PART4 Section 1: General Provisions CHAPTER 6 Piping Systems SECTION 1 General Provisions 1 General 1.1 Application The provisions of Part 4, Chapter 6, Section 1 (referred to as Section 4-6-1) apply to all piping systems. These include piping systems covered in Section 4-6-2 through Section 4-6-7, as well as to piping systems in Part 4, Chapter 7 “Fire Safety Systems”, and to piping systems of specialized types of vessels in the applicable sections of Part 5C. 1.3 Organization of Piping Systems Requirements 4-6-1/Figure 1 shows the organization of the provisions for piping systems. These requirements are divided into: FIGURE 1 Organization of the Provisions for Piping Systems PART 4 Chapter 6 PIPING SYSTEMS SPECIFIC SYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS i) Section 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS Section 4 SHIP PIPING SYSTEMS AND TANKS Section 5 PIPING SYSTEMS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Section 2 METALLIC PIPING Section 6 PIPING SYSTEMS FOR STEAM PLANTS Section 7 OTHER PIPING SYSTEMS Section 3 PLASTIC PIPING Chapter 7 FIRE SAFETY SYSTEMS PART 5 SPECIALIZED VESSELS General requirements, which include: • Definitions of terms used throughout these sections, certification requirements of system components and plans to be submitted for review; • Metallic piping design, pipe components, piping fabrication and testing and general shipboard installation details; • Plastic piping design, plastic pipe components, plastic piping fabrication and testing. ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . 2014 355 which include: • Bilges and gravity drains piping systems.7 Pipes Pipes are pressure-tight cylinders used to contain and convey fluids. 3. accumulators. 3 Definitions 3. • Piping systems relating to the operation of steam turbine and steam generating plants. such as boilers.5 in. JIS. 2014 . drain cocks and other similar components which perform the same function as valves are considered valves. Standard and extra heavy (extra strong) pipes. it means pipes conforming to materials and dimensions as indicated in Section 2-3-12. instruments connected to pipes. hoses. • Piping systems relating to the operation of internal combustion engines. 3. valves. 3. see 4-6-2/Table 8. 356 ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . • Fire extinguishing systems. etc. sight flow glasses. bends. 3. globe valves. tees.375 in. For a listing of commercial pipe sizes and wall thicknesses.. test cocks. flanges. BS. which are provided in Part 4.10. pressure vessels. • Other piping systems. etc. such as hydraulic piping system. etc. elbows. etc. up to maximum wall thicknesses of 9. fittings. and piping systems serving tanks (other than cargo tanks). butterfly valves. Section 2-3-13. 3. For the purpose of these Rules. which are used to control the flow of fluids in a piping system.. etc. designed and assembled to serve a specific purpose. • Cargo piping systems and other piping systems specific to specialized vessel types.. strainers.1 Piping The term Piping refers to assemblies of piping components and pipe supports.9 Pipe Schedule Pipe Schedules are designations of pipe wall thicknesses as given in American National Standard Institute. but exclude.11 Tubes Tubes are generally small-diameter thin-wall pipes conforming to an appropriate national standard.15 Valves The term Valve refers to gate valves. refer to Schedule 40 and Schedule 80. piping systems for storage. which are used to join together sections of pipe. transfer and processing of fuel oil and lubricating oil. oxygen-acetylene piping system.3 Piping System Piping System is a network of piping and any associated pumps. or equivalent national standards such as ASTM.Part Chapter Section 4 6 1 ii) Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 Specific systems requirements. gaskets. tanks.5 mm (0. Section 2-3-16 and Section 2-3-17.5 mm (0. Piping systems interface with. Where the word ‘pipe’ is used in this section. Tubes are to meet the same general requirements as pipes. flanges. 3. etc. major equipment. bolting. filters. ANSI B36. which are provided in various chapters in Part 5C. where used in these sections. respectively. turbines.) and 12. Chapter 7. tubes. expansion joints. DIN.5 Piping Components Piping Components include pipes. diesel engines. 3.).13 Pipe Fittings Pipe Fittings refer to piping components such as sleeves. It is not to be higher than the temperature of the piping component material at the most severe condition of temperature and coincidental pressure expected during service. design pressure and temperature. Aviation fuel.Part Chapter Section 4 6 1 Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 3. 3. in general. heavy fuel oil. the vessel or its cargoes. 3. 2014 357 . diesel fuel. are those possessing in their original state the property of being able through chemical action to cause damage by coming into contact with living tissues. it may be taken as the maximum fluid temperature. fabrication and testing. 3. It is not to be less than the temperature of the piping component material at the most severe condition of temperature and coincidental pressure expected during service. excluding seawater. liable to support a flame is to be treated as a flammable fluid for the purposes of Section 4-6-1 through Section 4-6-7. For the purposes of the Rules.21 Design Temperature The Design Temperature is the maximum temperature at which each piping component is designed to operate. as indicated in 4-6-1/Table 1. The maximum allowable working pressure is not to exceed the design pressure. For all piping. The requirements in this regard are given in Section 4-6-2 for metallic piping. ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . lubricating oil and hydraulic oil (unless the hydraulic oil is specifically specified as non-flammable) are all to be considered flammable fluids.27 Corrosive Fluids (2002) Corrosive fluids. the Rules do impose in some instances a specific minimum design pressure that exceeds the maximum expected service pressure. it may be taken as the minimum fluid temperature. see Section 4-6-3. 3. For plastic piping. by the weakest piping component in the system or by the relief valve setting.17 Design Pressure Design Pressure is the pressure to which each piping component of a piping system is designed. Each class has specific requirements for joint design. 3.19 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure The Maximum Allowable Working Pressure is the maximum pressure of a piping system determined.7 for heated fuel oil systems. the design temperature is to include also the minimum temperature at which each piping component is designed to operate. It is not to be less than the pressure at the most severe condition of coincidental internal or external pressure and temperature (maximum or minimum) expected during service. For piping used in a low-temperature application.25 Toxic Fluids (2002) Toxic fluids are those that are liable to cause death or severe injury or to harm human health if swallowed or inhaled or by skin contact. when escaped from their containment. the design temperature is to be used to determine allowable stresses and material testing requirements. see for example 4-6-4/13.23 Flammable Fluids Any fluid. regardless of its flash point. However. For purposes of the Rules. 5 Classes of Piping Systems Piping systems are divided into three classes according to service. 1.3.Part Chapter Section 4 6 1 Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 TABLE 1 Classes of Piping Systems (2013) Pressure Class I P2 Class II P1 Class III T1 Piping Class Piping System Corrosive fluids Toxic fluids Flammable liquids heated to above flash point or having flash point 60C or less Liquefied gas Steam Thermal oil Fuel oil Lubricating oil Flammable hydraulic oil Cargo oil piping in cargo area Other fluids (including water.see chart above bar. °C (°F) (kgf/cm2. exhaust gas lines. 232) 200 (392) Not applicable Not applicable All High pressure side Not applicable Low pressure side Notes: 358 1 The above requirements are not applicable to piping systems intended for liquefied gases in cargo and process areas.5) Not applicable See chart 60 (140) All 16 (16.5) (302) 7 (7. or protective location of piping etc. 3 Safeguards are measures undertaken to reduce leakage possibility and limiting its consequences. 101.3. °C (kgf/cm2.g. boilers escapes pipes) (2013) Fixed Oxygen-acetylene System Class I OR T T2 P P2 bar.) ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS .5) (338) 7 150 (7.1. 2014 . overflows. °C (kgf/cm2.1. 2 The above requirements are also not applicable to cargo piping systems of vessels carrying chemicals in bulk. air. 232) 150 (302) Not applicable 40 (40.3. gases.8. 232) (572) With special safeguards 16 (16. psi) (°F) Without special safeguards All With special safeguard Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Without special safeguards With special safeguards Open-ended piping Without special safeguards 16 300 (16..3. (e. psi) T2 Temperature Class II Bounded by Class I and Class III . 101. non-flammable hydraulic oil) Open ended pipes (drains. psi) (°F) Class III P P1 AND T T1 bar. 232) (572) 16 300 (16. 101. vents. 580) 300 (572) See chart See chart See chart Open-ended piping 7 170 (7. double wall piping or equivalent. and to report the results of tests so conducted. 6) Required Permanent III Not required Not required (5 . material identity. as applicable. See also 4-6-1/7. pressure rating. such as manufacturer’s name or trademark. or securely affixed by nameplate on the component.2.6) Required Permanent I. etc.3 and 4-6-1/7. 2014 359 .1. and testing in accordance with the standard of compliance at the manufacturer’s plant.1. 4-6-1/7. the piping component is to be certified by ABS. ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . as applicable. Such markings may be cast or forged integral with.1 ABS Certification Where indicated as ‘required’ in 4-6-1/Table 2. see 4-6-1/7. type inspection and testing are to be conducted as part of the design evaluation process. fabricated and tested. 7.Part Chapter Section 4 6 1 Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 7 Certification of Piping System Components 7. Where indicated as ‘temporary’. 4-6-1/7. Such components may also be accepted under the Type Approval Program.1. See 4-6-2/5. See 4-6-2/5. 6 Design of flexible hoses and mechanical pipe joints is to be approved in each case.1. 7. 7. II Not required Required (4) Required Permanent Required Permanent III Notes: (3) Not required Not applicable Not required (5) 1 See 4-6-1/7. respectively.. stamped on. 2 Except hydraulic piping. 7. For the latter purpose. 4-6-2/5 and 4-6-3/5.15. This involves design approval of the component. 5 Documentary proof of pressure/temperature rating is required.5.5. as required by the standard of compliance or the manufacturer’s specification. and.2 Design Approval Design approval is a part of the ABS certification process and where indicated as ‘required’ in 4-6-1/Table 2.3 Manufacturer’s Certification Where indicated as ‘required’ in 4-6-1/Table 2. the manufacturer is to certify that the piping component complies with the standard to which the component is designed. 3 Except for plastic piping. See Section 4-6-3.1.7 and 4-6-2/5. and are to serve as a permanent means of identification of the component throughout its service life. the pipe is to have identification for traceability during fabrication. the piping component is to bear permanent identification. or are to be design-approved by ABS.1.9. II Required (2) Not applicable (3) Required Temporary (3) (3) Required Temporary (3) Pipe fittings Valves III Not required I. II Not required Required (4. the piping components are to meet an applicable recognized standard. pipe fittings and valves are to be evaluated for their adequacy for the rated pressures and temperatures.1 Piping Components Piping components are to be certified in accordance with 4-6-1/Table 2 and the following. manufacturer’s trademark.1.4 Identification Where indicated as ‘permanent’ in 4-6-1/Table 2. as applicable.1. standard of compliance. pressure/temperature rating and material identification. For Class III components. 4 Where not in compliance with a recognized standard. stamped or cast on the component and verifiable against the manufacturer’s catalog or similar documentation will suffice.4.1. TABLE 2 Piping Classes and Certification Piping Component Class ABS Certification (1) Design Approval (1) Manufacturer’s Certification (1) Identification (1) Pipes I. 2).1 Pumps Requiring Certification The pumps listed below are to be certified by a Surveyor at the manufacturers’ plants: i) ii) iii) iv) 7. where P is the maximum working pressure of the pump.2 Pumps for all vessels (500 gross tonnage and over): • Fuel oil transfer pumps • Hydraulic pumps for steering gears (see also 4-3-4/19. vi) (2006) Cargo vapor compressors associated with liquefied gas carriers (high and low duty gas compressors). etc. • Bilge pumps • Ballast pumps Pumps associated with propulsion diesel engine and reduction gears (for engines with bores > 300 mm only): • Fuel oil service pumps.3. The pumps are to be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of at least 1.5). • Sea water and freshwater cooling pumps • Lubricating oil pumps Pumps associated with steam propulsion and reduction gears: • Fuel oil service pumps • Main condensate pumps • Main circulating pumps • Main feed pumps • Vacuum pumps for main condenser • Lubricating oil pumps Pumps associated with propulsion gas turbine and reduction gears: • Fuel oil service pumps • Lubricating oil pumps v) Cargo pumps associated with oil carriers. sprinkler systems (see 4-7-3/9. liquefied gas carriers and chemical carriers. In all cases. the test pressure on the suction side is to be at least 1. pumps for fixed water-based systems. etc.5Ps. If it is desired to conduct the hydrostatic test on the suction side of the pump independently from the test on the discharge side. including emergency fire pumps • (2011) Other fire fighting service pumps. controllable pitch propellers • Fire pumps.3).3. 7.11. local application fire-fighting systems (see 4-7-2/1. the test pressure for both the suction and the discharge side is not to be less than 4 bar.Part Chapter Section 7. where Ps is the maximum pressure available from the system at the suction inlet. vii) Pumps associated with inert gas systems: • Fuel oil pumps for boilers/inert gas generators • Cooling water pumps for flue gas scrubber Required Tests The following tests are to be carried out at the manufacturer’s plant in the presence of the Surveyor. anchor windlasses.3 4 6 1 Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 Pumps 7. or equivalent.3.5. 2014 . such as. booster pumps.2(a) Hydrostatic tests. deck foam systems.5P. 360 ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . In addition. The design is to be evaluated in accordance with 4-6-1/7. 7.3 Pumps (2014) As an alternative to certification specified in 4-6-1/7.Part Chapter Section 4 6 1 Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 7.3.1. Pumps that meet this requirement will be listed in the ABS Type Approval. quality control of the manufacturing processes is to cover all of the provisions of inspection and tests required by the Rules and applicable pipe standard. Capacity tests may be waived if previous satisfactory tests have been carried out on similar pumps.5. the manufacturer is to operate a quality assurance system that is certified for compliance with a recognized quality standard. Upon approval under 1-1-A3/5. To be considered for approval under this program.3 (RQS) or 1-1-A3/5. the manufacturer may request that ABS approve and list the component as a Design Approved Product described in 1-1-A3/5.5 (PQA) and listing under this program. To be design assessed under this program: i) The manufacturer may submit drawings and apply for a Product Design Assessment based on compliance with recognized standards as specified in 1-1-A3/5. the manufacturer is to provide documented attestation that the product will be manufactured to consistent quality and to the design and specifications to which it is approved. In this case. ii) A sample of the pump type is to be subjected to hydrostatic and capacity tests.5. the valve’s setting and full flow capacity corresponding to the pump maximum rating is to be verified. the manufacturer may request that ABS approve and list them under the Type Approval Program described in Appendix 1-1-A3. in addition to the design approval indicated above.1 of the Rules.2(c) Relief valve capacity test (2005).3. See 1-1-A3/5.3. Upon approval and listing. 2014 361 . For positive displacement pumps with an integrated relief valve. 7.5 (PQA). 7.5. the pump characteristic (headcapacity) design curve is to be verified to the satisfaction of the Surveyor.5 (PQA). Pump capacities are to be checked with the pump operating at design conditions (rated speed and pressure head).3.3.1 Pipes (2003) For pipes which are required to be ABS certified in accordance with 4-6-1/Table 2.2(b) Capacity tests. the manufacturer may request that ABS design assesses and list the pump under the Type Approval Program.5 Certification Based on the Type Approval Program 7. Pumps so assessed may be accepted by ABS for listing on ABS website in the Design Approved Products Index (DA).2. iii) The manufacturer is to operate a quality assurance system which is to be certified for compliance with a quality standard in accordance with 1-1-A3/5. The manufacturer may also request that the product be approved and listed under the Type Approval Program.2 and the manufacturer is to submit record of such tests to the local ABS office who will finalize the Unit Certification. the pipes will not be required to be surveyed and certified each time they are manufactured for use onboard a vessel. The quality control plan is to have provisions to subject each production unit of the pump to tests specified in 4-6-1/7. it will not be necessary to submit the design of the component for approval each time it is proposed for use onboard a vessel. The operational test for relief valve capacity may be waived if previous satisfactory tests have been carried out on similar pumps.2 Pipe Fittings and Valves (2003) For pipe fittings and valves which are not required to be certified but are required to be design approved in accordance with 4-6-1/Table 2. For centrifugal pumps. and relief valve capacity test specified in 4-6-1/7.5.1. in accordance with 1-1-A3/5.7. and subject to renewal and updating of the certificates as required by 1-1-A3/5. ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . 7.2 for mass-produced pumps.2.3 (RQS) or 1-1-A3/5. including storage tanks. materials. pipe joint details. drip trays and drains • Helicopter refueling system. 2014 . ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . overflow and sounding arrangements • Steam systems • Steam piping analyses (as applicable) • Tank venting and overflow systems • All Class I and Class II piping systems not covered above Contents of System Plans Piping system plans are to be diagrammatic and are to include the following information: • Types. typical details of such items as bulkhead. construction standards. including locations of fuel oil tanks • Booklet of standard details (see 4-6-1/9.1 System Plans The following plans are to be submitted for review: 9. as indicated in 4-6-1/9. incinerators and engines) • Fixed oxygen-acetylene system • Fuel oil systems.5) • Ballast system • Bilge and drainage systems • Boiler feed water and condensate systems • Compressed air system • Cooling water systems • Exhaust piping (for boilers. etc. deck and shell penetrations.5 362 • Propulsion machinery space arrangement.3 9. is to contain standard practices to be used in the construction of the vessel. and pressure and temperature ratings of piping components other than pipes • Materials. and wall thickness or schedule of pipes • Design pressure and design temperature. if desired.1. sizes. outside diameter or nominal pipe size.Part Chapter Section 4 6 1 Vessel Systems and Machinery Piping Systems General Provisions 4-6-1 9 Plans and Data to be Submitted 9. This information may be included in the system plans. fuel storage tank and its securing and bonding arrangements • Hydraulic and pneumatic systems • Lubricating oil systems • Sanitary system • Sea water systems • Vent. welding details. test pressure • Maximum pump pressures and/or relief valve settings • Flash point of flammable liquids • Instrumentation and control • Legend for symbols used Booklet of Standard Details The booklet of standard details.