UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF LAW Prof. Rommel J. Casis Prof. Rommel J. Casis Rm. 302, Malcolm Hall Email:
[email protected] Consultation hours: MTTHF 9am -12nn, 3-5pm, or by appointment Law 173: AGENCY AND PARTNERSHIP Course Syllabus Course Description: The law of agency and partnership based on the Civil Code and relevant special laws. Pre-requisite: Law 101: Obligations and Contracts Course Requirements: Agency Exam Partnership Exam Recitation • Attendance • MCQs 1 = 96 – 100 1.25 = 91– 95 1.5 = 86 – 90 1.75 = 81– 85 References: 3 American Jurisprudence 2d Agency (1987) and (2011) De Leon and De Leon Jr., Comments and Cases on Partnership, Agency and Trusts (2010) Restatement (Third) of Agency (2006) Updated on 26 November 2011 25 pts. 25 pts. 50 pts. 2.0 = 76 – 80 2.25 = 71 – 75 2.5 = 66 – 70 2.75 = 61 – 65 3 = 56 – 60 4 = 51 – 55 5 = 50 & below 2 AGENCY OUTLINE - Week 1 Nov 14-17 I. A. 1. Purpose and Definition Purpose THE CONCEPT OF AGENCY [Lecture] Eurotech v. Cuison G.R. No. 167552. April 23, 2007.1 2. Definition Article 1868 – 1869 cf. 1870, 1976 a. Legal Relationship Restatement (Third) of Agency § 1.01 (2006) 3 Am. Jur. 2d Agency § 1 (2011) Rallos v. Felix Go Chan, G.R. No. L-24332. January 31, 1978 Severino v. Severino G.R. No. 180058. January 16, 1923. b. Contract Article 1868 cf. Article 1709 old Civil Code Article 1305, 1318 B. Elements of Agency Article 1868 Rallos v. Felix Go Chan, G.R. No. L-24332. January 31, 1978 cf. Article 1868, 1881, 1869, 1870 Orient Air Service v. CA G.R. No. 76931 May 29, 1991 Bordador v. Luz G.R. No. 130148, December 15, 1997 Apex Mining Co., Inc. v. Southeast Mindanao G.R. Nos. 152613 & 152628 June 23, 2006 De La Cruz v. Northern Theatrical G.R. No. L-7089, August 31, 1954 1 The facts and issues of cases in italics will not be discussed, only the relevant principles for the part of the outline where they appear. Updated on 26 November 2011 January 31. Extinguished by Death Rallos v. June 19 2000 C.R. 2005 Victorias Milling v. No. G. 117356. CA G.R. July 31. GSIS G. G.R. No. G. 119858. No. 1978 D. CA G. PNR. G. No. 167552. 142616. 2006 Ong v. September 9. CA. 120465. 1999 Angeles v.R. April 23. 2002 b.R. 2007 Doles v. No. 1.R. Heirs of Ramos. 129919. L-28740. No. No. 1.R. a. 114311 November 29. No. 149353 June 26. Tuazon v. PNB v. Felix Go Chan. August 31. 2006. Cuison G. No. Effect of Agency: Integration and Extension Authority to Act 3 Eurotech v. February 24. Agent Not Real Party-in-Interest Uy and Roxas v. NLRC G.R. As to Authority: Agency Couched in General Terms Article 1877 Updated on 26 November 2011 . No. July 14. G. 156262 .R.R. No. 1996 New Life Enterprises v. 2006 Cosmic Lumber v. 94081 March 31 1992 4. 2006 2. Notice to Agent is Notice to Principal Francisco v.R. G. 150128.R. 2001 3.R. CA G. L-18287 Sunace International v. CA. Ritratto. February 6. Nature of Agency: General and Special Distinguishing General Agency and Agency Couched in General Terms As to Scope: General Agency Article 1876 Dominion Insurance v. No. No. 1981 5. No. G. Angeles G. 161757 January 25.R.R. Bad Faith of the Agent is Bad Faith of the Principal Caram v. August 31. Laureta. CA G. No. L-24332. Effect of Absence of Specific Authorization Duñgo v. 1969 Insular Drug v. 2007 iii. No.R. July 27.R. CA G.R. 1933 Hodges v.R.R. IAC G. PNB G. 1982 ii. No. 1996 Lim Pin v. L-67889 October 10. As to Authority: Special Power of Attorney Transactions Covered Article 1878 Veloso v. 21. No. Salas G.R. Distinguishing Special Agency and Agency Couched in Specific Terms . Sta Maria G. 171460. Oral or Written ESTABLISHING AGENCY Article 1869 Updated on 26 November 2011 . 23181 March 16. No.R. Bravo G.R. CA G. L-24765 August 29. As to Scope: Special Agency Article 1876 b.R. L-32473 July 31. 1925 PNB v. 2005.R. No. No. De Coster G. 1962 Vicente v. 38816 November 3. Allied Banking Corporation G. 4 2.Week 2 Nov. 114311 November 29. 102737. 1973 Cosmic Lumber v. July 20. 1996 Mercado v. Clarifying the Terms Siasat v. No. August 21. CA G. 152658 July 29. Lopena G. No. 1996 Bravo-Guerrero v. Effect of Specific Authorization BPI v. No. L-42958 October 21 1936 Veloso v. G. August 21. No. No. 102737.R.R. Geraldez G. 3. L-47740. 1985 II. i. No. A. L-18377 December 29. Liao Tan.24 - a.R. 2006 . 1983. 111448 January 16. Paraiso Development G. No. 5 1. Form in Case of Corporations AF Realty v. CA G.1872 Updated on 26 November 2011 . 1996. Dieselman G. Implied from Acts of the Agent Article 1870 .R. 111448 January 16. 389 Rodriguez v. CA G.R.R. De Leon v. 1c. 1969 Oesmer v. De Leon Jr.Week 3 Nov.Dec. L-29264 August 29. L-57339 December 29. Express Agency Implied Agency Implied from Acts of the Principal Article 1869 Uniland Resources v. No. No. No. 2002 Litonjua v. Express/Implied Agency and Agency by Estoppel Article 1869 1. Written Article 1874 a. 2. No. b. 144805 June 8 2006 C. Eternit G. 2007. No. a.R. No.R. Dieselman G. 1991 b.R. 95909 August 16. p.R. Oral Air France v. 2. Effect AF Realty v. CA G. CA G. 2002 Pahud v. No.R. Application Cosmic Lumber V. 28 . No.R. 114311 November 29. 157493 February 5. DBP G. 150346 August 25. No. No. 144805 June 8 2006 Nogales v. 163553 December 11. December 3. The Rights of Agents Compensation THE AGENT Article 1875.R. CA G.Week 4 Dec. No.R. No. Distinguishing Implied Agency and Agency by Estoppel Naguiat v. Medicard G. 142625 December 19.R. A. No. 1921 Hahn v. 1997 Tan v.R. 15823 September 12. No. 2006 4. a.R. No. L-5180 August 31. Estrada G. 140667 August 12. PAGCOR G. 143978. Saban G. CA G. No.R. 126297. 2003 Woodchild v.R. Agency by Estoppel Based on statute Article 1873 b.R. No. 2009 Litonjua v. Roxas G. No.R.R. No. CA and Queaño G. 2005 Infante v. No. 2004 . Procuring Cause Danon v.R. February 2. 113074 January 22. No.R. 2008 Sanchez v. 2004 Yun Kwan Byung v. Prats Doctrine and Manotok Test Updated on 26 November 2011 . No. 6 3. 141525 September 2. Brimo & Co G. Based on jurisprudence Pahud v. Eternit G. 126297. 2009 Professional Service v. Cunanan G. No. February 11. 171052. 2002 Philippine Health-Care Providers v. No. 163720 December 15. 160346 August 25. 1909 a. 5-8 b.R.R. G.R. 118375 October 3. and G. 2007. January 31.R. 2010 III. Gullas G. 126297. Agana G. 1953 Lim v. 1. Capitol Medical G. January 28. 2008. R.R.R. CA G. No. L-18805 August 14. 140667 August 12. Lend to/Borrow Money from the Agency Article 1890 3. Appoint a Substitute Article 1892-1893 d. 2004 Guinhawa v. Jur. 94753 April 7. Ombudsman G. No. G. 95909 August 16. Heirs of Maximo Kalaw G. No. 1. No. No.R. 2006 3 Am. November 18. The Obligations of Agents Act within the scope of authority In general Article 1881-1882 Woodchild v. G. 2d Agency §7 (2011) Serona v. Domingo G. 1971 2. Roxas G. August 25. No. Substitute Agent: Alternate Not Delegate Baltazar v. As Regards Third Persons Article 1900 c. Authority of Corporate Officers Board of Liquidators v. 1978 Manotok Brothers v. DBP G. 7 Prats v. L-39822 January 31. No. No. 1967 Updated on 26 November 2011 . Retain in Pledge Objects of the Agency Article 1912-1914 B. 1991 c. 2005 b. No. 136433 December 6. 130423. 162822.R. People.R.R. a. 1993 Uniland Resources v. People. CA G.R. 2002 4.R. L-30573 October 29. Forfeiture of Right Domingo v. 18058 January 16. No. 1899 3. v. Inc. No. Pay interest Article 1896 Updated on 26 November 2011 . 1544 6.R. 7. Carry Out the Agency Article 1884 British Airways v. 1963 2. De Paterno G. No.R.R.R.R. No.R. 1971 Murao v. 1952 c.R. G. 1923 Araneta. GSIS G. G. 141485. 12 -15 4. No. L-30673 October 29. Prefer Interest of the Principal Over Personal Interest In general Article 1889 b. L-18287 March 30. Double Sales Articles 1916-1917. Advance Funds Article 1886 5. Property Administered Article 1491 (2) Severino v. People. 111448 January 16. a. Court of Appeals G.Week 5 Dec. 121824. 1998 AF Realty v. January 29. 2005. L-2886 August 22. Domingo G. San Juan v. Act in Accordance with Instructions 8 Articles 1887. No. 2002 Francisco v. No. Dieselman G. Court of Appeals. Render Account/Deliver Article 1891 Domingo v. 129549 September 19. Severino G. 1998 .R. June 30. No. The Liability of Agents When Solidary Articles 1894-1895 2. When Personally Liable Expressly Bound or In Excess of Authority Articles 1897-1898 Eurotech v.R. 1991. C. 109937. No. CA G. A.R. Acts Within the Scope of Authority Articles 1881-1882. Responsibility for Fraud or Negligence 9 Article 1909 Metrobank v. Special Obligations of Commission Agents Articles 1903-1908 IV.R. 8988 March 30. Obligations of the Principal Comply with Obligations THE PRINCIPAL Article 1910 a. 167552 April 23. 1910 Filipinas Life v. 2008 Updated on 26 November 2011 . Pedroso G. No. 1. Cuison G. No. 159489. Prieto G. 1916 c. Ratified Acts Articles 1901. March 21. No. a.R. 8. CA G. 1994 b. 1900 b. 1. February 4.R. Act in Own Name Article 1883 Beaumont v. 2007 DBP v. 88866. February 18. THE THIRD PARTY DEALING WITH THE AGENT Rights of Third Parties Article 1902 Updated on 26 November 2011 . 115838 July 18. 13471 January 12. No. 1967 Francisco v. 151319 November 22. 1993 2. G. 1920 PNB v. 140667 August 12. When estopped 10 Article 1911 Rural Bank of Milaor v.R.R. A. February 8. 1. G.R. 1918 3. No. 1933 V. Liability of Principals Be Solidarily Liable Articles 1911. 2002 2. No. 2000 Cuison v. CA.R. 2004 c. Advance/Reimburse Articles 1912. No. Linsangan G. L-18805 August 14. GSIS G. Syjuco G. Compensate Article 1975 B. Contract Involves Things Belonging to Principal Article 1883 Syjuco v. October 26. 1963 Woodchild v. 1915 De Castro v. 2004 Board of Liquidators v. No. Ocfemia.R. Agudelo G. No. No.R. 39037 October 30.R. CA G. 88539. No. Heirs of Maximo Kalaw G. L-18287 March 30. 137686.R. No.R. Roxas G. Manila Memorial v. Indemnify Article 1913 4. No. No. 1. January 27. Nos. Later Jurisprudence BA Finance v.R. 2006 Bacaltos Coal Mines v.R. Santa Marina G. July 3. L-33819 & L. 94566.33897 October 23. 19001 November 11. Obligation of Third Parties The Keeler Rules 11 Keeler Electric v. 1.R. No. 1997 b. No. 1992 NPC v. 1992 Updated on 26 November 2011 . Direct Management by the Principal Article 1924 CMS Logging v. Southeast Mindanao G. 41420 July 10. 1925 Barreto v. 1995 VI. National Merchandising G. 111924. Rodriguez G. a. CA G. When Not Binding on Third Persons When Notice is Required Articles 1921. CA G. 1982 Apex Mining v. 1922 b. 152613 & 152628. Appointment of a New Agent Article 1923 4.R.R. Article 1919 A. G. CA. CA G. B. No. Nos.R. Third Person in Good Faith Without Knowledge of Revocation Article 1922 3. 114091 June 29.R.R. June 23. 1873 Lustan v. Revocation In General EXTINGUISHING THE AGENCY Articles 1920. 1913 2. 8169 December 29. R. No.R. 2. 2005 5. No.R. 83122. L-24332 January 31. No. 1958 Coleongco v. No. October 19. 1964 Lim v. The Element of Control Updated on 26 November 2011 . Angeles G. In General Determined by Acts Doles v. 28050 March 13.R. Medicard G. Death/Civil Interdiction/Insanity/Insolvency of the Principal Article 1919 Rallos v. 1990 B. Agency Coupled with an Interest Contract between Agent without Knowledge and Third Person in Good Faith Article 1931 Rallos v. No. G. Sanchez v. Velasco G. Special Revokes General in Part 12 Article 1926 6. 2004 Valenzuela v. CA. When Agency Cannot be Revoked Article 1927 Del Rosario v. No.R. No. No. Withdrawal Article 1928 Valera v. 149353 G. No.R. 141525 September 2. Felix Go Chan G. L-24332 January 31. L-10881 September 30.R. 1928 C. Saban G. 1978 VII. Claparols G. Felix Go Chan G. Abad G.R. No. L-18616 March 31.R. 1978 1. DISTINGUISHING AGENCY FROM OTHER CONTRACTS A.R. 149353 June 26. 163720 December 16. 2006 2. 1. R. No. CIR G. No. Nos. Distinguished from Brokerage Hahn v. 1988 Litonjua v. Nos. No. Distinguished from Sale Article 1458 Quiroga v. Jr. 1950 E. CA G. CA G. 1988 B. 117356 June 19. Litonjua G. CA G.R. Lepanto G. Distinguished from Service Providers Lessor of Services Article 1644 Nielson v. Treatise on Philippine Partnership Law 1 (1995) De Leon & De Leon.R. Lingad G. No.R. 1957 D. 1971 Gonzalo Puyat v.R. 2000 Sevilla v. L-8169 January 29. Nos. 11491 August 23. 1968 2. 1. L-21601 December 28. 166299-300 December 13. L-20871 April 30. 1941 Chua Ngo v. CA G. Victorias Milling v. No. Parsons Hardware G. L-25965 June 30. Comments and Cases on Partnership.R. 1975 Ker v.R. L-2870 September 19. No. 1916 Shell v. Distinguished from Partnership 13 Article 1767 Sevilla v. 1997. Universal Trading G.R. 2005 C. 114074 January 22. L-41182-3 April 15. Bautista. 1918 American Rubber v.R. 47538 June 20. Agency and Trusts (2010) Updated on 26 November 2011 .R. Firemen’s Insurance G. No. 10918 March 4.R.R.R. No. L-41182-3 April 15. Mariano Uy Chaco G. No. PARTNERSHIP OUTLINE References: Esteban B. No. Arco Amusement G. Independent Contractor Article 1713 Fressel v. Litonjua G. 1999 b. January 25. 3 Litonjua v. Reyes Santos Arbes v. CIR G.R.R.R. Profits AFISCO v. Common fund Lim Tong Lim v. Elements Article 1767 Evangelista v. 1999 AFISCO v. No.R. No. 1409 (1) October 17. 45425 April 29. Characteristics Lawful Purpose and Common Benefit Articles 1770.A. 112675.R.R. 166299-300 December 13. AFISCO v. 1999 Gatchalian v. G. 1939 c.R. 136448 November 3. 2005 2. 19 ii. January 25. Separate juridical personality • When it exists Updated on 26 November 2011 . 112675. A. CA G. No. No. C. CIR. 112675. 1929 Bautista p. The Nature of Partnerships Definition Article 1767 Bautista p. 1. January 25. No. 31057 September 7. CA G. 14 I. i. No. CA G. Philippine Fishing Gear. Nos. Polistico G. 1989 SEC Opinion to Ms. THE CONCEPT OF PARTNERSHIP Historical Background [Lecture] B. 1999 a. R. G. a. G. No. CIR G. No.R. Intent of the Parties Evangelista v.R. 56 C. G. Stevens 645 P2d 82. Holler 559 P2d 1019 Murphy v. In General No One Factor [Lecture] b. 85 2. November 25. 127347. No. a. Co-ownership does not of itself establish a partnership Article 1769 (2) Oña v. 1957 Article 1775 Bautista p. May 25. L-9996. L-19342.R. October 29. CIR. Rules to Determine Existence Article 1769 1. Dept. CA. Specific Rules Person not partners to each other not partners to third persons Article 1769 (1) b. 58 • Effects 15 Aguila v. L-68118. 1957 P & M Cattle v. 1972 Obillos v. 1988 Stern v. CIR. 1999 Bautista p. No.R. 1985 Pascual v. No. L-9996. 78133. October 15. October 15. Article 1768 Evangelista v.R. October 18. of Revenue 217 NW 2d 326 (1974) Bautista 29-30 c. No. CIR G. Sharing of gross return does not establish a partnership Article 1769 (3) Updated on 26 November 2011 . CIR G. May 25. Firm Name Article 1815 Updated on 26 November 2011 .R. Nos. G. 166299-300 December 13. When Notarized Agreement and Inventory Required Articles 1771. 2010 II.R. 2005 3. August 15. Notarized and Recorded Articles 1772. Corporations as Partners February 29. Partnership Term Article 1784 D. Arlyn Solitario E. 1980 SEC Opinion to Antonio Librea September 3.R. L-19342. 1773 Litonjua v. 2003 SEC Opinion to Ms. No. 1984 SEC Opinion to Romeo Orsolino December 1.R. Receipt of profits prima facie evidence of being a partner 16 Article 1769 (4) Bautista 39-40 Heirs of Jose Lim and Juliet Lim. Partnership Purpose December 8. No. CIR. 1. 2001 2. Oña v. 143 340. Litonjua G. 1993 SEC Opinion to Val Antonio Suarez C. 1972 d. A. March 3. No. G. 172690. Formal Requirements In General FORMING THE PARTNERSHIP Article 1771 Lilibeth Sunga-Chan G. 1768 B. as amended 19 October 1984 SEC Opinion to Renato Santiago 8 July 1987 SEC Opinion to Ministry of Trade and Industry Article 1846 25 April 1984 SEC Opinion to Milton Christopher ___________ SEC Opinion to Demosthenes Gadioma III. Gernstein 460 NE 2d 1043 Hunter v. Universal Partnership Article 1777 a. KINDS OF PARTNERSHIPS A.R. Croysdil 337 P2d 174 Updated on 26 November 2011 . 482. 163 NW 608 Brown v. Universal Partnership of Present Property Article 1778. February 28.1779 b. General and Limited Partnerships Article 1776 C. 1969 B. Partnership by Estoppel Article 1825 Anfenson v.R. Banks L.A 1918D. Particular Partnership Article 1783 CIR v. Suter G. 5 Series of 2008. Universal Partnership of Profits Article 1780-1781 2. Professional Partnership Article 1767 D. SEC Memorandum Circular No. Universal and Particular Partnerships 17 Article 1776 1. L-25532. No. 2010 IV. 1818 Stratemeyer v. 166299-300. December 15. December 13. Exceptions Article 1818 b. 2006 Aurbach v. June 27.R. CA. 199 d. Spouses Ang. a. G. G. Nos. West 466 NE 2d 306 Cook v. Sanitary Wares G. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTNER A.R. 2005 Primelink v. 174149. i. No.R. Brundidge 533 SW2d 751 ii. 75875. 1989 Mendiola v. Joint venture 18 29 February 1980 SEC Opinion issued to Antonio Librea Litonjua v. 167379. No. 1799 b. No. G. G. 2006 J. September 8. 159333. July 31. Litonjua. No. Share in Profits Articles 1797. Rights of Partners Partners in General Mutual Agency General Rule Article 1803. Right to Associate Another/Authorize Admission Article 1804 c. Wisonsin Telephone v.R.R. Lehman 80 NW 2d 267 E. Lazatin-Magat. Formal Account Updated on 26 November 2011 . Tiosejo Investment v. Access to Books and Information Article 1805 Bautista p. 1. 164 ii. 1. District Court 652 P2d 613 iii. Right of Managing Partners Article 1800-1801 B. a. Conveyance of Property in Partnership Name Articles 1774. 147-148. Obligations of Partners Partners in General Contribution Articles 1786 par. Right to Participate in the Management See IV (A)( 1) (a) f. Sum of Money Updated on 26 November 2011 . 201 e. Amerco 602 P2d 469 First National Bank v. 1819 Hodge v. 19 Article 1809 Bautista p. 155-156. Property Rights Article 1810 i. Rights to Specific Partnership Property Article 1811 Bautista pp. 1. Interest in the Partnership Article 1812 -1814 Bautista 175-177 Bohonus v. Solecki 316 NW 2d 434 2. 1790 i. Garett 614 P2d 420 Backowski v. Responsible for Damage Suffered by the Partnership Article 1794 f. CA. Share in Losses Articles 1797. 170 Muñasque v. 1985 Updated on 26 November 2011 . Additional Capital Article 1791 c. Goods Article 1787 b. Article 1788 ii. November 11. p. G. Bear Risk of Loss of Specific and Determinate Things Article 1795 g. No. Account for Benefits Article 1807 i.1799 h. L-39780. Alteration in Immovable Property Article 1803 (2) d.1817 De Leon & De Leon Jr. 2 iii.R. Bring to Partnership Capital Credit Received Article 1793 e. Specific and Determinate Things 20 Article 1786 par. Liable for Partnership Contracts Article 1816. Bound by Admission or Representation Article 1820 E. OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTNERSHIP A. Bound by Authorized Acts of Partners Article 1803. Solidarily Liable with the Partnership for Wrongful Acts or Omissions 21 Articles 1822. Capitalist Partner Article 1808 V. Concurrence of Other Managing Partners Article 1802 5. 1252. Bound by Notice to Partner Updated on 26 November 2011 . 1292 b. a. Repay Disbursement of Partners Article 1796 D. Managing Partners Application of Sums Received Articles 1792.1824 2. New Partners Article 1826 3. 1818 B. Bear Risk of Certain Types of Contribution Article 1795 C. j. Industrial Partners Article 1789 4. Causes Without Violating the Partnership Agreement Articles 1830 (1). Liability for Loss or Injury Article 1822 G. In Contravention of the Partnership Agreement Article 1830 (2) c. 1. Consequences of Dissolution Continuation Until Winding Up Article 1829 Updated on 26 November 2011 . December 10.1829 Rojas v. 1990. 1813-1814 3. a. 30616. 2. a. 22 Article 1821 F. A. By Operation of Law Article 1830 (3)-(7) d. Dissolution Meaning and Effect ENDING THE PARTNERSHIP Article 1828 . Maglana G. No. 1813 b. Misapplication of funds Article 1823 VI. By Decree of Court Articles 1830 (8).R. 1831. Discharge of Liabilities Article 1835 d. Right to Damages for/Continue Business on Wrongful Dissolution Article 1837 c. June 30. Liability of Person/Partnership Continuing the Business Article 1840 Yu v. Right of Retiring/Deceased Partner Article 1841 e. i. NLRC. Right to Account Updated on 26 November 2011 . 1993 4. Right to Lien or Retention. Rights of Partners Upon Dissolution Right to Wind Up Article 1836 b. Dissolution Due to Wrongful Causes Article 1837 e. Stand in Place of Creditor.R. 23 b. to be Indemnified Article 1838 d. Lawrence. No. a. 97212. Bartlett 360 NW2d 702 ii. G. 710 SW2d 318 c. Termination of Authority to Act for Partnership Articles 1832-1834 LeMay Bank v. Election to Continue the Business Dissolution Not Due to Wrongful Causes Lange v. 1. Source of Limited Partnership Law Purpose of Limited Partnerships Definition and Formation Articles 1843 .1844 D. 2. 5. Tale and De Dios 17 August 1995 SEC Opinion to Attys. 4. Corporation as Partner 23 February 1994 SEC Opinion to Messrs. 1839 7. Espinosa and Hofileña 7 September 1998 SEC Opinion to Romulo. Mabanta Updated on 26 November 2011 . 24 Article 1842 B. Right of Expelled Partner Article 1837 VII. Winding-Up and Liquidation Meaning of Winding-up The Right to Wind-up Article 1836 3. B. Mahan 489 P2d 1197 6. C. The Liquidating Partner Period for Winding–Up Rules on Settling Accounts Article 1839 Mahan v. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP A. Right of Creditors Articles 1827. 1865 F. a. a. Cancellation and Amendment Articles 1864 . 1. To the Partnership Article 1858 c. Liability In General Article 1848 b. 25 E. Rights of a Limited Partner In Common with a General Partner Article 1851 b. 1. Additional Limited Partners Article 1849 3. The Certificate Liability for False Statements Article 1847 2. The Partnership Name Article 1846 G. The Limited Partner Contribution Article 1845 2. Loan Money from/Transact Business with Partnership Article 1854 Updated on 26 November 2011 . Immunity from Suit Against the Partnership Article 1866 4. Assignment of Interest Article 1859 g. 1855 d. Return of Contribution Articles 1857. Dissolution Article 1860 Najim v. To Dissolve Article 1857 e. Charging Interest Article 1862 H. General Partner Articles 1850. 26 c. Effect of Death Article 1861 5. September 21. 1987 Updated on 26 November 2011 . Share of Profits Article 1856 f. 2526. Limited and General Partner Article 1853 K. De Mesa SEC Case No. 1853 J. Person Erroneously Believing He is a Partner Article 1852 I. Preference of Credits Article 1863 Updated on 26 November 2011 . 27 L.