ADC Performance Survey 1997-2013Boris Murmann, Stanford University,
[email protected] The purpose of this data collection is to help identify trends and limits in the power efficiency of A/D converters. In an ideal world, everyone would use the same metrics and conditions to specify the power dissipation, bandwidth and resolution of their designs. Unfortunately, in this world, different authors use different metrics and interpretations. Having said this, it is clear that the tabulated data in this document must be read with a grain of For use in publications and presentations please cite this data collection as follows: B. Murmann, "ADC Performance Survey 1997-2013," [Online]. Available: http://www.stanford.edu/~murmann/adcsurvey.html. Notes on the primary (raw data) columns: Power (P) - Taken as specified by the authors. Sometimes this number includes power for clocks, references, etc; sometimes it doesn't. For delta-sigma modulators, the power for the decimation filter is not included. This is fsnyq - Nyquist rate,are equal to the sampling rate measured (fs) dividednear by the oversampling ratioconverter. (OSR). Note that SNDR_hf, SNR,sampling THD, SFDR tabulated as the values fsnyq/2 for a Nyquist When this data was not available, data for lower input frequencies is used instead. Fortunately, in recent years, most Nyquist converters are properly evaluated up to fsnyq/2. Only older data points (before ~2003) tend to suffer from "low frequency only" issues. Multi-GHz converters tend to roll off for frequencies much lower than fs/2. For these fin_hf - This is the frequency at which SNDR_hf was measured. For Nyquist ADCs, fin_hf is typically taken equal to fsnyq/2 where justified, i.e. the listed SNDR is also measured at fsnyq/2. Exceptions include designs that roll off below Nyquist (example: ISSCC 2003, paper 18.2., fs=20GHz, SNDR measured up to fin=6GHz ==> SNDR_lf - SNDR measured at low input frequencies. The sinusoidal SNDR near Nyquist (SNDR_hf) is not always a meaningful metric. Consider for example recent high-speed converters that are designed for broadband inputs (high speed links, cable TV tuners, etc.), where the signal power is spread rather than being concentrated DR is the measured "instantaneous dynamic range" of the converter, i.e. this metric does not contain any extra dBs obtained th Csamp - Sampling capacitance of the converter. The tabulated values corresponds to the single ended capacitance to ground Notes on secondary columns: SNDR_plot - Unfortunately, many oversampling designs specify only DR as a measure of resolution. Therefore, this columns looks to generate a "best replacement" for SNDR_hf using the smallest value among {SNR, THD, Power/fsnyq - Energy per Nyquist sample (not to be confused with the metric energy/conversion-step). It is implicitly assumed here that power scales proportional to the Nyquist sampling rate. This is true fundamentally, but in practice, it is often harder to build a circuit that pushes speeds to the technological limits. Whenever a data Notes on the "energy" and "aperture" plots: The general idea is to have one chart where low energy designs can shine (the energy plot) and one where designs with good speed-resolution product will stand out (the aperture plot); there are usually only very few designs that look good in both plots. Energy plot: x-axis=SNDR_plot, y-axis=Power/fsnyq. Aperture plot: xaxis=SNDR_plot, y-axis=fin_hf. In the aperture plot, the lines for Jitter=0.1psrms/1psrms are performance lines that a fictitious sampler with only the specified jitter numbers (no other nonidealities, such as quantization noise, etc.) would achieve. In the energy plot, the line labeled FOMW=10fJ/conversion step corresponds to the Walden Notes on the FOM vs. speed plots: The idea here is to evaluate energy efficiency against absolute speed. Since both FOMW and FOMS work well only across a limited range of SNDR, I included a plot for both FOMs. For low-resolution designs, the FOMWbased plot is more suitable, whereas the FOMS plot does a better job at rewarding high resolution designs that also push bandwidth. The plots shown in this spreadsheet use SNDR_plot (usually equal to SNDR_hf) as a basis Other notes: Bandpass delta-sigma converters are generally hard to compare to Nyquist and low-pass delta-sigma modulators. The metrics used in this data set are no exception and do not provide a fair comparison. Bandpass Some people may argue that for converters with ERBW < fsnyq/2, the power should not be normalized by fsnyq, but rather by 2*ERBW. I do not subscribe to this argument, because in a typical Nyquist converter, none (or few) of the active circuits "see" the input frequency; ERBW < fsnyq/2 usually boils down to limitations in a passive portion of the converter that does not dominate the overall power. Also, calculating a FOM by normalizing to 2*ERBW would require a change in the noise bandwidth (which is fsnyq/2), for fairness. Yet another group of I would like to thank Richard Schreier (ADI), Ken Poulton (Agilent), Yangjin Oh, Ray Nguyen, Matthew Guyton (MIT), Hajime Shibata (ADI), Yawei Guo (Cadence), Alp Oguz (EPFL), Matthias Keller (Univ. Freiburg) and Thanks, Boris [1] B. Murmann, “Limits on ADC Power Dissipation,” in Analog Circuit Design, by M. Steyaert, A.H.M Roermund, [2] B. Murmann, "A/D Converter Trends: Power Dissipation, Scaling and Digitally Assisted Architectures," Proc. [3] R. H. Walden, “Analog-to-digital converter survey and analysis”, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 17, pp. [4] R. Schreier and G. C. Temes, Understanding Delta-Sigma Data Converters. New York: Wiley, 2005. [5] A.M.A. Ali, et al., "A 16-bit 250-MS/s IF Sampling Pipelined ADC With Background Calibration," IEEE J. SolidRevisions: 20070907: First web release 20070927: Minor formatting edits 20080207: Update ISSCC 2008 20080627: Update VLSI 2008 20090423: Update ISSCC 2009 20091023: Update VLSI 2009, added FOM lines in Energy plot 20100226: Update ISSCC 2010, corrections of earlier data 20100620: Update VLSI 2010, corrections to earlier data (especially DR), formatting change to explicitly state the 20100620a: Corrections on a few selected data points (in red) 20100620b: Corrections on a few selected data points (in purple) 20110308: Update ISSCC 2011 20110415: Added area data by Marian Verhelst (Intel) 20110620: Update VLSI 2011, some data corrections 20110620a: Added FOM chart, added one data point 20120308: Update ISSCC 2012 20120812: Update VLSI 2012, included Schreier-SNDR FOM 20120812a: Correction of VLSI 2011, 12.1 20130306: Update ISSCC 2013 20130406a: Corrected the missing "TI" for time interleved designs in the 2013 ISSCC data 20130629: Update VLSI 2013, format change, added Csamp and SNDR_lf (see notes above) 20130629a: Added ISSCC 2006, 3.6; corrected VLSI 2013, 8.1 urmann/adcsurvey.html. any extra dBs obtained through variable gain. ed capacitance to ground of one input pin. YEAR 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 ID 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.8 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 4.4 4.6 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.7 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 3.1 3.2 3.4 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 TYPE NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ OS OS OS OS OS NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ OS OS OS OS OS OS OS NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ NQ ARCHITECTURE SAR Folding Folding Two-step Pipe SDSC, Pipe SDSC SDSC, TI SDCT SDCT, Complex SDSC SDCT SDSC SDSC, SwOpAmp Pipe Pipe, TI Pipe, TI Pipe Pipe, TI Flash Folding SDSC SDCT SDSC, Pipe SDCT SDCT Algo Two-Step Folding Two-Step Flash Flash Folding Folding Pipe Folding Pipe Pipe SDSC SDSC SDCT SDSC SDSC SDSC SDSC Flash Flash Pipe Two-Step Pipe Pipe 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R.2 1. and Shoji Kawahito 3.18 8.00E+07 Balmelli. T.00E+08 E. Dave Kruse. Moon-Jung Choi. Bakkaloglu. Harjani. R. G. linear J.M. Masanori Furuta.3 E. 6.00E+09 Byung-Moo Min. Charles Tan.. David Boisvert. Peter Kim.00E+06 Daisuke Miyazaki.3 2.2 3. 0.J. Nuijten.8 7..for WCDMA 0. 0. Wei Liu.8456 Mehrdad Heshami 43.22 1.9 1.. Fiez.50E+07 Jan Mulder.. Ho-Jin Park. P. van de P William Cheng. S.. K.55 2. Jong-Bum Park. Data E. 0. David Su.50E+07 Reutemann. and Borivoje Nikolic 15 5. Paterson. Martin. Penkota. 5. onlyR.00E+04 Dezzani..00E+06 Schreier. R. Halonen. and Ioannis Papantonopoulos 25 3. Korhonen...50E+07 Yun Chiu.1225 2.L.C.K.31 1. T. Tammy Tat. Samavati. S. M. K. G. Thewes.75E+07 Alfio Zanchi.. Zhou.00E+06 Gupta. B..5 1. T. 111dB Melanson. Hanke. 5 Patterson. DRHester.09 R. 0. Steyaert.00E+08 Govert Geelen and Edward Paulus 0. B. and Øystein 1. 0.. and Bruce A. Salo.00E+06 Tabatabaei.. J. A. and Valerie8 Pons 8.4 2. M. for BW=1.. 12. Bonnerud.86 2. Qiuting Huang 0. Behel.. for WCDMA 0. D.. 5. Chi-Hung Lin. 6 1.10E+08 Moldsvor. J.23E+06 Yan.00E+09 Jorge Pernillo.6. Haroun. Langmann. Andersen. M.9 Robert Jewett. Christopher M.00E+06 Blanken.79 3.. Terje N. Tom 196 Kopley.00E+07 Hung-Chih Liu. and Arlo Aude 1. Itakura. Gray.30E+10 and Ronald Stevens. Chris Menkus. M.1MHz A. D..S.50E+07 Franz Kuttner 0.84E+06 Ruoxin Jiang. Tille.56 1.. L. 2... Wais Ali. A-weightedA. 2. Robert Neff. Dieter Draxelmayr 3.DRinst=68dB Roovers.92E+06 van Veldhoven. 0.. Andre.00E+06 Robert Taft. Data for WCDMA S. Rudy J..00E+04 Gaggl. -->M. Menten. Inversi.12 1. Heinen. Jamal. T. optimistic K.00E+09 Peter Scholtens and Maarten Vertregt. 0. LF V.5 1. Siragusa and I.. Lloyd. Broken L. Haroun.Ken Poulton. T. T.50E+07 Moyal. and M. J. Timko. A. 1.00E+06 YuQing Yang.85 4.. P. J. Frank Chang. Ols Hidri. Qiuting Huang 1.. 3.3.. P. dataAsv. 1. Tejero..00E+07 Ken Poulton. and Xicheng Jiang.00E+07 Henkel.Data M. Zargari. Sotirios Limotyrakis..00E+07 K.A. F.. S. Kanon Liu. L.60E+08 Koji Sushihara and Akira Matsuzawa 0.G. is an Halonen.20E+07 Breems. Kyoung-Ho 2. Robert Neff.2 Moon. Mitteregger... Boser 7..14 A.95 1. DR=89dB. SNDR T. P. E. Lugthart. Andy Burstein. R.4 Bernd Wuppermann. F.M. R. and Jae-H Boris Murmann and Bernhard E.10E+06 Ying. Hollman.. S. and Jieh-Tsorng Wu 11.92E+06 Yao. Philips.12 1. Hensley..00E+08 Bjørnar Hernes.25E+07 Putter. K. Ward.chip.J. Groepl. 7.. DR=114dB Alexander. K. M.3 1. Brian Setterberg. Marcel L.00E+06 van Veldhoven. Sansen. F. Hurst. Lloyd Linder. Singer. Art Muto.2 2..62E+05 Gomez. Su. B. Kulchycki. 1. 2. Wiesbauer.6 9. Frode Telstø. estimate 6 2. 20 2. H..50E+06 Philips..K. Sanchez-Sinencio.. Werker. M. 1. Maloberti.10E+07 Sauerbrey. M.08 1. Atle Briskemyr. Munoz.00E+04 Waltari... E. T.2 1. Hee-Suk Yang..1 2.9 3. 0.18 2.22 1.12 6. Frank Tsay.00E+03 Kulhalli.00E+06 .10E+06 Ueno. 0.. 2. Data B. Wooley..55 1.50E+07 Seung-Hoon Lee.62 D. H. Lewis.. Fu. Westra. Hyuen-Hee Bae. Schmitt-Landsiedel.... Onodera. K.08 8.10E+06 Philips.00E+03 Feng Chen. Galton.41 2.. M. 1. T.. Data M. Data taken for CDMA mode (best FOM=0. Hezar. Torralba.5 H.. 0.00E+07 Sepke. Kuttner.. L. P.. Sodini. Kudoh. F. C. van der Weide. Mehr. Chandler. C. 0. DRinst=85dB Shibata. Lyden. Paulino.DRinst=70dB A.63 5. 0.00E+07 Olaf Stroeble.. Charles.. Gupta. A. R.. Schreier. N. 0.J. Claus.3 6. N.66 6. Brown. A. N. Matamura..25 6. F.50E+07 Kim.00E+07 Christen. DR=90dB. SHA.88 Yamamura. 0.50E+07 Gil-cho Ahn... 2.3 2. Van der Plas.C. Ben-Hamida 2.00E+08 Dorrer.95 2. Flynn 0. Holloway. Figueiredo. 1. Donnay 0.00E+08 S.for T.00E+07 G. Takasuka.00E+08 Breems..25E+07 Hwi-Cheol Kim. from charts 1Jongdae (diff. McLaughlin..26 1.. R.00E+09 P. DR J. D. Yatsuda. vanData Veldhoven.2.125 6..8V Tsukamoto. S... (best C.7 3. Sunwoo Kwon. Jae-Whui Ray. Hanneberg. Hamanishi. Mohieldin. 0. Burger.4 1. Data T. M. Cesura. Gomez.. F. C. Gyu-Hyeong Cho.50E+07 Seung-Chul Lee.00E+06 Bosi. 2. M.50E+06 Silva. G. Assumed R.00E+04 Fujimoto..20E+06 Kye-Shin Lee. GSM Bastiaansen. 0. J. Yamazaki. Chen. 10.4 2. Bang-Sup 3.00E+05 Kwon. P. P. 0. R.00E+04 Bogner. Byrd. Edward.. P. Akihide2. Hermann 5.5 5. H.00E+04 Morrow...00E+07 V. Sourja. 19..00E+06 Jinseok Koh.20E+06 Geelen. K.5dB. 15.. 0.. R. Deog-Kyoon Jeong.08 1. B. Castello. Eichler.02 Markus. K. Anantha 0. Martin. Kudo. 4. Vaz.. R.88 2.033 6. Breems. T. P. Kropf. S.R.. H. Ogawa. Huijsing.A. Ventura. Thomas. S. 0.2 Tae-Hwan. Victor Dias. J.30E+07 Mitteregger.. Blon. Minogue. Romani. S.. S. R. Naveen. A...G. Derksen. M. Simanjuntak.. Data for L.. takenG.65 A.00E+04 R. 9.. R.00E+07 Choi... FM Makinwa. Termeer.3 Verlinden.. Inerfield. Panigada. T.6 4. from C. Grace. Maloberti.00E+07 Hesener. D. Pollex.2..12 3..60E+05 Yoshioka..15 1. 0.SFDR Jong-Kee takenKwon. Melini. 6 2. Kang-Jin.N.94E+06 Brewer. B. R.. Kwi-Dong Kim. P. 0.. Eul. Yasuhide. Nyquist input (ENOB=7. Gotoh.2 Hae-Seung 4. A. D.Carl R. Dong-young Chang.50E+07 Yoshioka. Kwi-Dong SNDR and Kim. M. R. Y. Sourja Ray.. Hein.1976 1. K. mode.1 1. Adams. I. Mansson. Dobson. D. S.2pJ/conv-step) Vongehr.) Kim. A...10E+06 Kong-pang Pun.0. and Stephen H.A.5 D. S. Roovers. F. Bellaouar.. 1. Jong-Kee Kwon. Kanazawa.J. Bang-Sup. G. Pastoor.42 8. Paul J. 8. Geelen. Ozaki. Jiang Yu. Falt. Bacrania. Melodia. at Nyquist 0. Seung-Tak. Huaijin Chen.. Lopes. K. Kuttner.. taken forR.00E+06 Yaghini. Burian.62 4.~9.32Jongdae Kim 1. K. S-C. Sang-Min. F. van 0. 0. Watanabe.14E+05 Craninckx.43 2.. Watanabe... M.6 2. B.40E+04 K. Gomez. 20. Palaskas.4) 0. Song..00E+08 S..VDD=0. K. Sweetland. Chamarro.. G... M. M. for 20MS/s. Lyden. Todd. C.. Vickery. Youra. Greco. Lore. Brodersen 0..extracted P.4 1. Wooyol Lee . K. VanData der Plas.06 1..5pJ/conv-step) 0. M. Seung-Chul Lee.. Hee-Cheol.. Wonchan Kim 0. Yunyoung Choi. Y.. Mechnig. 1. 0. Kudo.. Kanti 1.00E+05 Breems. Gorbold.21 M.A. B.6728Hiroaki.DR=89.96 and Kanti Bacrania 1. K.00E+06 Nagai. M...00E+05 Munoz.25E+08 P.H. Choi. Chandrakasan. Y...55 Wenske.10E+10 S-W.00E+07 Young-Deuk Jeon..1ENOB Abidi. G.. Monteiro.13 Tanabe 5. Oh..2 E. John. A. H. van IF Veldhoven. Kuttner. H. Decoutere. C. K. 0. Park. Kohhei. S. Burra. Paterson.00E+07 Nguyen. R. Fiorenza.. Franco Maloberti 1. Song. Haroun. K.. Rutten. M. A. manually Hurrell.. I. Temes. Hartig.. A. 0.. 0. 2. Shouri Chatterjee.. plot Maurino. 1. 0. Kim. Abo. 2.82 K. 0. Peter Kinget 0.FOM=0. A.1.00E+06 Verma.. N.2 2. Ju-Hwa. Herbison... Johns. Satou.28E+05 Das. L. R.. Franz. Holuigue.50E+04 Goes.3 4. G. G. Hurst.. Lee. L. T. G.6372 4. Philips.03E+08 Moon.. Jeong-Woong 1..6 2. J...32 2. Cardoso. A. Fachada.. Wang.00E+06 Ahmed. Hamashita. Schvan. Putter. Y..00E+07 Seung-Tak Ryu. Paulus. Lewis. Johns. 2. M Wang. Miyamoto.taken Qiuting for Huang WLAN mode 0. Johns. René 3.25 6.. D.. D.36Wegberg.. Peter.N.50E+07 Shimizu. H... N. 2.00E+05 Fontaine. Lee.taken Mori. Y. and Christoph Schwoerer.J.J.. Seo.2. A. Young-Deuk Power inlcudes Jeon. Maloberti. Peter. Abaskharoun..00E+07 Ouzounov. G. Ebner. Keane. Rose.. O'Brien. P.00E+07 Huber. P. Yoo.20E+07 Ryu.2. J. van Roermund.. R. 0.5MHz R. 4 1. Shigemitsu.. Murayama. Govert. Mi-Jung. J. Bang-Sup Song.. Wang 3. 16 34.atYang. E. Fig.25 Laing. Zhou. Soumyanath 1 1. Bu.00E+09 N. Tursi. R.28 5. V.1. Edgar 0. Bjornsen. Soumyanath used 1 2.toFlemke. A. A. Santner. Y-H.0756 Yves Rolain.4 Huang. J. Wen-Tsao Chen. S. Ian Galton 4 5. Michael P. Ishikawa. Moldsvor.. T. G.00E+06 Jun Cao. Pieter Rombouts.1 Lee. Huang. Payne.00E+07 B. A.. Valvano 7.25E+08 G. 0.039 2.00E+08 Tzu-Yi Yang. Chao-Cheng 4. Raghavan. Yan. 0. J. Daly.50 R.. U.2 Kocaman.50E+07 C-C.3 1.5MHz K. L. F. Wang. Schofield. Lee 0. Chun-Cheng Liu.07 5.06 3. for Smith. A.5 6.0.00E+06 Vijay Dhanasekaran.4. Nuzzo. R.00E+06 L. Doerrer. B. Liu. Tsai 5. K. B.. T. fin=60MHz H-S. Kuijk.9dB Y-F.00E+05 Matt Park. S-J. Shibata. Chironi. P. Kaylor. B.3 2. Falt. Garg. 12GHz Ben-Hamida.84uW 2. Craninckx 2. 4. H. Bo-Wei Chen. Hsueh. Verbruggen 0. P. SNDR R. Wambacq. Gibbins. Moon 2. Ali. Lyden.8 Greshishchev. Geert Van der Plas 2. Han 0. W.. D. Szu-Kang Hsien. M. Schmitz. Wambacq. Yen-Ting Liu. Holdo.49 2. Chiu 0. Hensley.52 F. Bhoraskar.N. Kudoh. Schvan. Chae. Weaver. Maloberti 15 0.18 Huang 4. Hidri. Yun C Ashutosh Verma. N. Yung-Yu Lin 0. Breems 0. Chinmaya Mishr Lynn Bos. G.6M. Bonizzoni.059 2. C. S. Data D. Craninckx. Michael Perrott 0. Verbruggen. Puckett. Huang. Flemke. Roux.SNDR Li stays >32 dB up to fin=450MHz 0. Chae. B.MHz.. Pollex. D. Corsi. Furuta. Lee.2 G. S. Song. I. Tu. de Groot 0.98E+08 A. Takasuka. Van der Plas 0. Yoshioka.05 1. T. Malla. S. S.03 1. Taylor. for Falt.5 8.2. Geraedts. C-C. Bray. MacKenzie. S. G. MASH21 K. Cheng-Chung Hsu.22. Behzad Razavi 0. F. T. Li 1.5 D.. H. P. ERBW Korsvoll. Shimizu. Baschirotto.50E+07 Shahrzad Naraghi. Hartig 0. JanSNDR Mulder. Jose2. C-M. Steven Decker.50E+08 P. Murayama. Verbruggen. Itakura 0.. Cranickx. Morgan.0. Aguirre. van Tuijl. Van der Plas. Sitch. Ribner 1. Werker. Data C.00E+07 B.00E+07 B.29 1. Matthew Courcy. Wolcza K-W. C. Harpe. M. Gibbins. A.67 G.25E+07 Andrea Panigada. J. Hasnain Lakdawala. fin=6.SNDR/SFDR Chou. Abaskharoun. Boulemnakher. Shaikh.00E+05 A Agnes. Y-L. Guang-Ying 0. N.from Johns Fig. E. C. Min. 5.0902 J. 0. Telsto.0625 7.00E+07 Y. S.0275 B. L. Galton 0. Manisha Gambhir.00E+07 M.33E+08 Siddharth Devarajan. Dolmans. H A. 0. M. C. Y. for 2. G-Y. Julien Ryckaert. large A.0888 2. Singh. M. Huang. Razavi. Glenny Ying-Zu Lin. Bo Zhang. Malcovati.5 Hoehn.03E+08 C. Briskemyr. Hummerston.10E+09 G. Chen.25E+06 W. 0.2.56 ENOB. Vickery 4. Liu.50E+06 Y-C. W.5 4 8.154Sánchez-Sinencio.07 4. J. O. Paillardet 0.00E+07 P. K. T.50E+06 P. Korrapati. 3. BW K. Manganaro. A. M. Takeuchi.. Nauta 5. Mohamed M. 17. Y-Z. H. estimated David A.00E+05 Erkan Alpman.00E+08 Wenbo Liu. Klumperink. Wang. pseudo differe gives 5. Chang. Abhishek 10 Kamath. Schvan. 34.1 6. Shu. Data Aniya. H. Dillon. Huang. Kropf. Ben-Hamida. Y-K. K. U-K. Vinje.00E+07 W.25E+07 M. P.00E+05 K. C.03 2.00E+07 B. Hae-Seung Data for Lee200MS/s 0.45 2. Hurrell. Gerd Vandersteen.00E+07 Sheng-Jui Huang. is 59. F. Dan Kelly.9 D. V. Puaschitz. 1. Huang. G. Yung-Pin 1.5 1.. Yang. L.20E+10 J.80E+10 S-C.9 8. Reconfigurable.00E+07 M. 78. I. Takayama.. C. Francese.25 0. Larry Singer. P. Andre.. Data for D. H. E. P. 2 2.09 4. P. 1.9 D. Pollex. Patterson.4 2. A.12E+06 Y. K. P. Yuchun Chang. Taft. Fong-Ching Huang. Bach. upP.0585 2..11 5. 21. from Fig. P. S. B-S. 1. Nozawa.084 2. Chen-Chih1. J.7 D. Kuijk.. G.00E+07 Silva-Martinez.00E+04 B. Ying-Hsi Lin. Elsayed. 3. A. A.00E+06 C. E. T-C. Y.Brooks.taken Andersen. Wei Zhang.00E+04 B. 9. Gin-Kou Ma. J. Giannini. M.50E+08 D. Greshishchev. J. Delong Cui. 0. 33. dB up to fin 16N.24 5. Lattimore.75E+08 Y. Vander Plas. Lin. Hershberg. Cao. P.0256 L. R. M. Chandrakasan 3 1. Van der 0. D. P. Lee. J. Richard Carley.9dB/64.1. Hamashita.0165 Plas 29. A. Vasani. Bacrania 0.00E+07 Imran Ahmed. T. Lee. Besson . H. fs=160MS/s. Temes 2. M.715 2. M.25E+08 Bardsley.0572 5. A. 8GHz.07 5. Yatsuda 0.50E+07 M. G.00E+08 Hernes. J. Kornegay. P. X. Ginsburg. Wang.. Hae-Seung Lee 0.10E+09 R. Chandrakasan Data for single ended. U-K. fin=80 S. SNDR J.50E+07 Lane Brooks. R.00E+07 Y-S.00E+07 Z. Flynn 0. S-C. M.00E+08 Lee.00E+04 R. Chih-Yung Shih. Gregoire. Kuttner. Hsieh Fig 16. B. Lakdawala. O. MHz at D. T. Schinkel. Moon 1. Pi. Rutten. van Elzakker. aboveY.6 Paul Wilkins6. C-H. Stop. Soon-Jyh Chang. 0. K. P. Veldhoven. A. Harpe et al. Mulder.00E+04 M. Harrison et al.2 2. S-W. forChio.9 P. Morie et al. Bumha Lee. E. 1. Witte et al.23 2.6 1. Shibata et al.00E+07 H. Sestok. M. U.6 4.042 2. 0. Han et al. van der Weide 5. Bray.00E+07 P. Miyahara et al.00E+08 B. 12b data 0.00E+07 D.0462 1.0 1. L. J. Un-Ku Moon 0.50E+08 K. P.49 6.98 1. at Sin. Data for fin=4MHz 0.25E+08 J. Chen et al. Wei.0015 6. F. 34. Maloberti 0. 9. 0.K.4 2.50E+05 Y.OSR=16 Maloberti 0. 1.00E+10 B. Kauffman. Reddy et al. Makinwa 0.0. M.00E+06 P.212 1. C-H. Steyaert 0.60E+07 V.00E+09 L.45 6.25E+01 C-Y Liou et al.50E+07 C. Zhang et al.40E+07 H. 0.19 1.076 2. Chai et al.5.30E+09 R. IF = 200MHz 0. Witte.35 N. Smith.24 1. Ward. IF = 700-800MHz 0. J. Nyquist S-P. A.4 54. 103. Kull et al. Verma et al. Yetis. Chae et al. 0.80E+07 P.2. Westra. W.1 1. Murden. J.00E+09 E. Bright.12 3. E.43 3. 7. 0. Kosic.047 2. G. Ortmanns 0. Yip. E. Bolatkale. Chandrakasan Data for 10b mode 0. S. 5.00E+08 J. Hershberg et al.67E+02 Y.3375 1. van Power der Goes. forF.00E+08 J.079625 4. G. Nani.55 73.492 5. R. 4 0.36 4. El-Chamas. Kapusta et al. 0. Wan.27 5. Moon 0. Data U-F. Janssen et al. Shu et al. A. Chae et al.00E+08 H-K Hong et al. Brunsilius.Numbers Bonizzoni. Zanikopoulos. Fredenburg 0. Brown. Doris. R. Data for VDD=1V 0.00E+05 S. Luu. Siragusa. M.00E+07 Y.50E+07 B.25E+08 J. 0. Malki et al.00E+07 D. B. Michel.00E+04 A. U-K.50E+07 P. from R.88 C. Pena Perez.9 1. M. D. Data for 80MS/s 0. Maghari. includes D. reference Vecchi. Payne.5 1.066 1. 0. 0. Janssen. 400MS/s. C. Harpe et al. Chan.15 2. J.024 2.10E+07 B. Becker. P. Verbruggen et al.00E+08 M. K.375 1.08 1. Corsi.04E+06 F. Martins.3 1.00E+07 . Barlow 4. Tal 5. K. 10. Srinivasan et al. Setterberg et al.80E+09 B. no SNDR data? 5.4V 0. 0. E. Bult 4. C. 0.5 F.44 1. Rutten. Ayranci.50E+07 N. Breems. Data for 10b mode 0.097 2. Fig.00E+07 H. M. IF=450MHz.038 4. F.00E+04 J. M. Shettigar et al. Data for VDD=0.50E+08 R. E. 1.00E+06 Ho-Young Lee. Crivelli et al.00E+04 T.00E+09 Y-S. 0 62.7 54.0 53.3 89.4 64.9 27.0 64.0 84.0 48.9 81.4 86.0 63.0 79.6 59.0 75.8 62.2 86.0 64.0 84.0 35.0 71.1 62.0 84.0 84.0 71.0 78.7 54.0 84.0 73.0 59.7 34.0 SNDR_plot [dB] 56.0 71.3 31.0 75.0 72.4 84.0 70.0 90.1 89.SNDR_hf [dB] 56.5 70.0 90.9 89.0 118.0 83.0 75.1 67.0 48.0 51.0 75.0 43.0 77.0 67.0 78.0 60.5 SNR [dB] DR [dB] -THD [dB] SFDR [dB] 64.5 75.0 110.0 97.0 72.0 44.0 67.0 62.0 96.0 35.0 65.0 90.0 75.9 89.0 72.0 71.0 90.0 44.0 96.0 46.5 84.1 97.0 70.0 110.3 97.0 58.5 58.0 95.0 35.0 33.0 82.8 57.1 62.0 58.0 80.0 64.0 84.9 80.0 86.5 75.1 95.0 95.0 62.9 27.7 34.0 77.2 88.0 75.2 88.0 43.1 58.0 87.0 52.4 55.0 58.0 29.0 82.5 66.0 77.0 88.0 70.3 73.0 75.0 67.1 67.0 70.6 55.0 98.0 35.0 63.0 51.0 65.0 72.0 44.0 84.0 58.0 84.0 66.0 53.0 29.0 90.0 70.0 81.6 74.0 44.0 53.8 104.5 66.0 67.0 58.1 58.0 44.4 55.3 31.3 47.0 .0 72.8 74.0 67.8 57.0 93.0 54.0 51.0 66.0 70.0 87.0 64.0 59.3 102.0 74.5 64. 0 33.2 70.0 82.39.6 35.2 70.0 65.0 96.0 77.0 48.0 48.0 56.0 76.0 75.0 50.0 68.0 72.0 75.0 70.0 55.0 82.0 68.5 84.0 56.1 31.0 29.0 54.0 67.0 72.0 82.0 55.5 50.6 65.6 .0 45.0 74.0 50.0 31.0 52.0 49.3 111.0 88.8 54.0 82.0 48.0 29.2 85.0 90.0 73.0 88.0 103.0 46.0 76.0 63.2 52.0 55.9 81.0 75.0 72.0 45.0 99.0 45.0 68.0 78.0 68.0 63.2 105.0 103.1 31.9 36.0 81.0 90.0 83.0 58.4 70.0 84.0 94.0 74.0 72.8 54.9 36.0 70.8 56.0 50.0 88.0 72.0 33.0 76.0 74.0 56.5 50.9 79.8 46.3 53.0 50.0 79.0 86.0 67.0 64.4 47.0 88.0 73.0 76.9 81.0 53.8 72.4 47.0 72.0 77.4 67.0 83.0 39.0 106.0 70.0 76.9 51.5 72.9 51.0 47.0 31.0 45.0 49.0 64.5 20.2 67.5 30.0 58.0 81.5 20.8 79.0 68.0 77.0 65.0 45.0 88.0 83.0 55.0 75.0 79.2 81.0 67.0 70.0 83.2 81.0 50.0 67.0 75.0 86.0 68.0 62.0 83.2 52.2 105.0 58.5 30.0 45.0 84.0 70.0 56. 0 76.0 63.0 46.0 69.0 103.0 76.0 106.0 76.0 33.6 54.0 23.0 87.0 77.0 76.0 84.0 23.0 78.0 72.0 77.0 90.0 58.0 52.0 75.0 63.0 71.6 54.3 83.5 97.7 47.0 76.0 81.7 47.0 86.0 52.0 55.0 66.8 74.0 98.0 85.3 71.8 33.0 75.0 82.6 55.0 74.0 52.0 69.0 72.0 51.0 65.3 83.0 82.0 74.8 33.4 56.0 53.3 57.0 53.0 52.0 68.0 85.0 72.0 20.0 80.8 22.8 74.72.0 63.0 74.5 97.5 57.0 70.3 57.0 87.4 56.0 86.7 54.6 55.0 82.0 70.2 67.5 70.6 55.9 61.5 71.0 80.0 63.5 78.0 84.0 86.6 62.0 66.5 57.0 78.5 78.3 71.0 75.0 73.0 66.0 70.6 55.0 78.0 67.0 72.0 74.0 65.0 81.0 86.0 82.0 80.0 103.2 67.0 70.0 33.0 76.0 20.0 82.0 82.0 46.0 80.0 63.0 .0 57.0 73.0 51.0 63.0 68.0 57.0 51.0 51.0 102.0 82.0 90.8 22.0 100.0 102.7 54.3 83.9 61.8 106.0 76.0 73.6 62.0 81.0 55.7 63.0 55.0 82.0 76.8 72.0 77.0 72.0 100.9 73. 6 56.7 32.0 66.0 77.0 49.1 52.0 82.0 77.4 83.0 67.9 38.0 27.0 72.0 31.4 40.0 68.8 59.6 85.0 34.0 53.0 27.2 62.0 74.0 68.0 72.0 31.5 80.9 56.0 81.5 64.0 84.0 81.0 53.6 77.0 79.4 32.8 82.0 40.2 79.5 68.0 84.0 43.2 73.5 69.5 75.0 67.0 22.5 80.6 81.0 97.8 53.4 25.4 78.0 80.4 58.5 56.7 32.0 67.0 77.0 79.0 41.0 48.1 60.9 35.0 54.0 64.0 90.6 48.6 77.0 85.2 31.0 43.4 78.5 32.2 62.7 63.3 36.0 53.0 80.0 58.0 77.4 76.6 61.9 69.3 28.0 56.0 66.4 58.1 79.0 56.1 71.0 67.0 62.0 76.0 72.2 59.1 79.9 55.0 64.0 54.1 60.0 70.0 45.0 82.0 54.4 40 54.0 104.0 81.8 58.0 92.7 79.0 68.9 69.1 77.8 72.3 28.8 58.0 93.4 78.0 65.0 54.5 27.9 38.0 49.1 77.0 81.0 66.40.4 32.6 56.0 93.0 76.3 54.5 27.3 65.0 34.0 78.0 22.0 81.5 75.1 62.1 52.8 53.0 87.4 69.0 80.3 54.0 64.2 59.5 92.0 91.0 48.0 65.0 53.5 64.0 81.0 53.0 64.2 31.6 81.2 79.5 56.2 .7 66.0 85.8 59.4 25. 0 58 77.0 95.0 59.4 55.0 70.0 78.8 67.6 78.0 39.6 25.1 52.3 .3 51.2 71.0 54.6 69.3 51.0 79.8 57.0 89.3 51.0 68.0 65.0 79.3 73.8 54.3 73.0 70.0 77.8 76.0 74.6 69.2 73.0 40.8 57.0 78.1 76.5 50.5 32.0 61.9 119.0 54.0 58.3 51.4 55.1 84.0 86.0 62.3 75.2 61.8 76.9 60.0 65.0 70.0 53.0 39.0 78.0 74.4 61.0 56.6 62.1 69.9 119.3 64.0 67.0 75.5 32.8 54.5 59.5 84.0 63.5 70.2 73.0 61.0 84.0 62.0 61.4 29.0 40.5 72.3 70.4 29.0 50.8 74 81.6 25.5 70.0 58.4 64.2 58.0 56.0 70.0 79.5 59.0 63.3 70.0 60.2 71.5 79.0 65.2 61.0 75.0 70.0 67.5 78.0 84.3 48.6 62.9 60.5 70.5 78.3 88.0 53.1 81.0 83.5 50.0 59.6 80.2 88.48.2 58.0 81. 00E+07 7.00E+04 1.20E+05 2.60E+02 1.25E+00 8.60E-03 4.10E-01 1.00E+07 2.75E+04 4.00E+06 2.00E+04 6.00E+07 P/fsnyq [pJ] 6.20E-01 2.00E+05 1.35E-02 5.70E-01 1.38E+08 1.14E+06 5.63E+04 2.00E+07 2.28E+05 7.63E+03 3.30E+07 6.10E+09 1.40E+07 7.00E+04 2.25E+05 2.50E+07 3.50E-01 2.00E-01 1.20E+04 2.60E-01 2.00E+07 2.30E-01 5.50E+07 4.15E+04 FOMW_lf [fJ/conv-step] 17676.00E+07 OSR 1 1 1 1 1 8 500 100 32 25 64 141 25 48 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 71 65 1 200 250 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 24 8 53 16 14 34 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 fsnyq [Hz] 2.00E-01 3.50E-01 5.70E-01 5.00E+07 8.95E-01 3.30E+09 1.P [W] 1.00E+04 2.40E+07 1.25E+03 1.00E+06 1.10E+09 1.45E+04 2.43E+02 5.50E-01 5.20E-02 1.50E+05 2.50E-02 4.50E+07 4.12E+04 3.00E+07 1.30E-01 1.28E+08 5.50E-01 2.50E+08 4.78E+05 4.30E-01 7.00E-02 2.30E-01 8.00E+06 2.50E+07 4.00E+07 4.24E+03 2.00E+07 4.20E-02 3.40E+07 7.40E+07 1.75E+05 1.00E+07 4.00E+03 1.00E+09 1.01E-03 1.80E+04 1.00E+08 1.00E+07 3.75E+03 8.00E+07 2.25E-01 2.80E+04 1.25E+05 1.00E+08 5.50E+08 4.00E+07 5.80E+03 1.92E+06 5.18E-01 8.00E+06 1.70E+04 3.00E+06 1.50E+07 5.00E+05 5.19E+02 2.60E-02 1.80E-02 1.50E-01 7.00E+03 4.30E+07 1.00E+02 2.35E+03 1.00E+07 5.00E+02 6.00E+08 4.50E+07 4.00E+07 2.00E+07 4.00E+08 5.00E+08 4.00E-01 1.40E+00 1.00E+05 4.75E+04 4.80E+05 1.41E+04 1.00E+05 8.00E+07 4.00E+05 1.00E+07 6.00E+07 5.65E+04 9.50E+06 4.00E-05 2.28E+08 5.45E-01 3.00E-01 4.00E+07 6.75E+04 1.54E+06 2.80E+07 4.00E+05 5.00E+07 6.80E-03 3.50E+07 5.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.30E+09 1.00E+05 3.50E+06 2.51E+04 9.95E-01 6.80E+07 8.50E-04 7.50E+04 2.00E+07 1.00E+04 6.24E-01 6.00E+07 2.1 .00E+07 1.60E+04 4.60E-01 fs [Hz] 2.40E+03 4.00E+08 1.65E-01 6.70E+00 1.32E+04 3.82E+06 1.62E+03 1.50E+06 2.25E+05 2.25E+04 1.00E+07 8.50E-02 7.00E+03 3.00E+08 4.00E+08 5.64E+06 5.11E+07 6.33E+02 6.30E-03 9.25E+04 2.00E+08 2.00E+07 2.18E+05 1.00E+07 6.25E+08 4.13E+03 3.25E+05 7.73E+02 1.80E+03 5.00E+07 1.00E+08 5.65E-01 7.00E+06 4.00E+05 9.00E+07 5.00E+07 1.60E+04 1.80E-01 2.00E-03 1.00E+07 1.50E-01 5.95E-01 2.00E-02 1.50E+07 3.46E+03 4.00E+07 2.60E+04 2.08E+05 2.00E+07 7. 4.00E+07 1.25E+02 1.00E+02 1.00E+07 2.00E+07 2.30E-03 2.50E-02 1.50E+08 1.00E+06 1.25E+03 1.20E+02 3.00E+07 1.82E+04 2.73E+03 3.00E+07 1.30E-02 1.13E+03 6.00E-02 3.80E-01 1.00E+04 3.34E-01 1.50E-02 1.95E+03 2.00E+07 2.67E+03 2.00E+07 2.20E+08 1.73E+02 1.35E+03 1.00E+07 1.00E+07 5.00E+07 2.00E+07 2.00E+07 1.00E+10 2.50E+08 7.20E+06 3.68E+06 4.80E-02 1.85E+03 1.33E-01 7.22E-01 2.00E+10 2.40E+07 2.00E+04 1.00E+10 6.20E+07 1.33E+02 6.84E+06 4.60E-02 1.60E+07 2.60E+04 2.10E-02 2.30E-02 1.40E-01 5.35E-01 7.00E+09 8.00E+07 2.25E+08 4.00E+08 4.02E+06 2.63E+02 8.10E+07 5.60E+08 2.25E+08 4.00E+01 3.47E+02 1.00E+08 3.60E+04 4.00E+07 8.35E-03 1.20E+08 1.58E+04 4.20E+05 7.82E+08 6.54E+08 6.4 5524.00E+07 5.50E+03 6.12E-01 4.46E+06 2.00E+07 2.43E+04 1.92E+06 4.50E+01 1.15E+03 2.60E+08 2.80E+00 1.87E+03 1.12E+04 8984.00E-04 3.00E-02 2.05E+08 1.10E-02 3.90E-02 1.70E-03 5.20E-02 4.10E+07 5.00E+06 2.43E+04 3.09E+01 6.10E-03 6.20E-02 2.52E+07 6.50E-02 2.43E+03 1.52E+02 3.11E+02 1.00E+08 2.20E+07 8.27E+00 2.84E+07 7.60E+09 6.38E+06 5.65E+04 6.00E+08 2.55E+04 8.00E+07 1 1 1 1 1 1 50 48 10 8 38 33 12 1 64 1 1 40 63 26 128 10 31 16 32 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 8 8 128 16 100 48 24 32 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4.00E-01 1.20E+08 3.10E-03 4.25E+03 3.15E-01 3.58E+02 1.00E+04 2.07E-03 1.00E+06 4.12E+06 3.00E-04 1.25E+02 2.60E+09 6.00E-02 7.40E+07 1.90E-03 4.67E+01 9.00E+00 7.50E+08 1.20E+07 1.50E-01 2.40E+08 1.33E+02 6.56E+04 1.90E-01 1.30E-01 2.20E+08 6.23E-01 2.00E+07 2.00E+07 1.00E+09 8.18E-02 5.09E+04 7.00E+06 1.10E-01 6.00E+03 2.17E+04 1.55E+02 8.32E+09 4.20E+07 1.00E+07 3.00E+09 1.12E+03 8.00E-03 1.00E+08 4.50E+07 2.68E+02 9.93E+02 3.00E+02 1.40E+07 4.00E-01 6.00E+06 4.40E+07 1.50E+07 7.04E+03 7.14E+02 4.95E+03 5.40E-04 1.50E+08 1.94E-01 2.84E+06 2.00E+07 1.00E+06 6.60E+09 4.50E+07 7.00E+06 2.00E-02 3.00E+07 2.33E+03 5.00E+10 6.20E+06 5.25E+02 1.00E+09 1.60E-04 1.00E+06 4.30E-03 5.20E+08 3.02E-01 3.50E+08 1.60E+00 3.68E+07 3.00E+08 2.00E+06 1.14E+07 4.60E+05 7.04E+08 5.3 .20E+06 2.50E+08 7.00E+06 1.82E+03 3.00E+06 1. 00E+09 2.14E+06 1.36E+02 8.00E-02 3.09E+02 2.04E+08 1.80E-02 3.00E+07 4.56E+05 1.16E+03 2.20E+07 5.10E-03 2.70E+03 2.20E-02 1.00E-03 4.00E+07 8.76E+08 6.25E+09 1.00E+06 8.40E-03 3.20E+07 5.60E+03 2.20E+06 1.50E+05 9.90E-04 6.20E+10 6.20E+04 4.00E+07 4.50E-01 1.00E+06 4.00E+06 8.52E+03 1.50E+02 2.25E+02 1.00E+07 8.00E+07 2.40E+03 1.10E-02 8.24E-01 1.00E-03 3.00E+04 6.38E-02 2.45E+01 1.00E+06 3.07E+06 4.50E-02 2.13E+02 2.00E+04 3.44E+02 3.17E+04 2.50E-03 8.30E-02 3.70E-03 6.10E-03 5.67E+08 5.60E+07 4.50E+02 4.75E-01 2.30E-03 3.00E+08 5.00E+08 6.45E+03 6.20E+02 1.13E+01 5.20E+10 6.20E+06 2.68E+07 2.00E+07 5.25E+02 3.32E+08 3.00E+07 1.00E-03 2.00E+02 3.00E+03 1.00E-04 2.00E+04 2.40E+08 2.44E+03 4.60E+08 3.50E+02 3.50E-02 4.00E+07 3.00E+09 2.00E+09 4.00E+07 3.30E-02 2.10E-03 1.10E-01 5.70E-03 4.57E+02 2.00E+07 1.44E+08 1.98E+02 .75E+02 7.88E+06 2.80E+04 4.00E-02 2.60E-02 6.35E+02 5.00E+07 2.32E+08 2.75E-01 2.50E-03 5.00E+02 2.05E+08 9.00E+07 3.40E+08 2.00E+08 1.00E-02 3.83E+00 2.60E-02 2.71E+03 3.00E+04 1.00E+04 4.00E+06 2.03E+03 3.14E+06 6.50E-02 8.25E+08 2.09E+03 4.00E+07 8.00E+06 1.04E+07 6.00E+09 4.84E+07 2.40E+07 5.05E+08 1 1 1 64 10 10 10 4 154 154 1 1 1 1 26 154 223 42 32 12 16 31 104 33 60 64 250 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 12 65 63 1 8 1 1 1 1 8.25E+09 1.35E+03 9.68E-01 2.44E-03 3.50E+02 7.40E+06 6.00E+00 5.23E+06 2.20E-03 4.7.00E+07 8.17E+07 1.00E+02 6.25E+05 1.25E+08 2.50E+01 2.00E+07 8.80E-02 3.20E+06 5.00E+07 4.52E-03 5.00E+07 1.21E+04 5.60E+07 7.00E+07 4.50E-03 2.90E-02 3.40E-01 1.23E+01 1.00E+08 4.05E-02 1.40E+07 5.64E+08 4.00E+09 4.40E+08 2.00E+07 1.00E+07 4.00E+07 4.50E-05 2.24E+03 3.20E+06 5.00E-02 3.40E+06 2.70E-02 3.00E+07 4.25E+05 2.00E+06 1.00E+05 4.00E+07 8.00E+03 2.55E-01 3.00E+07 1.00E+09 3.08E+04 5.50E-01 5.00E+05 1.00E+05 1.00E+07 1.00E+07 4.00E-04 2.00E+07 1.40E+07 2.02E+00 5.32E+04 8.00E+07 6.00E+05 1.00E+07 2.13E+02 1.60E+08 3.00E+08 1.60E+02 7.00E+07 3.50E+02 1.00E+06 1.00E+08 5.40E-02 4.00E+08 1.40E-03 6.70E+07 4.30E-03 2.38E+05 1.50E+03 5. 00E+04 2.60E+01 2.00E+08 1.00E+07 1.80E+00 8.90E-03 4.60E-05 9.00E+07 1.50E+08 1.20E-04 1.00E+07 6.00E+08 5.00E+08 1.00E+07 2.30E+03 4.70E-02 4.00E+08 4.15E+09 1.00E+07 5.98E+02 5.50E+07 4.00E+07 4.20E-02 1.89E+03 4.00E+04 4.50E+08 1.60E+08 2.79E+01 3.51E+02 4.00E+05 1.50E+08 1.00E+06 1.90E+00 3.00E+09 8.03E+10 2.18E+03 1.40E-03 1.00E+05 5.60E+08 2.20E-03 1.40E-05 8.8 1014.00E+07 1.00E+08 5.00E+08 2.30E+03 1.1 828.00E+06 1.03E+10 2.30E-01 4.00E+07 4.71E+01 3.15E+00 2.00E+08 1.01E+04 1.00E+02 1.00E+06 1.05E-01 3.60E-06 2.00E-01 5.26E+00 9.20E+09 9.50E+08 6.00E+08 3.02E+07 4.25E+08 1.50E+00 2.00E+04 4.50E+09 1.50E+01 1.13E+02 4.00E+06 1.56E+01 5.75E+09 4.20E+07 2.00E+03 3.70E-03 3.50E-01 8.21E-03 8.20E+00 1.40E+03 6.00E+05 1.00E+01 1.50E-04 1.67 23 32 6 80 1 1 1 1 128 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.35E+02 2.50E-02 3.00E+08 6.90E-06 3.50E+08 1.50E+08 1.25E+09 2.20E+09 1.20E-03 3.25E+08 1.62E+00 2.00E+07 1.00E+08 1.85E-01 1.25E-02 3.98E+02 9.00E+08 3.30E-01 9.05E+01 4.50E-02 2.00E-02 1.00E+07 5.05E-02 6.00E+07 1.00E-02 5.74E+00 3.40E+10 2.40E+08 2.13E+01 6.13E+03 2.64E+01 1.60E+07 4.20E-03 8.00E+01 9.38E+03 3.50E-03 2.9 442.00E+07 2.20E+09 9.00E+06 4.50E+08 1.33E+01 2.50E-03 9.00E+07 5.66E-06 5.56E+08 1.00E+08 1.40E+10 2.00E+01 2.00E+10 4.00E+08 2.75E+01 49.00E+06 9.25E+01 4.00E+06 4.90E-05 1.50E+08 3.8.50E+01 8.00E+08 1.71E+03 3.00E-02 1.00E+06 1.00E+07 1.00E+08 5.50E+07 4.25E+07 4.34E-04 1.25E+09 2.18E+00 1.63E+02 1.00E+08 1.52E-03 1.00E+08 6.00E+08 4.08E+03 1.70E-02 4.13E+03 3.00E+07 4.20E-04 1.00E+07 2.25E+07 4.00E+10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 100 375 12 11 32 16 300 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.00E+07 1.00E+08 5.00E+05 2.00E+08 1.80E-01 3.50E-03 8.00E+08 1.00E+08 4.00E+02 2.00E+08 1.03E+01 1.05E+08 8.83E-03 3.40E-02 1.13E-03 6.46E+00 5.00E+08 4.60E-03 1.38E+02 2.96E+08 8.00E+07 5.50E-03 1.90E-01 8.20E+00 1.97E-03 3.20E+08 6.2 1104.05E+08 8.00E+08 1.27E+01 1.00E+07 1.40E+03 1.20E+08 1.00E+05 4.79E-02 1.50E-01 1.00E+03 6.02E-03 1.40E+02 8.90E-01 1.02E+07 4.28E+08 2.75E+09 4.21E+03 2.10E+02 3.6 .00E+05 2. 60E+09 1 2.80E+07 4 8.89E+02 473.75E-01 1.20E+08 2.00E+06 1 3.00E+08 1 2.00E-02 1.50E+10 1 2.00E+08 2.60E+02 1.00E+08 10 3.39E+01 3.00E+09 8.3 99.00E+04 1.56E+03 2.00E-05 6.33E+03 1 5.4 .50E-03 1.00E+07 2.43E+00 8.30E-06 5.50E+08 5.39E-01 3.70E+02 2.00E+09 13 6.00E+05 1 1.47E+01 1.10E-03 5.00E+05 4.00E+02 1.40E-01 7.00E+10 3.00E+07 2.00E+10 1 6.00E+09 1 8.75E+02 1.08E+02 1.60E-02 8.40E+08 18 4.20E+07 1.08E+06 2.90E-03 9.54E-03 1.20E+07 8.00E+04 2.00E+10 1 3.00E+07 4.00E+07 1 2.00E+08 1 8.00E+07 1 2.40E+03 5.50E-06 1.21E+02 9.00E+08 17 4.20E-03 2.00E+07 1 1.00E+08 1 8.40E-04 2.00E-03 2.31E+02 1.22E+01 2.36E+00 8.70E-03 8.50E+08 2.43E-06 2.80E-02 2.00E+09 50 2.69E+01 6.80E+07 3.60E+06 16 3.00E+08 2.60E+09 2.00E+08 8.06E-07 2.4.00E-03 1.75E+02 1.00E+08 8.00E+07 5.00E+00 1.50E+02 1.00E-01 4.7 539.60E+09 1.02E+03 1.00E+04 1 4.56E-01 8.70E-08 4.50E+09 1.80E+00 3.00E+04 1 5.00E-02 5.50E-01 1.00E-07 6.40E+01 1.05E-01 1.13E+03 1.20E+01 3.00E+07 1 2.50E+01 5.03E+01 1.00E+07 1 1.00E+07 24 1.39E+03 3.06E-03 1.00E+05 1.00E+01 1.20E-02 5.00E+10 3.00E+09 16 5.00E+07 1.33E+03 2.00E+07 1.00E+07 1 4.20E+09 80 8.20E+09 9.25E+03 1.90E-03 7.06E-04 6.66E+01 7.95E-01 2.49E+01 4.50E+09 1 1.40E+06 70 1.55E+00 1.00E-01 5.00E+07 4.37E-03 1.83E+03 8.00E+05 6.85E+02 5.67E+02 2.80E-01 5.74E-05 2.20E+09 1 9.00E+04 5.39E+01 1.00E+07 2.00E+06 3.60E+09 1 1.50E+04 2.00E+02 2.00E+07 1 4.50E+08 1 8.08E+02 2.00E+04 2000 5.00E+05 1 6.00E+08 1 2.00E+07 1.00E+07 7.52E+05 1.55E+02 2.00E+07 4.08E-02 3.00E+08 30 5.00E+01 2.11E-02 2.50E+10 2.00E-03 2.40E+01 2.00E+08 10 5.00E+08 2.60E+07 4.50E-02 2.60E+09 50 6. 8 1114.5 14485.0 161.8 4632.6 119.3 9126.8 139.FOMW_hf [fJ/conv-step] 109339.3 39165.0 2986.5 315924.2 23315.7 159.0 148.4 5330.8 130.1 1188.7 694.4 145.8 138.7 122682.4 30619.9 158.1 8337.5 147.4 21224.1 7813.3 151.2 161.7 150.6 139.8 128.2 22180.8 1021.8 158.1 9748.1 8214.8 143.9 139.2 17677.9 119.3 150.3 1223.2 1215.6 123.2 128.2 125.7 .4 130.0 FOMS_lf [dB] 122.9 12266.0 140.4 65521.8 10444.6 143.7 30741.9 85371.4 25036.7 34073.5 9549.1 4320.0 165.2 2559.7 152.6 136.4 145.2 148.9 13126.4 128.1 2049.4 141.8 8762.5 155.8 10641.3 34999.0 FOMS_hf [dB] 125.8 137994.4 120.7 129.5 132.8 6207.7 126.5 136.4 3069.8 116.0 142.0 141.4 2719.4 3907.0 139.7 44143.5 5249.6 153.9 157.3 1809.3 144.2 135.3 4656.1 5431.7 29987.6 146.9 122.9 126.7 5122. 9 157.1 2458.2 132.7 140.8 135.3 6000.0 154.1 148.6 142.8 1226.4 162.5 1294.2 319.7 3449.0 3027.7 3111.3 680.5 158.3 130.1 150.5 2520.8 1841.8 146.5 573.7 132.6 142.2 135.2 8261.4 2116.1 145.1 150.0 3416.0 142.8 149.9 148.4 1305.3 20617.5 4006.8 155.1 160.9 139.4 153.6 153.6 167.0 24109.3 150.3 130.9 125.4 2441.7 8049.8 138.8 381.8 119.2 151.8 422.2 9220.2 3394.3 3148.9 712.4 2863.9 470.1 .4 865.5 2844.9 2113.7 5128.0 137.2 5822.1 150.1 135.9 143.7 1322.1 5533.2 137.15642.0 159.0 153.8 20661.0 5302.5 154.7 144.7 2478.8 149.5 2265.4 575.5 124.3 429.2 161.2 3044.9 11631.7 144.5 1302.2 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CMOS a 90nm Ito.CM K NQ Pipe.mu/m Norling.YEAR 1997 1997 1998 1998 1998 1999 1999 1999 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2007 2007 2007 2007 ID 3. 8 input bit subrangi H.18 A third-order A third-order /spl Sigma//spl EA modulator Delta/ Jae modulator Hoon employing Shimin 0.3-V 240-MS/s A bandpass CMOS /splbandpass Sigma//spl Cheung.-S. converter converter A.5 V.2 6. A 1. TI 0.13 A 1-V. transceiver transceiver K. Engl. A/DA/D A.18 An 8-bit 30This MS/s paper 18 mW describes ADC with Sigenobu.3 6.2 6. 1AMS/s.13 A 10MS/s A11-b 10Ms/s 0.5 7. ADC Pipeline J. MS/s CMOS 14.13 A calibration-free A calibration-free 3V 16b 500kS/s 3V 6mW Hee-Cheol 6mW 16-bit 0.500 1.output CMOS Bluthgen.L. /spl Sanse mu/m Sig NQ Pipe. 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Yoshioka.2 14. pipeline ADC M.0058mm^2 An extremely 7.Moon Quantizer tw An 85dB SFDR A 1-0 MASH 67dB SNDR sigma-delta 8OSR S.045 0. Y.4 8.24pJ/Conversion-Step Double-Sampling T.1 5.7dB paper.4 5.065 0. Two-Step a noise-shaped U. B.4 25.isZhu. efficient Y. presented K.Using pipelined Hershberg.4 21.3 25. for A 4. Signal-Dependent CMOS Y.H. frominP. ΔΣ Modulator C. Lee.-S.ADC 240MS/s Lee.SAR Chen. Pipelined T. ΣΔ ADC Y. VCO-Based K. with operati Tri-Lev T. TI 0.5 8.5-mW low-power Pipeline N. Lee.-Y. Pipelined 11bit pipelined SAR M. withSh a Digitally Synthesized An ADC is synthesized StochasticS.028 0.-T.-Y.Martin SAR ADC Re An 8. Pipeline is proposed.065 0.-W. 2 1.75 3.50E+08 2.05E+07 1.0 40.6 0.50E+07 5.8 0.0 52.00E+07 2.00E+05 3.00E+06 8.6016 2.10E+07 SNDR_hf [dB] 91.5 33.75E+09 5.56 SNDR_lf [dB] fin_hf [Hz] 2.0 63.00E+04 4. SNR not reported Includes preamplifier Double-sampling mode Quadrature mode 0.4 0.25E+06 2.96 Calibration GSM mode WCDMA mode SNDR.5 44.00E+06 5.0 22.19 0.5 0.44 6.00E+09 3.00E+08 2.5 2.25E+07 6.50E+05 2.32 2.6 26.68 1.5 8 1.4 77.4 60.9 55.00E+05 2.0 89.1 31.3 1.3 12.2 55.15E+06 5.00E+06 1.00E+06 4.8 1.50E+07 2.0 33.0 48.00E+07 2.00E+07 2.55E+07 2.88 1.68 5.00E+09 5.5 42.00E+05 5.08E+04 5.00E+08 5.0 33.04 0.2 45.4 57.9 1.50E+08 1.3 78.5 0.20E+07 2.9 1.2 1.70E+05 2.0 55.00E+08 5.2 40.0 72.51 1.04 2.0 67.3894 0.00E+06 2.50E+08 2.00E+05 5.5 70.00E+03 5.9 36.0 56.2688 0.00E+06 4.24 5.00E+06 6.0 40.4 1.3 1.50E+07 2.0 78.32 1.4 61.7 1.055 0.0 84.7 0.0 31.00E+08 9.00E+07 4.5 47.00E+07 1.8 56.5 43.19 0.2 0.25E+07 1.3 45.40E+04 5.44 1.COMMENTS Csamp [pF] Software calibration AREA [mm^2] 29.0 .00E+05 1.00E+06 7.00E+07 5.0 54.7 41.00E+07 4.00E+06 1.1485 0.25 0.00E+05 2.1 0.5 58.5 0.0 60.28 1.5 4.00E+07 1.5 58.75E+08 1.15 0. 0 63.00E+06 7.00E+07 4.0 58.7 62.0 30.0055 0.44 1.090 0.1 67.15E+09 2.0 32.4 UMTS mode 0.4 DVB-H mode 0.50E+09 5.3 44.30E+07 2.028 Power includes digital 1.00E+08 5.6 24.92E+06 70.00E+07 1.0 53.16 0.0 32.0 63.075 0.12 1 0.8 0.0308 0.13 0.00E+07 5.4 60.7 63.00E+06 5.13 0.50E+07 2.4 52.0 78.4 0.0 32.00E+07 3.2V 0.50E+06 5.0 86.5 65.75E+08 2.2 64.00324 14 3.00E+07 2.4694 0.18 Data at fin=10MHz 0.1 28.00E+03 1.00E+06 7.4 95.0 72.71 Bandpass 0.92E+06 1.8 33.0 47.0 64.075 0.00E+07 1.00E+05 5.00E+07 4.3 41.00E+07 2.0 65.0 56.0 63.60E+07 5.7 30.0 25.0 76.00E+07 4.086 Data for VDD=1.7 0.50E+07 5.33 A different use of the term "switched-opamp" 0.8 1.04 3.0 48.0 73.50E+04 1.50E+06 8.26 0.0 53.00E+07 1.7 0.3 2.50E+07 5.25E+08 1.4 WLAN mode 0.0 33.84E+09 2.32 0.125 0.00E+05 2.00E+04 1.00E+09 3.4 0.35E+09 3.16 0.3 75.18 0.00E+07 1.95E+06 8.4 0.123 0.01 Data for 20MHz BW.75 0.5 39.3 64.32 0.15E+07 2.00E+07 8.25E+06 5.00E+05 1.0 .0 75.33E+06 2.185 0.00E+07 1.50E+07 1.02 1.100 0.00E+09 5.9 62.7 54.5 0.4 BT mode 0.50E+07 5.2 70.8 82.00E+05 2.89 0.125 GSM mode 0.0 68.00E+06 2.00E+06 4.28 0.4 Differential mode 0.5 0.1 73.00E+08 8.50E+07 1.3 54.3 Numbers for BW=20MHz 0.85 1.085 27. power for SDC core only 0. 03 5.0 2.225 5.5 0.0 The data listed2.11 1.00E+07 at 10MHz 75.50E+09 30.0 0.11 60.071 3.100 0.00E+08 50.50E+07 69.3 0.00E+07 65.7 Recorded power does nt include digital post-processor 0.0 .3 Data for Modulator B 0.4 jitter.50E+08 33.00E+08 38.18 1.00E+07 70.0.0 0. ADC breaks beyond this frequency 0.00E+08 57.42 1.004 3.00E+08 52.05E+08 30.33 29.8 0.0 0.00E+04 50.0 4.50E+09 33.0 0.3 0.40E+09 48.25 2.00E+07 44.128 0.1 0.0 0.1 Data for fin=100MHz.37 5.046 2.0 Includes FFE/DFE 0.00E+06 59.00E+08 40.50E+09 51.000 0.00E+07 75.9 0.50E+05 46.50E+08 52.0396 1.00E+09 27.023 6.2 5.9 0.81E+09 37.3 2.05E+08 55.0058 1.75E+07 70.021 1.0 0.00E+06 70.4 2.2 0.2 0.2 5.9 Reported HF performance was genarated by subtarting 0.50E+07 66.0 0.013 5.55 5. with jitter include Only fin=1MHz data reported.6 0.70E+09 here is from the conference talk.064 0.50E+07 61.9 0.0 0.98 degrades significantly 1.0 1.04 1.46 1.56E+04 45.00E+08 52.61.0 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.36 1.18 55.051 1.5 0.00E+08 42.055 2.56E+04 60.0 0.1 8.26 65.2 8.1 3.5 1.00E+03 58.5 69.0 Used data for highest BW 0.00E+06 73.2 0.1 0.06 2.075 3.025 39.23E+07 44.50E+08 56.28 estimate 1.75E+08 43.00E+04 56.4 1.9 0.1 fcenter = 200MHz 0.16 5.9 0.0112 5.50E+07 67. but unlikely that anything 1.02 33.18 1.0 0. 00E-03 4.10E+09 2.0 59.0 88.9 73.0 67.70E+00 1.00E+06 1.0 67.0 31.0 45.00E+06 1.35E+09 3.20E-05 1.0 72.0 48.0 33.0 52.0 82.0 60.0 60.1 67.0 46.20E-01 6.0 55.0 46.0 76.9 60.80E-02 6.0 55.25E+01 3.0 30.0 40.5 58.40E+07 3.00E+09 1.20E+07 .0 90.2 71.4 58.28E+08 4.0 78.00E-03 4.40E+08 4.0 68.00E+08 4.4 77.00E+09 5.80E-01 8.25E+08 3.00E-03 1.10E-02 9.02E+06 6.4 57.00E-02 3.0 53.00E+08 8.00E+09 1.50E-01 4.0 30.6 26.0 55.60E-02 1.65E-01 5.5 70.2 45.2 55.0 62.3 81.00E+08 1.0 76.00E+07 8.50E-01 2.60E-02 2.40E+07 6.0 55.00E+07 4.00E-02 8.00E+05 3.7 41.17E+04 1.00E+08 5.0 56.80E-02 7.0 84.0 75.0 91.00E+08 1.00E+07 8.40E+08 2.5 58.90E-01 2.1 31.5 43.00E+07 4.20E-02 5.68E-01 9.00E+07 1.00E+08 6.7 78.50E+09 1.70E-02 9.00E+07 8.0 89.40E+08 2.0 84.0 45.00E+08 2.7 87.0 84.2 40.70E-02 3.00E-03 7.0 90.0 SNDR_plot [dB] 91.0 72.SNR [dB] 92.0 DR [dB] 94.0 76.80E-02 4.30E+07 5.14E+06 6.60E-03 6.0 63.2 46.00E+08 1.4 76.0 40.3 53.0 85.00E+06 1.05E-01 3.50E-03 1.0 88.0 86.14E+06 8.0 75.5 44.50E-01 9.0 22.0 67.07E-01 1.00E-02 1.54E-03 fs [Hz] 6.0 68.5 36.3 78.0 80.7 62.3 69.50E-03 1.0 76.20E+06 4.6 54.0 P [W] 6.00E+07 4.5 47.80E-01 3.00E+07 1.0 61.1 80.00E+08 1.00E+06 1.8 56.4 60.00E-01 7.40E-02 3.37E-02 3.00E+08 5.5 52.0 69.0 35.00E+09 6.0 86.10E-01 1.00E-02 1.0 54.0 76.08E-02 7.0 92.00E+08 4.10E+07 4.00E-02 3.50E-01 1.5 33.0 33.94E-05 7.2 64.0 96.05E+08 1.90E-02 1.00E-02 1.0 77.0 85.40E-03 7.70E-02 3.0 -THD [dB] SFDR [dB] 69.80E-01 9.8 35.9 36.00E-02 1.80E+08 5.00E+07 2.9 55.0 56.5 80.00E-03 1.43E+07 1.3 62.0 47.00E+07 5.20E+00 2.5 42. 0 56.24E+07 1.00E+08 1.4 95.0 75.00E+07 2.50E-03 1.5 67.50E+08 8.7 62.0 83.0 70.1 28.0 64.40E+08 3.4 52.32E-03 6.20E-02 8.3 54.00E+08 1.0 94.0 1.90E-03 8.60E+07 5.02E-01 1.80E-03 9.40E-01 5.6 8.60E-03 3.0 75.28E+08 1.0 51.40E+08 2.0 76.0 76.2 70.5 39.82.0 25.0 48.60E+10 1.0 84.5 70.40E+08 1.2 70.0 45.3 85 78 75 72 58 79.15E+08 5.60E-03 1.00E-02 5.64E-01 2.2 67 59.57E-03 1.50E-03 9.20E-02 7.20E-04 2.36E-02 5.80E-02 3.84E-02 3.60E-06 6.55E-03 1.80E-05 1.0 78.0 80.50E+08 3.4 60.0 32.5 70.60E-02 2.8 33.50E+08 6.0 32.0 65.60E+07 6.3 60.0 72.00E+08 5.00E+07 1.46E+08 .6 76.0 33.0 51.00E+07 1.44E-03 5.2 64.0 48.0 44.80E-03 3.51E-03 0.0 76.3 41.00E-03 3.0 63.9 62.6 24.0 68.40E-02 3.80E-02 1.00E+05 2.01836 1.7 63.0 47.40E-04 3.30E-06 5.0 61.0 70.0 32.10E+07 1.20E-01 1.00E+06 2.8 82.00E+06 9.0 68.35E-01 6.12E+07 9.40E+07 4.0 73.10E-03 3.0 100 86 63 81.70E+09 7.25E+08 8.0 56.0 100.50E+09 8.00E+09 8.20E-03 4.0 62.0 72.0 63.0 66 79 48 83 74.6 77.00E+02 1.50E+09 4.0 62.75E+09 5.53E-03 1.1 73.0 71.00E+07 2.4 42.0 84.3 75.92E+08 6.00E+09 1.60E+07 1.2 73.7 54.03E+10 5.00E+07 1.88E+09 2.00E+07 5.30E-03 6.00E+08 6.00E+07 1.00E+07 4.0 58.0 77.00E+07 5.0 68.0 90.0 72.0 84.5 65.60E-02 9.50E-01 1.00E+07 2.1 60.70E-04 2.10E-02 4.60E-03 3.0 69.0 33.0 86.14E-02 8.1 67.00E+06 2.60E-03 4.00E+08 8.0 84.7 30.0 61.00E+08 1.39E-02 2.20E+10 1.3 64.20E-03 3.00E+07 5.00E-01 2.0 63.80E-03 2.0 53.12E-02 2.3 85.80E-02 8.0 53.00E+07 1. 1 46.00E+08 1.1 50.0 57.5 73.80E+09 5.40E+08 2.0 70.13E-04 3.3 70.20E-03 1.40E+09 8.0 38.0 71.00E+10 .60E-02 1.40E+08 3.0 91.0 58.8 75.10E+08 1.00E+04 1.00E+09 3.8 51.00E+08 8.50E-03 8.0 27.80E-03 4.00E+05 3.00E+09 2.00E+09 3.3 45.46E-05 2.0 52.9 57.00E+08 8.0 70.00E+09 6.9 56.0 38.0 76.1 33.60.00E-01 2.5 30.80E+09 1.8 43.00E+08 2.6 48.10E+08 1.00E+09 3.0 66.4 50.30E+09 3.7 67.9 65.00E+07 2.50E+08 5.90E-02 3.5 48.38E-03 1.50E-03 5.9 50.0 30.1 66.0 57.70E-07 2.00E+07 2.0 38.15E-02 1.0 70.0 56.0 61.2 42.1 71.1 64.9 44.3 83.14E-03 7.60E-03 4.00E+09 2.46E-02 3.10E-02 7.0 71.4 61.40E+08 8.13E+04 3.79E-07 4.0 33.0 65.20E-06 1.5 72.29E-02 2.40E+08 2.50E-02 8.96E-03 6.0 66.0 58.00E-02 2.00E-02 1.1 70.93E-02 3.0 75.0 77.0 61.10E+06 4.1 50.13E+04 1.6 85.0 5.0 57.40E-06 3.09696E-06 8.4 55.0 75.0 35.20E+08 1.00E+09 7.30E-03 1.00E+07 2.2 57.40E+09 2.0 61.00E+07 2.10E-03 3.9 59.20E-02 4.0 75.90E-02 1.00E+08 1.3 52.0 77.48E-02 2.0 40.0 56.2 55.46E+07 4.4 63.9 44.50E+04 6.70E-08 1.0 65.50E-02 1.0 71.00E+08 8.30E-02 3.1 69.40E+08 5.10E-03 5.70E-02 3.65E-02 4.00E+07 7.9 59.2 37.00E-01 4.0 60.6 71.27E-02 3.0 50.0 83.57E-03 8.6 52. 3 462.5 11381.13E+04 1.67E+03 5.0 40263.4 13077.08E+04 1.48E+04 2.0 946.8 1939.00E+07 8.5 736.7 4129.4 9520.30E+02 8.68E+02 1.00E+08 8.7 5468.18E+01 1.6 622.00E+02 7.25E+02 2.00E+06 5.7 10526.6 1939.00E+04 4.56E+06 2.00E+07 8.50E+04 8.20E+07 P/fsnyq [pJ] 1.7 1649.00E+07 2.00E+07 2.80E+03 9.6 3181.10E+07 2.50E+09 1.18E+03 1.0 45500.3 1356.00E+02 1.43E+07 1.00E+06 1.9 6430.50E+05 8.00E+02 1.00E+08 5.0 9581.00E+06 6.3 119873.25E+08 3.1 979.1 1980.5 3089.5 833.90E+03 4.7 15068.4 8053637.9 600.10E+07 4.7 939.2 870.80E+08 5.00E+08 1.20E+04 1.8 746604.17E+04 1.2 28431.10E+03 1.00E+06 5.80E+04 1.00E+02 2.00E+08 1.85E+06 1.1 15498.85E+04 1.40E+03 1.0 3955.2 3850.80E+03 4.00E+06 2.00E+08 1.00E+03 1.0 2240.50E+02 1.2 3661.75E+02 1.45E+02 6.69E+03 7.00E+07 1.8 6529.50E+02 1.00E+03 3.00E+05 4.00E+08 4.35E+09 3.10E+09 2.1 7796.00E+07 4.52E+03 1.8 1253.OSR 154 1 1 1 500 1 1 1 40 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 24 1 8 4 17 600 120 96 1 1 1 1 1 64 64 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 128 64 8 2000 1 1 1 1 fsnyq [Hz] 4.18E+04 1.00E+05 2.00E+05 1.9 10349.00E+03 1.2 3836.90E+03 3.05E+08 1.7 6038.5 2151.00E+08 1.5 4223.31E+02 3.71E+03 7.10E+03 8.3 19587.40E+07 4.1 227.25E+04 1.92E+03 9.48E+02 3.15E+02 FOMW_lf [fJ/conv-step] FOMW_hf [fJ/conv-step] 5289.6 360.00E+06 1.65E+03 2.50E+06 4.00E+06 4.52E+03 1.60E+04 1.40E+05 5.00E+06 1.80E+01 4.00E+08 2.00E+07 5.63E+05 1.80E+02 3.00E+09 1.00E+08 5.7 3318.9 3943.20E+01 3.80E+02 6.00E+09 6.00E+06 1.00E+07 8.00E+06 1.38E+04 1.00E+04 8.00E+08 4.0 .4 11935.00E+07 4. 4 580.00E+02 3.8 388.00E+02 2.88E+01 2.0 4561.74E+04 1.7 459.30E+03 7.00E+05 3.78E+00 2.00E+08 5.00E+07 3.60E+08 3.4 380.60E+07 5.60E+04 2.00E+07 2.0 562.40E+03 4.00E+07 1.84E+06 3.02E+03 7.50E+08 2.8 680.00E+08 1.9 1174.3 504.00E+01 9.1 28.67E+09 4.30E+01 1.30E+02 4.20E+00 4.00E+07 3.2 1976.1 959.1 748.00E+02 6.72E+01 6.00E+06 8.60E+03 9.1 1968.3 327.00E+07 2.56E+04 3.8 2830.00E+07 1.2 2250.00E+04 2.4 244.24E+03 3.00E+06 4.00E+07 1.75E+00 2.7 168.13E+02 2.00E+07 4.1 1 1 16 125 8 1 24 1 1 1 1 1 1 100 130 16 5 1 1 1 1 15 32 50 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 100 1 128 96 32 24 16 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 10 32 56 64 3.2 195.00E+07 1.60E+03 9.10E+07 1.50E+06 1.00E+07 2.50E+07 1.2 11148.00E+06 4.9 283.50E+01 4.00E+05 1.00E+07 6.00E+09 1.9 2317.60E+02 2.85E+01 6.00E+08 1.7 378.7 145.00E+05 2.00E+07 1.5 473.00E+07 8.00E+08 5.05E+04 8.00E+08 8.4 1325.5 347.3 606.00E+03 2.3 147.3 499.75E+09 5.00E+07 1.12E+02 3.9 1016.9 1213.15E+02 1.40E+01 1.25E+02 1.19E+03 1.80E+00 1.66E+02 3.80E+04 9.8 11.50E+03 1.00E+07 1.1 234.4 146.00E+07 8.50E+02 2.00E+07 4.1 52.1 112.40E+02 3.90E+02 6.6 303.7 51.40E+02 7.8 1107.60E+10 1.09E+03 2.00E+06 4.67E+02 5.5 908.7 329.02E+01 1.50E+08 1.55E+02 1.2 967.30E+07 5.20E+01 7.13E+02 1.3 .4 2952.00E+02 2.6 24.6 494.2 32.75E+02 2.9 349.8 188.03E+10 5.00E+07 1.5 810.70E+09 7.90E+06 1.20E+10 1.34E+00 6.80E+00 3.6 281.84E+06 2.07E+07 4.29E+02 369.60E+02 3.33E+02 2. 60E+07 3.8 99.2 75.9 259.00E+09 3.2 45.2 49.4 483.0 574.22E+00 5.3 1432.20E+08 1.09E+00 2.1 201.6 51.5 18.59E+01 3.70E+00 1.64E+01 1.40E+09 2.70E+02 3.4 29.2 46.00E+07 2.00E+09 2.1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 40 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 8 8 32 14 16 8 6 64 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3.0 61.13E+04 3.3 368.00E+00 1.11E+01 5.0 38.75E+01 2.00E+09 3.9 258.50E+07 6.29E+02 8.8 33.8 195.33E+02 1.00E+08 1.3 16.00E+08 1.29E+01 8.00E+10 1.20E+02 2.00E+07 1.9 50.6 6415.51E+01 2.78E+00 1.6 89.00E+07 3.10E+08 1.00E+07 2.7 .80E+09 5.70E+00 2.60E+01 3.13E+04 1.10E+08 1.00E+09 3.10E+06 4.23E+02 9.48E+01 4.69E+01 1.4 433.5 6.23E+03 5.00E+04 1.69E+02 3.22E+00 7.67E+02 1.67E+00 3.30E+09 3.1 44.4 337.7 289.00E+08 8.50E+08 5.00E+05 2.48E+02 9.26E+01 1.2 39.00E+09 2.46E+07 4.00E+07 2.93E+00 101.17E+02 7.8 71.00E+08 8.00E+07 5.10E+02 1.98E+00 1.6 460.38E+01 3.2 674.9 6.00E+03 1.1 96.00E+07 7.8 11.80E+00 6.6 303.67E+01 1.3 92.83E+00 1.00E+07 3.25E+02 1.00E+07 4.00E+09 7.00E+09 1.7 54.9 41.10E+02 9.80E+09 1.0 20.9 59.00E+07 5.2 3.2 364.8 101.00E+02 4.00E+07 7.6 137.4 68.66E+02 2.3 358.65E+01 2. 1 148.5 127.2 167.0 160.0 146.2 124.9 156.6 139.6 129.1 151.7 141.0 145.7 147.1 153.3 123.8 155.7 142.7 132.2 127.9 127.4 102.1 144.6 141.4 .6 153.7 123.0 129.0 143.5 133.3 129.1 133.FOMS_lf [dB] FOMS_hf [dB] 156.1 146.4 150.3 166.2 143.6 139.2 161.6 137.1 143.7 134.7 132.3 127.8 132.3 125.5 127.3 139.3 118.4 136.7 128.1 131.4 132. 2 135.4 152.4 153.5 147.8 148.7 133.4 161.6 130.4 161.3 155.5 151.0 141.5 158.4 153.135.2 133.2 154.9 166.2 156.8 130.5 147.8 151.2 162.5 169.4 142.9 133.9 167.5 156.6 160.4 .7 149.8 150.3 160.7 154.5 156.0 155.9 157.2 132.7 148.1 151.9 127.0 138.8 159.9 140.1 148.8 162.6 162.4 155.9 127.9 159.0 159.7 158.5 156.7 137. 9 161.7 151.7 157.8 147.2 145.2 162.1 148.3 166.6 157.0 165.7 164.1 159.5 156.9 158.8 151.3 154.8 157.8 137.2 153.0 155.9 152.4 148.7 155.4 141.8 146.7 164.8 168.1 153.7 137.8 171.158.0 .8 135.3 171.2 159.7 164.8 141.0 144.5 157.6 163.1 169.4 158.6 153.0 145.5 157.2 150.0 124.6 157.8 144. 00E-13 snr=-20log(2*pi*sigma*f) f 1.00E+03 5.00E+07 1.59E+03 8.00E-13 fomw=p/fsnyq/2^ENOB sndr 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 p_fs [pJ] 2.00E+00 5.58E+03 8.00E+05 5.00E+11 SNR 144 124 104 84 64 44 24 4 SNR 164 144 124 104 84 64 44 24 FOMW 1.00E+07 p_fs [pJ] 5.00E-12 1.00E-02 5.58E+01 8.00E+10 1.00E+02 5.00E-03 5.00E-01 5.17E-01 2.00E+08 1.17E-01 2.00E-04 5.58E+00 8.58E-01 8.17E+00 2.58E+01 8.00E+05 5.00E+04 1.18E+04 FOMS 160 170 sndr 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 p_fs [pJ] 5.58E+02 8.00E+09 1.58E+00 8.00E+06 1.17E+02 2.00E+02 5.17E-02 2.00E-02 5.58E-01 8.Jitter 1.00E+00 5.58E+02 8.00E-01 5.00E+01 5.00E-05 5.17E+01 2.00E+06 5.00E+04 5.58E-02 8.00E+03 5.00E+05 1.00E-04 5.00E-14 1.17E+00 2.00E+01 5.18E+02 2.00E+04 5.18E+03 2.59E+04 8.00E+06 foms=sndr+10log(fsnyq/2/p) .17E+01 2.00E-03 5.18E+03 p_fs [pJ] 2. E+00 FOMW=10fJ/conv-step FOMS=170dB 1.E-01 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 SNDR @ fin.E+04 1.E+03 1.1.E+05 1.E+01 ISSCC 1997-2012 VLSI 1997-2012 1.E+06 P/fsnyq [pJ] 1.hf [dB] 80 90 100 110 120 .E+07 1.E+02 ISSCC 2013 VLSI 2013 1. E+05 1.E+09 Jitter=1psrms Jitter=0.1psrms 1.E+03 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 SNDR @ fin.E+07 1.hf [Hz] 1.hf [dB] 100 110 120 .E+08 1.E+04 1.E+06 1.1.E+11 ISSCC 2013 VLSI 2013 1.E+10 ISSCC 1997-2012 VLSI 1997-2012 fin. E+05 1.E+09 1.E+03 1.E+01 ISSCC 2013 VLSI 2013 ISSCC 1997-2012 VLSI 1997-2012 1.E+02 1.E+05 1.FOMW.E+04 1.E+06 1.E+00 1.E+04 1.E+07 1.E+08 1.E+10 1.hf [fJ/conv-step] 1.E+11 fsnyq [Hz] . E+08 fsnyq [Hz] 1.E+11 .E+05 1.E+09 1.E+04 1.hf [dB] 160 150 140 130 120 110 1.180 ISSCC 2013 VLSI 2013 170 ISSCC 1997-2012 VLSI 1997-2012 FOMS.E+06 1.E+10 1.E+07 1. 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