena Polisi CEN1 ENG 102 10 May 2013 Research Paper Honor Statement: I certify that all material not attributed to others is common knowledge or my original contribution. our history. We know by facts that we were occupied most of the time. our nation. Everything has changed from that time. seeing that we have still conflicts about our origin and our language. but because they were derived by itself and it is one of the oldest languages in the world. our dignity. Greek or German? The conclusion made at the end. I just want to find the roots of our ancestors. phonemes. Hebraic. we were all the time facing wars and other nations trying to take our lands. Sanskrit and studying phonemes. some events are still alive. How old is Albanian? It comes from Latin. As an Albanian. is a unique. our freedom. some things are disappeared. is that Albanian in fact. Before introducing my topic I would like to make a review of the history. and some . some facts are unknown. Keywords: Albanian language. have similarities with other languages not because it comes from them. Sanskrit.Xhoena Polisi 2 Abstract: Language is a live fact that shows clearly the history and the changes that a nation can undergo. by comparing it with Jewish. and if so. By considering the facts that some countries wanted to consider our land and our nation–not indigenous – as people that came from different places. Only one thing is remained alive. untouchable and beautiful as it was when it showed up. and the archeological facts give precisely the conclusion that Pelasgians spoke Albanian. Albanian language states clearly by studying it who is the oldest nation in the Balkan Peninsula. I am searching through the tunnels of Albanian‟s origin. maybe one of the oldest one in the world. with the new or old mentality. Albanian‟s origin is mythic and very old to remember it. with the old psychology. In the following paragraphs the proofs for this claim will be shown. we can understand that different authors have described our language as a derived one. Evidently. Language is connected with everything that has passed over these lands. In this research paper I want to state clearly the conclusion that Albanian is a unique old language. And if it is not studied by using these facts we cannot give the truth.3 Xhoena Polisi conflicts exist until now. At the beginning I would like to explain why Albanian is considered as a unique language spoken only in these lands and at the places where people . Albania is the nation who is descendant of Pelasgians. but it will still remain a mister. through books covered by dust and through authors whose words were never considered clearly. whose semantic fields and vocabulary was taken by other new languages and this is a fact. In this origin. not a statement. . He was known as God of Thunder.Xhoena Polisi 4 emigrate from here. He showed a special interest for Pelasgians and for their language because as he concluded in his book Pelasgians were the first nation in the peninsula and Albanian is unique because it was used to create new language and not the vice versa.Zeus is studied the first as it was the master of all of them. which Italian‟s name it was Jupiter. -hepem for benting in Albanian corresponds to επομ-αι. I am using as evidences the book of Roberto D‟Angely written during the period 1893-1966 with 5 volumes “Enigma”. Robert D‟Angely is the first foreign albanologist who made a well developed research for the origin of the oldest languages found in Balkan Peninsula. He showed that Hellenic language (old and new) was created by usage of Albanian as shown below: -Albanian kjaj is same as κλαι-ω in Greek. in Greek φωνεις as we can see clearly that just a little deformation of Albanian word express it: Zευς=zëës (thunder resound). Etc But interesting is the fact that Hellenic God‟s name can be explained only in Albanian and in no other language. To do so. The meaning of “thunder” is given only by Albanian Zë-ës. . contained many one syllable short words and . their own personality. its origin is mythic etc first of all we have to define and to show what the general opinion is for an older language. Petro Zheji. but as we can see clearly they have taken these names. and we go further de(dhe) meter(mëmë) which means Dheu Mëmë that gives the clear image of Demetra as God of Land.Demetra is the God of land and everything on Earth. The reason why I chose to show that Albanian can explain the Gods name is because these names show their national beliefs. which they transmitted to other coming nations. the God‟s names should be explained in their language and not in Albanian. By using Albanian we can actually show that Demetra= De-meter. as they pretend. belief by Pelasgians. whose origin is even before Latin and Hellenic were spoken and to compare if Albanian can fulfill this opinion‟s criteria. one of the primitive ones. Giuseppe Crispi. Roberto D‟Angely etc to arrive in a definition (if we consider these criteria to enter on a group) as: The primitive language. If they had their own Gods. Before saying that our language is one of the oldest. since it was spoken by humans who didn‟t know what words were. I can summarize the opinions of authors like Otto Ranke.5 Xhoena Polisi . which shows that Pelasgians were in these lands before their arrival and they had their own belief. But this word‟s meaning doesn‟t make sense when we try to define from their language. Lorenzo Dato. 1831). so the number increases. They didn‟t know these perfect languages that we have know. Sounding is thought to mean vowels actually and we know that vowels are only 5. but they knew that communication should be developed with them and survive with them all the time. sentences etc trying to communicate with each other. It is evident that the language that has a great number of sounds can be classified to the definition made in the previous . sounds. the first languages were symbolic ones and their words explanation should be searched in a symbol. He also continues the work done by D‟Angely to find explanation of Tyrrhenian words and Greek words in Albanian.Xhoena Polisi 6 many short words containing not more than three consonants. The method used to compare these two languages is in syllables. Let‟s consider the communication done by sounds which clearly means vowels. pub. not in a concept. I will be focused only on the sounds. short ones and long ones. It is obvious that at those times the communication was done by gestures (symbolic) and by sounds (vowels). Returning back in the past we can imagine humans who don‟t know words. Giuseppe Crispi tries to find a relation of Albanian with the description of the primitive language in his book “Memories about Albanian language” (Palermo. words and syntax. as it is considered as one of the oldest and maybe the oldest one (14). He compares Albanian with Jewish language. because this is the part that has a great interest. But sounds? We have many. Jewish language has 13 vowels and Albanian has even more. Rifat Tirana. which are three: primary. He starts it study with stresses. Crispi states that the number of vowels can explain clearly the origin of Albanian (17-20). for example: [„i: ᶘte]. ë (an unsounded e). The author thinks that the dialects may have lived aside for a long period and shows for a great sociality between them.” (272). in North. Since it can be looked as one criterion that can classify our language as of the oldest. “ (Linguistic Atlas of The United States and Canada. What draw the writer‟s attention were the different dialects that existed between Muslims and Catholics in Scutari. The facts taken by Crispi‟s book are useful. It is difficult to say these words as in original version. Center and no one. 20 or a bigger number of vowels. These both two languages have two special sounds as y (in French u).7 Xhoena Polisi paragraph. South. Lowman notates that Albanian language has different sounding in different places you are there. we have to find real relations. three other Scutari natives etc (272). The observation was done to Scutari. In his article. . Lowman‟s article titled “The phonetics of Albanian. except them in some cases can speak their own language and words. with conversation with Mr. but we have to take a deeper look into the phonetics of Albanian. What he notes there is “The effect of the manner in which the stress falls into a vowel is rather peculiar for an English ear. 1930) serves like a window for anyone who wants to have a deep study in phonetics. secondary and “unstressed”. because it helps the emphasizing. The sound of p it starts to be increased by the first word to the other. nasal vowel. The glottal stop is not used as in English. but it describes 21 members of these 13s and also vowel glide. vrapin (running). the author has studied only 13 vowels and different techniques how to say them. so the number increases gradually. the stress is weaker at the beginning but after it starts to be increased. About consonants it says that there are 33 ones in the studied dialect and the speaker‟s sound. (281) He has studied 13 vowel phonemes. since it has unique techniques in saying that. diphthongs etc. Here is an overview: (273) For each consonant there exists different pronunciation in different words for example: po(yes).Xhoena Polisi 8 In Albanian and in some Indian language. About vowels. which can do the same only the people living in the same region and for the foreigners is even harder to understand. kep(point). For each word has only a unique saying and sounding. when we stress the first vowel. It is obvious that the phonemes of Albanian . and after a short period declines. because he cannot say the exact pronunciation for a word. Meyer. Greek. Italian. It is a rare conclusion. but sure we can see that just for one dialect we have so much different soundings and if we consider the other dialects the conclusion we came is that based on the fact that the primitive language had many soundings and vowels.. Albanian fulfills this criterion with convincing evidences shown by linguistic researches done before nowadays.Benlow say for Albanian‟s origin. 1180 Turkish ones. To his list.K.9 Xhoena Polisi need a clear study and a net division for each sound. they arrived in different conclusions. in opposite ones. and Slavonic etc. 540 Slavonic words. only 400 words belonged to the Albanian language. As a medal has two different faces. because Meyer states that our language . so different opinions must be shared for this language and as I want to be as objective as possible in my research paper I would like to consider the counter facts that other authors like Xylander. Turkish.J. Trùbner. His vocabulary contains 5140 words in total which he divides them into this portion based on the origin of the words: 1420 words taken by Latin and Romanian. 1891).” (Strassburg. One of them is Gustav Meyer who arrived in wrong conclusions for Albanian‟s origin as he arrived in a conclusion that Albanian came from newly born languages as Latin. This wrong path was taken sometimes deliberately and sometimes just for misunderstanding the facts given. 840 Neo Greek words and 730 words with unknown origin. His results were published in his book “Etymological dictionary of Albanian language. When they studied our language. as he didn‟t thought for any moment that the Albanian roots were found to those different languages words. or not used or obliterated and after this it is considered as a language derived by other ones. It‟s a contradiction since it is accepted the fact that Albanian has connection with older languages.2005). So this shouldn‟t exist anymore. our language . There are many followers of thinking way of Meyer‟s too. after reading the book. were Albanian and many other words who were considered wrongly by Meyer were put to their proper place (Albanian field list). even with those ones which are far away. It is not the conclusion rare actually. To the definition gave above. not both. only one part of it was explained.9) that Meyer followed a wrong path. Carlo Tagliarini (Zheji. and the part for the symbolic one remained last. since there are facts to only one truth. He couldn‟t understand the truth power of Albanian. Slavonic and then the Albanian roots came out. after that Turkish ones.Xhoena Polisi 10 is mostly made by Latino-Romanian words. As Eqerem Çabej stated in his book “ The History of Albanian Language” (1976. but he was just focused on the words. especially the Latin ones(22). which gave to him and to other a wrong conclusion. Greeks. This conflict of conclusion was remarked by other researchers that replaced many words from other language word list to Albanian. remarks that most of those 730 words remained without a proper field. We can say that unfortunately. as we can describe more clearly by the verb çaj (divide into two . The second method was the comparison of words which didn‟t have any relationship by a first view. but for sure in these two books there are many. but I think one is enough to give the key idea. The first example given in the list is : çlath (in Sanskrit) corresponding çlith. By a simple equation we have Çlath= ç +lath In Albanian. the formation of the words (which included other). something different that the meaning of the word. The first method was comparing the words which had the same root and described the same symbol.11 Xhoena Polisi has started to be written in a very latish time. symbolic one and compared it with Albanian in two different ones. but if we divide into components we can find a relations and state conclusions (2227). This part is described in detail in the 2 books of Petro Zheji “Albanian and Sanskrit” (2005). As Crispi did in his book comparison with Jewish since it has many vowels instead of other language. At the following paragraphs I am giving just one example for each method. Zheji took in consideration the fact that Sanskrit is an old Hindi language not spoken any more.divide etc. çloth (Albanian) which means zgjidh (nowadays Albanian) resolve. ç represents division. negation. but it didn‟t lose any of its symbolic definition from which it came from. We can simply denote that the first symbol is expressing division or in other words the first symbol is the letter Ç. darje). bej. and the second the symbolic way of Albanian language. Rat= participle form of verb me rene (to fall). Pa= the verb ba (baj. lier (French) etc(43-44). The second method‟s example is a word upa-rati in Sanskrit. . but if we divide it in small parts we see: U pa rat U ba rat U= a formation part of passive way in Albanian (u shtriva. the similarity between Sanskrit and Albanian. The meaning of division can be described as [ ─ ⃝] = Φ . I washed myself etc). There exist no similar word with this word in Albanian.Xhoena Polisi 12 pieces). in English do). In a symbolic way we can describe it as Φ where Ο stands for the full part and | for the division part. There is no such a word operator to describe the meaning of çlath in Sanskrit since the lith in Albanian and the operator L describes connections and this usage we can see even in different language: legare (Italian). By this part we understand two facts: the first. if you flip it we get D (division. u lava etj meaning I laid. pure as it was. If we see it clearly uparati = u ba rat it gives the idea of falling. It has similarities with different old languages as Jewish. but only in Albanian and only using Albanian we can derive the meaning of this word. formed. structured and has helped other language to be built on. Sanskrit and many other not explained above. Shine above us to your truth. whispering the true origin of our nation and we have the right to protect it. . to develop and to make researches in a way that no other researches as Meyer‟s and other make wrong conclusion which bring only conflicts in Balkan and different places. So u ba rat in Albanian gives the idea of a person falling and dying. Our language is not formed by Latin or Greek Language. Evidently. To conclude. with different phonemes and different soundings. Our language is the beautiful Pelasgians language arrived until today untouched. so by this we mean that Albanian is one of the oldest languages in the world. there is no more explanation to add since the definition of the two words match together and if we try to use again symbols we can express that Sanskrit is part of the semantic field of Albanian in this way Albanian >= Sanskrit. Albanian fulfills the two criteria made by the other researches to classify which are the older languages of the world. falling for country in middle of the war. while the true meaning of the verb in Sanskrit is the dead body.13 Xhoena Polisi None of these operators exist freely in Sanskrit. it is uniquely spoke. falling and breaking some part of the body and an acute death(34). Linguistic Atlas of The United States and Canada * the original . Palermo. Lorenzo Dato.com/books?id=IccGAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover &dq=memoria+sulla+lingua+albanese+giuseppe+crispi&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2 gKPUPOBJsXj4QT4_IGgCA&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA version written in Italian Lowan. 1831. 1966. 1930.google. http://fr. Robert.html Crispi. S. December 22. http://pelasg. 1893 .org/robert_dangely_enigma_en. G. Giuseppe. Enigma (5 Volumes).Paris October 22. Paris. Albanian.Xhoena Polisi 14 my beautiful Albanian language! In these days you will be our guide through the path of finding ourselves! REFERENCES: D‟Angely. mother of all the languages. The Pumonti Cismonte Publications.The phonetics of Albanian.com/doc/28106800/Shqipja-nena-e-gjuheve-Crispi-Giuseppe1831 *in Albanian http://books.scribd. pub. 2005. Tertiumdatum. Gustav.1891.org/discover/10. http://openlibrary.2307/408833?uid=3737464&uid=2134&ui d=378543443&uid=2&uid=70&uid=3&uid=378543433&uid=60&sid=2110 1730064433 Meyer. Strassburg. .Tirana.org/books/OL6937403M/Etymologisches_wo%CC%88rte rbuch_der_albanesischen_sprache Zheji.J.K.jstor. Trùbner. Albanian and Sanskrit(2 volumes).15 Xhoena Polisi http://www. Etymological dictionary of Albanian language. Petro.