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 DORLAND’SDICTIONARY of MEDICAL ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS This page intentionally left blank  DORLAND’S DICTIONARY of MEDICAL ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS edition 7 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 Dorland’s Dictionary Of Medical Acronyms & Abbreviations, ISBN: 978-0-323-34020-5 Seventh Edition  Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Previous editions copyrighted 2009, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1992, 1987 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Lexicographer/Content Strategist: Sean Webb Content Development Specialist: Gabriela Benner Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian Senior Project Manager: Carrie Stetz Design Direction: Paula Catalano Printed in the United States of America Last digit is the print number:  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1  Preface This seventh edition of Dorland’s Dictionary of Medical Acronyms & Abbreviations (formerly Jablonski’s) is the second edition to be published since the original author, Stanley Jablonski, passed away. The book has been very well received over the years, and the author’s enthusiasm and love of medical vocabulary, even vexingly obscure abbreviations, are evident in its pages. The task of maintaining this volume now remains with the developer of Dorland’s dictionaries, who is well aware of the tradition of excellence associated with this dictionary. Although responsibility for updating the dictionary has changed, the content remains the familiar, convenient resource that has served users well for more than two decades. The print book retains its format of boldface abbreviations followed by run-in meanings, which enables it to encompass as many entries as larger, more cumbersome books while remaining an easy-to-handle size. The list of symbols has been expanded for this edition. The listings for organizations have been updated: new ones have been added; name changes have been incor- porated; outdated names have been cross-referenced to new ones (or dropped, when thoroughly obsolete). The abbreviations and acronyms are presented alphabetically, and well over one thousand new additions and changes have been made. Also new to this edition is a section presenting acronyms and abbreviations that should not be used because they may be mistaken for other abbreviations or terms and carry with them a danger of being misconstrued. Explanations of the potential sources of confusion are also included. The new editor of Dorland’s Dictionary of Medical Acronyms & Abbreviations would like to express his appreciation for the work that has been handed down from the previous editors and Mr. Jablonski, and looks forward to continuing to maintain the book’s high standards going forward. Because new acronyms and abbreviations are constantly being coined, this volume can never really be complete. If you do not find an acronym or abbreviation, or a definition that you are searching for, we invite you to submit your suggestions for the next edition. You can do this by going to the Internet site http://www.DorlandsOnline.com and clicking on “Suggest a Term.” Just tell us that it is for Dorland’s Dictionary of Medical Acronyms & Abbreviations. You can be sure that your contributions will be much appreciated. SEAN WEBB, MFA Lexicographer/Content Strategist Acknowledgments The publisher thanks Stanley Jablonski for his dedication in developing this book and updating the early editions. We also thank the previous lexicographers, Douglas Anderson and Michelle Elliott, whose contributions to recent editions extended the high standards that Mr. Jablonski set. We are indebted to all of them for the rich trove of content that has enabled this new edition. v  Contents Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Abbreviations to Avoid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii A–Z Acronyms and Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 vi SYMBOLS The Greek Alphabet Capital Lower Case Letter Name Transcription A α alpha a B β beta b Γ γ gamma g Δ δ delta d E ε epsilon e Z ζ zeta z H η eta ē Θ θ theta th I ι iota i K κ kappa k Λ λ lambda l M µ mu m N ν nu n Ξ ξ xi x O ο omicron o П π pi p P ρ rho r Σ σ,ς sigma s T τ tau t Y υ upsilon y (sometimes u) Ф φ phi ph X χ chi ch (sometimes kh) ψ ψ psi ps Ω ω omega ō vii  viii Symbols Commonly Used in Pedigrees male adopted female half sibling sex unspecified mating or marriage stillbirth or abortion consanguinity no offspring illegitimate offspring affected offspring divorce proband, propositus, or index case multiple marriage heterozygotes for autosomal recessive dizygotic twins carrier of sex-linked monozygotic twins recessive number of children of death sex indicated Symbols Commonly Used in Physical Therapy Documentation B bilateral left C cue right D dependent S supervision handheld assist std w standard walker I independent wh w wheeled walker Mathematics and Statistics α probability of type I error e base of natural logarithms β probability of type II error F F statistic 1-β power (of a statistical test) f frequency, function χ2 chi-square H0 null hypothesis CovAB covariance of A and B H1 alternative hypothesis CV coefficient of variation Ha alternative hypothesis D nonparametric statistic ln natural logarithm d parametric statistic m median E expectancy µ population mean  ix N population size ÷, / divided by n sample size = equals ν degrees of freedom ~ approximately P probability ≅ congruent to, approximately equal to p probability that event will occur ≈ approximately equal to P(A) probability that event A will ≠ not equal to occur > greater than (on The Joint P(A\B) probability that, given event A, Commission “Do Not Use” event B will occur (conditional List) probability) ≥ greater than or equal to q probability that an alternative event will occur (equal to 1/p) ≯ not greater than r sample correlation coefficient < less than (on The Joint Commission “Do Not Use” R rate List) ρ population correlation ≤ less than or equal to coefficient ≮ not less than rs Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient ≡ identical to Σ summation square root s sample standard deviation 3 cube root s2 sample variance σ population standard deviation ! factorial σ2 population variance % per cent SD standard deviation ∞ infinity SE standard error  n  k  ,n CK binomial coefficient t (Student) t test variable x abscissa * estimate (biased), used over a symbol T sample mean |x| absolute value of x ∧ estimate (unbiased), used over symbol y ordinate ⊂ is a subset of + plus ⊃ contains as a subset – minus ⋂ (“cap’’) intersection ± plus or minus ⋃ (“cup’’) union × multiplied by, times  x Miscellaneous Symbols axilla (temperature) +++ increased axilla (temperature) moderately active hypodermic moderately severe ++++ large amount hypodermic pronounced reaction intramuscular severe intravenous ++/+ 2 plus on the right, 1 plus on left the left murmur 0/0 zero on either side (+) significant mouth – absent by mouth alkaline murmur decreased by mouth diminished oral minus rectal negative rectum (–) insignificant right ± plus or minus 0 absent positive or negative no response with or without + acid (±) possibly significant and 1× once increased ×2 twice plus 2× twice positive / divided by present of slight trace per ++ moderate ° degree normally active hour noticeable reaction 1° first degree trace one hour primary  xi 2° secondary ΔA change in absorbance second degree ΔpH change in pH two hours Δt time interval 3° tertiary ↗ deviated third degree displaced three hours increase 24° 24 hours increasing two ↑ elevated ′ foot gas minute increased univalent increasing ″ inch ⇈ extensor response, Babinski sign second testes undescended bivalent up : is to ↙ decrease ratio decreasing ∷ as (in ratios) ↓ decreased ∴ therefore decreasing # fracture deficiency gauge deficit has been done depressed has been given diminished number precipitate pounds ⇊ bilaterally descended @ at (on the JCAHO “Do Not Use” List) both down ∞ indefinitely more plantar response, Babinski sign infinite testes descended infinity down Δ change ↑V increase due to in vivo effect difference ↓V decrease due to in vivo effect Gibbs free energy increase due to chemical ↑C prism diopter interference during the assay  xii ↓C decrease due to chemical c check with interference during the assay φ none → causes systolic blood pressure distal diastolic blood pressure no change └ right lower quadrant right angle reaction proceeds to the right ┌ right upper quadrant results in ┐ left upper quadrant transfer to ┘ left lower quadrant yields ∠ angle ← caused by angle of entry derived from angle of exit is due to male reaction proceeds to the left ♂ male ⇄ reversible reaction ♀ female ? doubtful * birth equivocal not verified flicker presumed possible † dead questionable death unknown died || parallel ℞ recipe, take parallel bars ounce normal fluid ounce c with scruple s without minim ✓ check drachm, dram observe for fluidrachm, fluidram ✓’d checked  Abbreviations to Avoid The Joint Commission prohibits the use of these abbreviations on orders, handwritten documen- tation, or preprinted forms. U, u (unit) “U” can be mistaken for a “0” (zero), the number “4” (four), or “cc” (cubic centimeters); write out “unit” IU (International Unit) “IU” can be mistaken for “IV” (intravenous) or the number “10” (ten); write out “International Unit” Q.D., QD, q.d., qd (daily); They can be mistaken for each other or other Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d., qod abbreviations; write out “daily” and “every other day” (every other day) Zeros after decimals and lack The zeros might not be seen and therefore “1.0” can be of zeros before decimals mistaken for “10” or “.2” (0.2) can be mistaken for “2” (a trailing zero may be used when a value being reported needs to be precise) Medication abbreviations Abbreviations for “morphine sulfate” and “magnesium “MS,” “MSO4,” and sulfate” can be confused for one another; write out “MgSO4” “morphine sulfate” and “magnesium sulfate” The Joint Commission suggests that these abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols not be used. Less than (<) and greater than Can be confused for the number “7” or letter “L”; spell (>) symbols out terms Abbreviation of drug names Many abbreviations cause confusion between drugs, particularly when the same abbreviation is used for multiple drugs Apothecary units Not all health care providers use these units and they can be confused with metric units; use metric units instead @ (“at” symbol) @ can be confused with the number 2; write out “at” CC, cc Can be confused with the abbreviation for “units”; use “ml” or “milliliters” instead µg (micrograms) “µg” can be misread as “mg” (milligrams); use “mcg” or write out “micrograms” xiii  xiv The Institute for Safe Medication Practices suggests that these abbreviations not be used. AD, AS, AU (right ear, left Abbreviations for eyes and ears can be mistaken for each ear, both ears) other; write out the appropriate term OD, OS, OU (right eye, left eye, both eyes) BT (bedtime) Can be mistaken as BID (twice daily); write out “bedtime” D/C (discharge or discontinue) The intended meaning can be misconstrued causing unintended discontinuation of medication or unapproved discharge; write out “discharge” and “discontinue” IJ (injection) Can be mistaken for “IV” or intrajugular; write out “injection” IN (intranasal) Can be mistaken for “IM” or “IV”; write out “intranasal” or use the abbreviation “NAS” HS (half strength) They can be mistaken for each other; write out “half- hs (at bedtime, hours of sleep) strength” and “bedtime” o.d. or OD (once daily) Can be mistaken as “right eye” (OD-oculus dexter); write out “once daily” OJ (orange juice) Can be mistaken as OD or OS (right or left eye); write out “orange juice” per os (by mouth, orally) “os” can be mistaken as “left eye” (OS-oculus sinister); write out “by mouth” or “orally,” or use “PO” qhs (at bedtime) Can be mistaken as “qhr” or every hour; write out “at bedtime” qn (nightly) Can be mistaken as “qh” (every hour); write out “nightly” q1d (daily) Can be mistaken as “q.i.d.” (4 times daily); write out “daily” SC, SQ, subq (subcutaneous) SC be mistaken as SL (sublingual); SQ can be mistaken as “5 every”; the “q” in “sub q” can be mistaken as “every”; write out “subcut” or “subcutaneous” ss (sliding scale [insulin] or 1 Can be mistaken as “55”; write out “sliding scale,” or use 2 [apothecary]) “one-half” or “ 12 ” SSRI (sliding scale regular Can be mistaken as “selective-serotonin reuptake insulin) inhibitor”; write out “sliding scale (insulin)” SSI (sliding scale insulin) Can be mistaken as “strong solution of iodine” (Lugol’s); write out “strong solution of iodine” i/d (one daily) Can be mistaken as “tid”; write out “1 daily” TIW or tiw (3 times a week) Can be mistaken as “3 times a day” or “twice in a week”; write out “3 times weekly”  1 adherence; agranulocytic angina; alcohol A abuse; Alcoholics Anonymous; allergic alveo- litis; alopecia areata; alveolo-arterial; amino- acetone; amino acid; aminoacyl; amyloid A; anaplastic astrocytoma; antiarrhythmic agent; anticipatory avoidance; antigen aerosol; aortic A  abnormal; abortion; absolute tempera- amplitude; aortic aneurysm; aortic arch; aplas- ture; absorbance; acceptor; accommoda- tic anemia; arachidonic acid; ascending aorta; tion; acetone; acetum; achondroplasia; acid; atlantoaxial; atomic absorption; Australia anti- acidophil, acidophilic; acromion; actin; gen; autoanalyzer; automobile accident; axonal  Actinomyces; activity; adenine; adenoma; arborization adenosine; admittance; adrenalin; Adria- A&A  aid and attendance; awake and aware mycin; adult; age; akinetic; alanine; albino; A-a  alveolar-arterial; alveolar-atrial albumin; allergologist, allergy; alveolar gas; aA  abampere ambulation; ampere; amphetamine; ampicil- aa  amino acid; arteries lin; amplitude; anaphylaxis; androsterone; A A A  abdominal aortic aneurysm/aneurys- anesthetic; angstrom, Ångström unit; anode; mectomy; acne-associated arthritis; acquired Anopheles; antagonism; anterior; antibody; aplastic anemia; acute anxiety attack; antrectomy; apical; aqueous; area; argon; alacrima, achalasia, addisonianism [syn- artery; assist; atomic weight; atrium; atro- drome]; American Academy of Addictionol- pine; auricle; auscultation; axial; axilla, axil- ogy; American Academy of Allergy; lary; before [Lat. ante]; blood group A; ear American Ambulance Association; American [Lat. auris]; mass number; subspinale; total Association of Anatomists; androgenic ana- acidity; tumor limited to the bowel [Dukes bolic agent; aneurysm of ascending aorta; classification]; tumor limited to the mucosa; angiography of abdominal aorta; area agency uppercase Greek letter alpha; water [Lat. on aging; aromatic amino acid; arrest after aqua]; year [Lat. annum] arrival Å  Ångström unit A A A A  American Academy of Anesthesiol- Ã  antinuclear antibody; cumulated activity ogist Assistants A1  aortic first sound; prostatic tumor less A A A AI  American Academy of Allergy, than 5% Asthma & Immunology A1  aortic first sound A A A ASF  American Association for Ac- A-1, 2, 3, 4, 5  anterior cerebral artery seg- creditation of Ambulatory Surgical Facilities ments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 A A ACN  American Academy of Ambulato- AI, AII, AIII  angiotensin I, II, III ry Care Nursing A2  prostatic tumor more than 5% A A AD  aromatic amino acid decarboxylase A2  aortic second sound A A/AD  alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence a  absorptivity; acceleration; accommoda- A A AE  amino acid activating enzyme tion; acidity; activated; ampere; anode; ante- A A AHC  Accreditation Association for Am- rior; area; arterial; arterial blood; artery; bulatory Health Care atto-; autopsy; before [Lat. ante]; thermody- A A AHE  American Association for the Ad- namic activity; total acidity; water [Lat. vancement of Health Education aqua] A A AI  American Academy of Allergy and α  lowercase Greek letter alpha; angular ac- Immunology; Association for the Advance- celeration; first [chemical compounds]; opti- ment of Artificial Intelligence cal rotation; probability of type I error; A A ALAC  Association for Assessment and solubility coefficient Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care a-  atto- [10−18] [International] a  sample y intercept of straight line A A AM  Association for the Advancement of a  before [Lat. ante] Automotive Medicine 2A A  2-aminoanthracene A A ANA  American Academy of Ambula- A A  abampere; abdominal aorta; acetabular tory Nursing Administration anteversion; acetic acid; achievement age; A A AS  American Association for the Ad- active alcoholic; active assistive [range of vancement of Science motion]; active avoidance; acupuncture anal- A A ASPS  African-American Antiplatelet gesia; acute appendicitis; adenine arabinoside; Stroke Prevention Study adenylic acid; adjuvant arthritis; adrenal an- A A AV  avian adeno-associated virus drogen; adrenocortical autoantibody; African A AB  American Association of Bioanalysts; American; aggregated albumin; aggregative aminoazobenzene  2 A ABB  American Association of Blood A ADC  amino acid decarboxylase; L- Banks; axis-aligned bounding boxes aromatic amino acid decarboxylase A ABCC  alertness (consciousness), airway, A ADE  American Association of Dental Edi- breathing, circulation, cervical spine tors; American Association of Dental Exam- A ABH  Association for Ambulatory Behav- iners ioral Healthcare A ADGP  American Academy of Dental A ABS  automobile accident, broadside Group Practice A ABV  Ascogaster argentifrons bracovirus A ADH  alopecia, anosmia, deafness, hypo- A AC  abnormal anterior coaptation; antibiotic- gonadism [syndrome] associated [pseudomembranous] colitis; anti- A A-DHS  African American Diabetes Heart microbial agent–induced colitis; augmentative Study and alternative communication (A-a)DN2  alveolar-arterial nitrogen tension A ACA  acylaminocephalosporanic acid; difference American Association of Clinical Anatomists AaDNV  Aedes aegypti densovirus A ACAP  American Academy of Child and aADO2, (a-A) DO2  arterio-alveolar oxygen Adolescent Psychiatry tension difference A ACC  American Association for Clinical A ADP  amyloid A-degrading protease Chemistry A ADPA  American Academy of Dental A ACD  aging-associated cognitive decline; Practice Administration American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry A AE  active assistive exercise; acute allergic A ACE  acute acquired comitant esotropia; encephalitis; American Association of Endo- American Association of Clinical Endocri- dontists; annuloaortic ectasia nologists A AEE  American Association of Electromy- A ACEM  Association of Academic Chairs of ography and Electrodiagnosis Emergency Medicine A AEM  American Academy of Emergency A ACG  acute angle closure glaucoma Medicine; American Academy of Environ- A ACH  American Academy on Communica- mental Medicine; American Association of tion in Healthcare Electrodiagnostic Medicine A ACHP  American Association for Compre- A AEV  Aedes aegypti entomopoxvirus hensive Health Planning A A ex  active assistive exercise A ACIA  American Association for Clinical 2-A AF  N-2-fluorenylacetamide Immunology and Allergy A AF  acetylaminofluorine; aggregative ad- A ACN  American Association of Colleges of herence fimbriae; aortic arch flush; ascorbic Nursing; American Association of Critical- acid factor Care Nurses A AFP  American Academy of Family Physi- A ACOM  American Association of Colleges cians; American Academy of Family Practice of Osteopathic Medicine A AFPRS  American Academy of Facial A ACP  American Academy of Cerebral Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Palsy; American Association of Colleges of A AFT  amplitude-adjusted Fourier transform Pharmacy; American Association of Com- 17A AG  17-allylamino-17-demethoxygel- munity Psychiatrists danamycin A ACPDM  American Academy for Cerebral A AG  3-alkaladenine deoxyribonucleic acid Palsy and Developmental Medicine glycosylase; allergic angiitis and granuloma- A ACS  American Academy of Cosmetic Sur- tosis; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein; alveolar ar- gery terial gradient; autoantigen A ACSH  adrenal androgen corticotropic A AGL  American Academy of Gynecologic stimulating hormone Laparoscopists A ACT  American Academy of Clinical Toxi- A AGP  American Association for Geriatric cology Psychiatry A ACVPR  American Association of Cardio- A AH  Academy of Architecture for Health vascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation A AHA  American Academy of Hospital At- 7-A AD  7-amino-actinomycin D torneys; American Association of Homes for A AD  acute agitated delirium; acute aortic the Aging dissection; alcohol abuse or dependence; al- A AHC  American Accreditation Health- loxazine adenine dinucleotide; alpha1- Care Commission; American Association of antitrypsin deficiency; American Academy  Healthcare Consultants; Association of Aca- of Dermatology; antiarrhythmic drug; demic Health Centers antibiotic-associated diarrhea; aromatic acid A AHD  American Association of Hospital decarboxylase; average absolute deviation Dentists  3 A AHE  American Association for Health A AMN  American Assembly for Men in Education Nursing A AHFN  American Association of Heart A AMP  American Academy of Maxillofa- Failure Nurses cial Prosthetics A AHN  American Association for the His- A AMRS  automated ambulatory medical re- tory of Nursing cord system A AHP  American Association of Health A AMS  acute aseptic meningitis syndrome; Plans Association of Air Medical Services A AHPER  American Association for Health, A AMSE  American Association of Medical Physical Education, and Recreation Society Executives A AHRPP  Association for the Accreditation A AMSI  American Association for Medical of Human Research Protection Programs Systems and Informatics A AHS  American Association for Hand Sur- A AMT  American Association for Medical gery Transcription A AHSA  American Association of Homes A AMU  5-acetylamino-6-amino-methylura- and Services for the Aging cil A AHSL  Association of Academic Health A AN  AIDS-associated nephropathy; alpha- Sciences Libraries amino nitrogen; American Academy of Neu- A AHSLD  Association of Academic Health rology; American Academy of Nursing; Sciences Library Directors American Academy of Nutrition; American A AI  activator adjusting instrument; acute Association of Neuropathologists; amino alveolar injury; Adolescent Alienation Index; acid nitrogen; analgesic-associated nephrop- American Association of Immunologists; athy; Associate of Arts in Nursing; attend- atrial inhibited [pacemaker] ing’s admission notes A AIB  alpha1-aminoisobutyrate A ANA  American Association of Nurse A AID  American Academy of Implant Anesthetists Dentistry A ANCP  American Association of Nurse A AIDD  American Association on Intellec- Life Care Planners tual and Developmental Disabilities A ANE  American Association of Nurse Ex- A AK  allo-activated killer ecutives A AKP  American Association of Kidney Pa- A ANEM  American Association of Neuro- tients muscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine A AL  ambient air level; anterior axillary A ANM  American Association of Nurse- line Midwives A ALAS  American Association for Labora- A ANN  American Association of Neurosci- tory Animal Science ence Nurses A ALib  amino acid library A ANP  American Academy of Nurse Practi- A ALNA  American Assisted Living Nurses tioners; American Association of Naturo- Association pathic Physicians; American Association of A ALNC  American Association of Legal Neuropathologists; American Association of Nurse Consultants Nurse Practitioners A AM  acute aseptic meningitis; American A AO  American Academy of Ophthalmolo- Academy of Microbiology; amino acid mix- gy; American Academy of Optometry; Amer- ture ican Academy of Osteopathy; American A Am  acrylamide Academy of Otolaryngology; American As- A AMA  American Academy of Medical Ad- sociation of Ophthalmologists; American As- ministrators; American Association of Medi- sociation of Orthodontists; amino acid cal Assistants oxidase; ascending aorta; awake, alert, and A AMC  Association of American Medical oriented Colleges A Ao  ascending aorta A AMCN  American Association of Man- A-a O2  alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient; aged Care Nurses alveolar-arterial oxygen tension A AMD  American Academy of Medical Di- A AOC  antacid of choice rectors A AOHN  American Association of Occupa- A AME  acetylarginine methyl ester tional Health Nurses A AMFT  American Association for Marriage A AO-HNS  American Academy of Otolaryn­ and Family Therapy gology–Head and Neck Surgery A AMI  Association for the Advancement of A AOM  American Academy of Oral Med- Medical Instrumentation icine  4 A AOMP  American Academy of Oral and A APMC  antibiotic-associated pseudomem- Maxillofacial Pathology branous colitis A AOMR  American Academy of Oral and A APM&R  American Academy of Physical Maxillofacial Radiology Medicine and Rehabilitation A AOMS  American Association of Oral and AaPO2, (A-a) PO2  alveolar-arterial oxygen Maxillofacial Surgeons tension difference A AOO  American Academy of Ophthalmol- A APP  American Academy of Physician and ogy and Otolaryngology Patient A AOP  American Academy of Oral Pa- A APPO  American Association of Preferred thology Provider Organizations A AOS  American Academy of Orthopaedic A APS  American Academy of Phalloplasty Surgeons; American Association of Osteo- Surgeons; American Association of Pharma- pathic Specialists; American Association of ceutical Scientists; American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons Plastic Surgeons; Arizona Articulation Profi- A AP  acute abdominal pain; acute appendi- ciency Scale; Association of American Phy- citis; air at atmospheric pressure; American sicians and Surgeons Academy of Pediatrics; American Academy A APT  Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial of Pedodontics; American Academy of  A AR  active avoidance reaction; acute ar- Periodontology; American Academy of Psy- ticular rheumatism; antigen-antiglobulin re- choanalysis; American Academy of Psy­ action choanalysts; American Academy of aar  against all risks Psychotherapists; American Association of A ARC  American Association for Respira- Pathologists; Association for the Advance- tory Care ment of Psychoanalysis; Association for the A ARE  automobile accident, rear end Advancement of Psychotherapy; Association A ARIF  arthroscopically assisted reduction of Academic Physiatrists; Association of and internal fixation American Physicians A ARNet  Australian Academic and Re- A APA  American Academy of Physician As- search Network sistants; American Association of Patholo- A AROM  active assertive range of motion; gists’ Assistants active-assisted range of motion A APB  American Association of Patholo- A ARP  American Association of Retired gists and Bacteriologists; Association for Ap- Persons plied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback A ART  American Association for Rehabilita- A APBD  anomalous arrangement of the pan- tion Therapy creaticobiliary duct A AS  Aarskog-Scott [syndrome]; abuse as- A APC  American Academy of Professional sessment screening; acid aspiration syndrome; Coders; antibiotic-associated pseudomem- acute abdominal series; alcoholic abstinence branous colitis; average annual percent syndrome; American Academy of Sanitarians; change American Analgesia Society; aneurysm of A APCC  adjusted annual per capita cost; ad- atrial septum; anthrax antiserum; aortic arch justed average per capita costs; American syndrome; Associate of Applied Science; Association of Poison Control Centers atomic absorption spectrophotometry AaPCO2, (A-a)PCO2  alveolar-arterial car- A ASCIN  American Association of Spinal bon dioxide tension difference Cord Injury Nurses A APD  American Academy of Pediatric A ASD  American Academy of Stress Dis- Dentistry orders A APF  antiarteriosclerosis polysaccharide aa seq  amino acid sequence factor A ASH  adrenal androgen stimulating hor- A APH  2,2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) hy- mone; American Association for the Study of drochloride Headache A APHD  American Association of Public A ASK  African American Study of Kidney Health Dentistry Disease and Hypertension Pilot Study A APHP  American Association of Public A ASLD  American Association for the Study Health Physicians of Liver Diseases A APL  American Academy of Psychiatry A ASP  acute atrophic spinal paralysis; and the Law American Association of Senior Physicians; A APM  American Association of Physicists ascending aorta synchronized pulsation in Medicine; American Academy of Pain A ASS  American Association for Social Se- Medicine curity  5 A AST  American Association for the Surgery ABBQ  AIDS Beliefs and Behavior Ques- of Trauma tionnaire A AT  Aachen Aphasia Test; academic apti- abbr  abbreviated tude test; Accolate Asthma Trial; alanine ABC  abacavir; absolute basophil count; abso- aminotransferase; alkylating agent therapy; lute bone conduction; acalculous biliary colic; alpha-1-antitrypsin; atrial triggered [pace- acid balance control; aconite-belladonna-  maker]; auditory apperception test; automat- chloroform; adenosine triphosphate binding ic atrial tachycardia cassette; airway, breathing, and circulation; A1AT  α1-antitrypsin alignment, blue, calcium [synovial fluid pearls α1AT  α1-antitrypsin in gout and pseudogout]; Alpha Beta Canadi- A ATB  American Association of Tissue an [trial]; alternative birth center; alum, blood, Banks and charcoal [purification and deodorizing A ATP  American Association for Technolo- method]; alum, blood, and clay [sludge de- gy in Psychiatry odorizing method]; American Blood Commis- A ATS  American Association for Thoracic sion; aneurysmal bone cyst; antigen-binding Surgery capacity; antigen-binding cell; apnea, brady- A AU  acute anterior uveitis cardia, cyanosis; aspiration biopsy cytology; A AUT  actual amount of use test assessment of basic competency; atomic,  A AV  adeno-associated virus biological, and chemical [warfare]; autism  AaV  Acherontia atropas virus; Allomyces behavior checklist; avidin-biotin complex, arbuscula virus avidin-biotin peroxidase complex; axiobuc- A AVMC  Association of American Veteri- cocervical nary Medical Colleges A&BC  air and bone conduction A AVP  American Association of Veterinary ABCA1  adenosine triphosphate–binding Parasitologists cassette A1 A AW  anterior aortic wall ABCC  Atomic Bomb Casualty Commis- 3AB  3-aminobenzamide sion AB  abdominal; able body; abnormal; abor- ABCD  airway, breathing, circulation, differ- tion; Ace bandage; active bilaterally; aid to ential diagnosis (or defibrillate) [in CPR]; the blind; airbag; alcian blue; alertness be- amphotericin B colloidal dispersion; appro- havior; antibiotic; antibody; antigen binding; priate blood pressure control in diabetes; apex beat; asbestos body; asthmatic bronchi- asymmetry, borders are irregular, color var- tis; axiobuccal; Bachelor of Arts [Lat. Artium iegated, diameter >6 mm [biopsy in mela- Baccalaureus]; blood group AB noma] A/B  acid/base ratio ABCDE  airway, breathing, circulation, dis- A&B  apnea and bradycardia ability, exposure [in trauma patients]; botuli- A>B  air greater than bone [conduction] num pentavalent toxoid A-β  amyloid beta ABCDES  abnormal alignment, bones- Ab  abortion; antibiotic; antibody periarticular osteoporosis, cartilage-joint space Ab  amount in body loss, deformities, marginal erosions, soft tis- aB  azure B sue swelling [radiographic features]; adjust ab  aberration; abortion; antibody; from medication, bacterial prophylaxis, cervical [Lat.] spine disease, deep vein thrombosis prophy- ABA  abscissic acid; allergic bronchopulmo- laxis, evaluate extent and activity of disease, nary aspergillosis; American Board of Anes- stress-dose steroid coverage [preoperative thesiology; American Burn Association; evaluation]; alignment, bone mineralization, antibacterial activity; arrest before arrival; calcifications, distribution of joints, erosions, autonomic blocking agent soft tissue, and nails [radiographic features]; ABACAS  Adjunctive Balloon Angioplasty ankylosis, bone osteoporosis, cartilage de- Following Coronary Atherectomy Study struction, deformity of joints, erosions, ABAI  American Board of Allergy and Im- swelling of soft tissues [radiographic fea- munology tures] AB/AM  antibiotic/antimycotic ABCIC  airway, breathing, circulation, intra- ABAT  American Board of Applied Toxi- venous crystalloid cology ABCIL  antibody-mediated cell-dependent ABAV  Abadina virus immunolympholysis ABB  Albright-Butler-Bloomberg [syndrome]; ABC-M  chemical-biological aircraft mask American Board of Bioanalysis ABCN  American Board of Clinical Neuro- ABBI  advanced breast biopsy instrument psychology  6 ABCRS  American Board of Colon and Rec- ABM  abamectin; adjusted body mass; alve- tal Surgery olar basement membrane; attentional bias ABCs  active bacterial core surveillance modification; autologous bone marrow [system] aBMD  areal bone mineral density ABD  abdomen; aged, blind, and disabled; ABMG  American Board of Medical Ge- aggressive behavioral disturbance; American netics Board of Dermatology; aortic barodenervat- ABMI  autologous bone marrow infusion ed [rat]; automatic border detection; auto- AbMLV  Abelson murine leukemia virus matic boundary detection; average body dose ABMM  American Board of Medical Man- Abd, abd  abdomen, abdominal; abduct, agement abduction, abductor ABMS  American Board of Medical Spe- abdom  abdomen, abdominal cialties ABDPH  American Board of Dental Public ABMT  American Board of Medical Toxi­ Health cology; autologous bone marrow transplanta- ABE  acute bacterial endocarditis; American tion Board of Endodontics; botulism equine triva- ABMV  Above Maiden virus; Abu Mina lent antitoxin virus ABEM  American Board of Emergency AbMV  Abutilon mosaic virus Medicine AbN  antibody nitrogen ABEPP  American Board of Examiners in Abn, abn  abnormal, abnormality(ies) Professional Psychology ABNM  American Board of Neurophysio- ABER  abducted and externally rotated; ab- logic Monitoring; American Board of Nucle- duction and external rotation; auditory brain- ar Medicine stem evoked response ABNMP  alpha-benzyl-N-methyl phenethyl- aber  aberrant amine ABF  aortic blood flow; aortobifemoral ABNO  anatomic abnormality ABFP  American Board of Family Physi- abnor  abnormal cians; American Board of Family Practice; ABNS  American Board of Neurologic American Board of Forensic Psychiatry; Surgery; American Board of Nursing Spe- American Board of Forensic Psychology cialties ABG  arterial blood gas; axiobuccogingival ABO  abortion; absent bed occupancy; ABGC  American Board of Genetic Coun- American Board of Orthodontists; blood seling group system consisting of groups A, AB, B, ABHM  Association of Behavioral Health- and O care Management ABODM  American Board of Disaster ABHW  Association for Behavioral Health Medicine and Wellness ABOG  American Board of Obstetrics and ABI  Adaptive Behavior Inventory; ankle/ Gynecology brachial index; atherothrombotic brain in- ABOHN  American Board of Occupational farct; auditory brainstem implant Health Nurses ABIC  Adaptive Behavior Inventory for Chil- ABOMP  American Board of Oral and Max- dren; antibody excess immune complex illofacial Pathology ABIM  American Board of Internal Medicine ABOMS  American Board of Oral and Max- ABIMCE  American Board of Internal Medi- illofacial Surgery cine certifying examination ABOP  American Board of Oral Pathology ABIT  assertive behavior inventory tool Abor, abor  abortion ABK  aphakic bullous keratopathy ABOS  American Board of Orthopaedic Sur- ABL  Abelson protooncogene; abetalipopro- gery teinemia; acceptable blood loss; acute baso- ABOto  American Board of Otolaryngology philic leukemia; African Burkitt lymphoma; ABOVE  Acute Bleeding Oesophageal Vari- allograft-bound lymphocyte; angioblastic ceal Episodes [study] lymphadenopathy; antigen-binding lympho- ABP  actin-binding protein; acute biliary cyte; Army Biological Laboratory; automat- pancreatitis; ambulatory blood pressure; ed biological laboratory; axiobuccolingual American Board of Pathology; American Abl  ablation Board of Pediatrics; American Board of Pe- ABLB  alternate binaural loudness balance dodontics; American Board of Periodontol- ABLC  amphotericin B lipid complex ogy; American Board of Prosthodontists; ABLES  Adult Blood Lead Epidemiology and aminobiphenyl; androgen-binding protein; Surveillance antigen-binding protein; arterial blood   7 pressure; automatic systolic blood pressure ABV  actinomycin D–bleomycin-vincristine; measurement; avidin-biotin peroxidase Agaricus bisporus virus; Aglaonema bacilli- aBP  arterial blood pressure form virus; Aransas Bay virus; arthropod- ABPA  actin-binding protein, autosomal borne virus form; allergic bronchopulmonary aspergil- AbV  Agaricus bisporus virus losis ABVD  Adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, ABPANC  American Board of Perianesthe- and dacarbazine sia Nursing Certification ABW  actual body weight; adjusted body ABPC  ampicillin; antibody-producing cell weight; average body weight ABPE  acute bovine pulmonary edema ABX  abciximab; antibiotics ABPM  ambulatory blood pressure monitor- ABY  acid bismuth yeast [medium] ing; American Board of Preventive Medicine AbYV  Abutilon yellow virus ABPMR  American Board of Physical Medi- 5-AC  azacitidine cine and Rehabilitation AC  abdominal circumference; abdominal ABPN  American Board of Psychiatry and compression; ablation catheter; abrupt clo- Neurology sure; absorption coefficient; abuse case; ac- ABPS  American Board of Physician Spe- etate; acetylcholine; acidified complement; cialties; American Board of Plastic Surgery; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus; acromioclavic- American Board of Podiatric Surgery ular; activated charcoal; acupuncture clinic; ABQ  attitude behavior questionnaire acute; acute cholecystitis; adenocarcinoma; ABR  abortus Bang ring [test]; absolute bed adenylate cyclase; adherent cell; adrenal cor- rest; American Board of Radiology; arterial tex; adrenocorticoid; Adriamycin/cyclophos- baroreflex; auditory brainstem response phamide; air chamber; air conditioning; air ABr  agglutination test for brucellosis conduction; airway collapse; alcoholic cir- Abr, Abras  abrasion rhosis; alternating current; alveolar crest; ABRV  Abras virus; Arbroath virus ambulatory care; anesthesia circuit; angiocel- ABS  abdominal surgery; acidic ammonium lular; anodal closure; antecubital; anterior bisulfate; acute brain syndrome; adaptive be- chamber; anterior column; anterior commis- havior scale; admitting blood sugar; adult sure; antibiotic concentrate; anticholinergic; bovine serum; aging brain syndrome; alkyl- anticoagulant; anticomplement; antiphlogis- benzene sulfonate; aloin, belladonna, strych- tic corticoid; aortic closure; aortic compli- nine; American Board of Surgery; amniotic ance; aortocoronary; arm circumference; band sequence; amniotic band syndrome; ascending colon; assist control [ventilation]; anti-B serum; Antley-Bixler syndrome; arte- atriocarotid; autocorrelation; axiocervical; rial blood sample; at bedside; Australian Bu- hydrogen cyanide reau of Statistics A-C  acromioclavicular; adult versus child; Abs  absorption aortocoronary bypass abs  absent; absolute A/C  albumin/coagulin ratio; anterior cham- AB-SA AP  autologous blood selective aortic ber of eye; assist control [ventilation] arch perfusion A2C  apical two-chamber [view] absc  abscess; abscissa A4C  apical four-chamber [view] abs conf  absolute configuration Ac  accelerator; acetate; acetyl; actinium; an- ABSe  ascending bladder septum ticoagulant, anticoagulation; aortic closure; abs feb  while fever is absent [Lat. absente arabinosyl cytosine febre] aC  abcoulomb; arabinosyl cytosine ABSITE  American Board of Surgery In- ac  acceleration; acetyl; acid; acromiocla- Training Examination vicular; acute; alternating current; antecubi- absorp  absorption tal; anterior chamber; atrial contraction; AbSR  abnormal skin reflex axiocervical ABSSSI  acute bacterial skin and skin struc- a.c.  before meals [Lat. ante cibum] ture infections ACA  abnormal coronary artery; acroderma- abst, abstr  abstract titis chronica atrophicans; acute cerebellar ABSV  Absettarov virus ataxia; adenocarcinoma; adult child of an ABT  abstract behavioral type; autologous alcoholic; Affordable Care Act; American blood transfusion; lopinavir Chiropractic Association; American Col- abt  about lege of Allergists; American College of ABTS  American Board of Thoracic Surgery Anesthesiologists; American College of An- ABU  American Board of Urology; asymp- giology; American College of Apothecaries; tomatic bacteriuria American Council on Alcoholism; American  8 Counseling Association; aminocephalospo- mycin C; acute care center; adenoid cystic ranic acid; ammonia, copper, and acetate; carcinoma; administrative control center; ad- amyotrophic choreoacanthocytosis; aniso- renocortical carcinoma; agenesis of corpus tropic conductive adhesive; anterior cerebral callosum; alveolar cell carcinoma; ambula- artery; anterior communicating aneurysm/ tory care center; American College of Cardi- artery; anticapsular antibody; anticardiolipin ology; anodal closure contraction; anterior antibody; anticentromere antibody; anticol- cingulate cortex; antitoxin-containing cell; lagen antibody; anticomplement activity; aplasia cutis congenita; articular chondrocal- anticytoplasmic antibody; arrhythmic car- cinosis; automated cell count; automated cell diac arrest; automatic chemical agent alarm; counter Automatic Clinical Analyzer Acc  acceleration; adenoid cystic carcinoma AC/A  accommodative convergence/accom- acc  acceleration, accelerator; accident; ac- modation ratio commodation ACA AI  American College of Allergy, Asth- ACCA  Advisory Committee on Casualty ma, and Immunology Assessment; American College of Cardio- ACAC  acetyl-coenzyme A cocarboxylase; vascular Administrators activated charcoal; artificial cell ACC/AHA  American College of Cardiolo- ACACN  American Council of Applied Clin- gy/American Heart Association [Task Force] ical Nutrition ACCE  American College of Clinical Engi- ACACT  acyl–coenzyme A: cholesterol acyl- neering transferase ACCEPT  Accupril Canadian Clinical Evalu- ACAD  asymptomatic coronary artery disease; ation and Patient Teaching; American  atherosclerotic carotid artery disease; Azithro- College of Cardiology Electrocardiogram mycin in Coronary Artery Disease [study] Proficiency Test; American College of Cardi- Acad  academy ology Evaluation of Preventive Therapies ACADA  automatic chemical agent detector [study] alarm ACCESS  A Comparison of Percutaneous ACADEMIC  Azithromycin in Coronary Ar- Entry Sites for Coronary Angioplasty; Acute tery Disease Elimination of Myocardial In- Candesartan Cilexetil Evaluation in Stroke fection with Chlamydia [study] Survivors; Ambulatory Care Clinic Effec- A-CAH  autoimmune chronic active hepa- tiveness Systems Study; Atorvastatin Com- titis parative Cholesterol Efficacy and Safety ACAM  American College for Advancement Study; automated cervical cell screening sys- in Medicine tem ACAO  acyl–coenzyme A oxidase ACCH  Association for the Care of Chil- ACAPS  Asymptomatic Coronary Artery dren’s Health Plaque Study; Asymptomatic Coronary Ar- AcCh  acetylcholine tery Progression Study AcChR  acetylcholine receptor ACAS  adaptive cluster analysis system; AcCHS  acetylcholinesterase Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study accid  accident, accidental ACASI  audio computer-assisted self-inter- acc insuff  accommodation insufficiency view ACCL, Accl  anodal closure clonus ACAT  acetyl–coenzyme A acetyltransfer- ACCME  Accreditation Council for Continu- ase; automated computerized axial tomogra- ing Medical Education phy ACCN  accession number ACAV  Acara virus; American Committee AcCoA  acetyl–coenzyme A on Arthropod-Borne Viruses accom  accommodation ACB  antibody-coated bacteria; aortocoro- ACCP  Alliance for Cervical Cancer Preven- nary bypass; arterialized capillary blood;  tion; American College of Chest Physicians; asymptomatic carotid bruit American College of Clinical Pharmacology; ACBaE  air contrast barium enema American College of Clinical Pharmacy ACBC   1-amino-1-cyclobutanecarboxylic AcCPV  Arctia caja cypovirus acid ACCR  amylase-creatinine clearance ratio AC/BC  air conduction/bone conduction ACCS  American-Canadian Cooperative ACBE  air contrast barium enema Study ACBG  aortocoronary bypass graft ACCT  Amlodipine Cardiovascular Commu- ACBS  Asymptomatic Cervical Bruit Study nity Trial; aortic cross-clamp time ACC  accommodation; acetyl–coenzyme A accum  accumulation carboxylase; acinic cell carcinoma; actino- accur  accurately  9 ACD  absolute cardiac dullness; absolute conductive film; anterior cervical fusion; an- claudication distance; acid-citrate-dextrose terior cranial fossa; area correction factor; [solution]; actinomycin D; active compres- asymmetric crying facies; autocorrelation sion-decompression; adult celiac disease; function advanced care directive; allergic contact ACf  autocorrelation function dermatitis; alopecia, contractures, dwarf- ACFAOM  American College of Foot and ism, mental retardation [syndrome]; Ameri- Ankle Orthopedics and Medicine can College of Dentists; ammonium citrate ACFAS  American College of Foot and dextrose; anemia of chronic disease; angio- Ankle Surgeons keratoma corporis diffusum; annihilation co- ACG  accelerator globulin; adjusted clinical incidence detection; anterior chamber depth; group; alternative care grant; ambulatory anterior chest diameter; anticoagulant citrate care group; American College of Gastroen- dextrose; anticonvulsant drug; area of cardiac terology; angiocardiogram, angiocardiogra- dullness; Available Chemicals Directory phy; aortocoronary graft; apexcardiogram AcDB  A Caenorhabditis elegans Database AC-G, AcG, ac-g  accelerator globulin [gene expression] ACGIH  American Conference of Govern- AC-DC, ac/dc  alternating current/direct mental Industrial Hygienists current ACGME  Accreditation Council for Gradu- ACD-CPR  active compression-decompres- ate Medical Education sion cardiopulmonary resuscitation ACGP  American College of General Practi- ACD-PCR  active compression-decompres- tioners sion postcompression remodeling ACGPOMS  American College of General ACDV  Acado virus Practitioners in Osteopathic Medicine and ACE  acetonitrile; acetylcholine esterase; Surgery acute cerebral encephalopathy; acute coro- ACGT  antibody-coated grid technique nary event; adrenocortical extract; Adverse ACH  acetylcholine; achalasia; active chron- Childhood Experience [study]; alcohol, chlo- ic hepatitis; adrenocortical hormone; air roform, and ether; analytic continuum elec- change per hour; amyotrophic cerebellar hy- trostatics; angiotensin-converting enzyme; poplasia; arm girth, chest depth, and hip annealed competition of experts [algorithm]; width [index] Aspirin and Carotid Endarterectomy [trial] ACh  acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase ace  acentric; acetone ACHA  American College Health Associa- ACED  anhidrotic congenital ectodermal tion; American College of Hospital Adminis- dysplasia trators AceDB  A Caenorhabditis elegans Database AChA  anterior choroidal artery [gene expression] ACHD  atherosclerotic coronary heart disease ACEDS  angiotensin-converting enzyme dys- ACHE  American College of Healthcare Ex- function syndrome ecutives; American Council for Headache ACEH  acid cholesterol ester hydrolase Education ACEI  angiotensin-converting enzyme in- AChE  acetylcholinesterase hibitor ACHIEVE  Accupril Congestive Heart Fail- ACEIT  applied current electrical impedance ure Investigation and Economic Variable tomography Evaluation ACEP  American College of Emergency ACHOO  autosomal dominant compelling Physicians helioophthalmic outburst [syndrome] ACES  Alternans Cardiac Electrical Safety ACHPER  Australian Council for Health, [study]; Azithromycin and Coronary Events Physical Education, and Recreation [survey] Study ACHPR  Agency for Health Care Policy and AcEst  acetyl esterase Research ACET  Advisory Committee for the Elimina- ACHR  Advisory Committee on Health Re- tion of Tuberculosis; Azmacort Cost Effec- search tiveness Trial AChR  acetylcholine receptor ACET, acet  acetone; vinegar [Lat. acetum] AChRAb  acetylcholine receptor antibody acetab  acetabular, acetabulum AChRP  acetylcholine receptor protein acetyl-CoA  acetyl–coenzyme A ACHS  Australian Council on Healthcare ACEV  Anomala cuprea entomopoxvirus Standards ACF  accessory clinical findings; active case AcHV  acciptrid herpesvirus finding; acute care facility; advanced com- ACI  acceleration index; acoustic comfort munication function or facility; anisotropic index; acute cardiac ischemia; acute coronary  10 infarction; acute coronary insufficiency; ad- myosin; Arnold-Chiari malformation; asbestos- enylate cyclase inhibitor; adrenocortical in- containing material; Association for Com- sufficiency; anticlonus index puting Machinery; automated cardiac flow ACID  Arithmetic, Coding, Information, and measurement Digit Span [ACID subtests] ACMC  Association of Canadian Medical ACIF  acute care index of functions; anterior Colleges cervical interbody fusion; anticomplement ACMD  associate chief medical director immunofluorescence ACME  Accreditation Commission for Mid- AciHV  Acipenserin herpesvirus wifery Education; Advisory Council on Med- AcINH  acid labile isonicotinic acid hydra- ical Education; Angioplasty Compared to zide Medicine [study]; assessing changes in med- ACIP  acute canine idiopathic polyneuropa- ical education; Automated Classification of thy; Advisory Committee on Immunization Medical Entities Practices; ambulatory care incentive pay- ACMF  arachnoid cyst of the middle fossa ment; Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischemia Pilot ACMG  American College of Medical Ge- Study netics ACIR  Australian Clinical Immunisation ACMHV  avian carcinoma Mill Hill virus Register; Automotive Crash Injury Research ACMI  age-consistent memory impairment; ACIS  ambulatory care information system; American College of Medical Informatics automated clinical information system ACML  atypical chronic myeloid leukemia ACIT  Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischemia Trial AcMNPV  Autographa californica multi- ACI-TIPI  acute cardiac ischemia–time in- capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus sensitive predictive instrument ACMP  alveolar-capillary membrane perme- ACJ  acromioclavicular joint ability AcK  francium [actinium K] ACMR  Advisory Committee on Medical ACKD  acquired cystic kidney disease Research ACL  access control list; Achievement Check ACMS  American Chinese Medical Society List; acromegaloid features, cutis verticis gy- ACMT  artificial circus movement tachy- rata, corneal leukoma [syndrome]; American cardia cutaneous leishmaniasis; anterior chamber ACMV  assist-control mechanical ventila- lens; anterior cruciate ligament; Association tion for Computational Linguistics ACN  acute conditioned neurosis; Ambula- ACl  aspiryl chloride tory Care Network; American College of aCL  anticardiolipin [antibody] Neuropsychiatrists; American College of ACLA  American Clinical Laboratory Asso- Nurse-Midwives; American College of Nu- ciation trition; Association of Camp Nurses ACLC  Assessment of Children’s Language ACNM  American College of Nuclear Comprehension Medicine; American College of Nurse- ACLD  Association for Children with Learn- Midwives ing Disabilities ACNN  Association of Child Neurology ACLE  acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus Nurses ACLF  adult congregate living facility ACNP  acute care nurse practitioner; Ameri- ACLI  American Council on Life Insurance; can College of Nuclear Physicians American Council of Life Insurers ACO  accountable care organization; acute ACLM  American College of Legal Medi- coronary occlusion; alert, cooperative, and cine oriented; anodal closure odor ACLPS  Academy of Clinical Laboratory ACOA  adult child of an alcoholic Physicians and Scientists ACoA  anterior communicating artery ACLR  anterior capsulolabral reconstruction ACODENIC  Advisory Committee on Den- ACLS  acrocallosal syndrome; advanced car- tal Electronic Nomenclature, Indexing, and diac life support; Assessment of Children’s Classification Language Comprehension ACOEM  American College of Occupational AcLV  avian acute leukemia virus and Environmental Medicine ACM  access control matrix; acetamino- ACOEP  American College of Osteopathic phen; acute cerebrospinal meningitis; adap- Emergency Physicians tive fuzzy C-means algorithm; Adriamycin, ACOEV  Araphia conspersa entomopoxvi- cyclophosphamide, methotrexate; albumin- rus calcium-magnesium; alcoholic cardiomyopa- ACOFP  American College of Osteopathic thy; alveolar capillary membrane; anticardiac Family Physicians  11 ACOG  American College of Obstetricians chronic ratio; adenomatosis of colon and and Gynecologists rectum; adjusted community rate; ambulance ACOHA  American College of Osteopathic call report; American College of Radiology; Hospital Administrators American College of Rheumatology; anti- ACO-HNS  American Council of Otolar­ constipation regimen; axillary count rate yngology–Head and Neck Surgery Acr  acrylic ACOI  American College of Osteopathic In- ACRE  Appropriateness of Coronary Revas- ternists cularization [study] ACOM  American College of Occupational ACRF  acute-on-chronic respiratory failure; Medicine; anterior communicating [artery] ambulatory care research facility AComA  anterior communicating artery ACRM  American Congress of Rehabilita- ACOMS  American College of Oral and tion Medicine Maxillofacial Surgeons ACRN  AIDS-Certified Registered Nurse ACOOG  American College of Osteopathic ACR/NEMA  American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Radiology/National Electrical Manufactur- ACOP  American College of Osteopathic ers’ Association Pediatricians; approved code of practice ACS  abdominal compartment syndrome; ac- ACORDE  A Consortium on Restorative cess control system; acrocallosal syndrome; Dentistry Education acrocephalosyndactyly; acute chest syndrome; ACOS  American College of Osteopathic acute confusional state; acute coronary syn- Surgeons; associate chief of staff drome; Alcon Closure System; ambulatory ACOS/AC  associate chief of staff for am- care sensitive; American Cancer Society; bulatory care American Chemical Society; American Col- ACOSPM  American College of Osteopath- lege of Surgeons; anodal closure sound; anti- ic Pain Management and Sclerotherapy reticular cytotoxic serum; aperture current Acous  acoustics, acoustics setting; Association of Clinical Scientists; au- ACOX  acetyl–coenzyme A oxidase tomatic corneal shaper ACP  accessory conduction pathway; acid ACs  air changes phosphatase; acyl carrier protein; American ACSA  adenylate cyclase–stimulating ac- College of Pathologists; American College of tivity Pharmacists; American College of Physi- ACSCEPT  Assessment for Carotid Steno- cians; American College of Prosthodontists; sis: Correlation with Endarterectomy Speci- American College of Psychiatrists; Animal men Trial Care Panel; anodal closure picture; aspirin- ACS CPS  American Cancer Society Cancer caffeine-phenacetin; Association for Child Prevention Studies Psychiatrists; Association of Clinical Pathol- ACSE  association control service element ogists; Association of Correctional Psycholo- ACSF  artificial cerebrospinal fluid gists; Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischemia Pilot aCSF  artificial cerebrospinal fluid Study; atom class pair AC/SIUG  ambulatory care special interest ACPA  American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial user group Association; anticitrullinated protein anti- ACSM  American College of Sports Medi- body cine AcPase  acid phosphatase ACSML  arbitration and control state ma- ACPC  aminocyclopentane carboxylic [acid] chine logic AC-PC  anterior commissure–posterior com- ACSP  adenylate cyclase–stimulating pro- missure tein ACPE  American College of Physician Ex- ACSSuT  ampicillin, chloramphenicol, strep- ecutives tomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline AC-PH, ac phos  acid phosphatase ACST  Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial ACPM  American College of Preventive ACSV  aortocoronary saphenous vein Medicine ACSVBG  aortocoronary saphenous vein by- ACPP  adrenocortical polypeptide; prostate- pass graft specific acid phosphatase ACT  abdominal computed tomography; ab- ACPS  acrocephalopolysyndactyly; Adviso- lation catheter tip; achievement through ry Committee for Pharmaceutical Science counseling and treatment; actin; actinomy- ACQUIP  Ambulatory Care Quality Im- cin; action class torsion; activated clotting provement Project time, activated coagulation time; adaptive ACR  abnormally contracting region; abso- current tomography; advanced coronary lute catabolic rate; acriflavine; acute-to-  treatment; Angioplasty Compliance Trial;  12 anterocolic transposition; antichymotrypsin; dioversion Utilizing Transesophageal Echo- anticoagulant therapy; anxiety control train- cardiography [study] ing; artemisinin combination therapy; Asso- ACV  acute cardiovascular [disease]; acyclo- ciation of Cytogenetic Technologists; asthma vir; assisted controlled ventilation; atrial/ care training; atropine coma therapy; Attack- carotid/ventricular; autonomic conduction ing Claudication with Ticlopidine [study]; velocity Australian Capital Territory [trial] ACVB  aortocoronary venous bypass AcT  acceleration time ACVD  acute cardiovascular disease, athero- Act  activity sclerotic cardiovascular disease act  actinomycin; active, activity ACx  anomalous circumflex [coronary ar- ACTA  actin alpha; American Cardiology tery] Technologists Association; automatic com- AD  abductor digiti minimi; above dia- puterized transverse axial [scanning] phragm; absorbed dose; acceptable daily in- Act-C  actinomycin C take; accident dispensary; accidental death; ACTC  alpha-actin, cardiac muscle acetabular depth; acetate dialysis; active dis- Act-D  actinomycin D ease; active domain; acute dermatomyositis; ACT/DB  Adaptable Clinical Trials Data- addict, addiction; adenoid degeneration; ad- base juvant disease; admitting diagnosis; adreno- ACTe  anodal closure tetanus doxin; adrenostenedione; adult disease; ACTG  AIDS Clinical Trial Group [study] advanced directive; aerosol deposition; affec- ACTH  adrenocorticotropic hormone tive disorder; after discharge; alcohol dehy- ACTH-LI  adrenocorticotropin-like immuno- drogenase; Aleutian disease; alveolar reactivity diffusion; alveolar duct; Alzheimer demen- ACTHR  adrenocorticotropic hormone re- tia; Alzheimer disease; analgesic dose; ana- ceptor log device; anodal duration; anterior division; ACTH-RF  adrenocorticotropic hormone re- antigenic determinant; anxiety disorder; ap- leasing factor propriate disability; arthritic dose; assistive ACTHR/MC-2  adrenocorticotropin recep- device; associate degree; atopic dermatitis; tor/melanocortin receptor 2 attentional disturbance; Aujeszky disease; ACTION  A Coronary Disease Trial Investi- autistic disorder; autonomic dysreflexia; au- gating Outcome with Nifedipine GITS;  tosomal dominant; average deviation; aver- Assisting Carriers Using Telematics Inter- age difference; axiodistal; axis deviation; ventions to Meet Older Persons Needs right ear [Lat. auris dextra] ACTIS  AIDS Clinical Trials Information A/D  analog-to-digital Service A&D  admission and discharge; ascending activ  active, activity and descending ACTN  adrenocorticotropin Ad  adenovirus; adrenal; anisotropic disk ACTOBAT  Australasian Clinical Trial of ad  add; axiodistal; let there be added [up to Betamethasone and Thyroid-Releasing Hor- a specified amount, Lat. addetur]; right ear mone [Lat. auris dextra] ACTP  adrenocorticotropic polypeptide AD1  Alzheimer disease type 1 ACT/PD  actual nursing hours per patient ADA  adenosine deaminase; American Den- day tal Association; American Dermatological ACTS  acute cervical traumatic sprain or Association; American Diabetes Association; syndrome; advanced communication tech- American Dietetic Association; Americans nology satellite; advanced computational with Disabilities Act; anterior descending testing and simulation; American-Canadian artery; antideoxyribonucleic acid antibody; Thrombosis Study; American College Test- approved dietary allowance; Australian Den- ing Services; Auditory Comprehension Test tal Association for Sentences ADA A  American Dental Assistants Asso- ACTUR  Automated Central Tumor Registry ciation ACTV  Acatinga virus; activity ADACS  automatic data acquisition and con- ACU  acquired cold urticaria; acute care trol system unit; agar colony-forming unit; ambulatory ADAM  adduct detection by acylation with care unit 35 S-methionine; adhesion, amniotic deformi- ACURP  American College of Utilization ty, mutilation [syndrome]; A disintegrin and Review Physicians metalloprotease; amniotic deformity; Am- ACUTE  Analysis of Coronary Ultrasound sterdam Duration of Antiretroviral Medica- Thrombolysis Endpoints; Assessment of Car- tion [study]  13 ADAMHA  Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Men- add  addition; adductor, adduction; let there tal Health Administration be added [Lat. addatur] ADAP  American Dental Assistants’ Pro- ADDA  acute dissection of the distal aorta gram; Assistant Director of Army Psychiatry ADDH  attention deficit disorder with hyper- ADAPC  alcohol and drug abuse prevention activity and control ADD/HA  attention deficit disorder/hyper- ADAPT  American Disabled for Attendant activity Programs Today; Association for Drug and addict  addiction, addictive Alcohol Prevention and Treatment; Auto- AdDNV  Aceta domestica densovirus mated Data Analysis and Pattern Recognition add poll  adductor pollicis Toolkit ADDS  American Digestive Disease Society ADAPT-DES  Assessment of Dual Anti- ADDU  alcohol and drug dependence unit platelet Therapy With Drug-Eluting Stents ADE  acute disseminated encephalitis; adap- [study] tive delay estimation; adverse drug event; ADAPTS  acute directional atherectomy antibody-dependent enhancement; apparent prior to stenting digestible energy ADAS  Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale Ade  adenine ADAS-COG  Alzheimer Disease Assess- ADEA  American Dental Education Associa- ment Scale, cognitive portion tion AdASDiM  Adaptive Advisory System for ADEAR  Alzheimer Disease Education and Diabetic Management Referral [center] ADase  adenosine deaminase AdeCbl  adenosyl cobalamine ADAU  adolescent drug abuse unit ADEE  age-dependent epileptic encepha- ADB  accidental death benefit; archival da- lopathy tabase ADEG  Antiarrhythmic Drug Evaluation ADC  adenylate cyclase; adult day care; af- Group [trial] fective disorders clinic; Aid to Dependent ADEM  academic department of emergency Children; AIDS-dementia complex; albumin, medicine; acute disseminated encephalomy- dextrose, and catalase [medium]; ambulance elitis design criteria; analog-to-digital converter; AdenoCa  adenocarcinoma anodal duration contraction; apparent diffu- ADEP  Atherosclerotic Disease Evolution by sion coefficient; audio-to-digital conversion; Picotamide [study] average daily census; axiodistocervical ADEPT  Applying Diagnosis, Etiology, Prog- AdC  adenylate cyclase; adrenal cortex nosis, and Therapy [program] ADCA  autosomal dominant cerebellar adeq  adequate ataxia ADF  adaptive filter; administrative determi- ADCC  acute disorder of cerebral circulation; nation of fault; automatic document feeder; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic- average duration of failures ity, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity AD/FHD  acetabular depth/femoral head di- ADCH  autosomal dominant cyclic hemato- ameter poiesis ADFN  albinism-deafness [syndrome] AD-CHF  acutely decompensated congestive ADFR  activate, depress, free, repeat [coher- heart failure ence therapy] ADCMC  antibody-dependent complement- ADFS  alternative delivery and financing mediated cytotoxicity system AdCMVHSV-TK  adenovirus carrying the AD-FSP  autosomal dominant familial spas- gene for herpes simplex virus thymidine ki- tic paraplegia nase ADFVd  Apple dimple fruit viroid ADCP  adenosine deaminase complexing ADG  ambulatory diagnostic group; atrial protein diastolic gallop; axiodistogingival AD-CPEO  autosomal dominant chronic ADH  Academy of Dentistry for the Handi- progressive external ophthalmoplegia capped; adhesion; alcohol dehydrogenase; ADCS  Argonz–del Castillo syndrome antidiuretic hormone; arginine dihydrolase; ADCY  adenyl cyclase atypical ductal hyperplasia ADD  acceptable daily dose; adduction; ad- adh  adhesion, adhesive; antidiuretic hormone enosine deaminase; Antiepileptic Drug  ADHA  American Dental Hygienists Asso- Development [program]; attention deficit ciation disorder; auditory discrimination in depth; ADH/CA  atypical ductal hyperplasia with average daily dose adjacent ductal cancer  14 ADHD  attention-deficit/hyperactivity dis- ADO  active data object; adenosine; adoles- order cent medicine; allele drop-out; autosomal ADHDP  action-dependent heuristic dual dominant osteoporosis; axiodistoocclusal programming Ado  adenosine ADHERE  Acute Decompensated Heart Fail- ADOA  autosomal dominant ocular albi- ure National Registry nism ADHR  autosomal dominant hypophospha- AdoCbl  5′-adenosylcobalamin temic rickets ADOD  arthrodentosteodysplasia ADI  Academy of Dentistry International; ac- AdoDABA  adenosyldiaminobutyric acid ceptable daily intake; AIDS-defining illness; AdoHcy  S-adenosylhomocysteine allowable daily intake; alternating direction adol  adolescence, adolescent implicit [method]; Alzheimer Disease Interna- AdoMet  S-adenosylmethionine tional; artificial diverticulum of the ileum; ADOPT  Accupril Decision on Pharmaco- atlas-dens interval; autism diagnostic inter- therapy [trial] view; average daily intake; axiodistoincisal ADPD  Academy of Dentistry for Persons ADI-R  autism diagnostic interview-revised with Disabilities adj  adjacent; adjoining; adjuvant ADOS  autism diagnostic observation sched- ADK  adenosine kinase ule; autosomal dominant Opitz syndrome ADKC  atopic dermatitis with keratocon- ADOTS  affective disorder outpatient tele- junctivitis phone screening ADL  active digital library; activities of daily Adox  oxidized adenosine living; adenolymphangitis; advanced distrib- ADP  adenopathy; adenosine diphosphate; uted learning; Amsterdam Depression List; adenovirus death protein; administrative psy- annual dose limit chiatry; approved drug product; approximate ADLAR  advanced design linear accelerator dynamic programming; area diastolic pres- radiosurgery sure; automatic data processing ADLC  antibody-dependent lymphocyte-me- AdP  adductor pollicis diated cytotoxicity ADPase  adenosine diphosphatase ad lib  as desired [Lat. ad libitum] ADPK  autosomal dominant polycystic kid- ADLS  Activities of Daily Living Survey ney [disease] ADM  abductor digiti minimi; add-drop mul- ADPKD  autosomal dominant polycystic tiplexer; administrative medicine; admission; kidney disease Adriamycin; advanced diabetes management ADPL  average daily patient load AdM  adrenal medulla ADPR  adenosine diphosphate ribose adm  administration; admission; apply [Lat. ADPRT  adenosine diphosphate ribosyltrans- admove] ferase ADMA  asymmetric dimethyl arginine ADQ  abductor digiti quinti; adolescent Adm Dr  admitting doctor drinking questionnaire ADME  absorption, distribution, metabo- ADR  activation, depression, repetition; lism, and excretion adrenalin; adrenals; adrenergic receptor; ad- Admin  administration renodoxin reductase; Adriamycin; adverse ADMIRE  AMP 579 Delivery for Myocardial drug reaction; airway dilation reflex; alterna- Infarction Reduction [study] tive dispute resolution; arrested development ADMIT  Arterial Disease Multiple Interven- of righting response; ataxia, deafness, retar- tion Trial dation [syndrome] AdML  adenovirus major late promoter Adr  adrenalin; Adriamycin Adm Ph  admitting physician adr  adrenal, adrenalectomy ADMR  average daily metabolic rate ADRA1A  alpha-1A adrenergic receptor ADMS  analysis of disorders of masticatory ADRA1B  alpha-1B adrenergic receptor system; atmospheric dispersion modeling ADRA1C  alpha-1C adrenergic receptor system ADRA2C  alpha-2C adrenergic receptor ADMX  adrenal medullectomy ADRAC  Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory ADN  antideoxyribonuclease; aortic depres- Committee sor nerve; associate degree in nursing ADRAR  alpha-2-adrenergic receptor ad naus  to the point of producing nausea ADRBK  beta-1 adrenergic receptor kinase [Lat. ad nauseam] ADRBR  adrenergic beta receptor ADN-B  antideoxyribonuclease B ADRC  Alzheimer Disease Research Center ADNI  Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging ADRDA  Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Initiative Disorders Association  15 ADRP  adipose differentiation-related pro- exchange; anoxic encephalopathy; antiepi- tein; autosomal dominant retinitis pigmen- leptic; antitoxic unit [Ger. Antitoxineinheit]; tosa apoenzyme; aryepiglottic; atherosclerotic ADRT  approximate discrete radon trans- encephalopathy; atrial ectopic [heart beat]; form avian encephalomyelitis ADS  acute death syndrome; acute diarrheal A&E  accident and emergency syndrome; adenocarcinoma dataset; Alcohol A+E  accident and emergency; analysis and Dependence Scale; alternative delivery sys- evaluation tem; anatomic dead space; anonymous donor A/E  above elbow sperm; antibody deficiency syndrome; an- AEA  acquired epileptic aplasia; alcohol, tidiuretic substance; Army Dental Service ether, and acetone ADSC  adipose-derived stem cells; adipose- AEB  accidental exposure to blood; acute derived stromal cells; adipose tissue–derived erythroblastopenia; avian erythroblastosis stem cells AEC  aminoethylcarbazole; ankyloblepharon, ADSD  adductor spasmodic dysphonia ectodermal defects, and cleft lip [syndrome]; ADSL  adenylosuccinate lyase; asymmetrical at earliest convenience; Atomic Energy Com- digital single line; asymmetric digital sub- mission; automatic exposure control scription line AECB  acute exacerbation of chronic bron- ADSP  analog-digital signal processor chitis ADSS  adenylosuccinate synthetase AECD  allergic eczematous contact derma- ADSTGD  Stargardt-like muscular dystro- titis phy AECE-6-AZUMP  5-[2-(aminoethyl) carba­ ADSV  Arborea virus myl]-6-azauridine-5′monophosphate ADT  Accepted Dental Therapeutics; ade- AECGM  ambulatory electrocardiographic nosine triphosphate; admission, discharge, monitoring and transfer; agar gel diffusion test; alter- AECS  acute exacerbation of chronic sinus- nate-day therapy; any desired thing [place- itis bo]; Alzheimer-type dementia; asphyxiating AED  academic emergency department; anti- thoracic dystrophy; Auditory Discrimination epileptic drug; antihidrotic ectodermal dys- Test plasia; anxious ego dissolution; automated ADTA  American Dental Trade Association external defibrillator ADTe  anodal duration tetanus AEDP  automated external defibrillator ADU  alkaline deoxyribonucleic acid un- pacemaker winding AEE  Atomic Energy Establishment AD&U  acid dissociation and ultrafiltration AEF  allogenic effect factor; amyloid en- ADV  adenovirus; adventitia; Aleutian dis- hancing factor; aortoenteric fistula ease virus; Aujeszky disease virus AEFB  aerobic endospore-forming bacterium AdV  adenovirus AEFF  effective area Adv  adenovirus AEFI  adverse events following immuniza- adv  advanced; against [Lat. adversum] tion AdvaMed  Advanced Medical Technology AEFV  acceleration of early flow velocity Association AEG  acute erosive gastritis; air encephalog- ADVANCE  anxiety reduction, distraction, raphy, air encephalogram; atrial electrogram video modeling and education, adding par- AEGIS  Aid for the Elderly in Government ents, no excessive reassurance, coaching, and Institutions exposure/shaping AEI  arbitrary evolution index; arterial elas- ADVIRC  autosomal dominant vitreoretino ticity indexes; atrial emptying index; atrial choroidopathy escape interval ADVS  activities of daily vision survey AEL  acute erythroleukemia ADW  assault with deadly weapon AELV  avian entero-like virus A5D5W  alcohol 5%, dextrose 5%, in water AEM  Academic Emergency Medicine [jour- ADWE  adverse drug withdrawl event nal]; ambulatory electrocardiographic moni- ADX  adrenalectomized; adrenodoxin toring; analytical electron microscopy; ataxia AE  above elbow; absolute erythrocytosis; episodica with myokymia; avian encephalo- acrodermatitis enteropathica; activation myelitis energy; adaptive equipment, adult eryth- AEMG  abdominal electromyography rocyte; adverse event; aftereffect; agarose AEMIS  Aerospace and Environmental Med- electrophoresis; air embolism; air entry; icine Information System alcoholic embryopathy; aminoethyl; anion AEMK  ataxia episodica with myokymia  16 A-EMT  advanced emergency medical tech- artificial feeding; ascitic fluid; atrial fibrilla- nician tion; atrial flutter; atrial fusion; attenuation AEN  anal epithelial neoplasia; aseptic factor; attributable fraction; audio frequency epiphyseal necrosis aF  abfarad AEP  acute edematous pancreatitis; artificial af  audio frequency endocrine pancreas; auditory evoked poten- AFA  acromegaloid facial appearance [syn- tial; average evoked potential drome]; advanced first aid; alcohol- AEq  age equivalent formaldehyde-acetic acid [fixative] AER  abduction/external rotation; acoustic AFAFP  amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein evoked response; acute exertional rhabdomy- AFAR  American Foundation for Aging Re- olysis; agranular endoplasmic reticulum; al- search bumin excretion rate; aldosterone excretion AFASAK  Atrial Fibrillation, Aspirin, Anti- rate; apical ectodermal ridge; auditory coagulation [trial] evoked response; average electroencephalic AFB  acid-fast bacillus; aflatoxin B; aflatoxin response; average evoked response biomarker; air fluidized bed; aortofemoral AERE  Atomic Energy Research Establish- bypass ment AFBAC  affected family-based control test Aero  Aerobacter AFBG  aortofemoral bypass graft AERP  aircrew eye and respiratory protec- AFC  adult foster care; alternative forced tion; antegrade effective refractory period; choice; amplitude frequency characteristics; atrial effective refractory period; auditory antibody-forming cell event–related potential AFCAPS  Air Force Coronary Atherosclero- AERPAP  antegrade effective refractory pe- sis Prevention Study riod accessory pathway AFCI  acute focal cerebral ischemia AERS  acute equine respiratory syndrome AFCR  American Federation for Clinical Re- AES  acetone-extracted serum; ambulatory search encounter system; American Electroencepha- AFD  accelerated freeze drying; acrofacial lographic Society; American Encephalo- dysostosis graphic Society; American Endocrine AFDC  Aid to Families with Dependent Society; American Endodontic Society; Children American Epidemiological Society; Ameri- AFDH  American Fund for Dental Health can Epilepsy Society; American Equilibra- AFDM  adaptive focus deformable model tion Society; anterior esophageal sensor; AFDSM  adaptive focus deformable statisti- antiembolic stockings; antral ethmoidal cal model sphenoidectomy; aortic ejection sound; AFDW  ash-free dry weight Auger electron spectroscopy; autoerythro- AFE  amniotic fluid embolism cyte sensitization afeb  afebrile AEs  adverse events AFEDI  Association Francophone Européene AesoNPV  Aedes sollicitans nucleopolyhe- des Infirmiers drovirus AFF  atrial fibrillation and flutter; atrial fill- AEST  aeromedical evacuation support team ing fraction AET  absorption-equivalent thickness; S-(2- aff  afferent aminoethyl) isothiuronium AFFIRM  Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up AETT  acetylethyltetramethyltetralin Investigation of Rhythm Management AEV  arthritis encephalitis virus; avian [study] encephalomyelitis–like virus; avian erythro- AFFN  acrofrontofacionasal blastosis virus AFG  abnormal fasting glucose; aflatoxin G; AeV  Antheraea eucalypti virus amniotic fluid glucose; arbitrary function AEZ  acrodermatitis enteropathica, zinc de- generator ficient aFGF  acidic fibroblast growth factor AF  abnormal frequency; acid-fast; actin fila- AFH  angiofollicular hyperplasia; anterior ment; active force; adult female; afebrile; facial height affected female; aflatoxin; albumin free; AFI  amaurotic familial idiocy; Atrial Fibril- albumose free; alcoholic female; aldehyde lation Investigators [study] fuchsin; amaurosis fugax; aminofluorine; AFIB  Atrial Fibrillation Investigation with aminophylline; amniotic fluid; angiogenesis Bidisomide [trial] factor; anteflexion; anterior fontanelle; AFib  atrial fibrillation antibody forming; antifog; antifungal; antral AFIB/FL  atrial fibrillation/flutter follicle; aortic flow; Arthritis Foundation; AFIP  Armed Forces Institute of Pathology  17 AFIPS  American Federation of Information AFTN  autonomously functioning thyroid Processing Societies nodule AFIRME  antagonist of the fibrinogen recep- AFV  amniotic fluid volume; aortic flow ve- tor after myocardial events locity; Aspergillus foetidus virus AFIS  amniotic fluid infection syndrome AFV-F  Aspergillus foetidus virus F AFL  antifibrinolysin; artificial limb; atrial AFV-S  Aspergillus foetidus virus S flutter AFX  atypical fibroxanthoma AFLNH  angiofollicular lymph node hyper- AG  abdominal girth; acidophilic granulo- plasia cyte; agarose; aminoglutethimide; analytical AFLP  acute fatty liver of pregnancy; ampli- grade; Andersen-Gill [statistical method]; fied fragment length polymorphism angular gyrus; anion gap; antigen; antige- AFM  aflatoxin M; after fatty meal; atomic nomic; antiglobulin; antigravity; atrial gal- force microscopy lop; attached gingiva; autograft; axiogingival; AFMA  automated fabrication of modality azurophilic granule aids AG, A/G  albumin/globulin ratio AFMC  Association of Faculties of Medicine Ag  antigen; silver [Lat. argentum] of Canada Ag*  labeled antigen AFMR  American Federation for Medical ag  androgenetic; antigen Research AGA  accelerated growth area; allergic gran- AFMU   5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3- ulomatosis and angiitis; American Gastroen- methyluracil terological Association; American Genetic AFN  afunctional neutrophil; American Fo- Association; American Geriatrics Associa- rensic Nurses; antegrade femoral nail tion; American Goiter Association; antigliadin AFNC  Air Force Nurse Corps antibody; antiglomerular antibody; anti-IgG AFND  acute febrile neutrophilic dermato- autoantibody; appropriate for gestational age; sis aspartylglucosamidase AFO  ankle/foot orthotic; ankle-foot or­ Ag-Ab  antigen-antibody complex thosis AGAC  aminoglycoside-aminocyclitol AFORMED  alternating failure of response, AGAG  acidic glycosaminoglycan mechanical, to electrical depolarization AGAR  Australian Group on Antimicrobial AFP  acute flaccid paralysis; alpha-fetopro- Resistance [study] tein; anterior faucial pillar; atypical facial AGBAD  Alexander Graham Bell Associa- pain tion for the Deaf AFPP  acute fibropurulent pneumonia AG Bell  Alexander Graham Bell Associa- AFQ  aflatoxin Q tion for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing AFR  aqueous flare response; ascorbic free AGC  absolute granulocyte count; anatomi- radical cally graduated component; atypical glandu- AFRAX  autism–fragile X [syndrome] lar cell; automatic gain control AFRD  acute febrile respiratory disease AGC-FN  atypical glandular cells favor neo- AFRI  acute febrile respiratory illness plasia AFROC  Association of Freestanding Radia- AGC-FR  atypical glandular cells favor re- tion Oncology Centers active AFS  acquired/adult Fanconi syndrome; al- AgCPV  Abraxas grossulariata cypovirus; ternative financing system; American Fertil- Autographa gamma cypovirus ity Society; antifibroblast serum AGCT  antiglobulin consumption test; Army AFSAM  Air Force School of Aviation General Classification Test Medicine AGC-U  atypical glandular cells unqualified AFSCME  American Federation of State, AGD  agar gel diffusion; agarose diffusion; County, and Municipal Employees alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase AFSM  adaptive Fourier series modeling AGDD  agar gel double diffusion AFSP  acute fibrinoserous pneumonia AGE  acrylamide gel; acute gastroenteritis; AFT  aflatoxin; agglutination-flocculation test advanced glycation end product; agarose gel AFTA  American Family Therapy Academy electrophoresis; angle of greatest extension; AFTER  Anistreplase Following Thromboly- arterial gas embolism sis Effect on Reocclusion [study]; Aspirin/ AGED  automated general experimental de- Anticoagulants Following Thrombolysis vice with Eminase in Recurrent Infarction [study]; AGEG  age group Aspirin/Anticoagulants Following Throm- AGE-IEF  agarose gel-isoelectric focusing bolysis with Eminase Results [study] [electrophoresis]  18 AGEPC  acetyl glyceryl ether phosphoryl- AGSP  Australian Gonococcal Surveillance choline Programme AGES  age, grade, extension, size [tumor] AGT  abnormal glucose tolerance; activity AGF  accelerated graphics port; adrenal group therapy; acute generalized tuberculo- growth factor; angiopoietin-related growth sis; alkylguanine deoxyribonucleic acid alk- factor; angle of greatest flexion yltransferase; angiotensin; aniline/glyoxylate AGG  agammaglobulinemia aminotransferase; antiglobulin test; Associa- agg  agglutination; aggravation; aggrega- tion of Genetic Technologists tion agt  agent aggl, agglut  agglutination AGTH  adrenoglomerulotropic hormone aggrav  aggravated, aggravation AGTr  adrenoglomerulotropin aggreg  aggregated, aggregation AGTT  abnormal glucose tolerance test AGGS  anti–gas gangrene serum AGU  aspartylglucosaminuria AGI  adjusted gross income AGUS  atypia of gland cells of undetermined AGID  agar gel immunodiffusion significance AGIR  autologous gastrointestinal recon- AGUV  aguacate virus struction AGV  aniline gentian violet AGIS  Advanced Glaucoma Intervention AGVd  Australian grapevine viroid Study AH  abdominal hysterectomy; absorptive hy- agit  agitated, agitation percalciuria; accidental hypothermia; aceto- AGIV  Anticarisia gemmatalis iridescent hexamide; acid hydrolysis; acute hepatitis; virus adrenal hypoplasia; affected hemisphere; AGL  acute granulocytic leukemia; aggluti- afterhyperpolarization; agnathia-holoprosen- nation; aminoglutethimide; anterior glenoid cephaly; alcoholic hepatitis; amenorrhea and labrum hirsutism; aminohippurate; anterior heel; an- AGM  absorbent gelling material terior hypothalamus; antihyaluronidase; ar- AGMK, AGMkK African green monkey cuate hypothalamus; Army Hospital; arterial kidney [cell] hypertension; artificial heart; aryl hydrocar- AgMNPV  Anticarisia gemmatalis multiple bon; ascites hepatoma; assisted hatching; nucleopolyhedrovirus astigmatic hypermetropia; ataxic hemipare- AGMPyV  African green monkey poly- sis; atypical hyperplasia; autoimmune hepa- oma virus titis; autonomic hyperreflexia; axillary hair AGN  acute glomerulonephritis; agnosia A/H  amenorrhea-hyperprolactinemia agn  agnosia A+H  accident and health AGNB  aerobic gram-negative bacillus Ah  ampere-hours AGNC  Association of Genetic Nurses and A·h  ampere-hour Counselors aH  abhenry AgNOR  silver-staining nucleolar organizer ah  hyperopic astigmatism region AHA  acetohydroxamic acid; acquired he- AGOS  American Gynecological and Ob- molytic anemia; acute hemolytic anemia; stetrical Society American Heart Association; American Hos- AGP  acid glycoprotein; agar gel precipita- pital Association; anterior hypothalamic area; tion; ambulatory glucose profile; azurophil antiheart antibody; antihistone antibody; area granule protein health authority; arthritis, hives, angioedema AGPA  American Group Practice Associa- [syndrome]; aspartyl-hydroxamic acid; auto- tion; American Group Psychotherapy Asso- immune hemolytic anemia ciation AHA/ACC  American Heart Association/ AGPI  agar gel precipitin inhibition American College of Cardiology [Task AGPT  agar gel precipitation test Force] AGR  aniridia, ambiguous genitalia, mental AHB  acute hepatitis B; alpha-hydroxybu- retardation [syndrome]; anticipatory goal re- tyric acid sponse AHC  academic health care; academic health agr  accessory gene regulator center; acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis; agri  agriculture acute hemorrhagic cystitis; adrenal hypopla- AGRP, AgRP  agouti-related protein sia congenita; antihemophilic factor C AGS  adrenogenital syndrome; Alagille syn- AHCA  Agency for Health Care Administra- drome; American Geriatrics Society; audio- tion; American Health Care Association genic seizures AHCD  acquired hepatocellular degeneration  19 AHC/HHG  adrenal hypoplasia congenita– AHIS  automated hospital information sys- hypogonadotropic hypogonadism [syn- tem drome] AHJ  artificial hip joint aHCl  aqueous solution of hydrogen chlo- AHL  apparent half-life ride AHLA  American Health Lawyers Associa- AHCN  American Housecall Network tion AHCP  allied health care professional AHLE  acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis AHCPR  Agency for Health Care Policy and AHLG  antihuman lymphocyte globulin Research AHLS  antihuman lymphocyte serum AhCPV  Agrochola helvolva cypovirus AHM  allied health manpower; ambulatory AHCy  adenosyl homocysteine Holter monitor AHD  acquired hepatocerebral degeneration; AHMA  American Holistic Medicine Asso- acute heart disease; antihyaluronidase; anti- ciation; anti–heart muscle autoantibody hypertensive drug; arteriohepatic dysplasia; AHMC  Association of Hospital Manage- arteriosclerotic heart disease; atherosclerotic ment Committees heart disease; autoimmune hemolytic disease AHMD  alcoholic heart muscle disease AHDI  Association for Healthcare Documen- AHN  Army Head Nurse; assistant head tation Integrity nurse AHDMS  automated hospital data manage- AHNA  American Holistic Nurses Associ- ment system ation AHDP  azacycloheptane diphosphonate AHNS  American Head and Neck Society AHDS  Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome AHO  acute hematogenous osteomyelitis; AHE  acute hazardous events; acute hemor- Albright hereditary osteodystrophy rhagic encephalomyelitis AHP  accountable health plan/partnership; AHEA  area health education activity acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis; afterhyper- AHEAD  Addiction Health Evaluation and polarization; air at high pressure; aminohy- Disease Management; Asset and Health Dy- droxyphenylalanine; analytic hierarchy namics process; approved health plan; Assistant AHEC  area health education center House Physician; hyperpolarizing afterpo- AHEI  Alternative Healthy Eating Index tential AHES  artificial heart energy system AHPA  American Health Planning Associ- AHF  acute heart failure; American Health ation Foundation; American Hepatic Foundation; AHPO  anterior hypothalamic preoptic [area] American Hospital Formulary; antihemolytic AHPSR  Alliance for Health Policy and Sys- factor; antihemophilic factor; Argentinian tems Research hemorrhagic fever; Associated Health Foun- AHR  antihyaluronidase reaction; aryl hy- dation drocarbon receptor; Association for Health AHFS  American Hospital Formulary Ser- Records; atrial heart rate vice aHR  adjusted hazard ratio AHF SCENE  Advanced Heart Failure AhR  aryl hydrocarbon receptor Shared Clinical Experience Network AHRA  American Healthcare Radiology Ad- AHG  aggregated human globulin; antihe- ministrators mophilic globulin; antihuman globulin; arte- AHRF  acute hypoxemic respiratory failure; rial hypertension group American Hearing Research Foundation AHGG  aggregated human gammaglobulin; AHRQ  Agency for Healthcare Research and antihuman gammaglobulin Quality AHGS  acute herpetic gingival stomatitis AHRTAG  Appropriate Health Resources AHH  alpha-hydrazine analogue of histidine; and Technologies Action Group anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonad- AHS  Academy of Health Sciences; Adven- ism [syndrome]; arylhydrocarbon hydroxy- tist Health Study; African horse sickness; lase; Association for Holistic Health alveolar hypoventilation syndrome; Ameri- AHI  acromiohumeral interval; active hostil- can Headache Society; American Hearing ity index; Animal Health Institute; apnea- Society; American Hospital Society; area hypopnea index; applied health informatics health service; assistant house surgeon AHIMA  American Health Information Ma­ AHSA  American Health Security Act nagement Association AHSDF  area health service development AHIP  America’s Health Insurance Plans; as- fund sisted health insurance plan AHSG  alpha-2HS-glycoprotein  20 AHSN  Assembly of Hospital Schools of AICG  appraisal instrument for clinical Nursing guidelines AHSP  AIDS Health Services Program AI/COAG  artificial intelligence hemostasis AHSR  Association for Health Services Re- consultant system search AICS  acute ischemic coronary syndrome; AHSV  African horse sickness virus artery of inferior cavernous sinus AHT  aggregation half-time; antihyaluroni- AID  acquired immunodeficiency disease; dase titer; augmented histamine test; auto­ acute infectious disease; acute ionization de- genous hamster tumor tector; Agency for International Develop- AHTG  antihuman thymocyte globulin ment; argon ionization detector; artificial AHTP  antihuman thymocyte plasma insemination by donor; autoimmune defi- AHTS  antihuman thymus serum ciency; autoimmune disease; automatic im- AHU  acute hemolytic uremic [syndrome]; plantable defibrillator; average interocular air-handling unit; arginine, hypoxanthine, difference and uracil AIDA  automatic interpretation for diagnos- AHuG  aggregated human immunoglobul- tic assistance; automatic interpretation of inG data analysis AHV  Abu Hammad virus; avian herpes­ AIDCI  angle-independent Doppler color im- virus aging AhV  Atkinsonella hypoxylon virus AIDH  atypical intraductal hyperplasia AI  accidental injury; accidentally incurred; AIDNV  Aedes albopictus densovirus active ingredient; adiposity index; aggre- AIDP  acute idiopathic demyelinating poly- gation index; allergy and immunology; neuropathy amylogenesis imperfecta; anaphylatoxin in- AIDS  acquired immunodeficiency syn- activator; angiogenesis inhibitor; angioten- drome sin I; anterior insula; anxiety index; aortic AIDS-KS  acquired immunodeficiency syn- incompetence; aortic insufficiency; apical drome with Kaposi sarcoma impulse; apnea index; arousal index; articu- AIDSPIT  Artificial Insulin Delivery System lation index; artificial insemination; artificial Pancreas and Islet Transplantation [study] intelligence; atherogenic index; atrial insuf- AIE  acute inclusion-body encephalitis; acute ficiency; autoimmune, autoimmunity; avidity infectious encephalitis; acute infective endo- index; axioincisal; first meiotic anaphase carditis A&I  allergy and immunology AIEC  adherent invasive Escherichia coli aI  active ingredient AIEDRP  Acute Infection and Early Disease AIA  allylisopropylacetamide; amylase in- Research Program hibitor activity; antiimmunoglobulin anti- AIEP  amount of insulin extractable from body; antiinsulin antibody; aortoiliac pancreas aneurysm; aspirin-induced asthma; automat- AIF  anemia-inducing factor; anti-inflamma- ed image analysis tory; antiinvasion factor AIB  aminoisobutyrate; avian infectious bron- AIFD  acute intrapartum fetal distress chitis AIFF  audio interchange file format AIBA  aminoisobutyric acid AIG  antiimmunoglobulin AIBS  American Institute of Biological AIgE, algE  anti–immunoglobulin E anti- Sciences body AIC  Akaike information criterion; amino- AIH  amelogenesis imperfecta, hypomatura- imidazole carboxamide; Association des In- tion type; American Institute of Homeopa- firmières Canadiennes thy; artificial insemination, homologous; A-IC  average integrated concentration artificial insemination by husband; autoim- AICA  anterior inferior cerebellar artery; an- mune hemolysis; autoimmune hepatitis; au- terior inferior communicating artery toimmunelike hepatitis AI-CAH  autoimmune-type chronic active AIHA  American Industrial Hygiene Asso- hepatitis ciation; American International Health Alli- AICAR  aminoimidazole carboxamide ribo- ance; autoimmune hemolytic anemia nucleotide AIHC  American Industrial Health Confer- AICD  activation-induced cell death; auto- ence matic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator AIHD  acquired immune hemolytic disease AICE  angiotensin I converting enzyme AIHV  alcelaphine herpesvirus AICF  adaptive impulse correlated filtering; AII  acute intestinal infection; angiotensin II; autoimmune complement fixation second meiotic anaphase  21 AIIC  Association des Infirmières et Infirm- AIPRI  ACE Inhibition in Progressive Renal iers du Canada Insufficiency [study] AIII  angiotensin III AIPS  American Institute of Pathologic Sci- AIIS  anterior inferior iliac spine ence AIIT  amiodarone-iodine–induced thyrotoxi- AIR  acute insulin response; airway respon- cosis siveness; amino-imidazole ribonucleotide; AIL  acute infectious lymphocytosis; angio- aortoiliac reconstruction; automated image centric immunoproliferative lesion; angioim- registration; average impairment rating munoblastic lymphadenopathy AIRA  anti–insulin receptor antibody AILA  angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopa- AIRE  Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy thy; argon ion laser atheroablation [study]; Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy AILD  alveolar interstitial lung disease; an- [trial]; Acute Infarction Reperfusion Effi­ gioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with cacy [study] dysproteinemia AIREX  Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy AIM  Abridged Index Medicus; acquisition Extension [study] interface module; acuity index method; ad- AIRF  alterations in respiratory function vanced informatics and medicine; all-in AI/RHEUM  artificial intelligence rheuma- medicine; applications integration mecha- tology consultant system nism; area-of-interest magnification; artifi- AIRIO  Agency for Intramural Research In- cial intelligence in medicine; associate in tegrity Officer internal medicine; atypical immature squa- AIRS  Amphetamine Interview Rating Scale mous metaplasia AIS  Abbreviated Injury Scale; absolute in- AIMBE  American Institute for Medical and crease in survival; acute ischemic stroke; Biological Engineering acute ischemic syndrome; adenocarcinoma AIMD  abnormal involuntary movement dis- in situ; administrative information system; order; active implantable medical device adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; aggregate in- A-IMF  areola-to-inframammary fold dis- jury score; amniotic infection syndrome; tance analyzer of interrated sequences [model of a AIMS  abnormal involuntary movement beating ventricle]; androgen insensitivity scale; Acylated Plasminogen-Streptokinase syndrome; anterior interosseous nerve syn- Activator Complex [APSAC] Intervention drome; antiinsulin serum; automatic infor- Mortality Study; aid for the impaired medical mation system; automotive injury score student; arthritis impact measurement scale; AISA  acquired idiopathic sideroblastic ane- Automated Immunization Management Sys- mia tem; automated indexing management system AISI  African Information Society Initiative AIMV  alfalfa mosaic virus AIS/MR  Alternative Intermediate Services AIN  acute interstitial nephritis; American for the Mentally Retarded Institute of Nutrition; anal intraepithelial AIT  acute intensive treatment; aeromedical neoplasia; anterior interosseous nerve isolation team AINA  automated immunonephelometric AITD  autoimmune thyroid disease assay AITIA  Aspirin In Transient Ischemic At- AINOV  Aino virus tacks [study] AINS  anterior interosseous nerve syndrome; AITIAIS  Aspirin in Transient Ischemic At- antiinflammatory nonsteroidal tacks Italian Study AIOD  aortoiliac occlusive disease AITP  autoimmune idiopathic thrombocyto- AION  anterior ischemic optic neuropathy penic purpura AIOS  acute illness observation scale AITT  arginine insulin tolerance test; aug- AIP  acute idiopathic pericarditis; acute in- mented insulin tolerance test fectious polyneuritis; acute intermittent  AIU  absolute iodine uptake; antigen-induc- porphyria; acute interstitial pneumonia; ing unit aldosterone-induced protein; American Insti- AIUM  American Institute of Ultrasound in tute of Physics; automated immunoprecipita- Medicine tion; average intravascular pressure; integral AIV  Aichi virus anatuberculin, Petragnani AIVC  Australian Influenza Vaccine Com- AIPE  acute interstitial pulmonary emphyse- mittee ma; alcoholism intervention performance AIVR  accelerated idioventricular rhythm evaluation AIVV  anterior internal vertebral vein AIPFP  acute idiopathic peripheral facial AIX  advanced interactive executive nerve palsy AIx  augmentation index  22 AJ  adherens junction; ankle jerk A-LAK  adherent lymphokine-activated kill- A/J  ankle jerk er [cell] AJCC  American Joint Committee on Cancer ALAL, ALaL  axiolabiolingual AJCCS  American Joint Committee on Can- ALAO  angiographic area of left anterior cer Staging oblique projection AJDL  arteriojugular venous lactate content AlaP, ala-P  alafosfalin difference ALARA  as low as reasonably achievable AJDO2  arteriojugular venous oxygen con- ALARM  adjustable leg and ankle reposi- tent difference tioning mechanism AJR  abdominojugular reflux maneuver ALARP  as low as reasonably possible AJS  acute joint syndrome ALAS  delta-aminolevulinate synthase AJT  automatic junctional tachycardia ALASH  delta-aminolevulinate synthase, AK  above knee; acetate kinase; actinic kera- housekeeping type tosis; adenosine kinase; adenylate kinase; ALAT  alanine aminotransferase artificial kidney ALB  albumin; avian lymphoblastosis A/K, ak  above knee Alb  albumin A→K  ankle to knee alb  albumin; white [Lat. albus] AKA  above-knee amputation; alcoholic ke- ALBC  albumin clearance toacidosis; also known as; antikeratin anti- ALB/GLOB  albumin/globulin ratio body ALC  absolute lymphocyte count; acute lethal aka  also known as catatonia; aided living center; alternate level AK amp  above-knee amputation of care; Alternative Lifestyle Checklist; ap- AKAV  Akabane virus proximate lethal concentration; avian leuko- AKBR  arterial ketone body ratio sis complex; axiolinguocervical AKE  acrokeratoelastoidosis alc  alcohol, alcoholic, alcoholism A/kg  amperes per kilogram ALCA  anomalous left coronary artery AKP  alkaline phosphatase ALCAPA  anomalous origin of left coronary AKRMLV  AKR murine leukemia virus artery from pulmonary artery AKS  alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome; audi- ALCAR  acetyl-L-carnitine tory and kinesthetic sensation ALCEQ  Adolescent Life Change Event AKU  alkaptonuria Questionnaire AL  absolute latency; acinar lumen; acute ALCL  anaplastic large cell lymphoma leukemia; adaptation level; albumin; alcohol- ALCO  Anonymous Fighters Against Obesi- ism [and other drug-dependence services]; ty alignment; amyloid L; amyloidosis; analyzer alcoh  alcohol, alcoholic, alcoholism and loader; anatomic location, anatomic  AlCPV  Agrochola lychnidis cypovirus; localizer; anterior leaflet; anterolateral; anti- Aporophyla lutulenta cypovirus human lymphocytic [immunoglobulin]; ar- AlCr  aluminum crown gininosuccinate lyase; avian leukosis; axial AlcR, alcR  alcohol rub length; axillary loop; axiolingual; left ear ALD  adrenoleukodystrophy; alcoholic liver [Lat. auris laeva] disease; aldehyde dehydrogenase; aldol- AL  angiographic area of lateral projection ase; aldosterone; anterior latissimus dorsi; Al  allantoic; allergic, allergy; aluminum Appraisal of Language Disturbance; ap- al  left ear [Lat. auris laeva] proximate lethal dose; assistive listening  ALA  amebic liver abscess; American Laryn- device gological Association; American Lung As- Ald  aldolase; aldosterone sociation; aminolevulinate, aminolevulinic ALDA  aldolase A acid; axiolabial ALDB  aldolase B ALa  axiolabial ALDC  afferent lymph dendritic cell; aldol- Ala, ala  alanine ase C AL-Ab  antilymphocyte antibody ALDF  American Lyme Disease Foundation ALAD  abnormal left axis deviation ALDH  aldehyde dehydrogenase ALAD, ALA-D  aminolevulinic acid dehy- Aldo  aldosterone drase; aminolevulinate dehydratase ALDOA  aldolase A ALADH  aminolevulinate dehydratase ALDOC  aldolase C AlaDH  alanine dehydrogenase ALDOST  aldosterone ALADP  aminolevulinic acid dehydrogenase ALDP  adrenoleukodystrophy protein deficiency porphyria ALDR  aldose reductase ALAG, ALaG  axiolabiogingival ALDS  albinism-deafness syndrome  23 ALDUSA  Aspirin Low Dosage in Unstable ALM  aerial lentiginous melanoma; alveolar Angina [trial] living material ALE  active life expectancy; adaptive line ALME  acetyl-lysine methyl ester enhancer; allowable limits of error; ampu- ALMI  anterior lateral myocardial infarct tated lower extremity ALMV  Almeirim virus; Almpiwar virus; an- ALEC  artificial lung-expanding compound terior leaflet of the mitral valve ALECS  acute lower extremity compartment AlMV  alfalfa mosaic virus syndrome ALN  allylnitrile; anterior lymph node; axil- ALEP  atypical lymphoepithelioid cell prolif- lary lymph node eration ALNC  advanced legal nurse consultant ALERT  Amiodarone vs Lidocaine Inpatient ALND  axillary lymph node dissection Emergency Resuscitation Trial; Assessment ALO  average lymphocyte output; axiolin- of Lescol in Renal Transplantation [trial] guo-occlusal ALEV  Alenquer virus ALOS  average length of stay ALF  acute liver failure; advance laser flow- ALOSH  Appalachian Laboratory for Occu- meter; American Liver Foundation; assisted pational Safety and Health living facilities; automated laser fluores- ALOX  aluminum oxide; arachidonate li- cence poxygenase ALFA  Assisted Living Federation of ALOx  aluminum oxide America ALP  acute leukemia protocol; acute lupus ALFT  abnormal liver function test pericarditis; alkaline phosphatase; alveolar ALFV  Alfuy virus proteinosis; anterior lobe of pituitary; anti- ALFW  anterolateral free wall leukoproteinase; antilymphocytic plasma; ALG  antilymphocytic globulin; axiolinguo- argon laser photocoagulation; automated gingival linkage preprocessor alg  allergy AlPase  alkaline phosphatase ALGOL  algorithmic oriented language ALPG  alkaline phosphatase, germ-cell ALH  angiolymphoid hyperplasia; anterior alpha2-AP  alpha2-antiplasmin lobe hormone; anterior lobe of hypophysis α1-AT  alpha1-antitrypsin ALHE  angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eo- alpha-GLUC  alpha-glucosidase sinophilia alpha2-M  alpha2-macroglobulin ALHV  alcelaphine herpesvirus α2-PIPC  alpha2-plasmin inhibitor–plasmin ALI  acute lung injury; annual limit of intake; complex average lobe index ALPL  alkaline phosphatase, liver ALICE  advanced large-scale integrated com- ALPP  alkaline phosphatase, placental putational environment ALPPL  alkaline phosphatase–like, placental ALIF  anterior lumbar interbody fusion ALPS  angiolymphoproliferative syndrome; ALIP  abnormal localized immature myeloid Aphasia Language Performance Scale; attitu- precursor dinal listening profile system; autoimmune aLIU  admission Liver Injury Units lymphoproliferative syndrome ALIVE  Adenosine Lidocaine Infarct Zone ALPSA  anterior labral periosteal sleeve Viability Enhancement [trial]; Amiodarone avulsion; anterior labroligamentous perios- vs. Lidocaine in Prehospital Refractory  teal sleeve avulsion Ventricular Fibrillation [study]; Azimilide ALPV  aphid lethal paralysis virus Postinfarction Survival Evaluation [trial] ALR  aldehyde reductase ALJV  Alajuela virus ALRI  anterolateral rotatory instability ALK  automated lamellar keratoplasty ALROS  American Laryngological, Rhino- ALK, alk  alkaline; alkylating logical, and Otological Society ALK-P  alkaline phosphatase ALS  acute lateral sclerosis; advanced life ALL  acute lymphoblastic leukemia; acute support; afferent loop syndrome; air leak lymphocytic leukemia; anterolateral liga- syndrome; alkali-labile site; amyotrophic lat- ment; Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering eral sclerosis; angiotensin-like substance; [study] anterolateral sclerosis; anticipated life span; all  allergy, allergic antilymphocyte serum ALLA  acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen ALSD  Alzheimer-like senile dementia ALLHAT  Antihypertensive and Lipid- ALSPAC  Avon Longitudinal Study of Preg- Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart At- nancy and Childhood tack Trial ALS-PD  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis–par- ALLO  atypical Legionella-like organism kinsonism-dementia [complex]  24 AlStVa  Alstroemeria streak virus antibody; antimyosin antibody; antithyroid AL-SV  avian leukosis sarcoma virus microsomal antibody; apocrine membrane ALT  alanine aminotransferase; argon laser antigen; arm muscle area; Australian Medical trabeculoplasty; autolymphocyte therapy; Association avian laryngotracheitis AMACR  α-methylacyl coenzyme A race- AlT  aluminum tartrate mase Alt, alt  aluminum tartrate; alternate; alti- AMA-DE  American Medical Association tude Drug Evaluation ALTB  acute laryngotracheobronchitis AMAL  Aero-Medical Acceleration Labora- ALTE  apparent life-threatening event tory ALTEE  acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester AMAN  acute motor axonal neuropathy Alt. hor.  every other hour [Lat. alternis AMANET, AMA/Net  American Medical horis] Association Network ALTS  acute lumbar traumatic sprain/syn- AMAP  American Medical Accreditation drome Program; as much as possible ALTV  Altamira virus A-MAT  amorphous material ALU  arithmetic and logic unit AMAV  Amapari virus ALV  Abelson leukemia virus; adenolike AMB  amphotericin B; anomalous muscle virus; alveolar, alveolus; American latent bundle; anteromedial bundle; avian myelo- virus; Arracacha latent virus; ascending lum- blastosis bar vein; avian leukosis virus Amb  ambulance; ambulatory, ambulation Alv  alveolar, alveolus amb  ambient; ambiguous; ambulance; am- ALV-A  avian leukosis virus A bulatory ALVAD  abdominal left ventricular assist AMBER  advanced multiple-beam equaliza- device tion radiography; assisted model building ALVAL  aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vas- with energy refinement culitis-associated lesion ambig  ambiguous ALVF  acute left ventricular failure AMBL  acute megakaryoblastic leukemia ALV-HPRS103  avian leukosis virus- AMbL  acute myeloblastic leukemia HPRS103 AMBRE  atraumatic multidirectional bilat- ALV M  alveolar mucosa eral rehabilitation ALVT  aortic and left ventricular tunnel AMBRI  atraumatic, multidirectional bilat- alv vent  alveolar ventilation eral radial instability ALVX  alveolectomy ambul  ambulatory ALW  arch-loop whorl AMBV  Anhembi virus ALWMI  anterolateral wall myocardial in- AMC  academic medical center; acetylmethyl farct carbinol; Animal Medical Center; antibody- AM  Academic Medicine [journal]; actomyo- mediated cytotoxicity; antimalaria campaign; sin; acute myelofibrosis; adult male; adult arm muscle circumference; Army Medical monocyte; aerospace medicine; affected Corps; arthrogryposis multiplex congenita; male; akinetic mutism; alcoholic male; al- ataxia, microcephaly, retardation [syndrome]; veolar macrophage; alveolar mucosa; ama- automated mixture control; axiomesiocervical crine cell; ambulatory; amethopterin; AMCAS  American Medical College Appli- ametropia; ammeter; amperemeter; ampicil- cation Service lin; amplitude modulation; amyl; anovular AMCB  American Midwifery Certification menstruation; anterior mitral leaflet; antimy- Board cotic; arithmetic mean; arousal mechanism; AMCD  Aeromedical Certification Division articular manipulation; aviation medicine; AMCHA  aminomethylcyclohexane-carbox- axiomesial; meter angle; myopic astigmatism ylic acid Am  americium; amnion; amyl aMCI  amnestic mild cognitive impairment A/m  amperes per meter AMCN  anteromedial caudate nucleus A-m2  ampere-square meter AmCPV  Antheraea mylitta cypovirus am  ametropia; amyl; amplitude; meter AMCRA  American Managed Care and Re- angle; myopic astigmatism view Association AMA  against medical advice; alkaline AMCV  avian myelocytomatosis virus membrane assay; American Management As- AMD  acid maltase deficiency; acromandib- sociation; American Medical Association; ular dysplasia; actinomycin D; adrenomy­ analog multiplexer array; antimitochondrial elodystrophy; advance medical directive;  25 age-related macular degeneration; Aleutian AMI  acquired monosaccharide intolerance; mink disease; alpha-methyldopa; Associa- acute myocardial infarction; advanced med- tion for Macular Diseases; axiomesiodistal; ical illness; amitriptyline; anterior myocar- S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase dial–infarction; Argatroban in Myocardial AMDA  American Medical Directors Asso- Infarction [study]; Association of Medical ciation Illustrators; Athletic Motivation Inventory; AMDF  average magnitude difference func- axiomesioincisal tion AMIA  American Medical Informatics As- AMDGF  alveolar macrophage-derived sociation growth factor AMIABLE  Acute Myocardial Infarction An- AMDS  Association of Military Dental gioplasty Bolus Lysis Evaluation Surgeons AMICUS  Austrian Multicenter Isradipine AMDV  Aleutian mink disease virus cum Spirapril Study AME  amphotericin methyl ester; apparent AMIS  Ambulatory Medical Information mineralocorticoid excess; aseptic meningo- System; Aspirin in Myocardial Infarction encephalitis Study; Automated Management Information AMEA  American Medical Electroencepha- System lographic Association AMISTAD  Acute Myocardial Infarction AMEAE  acute monophasic experimental au- Study of Adenosine toimmune encephalomyelitis AMKL  acute megakaryoblastic leukemia AMED  Allied and Complementary Medi- AML  acute monocytic leukemia; acute mu- cine Database; Army Medical Department cosal lesion; acute myeloblastic leukemia; AMEDD  Army Medical Department acute myelocytic leukemia; acute myeloge- AMEDS  Army Medical Service nous leukemia; anatomic medullary locking; AMEGL, AMegL  acute megakaryoblastic angiomyolipoma; anterior mitral leaflet; au- leukemia tomated multitest laboratory AMEND  Aiding Mothers and Fathers Expe- AMLB  alternate monaural loudness balance riencing Neonatal Death AMLC  adherent macrophage-like cell; au- AMES  age, metastasis, extension, size [thy- tologous mixed lymphocyte culture roid tumor] AMLCD  active matrix liquid crystal display AMet  adenosyl-L-methionine AMLR  autologous mixed lymphocyte re- AMETHIST  Ambroxol Efficacy and Tolera- action bility on Hypersecretion, Italian Study AMLS  anti–mouse lymphocyte serum AMEV  Amsacta moorei entomopoxvirus AMLSGA  acute myeloblastic leukemia sur- AMF  antimuscle factor face glycoprotein antigen Amf  amniotic fluid AMM  agnogenic myeloid metaplasia; am- AMFAR, amfAR  American Foundation for monia; antibody to murine cardiac myosin; AIDS Research Association of Medical Microbiologists; AM/FM  automated mapping and facility World Medical Association [Fr. Association management Médicale Mondiale] AMFPI  active matrix flat-panel imager amm  ammonia AMG  alpha-2-macroglobulin; amylogluco- AMML  acute myelomonocytic leukemia sidase; antimacrophage globulin; arterial mi- AMMoL  acute myelomonocytic/myelo- graine grinder; axiomesiogingival monoblastic leukemia A2MG  alpha-2-macroglobulin ammon  ammonia AMGA  American Medical Group Associ- AMN  adrenomyeloneuropathy; alloxazine ation mononucleotide; aminonucleoside; anterior AMH  Accreditation Manual for Hospitals; median nucleus anti-müllerian hormone; automated medical AMNS  aminonucleoside history AMO  assistant medical officer; axiomesio- Amh  mixed astigmatism with myopia pre- occlusal dominating over hyperopia AmO  alarm object AMHA  Association of Mental Health Ad- amo  amorphous ministrators A-mod  amplitude modulation AMHIS  Alberta Mental Health Information A-mode  amplitude mode System AMOG  adhesion molecule on glia AMHT  automated multiphasic health test- AMOL, AMoL  acute monocytic/monoblas- ing tic leukemia  26 amor  amorphous amylase; antimacrophage serum; Army AMP  accelerated mental processes; acid Medical Service; aseptic meningitis syn- mucopolysaccharide; adenosine monophos- drome; Association of Military Surgeons; phate; Aerospace Medical Panel; 2,3-  auditory memory span; automated multipha- aminophenazine; 2-amino-2,1-propanol; sic screening amphetamine; ampicillin; ampule; amputa- ams  amount of a substance tion; average mean pressure AMSA  acridinylamine methanesulfon-m- amp  ampere; amplification; amplitude; am- anisidide; American Medical Society on Al- pule; amputation, amputee coholism; American Medical Students AMPA  alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl- Association; amsacrine 4-isoxazolepropionate; American Medical AMSAODD  American Medical Society on Publishers Association; aminoisopropyl pro- Alcoholism and Other Drug Dependencies pionic acid AMSC  Army Medical Specialist Corps AMPAC  American Medical Association Po- AMSN  Academy of Medical-Surgical litical Action Committee Nurses AMPAR  alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl- AMSP  Association of Medical School Phar- 4-isoxazole propionate receptor macology AMP-c  cyclic adenosine monophosphate AMSPC  Association of Medical School AMPH, amphet  amphetamine Pharmacology Chairs amp-hr  ampere-hour AMSRDC  Army Medical Service Research AMPI  APSAC in Acute Myocardial Infarc- and Development Command tion Placebo-Controlled Investigation AMSU  ambulatory minor surgery unit ampl  large [Lat. amplus] AMSUS  Association of Military Surgeons AMPLE  allergies, medications, past medical of the United States history, last meal, events preceding present AMT  acute miliary tuberculosis; Adenosine condition Scan Multicenter Trial; alpha-methyltyro- A-M pr  Austin-Moore prosthesis sine; American Medical Technologists;  Amp-RT  amplified reverse transcriptase amethopterin; amitriptyline; amniotic mem- AMPS  abnormal mucopolysacchariduria; brane transplantation; amphetamine; anxiety acid mucopolysaccharide management training; atherogenic metabol- AMPT  active mouse protection test; alpha- ic triad methylparatyrosine amt  amount ampul  ampule AMTV  Arumowot virus AMR  acoustic muscle reflex; activity meta- amt/vol  amount/volume bolic rate; acute mitral regurgitation; AMU  Army Medical Unit alopecia–mental retardation [syndrome]; al- amu  atomic mass unit ternate motion rate; alternating motion reflex; AmuLV  Abelson murine leukemia virus; ambulatory medical record amphotrophic murine leukemia virus AMRA  American Medical Record Asso- AMV  alfalfa mosaic virus; apex to mitral ciation valve; assisted mechanical ventilation;  AMRF  American Medical Resources Foun- asteroid mosaic virus; avian myeloblastosis dation virus AMRI  anteromedial rotatory instability AMVF  additive multiattribute value func- AMRL  Aerospace Medical Research Labo- tion ratory AMVI  acute mesenteric vascular insuffi- AMRNL  Army Medical Research and Nutri- ciency tion Laboratory aMVL  anterior mitral valve leaflet AMRO  Amsterdam-Rotterdam Trial Com- AMWA  American Medical Women’s As- paring Excimer Laser and Percutaneous sociation; American Medical Writers Asso- Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty ciation AMRS  ambulatory medical records system; AMX  advanced multiprocessor extension; automated medical record system amoxicillin AMS  ablepharon-microstomia syndrome; AMY, amy  amylase accelerator mass spectrometry; act man- AMyA  antimyocardial antibody agement system; acute mountain sickness; AN  acanthosis nigricans; acetylnitrile; acne adenosylmethionine synthetase; advanced neonatorum; acoustic neuroma; adult, nor- medical system; aggravated in military ser- mal; ala nasi; amyl nitrate; aneurysm; aniso- vice; altered mental status; American Mi- metropia; anode; anorexia nervosa; antenatal; croscopical Society; amount of substance; anterior; antineuraminidase; aseptic necrosis;  27 atmosphere normal; atrionodal; autonomic ANCR  Association of the Nordic Cancer neuropathy; avascular necrosis Registries A/N  antenatal; as needed AND  algoneurodystrophy; anterior nasal An  actinon; anisometropia; anode, anodal; discharge antigen; Aspergillus niger; atmosphere nor- ANDA  Abbreviated New Drug Application mal ANDRO, andro  androsterone An  atmosphere normal ANDTE, AnDTe  anodal duration tetanus ANA  acetylneuraminic acid; American ANDV  Andasibe virus; Andes virus Narcolepsy Association; American Neuro- anes, anesth  anesthesia, anesthetic logical Association; American Nurses Asso- ANESR  apparent norepinephrine secretion ciation; anesthesia; antibody to nuclear rate antigens; antinuclear antibody; aspartyl AnEx, an ex  anodal excitation naphthylamide ANF  alpha-naphthoflavone; American Nurs- A1-NA  A1 area of the nucleus ambiguus es Foundation; antineuritic factor; antinucle- Ana  anaplastic ar factor; atrial natriuretic factor ANAC  Association of Nurses in AIDS AnfaMNPV  Anagrapha falciform multiple Care nucleopolyhedrovirus ANAD  anorexia nervosa with associated ANFO  ammonium nitrate fuel oil [explo- disorders sive] ANAE  alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase ANG  anagrelide; angiogenin; angiogram, ANAG  acute narrow-angle glaucoma angiography; angiotensin AnaINH  anaphylotoxin inhibitor ANG II, ang II  angiotensin II ANAL, anal  analgesia, analgesic; analysis, ang  angiogram, angiography; angle, angu- analytic lar ANAM  automated neuropsychological as- ANGEL  a new global environment for sessment metrics learning ANAP  agglutination negative, absorption ANGFA  anti–nerve growth factor antibody positive [reaction] Ang GR  angiotensin generation rate ANAS  anastomosis; auditory nerve activat- AngHV  anguillid herpesvirus ing substance Angio  angiogram, angiographic, angiog- ANASCD  American Nurses Association raphy Steering Committee on Databases ang pect  angina pectoris anast  anastomosis ANH  academic nursing home ANAT  anatomic structure anh  anhydrous Anat, anat  anatomist, anatomy ANHV  Anhanga virus ANAV  Anopheles A virus AnHV  anatid herpesvirus ANB  alternate nostril breathing; avascular ANI  acute nerve irritation necrosis of bone ANIA  American Nursing Informatics As- ANBN  alpha-nitroso-beta-naphthol sociation; automated nephelometric immu- ANBP  Australian National Blood Pressure noassay [trial] ANIM  animal AN-BP  anorexia nervosa with bingeing/ ANIMAL  automatic nonlinear image match- purging behaviors ing and anatomical labeling ANBV  Anopheles B virus ANIS  Anorexia Nervosa Inventory for Self- ANC  absolute neutrophil count; acid neutral- rating ization capacity; active noise control; adaptive aniso  anisocytosis noise canceler; adult neuronal ceroid; ances- ANIT  alpha-naphthyl-isothiocyanate tor; antigen-neutralizing capacity; Army ANK, Ank  ankyrin Nurse Corps ank  ankle ANC1  ancestor, first level in hierarchy ANL  acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia ANCA  antineutrophilic cytoplasmic anti- ANLI  antibody negative with latent infec- body tion ANCC  American Nurses Credentialing Cen- ANLL  acute nonlymphocytic leukemia ter; anodal closure contraction ANN  Academy of Neonatal Nursing; artifi- AnCC  anodal closure contraction cial neural network ANCHR  Access to National Claims History Ann  annual Repository ANNA  American Nephrology Nurses’ As- ANCL  adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis sociation; antineutrophil nuclear antibody ANCOVA  analysis of covariance ann fib  annulus fibrosus  28 ANNP  artificial neural network processor ANTV  Antequera virus ANOC, AnOC  anodal opening contraction ANT3Y  adenine nucleotide translocator 3 Y ANOCL  anodal opening clonus ANU  artificial neural unit ANOCOVA  analysis of covariance ANuA  antinuclear antibody ANOP  anophthalmia ANUG  acute necrotizing ulcerative gingi- ANOV, ANOVA  analysis of variance vitis ANP  acute necrotizing pancreatitis; adult ANUV  Ananindeua virus nurse practitioner; advanced nurse practitio- ANV  avian nephritis virus ner; ancillary nursing personnel; A-norpro- AnV-S  Aspergillus niger virus S gesterone; atrial natriuretic peptide ANX  annexin ANP-A, -B, -C  atrial natriuretic peptide A, anx  anxiety B, C ANZ  Australia and New Zealand [study] A-NPP  absorbed normal pooled plasma AO  abdominal aorta; abdominally obese; AN-R  restricting anorexia nervosa achievement orientation; acid output; acri- ANRC  American National Red Cross dine orange; adult onset; age of onset; ankle ANRL  antihypertensive neutral renomedul- orthosis; anodal opening; anterior oblique; an- lary lipid tisense oligonucleotide; aorta; aortic opening; ANS  acanthion; American National Stan- arthro-ophthalmopathy; assessment object; ate- dards; American Nimodipine Study;  losteogenesis; atomic orbital; atrioventricular American Nutrition Society; 8-anilino-1-  opening; average optical; axio-occlusal naphthalene-sulfonic acid; anterior nasal Ao  aorta; Aspergillus ochraceus spine; antineutrophilic serum; anti–rat neu- Ao  orifice area trophil serum; Army Nursing Service; arte- A/O  atlantooccipital; alert and oriented rionephrosclerosis; Associate in Nursing A&O  alert and oriented Science; autonomic nervous system AOA  Administration on Aging; Alpha ANSI  American National Standards Insti- Omega Alpha [Honor Medical Society]; tute American Optometric Association; American ANSI-HISPP  American National Standards Orthopedic Association; American Ortho- Institute Healthcare Informatics Standards psychiatric Association; American Osteo- Planning Panel pathic Association; ascending aorta AN-SIR  advice nurse structured implicit re- AoA  age of acquisition view AOA A  amino-oxyacetic acid ANSWER  Agency for Toxic Substances and AOAC  Association of Official Agricultural Disease Registry/National Library of Medi- Chemists cine’s Workstation for Emergency Response AOAC International  Association of Ana- ANT  acoustic noise test; adenine nucleotide lytical Communities translocator; aminonitrothiazole; anterior AOAP  as often as possible ant  anterior; antimycin AoArE  aortic arch epinephrine AntA  antimycin A AOAS  American Osteopathic Academy of antag  antagonist Sclerotherapy ANTENOX  Anticoagulant from Enoxapa- AOB  accessory olfactory bulb; alcohol on rin [study] breath Anth-Gly  anthraquinone-glycine AOBEM  American Osteopathic Board of Anth-IDA  anthraquinone-iminodiacetate Emergency Medicine anti-HBc  antibody to hepatitis B core anti- AOBS  acute organic brain syndrome gen AOC  abridged ocular chart; allyloxycar- anti-HBe  antibody to hepatitis B early anti- bonyl; amyloxycarbonyl; anodal opening gen contraction; area of concern; avoidance- anti-HBs  antibody to hepatitis B surface oriented coping antigen AOCA  American Osteopathic College of anti-PNM Ab  anti–peripheral nerve my- Anesthesiologists elin antibody AOCD  American Osteopathic College of anti-SSA A(X)  anti–silicone surface–asso- Dermatology ciated antigen antibodies AOCl  anodal opening clonus AntLV  Anthriscus latent virus AOCN  advanced oncology certified nurse ANTOP  anorexia nervosa treatment of out- AOCNP  advanced oncology certified nurse patients practitioner ANTR  apparent net transfer rate AOCNS  advanced oncology certified nurse ANTU  alpha-naphthylthiourea specialist  29 AOCP  American Osteopathic College of table; anodal opening tetanus; Association of Pathologists Occupational Therapists AOCPA  American Osteopathic College of AOTA  American Occupational Therapy As- Pathologists sociation AOCPR  American Osteopathic College of AOTe  anodal opening tetanus Proctology AOTF  American Occupational Therapy AOCR  American Osteopathic College of Foundation Radiology; American Osteopathic College of AOU  apparent oxygen utilization Rheumatology AOV  aortic valve AOD  Academy of Operative Dentistry; AoV  aortic valve; Aspergillus ochraceus Academy of Oral Dynamics; adult-onset dia- virus betes; anesthesiologist on duty; arterial oxy- 4-AP  4-aminopyridine gen desaturation; arteriosclerotic occlusive AP  abdominal pain; abdominal pressure; disease; auriculoosteodysplasia abdominoperitoneal; accelerated phase; ac- AODM  adult-onset diabetes mellitus cessory pathway; accounts payable; acid AODME  Academy of Osteopathic Directors phosphatase; acinar parenchyma; action of Medical Education plan; action potential; activator protein; ac- AODP  alcohol and other drug problems tive pepsin; active pressure; acute pancreati- AOE  admission order entry tis; acute phase; acute pneumonia; acute AoE  aortic epinephrine proliferative; adductor pollicis; adenomatous AOHA  American Osteopathic Hospital As- polyposis; adolescent psychiatry; after partu- sociation rition; agno protein; alkaline phosphatase; AoHV  aotine herpesvirus alum precipitated; aminopeptidase; aminopy- AOI  apnea of infancy rine; amyloid P-component; amyloid pep- AoIR  Association of Internet Researchers tide; anatomic profile; angina pectoris; ankle AOIVM  angiographically occult intracrani- pump; antepartal [Lat. ante partum]; anterior al vascular malformation pituitary; anteroposterior; antidromic poten- AOL  acroosteolysis tial; antiplasmin; antipyrine; antiviral pro- AOM  acute otitis media; alternatives of tein; antral peristalsis; aortic pressure; management; arthroophthalmopathy; azoxy- aortopulmonary; apical pulse; apothecary; methane appendectomy; appendicitis; appendix; apu- AOMA  American Occupational Medical rinic acid; apurinic/apyrimidinic; area pos- Association trema; arithmetic progression; arterial AOMP, AoMP  aortic mean pressure pressure; artificial pneumothorax; aspiration AON  anterior olfactory nucleus pneumonia; assessment and plans; associa- AONE  American Organization of Nurse Ex- tion period; atherosclerotic plaque; atrial pac- ecutives ing; atrioventricular pathway; attending AOO  anodal opening odor; atrial asynchro- physician; axiopulpal; before parturition nous [pacemaker] [Lat. ante partum] AOP  anodal opening picture; aortic pres- A-P  anteroposterior sure A&P  anterior and posterior; assessment and AoP  aortic pressure plans; auscultation and percussion AOPA  American Orthotic and Prosthetic A/P  abdominal/perineal; antepartum; asci- Association tes/plasma ratio AOPC  adult outpatient psychotherapy clinic A2 P2  aortic second sound, pulmonary sec- AOPW, AoPW  aortic posterior wall ond sound AOR  adjusted odds ratio; Alvarado Ortho- Ap  apex pedic Research; auditory oculogyric reflex Ap  amount in plasma AORN  Association of Perioperative Regis- aP  acellular pertussis [vaccine] tered Nurses ap  anteroposterior; attachment point AOS  American Ophthalmological Society; APA  action potential amplitude; aldo- American Otological Society; anodal open- sterone-producing adenoma; Ambulatory ing sound; anterior esophageal sensor Pediatric Association; American Pancre- A2-OS  aortic second sound, opening snap atic Association; American Pharmaceutical AOSF  adaptive order statistic filter Association; American Physiotherapy As- AOSSM  American Orthopedic Society for sociation; American Podiatric Association; Sports Medicine American Psychiatric Association; Ameri- AOT  accessory optic tract; acute occlusive can Psychological Association; American thrombus/thrombosis; Anderson Olsson Psychopathological Association; American  30 Psychotherapy Association; aminopenicil- APD  acquired perforating dermatosis; ac- lanic acid; anterior margin of pulmonary ar- tion potential duration; acute polycystic dis- tery; antipernicious anemia; antiphospholipid ease; adult polycystic disease; advanced antibody; antiproliferative antibody; arcuate physical diagnosis; airway pressure discon- premotor area; azidophenacyl nect; anteroposterior diameter; antipsychotic ApA  adenylyl (3′-5′) adenosine; azido- drug; articulation-phonologic disorder; atrial phenacyl premature depolarization; autoimmune pro- APA AP  alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline gesterone dermatitis; automated peritoneal phosphatase dialysis; avalanche photodiodes APAB, APAb  antiphospholipid antibody; APD80  action potential duration at 80% re- azidophenacyl bromide polarization APACHE  Acute Physiology, Age, and A-PD  anteroposterior diameter Chronic Health Evaluation APDb  action potential duration, baseline APACS  analog picture archiving and com- beat munication system APDF  amplitude probability density func- APAF  antipernicious anemia factor tion Apaf-1  apoptotic protease activating factor 1 APDI  Adult Personal Data Inventory APAGBI  Association of Paediatric Anaes- APDIM  Association of Program Directors thetists of Great Britain and Ireland in Internal Medicine APAMI  Asian Pacific Association of Medi- ApDNV  Aedes pseudoscutellaris densovi- cal Informatics rus APAN  Asian-Pacific Advanced Network APDp  action potential duration, premature APAP  acetaminophen; adaptive positive stimulus airway pressure AP-DRG  all patients, diagnosis-related APASS  Antiphospholipid Antibodies in group Stroke Studies APE  acetone powder extract; acute polio- APASTB  Asia Pacific Association of Surgi- encephalitis; acute psychotic episode; acute cal Tissue Banking pulmonary edema; airway pressure excur- APB  abductor pollicis brevis; atrial prema- sion; aminophylline, phenobarbital, and ture beat ephedrine; anterior pituitary extract; asthma APBD  adult polyglucosan body disease of physical effort; avian pneumoencepha­ APBI  accelerated partial breast irradiation litis APC  acetylsalicylic acid, phenacetin, and APECED  autoimmune polyendocrinopathy- caffeine; activated protein C; adenoidal candidiasis–ectodermal dysplasia; autoimmune pharyngeal conjunctival; adenomatous pol- polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis–ectodermal yposis coli; allophyocyanin; all-purpose dystrophy capsule; angiotensin presenting cell; antigen- ApEn  approximate entropy presenting cell; antiphlogistic corticoid; APES  aminopropyltriethoxysilane aortopulmonary collateral artery; aperture APEUV  Apeu virus current; apneustic center; argon plasma co- APEX  automatic programmable electronic agulation; aspirin-phenacetin-caffeine; atrial matrix premature contraction; autologous platelet APF  acidulated phosphofluoride; adaptive concentrate pattern filtering; American Psychological aPC  activated protein C Foundation; anabolism-promoting factor; ApCAM  aplasia cell adhesion molecule animal protein factor; antiperinuclear factor; APCC  aspirin-phenacetin-caffeine-codeine assigned protection factor APCD  acquired prothrombin complex defi- APG  acid-precipitated globulin; air pleth- ciency [syndrome]; adult polycystic disease ysmography; ambulatory patient group;  APCF  acute pharyngoconjunctival fever animal pituitary gonadotropin; antegrade  APCG  apex cardiogram pyelography Ap4CH  apical four-chamber plane APGAR  American Pediatric Gross Assess- APCKD  adult-type polycystic kidney dis- ment Record ease APGL  alkaline phosphatase activity of gran- APCO  arterial pressure-based cardiac out- ular leukocytes put APGO  Association of Professors of Gyne- ApCPV  Anaitis plagiata cypovirus; Anther- cology and Obstetrics aea pernyi cypovirus APH  alcohol-positive history; alternative APC-R, APCR  activated protein-C resis- pathway hemolysis; aminoglycoside phos- tance photransferase; antepartum hemorrhage;  31 anterior pituitary hormone; Association of alternating pressure mattress; anterior pap- Private Hospitals illary muscle; anteroposterior movement; Aph  aphasia apical plasma membrane; aspartame; Asso- APHA  American Protestant Hospital Asso- ciation of Professors of Medicine ciation; American Public Health Association APMA  American Podiatric Medical Asso- APhA  American Pharmacists Association ciation APHEA  Air Pollution in Health, European APML  acute promyelocytic leukemia Approach APMOMS  Advisory Panel on the Mission APHIS  Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Organization of Medical Schools Service APMoV  Andean potato mottle virus APHL  Association of Public Health Labora- APMR  Association for Physical and Mental tories Retardation APHON  Association of Pediatric Hematol- APMV  avian paramyxovirus ogy and Oncology Nurses ApMV  apple mosaic virus APHP  anti-Pseudomonas human plasma APN  acute pyelonephritis; advanced prac- API  active pharmaceutical ingredient; alka- tice nurse; Alliance for Psychosocial Nurs- line protease inhibitor; Analytical Profile ing; average peak noise Index; annual parasitological index; applica- APNA  American Psychiatric Nurses Asso- tion program interface; applications pro- ciation gramming interface; arterial pressure index; APNCU  adequacy of prenatal care utiliza- atmospheric pressure ionization; Autonomy tion Preference Index APNH  antiporter sodium-hydrogen ion APIC  Acenocoumarin vs. Pentoxifylline in APO  abductor pollicis obliquus; acquired Intermittent Claudication [trial]; Association pendular oscillation; Adriamycin, predni- for Practitioners in Infection Control; Asso- sone, vincristine; adverse patient occurrence; ciation for Professionals in Infection Control aphoxide; apolipoprotein; apomorphine; apo- and Epidemiology protein APIE  assessment, plan, implementation, and Apo, apo  apolipoprotein evaluation APOA, apoA  apolipoprotein A APIM  Association Professionnelle Interna- APOB, apoB  apolipoprotein B tionale des Médecins APOC  African Program for Onchocerciasis APIP  additional personal injury protection Control; apolipoprotein C APIS  Antihypertensive Patch, Italian Study apoC  apolipoprotein C APIVR  artificial pacemaker-induced ven- APOE, apoE  apolipoprotein E tricular rhythm APOIV  Apoi virus aPKC  atypical protein kinase C APOJ, apoJ  apolipoprotein J APKD  adult-onset polycystic kidney dis- APORF  acute postoperative renal failure ease apoth  apothecary APL  abductor pollicis longus; accelerated APP  abdominal perfusion pressure; acute painless labor; acute promyelocytic leuke- phase protein; alum-precipitated pyridine; mia; animal placenta lactogen; anterior aminopyrazolopyrimidine; amyloid peptide pituitary–like; anterior pulmonary leaflet precursor; amyloid precursor protein; anti- aPL  antiphospholipid platelet plasma; aqueous procaine penicillin; A-P&L  anteroposterior and lateral automated physiologic profile; average pixel APLA, aPLA  antiphospholipid antibody projection; avian pancreatic polypeptide APLAUD  Antiplatelet Useful Dose [trial] App, app  appendix APLAUSE  Antiplatelet Treatment After In- APPA  American Psychopathological Asso- travascular Ultrasound Guided Optimal Stent ciation; 4-aminophenylacetic acid Expansion [trial] appar  apparatus APLP  amyloid precursor–like protein APPC  application/advanced program-to- APLPV  American plum line pattern virus program communication APLS  advanced pediatric life support; an- APPCPT  atom and physicochemical prop- tiphospholipid antibody syndrome erty class pair and torsion APLV  Andean potato latent virus APPCR, AP-PCR  arbitrarily primed poly- APM  Academy of Parapsychology and merase chain reaction Medicine; Academy of Physical Medicine; APPG  aqueous procaine penicillin G Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine; APPI  Active Persantine in Postischemic In- acid precipitable material; admission pat- jury [study] tern monitoring; affected pedigree member; appl  appliance; application, applied  32 APPROACH  Alberta Provincial Project for ApSDs  apical suction devices Outcomes Assessment in Coronary Heart APSF  Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation Disease APSGN  acute poststreptococcal glomerulo- approp  appropriate nephritis approx  approximate APSIS  Angina Prognosis Study in Stock- APPS  amyloid precursor protein secretase holm; Angina Prognosis Study with Isoptin APPT  Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool and Seloken [trial] Appt, appt  appointment APSP  assisted peak systolic pressure appx  appendix APSQ  Abbreviated Patient Symptom Ques- appy  appendectomy tionnaire APR  abdominoperineal resection; absolute APSS  anterior pull skin stretch; Associated proximal reabsorption; acute phase reaction/ Professional Sleep Societies; Association for reactant; air-purifying respirator; amebic the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep prevalence rate; anatomic porous replace- APSU  Australian Paediatric Surveillance ment; anterior pituitary reaction; average Unit payment rate APT  Ablate and Pace Trial; alum-precipitated APRAISE  Antisense to Prevent Restenosis toxoid; aminophenylthioether; antiplatelet After Intervention, Stent Evaluation [trial] trials; applied potential tomography; auto- aprax  apraxia matic peak tracing APRI  aspartate aminotransferase/platelet APTA  American Physical Therapy Asso- ratio index ciation APRICOT  Antithrombotics in the Preven- APTD  Aid to Permanently and Totally tion of Reocclusion in Coronary Thromboly- Disabled sis [trial]; Aspirin vs Coumadin Trial; Aspirin APTES  γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane vs Coumadin in the Prevention of Reocclu- APTF  American Physical Therapy Founda- sion and Recurrent Ischemia After Success- tion ful Thrombolysis Trial APTH  ambulatory blood pressure monitor- APRL  American Prosthetic Research Labo- ing and treatment of hypertension ratory APTI  airway pressure time index APRN  advanced practice registered nurse APTT, aPTT  activated partial thromboplas- AProL  acute promyelocytic leukemia tin time APRP  acidic proline-rich protein; acute APUD  amine precursor uptake and decar- phase reactant protein boxylation APRT  adenine phosphoribosyl transferase APV  abnormal posterior vector; Acyrthosi- APRV  airway pressure release ventilation phon pisum virus; amprenavir APS  acute physiology score; adenosine aPV  acellular pertussis vaccine phosphosulfate; advanced photon source; APVC  anomalous pulmonary venous con- American Pain Society; American Pediatric nection Society; American Physiological Society; APVT  acute portal vein thrombosis American Proctologic Society; American APW  alkaline peptone water Prosthodontic Society; American Psycho- APWS  attending physician work station logical Society; American Psychosomatic AQ  achievement quotient; acoustic quantifi- Society; aminopropylsilane; ammonium cation; anthraquinone; any quantity; aphasia persulfate; analog processing stage; annual quotient; autism-spectrum quotient person summary; antiphospholipid antibody aq  aqueous; water [Lat. aqua] syndrome; attending physician’s statement; AQAB  acquired abnormality Australian Psychological Society; autoim- AQCESS  Automated Quality of Care Evalu- mune polyglandular syndrome; automated ation Support System patent system; average pain sensitivity; AQIS  Australian Quarantine and Inspection prostate-specific antigen Service APSA  American Pediatric Surgical Asso- AQL  acceptable quality level ciation AQLQ  Asthma Quality of Life Question- APsaA  American Psychoanalytic Associa- naire tion AQMS  acute quadriplegic myopathy syn- APSAC  acylated plasminogen-streptokinase drome activator complex; anisoylated plasminogen- AQP  aquaporin streptokinase activator complex AQS  additional qualifying symptoms APSD  aerodynamic particle size distribu- AQSIQ  Administration of Quality Supervi- tion; aorticopulmonary septal defect sion, Inspection, and Quarantine  33 aqu  aqueous anomalous retinal correspondence; antigen AR  absolute risk; acceptable risk; accounts reactive cell; arcuate; Arthritis Rehabilitation receivable; achievement ratio; acrosome re- Center; arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, action; actinic reticuloid [syndrome]; active cholestasis [syndrome]; Association for Re- resistance; acute rejection; acute relapse; ad- tarded Children; Association for Retarded herence ratio; admission rate; admitting Citizens; atypical reparative changes; auto- room; adrenergic receptor; adrenodoxin re- matic exposure control ductase; airway resistance; alarm reaction; ARCA  acquired red cell aplasia alcohol related; alkali reserve; allergic rhini- ARCD  age-related cognitive decline; tis; allowance region; alloy restoration; am- alcohol-related cognitive disorder bulance report; amphiregulin; amplitude ARCH  Amiodarone Reduces Coronary Ar- ratio; analytical reagent; androgen receptor; tery Bypass Grafting Hospitalization [trial]; anterior root; aortic regurgitation; apical- automated record for child health radial; Argyll Robertson [pupil]; aromatase; ARCI  Addiction Research Center Inventory arsphenamine; articulare; artificial respira- ARCOS  Auckland Region Coronary or tion; ascorbate reductase; assisted respira- Stroke [study] tion; at risk; atrial rate; atrial reversal; ARCS  Associate of the Royal College of atrophic rhinitis; augmented reality; autora- Science; Atherosclerosis Risk in Communi- diography; autoregressive; autosomal reces- ties Study sive ARC-ST  Accreditation Review Council for A1R  adenosine A1 receptor Educational Programs in Surgical Technol- A/R  apical/radial ogy A&R  advised and released ARD  absolute reaction of degeneration; Ar  argon; articulare acute radiation disease; acute respiratory dis- Ar  relative atomic mass ease; adult respiratory distress; allergic respi- ar  aromatic ratory disease; ancillary report display; ARA  Academy of Rehabilitative Audiology; anorectal dressing; aortic root diameter; ar- Academy of Rehabilitative Audiometry; thritis and rheumatic disease; atopic respira- acetylene reduction activity; adenine regulat- tory disease ing agent; American Rheumatism Associa- AR-DLMD  autosomal recessive Duchenne- tion; anorectal agenesis; anorectal angle; like muscular dystrophy antireticulin antibody; aortic root angiogram; ARDMS  American Registry of Diagnostic arabinose; Associate of the Royal Academy; Medical Sonographers Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly ARDS  acute respiratory distress syndrome; ara  arabinose adult respiratory distress syndrome ara-A  adenine arabinoside ARE  active-resistive exercises; AIDS-relat- Ara-C  arabinosylcytidine ed encephalitis; antioxidant response ele- ara-C  cytosine arabinose; cytosine arabi- ment noside AREDS  Age-Related Eye Disease Study ARAL  adjustment reaction to adult life AREDYLD  acrorenal field defect, ectoder- ARAM  antigen recognition activation motif mal dysplasia, lipoatrophic diabetes [syn- ARAMIS  American Rheumatism Associa- drome] tion Medical Information System AREPA  acetazolamide-responsive familial ARAO  angiographic area of right anterior paroxysmal ataxia oblique projection ARES  antireticuloendothelial serum ARAS  ascending reticular activating system ARF  acute renal failure; acute respiratory ARAT  Action Research Arm Test failure; acute rheumatic fever; Addiction Re- ara-U  arabinosyluracil search Foundation; ambulance report form; ARAV  Araguari virus area resource file ARB  adrenergic receptor binder; angioten- ARFC  active rosette-forming T-cell; autolo- sin receptor blocker gous rosette-forming cell arb  arbitrary unit ARFD  acrorenal field defect ARBD  alcohol-related birth defects ARFI  acoustic radiation force impulse ARBV  Arbia virus ARFI-SWS  acoustic radiation force impulse ARC  absolute reticulocyte count; accelerat- shear wave speed ing rate calorimetry; Accreditation Review AR-FSP  autosomal recessive familial spas- Council; acquired immunodeficiency syn- tic paraplegia drome [AIDS]–related complex; active  ARG, Arg  arginine renin concentration; American Red Cross; arg  arginine; silver [Lat. argentum]  34 ARGAMI  Argatroban Compared with Hep- ARNSHL  autosomal recessive non- arin in Myocardial Infarction Treated with syndromic hearing loss Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator ARNT  aryl hydrocarbon nuclear transloca- [study] tor; aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear trans- ARGS  antitrypsin-related gene sequence locator ArGV  Artogeia rapae granulovirus ARNV  Aruana virus ARI  absolute risk increase; activation- ARO  adjusted relative odds; Association for recovery interval; acute renal insufficiency; Research in Ophthalmology acute respiratory illness or infection; airway AROA  autosomal recessive ocular albinism reactivity index; aldolase reductase inhibitor; AROAV  Aroa virus annual rate of infection; anxiety reaction, in- AROM  active range of motion; artificial tense rupture of membranes ARIA  acetylcholine receptor–inducing ac- arom  aromatic tivity; allergic rhinitis and its impact on ARP  absolute refractory period; address asthma; automated radioimmunoassay resolution protocol; American Registry of ARIC  acrosome reaction ionophore chal- Pathologists; American Registry of Patholo- lenge [test]; Atherosclerosis Risk in Com- gy; anticipated recovery path; apolipoprotein munities [study] regulatory protein; assay reference plasma; ARIF  Aggressive Research Intelligence Fa- assimilation regulatory protein; atrial refrac- cility tory period; at-risk period; automaticity re- ARIMA  autoregressive integrated moving covery phase average ARPA  Advanced Research Projects Agen- ARIN  Association for Radiologic and Imag- cy; anterior lateral retroperitoneal approach ing Nursing ARPANET  Advanced Research Projects ARIS  Andrology Research Information Sys- Agency Network tem; Anturan Reinfarction Italian Study; ARPC  Akaike relative power contribution autoregulated inspiratory support ARPD  autosomal recessive polycystic dis- ARJ  anorectal junction ease Ar Kr  argon-krypton [laser] ARPES  angular resolved photoelectron ARKV  Arkonam virus spectroscopy ARL  Association of Research Libraries; av- ARPKD  autosomal recessive polycystic erage remaining lifetime kidney disease ARLD  alcohol-related liver disease ARPT  American Registry of Physical Ther- AR-LGMD  autosomal recessive limb-girdle apists muscular dystrophy ARR  absolute risk reduction; aldoste- ArLV  artichoke latent virus rone/renin ratio; aortic root replacement ArLVM  artichoke latent virus M arr  arrest, arrested ArLVS  artichoke latent virus S ARRC  Associate of the Royal Red Cross ARM  adrenergic receptor material; advanced ARREST  Amiodarone in Out-of-Hospital respiratory mechanics; aerosol rebreathing Resuscitation of Refractory Sustained Ven- method; ambulatory renal monitor; anorectal tricular Tachyarrhythmia; Amsterdam Resus- manometry; anxiety reaction, mild; arginine- citation Study rich motif; Armenian [hamster]; artificial rup- ARRP  autosomal recessive retinitis pig- ture of membranes; associations rule mining mentosa [algorithm]; atomic resolution microscopy ARRS  American Roentgen Ray Society ARMA  autoregressive moving average ARRT  American Registry of Radiologic ARMD  age-related muscle degeneration; Technologists age-related macular degeneration ARS  acquiescence response scale; acute ra- ARMS  access by radial artery multilink diation sickness/syndrome; adult Reye syn- stent; adverse reaction monitoring system; drome; alcohol-related seizure; alizarin red amplification refractory mutation system S; American Radium Society; American Rhi- ARMV  Arumateua virus nologic Society; antirabies serum; arsphena- ARN  acute renal necrosis; acute retinal ne- mine; arylsulfatase; Atherogenic Risk Study; crosis; arcuate nucleus; Association of Reha- autonomously replicating sequence bilitation Nurses Ars  arsphenamine ARNMD  Association for Research in Ner- ARSA  American Reye’s Syndrome Associa- vous and Mental Diseases tion; arylsulfatase A ARNP  Advanced Registered Nurse Practi- ARSAC  Administration of Radioactive Sub- tioner stances Advisory Committee  35 ARSACS  autosomal recessive spastic ataxia spondylitis; anovulatory syndrome; anterior  of Charlevoix-Saguenay synechia; anteroseptal; anterosuperior; an- ARSB  arylsulfatase B tiserum; antisocial; antistreptolysin; antral ARSC  arylsulfatase C; Associate of the spasm; anxiety state; aortic sound; aortic Royal Society of Chemistry stenosis; approaching significance; aqueous ARSM  acute respiratory system malfunc- solution; aqueous suspension; archives serv- tion er; area of stenosis; arteriosclerosis; artificial ARSPH  Associate of the Royal Society for sweetener; aseptic meningitis; asparagine the Promotion of Health synthetase; Asperger syndrome; assisted sui- ART  absolute retention time; abuse-related cide; astigmatism; asymmetric; atheroscle- technology; Accredited Record Technician; rosis; atrial septum; atrial stenosis; atropine Achilles reflex time; acoustic reflex test; sulfate; audiogenic seizure; AutoSuture; left acoustic reflex threshold; adaptive resonance ear [Lat. auris sinistra] theory; algebraic reconstruction technique; As  arsenic; astigmatism; asymptomatic AngioJet Rapid Thrombectomy Catheter A(s)  asplenia syndrome [study]; antiretroviral therapy; artery; assist- A·s  ampere second ed reproductive technique; automated radia- A/s  ampere per second tion therapy; automated reagin test; As  shifted ligand concentration automaticity recovery time aS  absiemens art  arterial, artery; articulation; artificial as  left ear [Lat. auris sinistra] ARTF  artificial ASA  acetylsalicylic acid; active systemic arth  arthritis anaphylaxis; acute severe asthma; Adams- artic  articulated, articulation Stokes attack; ambulatory services architec- artif  artificial ture; American Society of Anesthesiologists; ARTIS  HIV/AIDS Treatment Information American Standards Association; American Service Surgical Association; aminosalicylic acid; ARTISTIC  Angiorad Radiation Technology anterior spinal artery; antibody to surface for In-Stent Restenosis Trial in Coronaries antigen; argininosuccinic acid; arylsulfatase- ARTMAP  adaptive resonance theory map- A; aspirin-sensitive asthma; asthma–nasal ping polyps–aspirin intolerance Art O2  arterial oxygen flow ASA AC  Acetylsalicylic Acid Aorto- ARTS  Arterial Revascularization Therapies Coronary Bypass Surgery; Acetylsalicylic Study Acid vs. Anticoagulants [study] ARU  arthritis rehabilitation unit ASA AD  American Society for the Advance- ARUAV  Aruac virus ment of Anesthesia in Dentistry ARV  Adelaide River virus; AIDS related ASABs  antisperm antibodies virus; anterior right ventricle; antiretroviral; ASAC  acidified serum–acidified comple- avian orthoreovirus; avian reovirus ment ARV-A, to -F  Aquareoviruses A to F ASAH  antibiotic-sterilized aortic valve ho- ARVC  arrhythmogenic right ventricular car- mograft diomyopathy ASAHP  American Society of Allied Health ARVD  arrhythmogenic right ventricular Professions dysplasia ASAIO  American Society for Artificial In- ARVO  Association for Research in Vision ternal Organs and Ophthalmology. ASAL  arginosuccinic acid lyase ARVP  arginine-vasopressin ASAM  American Society of Addiction ARX  autoregressive with exogenous input Medicine [model] ASAP  Academic Strategic Alliance Pro- AS  above scale; absence of seizures; ac- gram; Acetylsalicylic Acid Persantine cess service; acetylstrophanthidin; acidi- [study]; American Society for Adolescent fied serum; acoustic schwannoma; acoustic Psychology; apparatus for sensing accuracy stimulation; active sarcoidosis; active sleep; of position; arbitrary signatures from ampli- active surveillance; Adams-Stokes [syn- fication profiles; Areawide Stroke Awareness drome]; adolescent suicide; aerosol sensi- Program; as soon as possible; Azimilide Su- tivity; aerosol sensitization; allele-specific; praventricular Arrhythmia Program [trial] Alport syndrome; alveolar sac; amphetamine ASAPS  American Society of Aesthetic Plas- sulfate; amyloid substance; anabolic steroid; tic Surgery anal sphincter; androsterone sulfate; Angel- ASAS  Anderson Symptom Assessment man syndrome; angiosarcoma; ankylosing Scale; argininosuccinate synthetase  36 ASAT  aspartate aminotransferase ASCP  American Society of Clinical Pathol- ASB  American Society of Bacteriologists; ogists; American Society of Consultant Phar- anencephaly–spina bifida [syndrome]; anes- macists thesia standby; Anxiety Scale for the Blind; AsCPV  Actias selene cypovirus; Agrotis asymptomatic bacteriuria segetum cypovirus ASBE  Applied Spinal Biomechanical Engi- ASCR  American Society of Chiropodical neering [techniques] Roentgenology ASBH  American Society for Bioethics and ASCRS  American Society of Colon and Humanities Rectal Surgeons ASBMT  American Society for Blood and ASCS  admissions scheduling system Marrow Transplantation ASCT  American Society for Cytotechnolo- ASBS  American Society for Bariatric Sur- gy; autologous stem cell transplantation gery ASCUS  atypia of squamous cells of unde- ASC  acetylsulfanilyl chloride; acute suppu- termined significance rative cholangitis; altered state of conscious- ASCUS-H  atypical squamous cell of unde- ness; ambulatory surgical center; American termined significance, high-grade squamous Society of Cytopathology; anterior subcapsu- intraepithelial lesion lar cataract; antibody-secreting cell; antigen- ASCUS-L  atypical squamous cell of unde- sensitive cell; apoptosis-associated speck-like termined significance, low-grade squamous protein with a caspase-recruitment domain; intraepithelial lesion ascorbate, ascorbic acid; asthma symptom ASCVD  arteriosclerotic cardiovascular dis- checklist; auditory sequence comparison; au- ease; atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease tomatic sensitivity control ASD  adaptive seating device; aldosterone asc  anterior subcapsular; ascending secretion defect; Alzheimer senile demen- ASCA  anti–Saccharomyces cerevisiae anti- tia; antisiphon device; argininosuccinic body acid synthetase deficiency; arthritis syphi- ASCAD  atherosclerotic coronary artery dis- litica deformans; arthroscopic subacromial ease decompression; atrial septal defect; autism AscAo  ascending aorta spectrum disorder; autistic spectrum disor- ASCB  Asymptomatic Cervical Bruit [study] der, autism spectrum disorder ASCH  American Society of Clinical Hyp- ASDA  American Sleep Disorders Associa- nosis tion ASCI  Accelerated Strategic Computing ASDB  Active Substance Database; Annota- Initiative; acute spinal cord injury; Ameri- tion and Similarity [protein] Database can Society for Clinical Investigation;  ASDC  American Society of Dentistry for automated stress relaxation and creep in- Children; Association of Sleep Disorders dentation Centers ASCIA  American Spinal Cord Injury Asso- A-SDC  anomaly–symptomatic deformity ciation complex ASCII  American Standard Code for Infor- ASDE  Accelerated Strategic Computing Ini- mation Interchange tiative [ASCI] Simulation Development En- ASCIPRO  Academy of Spinal Cord Injury vironment Professionals ASDH  acute subdural hematoma/hemor- ASCLS  American Society for Clinical Labo- rhage ratory Science ASDOS  Atrial Septal Defect Occlusion Sys- ASCLT  American Society of Clinical Labo- tem [study] ratory Technicians ASDP  anal sphincter dysplasia ASCMS  American Society of Contempo- ASDS  American Society for Dermatological rary Medicine and Surgery Surgery ASCN  American Society for Clinical Nu- ASE  acute stress erosion; American Society trition of Electrocardiography; application service ASCO  American Society of Clinical Oncol- element; axilla, shoulder, and elbow ogy; American Society of Contemporary ASES  American Shoulder and Elbow Sur- Ophthalmology geons ASCOT  Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Out- ASEX  Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale comes Trial; a severity characterization of ASF  African swine fever; aniline-sulfur- trauma formaldehyde ASCOTA  American Student Committee of ASFR  age-specific fertility rate the Occupational Therapy Association ASFV  African swine fever virus  37 ASG  advanced cell group; American Soci- ASHRM  American Society for Healthcare ety for Genetics; Army Surgeon General; Risk Management aspermatogenesis ASHT  American Society of Hand Therapists ASGBI  Association of Surgeons of Great ASHV  Arctic squirrel hepatitis virus Britain and Ireland ASI  activated stroma index; Addiction Se- ASGD  American Society for Geriatric Den- verity Index; anxiety state inventory; anxiety tistry status inventory; arthroscopic screw installa- ASGE  American Society for Gastrointesti- tion nal Endoscopy a-Si  amorphous silicon ASGP  asialoglycoprotein ASIA  American Spinal Cord Injury Associa- AS/GP  antiserum, guinea pig tion; American Spinal Injury Association ASGR  asialoglycoprotein receptor ASIC  acid-sensing ion channel; application- ASH  Action on Smoking and Health; specific integrated circuit aldosterone-stimulating hormone; alkylosing aSi/CsI  cesium iodide and amorphous sili- spinal hyperostosis; American Society of He- con matology; antistreptococcal hyaluronidase; ASIF  Association for Study of Internal asymmetric septal hypertrophy Fixation A&Sh  arm and shoulder ASII  American Science Information Insti- AsH  astigmatism, hypermetropic tute ASHA  American School Health Associa- ASIM  American Society of Internal Med- tion; American Social Health Association; icine American Speech-Language-Hearing Asso- ASIP  American Society for Investigative ciation Pathology; atypical protein kinase C isotype- ASHAC  AIDS self-help and care specific interacting protein ASHBEAMS  American Society of Hospital- ASIPP  American Society of Interventional Based Emergency Aeromedical Services Pain Physicians ASHBM  Associate Scottish Hospital Bu- ASIR  age-standardized incidence rate reau of Management ASIS  American Society for Information ASHCRM  American Society of Health Care Science; American Study of Infarct Survival; Risk Managers Angina and Silent Ischemia Study; anterior ASHCSP  American Society for Healthcare superior iliac spine; average severity of Central Service Personnel index score ASHCVD  atherosclerotic hypertensive car- ASIST  Atenolol Silent Ischemia Trial diovascular disease ASIS&T  American Society for Information ASHD  arteriosclerotic heart disease; atrio- Science and Technology septal heart disease ASK  anomalous state of knowledge; anti- ASHE  American Society for Healthcare En- streptokinase; Australian Streptokinase [trial] gineering ASKAS  Aging Sexual Knowledge and At- ASHET  American Society for Health Man- titude Scale power Education and Training ASL  angiosarcoma of liver; antistreptolysin; ASHFSA  American Society for Healthcare argininosuccinate lyase Food Service Administrators ASLIB  Association of Special Libraries and ASHG  American Society for Human Ge- Information Bureau netics ASLME  American Society of Law, Medicine ASHHRA  American Society for Healthcare & Ethics Human Resources Administration ASLN  Alport syndrome–like hereditary ne- ASHI  Association for the Study of Human phritis Infertility ASLO  antistreptolysin O ASHL  Association of Scottish Health Sci- ASLT  antistreptolysin test ence Librarians ASLV  avian sarcoma and leukosis virus ASHM  Australasian Society for HIV Medi- ASM  acid sphingomyelinase; active shape cine model; age-specific mortality; airway smooth ASHN  acute sclerosing hyaline necrosis muscle; American Society for Microbiology; AS/Ho  antiserum, horse angular second moment; anterior scalenus ASHP  American Society for Hospital Plan- muscle; areola-sparing mastectomy ning; American Society of Health-System AsM  astigmatism, myopic Pharmacists asm  age-specific mortality ASHPA  American Society for Hospital Per- ASMA  Aerospace Medical Association; sonnel Administration anti–smooth muscle antibody  38 ASMBS  American Society for Metabolic ASPD  anterior superior pancreaticoduode- and Bariatric Surgery nal artery; antisocial personality disorder ASMC  arterial smooth muscle cell ASPDM  American Society of Psychoso- ASMD  anterior segment mesenchymal dys- matic Dentistry and Medicine genesis; atonic sclerotic muscle dystrophy ASPECT  Anticoagulants in Secondary Pre- ASME  Association for the Study of Medical vention of Events in Coronary Thrombosis; Education approach to systematic planning and evalua- ASMI  anteroseptal myocardial infarct tion of clinical trials As/Mk  antiserum, monkey ASPEN  American Society for Parenteral ASMPA  Armed Services Medical Procure- and Enteral Nutrition ment Agency ASPG  antispleen globulin ASMR  age-standardized mortality ratio ASP  active server processor ASMS  archival [imaging] storage manage- AS/PI  anterior superior/posterior inferior ment system ASPIRE  Action on Secondary Prevention by ASMT  acetylserotonin methyltransferase; Intervention to Reduce Events American Society for Medical Technology ASPM  American Society of Paramedics ASMTY  acetylserotonin methyltransferase Y ASPMA  American Society of Podiatric ASN  abstract syntax notation; alkali-soluble Medical Assistants nitrogen; American Society of Nephrology; ASPMN  American Society of Pain Man- American Society of Neurochemistry; arte- agement Nurses riosclerotic nephritis; asparagine; Associate ASPO  American Society for Psychoprophy- of Science in Nursing laxis in Obstetrics; American Society of Pe- Asn, asn  asparagine diatric Otolaryngology ASO  administrative services only; AIDS ASPP  American Society of Psychoanalytic service organization; allele-specific oligonu- Physicians; Association for Sane Psychiatric cleoside; antistreptolysin O; arteriosclerosis Practices obliterans ASPREN  Australian Sentinel Practice Re- ASOD  anterior segmental ocular dysgenesis search Network AS ON  antisense oligonucleotide ASPRS  American Society of Plastic and Re- ASOS  American Society of Oral Surgeons constructive Surgeons ASOT  antistreptolysin-O test ASPS  advanced sleep phase syndrome; al- ASP  abnormal spinal posture; active server veolar soft-part sarcoma; American Society page; active server processor; acute suppura- of Plastic Surgeons; Australian-Swedish Pin- tive parotitis; acute symmetric polyarthritis; dolol Study affected sibling pair; African swine pox; aged ASPSN  American Society of Plastic Surgi- substrate plasma; alkali-stable pepsin; Amer- cal Nurses ican Society of Parasitologists; amnesic ASPSOM  adaptive structure probabilistic shellfish poisoning; ankle systolic pressure; self-organizing map ankylosing spondylitis; anorectal malforma- ASPVD  atherosclerotic peripheral vascular tion, sacral bony abnormality, presacral mass disease; atherosclerotic pulmonary vascular [association]; antibody-specific prediction; disease antisocial personality; aortic systolic pres- ASQ  Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire; sure; application service provider; area sys- Anxiety Scale Questionnaire tolic pressure; asparaginase; aspartic acid; ASR  adrenal/spleen ratio; age-standardized average sales price rate; aldosterone secretion rate; antistreptoly- Asp  asparaginase; aspartic acid sin reaction; articular surface repair; auto- asp  aspartame; aspartate; aspartic acid; as- mated speech recognition piration; automatic signal processing ASRA  American Society of Regional Anes- ASPA  American Society of Physician Ana- thesia lysts; American Society of Podiatric Assis- AS/Rab  antiserum, rabbit tants; aspartoacylase ASRM  American Society for Reproductive ASPAC  Asia-Pacific [study] Medicine ASPAN  American Society of Perianesthe- ASRS  Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale sia Nurses ASRT  American Society of Radiologic ASPAT  antistreptococcal group A polysac- Technologists; American Society of Regis- charide test tered Technologists ASPCR, AS-PCR  allele-specific polymerase ASS  Aarskog-Scott syndrome; acute serum chain reaction sickness; acute spinal stenosis; acute stroke  39 study; anterior superior spine; argininosuc- ASTNA  Air and Surface Transport Nurses cinate synthetase; Auckland Stroke Study Association ASSA, ASSAS  aminopterin-like syndrome ASTO  antistreptolysin O without aminopterin as tol  as tolerated ASSC  acute splenic sequestration crisis ASTPHND  Association of State and Ter­ AS-SCORE  age, stage of disease, physio- ritorial Public Health and Nutrition Direc- logical system involved, complications, re- tors sponse to therapy ASTRO  American Society for Radiation ASSENT  Assessment of the Safety and Ef- Oncology; American Society for Therapeutic ficacy of a New Thrombolytic Agent Radiology and Oncology ASSERT  Alcohol and Substance Abuse Ser- AstV  Astrovirus vices and Educating Providers to Refer Pa- ASTZ  antistreptozyme tients to Treatment ASUB  active substance ASSET  Anglo-Scandinavian Study of Early ASV  anodic stripping voltammetry; antisi- Thrombolysis; Atorvastatin Simvastatin phon valve; anti–snake venom; autologous Safety and Efficacy Trial saphenous vein; avian sarcoma virus ASSH  American Society for Surgery of ASV-CT10  avian sarcoma virus CT10 the Hand ASVO  American Society of Veterinary ASSI  Accurate Surgical and Scientific In- Ophthalmology struments ASVPP  American Society of Veterinary ASSIA  Applied Social Science Index and Physiologists and Pharmacologists Abstracts ASVS  arterial stimulation venous sampling assim  assimilate, assimilation ASW  artificial sweetener ASSIST  American Stop Smoking Interven- ASWC  averaged spike and wave complex tion Study Asx  amino acid that gives aspartic acid after ASSO  American Society for the Study of hydrolysis; asymptomatic Orthodontics asym  asymmetric, asymmetry Assoc  associate; association AT  abdominal thrusts; Achard-Thiers [syn- ASSP  argininosuccinate synthetase pseu- drome]; achievement test; Achilles tendon; dogene activity training; acute thrombosis; adaptive ASSQ  autism spectrum screening ques- thermogenesis; adenine-thymine; adenine- tionnaire thyronine; adipose tissue; adjunctive therapy; ASSR  adult situation stress reaction; audi- adnexal torsion; air temperature; allergy tory steady-state response treatment; amino acid transporter; amino- ASSURE  A Stent vs. Stent Ultrasound Re- transferase; aminotriazole; amitriptyline;  modeling Evaluation anaerobic threshold; anaphylotoxin; angio- ASSX  argininosuccinate synthetase pseu- tensin; anterior tibia; antithrombin; antitryp- dogene sin; antral transplantation; applanation AST  above selected threshold; allele-specific tonometry; assistive technology; ataxia- transcript; allergy serum transfer; angiotensin telangiectasia; atmosphere; atraumatic; atre- sensitivity test; anterior spinothalamic tract; an- sia, tricuspid; atrial tachycardia; atrial tumor; timicrobial susceptibility test; antistreptolysin atropine; attenuate, attenuation; autoimmune test; aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT); Asso- thrombocytopenia; axonal terminal; old tu- ciation of Surgical Technologists; astigmatism; berculin [Ger. alt Tuberkulin] atrial overdrive stimulation rate; audiometry A-T  ataxia-telangiectasia sweep test; Australian Streptokinase Trial AT1  angiotensin II type 1 Ast  astigmatism AT10  dihydrotachysterol ASTA  anti–alpha-staphylolysin AT I  angiotensin I ASTECS  Antenatal Steroid Therapy in Elec- AT II  angiotensin II tive Cesarean Section [study] AT III  angiotensin III; antithrombin III ASTH, Asth  asthenopia At  acidity, total; angiotensin; antithrombin; ASTHO  Association of State and Territorial astatine; atrial; atrium Health Officials At  amount in tissue ASTI  antispasticity index at  airtight; atom, atomic; technical atmo- ASTM  American Society for Testing and sphere Materials ATA  advanced technology attachment; ali- ASTMH  American Society of Tropical mentary toxic aleukia; American Telemedicine Medicine and Hygiene Association; American Thyroid Association;  40 aminotriazole; antithymic activity; antithyro- ATIME  Accupril Titration Interval Manage- globulin antibody; anti-Toxoplasma antibody; ment Evaluation [trial] atmosphere absolute; aurintricarboxylic acid ATL  Achilles tendon lengthening; active ATACS  Antithrombotic Therapy in Acute template library; acute T-cell leukemia; adult Coronary Syndromes [trial] T-cell leukemia; American tegumentary ATAI  acute traumatic aortic injury leishmaniasis; anterior tricuspid leaflet; anti- ATB  articulated total body [model]; at the tension line; atypical lymphocyte time of the bomb [in Japan]; atrial tachycar- ATLA  adult T-cell leukemia virus-associated dia with block antigen; alternatives to laboratory animals Atb  antibiotic ATLANTIC  Angina Treatment, Lasers, and ATBC  Alpha-Tocopherol/Beta Carotene Normal Therapy in Comparison [trial] [study] ATLANTIS  Alteplase Thrombolysis for Acute ATC  activated thymus cell; alpha-tocopher- Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke ol; anaplastic thyroid carcinoma; Anatomical ATLAS  Adolescents Training and Learning Therapeutic Chemical [classification]; to Avoid Steroids; advanced tools for learn- around the clock; certified athletic trainer ing anatomic structure; Aspirin and Ticlid vs ATCase  aspartate transcarbamoylase Anticoagulants for Stents [study]; Assess- ATCC  American Type Culture Collection ment of Treatment with Lisinopril and Sur- ATCL  adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma vival [trial] ATCM  automatic tube current modulation ATLAST  Antiplatelet Therapy vs. Lovenox ATCS  anterior tibial compartment syn- Plus Antiplatelet Therapy for Patients with drome Increased Risk of Stent Thrombosis; Aspi- ATD  Alzheimer-type dementia; androstatri- rin/Ticlopidine vs. Low-Molecular-Weight enedione; anthropomorphic test dummy; an- Heparin/Aspirin/Ticlopidine Stent Trial tithyroid drug; aqueous tear deficiency; ATLL  adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy ATLP  anterior titanium thoracolumbar lock- ATDNet  Advanced Technology Demonstra- ing plate tion Network ATLS  acute tumor lysis syndrome; advanced ATDP  Attitude Toward Disabled Persons trauma life support [scale] ATLV  adult T-cell leukemia virus ATE  acute toxic encephalopathy; acute tox- ATM  abnormal tubular myelin; acute trans- icity end point; adipose tissue extract; au- verse myelopathy; adaptive-template mod­ tologous tumor extract erated; advanced trauma management; ATEE  N-acetyl-1-tyrosyl-ethyl ester asynchronous transfer mode; ataxia-telangi- ATEM  analytic transmission electron mi- ectasia mutated [protein]; atmosphere; aver- croscopy age time of maintenance; awareness through Aten  atenolol movement ATEST  Atenolol and Streptokinase Trial atm  standard atmosphere ATEV  Aphodius tasmaniae entomopox­ ATMA  Amiodarone Trials Meta-Analysis; virus antithyroid plasma membrane antibody ATF  activating transcription factor; anterior ATMI  application transaction manager in- talofibular; ascites tumor fluid terface At fib  atrial fibrillation atmos  atmospheric ATG  adenine-thymidine-guanine; advanced ATMTN  asynchronous transfer mode telera- technology group; antihuman thymocyte diology network globulin; antithrombocyte globulin; antithy- ATN  acute tubular necrosis; Adolescent mocyte globulin; antithyroglobulin Trials Network; augmented transition net- AT/GC  adenine-thymine/guanine-cytosine work ratio ATNC  atraumatic normocephalic ATH  acetyl-tyrosine hydrazide; alkylated at no  atomic number thiohydantoin ATNR  asymmetric tonic neck reflex ATh  Associate in Therapy A-to-D  analog-to-digital Athsc  atherosclerosis ATOS  Achievement of Therapeutic Objec- AtHV  ateline herpesvirus tives Scale ATI  abdominal trauma index; analytical ATOT  total anions treatment interruption; attitude-treatment in- ATP  according to protocol; addiction treat- teraction ment program; adenosine triphosphate; am- ATIAIS  Anturane Transient Ischemic Attack bient temperature and pressure; annual Italian Study transmission potential; antitachycardia   41 pacing; Arizona Telemedicine Program; au- ATx  adult thymectomy toimmune thrombocytopenic purpura atyp  atypical A-TP  adsorbed test plasma ATZ  acetazolamide; atypical transforma- AT-P  antitrypsin-Pittsburgh tion zone AtP  attending physician AU  allergenic unit; Alzheimer unit; Ång- ATPA   2-amino-3-(hydroxy-5-tert-butyl- ström unit; antitoxin unit; arbitrary unit; Aus- isoxazol-4-yl) propanoic acid tralia antigen; azauridine AT-PAS  aldehyde-thionine–periodic acid Au  Australia antigen; authorization Schiff [test] a.u.  both ears [Lat. auris utraque] ATPase  adenosine triphosphatase AUA  American Urological Association; ATPD  dried at ambient temperature and asymptomatic urinary abnormalities pressure Au Ag  Australia antigen ATP-2Na  adenosine triphosphate disodium AUB  abnormal uterine bleeding ATPS  ambient temperature and pressure, AUC  area under the curve saturated AUCextra  extrapolated area under the curve ATR  Achilles tendon reflex; Achilles ten- AuCPV  Aglais urticae cypovirus don rupture; acid-tolerance response; alpha- AUCSS  steady-state area under the curve thalassemia mental retardation [syndrome]; AUD  arthritis of unknown diagnosis ataxia-telangiectasia and rad3-related [pro- aud  auditory tein]; attenuated total reflectance; automatic AUDEX  automated urologic diagnostic ex- term recognition; axial trunk rotation pert [ultrasound] atr  atrophy AUDIT  alcohol use disorders identification ATR1, ATR2  alpha-thalassemia mental re- test tardation [syndrome] type 1, type 2 AUDIT-C  alcohol use disorders identifica- ATRA  all-transretinoic acid tion test–alcohol consumption questions ATRAMI  Autonomic Tone and Reflexes aud-vis  audiovisual After Myocardial Infarction [trial] AUG  acute ulcerative gingivitis; adenosine- ATRAS  Adrenal Test Retrieval and Analysis uracil-guanine System AUGH  acute upper gastrointestinal hem- Atr fib  atrial fibrillation orrhage ATRX, ATR-X  X-linked alpha-thalassemia AuHA A  Australia hepatitis-associated anti- mental retardation [syndrome] gen ATS  Achard-Thiers syndrome; acid test so- AUI  Alcohol Use Inventory; aortouniiliac lution; alpha-D-tocopherol acid succinate; device American Thoracic Society; American Trau- AUL  acute undifferentiated leukemia ma Society; American Trudeau Society; anti– AUMC  area under the first moment curve rat thymocyte serum; antitetanus serum; AUMCextra  extrapolated area under the first antithymocyte serum; anxiety tension state; moment curve arteriosclerosis; autologous transfusion sys- AUO  amyloid of unknown origin tem AuP  Australian antigen protein ATS-DLD  American Thoracic Society Divi- AUPHA  Association of University Pro- sion of Lung Disease grams in Health Administration ATSDR  Agency for Toxic Substances and AUR  acute urinary retention; Association of Disease Registry University Radiologists ATT  arginine tolerance test; aspirin toler- aur, auric  auricle, auricular ance time AURAV  Aura virus att  attending AUROC  area under the receiver operating atten  attenuated characteristic curve ATTMH  Australian Therapeutic Trial of AURT  Association of University Radiologic Mild Hypertension Technicians ATV  Abelson virus transformed; Ambys- AUS  acute urethral syndrome; artificial uri- toma tigrinum stebbinsi virus; antisense nary sphincter target validation; atazanavir; avian tumor AuS  Australia serum hepatitis virus aus, ausc  auscultation at vol  atomic volume AuSH  Australia serum hepatitis ATVV  Auditory, Tactile, Visual, and Ves- AUST  Australian Urokinase Stroke Trial tibular [Multisensory Intervention] AUT  authentication at wt  atomic weight AutoCAD  auto–computer assisted diag­ ATX  associated expressions nosis  42 Auto-PEEP  self-controlled positive end- aVF  automated volt foot expiratory pressure aVF  unipolar limb lead on the left leg [ECG] AUV  anterior urethral valve AVG  ambulatory visit group; aortic valve aux  auxiliary gradient AV  adeno-associated virus; adenovirus; avg  average Adriamycin and vincristine; air velocity; al- AVH  acute viral hepatitis lergic vasculitis; anteroventral; anteversion; AVHD  acquired valvular heart disease anticipatory vomiting; antivirin; aortic valve; AVHS  acquired valvular heart syndrome arenavirus; arteriovenous; artificial ventila- AVI  air velocity index; Association of Vet- tion; ascovirus; assisted ventilation; atrioven- erinary Inspectors; atrioventricular interval; tricular; audiovisual; augmented vector; audio-video interleave average; aviation medicine; avoirdupois AviCPV  Arctia villica cypovirus A-V  arteriovenous; atrioventricular AVID  Amiodarone vs. Implantable Defibril- A/V  ampere/volt; arteriovenous lators [trial]; Angiography vs. Intravascular Av  average; avoirdupois Ultrasound Directed Coronary Stent Place- aV  abvolt ment [trial]; Antiarrhythmics vs. Implantable av  air velocity; average; avoirdupois; Defibrillators [study] avulsion AVIR  aortic valve replacement AVA  activity vector analysis; anthrax vac- AVJ  atrioventricular junction cine adsorbed; antiviral antibody; aortic AVJR  atrioventricular junction rhythm valve annulus; aortic valve area; aortic valve AVJRe  atrioventricular junctional reentrant atresia; Arracacha virus A; arteriovenous aVK  unipolar limb lead on the left arm anastomosis [ECG] AvaCPV  Agraulis vanillae cypovirus AVL  automatic vehicle locator AV/AF  anteverted, anteflexed aVL  automated volt left AVAV  Avalon virus AVLINE  Audiovisuals Online AVB  Arracacha virus B; atrioventricular AVLJ  absolute value of logarithm of Ja- block cobian AVC  aberrant ventricular conduction; Acad- AVM  arteriovenous malformation; atrio- emy of Veterinary Cardiology; aortic valve ventricular malformation; avermectin; avia- closure; arteriovenous communication; As- tion medicine sociation of Vitamin Chemists; associative AVMA  American Veterinary Medical As- visual cortex; atrioventricular canal; auto- sociation matic volume control AVN  acute vasomotor nephropathy; atrio- AVCN  anteroventral cochlear nucleus ventricular node/nodal; atrioventricular AVCO2R  arteriovenous carbon dioxide re- node; avascular necrosis moval AVNA  atrioventricular node artery AVCS  atrioventricular conduction system AVND  atrioventricular node dysfunction AVCx  atrioventricular circumflex branch AVNFH  avascular necrosis of the femoral AVD  aortic valvular disease; apparent vol- head ume of distribution; Army Veterinary Depart- AVNFRP  atrioventricular node functional ment; atrioventricular dissociation refractory period AvDNV  Agraulis vanillae densovirus AVNR  atrioventricular nodal reentry AVDO2  arteriovenous oxygen saturation AVNRT  atrioventricular node reentry tachy- difference cardia AVDO2B  arteriovenous oxygen saturation AVO  aortic valve opening; aortic valve ori- difference, basal fice; atrioventricular opening AVDP  average diastolic pressure AVO2  arteriovenous oxygen ratio avdp  avoirdupois AVOA  amorphous vascular occluding agent aVDPV  ambiguous vaccine-derived polio- AVP  abnormal vasopressin; actinomycin- virus vincristine-Platinol; ambulatory venous pres- AVE  aortic valve echocardiogram sure; antiviral protein; aortoventriculoplasty; ave  average aqueous vasopressin; arginine-vasopressin; AVED  ataxia with vitamin E deficiency arteriovenous passage time aver  average AVP-NPII  arginine vasopressin-neurophy- AVERT  Atorvastatin vs. Revascularization sin II Treatment [trial] AVPU  alert, verbal, painful, unresponsive AVEU  AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Unit AVR  accelerated ventricular rhythm; antivi- AVF  antiviral factor; arteriovenous fistula ral regulator; aortic valve replacement  43 aVR  automated volt right AWO  airway obstruction aVR  unipolar limb lead on the right arm AWP  airway pressure; any willing provider; [ECG] average of wholesale prices; average whole- AVREO  avian reovirus sale price AVRI  acute viral respiratory infection AWR  absolute weighted residual; airway AVRP  atrioventricular refractory period restriction AVRR  antiviral repressor regulator AWRS  anti–whole rabbit serum AVRT  atrioventricular reciprocating tachy- AWRU  active wrist rotation unit cardia; atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia; AWS  Alagille-Watson syndrome; alcohol atrioventricular reentry withdrawal syndrome AVS  Advanced Visual Systems; aortic AWTA  aniridia–Wilms tumor association valve stenosis; application visualization sys- awu  atomic weight unit tem; arteriovenous shunt; auditory vocal se- ax  axial; axillary; axis quencing AxCPV  anti-xanthomista cypovirus AVSD  atrioventricular septal defect AXD  axillary dissection AVSV  aortic valve stroke volume AXF  advanced x-ray facility AVT  Allen vision test; arginine vasotocin; AXG  adult xanthogranuloma Aviation Medicine Technician AXL  anexelekto [oncogene]; axillary lym- AVV  atrioventricular valve phoscintigraphy AvV  Agraulis vanillae virus AXR  abdominal x-ray Av3V  anteroventral third ventricle AXT  alternating exotropia AVVM  angiographically visualized vascu- AYA  acute yellow atrophy lar malformation AYF  antiyeast factor AVY  Arracacha virus Y AYP  autolyzed yeast protein AVZ  avascular zone AYV  Anthriscus yellow virus AW  able to work; above waist; abrupt with- AZ  Aschheim-Zondek [test]; 5-azacytidine; drawal; airways; alcohol withdrawal; alveo- azathioprine lar wall; anterior wall; atomic warfare; Az  nitrogen [Fr. azote] atomic weight AZA  azadirachtin; azathioprine; azelaic acid A&W  alive and well AzC  azacytosine aw  airway; water activity AZEV  Acrobasis zelleri entomopoxvirus AWAR  anterior wall of aortic root AZF  azoospermia factor AWBM  alveolar wall basement membrane AzG, azg  azaguanine AWBV  Ahlum waterborne virus AZGP  zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein AWCR  age-weighted citation rate AZO  two adjacent nitrogen atoms between AWD  alive with disease carbon atoms AWESOME  Angina with Extremely Seri- AZOA  azaorotic acid ous Operative Mortality Evaluation AZQ  diaziquone AWFM  adaptive Walsh function modeling AZR  alizarin AWG  American Wire Gauge AZT  Aschheim-Zondek test; azidothymi- AWGN  additive white gaussian noise dine; 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine; zidovu- AWHILES  All-Wales Health Information dine (azidothymidine) and Library Extension Service AZTEC  amplitude zone time epoch coding AWHONN  Association of Women’s [ECG] Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses AZTMP  azidothymidine monophosphate AWI  anterior wall infarction AZT-R  azidothymidine resistant AWIGS  advanced workplace for image- AZT-S  azidothymidine susceptible/sensi- guided surgery tive AWL  active waiting list AZTTP  azidothymidine trithiophosphate AWM  abnormal wall motion AZT-TP  3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine tri- AWMI  anterior wall myocardial infarction phosphate AWMN  Acid Waters Monitoring Network AZU  azauracil; azurocidin AWMV  amplitude-weighted mean velocity AzUr  6-azauridine  44 Ba  barium; barium enema; basion B ba  basion BAA  benzoylarginine amide; branched amino acid Baa  Bucky amino acid BAAP  bone-anchored auricular prosthesis B  bacillus; bands; barometric; base; basophil, BAATAF  Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial basophilic; bath [Lat. balneum]; Baumé scale; for Atrial Fibrillation behavior; bel; Benoist scale; benzoate; beta; BAAV  bovine adeno-associated virus bilateral; biscuspid; black; blood, bloody; BAB  blood agar base blue; body; boils at; Bolton point; bone Bab  Babinski reflex; baboon marrow derived; born; boron; bound; bovine; BabK  baboon kidney break; bregma; bronchial, bronchus; brother; BAB  born after the ban [cases] Brucella; bruit; buccal; Bucky [device]; BABV  Babahoya virus Bucky factor; bursa cells; burst [pacemaker]; BAC  baclofen; bacterial adherent colony; bypass; byte; colorectal tumor extending into bacterial antigen complex; bacterial artifi- adipose tissue; magnetic induction; minimal cial chromosome; blood alcohol concentra- detectable blurring; supramentale [point] tion; breast arterial calcification; British β  anomer of a carbohydrate; buffer capacity; Association of Chemists; bronchoalveolar carbon separated from a carboxyl by one carcinoma; bronchoalveolar cells; buccoax- other carbon in aliphatic compounds; con- iocervical stituent of a plasma protein fraction; Greek Bac, bac  Bacillus letter beta; probability of type II error; sub- BACE  beta-amyloid converting enzyme stituent group of a steroid that projects above BACT  bacterium; best available control the plane of the ring technology B0  constant magnetic field in nuclear mag- Bact, bact  bacteria; Bacterium, bacterium netic resonance BACUS  Balloon Angioplasty Compliance B1  palpable one-lobe prostatic tumor less Ultrasound Study than 1.5 cm; tumor extending into muscularis BAD  biologic aerosol detection; biological- propria ly active dose; British Association of Derma- B1  induced field in nuclear magnetic reso- tologists nance; radiofrequency magnetic field in nu- BADE  [Thoracic] Bioimpedance as an Ad- clear magnetic resonance; thiamine junct to Dobutamine Echocardiography 1−β  power of statistical test [study] B2  palpable two-lobe prostatic tumor larger BADLs  basic activities of daily living than 1.5 cm; tumor extending into perirectal BADS  black locks, albinism, deafness adipose tissue syndrome B2  riboflavin BAdV  bovine adenovirus B6  pyridoxine BAdV-A, -B, -C bovine adenovirus A, B7  biotin B, C B8  adenosine phosphate BAE  bovine aortic endothelium; bronchial B12  cyanocobalamin artery embolization b  barn; base; boils at; born; brain; branched; BaE  barium enema [chromosome] break; supramentale [point]; BAEC  bovine aortic endothelial cell twice [Lat. bis] BAEDP  balloon aortic end-diastolic pres- b  sample regression coefficient sure b+  positron emission BAEE  benzoylarginine ethyl ester b−  beta emission BaEn  barium enema BA  Bachelor of Arts; bacillary angiomato- BAEP  brainstem auditory evoked potential sis; backache; bacterial agglutination; bacte- BAER  brainstem auditory evoked response ricidal activity; barbituric acid; basion; BaEV  baboon endogenous virus benzanthracene; benzyladenine; best ampli- BaFBr:Eu  europium-activated barium fluo- tude; beta-adrenergic; betamethasone ace- rohalide tate; bilateral asymmetric; bile acid; biliary BAFF  B-cell activating factor atresia; biologic activity; blocking antibody; BAG  buccoaxiogingival blood agar; blood alcohol; bone age; boric BAGG  buffered azide glucose glycerol acid; bovine albumin; brachial artery; breath- BAGV  Bagaza virus ing apparatus; bronchial asthma; buccoaxial; BAH  biatrial hypertrophy buffered acetone BAHA  bone-anchored hearing aid  45 BAHAMA  Baragwanath Hypertension Am- British Association of Paediatric Surgeons; bulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Multi- British Association of Plastic Surgeons arm [study] BAPT  British Association of Physical BA/HPCC  biomedical application of high- Training performance computing and communication BAPTA  1,2-bis(aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N, BAHS  Boston Area Health Study; bu- N′,N′-tetraacetic acid toctamide hydrogen succinate BAPV  bovine alimentary papillomavirus BAHV  Bahig virus BAQ  brain-age quotient BAI  beta-aminoisobutyrate BAR  bariatrics; barometer, barometric; beta- BAIB  beta-aminoisobutyric [acid] adrenergic receptor BAIF  bile acid independent flow βAR  beta-adrenergic receptor BAIT  bacterial automated identification bar  barometric technique BARASTER  Balloon Angioplasty vs. Rota- BAKUV  Baku virus tional Atherectomy for Stent Restenosis [reg- BAKV  Bakel virus; Bakau virus istry] BAL  bioartificial liver; biphenotypic acute Barb, barb  barbiturate, barbituric leukemia; blood alcohol level; British anti- BARI  Bypass Angioplasty Revasculariza- lewisite; bronchoalveolar lavage tion Investigation [trial] bal  balance; balsam BARK  beta-adrenergic receptor kinase BALB  binaural alternate loudness balance BARN  bilateral acute retinal necrosis; Body BALF  bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Awareness Resource Network bals  balsam BAROCCO  Balloon Angioplasty vs. Rotacs BALT  bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue, for Total Chronic Coronary Occlusion  bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue [trial] BAM  Bacteriological Analytical Manual; BARS  behaviorally anchored rating scale basilar artery migraine; bilateral augmentation BART  blood-activated recalcification time mammoplasty; brachial artery mean [pres- BARV  Barur virus sure] BAS  balloon atrial septostomy; battalion BaM  barium meal aid station; benzyl antiserotonin; beta- Bam  benzamide adrenergic stimulation; boric acid solution; BAME  benzoylarginine methyl ester Bronx Longitudinal Aging Study BAN  British Approved Name; British As- BaS  barium swallow sociation of Neurologists bas  basilar; basophil, basophilic BANPA  Bay Area Nurse Practitioner As- BASA  Boston Assessment of Severe sociation Aphasia BANS  back, arms, neck, and scalp BASC  Blood Pressure in Acute Stroke Col- BANTER  Bayesian Network Tutoring and laboration Explanation BASH  body acceleration synchronous with BANV  Banzi virus heart rate BAO  basal acid output; brachial artery BASIC  Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic output Introduction Code BAO-MAO  basal acid output to maximal BASIS  Basel Antiarrhythmic Study of In- acid output [ratio] farct Survival BAP  bacterial alkaline phosphatase; Behav- BASM  biliary atresia splenic malformation ior Activity Profile; beta-amyloid peptide; [syndrome] blood-agar plate; bovine albumin in phos- baso  basophil phate buffer; brachial artery pressure; bright- BASOC  boundary at the scale of the core ness area product BAstV  bovine astrovirus BAPhysMed  British Association of Physi- BAT  basic aid training; best available tech- cal Medicine nology; blunt abdominal trauma; bolus arriv- BAPI  barley alkaline protease inhibitor ing time; bright acuity test; brown adipose BAPN  beta-aminoproprionitrile tissue BAPO  British Association of Paediatric BATV  Batai virus Otorhinolaryngologists BAUP  Bovie-assisted uvulopalatoplasty BAPP  beta-amyloid precursor protein BAUS  brachial artery ultrasound scanning; BAPRAS  British Association of Plastic, Re- British Association of Urological Surgeons constructive and Aesthetic Surgeons BAUV  Bauline virus BAPS  biomechanical ankle platform sys- BAV  banana virus; bicuspid aortic valve; tem; bovine albumin phosphate saline; Bivens arm virus  46 BaV  Barramundi virus BBV  Berkeley bee virus; black beetle virus; BAVCP  bilateral abductor vocal cord pa- Bukalasa bat virus ralysis BB/W  BioBreeding/Worcester [rat] BAVFO  bradycardia after arteriovenous fis- BC  Bachelor of Surgery [Lat. Baccalaureus tula occlusion Chirurgiae]; back care; bactericidal concen- BAW  bronchoalveolar washing tration; basal cell; basket cell; battle casualty; BAYV  bayou virus bicarbonate; biliary colic; bipolar cell; birth BB  bad breath; bed bath; beta-blockade, beta- control; blastic crisis; blood count; blood blocker; biceps brachii; BioBreeding [rat]; culture; Blue Cross; board certified; bone blanket bath; blood bank; blood buffer; blow conduction; bowel care; brachiocephalic; bottle; blue bloaters; bombesin; borderline; brain contour; breast cancer; bronchial carci- Bortfeld-Boyer [radiotherapy]; both bones; noma; buccal cartilage; buccocervical; buffy breakthrough bleeding; breast biopsy; bron- coat chial blocker; brush border; buffer base; bun- B&C  biopsy and curettage dle branch; isoenzyme of creatine kinase Bc  Bacillus cereus containing two B subunits b/c  benefit/cost ratio B&B  branch and bound [algorithm] BCA  balloon catheter angioplasty; bell bb  Bolton point; both bones clapper anomaly; bicinchoninic acid; blood BBA  born before arrival color analyzer; Blue Cross Association; bran- BBB  blood-brain barrier; blood buffer base; chial cleft anomaly; Breast Cancer Action; bundle-branch block breast cancer antigen; bromochloroacetic BBBB  bilateral bundle-branch block acid BBBD  blood-brain barrier disruption BCAA  branched-chain amino acid BBC  bromobenzycyanide; buccal bifurca- bCaCC  bovine calcium-sensitive chloride tion cyst channel BbCPV  Biston betularia cypovirus BCAEC  bovine coronary artery endothelial BBD  benign breast disease cell BB3DI  broad-beam three-dimensional ir- BCAPS  Beta-Blocker Cholesterol-Lowering radiation Asymptomatic Plaque Study BBE  Bacteroides bile esculin [agar] BCAT  brachiocephalic arterial trunk BBEP  biotechnology, biologics, and envi- BCB  blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier; bril- ronmental protection; brush border endopep- liant cresyl blue tidase BCBR  bilateral carotid body resection BBF  bronchial blood flow BC/BS  Blue Cross/Blue Shield BBI  Better Birth Initiatives; Biomedical BCBSA  Blue Cross and Blue Shield Asso- Business International; Bowman-Birk soy- ciation bean inhibitor BCC  basal cell carcinoma; bedside commu- BBM  banked breast milk; brush border nication controller; biliary cholesterol con- membrane centration; birth control clinic BBMV  broad bean mottle virus; brush bor- bcc  blind carbon copy; body-centered cubic der membrane vesicle BC-CFC  blast cell colony-forming cell BBN  broadband noise BCCG  British Cooperative Clinical Group BBNV  broad bean necrosis virus BCCP  biotin carboxyl carrier protein BBOT  2,5-bis(5-t-butyl-2-benzoxazol-2-yl) BCCV  Black Creek Canal virus thiophene BCD  binary-coded decimal; bleomycin, cy- BBOV  Bimbo virus clophosphamide, dactinomycin BBPP  Beta-Blocker Pooling Project BCDDP  Breast Cancer Detection Demon- BBR  bibasilar rate; bundle-branch reentry stration Project BBRS  Burks Behavior Rating Scale BCDF  B-cell differentiation factor BBR-VT  bundle-branch reentry-ventricular BCDL  Brachmann–Cornelia de Lange [syn- tachycardia drome] BBS  Bardet-Biedl syndrome; bashful blad- BCDRS  Brief Carroll Depression Rating der syndrome; benign breast syndrome; bilat- Scale eral breath sounds; bombesin; borate-buffered BCDS  Bulimia Cognitive Distortions Scale saline; brown bowel syndrome; bulletin BCDSP  Boston-Collaborative Drug Surveil- board software lance Program BBs  both bones BCE  basal cell epithelioma; benign child- BBT  basal body temperature hood epilepsy; bone collagen equivalent BBTD  baby bottle tooth decay units; bubble chamber equipment  47 BCECT  benign childhood epilepsy with cen- BCO  biliary cholesterol output; biologic trotemporal [spikes] cutoff BCEI  breast cancer, estrogen inducible BCOC  bowel care of choice BCEOP  benign partial epilepsy with occipi- BCoV  bovine coronavirus tal paroxysms BCP  basic calcium phosphate; birth control BCF  basic conditioning factor; basophil che- pill; blue cone pigment; Blue Cross Plan; motactic factor; bioconcentration factor; bromcresol purple breast cyst fluid BCPD  bromcresol purple deoxylate BCFP  breast cyst fluid protein BCPR  bystander cardiopulmonary resusci- BCG  bacillus Calmette-Guérin [vaccine]; tation ballistocardiogram, ballistocardiography; bi- BCPT  Breast Cancer Prevention Trial color guaiac test; bromcresol green BCPV  bovine cutaneous papilloma virus BCGF  B-cell growth factor BCQ  breast cancer questionnaire BCGM  biconjugate gradient method BCR  B-cell reactivity; birth control regimen; BCH  basal cell hyperplasia breakpoint cluster region; bromocriptine; BCh  Bachelor of Surgery [Lat. Baccalaure- bulbocavernosus reflex us Chirurgiae] bcr  breakpoint cluster region BChD  Bachelor of Dental Surgery BCRS  brief cognitive rating scale BCHE  butyrylcholinesterase BCRx  birth control drug BChir  Bachelor of Surgery [Lat. Baccalau- BCS  battered child syndrome; blood cell reus Chirurgiae] separator; bovine calf serum; breast cancer Bchl, bChl  bacterial chlorophyll screening; British Cardiovascular Society; BCHS  Bureau of Community Health Ser- Budd-Chiari syndrome vices BCSFB  blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier BCI  behavioral cues index; brain-computer BCSI  breast cancer screening indicator interface BCSP  Bavarian Cholesterol Screening BCIA  Biomedical Clinical Instrumentation Project Association BCT  brachiocephalic trunk; branched-chain BCIP  5-bromo-4-chloro-3-inodolyl phos- amino acid transferase; breast conservation phate therapy BCIRG  Breast Cancer International Re- BCTF  Breast Cancer Task Force search Group BCtg  bovine chymotrypsinogen BCIS  British Cardiovascular Intervention BCtr  bovine chymotrypsin Society BCV  Batu Cave virus; between class vari- BCKA  branched-chain keto acid ance; blue crab virus; Bunyip Creek virus BCKD  branched-chain alpha-keto acid de- BCVA  best corrected visual acuity hydrogenase BCVd  blister canker viroid BCL  B-cell leukemia/lymphoma; basic cycle BCW  biological and chemical warfare length BCYE  buffered charcoal yeast extract BCLD  B-cell lymphoproliferative disease [agar] BCLL  B-cell chronic lymphocytic leuke- BD  barbital dependent; barbiturate depen- mia dence; base deficit; base of prism down; ba- BCLM  below critical length material sophilic degeneration; Batten disease; BCLP  bilateral cleft of lip and palate behavioral disorder; Behçet disease; bella- BCLS  basic cardiac life support donna; below diaphragm; Bessel distribu- BCM  B-cell maturation; beclomethasone; tion; bicarbonate dialysis; bile duct; binding birth control medication; blood-clotting domain; binocular deprivation; birth date; mechanism; body cell mass; body control black death; bladder drainage; block design and movement [test]; blood donor; blue diaper [syndrome]; BCMA  B-cell maturation antigen borderline dull; bound; brain damage; brain BCME  bis-chloromethyl ether dead, brain death; Briquet disorder; broncho- BCMF  B-cell maturation factor dilation, bronchodilator; buccodistal; Byler BCMS  Bioethic Citation Maintenance Sys- disease tem B-D  Becton-Dickinson BCN  basal cell nevus; bilateral cortical ne- Bd  board; buoyant density crosis; breast care nursing bd  band; bundle BCNS  basal cell nevus syndrome b.d.  twice a day [Lat. bis in die] BCNU  bis-chlorethylnitrosourea [carmus- BDA  balloon dilation angioplasty; British tine] Dental Association  48 BDAC  Bureau of Drug Abuse Control Be  beryllium BDAE  Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Exami- Bé  Baumé scale nation BEA  below-elbow amputation; bioelectrical BDAV  Bandia virus activity; bromoethylamine BDC  Bazex-Dupré-Christol [syndrome]; BEAC  Barrett esophagus–associated adeno- bile duct cyst; burn-dressing change carcinoma BDD  body dysmorphic disorder BEACOPP  bleomycin, etoposide, Adria- BDE  balanced differential expression; bile mycin, cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, predni- duct examination sone, and procarbazine BDentSci  Bachelor of Dental Science BEAM  brain electrical activity monitoring BDG  buccal developmental groove; buff- BEAP  bronchiectasis, eosinophilia, asthma, ered desoxycholate glucose pneumonia BDGF  brain-derived growth factor BEAR  biologic effects of atomic radiation BDHI  Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory BEB  Biomedical Engineering Branch BDI  Baseline Dyspnea Index; Beck Depres- BEBV  Bebaru virus sion Inventory; bile duct injuries BEC  bacterial endocarditis; behavioral BDIP  biomedical digital image processing emergency committee; biliary epithelial BDIS  Becton-Dickinson immunocytometry cells; blood ethyl alcohol content; bromoer- system; Birth Defects Information Service gocryptine; buccal epithelial cells BDL  behaviors of daily living; below detect- BECAIT  Bezafibrate Coronary Atherosclero- able limits; bile duct ligation sis Intervention Trial BDLS  Brachmann–de Lange syndrome BECF  blood extracellular fluid BDM  2,3-butanedione 2-monoxime; Becker BED  binge eating disorder; biologically ef- muscular dystrophy; border detection  fective dose; biologically equivalent dose method BEE  basal energy expenditure BDMS  Bureau of Data Management Strat- BEFV  bovine ephemeral fever virus egy beg  begin, beginning bDNA  branched deoxyribonucleic acid BEH  benign exertional headache BDNF  brain-derived neurotrophic factor beh  behavior, behavioral BDO  battle dress overgarment BEHA  behavior BDOH  broad determinants of health BEI  back-scattered electron imaging; bio- BDP  beclomethasone dipropionate; benzo- logical exposure indexes; butanol-extractable diazepine; bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis; iodine bronchopulmonary dysplasia BEIR  biologic effects of ionizing radiation BDQ  bowel disease questionnaire BEK  bovine embryonic kidney BDR  background diabetic retinopathy BEL  blood ethanol level; bovine embry- BDRP  Biological Defense Research Pro- onic lung gram BELIR  beta-endorphin–like immunoreactivi- BDRS  Blessed Dementia Rating Scale ty BDS  Bachelor of Dental Surgery; biologic BELTV  Belterra virus detection system; Blessed Dementia Scale BELV  Belmont virus BdS  blood pressure–depressing substance BEM  boundary element method BDSc  Bachelor of Dental Science BEMS  Bioelectromagnetics Society BDT  binary distance transformation BeMV  belladonna mottle virus BDUR  5-bromodeoxyuridine BEN  Balkan endemic neuropathy BDV  border disease virus; Borna disease bENaC  bovine epithelial sodium channel virus BENAR  blood eosinophilic non-allergic BDW  biphasic defibrillation waveform; rhinitis buffered distilled water BENEDICT  Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes BE  bacillary emulsion; bacterial endocardi- Complications Trial tis; barium enema; Barrett esophagus; base BENESTENT  Belgian-Netherlands Stent excess; below elbow; bile esculin [test]; bio- [study] equivalence; biologic effect; biologically  BENV  Benevides virus; Benfica virus effective; biologically equivalent; bovine en- Benz, benz benzene; benzidine; benzo- teritis; brain edema; bread equivalent; breast ate examination; bronchiectasis; bronchoesoph- BEP  basic element of performance; brain agology evoked potential B/E  below elbow B-EP  β-endorphin B&E  brisk and equal BEPS  Belgian Eminase Prehospital Study  49 BEPT  biliary endoscopic papillotomy BFDI  bronchodilation following deep inspi- BER  base encoding rule; base excision re- ration pair; basic electrical rhythm BFDV  beak and feather disease virus; bulk BERA  brainstem evoked response audiom- fluid endocytosis etry BFE  blood flow energy BERG  balloon-assisted endoscopic retro- BFEC  benign focal epilepsy of childhood peritoneal gasless [approach] BFF  buried free flap BERNWARD  building essential concept bFGF  basic fibroblast growth factor representations in well-arranged restricted BFGS  Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno domains [algorithm] β error  type II error BFH  benign familial hematuria BERT  Beneficiary Enrollment Retrieval BFHD  Beukes familial hip dysplasia System [Medicare]; Beta Energy Resteno- BFHI  Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative sis Trial BFHR  basal fetal heart rate BERV  Bertioga virus BFIC  benign familial infantile convulsions BES  balanced electrolyte solution; Balti- BFIRM  binary formal inference-based re- more Eye Study cessive modeling BESA  brain electric source analysis BFL  below functional limit; bird fancier’s BESC  bronchitis emphysema symptom lung; Börjeson-Forssman-Lehman [syndrome] checklist BFLS  Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann BESM  bovine embryonic skeletal muscle syndrome BESMART  Bestent in Small Arteries BFM  benign familial megalocephaly or Study macrocephaly BESP  bovine embryonic spleen [cells] BFNC  benign familial neonatal convulsion BESS  Berlin Pacemaker Study on Syncope; BFO  balanced forearm orthosis; ball-bearing Part B Extract and Summary System forearm orthosis; blood-forming organ [Medicare] BFOD  binary frames of discernment BESSAMI  Berlin Stent Study in Acute BFP  biologic false positive Myocardial Infarction BFPR  biologic false-positive reaction BEST  Beta-blocker Evaluation of Survival BFPSTS  biologic false-positive serologic Trial; Beta-blocker Stroke Trial; Beta-Cath test for syphilis System Trial; Bolus Dose Escalation  BFR  biologic false reaction; blood flow Study of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activa- rate; bone formation rate; buffered Ringer tor; Bucindolol Evaluation of Survival  [solution] Trial; Medtronic Bestent Coronary Stent Ver- BFS  blood fasting sugar sus Palmaz-Schatz Coronary Stent BFT  bentonite flocculation test; biofeedback BET  benign epithelial tumor; blastocyte em- training bryo transfer; bleeding esophageal varix; BFU  burst-forming unit Brunauer-Emmet-Teller [method] BFU-E  burst-forming unit, erythrocytes BETA  Biomedical Electronics Technicians BFU-ME  burst-forming unit, myeloid/ery- Association throid BEV  baboon endogenous virus; beam’s eye BFU-Meg  burst-forming unit, megakaryo- view; Berne virus; bovine enterovirus cyte BeV, Bev  billion electron volts BFV  Barmah Forest virus; bovine feces bev  beverage virus; bovine foamy virus BF  Barmah Forest [virus]; bentonite floccu- BG  Bacillus globigii; basal ganglion; basic lation; bile flow; biofeedback; black female; gastrin; basophilic granulocyte; Bender  blastogenic factor; blister fluid; blood flow; Gestalt [test]; beta-galactosidase; beta- body fat; bouillon filtrate; brain factor; break- glucuronidase; bicolor guaiac [test]; Birbeck fast fed; breastfeeding; buffered; burning feet granule; blood glucose; bone graft; brilliant [syndrome]; butter fat green; buccogingival B/F  black female; bound/free [antigen] B-G  Bordet-Gengou [agar] ratio BGA  blue-green algae B3F  band 3 cytoplasmic fragment BGAg  blood group antigen bf  black female; bouillon filtrate BGAV  blue-green algae virus BFA  bifemoral angiography; brefeldin A BGC  basal ganglion calcification; blood BFB  biologic feedback; bronchial foreign group class body BGCA  bronchogenic carcinoma BFC  benign febrile convulsion BGD  blood group degradation  50 BGE  butyl glycidyl ether bHLH-ZIP  basic helix-loop-helix leucine BGEM  brain gene expression map [mouse] zipper BGG  bovine gamma-globulin BHM  Bureau of Health Manpower bGH  bovine growth hormone BHN  bephenium hydroxynaphthoate; Bri- BGIV  Bangui virus nell hardness number BgJ  beige [mouse] BHP  basic health profile BGLB  brilliant green lactose broth BHPr  Bureau of Health Professions BGlu  blood glucose BHR  basal heart rate; benign hypertrophic BGM  bedside glucose monitoring prostatitis; borderline hypertensive rat; bron- BGMR  basal ganglion disorder–mental re- chial hyperreactivity tardation [syndrome] BHRT  bioidentical hormone replacement BGNV  Bangoran virus therapy BGO  bismuth germanium oxide BHS  Bachelor of Health Science; Ballarat BGP  beta-glycerophosphatase Health Services; Beck Hopelessness Scale; BGPS  Belgian General Practitioners’ Study beta-hemolytic streptococcus; Bogalusa BGS  balance, gait, and station; Baller- Heart Study; breathholding spell; Brisighella Gerold syndrome; blood group substance; Heart Study British Geriatrics Society BHSc Nsg  Bachelor of Health Science in BGSA  blood granulocyte-specific activity Nursing BGTT  borderline glucose tolerance test BHT  beta-hydroxytheophylline; breath hy- BGV  Bahia Grande virus drogen test; bronchial hygiene therapy; bu- BH  base hospital; benzalkonium and heparin; tylated hydroxytoluene bill of health; birth history; Bishop-Harman BHTE  bioheat transfer equation [instruments]; board of health; boarding BHU  basic health unit home; Bolton-Hunter [reagent]; borderline Bhu  Bordetella heme utilization hypertensive; both hands; brain hormone; BhuR  Bordetella heme utilization receptor Braxton-Hicks [contractions]; breathholding; BHV  bovine herpes virus bronchial hyperreactivity; Bryan high titer; BH/VH  body hematocrit/venous hematocrit bundle of His ratio BH4  tetrahydrobiopterin BHyg  Bachelor of Hygiene BHA  bound hepatitis antibody; butylated BI  background interval; bacterial/bacteri- hydroxyanisole cidal index; base in [prism]; basilar impres- BHAT  Beta Blocker Heart Attack Trial sion; bifunctional inducer; Billroth I BHAV  Bhanja virus [procedure]; biologic indicator; biotechnol- BHB  beta-hydroxybutyrate ogy infomatics; bodily injury; bone injury; bHb  bovine hemoglobin bowel impaction; brain injury; burn index BHBA  beta-hydroxybutyric acid Bi  bismuth BHC  benzene hexachloride BIA  bioelectric impedance analysis; bio- BHCDA  Bureau of Health Care Delivery immunoassay; biomechanical impedance and Assistance analyses β-hCG  beta human chorionic gonadotro- BIAA  Brain Injury Association of America pin BIAC  Bioinstrumentation Advisory Council BHF  Bolivian hemorrhagic fever; British BIAD  blind insertion airway device Heart Foundation BIB  bibliography; biliointestinal bypass; BHFS  Benzapril Heart Failure Study brought in by BHI  biosynthetic human insulin; brain-heart bib, biblio  bibliography infusion; British Humanities Index; Bureau BIBRA  British Industrial Biological Re- of Health Insurance search Association BHIA  brain-heart infusion agar B-IBS  B-immunoblastic sarcoma BHIBA  brain-heart infusion blood agar BIC  Bayes information criterion; bicoher- BHIRS  brain-heart infusion and rabbit ence; blood isotope clearance; brain imaging serum center BHIS  beef heart infusion supplemented Bic  biceps [broth] BICAO  bilateral internal carotid artery oc- BHK  baby hamster kidney [cells]; type-B clusion Hong Kong [virus] bicarb  bicarbonate BHL  bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy; bio- BiCAT  bilateral carotid artery traction logic half-life BICC  Biomedical Information Communica- bHLH  basic helix-loop-helix tions Center  51 BiCNU  bis-chlorethylnitrosourea [carmus- BIOSIS  Biosciences Information Service tine] biotyping  biochemical typing BICS  Brigham Integrated Computing Sys- BIP  back-illuminated photo technology; tem bacterial intravenous protein; Bezafibrate In- BICS-OE  Brigham Integrated Computing farction Prevention [study]; biparietal; bis- System, order entry muth iodoform paraffin; Blue Cross interim BICST  biceps skin tone payment; brief infertility period BID  bibliographic information and docu- Bip  binding protein mentation; brought in dead BiPAP  biphasic positive airway pressure bid, b.i.d.  twice a day [Lat. bis in die] BIPLED  bilateral, independent, periodic, lat- BIDA  butyliminodiacetic acid eralized epileptiform discharge BIDLB  block in posteroinferior division of BIPM  International Bureau of Weights and left branch Measures [Fr. Bureau International des BIDS  biologic integrated detection system; Poids et Mesures] brittle hair, intellectual impairment, de- BIPP  bismuth iodoform paraffin paste creased fertility, and short stature [syndrome] BIR  basic incidence rate; British Institute of BIE  Bayes inference engine; bioelectrical Radiology impedance; bullous ichthyosiform erythro- BIRADS  Breast Imaging Reporting and derma Data System BIG  bone injection gun BIRD  Bolus Versus Infusion Rescupase De- BIG 6  analysis of six serum components velopment BIGGY  bismuth glycine glucose yeast BIRLS  Beneficiary Identification and Record BIGMAC  Beaumont Interventional Group– Locator Subsystem Mevacor, ACE Inhibitor, Colchicine Reste- BIRN  Biomedical Informatics Research nosis [trial]; Bidirectional Gantry Multiarray Network Coil [study] BIRNH  Belgian Interuniversity Research on BIGPRO  Biguanides and the Prevention of Nutrition and Health [study] the Risk of Obesity [study] BIRV  Birao virus BIH  benign intracranial hypertension BIS  bioimpedance spectroscopy; bispectral BII  beat inclusion index; Billroth II [proce- index; bone cement implantation syndrome; dure]; butanol-insoluble iodine Brain Information Service; British Infection BIL  basal insulin level; bilirubin Society; building illness syndrome Bil  bilirubin B-ISDN  broadband–integrated services dig- bil  bilateral ital network BILAG  British Isles Lupus Assessment BiSP  between ischial spines Group bisp  bispinous BIL/ALB  bilirubin/albumin ratio BISTI  Biomedical Information Service bilat  bilateral Technology Initiative bili  bilirubin BIT  binary digit; bitrochanteric bili-c  conjugated bilirubin bit  binary digit BilIN  biliary intraepithelial neoplasia BITA  bilateral internal thoracic artery bilirub  bilirubin BITE  Bulimic Investigatory Test bili T&D  bilirubin total and direct BIU  barrier isolation unit; billion interna- BIM  buffered isolation medium tional units BIMA  bilateral internal mammary artery BIV  Bohle iridovirus; bovine immunodefi- BIMV  Bimiti virus ciency virus BIN  butylisonitrile BIVAS  Body Image Visual Analogue Bin  binary Scale BIO  Biotechnology Industry Organization BJ  Bence Jones [protein]; biceps jerk; biochem  biochemical, biochemistry Bielschowsky-Jansky [disease]; bones and BIOD  bony intraorbital distance joints bioeng  bioengineering B&J  bones and joints BIOF  biologic function BJE  bones, joints, and examination biol  biologic, biology BJM  bones, joints, and muscles bioLH  biossay of luteinizing hormone BJP  Bence Jones protein/proteinuria BIOMACS  Biochemical Markers of Acute BK  below knee; bovine kidney [cells]; bra- Coronary Syndromes dykinin biophys  biophysical, biophysics B-K  initials of two patients after whom a BIOS  basic input/output system multiple cutaneous nevus was named  52 B/K  below knee BLI  bombesin-like immunoreactivity Bk  berkelium blk  black bk  back BLL  below lower limit BKA  below-knee amputation BLLD  British Library Lending Division BK-A  basophil kallikrein of anaphylaxis BLLV  Bloodland Lake virus BK amp  below-knee amputation BLM  basolateral membrane; bilayer lipid BKAT  Basic Knowledge Assessment Tool membrane; bimolecular liquid membrane; for Critical Care black lipid membrane; bleomycin; Bloom BKD  bacterial kidney disease syndrome; buccolinguomasticatory bkf  breakfast BLMV  Belem virus BKG, Bkg  background BLN  bronchial lymph node BKPyV  BK polyomavirus BLOB  binary large object BKS  beekeeper serum BLOBS  bladder obstruction BKTT  below knee to toe BLOC  body location BKWP  below-knee walking plaster BLOSUM  block substitution matrix [algo- BL  Barré-Lieou [syndrome]; basal lamina; rithm] baseline; Bessey-Lowry [unit]; biosafety BLOT  Bimodality Lung Oncology Trial level; black light; bladder; bleeding; blind BLP  beta-lipoprotein loop; blood loss; bone marrow lymphocyte; BlP  blood pressure borderline lepromatous; bronchial lavage; B-LPH  beta-lipoprotein hormone buccolingual; buffered lidocaine; Bullard la- B-LPN  beta-lipotropin ryngoscope; Burkitt lymphoma bl pr  blood pressure Bl  black BLQ  both lower quadrants B-l  bursa-equivalent lymphocyte BLRC  Biomedical Library Review Com- bl  black; bleeding, blood; blue mittee BLA  Biologics License Application BLROA  British Laryngological, Rhinologi- BLAD  borderline left-axis deviation cal, and Otological Association blad  bladder BLS  bare lymphocyte syndrome; basic life BLAS  Bronx Longitudinal Aging Study support; B-cell lymphoproliferative syn- BLASP  Barbados Low-Dose Aspirin Study drome; blind loop syndrome; blood and lym- in Pregnancy phatic system; blood sugar; Bloom syndrome; BLAST  basic linear/local alignment search Bureau of Labor Statistics tool BlS  blood sugar BLAT  Blind Learning Aptitude Test BLSA  Baltimore Longitudinal Study of BLAV  Bobia virus Aging; basic life support ambulance BLB  Baker-Lima-Baker [mask]; Bessey- BLSD  bovine lumpy skin disease Lowry-Brock [method, unit]; black light BLS-D  basic life support defibrillation; bulb; Boothby-Lovelace-Bulbulian [mask]; Blessed Scale–Dementia bronchoscopic lung biopsy; bulb [syringe] BLT  bleeding time; blood-clot lysis time; BL=BS  bilateral equal breath sounds blood test BlC  blood culture BlT  bleeding time; blood test; blood type, BLCL  Burkitt lymphoma cell line blood typing B-LCL  B-lymphocyte cell line BLU  Bessey-Lowry unit bl cult  blood culture BLV  biologic limit value; blood volume; bo- BLD  basal liquefactive degeneration; benign vine leukemia virus lymphoepithelial disease BlV  blood viscosity; blood volume bld  blood BLVR  biliverdin reductase Bld Bnk  blood bank Blx  bleeding time BLE  both lower extremities; buffered lido- BLyS  B-lymphocyte stimulator caine with epinephrine BM  Bachelor of Medicine; Bachelor of BLEL  benign lymphoepithelial lesion Midwifery; barium meal; basal medium; BLEO  bleomycin basal metabolism; basement membrane; bleph  blepharitis basilar membrane; betamethasone; biomedi- BLEVE  boiling liquid expanding vapor ex- cal; black male; blood monitoring; body plosion mass; Bohr magneton; bone marrow; bowel  BLFD  buccolinguofacial dyskinesia movement; breast milk; buccal mass; buc- BLG  behavioral leadership group; beta- comesial lactoglobulin B/M  black male bLH  biologically active luteinizing hormone B2M, β2m  beta-2-microglobulin  53 bm  black male BMMP  benign mucous membrane pem- BMA  biologic movement artifacts; bone phigoid marrow arrest; bone mineral area; British BMMS  Better Medication Management Medical Association System BmA  Brugia malayi adult antigen BMN  bone marrow necrosis BMAD  Medicare Part B Annual Data BMNC  blood mononuclear cell BMAP  bone marrow acid phosphatase BMOC  Brinster’s medium for ovum culture B-MAST  Brief Michigan Alcoholism Bmod  behavior modification Screening Test B-mode  brightness modulation BMAV  Batama virus BMP  bitmap; bone morphogenetic protein Bmax  maximum amount bound; maximum bmp  bone morphogenetic protein binding capacity BMPI  bronchial mucous proteinase inhibi- BMB  biomedical belt; bone marrow bi- tor opsy BMPP  benign mucous membrane pemphi- BMBL  benign monoclonal B-cell lympho- gus; beta-methyliodophenylpentadecanoic cytosis acid BMBMA  bulk motion biologic movement BMQA  Board of Medical Quality Assur- artifacts ance BMC  blood mononuclear cell; bone marrow BMR  basal metabolic rate cell; bone mineral content BMRC  British Medical Research Council BMCC  beta-methylcrotonyl coenzyme A BMS  Bachelor of Medical Science; bare- carboxylase metal stent; Belfast Metoprolol Study; BMCHRD  Bureau of Maternal and Child betamethasone; biomedical monitoring sys- Health and Resources Development tem; biomedical science; bleomycin sulfate; BMD  Becker muscular dystrophy; Boeh- broadcast message server; Bureau of Medical ringer Mannheim Diagnostics; bone marrow Services; Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; depression; bone mineral density; bovine burning mouth syndrome mucosal disease BMSA  British Medical Students Associa- BMDC  Biomedical Documentation Center; tion bone marrow dendritic cell BMSP  biomedical sciences program BMDP  biomedical program BMST  Bruce maximum stress test BMDSC  bone marrow–derived stem cell BMT  Bachelor of Medical Technology; BMDW  Bone Marrow Donor Worldwide basement membrane thickening; benign mes- BME  basal medium Eagle; biundulant me- enchymal tumor; bone marrow transplant/ ningoencephalitis; brief maximal effort transplantation BMed  Bachelor of Medicine BMTd  bicyclic monoterpene diols BMedBiol  Bachelor of Medical Biology BMT-GVHD  bone marrow transplantation BMedSci  Bachelor of Medical Science graft-versus-host disease BMEI  benign myoclonic epilepsy in child- BMTU  bone marrow transplantation unit hood BMU  basic metabolic unit; basic multicel- BMES  Biomedical Engineering Society lular unit BMET  biomedical equipment technician BMZ  basement membrane zone BMF  bone marrow failure BN  Bachelor of Nursing; Bayesian network; BMG  benign monoclonal gammopathy binucleated; bladder neck; branchial neuritis; BMH  biomechanical heart bronchial node; brown Norway [rat]; bulimia BMI  body mass index; brief motivational nervosa intervention BNA  Baromedical Nurses Association; BMic  Bachelor of Microbiology Basle Nomina Anatomica; bronchoscopic BMIPP  beta-methyliodophenylpentadeca- needle aspiration noic acid BNAML  Brown Norway acute myelocytic BMJ  bones, muscles, joints leukemia bmk  birthmark BNC  brain sodium channel BML  biomedical library; bone marrow lym- BNCT  benign notochord cell tumor; boron phocytosis neutron capture therapy BMLS  billowing mitral leaflet syndrome BND  barely noticeable difference BMM  bone marrow–derived macrophages BNDD  Bureau of Narcotics and Danger- BMM+  bone marrow micrometastasis posi- ous Drugs tive BNEd  Bachelor of Nursing Education BMAA  beta-methylamino-L-alanine BNF  British National Formulary  54 BNG  Bayesian Network Generation BolVX  Boletus virus X BNIST  National Bureau of Scientific Infor- BOM  bilateral otitis media mation [Fr. Bureau Nationale d’Information BOMA  bilateral otitis media, acute Scientifique] BoNT A to E  botulinum neurotoxins A Bnl  branchless to E BNML  brown Norway rat myelocytic leu- BOOP  bronchiolitis obliterans–organizing kemia pneumonia BN-NP  nonpurging bulimia nervosa BOP  buffalo orphan prototype [virus] BNO  bladder neck obstruction; bowels not BOPP  boronated protoporphyrin opened bOPV  bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine bNOS  brain nitric oxide synthase BOR  basal optic root; before time of opera- BNP  brain natriuretic peptide tion; bowels open regularly; branchio-oto- BNPA  binasal pharyngeal airway renal [syndrome] BNR  beam nonuniformity ratio [ultra- BORR  blood oxygen release rate sound] BORSA  borderline resistant Staphylococcus BN/RN  baccalaurate registered nurse aureus BNS  Belfast Nifedipine Study; benign BoRV  Buthus occitanus reovirus nephrosclerosis BOS  base of support; Bioethics Online Ser- BNSc  Bachelor of Nursing Science vice; branchio-otic syndrome BNT  Boston Naming Test; brain neurotrans- BOSC  Board of Scientific Counselors mitter BoSM  Bolivian squirrel monkey BO  Bachelor of Osteopathy; base of prism BOSS  Balloon Optimization vs. Stent Study out; behavior objective; belladonna and opium; BOT  botulinum toxin body odor; bowel obstruction; bowels opened; bot  bottle bronchiolitis obliterans; buccoocclusal BOTV  Botambi virus Bo  Bolton point BoTV  bovine torovirus bo  bowels BOU  branchio-oto-ureteral [syndrome] B&O  belladonna and opium BOUV  Bouboui virus BOA  behavioral observation audiometry; BoV  Boolarra virus born on arrival; British Orthopaedic Asso- BOW  bag of waters ciation BOZOV  Bozo virus BOAS  Bank of America Study 1-BP  1-bromopropane BOAT  back pain outcome assessment team; BP  Bachelor of Pharmacy; bacillary pelio- Balloon vs. Optimal Atherectomy Trial sis; backpassage [culture]; back pressure; BOB  biorthogonal basis back projection; back propagation; baro- BOBA  beta-oxybutyric acid metric pressure; base pairs; basic protein; BOC  blood oxygen capacity; Bureau of bathroom privileges; bed pan; before pres- Census; butyloxycarbonyl ent; behavior pattern; Bell palsy; benzpyrene; BOCC  biomedical occupation beta-protein; binding protein; biochemical BoCV  bovine enteric calicivirus pregnancies; biotic potential; biparietal; bi- BOD  biochemical oxygen demand; brachy- phenyl; bipolar; birthplace; bisphosphonate; morphism, onychodysplasia, dysphalangism blood pressure; body plethysmography; boil- [syndrome] ing point; Bolton point; borderline personal- Bod  Bodansky [unit] ity; bowenoid papulosis; breech presentation; BOE  benign occipital epilepsy British Pharmacopoeia; bronchopleural; BOEA  ethyl biscoumacetate bronchopulmonary; buccopulpal; bullous BOEC  blood outgrowth epithelial cell pemphigus/pemphigoid; bypass BOF  branchiooculofacial [syndrome] B/P  blood pressure BOFS  branchiooculofacial syndrome BP II  bipolar type II disorder BOH  board of health BP180  bullous pemphigoid antigen II BoHV  bovine herpesvirus BP230  bullous pemphigoid antigen I BoiHV  Boid herpesvirus bp  base pair; bed pan; boiling point BOILER  Balloon Occlusive Intravascular BPA  basic probability assignment; bisphe- Lysis Enhanced Recanalization [strategy] nol A; blood pressure assembly; bovine BOL  beginning of life plasma albumin; British Paediatric Associa- Bol.  bolus tion; bronchopulmonary aspergillosis; burst- BOLD  bleomycin, Oncovin, lomustine, da- promoting activity carbazine; blood oxygenation–level depen- BPAEC  bovine pulmonary artery endotheli- dent al cell  55 BPAG  bullous pemphigoid antigen BPLA  blood pressure, left arm BPANN  back propagation artificial neural BPM  beats per minute; best partial match network [imaging]; biperidyl mustard; block perfu- B-PAP  bilevel positive airway pressure sion monitor; body protein monitor; breaths BPAR  body part per minute; brompheniramine maleate BPAS  body profile analysis system bpm  beats per minute BPB  biliopancreatic bypass; bromphenol BPMF  British Postgraduate Medical Fed- blue eration BPC  Behavior Problem Checklist; bile BPMS  blood plasma measuring system phospholipid concentration; blood pressure BPN  bacitracin, polymyxin B, neomycin cuff; British Pharmaceutical Codex sulfate; back propagation neural network [al- BPCS  back pain classification scale gorithm]; brachial plexus neuropathy BPD  biparental disomy; biparietal diameter; BPO  basal pepsin output; benzylpenicil­ blood pressure decrease; borderline person- loyl ality disorder; bronchopulmonary dysplasia BPP  binding property pair; biophysical pro- BPDE  benzo(a)pyrene-diol-epoxide file; bovine pancreatic polypeptide; bradyki- BPE  bacterial phosphatidylethanolamine nin potentiating peptide BPEAS  benign partial epilepsy with affec- BP&P  blood pressure and pulse tive symptoms BPPD  Biopesticides and Pollution Preven- BPEC  benign partial epilepsy of childhood; tion Division bipolar electrocardiogram; bipolar electroco- BPPN  benign paroxysmal positioning nys- agulation tagmus BPED  benign proliferative epithelial disor- BPPV  benign paroxysmal positional verti- der go; bovine paragenital papillomavirus BPEG  British Pacing and Electrophysiology BPQ  Berne Pain Questionnaire Group [study] BPR  blood pressure recorder; blood produc- BPEI  blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus tion rate inversus BPRA  blood pressure, right arm BPES  blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus BPROP  back propagation neural network inversus syndrome BPRS  Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; Brief BPF  bandpass filter; bradykinin-potentiating Psychiatric Reacting Scale factor; Brazilian purpuric fever; bronchopul- BPS  Basel Prospective Study; beats per sec- monary fistula; burst-promoting factor ond; Behavioral Pharmacology Society; bio- BPFC  Brazilian purpuric fever clone physical profile score; bits per second; bovine BPG  benzathine penicillin G; D-2,3- papular stomatitis; brain protein solvent; bisphosphoglycerate; blood pressure gauge; breaths per second; bytes per second; sys- bypass graft tolic blood pressure BPGM  bisphosphoglyceromutase Bps, bps  bits per second; bytes per sec- BPH  Bachelor of Public Health; benign ond prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hyper- BPSA  bronchopulmonary segmental artery trophy BPSD  behavioral and psychiatric symptoms BPh  British Pharmacopoeia; buccopharyn- of dementia geal BPSMC  Blood Pressure Study in Mexican Bph  bacteriopheophytin Children BPharm  Bachelor of Pharmacy BPsTh  Bachelor of Psychotherapy BPHC  Bureau of Primary Health Care BPSU  British Paediatric Surveillance Unit BPHEng  Bachelor of Public Health Engi- BPSV  bovine papular stomatitis virus neering BPT  benign paroxysmal torticollis; binding BPheo  bacteriopheophytin property torsion; bronchial provocation test BPHN  Bachelor of Public Health Nursing BPTI  basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor; BPI  bactericidal/permeability increasing basic polyvalent trypsin inhibitor; bovine [protein]; Basic Personality Inventory; beef- pancreatic trypsin inhibitor pork insulin; Behavior Problem Inventory; BPV  bat paramyxovirus; bee paralysis virus; bipolar type 1; blood pressure increase; blood benign paroxysmal vertigo; benign positional pressure index; Brief Pain Inventory vertigo; bioprosthetic valve; bovine papillo- BPIV  bovine parainfluenza virus mavirus; bovine parvovirus BPL  Beneficiary Program Liability; benign BP(Vet)  British Pharmacopoeia (Veteri- proliferative lesion; benzyl penicilloyl- nary) polylysine; beta-propiolactone BPXV  buffalopox virus  56 BPyV  baboon polyomavirus; bovine poly- BRDV  Broadhaven virus omavirus BRE  benign rolandic epilepsy Bq  becquerel BREASTS  bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, BQA  Bureau of Quality Assurance radiotherapy, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, an- BQSV  Barranqueras virus kylosing spondylitis, sarcoidosis, tuberculo- BR  baroreflex; barrier reared [animals]; sis, silicosis baseline recovery; bathroom; bed rest; bed- BRESEK  brain anomalies, retardation of side rounds; bilirubin; biologic response; mentality, ectodermal dysplasia, kidney dys- blink reflex; branchial; breathing rate; breath- plasia/hypoplasia [syndrome] ing training; bronchial, bronchitis, bronchus; BRESHECK  brain anomalies, retardation of Brucella; brush cytology mentality and growth, ectodermal hypopla- Br  brain; breech; bregma; bridge; bromine; sia, Hirschsprung disease, ear deformity and bronchitis; brown; Brucella; brucellosis deafness, eye hypoplasia, cleft palate, crypt- bR  bacteriorhodopsin orchidism, kidney dysplasia/hypoplasia [syn- br  boiling range; brachial; branch; branchi- drome] al; breath; brother BRESUS  British Hospital Resuscitation BRA  bilateral renal agenesis; bone-resorbing Study activity; brain; brain-reactive antibody; BRF  bone-resorbing factor brainstem auditory [response] BRFSS  Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance BRAC  basic rest-activity cycle System Brach  brachial BRH  benign recurrent hematuria; British Brady, brady  bradycardia Regional Heart [study]; Bureau of Radio- BRAFE  brachial, radial, and femoral [ap- logical Health proach] BRHS  British Regional Heart Study BRAGS  Bioelectric Repair and Growth BRIC  benign recurrent intrahepatic cho- Society lestasis BRAIN-ICU  Bringing to Light Risk Factors BRIEF  Behavioral Rating Inventory of Ex- and Incidence of Neuropsychological Dys- ecutive Function function in ICU Survivors [study] BRILLIANT  Blood Pressure, Renal Effects, BRAINS  Biochemical Research and Infor- Insulin Control, Lipids, Lisinopril and Nife- mation Study; Brain Research, Analysis of dipine Trial Images, Networks, and Systems BRIME  brief repetitive isometric maximal BRAMS  Bech-Rafaelson Melancholia Scale exercise BRAO  branch retinal artery occlusion BRIN  Biomedical Research Infrastructure BRAP  burst of rapid atrial pacing Network BrAP  brachial artery pressure Brkf  breakfast BRAT  banana, applesause, rice, and toast BRM  biologic response modifier; biuret re- [diet] Baylor rapid autologous transfusion active material [system] BRMS  Bannayan-Riley-Myhre-Smith [syn- BRAVE  biosense revascularization ap- drome]; Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale proach for viable endocardium BRMV  Berrimah virus BRB  blood-retinal barrier; bright red blood BRN  Board of Registered Nursing BRBC  bovine red blood cell brn  brown BRBN  blue rubber bleb nevus BRO  bronchiolitis obliterans; bronchos­ BRBNS  blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome copy BRBPR  bright red blood per rectum bro  brother BRbx  breast biopsy brom  bromide BRC  brain reserve capacity Bron, Bronch  bronchi, bronchial; bron- Brc  bromocriptine choscopy BRCA  breast cancer BRONJ  bisphosphonate-related osteone- BRCA1, BRCA2  breast cancer susceptibil- crosis of the jaw ity genes Broncho  bronchoscopy BRCD  breast cancer, ductal BRP  bathroom privileges; bilirubin produc- BRCM  below right costal margin tion; biologic reference preparation; bron- BRCS  British Red Cross Society chophony BRCT  Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial Brph  bronchophony BRD  bladder retraining drill; bovine respira- BRR  Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba [syndrome]; tory disease baroreceptor reflex response; breathing re- BrdU, BrdUrd  5-bromodeoxyuridine serve ratio  57 BRS  baroreflex sensitivity; behavior rating BSDAC  Biological Sciences Division of scale; Bibliographic Retrieval Services; Brit- Academic Computing ish Roentgen Society BSDLB  block in the superior division of left BrSM  Brazilian squirrel monkey branch BRSV  bovine respiratory syncytial virus BSE  behavior summarized evaluation; bilat- BRT  Brook reaction test eral intranasal sphenoethmoidectomy; bilater- brth  breath ally symmetric and equal; bovine spongiform BRU  bone remodeling unit encephalopathy; brain surface extractor; 5-BrU  5-bromouracil breast self-examination; bystander effect BrU  bromouracil BSEP  brainstem evoked potential Bruc  Brucella BSER  brainstem evoked response BRUV  Bruconha virus BSF  backscatter factor; B-cell stimulatory BRV  baboon orthoreovirus; bovine rhinovi- factor; benign senescent forgetfulness; bu- rus; Breda virus sulfan BRVO  branch retinal vein occlusion BSG  basigin; biotin streptavidin gold; bran- BRW  Brown-Robert-Wells [system] chio-skeleto-genital [syndrome] BS  Bachelor of Science; Bachelor of Sur- BSG-DNA  biotin streptavidin gold gery; Bacillus subtilis; Bartter syndrome; deoxyribonucleic acid base strap; bedside; before sleep; Behçet syn- BSH  benign sexual headache drome; bilateral symmetric; bile salt; Binet- BSHAA  British Society of Hearing Aid Au- Simon [test]; bismuth sulfite; blood sample; diologists blood sugar; Bloom syndrome; Blue Shield; BSI  behavior status inventory; bloodstream body system; borderline schizophrenia; infection; body substance isolation; border- bowel sound; breaking strength; breath line syndrome index; bound serum iron; sound; British Standard; buffered saline; Bu- brainstem injury; brief symptom inventory; reau of Standards; byte structure British Standards Institution B-S  Björk-Shiley [valve] BSID  Bayley Scale of Infant Development B&S  Brown and Sharp [sutures] BSIF  bile salt independent fraction B/s, b/s  bytes per second BSL  benign symmetric lipomatosis; biosafe- bs  bedside; bowel sound; breath sound ty level; blood sugar level b × s  brother-sister inbreeding BSM  Bachelor of Science in Medicine; BSA  benzenesulfonic acid; Biofeedback So- Björk-Shiley monostrut [valve]; body sur- ciety of America; bismuth-sulfite agar; bis- face mapping trimethylsilyl-acetamide; Blind Service BSMC  bronchial smooth muscle cell Association; Blue Shield Association; body BSN  baccalaureate of science in nursing; surface area; bovine serum albumin; bowel Bachelor of Science in Nursing; bowel sounds active sounds normal bsa  bovine serum albumin BSNA  bowel sounds normal and active BSAG  Bristol Social Adjustment Guide BSO  bilateral sagittal osteotomy; bilateral BSAM  basic sequential access method salpingo-oophorectomy; butathione sulfoxi- BSA-NO  nitrosated bovine serum albumin mine BSAP  brief short-action potential; brief, BSOFP  blood spot on filter paper small, abundant potential BSOP  blood spot on filter paper BSB  body surface burned BSP  bone sialoprotein; sulfobromophtha- BS=BL  breath sounds equal bilaterally lein BSC  bedside care; bedside commode; bench BSp  bronchospasm scale calorimeter; best supportive care; bile BSPA  body space salt concentration; Biological Stain Commis- BSPh  Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy sion; biologic safety cabinet; Biomedical Sci- BSPM  body surface potential mapping ence Corps BSQ  behavior style questionnaire BSc  Bachelor of Science BSQV  Bussuquara virus BSC-1, BS-C-1  Cercopithecus monkey BSR  basal skin resistance; blood sedimenta- kidney cells tion rate; bowel sounds regular; brain stimu- BSCC  Björk-Shiley convexo-concave lation reinforcement; burst suppression ratio; [valve]; British Society for Clinical Cytol- Buschke selective reminding [test] ogy BSS  Bachelor of Sanitary Science; balanced BSCP  bovine spinal cord protein salt solution; Bernard-Soulier syndrome; BSD  bedside drainage; behavioral symp- black silk suture; buffered salt solution; buff- toms of dementia ered single substrate  58 B-SS  Bernard-Soulier syndrome BTPABA  N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminoben- BSSE  bile salt–stimulated esterase zoic acid bSSFP  balanced steady-state free preces- BTPS  at body temperature and ambient pres- sion sure and saturated with water vapor BSSG  beta-sitosterol glucoside (sitoglu- BTR  Bezold-type reflex; biceps tendon re- side) flex; bridge to recovery BSSL  bile salt–stimulated lipase BTr  bovine trypsin BSSO  bilateral sagittal split osteotomy BTRID  binomial transform reduced interfer- BST  bacteriuria screening test; bed nucleus ence distribution of the striae terminalis; blood serologic  BTRS  Belgian Ticlodipine Retinopathy test; bovine somatotropin; brief stimulus Study therapy BTS  Batten syndrome; blood transfusion BSTFA  bis-trifluoroacetamide service; blue toe syndrome; bradycardia- BSU  Bartholin, Skene, urethral [glands]; tachycardia syndrome; British Thoracic basic structural unit; British standard unit Society BSUB  body substance BTSG  Brain Tumor Study Group BSV  banana streak virus; binocular single bTSH  bovine thyroid-stimulating hormone vision BTT  bridge to transplant BS-VLC  byte structure variable length BTU  British thermal unit coding BTV  blue tongue virus BT  bacterial translocation; balanced translo- BTW  biologic and toxin weapon cation; base of tongue; bedtime; biomedical BTWC  Biological and Toxin Weapons Con- technology; bitemporal; bitrochanteric; blad- vention der tumor; Blalock-Taussig [shunt]; bleeding BTX  botulinum toxin; brevetoxin; bunga- time; blood type/typing; blue tetrazolium; rotoxin blue tongue; body temperature; borderline BTx  blood transfusion tuberculoid; bovine turbinate [cells]; brain BTX-A  botulinum toxin serotype A tumor; breast tumor BTX-B  brevetoxin-B Bt  Bacillus thuringiensis BTZ  benzothiazepine bt  bowel tones BU  base of prism up; Bethesda unit; blood BTA  Blood Transfusion Association urea; Bodansky unit; bromouracil; burn unit BTB  breakthrough bleeding; bromthymol Bu  butyl blue bu  bushel BTBL  bromothymol blue lactose BUA  blood uric acid; broadband ultrasonic BTC  basal temperature chart; body tempera- attenuation ture chart; butylcholinesterase BUB  budding uninhibited by benzimidazole BTCG  Brain Tumor Cooperative Group Buc, Bucc  buccal BTD  biliary tract disease BuChE  butyrocholinesterase BTDG  Biological Therapeutics Develop- BUD  budesonide ment Group BUDR  5-bromodeoxyuridine BTDS  benzoylthiamine disulfide BUDS  bilateral upper dorsal sympathec- BTE  behind the ear [hearing aid]; biphasic tomy truncated exponential; bovine thymus extract BUE  both upper extremities BTFS  breast tumor frozen section BUEV  Buenaventura virus BTG  beta-thromboglobulin BUF  buffalo [rat] BTg  bovine trypsinogen BUFUL  bumetanide and furosemide on lipid BThU  British thermal unit [profile] Bti  Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis BUG  buccal ganglion Btk  Bruton tyrosine kinase BUGT  bilirubin-uridine diphosphate gluc- BTKV  Boteke virus uronosyltransferase BTL  bilateral tubal ligation BuHV  bubaline herpesvirus Btl  breathless BUI  brain uptake index BTLS  basic trauma life support BUJV  Bujaru virus BTM  benign tertian malaria; blood tempera- BULIT  bulimia test ture monitor; body temperature monitor; BULL  buccal or upper lingual of lower bone turnover markers BUMED, BuMed  Bureau of Medicine and BTMSA  bis-trimethylsilacetylene Surgery BTP  biliary tract pain; biologic treatment BUMP  behavioral regression or upset in planning; broad terminal phalanges hospitalized medical patients [scale]  59 BUN  blood urea nitrogen BVS  biventricular support; blanked ventric- bun br  bundle branch ular sense BUN/CR  blood urea nitrogen/creatine ratio BVSc  Bachelor of Veterinary Science BUNV  Bunyamwera virus BV/TV  bone volume/trabecular volume BUO  bleeding of undetermined origin; ratio bruising of undetermined origin BVU  bromoisovalerylurea BUQ  both upper quadrants BVV  bovine vaginitis virus BUR  bilateral ureteral occlusion BW  bacteriologic warfare; Beckwith- Burd  Burdick suction Wiedemann [syndrome]; bedwetting; below BUS  Bartholin, urethral, and Skene glands; waist; biologic warfare; biologic weapon; busulfan birth weight; bladder washout; blood Wasser- BUT  break-up time man [reaction]; body water; body weight But, but  butyrate, butyric B&W  black and white BV  bacilliform virus; bacitracin V; bacterial bw  body weight vaginosis; balloon valvuloplasty; biologic BWAV  Bwamba virus value; blood vessel; blood volume; broncho- BWC  bladder wash cytology vesicular BWD  bacillary white diarrhea BVA  Blind Veterans Association; British BWFCM  bladder wash flow cytometry Veterinary Association BWFI  bacteriostatic water for injection BVAD  biventricular assist device BWG  Bland-White-Garland [syndrome] BVC  British Veterinary Codex BWIS  Baltimore-Washington Infant Study BVD  bovine viral diarrhea BWS  battered woman/wife syndrome; BVDT  brief vestibular disorientation test Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome BVDU  bromovinyldeoxyuridine BWST  black widow spider toxin BVDV  bovine viral diarrhea virus BWSV  black widow spider venom BVE  binocular visual efficiency; blood ves- BWT  bilateral Wilms tumor sel endothelium; blood volume expander BWt  birth weight BVEC  bovine valve endothelial cell Bwt  body weight BVF  bone volume fraction; bulboventricular BX, bx  bacitracin X; biopsy foramen Bx  biopsy BVH  biventricular hypertrophy BXO  balanitis xerotica obliterans BVI  blood vessel invasion BXV  Bee virus X BVL  bilateral vas ligation ByCPR  bystander cardiac pulmonary resus- BVM  bag-valve-mask; bronchovascular citation markings; Bureau of Veterinary Medicine BYE  Barile-Yaguchi-Eveland [medium] BVMGT  Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test BYP  Baeza-Yates/Perleberg [algorithm] BVMS  Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine and BYV  bee virus Y Science BZ  benzodiazepine BVO  black vinyl overboot; branch vein oc- Bz, Bzl  benzoyl clusion BZD  benzodiazepine BVP  blood vessel prosthesis; blood volume BZQ  benzquinamide pulse; burst of ventricular pacing BZRP  benzodiazepine receptor peripheral BVR  baboon virus replication; Balloon Val- [type] vuloplasty Registry BZS  Bannayan-Zonana syndrome  60 C1–9  complement proteins 1 to 9 C C1– 9   activated components of comple- ment 1 to 9 C2  prostatic tumor with extracapsular ex- tension and positive margins; second cervical nerve; second cervical vertebra; second com- ponent of complement; second concept; 2C  two component tumor with metastases to lymph nodes and 3C  cranio-cerebello-cardiac syndrome; extension into perirectal adipose tissue three component C2  community capacity C  about [Lat. circa]; ascorbic acid; bruised C2  second rib [Lat. contusus]; calcitonin forming [cell]; 3C  3-component; cranio-cerebello-cardiac calculus; calorie [large]; Campylobacter; syndrome Candida; canine tooth; capability; capaci- C3  prostatic tumor with seminal vesical tance; capsid protein; carbohydrate; carbon; involvement; third cervical nerve; third cer- cardiac; cardiovascular disease; carrier; cast; vical vertebra; third component of comple- cathode; Caucasian; cell; Celsius; centigrade; ment central; central electrode placement in elec- C3  Collins’ solution; third rib troencephalography; centromeric or constitu- C4  controlled collapse chip connection; tive heterochromatic chromosome [banding]; fourth cervical nerve; fourth cervical verte- cerebrospinal; certified; cervical; cesarean bra; fourth component of complement [section]; chest lead [ECG]; chicken; Chla- C5  fifth cervical nerve; fifth cervical verte- mydia; chloramphenicol; cholesterol; class; bra; fifth component of complement clearance; clonus; Clostridium; closure; C6  sixth cervical nerve; sixth cervical verte- clubbing; coarse; cocaine; coefficient; bra; sixth component of complement colorectal tumor with metastases to lymph C7  seventh cervical nerve; seventh cervi- nodes; color sense; colored [guinea pig]; cal vertebra; seventh component of comple- communicating [pacemaker]; complement; ment complex; compliance; component; com- C8  eighth component of complement pound; concentration; concept; conditioned, C9  ninth component of complement conditioning; condyle; constant; consulta- c  about [Lat. circa]; calorie [small]; candle; tion; contamination; contraction; control; canine tooth; capacity; capillary; carat;  conventionally reared [animal]; conver- centi-; clinical; complementary [strand]; con- gence; correct; cortex; coulomb; count; crite- centration; contact; cup; curie; cyclic; meal ria; Cryptococcus; cubic; cubitus; cyanosis; [Lat. cibus]; specific heat capacity; with [Lat. cylinder; cysteine; cytidine; cytochrome; cy- cum] tosine; gallon [Lat. congius]; horn [Lat. c′  coefficient of partage cornu]; hundred [Lat. centum]; molar heat c   with [Lat. cum] capacity; rib [Lat. costa]; total capacitance; c-  centi- [10−1] velocity of light; with [Lat. cum] CA  anterior commissure [Lat. commissura χ  Greek letter chi anterior]; calcium antagonist; California χ2  chi-squared [test, statistic] [rabbit]; cancer; cancer antigen; Candida al- χm  magnetic susceptibility bicans; caproic acid; capsid; capsid protein; χs  electric susceptibility carbohydrate antagonist; carbonic anhydrase; ©  cue carcinoma; cardiac angiography; cardiac °C  degree Celsius apnea; cardiac arrest; cardiac arrhythmia; ca- C′  complement rotid artery; cast; catecholamine, catechol- Cγ  gamma-chain constant region [immuno- aminergic; cathode; Caucasian adult; celiac globulins] axis; cell automation; cellulose acetate; cere- Cκ  kappa light chain constant region [im- bral aqueduct; cerebral atrophy; certification munoglobulins] authority; cervicoaxial; Chemical Abstracts; Cλ  lambda light chain constant region [im- chemotactic activity; child abuse; chloroam- munoglobulins] phetamine; cholic acid; chorioamniotic; Cμ  mu light chain constvant region [immu- chromosomal aberration; chronic anovula- noglobulins] tion; chronologic age; citric acid; clotting C0  concentration zero assay; coagglutination; coarctation of the C1  first cervical nerve; first cervical verte- aorta; Cocaine Anonymous; coefficient of bra; first component of complement absorption; cold agglutinin; colloid antigen; C1  first rib common antigen; compressed air; computer  61 assisted; conceptional age; condyloma acu- CABG-PATCH  Coronary Artery Bypass minatum; coracoacromial; coronary angio- Graft [trial with/without epicardial] Patch plasty; coronary artery; corpora allata; [for automatic implantable cardioverter- corpora amylacea; corpus albicans; corrected defibrillator] [echo] area; cortisone acetate; cricoaryte- CABGS  coronary artery bypass graft sur- noid; cricoid arch; croup associated [virus]; gery cytosine arabinoside; cytotoxic antibody CaBI  calcium bone index C&A  Clinitest and Acetest Ca2+-blocker  calcium channel blocker CA1  carbonic anhydrase I CABM  Center for Advanced Biotechnology CA-2  second colloid antigen and Medicine CA 15.3  marker for breast carcinoma CABMET  Colorado Association of Biomed- CA 19.9  marker for colorectal and pancre- ical Engineering Technicians atic carcinomas CABP  community-acquired bacterial pneu- CA 27.29  marker for breast carcinoma monia CA 50  marker for pancreatic or colorectal CaBP  calcium-binding protein carcinomas CABRI  Coronary Angioplasty versus Bypass CA 72.4  marker for gastrointestinal and Revascularization Investigation; Coronary Ar- ovarian carcinomas tery Bypass Revascularization Investigation CA 125  marker for ovarian and endome- CABS  citric acid–buffered saline; continu- trial carcinomas ous ambulatory blood sampler; coronary ar- CA 242  marker for pancreatic and colorec- tery bypass surgery tal carcinomas CABV  Cabassou virus CA 549  marker for breast carcinoma cabyv  cucurbit aphid-borne yellow virus Ca  calcium; cancer; Candida albicans; car- CAC  Carcinogeneity Assessment Commit- cinoma; cathode tee; cardiac-accelerator center; cardiac arrest ca  about [Lat. circa]; candle; carcinoma code; children’s asthma center; circulating CAA  carotid audiofrequency analysis; cere- anticoagulant; clinical application coordina- bral amyloid angiopathy; circulating anodic tor antigen; Clean Air Act; computer-assisted as- CaCC  calcium-sensitive chloride channel; sessment; constitutional aplastic anemia; cathodal closure contraction coronary artery aneurysm; crystalline amino CAC/CIC  chronic active/inactive cirrhosis acids CACCN  Canadian Association of Critical CAADAC  California Association of Alcohol Care Nurses and Drug Abuse Counselors CACHET  Comparison of Abciximab Com- CAAH  chronic active autoimmune hepa- plications with Hirulog for Ischemic Events titis Trial CAAHEP  Commission on Accreditation of CACI  collagen-covered autologous chon- Allied Health Education Programs drocyte implantation CAAS  cardiovascular angiographic analysis CACP  cisplatin system; Commission on Accreditation of CACS  cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome Ambulance Services CaCTe  cathodal closure tetanus CAASET  Canadian Amlodipine and Ateno- CACTIS  Comparison of Aspirin with Clopi- lol Stress Echo Trial dogrel or Ticlopidine in Stents [trial] CAAT  computer-assisted axial tomography CACV  cacao virus CAAV  canine adeno-associated virus CaCV  canine calicivirus CAAX [box]  protein segment in which C CaCX  cancer of cervix is cysteine, A is usually but not always an CACY  calcyclin aliphatic amino acid, and X is methionine or CAD  cadaver, cadaveric; central appoint- serine ment desk; chronic actinic dermatitis; coen- CAB  captive air bubble; cellulose acetate zyme A dehydrogenase; cold agglutinin butyrate; community advisory board; coro- disease; collisionally activated dissociation; nary artery bypass compressed air disease; computer-aided de- CABADAS  [prevention of] Coronary Artery sign; computer-aided detection; computer- Bypass Graft Occlusion by Aspirin, Dipyri- aided dispatch; computer-assisted design; damole and Acenocoumarol Study computer-assisted diagnosis; congenital ab- CABBS  computer-assisted blood back- duction deficiency; coronary artery disease; ground subtraction coronoradiographic documentation CABF  coronary artery blood flow Cad  cadaver, cadaveric CABG  coronary artery bypass grafting CADA  Council on Alcohol and Drug Abuse  62 CADASIL  cerebral autosomal dominant ar- [navigation]; common assembly format; cor- teriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leu- tical activation function koencephalopathy Caf  caffeine CADASILM  cerebral autosomal dominant CAFA  Canadian Atrial Fibrillation Antico- arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts, leuko- agulation [study] encephalopathy, and migraine CAFE  Coronary Artery Flow Evaluation CAD/CAM  computer-aided design/com- CAFS  Canadian Atrial Fibrillation Study puter-aided manufacturing CAG  cholangiogram, cholangiography; CADCCC  Central Australia Disease Control chronic atrophic gastritis; coronary angiogra- Coordinating Committee phy CADD  computer-aided drug design CAGA  calgranulin A CADHYP  Coronary Artery Disease in Hy- CAGB  calgranulin B pertension [study] CAGC  Canadian Association of Genetic CADI  coronary artery disease index Counsellors CADILLAC  Controlled Abciximab and De- CAGE  capillary affinity gel electrophoresis; vice Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty cerebral arterial gas embolism; cut down, an- Complications [study] noyed by criticism, guilty about drinking, CADL  communicative abilities in daily liv- “eye-opener” drink in the morning [screening ing test for alcoholism] CADMIO  computer-assisted design for CAH  CAS [Chemical Abstracts] Surveyor medical information objectives Hazardous Materials; chronic active hepati- cADPR  cyclic adenosinediphosphate-ribose tis; chronic aggressive hepatitis; combined CADR  coronary artery descriptors and reste- atrial hypertrophy; congenital adrenal hyper- nosis plasia; cyanacetic acid hydrazide CADRES  Coronary Artery Descriptors and CAHCIM  Consortium of Academic Health Restenosis [project] Centers for Integrative Medicine CADS  Captopril and Digoxin Study CAHD  coronary arteriosclerotic heart dis- CaDTe  cathodal-duration tetanus ease CADV  Cano Delgadito virus CAHEA  Committee on Allied Health Edu- CAdV  canine adenovirus; caprine adenovi- cation and Accreditation rus CAHMR  cataract, hypertrichosis, mental re- CADx  computer-aided diagnosis tardation [syndrome] CAE  caprine arthritis-encephalitis; cellulose CAHPS  Consumer Assessment of Health acetate electrophoresis; childhood absence Plans Survey epilepsy; contingent aftereffects; coronary CAHS  central alveolar hypoventilation syn- artery embolism drome CaE  calcium excretion CAHV  central alveolar hypoventilation CaEDTA  calcium disodium ethylene-dia­ CaHV  canid herpesvirus minetetraacetate CAI  celiac artery infusion; cellular adaptive CAE-IEF  cellulose acetate-isoelectric focus- immunotherapy; chemical accident or inci- ing [electrophoresis] dent; complete androgen insensitivity; CAEP  Canadian Association of Emergency computer-assisted instruction; computer- Physicians; cortical auditory evoked poten- assisted interview; confluence of infor­ tial matics CAER  community awareness and emergen- CAID  computer-aided implant dentistry cy response CAIRA  chemical accident or incident re- CAESA  computer-assisted estimation of sponse and assistance synthetic accessibility CAIS  complete androgen insensitivity syn- CAESAR  Canada, Australia, Europe and drome South Africa Republic [trial]; computer- CAIUS  Carotid Atherosclerosis Italian Ul- assisted ear, nose, and throat surgery  trasound Study using augmented reality; Computer-Assisted CAIV  Caimito virus Evaluation of Stenosis and Restenosis [sys- CaIV  Campoletis aprilis ichnovirus tem] CAIV-T  cold-adapted influenza virus vac- CAEV  caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus; cine, trivalent Chironomus attenuatus entomopoxvirus C(a-jb)O2  arterial-jugular bulb venous oxy- CAF  carcinoma-associated fibroblast; cell gen [ratio] adhesion factor; citric acid fermentation; CAK  cyclin-dependent kinase-activating ki- combined acetabular and femoral nase  63 cAK  cyclic adenosine monophosphate CAMD  computer-aided molecular design [cAMP]-dependent protein kinase CAMDEX  Cambridge mental disorders of CAL  café au lait; calcium test; calculated the elderly examination average life; calories; chronic airflow limita- CAMF  cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, tion; computer-assisted learning; coracoacro- methotrexate, fluorouracil mial ligament CAMFAK  cataract, -microcephaly, failure Cal  caliber; large calorie to thrive, kyphoscoliosis [syndrome] cal  small calorie CAMH  Centre for Addiction and Mental Calb  albumin clearance Health CALC  calcitonin CAMI  Canadian Assessment of Myocardial Calc  calcium Infarction [study]; computer-assisted medi- calc  calculation cal intervention calcif  calcification CAMIAT  Canadian Amiodarone Myocardi- CALCR  calcitonin receptor al Infarction Arrhythmia Trial; Canadian CALD  chronic active liver disease Myocardial Infarction Amiodarone Trial CALGB  cancer and leukemia group B CAMIS  Center for Applied Medical Infor- CALH  chronic active lupoid hepatitis mation Systems Research CalHV  callitrichine herpesvirus CAMK  calmodulin-dependent protein ki- cALL  common null cell acute lymphocytic nase leukemia CaMK  calcium-mediated kinase CALLA, cALLA  common acute lymphoblas- CAML  cystic adenomatoid malformation of tic leukemia antigen the lung CALM  café-au-lait macules CAMP   Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen CALP  congenital absence of left pericardi- [test]; computer-assisted management proto- um col; computer-assisted menu planning; con- CALS  café-au-lait spots centration of adenosine monophosphate; CaLV  cardamine latent virus cyclic adenosine monophosphate; cyclophos- CALYPSO  Cylexin as an Adjunct to Lytic phamide, Adriamycin, methotrexate, and Therapy to Prevent Superoxide Reflow In- procarbazine jury [trial] cAMP  cyclic adenosine monophosphate CAM  calf aortic microsome; cell adhe- CAMPASS  Cambridge Database on Protein sion molecule; cell-associating molecule; Alignments Organized as Structural Super- chemical agent monitor; chorioallantoic families membrane; combined approach matrix; com- CAMRT  Canadian Association of Medical plementary and alternative medicine; com- Radiation Technologists pressed adjacency matrix; computer-assisted CAMS  computer-assisted monitoring sys- myelography; confusion assessment method; tem content-addressable memory; contralateral CAMT  Center for Advanced Medical Tech- axillary metastasis; cystic adenomatoid mal- nology formation CAMTS  Commission for Accreditation of CaM  calmodulin Medical Transport Services Cam  amylase clearance CAMV  congenital anomaly of mitral CaM-A  calmodulin-agarose valve CAMAC  computer-automated measurement CAMVA  chorioallantoic membrane vascu- and control lar assay CAMAK  cataract, microcephaly, arthrogry- CAN  cardiac autonomic neuropathy posis, kyphosis [syndrome] Can  cancer; Candida; Cannabis CAMAT  Canadian Amiodarone Myocardial CA/N  child abuse and neglect Infarction Arrhythmia Trial CANA  circulating antineuronal antibody CAMC  camera-augmented mobile C-arm; CaNaEDTA  calcium-disodium ethylenedi- computer application in medical care; com- amine tetraacetic acid puter analysis of mammography phantom CANAHOP  Canadian Ambulatory, Home images and Office Pressure Study CAMCAM  Center for Assessment and Man- CANARIE  Canadian Network for the Ad- agement of Changes in Academic Medicine vancement of Research, Industry, and Educa- CAMCAT  Canadian Multicenter Clentia- tion zem Angina Trial canc  cancelled CAMCOG  Cambridge cognitive capacity C-ANCA  cytoplasmic antineutrophilic cy- scale toplasmic antibody  64 c-ANCA  antineutrophil antibodies against CAPARES  Coronary Angioplasty Amlodip- protease 3 in cytoplasmic granules ine in Restenosis [trial] CANCERPROJ  Cancer Research Projects CAPAS  Cutting Balloon Angioplasty vs. CANDA  computer-assisted new drug appli- Plain Old Balloon Angioplasty Randomized cation Study CANDELA  computer-assisted notification CAPBL  computer-assisted problem-based of drug effects on laboratory animals  learning [test] CAPCC  Canadian Association of Poison CANDY  Communication Aids Negating Control Centers Disabilities of Youth CAPD  continuous ambulatory peritoneal di- CA*net  Canada’s High-Performance Net- alysis work CAPE  Circadian Antiischemia Program in CANOST  Autocanonization System for Or- Europe; Clifton assessment procedures for the ganic Structures elderly; computer-assisted patient emulator CANP  calcium-activated neutral protease; CAPERS  Computer-Assisted Psychiatric Certified Adult Nurse Practitioner Evaluation and Review System CANPA  Central Alabama Nurse Practitio- CapEx  capital expenditure ner Association CAPHIS  Consumer and Patient Health In- CANS  central auditory nervous system formation Section CAN’T LEAP  cyclosporine, alcohol, nico- CAPI  computer-assisted personal interview; tinic acid, thiazides, lasix, ethambutanol, as- cryptographic applications programming in- pirin, pyrazinamide terface CANV  Caninde virus CAP-IT  Client Adherence Profiling-Inter- CANX  calnexin vention Tailoring [model] CAO  chronic airway obstruction; coronary CAPITOL  Captopril Postinfarction Toler- artery obstruction ance [trial] CAO2, CaO2  arterial oxygen content CapLV  caper latent virus CaOC  cathodal opening contraction CAPM  continuous airway pressure monitor- CaOCL  cathodal opening clonus ing CAOD  coronary artery occlusive disease Capox-RT  capecitabine and radiotherapy CAOHC  Council for Accreditation of Oc- CAPP  Captopril Prevention Project [study]; cupational Hearing Conservation computer-assisted preoperative planning; CAOM  chronic adhesive otitis media Concerted Action Polyp Prevention CAOS  computer-assisted orthopedic sur- CAPPHY  Captopril Primary Prevention in gery Hypertension [study] CAOT  Canadian Association of Occupa- CAPPP  Captopril Prevention Project tional Therapists CAPPS  Current and Past Psychopathology CaOTe  cathodal opening tetanus Scale CAP  camptodactyly, arthropathy, pericardi- CAPRCA  chronic, acquired, pure red cell tis [syndrome]; Canada Assistance Plan; cap- aplasia sule; captopril; Caribbean Association of CAPRI  Cardiopulmonary Research Insti- Pharmacists; catabolite gene activator pro- tute tein; cell attachment protein; cellular acetate CAPRICORN  Carvedilol Postinfarct Sur- propionate; cellulose acetate phthalate; cen- vival Controlled Evaluation tral apical part; chloramphenicol; chronic CAPRIE  Clopidogrel vs. Aspirin in Patients alcoholic pancreatitis; clinical access pro- at Risk of Ischemic Events gram; College of American Pathologists; CAPS  Cardiac Arrhythmia Pilot Study; care community-acquired pneumonia; comple- profile system; CIAS1-related autoinflam- ment-activated plasma; compound action matory periodic syndromes; community potential; coupled atrial pacing; cyclophos- adjustment profile system; computer-aided phamide, Adriamycin, and Platinol; cystine prototyping system; cryopyrin-associated aminopeptidase periodic syndromes CAP  cationic antimicrobial protein; circum- caps  capsule ference of apex CAPSS  columnar alteration with prominent CaP  carcinoma of the prostate apical snouts and secretions cap  capacity; capsule CAPTIN  Captopril Before Reperfusion in CAPA  cancer-associated polypeptide anti- Acute Myocardial Infarction [trial]; Capto- gen; Certified Ambulatory Perianesthesia pril Plus Tissue Plasminogen Activator Fol- Nurse lowing Acute Myocardial Infarction [trial]  65 CAPTISM  Captopril Insulin Sensitivity CARET  Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Multicenter [study] Trial CAPTURE  Chimeric 7E3 Antiplatelet Ther- CARF  Commission on Accreditation of Re- apy in Unstable Refractory Angina [trial] habilitation Facilities CAPV  Capim virus CARG  coronary artery [bypass] grafting CAQ  Certificate of Added Qualifications CARhd  high-dose carvedilol CAR  Canadian Association of Radiologists; CarIV  Casinaria arjuna ichnovirus cancer-associated retinopathy; Cardiac Abla- CARMEN  Carvedilol Angiotensin Convert- tion Registry; cardiac ambulation routine; ing Enzyme Inhibitors Remodelling Mild carvedilol; cell adhesion regulator; chronic Heart Failure Evaluation articular rheumatism; computer-assisted ra- CARN  Certified Addictions Registered diology; computer-assisted research; condi- Nurse tioned avoidance response; congenital CARP  carbonic anhydrase–related polypep- articular rigidity; constitutive androstane re- tide ceptor; coping, adaptation, and resilience CARPORT  Coronary Artery Restenosis Pre- functions vention on Repeated Thromboxane A2- car  carotid Receptor Antagonism Study CARA  chronic aspecific respiratory ailment CARS  Childhood Autism Rating Scale; CARAF  Canadian Registry of Atrial Fibril- Children’s Affective Rating Scale; Coronary lation Artery Regression Study; Coumadin Aspirin CARAFE  Cocktail Attenuation of Rotational Reinfarction Study; cysteinyl-transfer ribo- Ablation Flow Effects [study] nucleic acid synthetase CAR AMP  carotid pulse amplitude CART  classification and regression tree; CARAT  Coronary Angioplasty and Rotabla- cocaine-related transcript; Colchicine Angio- tor Atherectomy Trial; coronary artery risk plasty Restenosis Trial; computer-assisted assessment and treatment radiotherapy; constrained access robotic CARB  carbohydrate; coronary artery bypass therapy graft cART  combination antiretroviral therapy carb  carbohydrate; carbonate cart  cartilage carbo  carbohydrate CARV  Caraparu virus CARC  chemical agent resistant coating CAS  calcarine sulcus; calcific aortic steno- CARD  cardiac automatic resuscitative de- sis; Cancer Attitude Survey; carbohydrate- vice; caspase activating and recruiting do- active steroid; Cardiac Adjustment Scale; main cardiac surgery; carotid artery stenting; card  cardiac Celite-activated normal serum; Center for CARDIA  Coronary Artery Risk Develop- Alcohol Studies; central anticholinergic syn- ment in Young Adults [study] drome; cerebral atherosclerosis; Chemical CARDIAC  Cardiovascular Disease and Ali- Abstract Service; clinical application suite; mentary Comparison [study] clinical assessment score; clinical asthma card insuff  cardiac insufficiency score; Cognitive Assessment Scale; cold ag- cardiol  cardiology glutinin syndrome; computer-assisted sur- CARDIS  Cardiology Information System gery; congenital alcoholic syndrome; CARD PORT  Cardiac Arrhythmia and Risk contralateral acoustic stimulation; control of Death Patient Outcome Research Team adjustment strap; coronary artery spasm; CARE  calcium antagonist in reperfusion; Council of Academic Societies cardiac arrhythmias research and educa- Cas  casualty tion; Carvedilol Atherectomy Restenosis cas  castration, castrated [trial]; Cholesterol and Recurrent Events CASA  cancer-associated serum antigen; [study]; comprehensive assessment and re- Center for Addiction and Substance Abuse; ferral evaluation; computerized adult and clinical assessment software application; records evaluation [system]; computerized computer-assisted self-assessment; comput- clinical assessment, research and education; er-assisted semen analysis cyclic adenosine monophosphate response  CASANOVA  Coronary Artery Stenosis element with Asymptomatic Narrowing: Operation CAREC  Caribbean Epidemiology Centre vs. Aspirin [study] CAREID  Canada-Asia Regional Emerging CASCADE  Cardiac Arrest in Seattle: Con- Infectious Diseases Project ventional vs. Amiodarone Drug Evaluation; CARES  cancer rehabilitation evaluation sys- Conventional Arrhythmic vs. Amiodarone in tem Survivors of Cardiac Arrest Drug Evaluation  66 CASD  computer-assisted synthesis design test; Cardiomyopathy Trial; care support ter- CASE  Community, Attachment, Structures minal; catalase; cataract; catecholamine; and Epidemic [study]; computer-aided simu- Children’s Apperception Test; Chinese An- lation of clinical encounter; computer-aided giotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor in systems engineering; coordinated activities, Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial; chloram- services, and encounters phenicol acetyltransferase; chlormerodrin CASET  Carotid Artery Stenting vs. Endar- accumulation test; choline acetyltransferase; terectomy Trial chronic abdominal tympany; Cognitive Abil- CASG  Collaborative Antiviral Study Group ities Test; Columbia Center for Advanced CASH  Cancer and Steroid Hormone [study]; Technology; computed abdominal tomogra- Cardiac Arrest Study, Hamburg; Caring phy; computed axial tomography; computer- About Seniors’ Health [study]; Commission assisted tomography; computer of average for Administrative Services in Hospitals; transients; coronary angioplasty trial; criti- Consensus Action on Salt and Hypertension; cally appraised topic corticoadrenal stimulating hormone; cruci- cat  catalysis, catalyst; cataract form anterior spinal hyperextension CAT’ase  catalase CASHD  coronary arteriosclerotic heart dis- CATB  catalase B ease CAT-CAM  contoured adduction trochanter- CASI  cognitive abilities screening instru- ic-controlled alignment method ment; computer-assisted self-interviewing CATCEC  Computer-Supported Assessment CASIS  Canadian Amlodipine/Atenolol in and Treatment Consultation for Emotional Silent Ischemia Study; Coronary Artery Stent Crises Implantation Study CATCH  Canadian Association of Teachers CASMD  congenital atonic sclerotic muscu- of Community Health; Child and Adolescent lar dystrophy Trial for Cardiovascular Health; Community CASP  Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Action to Control High Blood Pressure; com- CASPER  computer-assisted pericardial prehensive assessment for tracking commu- puncture; computer-assisted pericardial sur- nity health; critically attained threshold of gery cerebral hypoperfusion CaspIV  Casinaria sp. ichnovirus CATCH 22  cardiac defects, abnormal facies, CASPR  contactin-associated protein thymic hypoplasia, cleft palate, hypocalcemia CASQ  calsequestrin [syndrome] CASR, CaSR  calcium-sensing receptor CAT/CLAM  Clinical Adaptive Test/Clinical CAS-REGN  Chemical Abstract Service Linguistics Auditory Milestones Registry Number Cath  cathartic; catheter, catheterize CASRN  Chemical Abstract Service Regis- cath  catheterization try Number CATI  computer-assisted telephone inter- CASRT  corrected adjusted sinus node recov- view ery time CATIPO  Computer-Aided Therapy Plan- CASS  cataract, alopecia, sclerodactyly syn- ning in Pediatric Oncology drome; Coronary Artery Surgery Study CATIS  China Antihypertensive Trial in CASSIS  Classification and Search Support Acute Ischemic Stroke Information System; Czech and Slovak Spi- CATLINE  Catalog Online rapril Intervention Study CATN-I  Course in Advanced Trauma CAST  calpastatin; Canonical Representation Nursing-Instructor of Stereochemistry [coding]; Cardiac Ar- CATN-P  Course in Advanced Trauma rhythmia Suppression Trial; Carotid Artery Nursing-Provider Stenting Trial; Childhood Autism Screening CATS  Canadian American Ticlopidine Test; Children of Alcoholism Screening Test; Study; Captopril and Thrombolysis Study; Chinese Acute Stroke Trial; circumference Child Abuse Trauma Scale paraxillary superficial tumescent liposuction; CAT-S  Children’s Apperception Test, Sup- computer-adaptive sequential testing; cyclic plemental amplification and selection of targets CAT scan  computed axial tomography scan CASTEL  Cardiovascular Study in the CATSIM  computer case simulation Elderly CATT  calcium tolerance test CASTOR  Coronary Angioscopic Study of CATUV  Catu virus Restenosis CAU  central abdomen uptake [finding] CAT  California Achievement Test; cancer Cauc  Caucasian after transplantation; capillary agglutination caud  caudal  67 caut  cauterization compensated base; consensus band; conus CAUV  congenital absence of the uterus and branch; Coomassie blue; coprocessor board; vagina coracobrachial CAV  cardiac allograft vasculopathy; Chara Cb  cerebellum; niobium [columbium] australis virus; chicken anemia virus; con- C3b  complement component 3b genital absence of vagina; congenital adrenal CBA  chronic bronchitis and asthma; Colum- virilism; constant angular velocity; croup- bia blood agar [test]; cost-benefit analysis associated virus CBAB  complement-binding antibody cav  cavity CBADAA  Certifying Board of the American CAVA  Coronary Atherectomy vs. Angio- Dental Assistants Association plasty [study] CBAS  carotid bifurcation angioplasty and CAVATAS  Carotid and Vertebral Artery stenting Transluminal Angioplasty Study CBAVD  congenital bilateral absence of vas CAVB  complete atrioventricular block deferens CAVD  complete atrioventricular dissocia- CBBEST  cutting balloon before stent tion; completion, arithmetic problems, vo- CBBM  color blindness, blue mono-cone- cabulary, following directions [test]; monochromatic type congenital aplasia of vas deferens CBC  carbenicillin; child behavior character- CAVE  cerebroacrovisceral–early lethality istics; compensatory base change; complete [phenotype] blood cell count CAVEAT  Coronary Angioplasty vs. Exci- cbc  complete blood cell count sional Atherectomy Trial CBCL  Child Behavior Checklist; cutaneous CAVEAT-I  Comparison of Directional B-cell lymphoma Atherectomy vs. Coronary Angioplasty Trial CBCL/2–3  Child Behavior Checklist for CAVEAT-II  Coronary Angioplasty vs. Di- ages 2 to 3 rectional Atherectomy for Patients with Sa- CBCL-OCS  Child Behavior Checklist Ob- phenous Vein Bypass Graft Lesions [trial] sessive Compulsive Subscale CAVG  coronary artery vein graft CBCN  carbenicillin CAVH  continuous arteriovenous hemofiltra- CBCT  cone-beam computed tomography tion CbCtx  cerebellar cortex CAVHD  continuous arteriovenous hemodi- CBD  carotid body denervation; closed blad- alysis der drainage; color blindness, deutan type; CAVHDF  continuous arteriovenous hemo- common bile duct; Convention on Biological diafiltration Diversity CavHV  caviid herpesvirus CBDC  chronic bullous disease of children CAVLT  Children’s Auditory Verbal Learn- CBDE  Chemical and Biological Defense Es- ing Test tablishment; common bile duct exploration CAVO  common atrioventricular orifice CBDMP  California Birth Defects Monitor- C(a-v)O2  arteriovenous oxygen tension dif- ing Program ference CBDPR  computer-based dental patient re- C[a & v]O 2   arteriovenous gradient of oxy- cord gen content CBDV  Colocasia bobone disease virus CAVR  continuous arteriovenous rewarming CBE  clinical breast examination CAVS  Conformance Assessment to Volun- CBER  Center for Biologics Evaluation and tary Standards Research CAVSD  complete atrioventricular septal de- CBET  certified biomedical equipment tech- fect nician CAVU  continuous arteriovenous ultrafiltra- CBEV  Choristoneura biennis entomopoxvi- tion rus CAW  central airway CBF  capillary blood flow; cerebral blood CAW  airway conductance flow; ciliary beat frequency; collagen- CAX  central axis binding factor; core-binding factor; coronary CaYMV  canine yellow mottle virus blood flow; cortical blood flow 8CB  octylcyanobiphenyl CBFB  core-binding factor beta CB  Bachelor of Surgery [Lat. Chirurgiae CBFb  beta subunit of core-binding factor Baccalaureus]; calcium blocker; cannabinoid; CBFV  coronary blood flow velocity carbenicillin; carotid body; chocolate blood CBG  capillary blood gases; coronary bypass [agar]; chromatin body; chronic bronchitis; graft; corticosteroid-binding globulin; corti- circumflex branch; code blue; color blind; sol-binding globulin  68 CBGv  corticosteroid-binding globulin vari- instruction; cord blood transplant; corti- ant cobulbar tract CBH  chronic benign hepatitis; cutaneous CBV  capillary blood cell velocity; catheter basophilic hypersensitivity balloon valvuloplasty; central blood volume; CbHV  cebine herpesvirus cerebral blood volume; circulating blood vol- CBI  chemical binding index; children’s be- ume; corrected blood volume; cortical blood havior inventory; combined behavioral inter- volume; Coxsackie B virus vention; continuous bladder irrigation; CBVD  cerebrovascular disease convergent beam irradiation CBVI  computer-based video instruction CBIC  Certification Board of Infection Con- CBW  chemical and biologic warfare trol and Epidemiology CBX  computer-based examination CBL  chronic blood loss; circulating blood CBZ  carbamazepine lymphocyte; cord blood leukocytes CC  calcaneal cuboid; calcium cyclamate; calf Cbl  cobalamin circumference; cardiac catheterization; car- CBM  capillary basement membrane diac center; cardiac contusion; cardiac cycle; CBMMP  chronic benign mucous membrane cardiovascular clinic; cascade correlation; pemphigus cell culture; central compartment; cerebral CBN  cannabinol; central benign neoplasm; commissure; cerebral cortex; cervical cancer; Commission on Biological Nomenclature chest circumference; chief complaint; cho- CBNB  Chemical Business News Database lecalciferol; choledochocholedochostomy; CBNV  Colony B North virus chondrocalcinosis; choriocarcinoma; chronic CBO  community-based organization; Con- complainer; circulatory collapse; classical gressional Budget Office conditioning; clean catch; clinical center; clin- CBOC  completion bed occupancy care ical course; clomiphene citrate; closed cup; CBOD  chemical and biological oxygen de- closing capacity; coefficient of consistency; mand collagenous colitis; colony count; colorectal CBOD5  5-day chemical and biological oxy- cancer; columnar cells; commission certi- gen fied; common cold; communication client; CBP  calcium-binding protein; carbohydrate- complicating condition; complications and binding protein; cardiopulmonary bypass; comorbidity; compound cathartic; computa- chlorobiphenyl; cobalamin-binding protein; tion constant; computer calculated; computer color blindness, protan type; convolution center; concordance; congenital cardiopathy; back projection; cruciform binding protein; congenital cataract; consumptive coagulopa- cyclic adenosine monophosphate [cAMP] thy; contrast cystogram; conversion com- binding protein plete; coracoclavicular; cord compression; C4BP  complement 4 binding protein coronary care; corpus callosum; correlation CBPR  community-based participatory re- coefficient; costochondral; Coulter counter; search; computer-based patient record craniocaudal; craniocervical; creatinine clear- CBPS  chemical and biological protected ance; critical care; critical condition; Crohn shelter; congenital bilateral perisylvian syn- colitis; Cronkhite-Canada [syndrome]; cross drome correlation; crus cerebri; cubic centimeter; CBPV  chronic bee paralysis virus current complaint; Current Contents CBR  carbonyl reductase; case-based reason- C-C  convexo-concave ing; chemical, biologic, and radiologic [war- C&C  cold and clammy fare]; chemically bound residue; chronic/ Cc  concave complete bed rest; crude birth rate cc  carbon copy; clean catch; concave; cor- CBRL  contextual bayesian relaxation label- rected; cubic centimeter ing technique CCA  canonical correlation; cephalin choles- CBS  cervicobrachial syndrome; chronic terol antigen; chick cell agglutination; chim- brain syndrome; clinical behavioral science; panzee coryza agent; cholangiocarcinoma; conjugated bile salts; culture-bound syn- choriocarcinoma; chromated copper arse- drome; cystathionine beta-synthase nate; circulating cathodic antigen; circumflex CB3S  Coxsackie B3 virus susceptibility coronary artery; common carotid artery; con- CBSD  component-based software develop- genital contractural arachnodactyly; constitu- ment tional chromosome abnormality CBT  carotid body tumor; code blue team; CCAB  complex cognitive assessment bat- cognitive behavioral treatment/therapy; tery computed body tomography; computer- CCABOT  Cornell Coronary Artery Bypass based testing; computer-based training Outcomes Trial  69 CCAg  corpus callosum agenesis lar disease; cortical collecting duct; counter- CCAIT  Canadian Coronary Atherosclerosis current distribution; cumulative cardiotoxic Intervention Trial dose CCAM  congenital cystic adenomatoid mal- CCDC  Canadian Communicable Disease formation; General Classification of Medical Center; consultant in communicable disease Procedures [Fr. Classification Commune des control Actes Medicaux] CCD-CAMPI  charge-coupled device com- CCAP  Cancer Chromosomal Aberration puter analysis of mammography phantom Project; client-centered accreditation pro- images gram CCDN  Central Council for District Nursing C-CAP  custom-contoured ablation pattern ccDNA  closed circle deoxyribonucleic acid CCAT  Canadian Coronary Atherectomy CCDS  case cart delivery system; color- Trial; chick cell agglutination test; congluti- coded duplex sonography nating complement absorption test CCE  capacitative calcium entry; carboline CCB  calcium channel blocker carboxylic acid ester; chamois contagious CCBD  central cell-binding domain ecthyma; cholesterol crystal emboli; clear- CCBV  central circulating blood volume cell endothelioma; clubbing, cyanosis, and CCC  Canadian Cardiovascular Coalition edema; cornified cell envelope; countercur- [study]; care-cure coordination; cathodal rent electrophoresis; cruciform cutting endo- closure contraction; center for clinical com- nuclease puting; child care center; Children’s Com- CCEHRP  Committee to Coordinate Envi- munication Checklist; chlorcholine chloride; ronmental Health and Related Programs chronic calculus cholecystitis; chronic ca- CCEI  Crown-Crisp Experimental Index tarrhal colitis; citrated calcium cyanamide; CCEV  Choristoneura conflicta entomopox- comprehensive cancer center; comprehen- virus sive care clinic; concentration, clustering, CCF  cancer coagulation factor; cardiolipin and continuity; concurrent care concern; complement fixation; carotid cavernous fis- consecutive case conference; continuous tula; centrifuged culture fluid; cephalin- curvilinear capsulotomy; Council on Clini- cholesterol flocculation; chronic cardiac cal Classification; cranio-cerebello-cardiac failure; compound comminuted fracture; [dysplasia, syndrome]; critical care complex; congestive heart failure; cross-correlation cylindrical confronting cisternae function; crystal-induced chemotactic factor CC&C  colony count and culture CCFA  cefotoxin-cycloserine fructose agar; CCCC  centrifugal countercurrent chroma- Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America tography CCFAS  compact colony-forming active sub- CCCCP  Comprehensive Cardiovascular stance Community Control Program CCFE  cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, fluoro- CCCD  cooled charge-coupled device uracil, and extramustine cccDNA  covalently closed circular deoxyri- CCFMG  Cooperating Committee on For- bonucleic acid eign Medical Graduates CCCE  cross-cultural cognitive examination CCG  Children’s Cancer Study Group; cho- CCCl  cathodal closure clonus lecystogram, cholecystography; clinically CC/CM  Current Contents/Clinical Medi- coherent group; costochondral graft cine CCGC  capillary column gas chromatogra- CCCN  Certified Continence Care Nurse; phy community care coordination network CCGS  cell cycle G and S CCCP  carbonyl cyanide m-chloro-phenyl- CCH  C-cell hyperplasia; central clinical hydrazone hospital; chronic chloride hemagglutination; CCCR  closed chest cardiac resuscitation chronic cholestatic hepatitis; cross-correla- CCCS  condom catheter collecting system; tion histogram critical care computer system CCHA  Canadian Council on Hospital Ac- CCCT  closed craniocerebral trauma creditation CCCU  comprehensive cardiac care unit CCHAT  Canadian Cozaar, Hyzaar, and Am- CCCV  Callistephus chinensis chlorosis lodipine Trial virus CC-HC  coordinated collective homecare CCD  calibration curve data; central collodi- CCHD  Caephilly Collaborative Heart Dis- aphyseal; central core disease; charge- ease [study]; cyanotic congenital heart dis- coupled device; childhood celiac disease; ease cleidocranial dysplasia; clinical cardiovascu- CCHE  Central Council for Health Education  70 CCHF, C-CHF  Crimean-Congo hemorrhag- CCMG  Canadian College of Medical Ge- ic fever neticists CCHFA  Canadian Council on Health Facili- CCML  Comprehensive Core Medical Li- ties Accreditation brary CCHMS  Central Committee for Hospital CCMS  cerebrocostomandibular syndrome; Medical Services clean catch midstream; clinical care manage- CCHP  Consumer Choice Health Plan; Cor- ment system pus Christi Heart Project CCMSU  clean catch midstream urine CCHPR  Canadian Consortium for Health CCMT  catechol methyltransferase Promotion Research; clinical classification of CCMU  critical care medical unit health policy research CCN  cancer center network; caudal central CCHS  congenital central hypoventilation nucleus; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; syndrome; Copenhagen City Heart Study community care network; coronary care CCHSA  Canadian Council on Health Ser- nursing; critical care nursing vices Accreditation CCNHP  community college nursing home CCI  Canadian Classification of Health In- project terventions; Cancer Care International; CCNS  Certified Clinical Nurse Specialist Cardiovascular Credentialing International; CCNU  N-(2-chloroethyl)-N′-cyclohexyl-N- Charlson comorbidity index; cholesterol nitrosourea [lomustine] crystallization inhibitor; chronic coronary CCO  continuous cardiac output; cytochrome insufficiency; common client interface; C oxidase component communication interface; cor- CcO2  capillary oxygen content rect coding initiative; corrected count incre- CCOHTA  Canadian Coordinating Office for ment; Cronqvist cranial index; crowded cell  Health Technology Assessment index CCORP  Cornell-China-Oxford Research CCI/F  cortico-cortical inhibition and facili- Project tation CCOT  cervical compression overloading CC-IMED  California Consortium of Infor- test mation in Medical Education and Develop- CCoV  canine coronavirus ment CCP  Canadian Classification of Diagnostic, CCK  cholecystokinin Therapeutic, and Surgical Interventions; CCK-8  cholecystokinin octapeptide cephalin-cholesterol flocculation; charge CCKLI  cholecystokinin-like immunoreactiv- class pair; chronic calcifying pancreatitis; cil- ity iocytophthoria; columnar cell papilloma; CCK-OP  cholecystokinin octapeptide community care plan; comprehensive care CCK-PZ  cholecystokinin-pancreozymin plan; cooperative cardiovascular project; co- CCKRB  cholecystokinin receptor B ordinated care program; critical control point; CCL  carcinoma cell line; certified cell line; cyclic citrullinated peptide; cyclic citrulli- Charcot-Leyden crystal; continuing care nated protein; cytidine cyclic phosphate level; continuous cell line; costoclavicular CCPD  continuous cycling (cyclical) perito- ligament; critical carbohydrate level neal dialysis CCLE  chronic cutaneous lupus erythemato- CCPDS  Centralized Cancer Patient Data sus System CCLI  composite clinical and laboratory C-CPE  C-terminal half of Clostridium per- index fringens enterotoxin CC/LS  Current Contents/Life Sciences CCPMS  Cancer Centre Patient Management CCM  cerebrocostomandibular; Certified System; computer-assisted clinical pathway Case Manager; chemical cleavage of mis- management system match; chronic care management; compli- CCPR  closed-chest cardiopulmonary resus- cated case management; congestive citation; crypt cell production rate cardiomyopathy; craniocervical malforma- CCPT  Chinese Cancer Prevention Trial tion; critical care medicine CCR  Canadian Cancer Registry; complete c cm  cubic centimeter continuous remission; complex chromosome CCMC  Committee on the Costs of Medical rearrangement; consistency and concurrency Care reporting; continuous complex remission; CCMDS  Core Community Minimum Data Coriell Cell Repositories; correct classifica- Set tion rate; creatinine clearance CCME  Coordinating Council on Medical C-CR  Computing-Communications Re- Education search Division  71 Ccr, Ccr  creatinine clearance CCTC  Certified Clinical Transplant Coordi- CCRC  comprehensive care retirement com- nator munity; continuing care retirement commu- CCTCC  corticocerebellar thalamocortical nity circuit CCRD  complicated chronic respiratory dis- CCTe  cathodal closure tetanus ease CCTG  California Cooperative Treatment CCRG  Cooperative Cataract Research Group Group CC-TGA  congenitally corrected transposi- CCRIS  Chemical Carcinogenesis Research tion of great vessels Information System CCTN  Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse CCRN  Critical Care Registered Nurse CC-TOE  continuum of care trauma outcome CCRS  Chemical Carcinogenesis Research evaluation Information System; computer-controlled ra- CCTP  coronary care training program diotherapy system CCTR  Cochrane Controlled Trials Register; CCRS/SP  computer-controlled radiothera- common clinical term reference py system sequence processor CCTRN  Certified Clinical Care Transporta- CCRT  Cardiac Catheter Reuse Trial; tion Nurse computer-controlled conformal radiotherapy; CCTV  closed-circuit television computer-controlled radiation therapy; core CCU  cardiac care unit; Cherry-Crandall conflictual relational theme unit; clean catch urine; Consulting Commit- CcRV-W2  Carcinus mediterraneus W2 virus tee on Units [Fr. Comité Consultatif des Uni- CCS  Canadian Cardiovascular Society; car- tés]; coronary care unit; critical care unit diac care system; case-control study; casu- ccua  clean catch urinalysis alty clearing station; cell cycle specific; CCUG  Culture Collection, University of certified coding specialist; Chinese Cardiac Göteborg Study; cholecystosonography; chronic cere- CCUP  colpocystourethropexy bellar stimulation; chronic compartment syn- CCV  cell culture vaccines; channel catfish drome; clear cell sarcoma; cloudy cornea virus; closed-circuit voltage; conductivity syndrome; composite cultured skin; concen- cell volume; critical closing volume tration camp syndrome; costoclavicular syn- CCVD  chronic cerebrovascular disease drome; crippled children’s service CCVM  congenital cardiovascular malforma- CCSCS  central cervical spinal cord syndrome tion CCSE  Cognitive Capacity Screening Exami- CCW  counterclockwise; critical care work- nation station CCSG  Canadian Cooperative Study Group; CCWISB  Canadian Chemical Warfare Inter- Children’s Cancer Study Group Service Board CCSK  clear cell sarcoma of the kidney CCX  cyclooxygenase CCSM  cervical cancer–specific mortality CCyR  complete cytogenic response CCSP  Clara cell secretory protein; Clara 2CD  two-cycle duration cell–specific protein CD  cadaver donor; caldesmon; canine dis- CCSRG  Cochrane Collaboration Stroke Re- temper; canine dose; carbohydrate dehydra- view Group tase; carbon dioxide; cardiac disease; cardiac CCST  chemical casualty site team dullness; cardiac dysrhythmia; cardiovascu- CCT  carotid compression tomography; cen- lar disease; Carrel-Dakin [fluid]; Castleman tral conduction time; cerebrocranial trauma; disease; cation dependent; caudad, caudal; charge class torsion; Chinese Captopril Trial; celiac disease; cell dissociation; cervicodor- chocolate-coated tablet; coated compressed sal; cesarean delivery; chemical dependency; tablet; combination chemotherapy; combined chlordecone; circular dichroism; cis- cortical thickness; composite cyclic therapy; dioxolane; cluster of differentiation; color computerized cranial tomography; continu- Doppler; combination drug; common [bile] um charge transfer; contrast-enhanced com- duct; communicable disease; compact disc; puted tomography; controlled cord traction; completely denaturated; conduct disorder; conventional computed tomography; coro- conduction disorder; conjugata diagonalis; nary care team; cortical collecting tubule; consanguineous donor; conserved domain; cranial computed tomography; critical care contact dermatitis; contagious disease; technician; cyclocarbothiamine contrast detail; control diet; controlled drug; CCTA  cardiac computed tomographic angi- conventional dialysis; convulsive disorder; ography; coronal computed tomographic ar- convulsive dose; corneal dystrophy; cortical thrography dysplasia; Cotrel-Dubousset [rod]; Crohn  72 disease; crossed diagonal; curative dose; cut- craniodiaphyseal dysplasia; current disease down; cycle day; cystic duct; cytochalasin D; descriptions; [poly]chlorinated dibenzo-p- cytoplasmic domain dioxin C/D  cigarettes per day; cup/disk ratio CDDN  Certified Developmental Disabilities C&D  cystoscopy and dilation Nurse CD4  HIV helper cell count CDDP  cis-diaminedichloroplatinum CD8  HIV suppressor cell count CD-DST  collagen gel droplet-embedded CD50  median curative dose drug sensitivity test Cd  cadmium; caudal; coccygeal; condylion CDE  canine distemper encephalitis; Certi- cd  candela; caudal fied Diabetes Educator; chlordiazepoxide; c/d  cigarettes per day; cycles per degree color Doppler energy; common data element; CDA  Canadian Dental Association; Certi- common duct exploration fied Dental Assistant; chenodeoxycholic CDEC  Comprehensive Developmental Eval- acid; chlorproguanil hydrochloride, dapsone, uation Chart and artesunate; ciliary dyskinesia activity; CDEIS  Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index clinical document architecture; complement- of Severity dependent antibody; completely denatured CDER  Center for Drug Evaluation and Re- alcohol; compound document architecture; search computer diagnostic assistant; congenital CDEV  Choristoneura diversuma entomo- dyserythropoietic anemia poxvirus CdA  chlorodeoxyadenosine CDF  choledochoduodenal fistula; chondro- CDAC  Clinical Data Abstraction Center dystrophia foetalis; class conditional density CDAD  Clostridium difficile–associated dis- function; clinical data field; clinical data ease framework; common data format; cumula- CDAE  chemical defense aircrew ensemble tive distribution function; [poly]chlorinated CDAI  clinical disease activity index; Crohn dibenzofuran Disease Activity Index CDFS  compact disc file system CDAL  clinical data analysis laboratory CDG  central developmental groove; con- CDAP  continuous distending airway pres- genital disorder of glycosylation sure CDGE  constant denaturant gel electrophore- CDB  communication database sis C&DB  cough and deep breath CDGG  corneal dystrophy Groenouw type, CDC  calculated date of confinement; cancer granular diagnosis center; capillary diffusion capacity; CDGS  carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein casualty decontamination center; cell divi- syndrome sion control; cell division cycle; Centers for cDGS  complete form of DiGeorge syn- Disease Control and Prevention; chenode- drome oxycholate; children’s diagnostic classifica- CDH  ceramide dihexoside; chronic daily tion; Communicable Disease Center; headache; congenital diaphragmatic hernia; complement-dependent cytotoxicity; Crohn congenital dislocation of hip; congenital dys- disease of colon plasia of hip CD-C  controlled drinker-control CDHAp  calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite CDCA  chenodeoxycholic acid CDH-ECMO  congenital diaphragmatic CDC-BRFS  Centers for Disease Control Be- hernia-extracorporeal membrane oxygen- havioral Risk Factor Survey ation CDCC  complement-dependent cellular cyto- CDI  cell-directed inhibitor; central/chronic toxicity diabetes insipidus; Children’s Depression In- CDCE  constant denaturant capillary electro- ventory; clinical data interchange; Clostridi- phoresis um difficile infection; color Doppler imaging; cDCIS  comedo-type ductal carcinoma in communicable disease intelligence; cranial situ diabetes insipidus; cyclin-dependent kinase CDC NAC  Centers for Disease Control and interactor Prevention National AIDS Clearinghouse CDILD  chronic diffuse interstitial lung dis- CDCV  Caddo Canyon virus ease CDD  certificate of disability for discharge; CDK  caldesmon kinase; cell-division ki- choledochoduodenostomy; chronic degener- nase; climatic droplet keratopathy; cyclin- ative disease; chronic disabling dermatosis; dependent kinase congenital diaphragmatic defect; conserved CDL  chlordeoxylincomycin; Cornelia de domain database; contrast-detail dose; Lange [syndrome]  73 CDLE  chronic discoid lupus erythematosus CDSM  Committee on Dental and Surgical CDLS, CdLS  Cornelia de Lange syndrome Materials CDM  chemically defined medium; clinical CDSR  Cochrane Database of Systematic Re- decision making; common data model views CDMA  code division multiple access cd-sr  candela-steradian CDMMS  chorioretinal dysplasia, microceph- CDSRF  chronic disease and sociodemo- aly, mental retardation syndrome graphic risk factor CDMNS  clinical decision making in nurs- CDSS  clinical decision support system ing scale CD(S)U  Communicable Diseases (Scotland) CD-MPR  cation-dependent mannose-6-phos- Unit phate receptor CDT  carbohydrate-deficient transferrin; car- CDMS  Certified Disability Management bon dioxide therapy; Certified Dental Techni- Specialist cian; children’s day treatment; Clostridium CDN  Certified Dialysis Nurse difficile toxin; color discrimination test; com- cDNA  circular deoxyribonucleic acid; com- bined diphtheria-tetanus [vaccine] plementary deoxyribonucleic acid CDTA  cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid CDNANZ  Communicable Disease Network CDTe  cathode duration tetanus of Australia and New Zealand CDTF  chemical decontamination training CDNB  1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene facility CDONA/LTC  Certified Director of Nursing CDU  cardiac diagnostic unit; clinical deci- Administration/Long-Term Care sion unit; color Doppler ultrasound; complete CDP  chondrodysplasia punctata; chronic de- dependence unit structive periodontitis; collagenase-digestible CDUS  carotid duplex ultrasonography protein; continuous distending pressure;  CDUV  Candiru virus coronary drug project; Council on Dental CDV  canine distemper virus; clinical diag- Practice; cytidine diphosphate; cytosine di- nostic validity phosphate cDVH  cumulative dose-volume histogram CDPAS  Coronary Disease Prevention with Cdyn, Cdyn  dynamic compliance Aspirin Study; Coronary Drug Project Aspi- Cdyn, rs  dynamic compliance of the respi- rin Study ratory system CDPC  cytidine diphosphate choline CDYS  cell dysfunction CDPR  chondrodysplasia punctata, rhizo- CDZ  chlordiazepoxide; conduction delay melic zone CDPS  calcium-dependent protease small CE  California encephalitis; capillary electro- subunit phoresis; capsule endoscopy; carboxylester- CDPX  X-linked chondrodysplasia punctata ase; cardiac enlargement; cardioesophageal; CDR  calcium-dependent regulator; clinical carotid endarterectomy; catamenial epilepsy; data repository; clinical dementia rating; cataract extraction; cell extract; center edge close delay ratio; common data repository; [angle]; central episiotomy; chemical energy; complementarity determining region; com- chick embryo; chloroform ether; cholesterol puterized digital radiography; cup/disk ratio ester; cholesteryl ester; chorioepithelioma; CD-R  compact disc recordable chromatoelectrophoresis; ciliated epithelium; CDRH  Center for Devices and Radiological cloning efficiency; coded element; coefficient Health of error; columnar epithelium; conical eleva- CD-ROM  compact disc–read only memory tion; conjugated estrogens; constant error; CDRP  clinical database research program continuing education; contractile element; CDRS  Children’s Depression Rating Scale contrast enhancement; converting enzyme; CD-RW  compact disc–rewritable cornified epithelium; crude extract; cytopathic CDS  cardiovascular surgery; Care Depen- effect; cytoplasmic extract dency Scale; catechol-3,5-disulfonate; cau- C-E  chloroform-ether dal dysplasia syndrome; Chemical Data Ce  cerium System; children’s diagnostic scale; clean Ce  effect [compartment] concentration dataset; clinical decision support; cumulative CEA  carcinoembryonic antigen; carotid end- duration of survival arterectomy; cholesterol-esterifying activity; CdS  cadmium sulfide; [gene] coding se- cost-effectiveness analysis; cranial-epidural quence abscess; crystalline egg albumin; cultured CDSA  common data security architecture epithelial autograft CDSC  Communicable Diseases Surveil- CEAC  clinical education and assessment lance Centre center; cost-effectiveness acceptability curve  74 CEAF  cost-effectiveness acceptability fron- CeHV  cercopithecine herpesvirus tier CEI  character education inquiry; converting CEAL  carcinoembryonic antigen-like [pro- enzyme inhibitor tein] CEI-AMI  converting enzyme inhibitor in the CEAP  class, etiology, anatomy, pathophysi- treatment of acute myocardial infarction ology [classification]; Clinical Efficacy As- CEID  crossed electroimmunodiffusion sessment Project CEJ  cement-enamel junction CEARP  Continuing Education Approval and CEJA  Council on Ethical and Judicial Af- Recognition Program fairs CEAs  cultured epithelial autografts CEK  chick embryo kidney CEASE  Collaborative European Anti-Smok- CEL  carboxyl-ester lipase ing Evaluation CelCer1V  Caenorhabditis elegans Cer1 CEAT  chronic ectopic atrial tachycardia virus CEB  calcium entry blocker CELDIC  Commission on Emotional and cEBV  chronic Epstein-Barr virus [infection] Learning Disorders in Children CEC  central echo complex; ciliated epithe- CELL  Cost-Effectiveness of Lipid Lowering lial cell; colonic epithelial cells; Commission [study] of the European Community Cell  celluloid CECCC  confidential enquiry into cardiac CELO  chick embryonal lethal orphan [virus] catheterization complications CELP  code-excited linear prediction CECR  cat-eye syndrome chromosome re- Cels  Celsius gion CEM  care environment management; central CECT  contrast-enhanced computed tomog- extensor mechanism; clinical event monitor; raphy computerized electroencephalographic map; CED  chondroectodermal dysplasia; clinical conventional transmission electron micro- engineering department; convection-en- scope hanced delivery CEMIA  Center for Engineering and Medical CEDARS  Comprehensive Evaluation of De- Image Analysis fibrillators and Resuscitative Shock [study] CEMIS  community-based environmental CeDNV  Casphalia externa densovirus management information system CEE  Central European encephalitis; chick CE-MRA  contrast-enhanced magnetic reso- embryo extract; component execution envi- nance angiography ronment; conjugated equine estrogens CE-MRI  contrast-enhanced magnetic reso- CEEA  curved end-to-end anastomosis nance imaging CE-EDUS  contrast-enhanced endoscopic CeMV  cetacean morbillivirus Doppler ultrasonography CEN  Certificate for Emergency Nursing; CEEF  clinical evaluation encounter form Clinical Experience Network [study]; Euro- CEEG  computer-analyzed electroencepha- pean Committee for Standardization [Fr. Co- lography mité Européen de Normalisation]; continuous CEE-MPA  conjugated equine estrogen–me- enteral nutrition droxyprogesterone acetate cen  centromere; central CEES  chloroethyl ethyl sulfide CENMR  capillary electrophoresis nuclear CEET  chicken enucleated eye test magnetic resonance CEEV  Central European encephalitis virus CENOG  computerized electroneuroophthal­ CEF  centrifugation extractable fluid; chick mography embryo fibroblast; constant electric field ceNOS  constitutional endothelial nitric CEFA  continuous epidural fentanyl anesthe- oxide synthase sia CENP  centromere protein CE-FAST  contrast-enhanced fast acquisition CENPA, B, C, D, E  centromeric proteins in a steady state A, B, C, D, E CEFMG  Council on Education for Foreign cent  centigrade; central Medical Graduates CENTRAL  Cochrane Central Register of CEG  chronic erosive gastritis Controlled Trials CEH  cholesterol ester hydrolase CEO  chick embryo origin; chief executive CEHC  calf embryonic heart cell; cost- officer effective health care CEOEECP  Clinical Evaluation of Enhanced CEHN  Children’s Environmental Health External Counterpulsation Network CEOT  calcifying epithelial odontogenic CEHO  Chief Environmental Health Officer tumor  75 CEP  care evaluation program; centromere CET  capital expenditure threshold; choles- evaluation probe; chronic eosinophilic pneu- terol-ester transfer; Collaborative Eclampsia monia; chronic erythropoietic porphyria; Trial; congenital eyelid tetrad clinical evaluation protocol; congenital CETE  Central European tick-borne encepha- erythropoietic porphyria; continuing educa- litis tion program; cortical evoked potential; CETN  Certified Enterostomal Therapy counter-electrophoresis Nurse CEPA  chloroethane phosphoric acid CETP  cholesteryl-ester transfer protein CEPH  cephalic; cephalosporin; Council on CEU  congenital ectropion uveae; continuing Education for Public Health education unit ceph  cephalin CEUS  contrast-enhanced ultrasound CEPH FLOC  cephalin flocculation CEV  California encephalitis virus CEPU  cerebellar Purkinje [cell] CEX  clinical evaluation exercise CEQ  Council on Environmental Quality CEZ  cefazolin CER  capital expenditure review; ceramide; CF  calcaneal fibular [ligament]; calcium ceruloplasmin; comparative-effectiveness re- leucovorin; calf blood flow; calibration fac- search; conditioned emotional response; con- tor; cancer free; carbol-fuchsin; carbon fil- trol electrical rhythm; cortical evoked tered; carboxyfluorescein; cardiac failure; response cardiac fibroblast; carotid foramen; carrier CERAD  Consortium to Establish a Registry free; cascade filtration; case file; Caucasian for Alzheimer’s Disease female; centrifugal force; cervical fluid; char- CERCLA  Comprehensive Environmental acteristic frequency; chemotactic factor; Response, Compensation, and Liability Act chest and left leg [ECG]; Chiari-Frommel CERCLIS  Comprehensive Environmental [syndrome]; chick fibroblast; Christmas fac- Response, Communication, and Liability In- tor; chronicity factor; circumflex; citrovorum formation System factor; clotting factor; colicin factor; col- CERD  chronic end-stage renal disease lected fluid; colonization factor; colony CERP  complex event-related potential; Con- forming; complementary feeding; comple- tinuing Education Recognition Program ment fixation; computed fluoroscopy; con- CERT  Cardiovascular Event Reduction stant frequency; contractile force; cord Trial; computer emergency response team factor; coronary flow; correction factor; Cert, cert  certified cough frequency; count fingers; counting fin- CERTs  Center for Education and Research ger; coupling factor; cycling fibroblast; cystic on Therapeutics fibrosis; folinic acid [citrovorum factor] Cer1V  Cer1 virus Cf  californium cerv  cervical, cervix cf  centrifugal force; bring together, compare CES  carboxylesterase; cat-eye syndrome; [Lat. confer]; confidence factor cauda equina syndrome; Center for Epide- CFA  2-chloro-4-fluoroaniline; cerebro-fa- miological Study; central excitatory state; cioarticular [syndrome]; colonization factor  chronic electrophysiologic study; clinical en- antigen; colony-forming assay; common gineering services; conditioned escape re- femoral artery; complement-fixing antibody; sponse; cumulative embryo score complete Freund’s adjuvant; configuration CESAR  Centralised European Studies in frequency analysis; cryptogenic fibrosing al- Angina Research veolitis CESARZ  Clinical European Studies in An- CFAE  complex fractionated atrial electro- gina and Revascularization grams CESD  cholesterol ester storage disease CFAG  cystic fibrosis antigen CES-D  Center for Epidemiological Studies CFAV  cell-fusing agent virus of Depression [scale] CFB  central fibrous body CESG  Cerebral Embolism Study Group CFC  capillary filtration coefficient; cardio- CESNA  Comparative Efficacy and Safety of facio-cutaneous [syndrome]; chlorofluorocar- Nisoldipine and Amlodipine [in hypertension bon; colony-forming capacity; colony-forming trial] cell; continuous-flow centrifugation CESNA II  Comparative Efficacy and Safety CFCN  Certified Foot Care Nurse of Nisoldipine and Amlodipine II [in  CfCPV  Choristoneura fumiferana cypovi- hypertension with ischemic heart disease rus trial] CFD  cephalofacial deformity; color-flow CESS  Cooperative Ewing Sarcoma Study Doppler; computational fluid dynamics; cra- cESS  circumferential end-systolic stress niofacial dysostosis  76 CF-DA  carboxyfluorescein diacetate CFS  cancer family syndrome; Chiari- CFDS  craniofacial dyssynostosis Frommel syndrome; chronic fatigue syn- CFDU  color-flow Doppler ultrasonography/ drome; craniofacial stenosis; crush fracture ultrasound syndrome; culture fluid supernatant; Cystic CFEV  Choristoneura fumiferana entomo- Fibrosis Society poxvirus CFSAN  Center for Food Safety and Applied CFF  critical flicker fusion [test]; critical fu- Nutrition sion frequency; cystic fibrosis factor; Cystic CFSE  carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl Fibrosis Foundation ester; crystal field stabilization energy cff  critical flicker fusion; critical fusion fre- CFSTI  Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific quency and Technical Information CFFA  cystic fibrosis factor activity CFT  cardiolipin flocculation test; clinical full CFH  complement factor H; Council on Fam- time; complement fixation test; crystal field ily Health theory CFHL  complement factor H-like [protein] CFTC  complication-free tumor control CFHP  Council on Federal Health Programs CFTD  congenital fiber type disproportion CFI  chemotactic-factor inactivator; clenched/ CFTR  cystic fibrosis transmembrane con- closed-fist injury; color flow imaging; com- ductance regulator munity fluorosis index; complement fixation CFU  colony-forming unit; coupling factor inhibition unit CfIV  Campoletis flavicincta ichnovirus cfu  colony-forming unit CFL  cofilin CFU-C, CFUC  colony-forming unit–culture CFM  cerebral function monitor; chlorofluo- CFU-E, CFUE  colony-forming unit–erythro- romethane; close-fitting mask; composite cyte filling material; craniofacial microsomia CFU-EOS, CFUEOS colony-forming unit– CFMA  Council for Medical Affairs eosinophil CFMDB  Cystic Fibrosis Mutation Data- CFU-F, CFUF colony-forming unit–fibro- base blastoid CFMG  Commission on Foreign Medical CFU-G, CFUG colony-forming unit–granu- Graduates locyte CfMNPV  Choristoneura fumiferana multi- CFU-GM, CFUGM colony-forming unit– ple nucleopolyhedrovirus granulocyte macrophage CfMS  care flow management system CFU-GEMM, CFUGEMM colony forming CFMV  constant flow mechanical ventilation unit–granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, CFN  Certified Forensic Nurse megakaryocyte CFND  craniofrontonasal dysostosis; cranio- CFU-L, CFUL colony-forming unit–lympho- frontonasal dysplasia cyte CFNP  Certified Family Nurse Practitioner CFUM  colony-forming unit–megakaryocyte CFNS  chills, fever, night sweats; cranio- CFU-MEG, CFUMEG colony-forming unit– frontonasal syndrome megakaryocyte CFO  chief financial officer CFUN  cell function CfoIV  Casinaria forcipata ichnovirus CFU-NM, CFUNM colony-forming unit– CFOS  constrained fast orthogonal search neutrophil-monocyte CFP  chronic false positive; ciguatera fish CFU-S, CFUS colony-forming unit–spleen; poisoning; Clinical Fellowship Program; colony-forming unit–stem cells Conference for Food Protection; culture fil- CFUSA  Cystic Fibrosis Foundation USA trate protein; cyclophosphamide, fluoroura- CfuT1V  Cladosporium fulvum T-1 virus cil, prednisone; cystic fibrosis of pancreas; CFUV  Corfu virus cystic fibrosis protein CFV  chimpanzee foamy virus; continuous- CFPC  College of Family Physicians of Can- flow ventilation ada CFV/HU  chimpanzee foamy virus, human CFPP  craniofacial pattern profile CFVS  cerebrospinal fluid flow void sign CFPR  Canadian Familial Polyposis Registry CFW  Carworth farm [mouse] Webster strain CFR  case fatality ratio; citrovorum factor CFWM  cancer-free white mouse rescue; Code of Federal Regulations; CFX  cefoxitin; circumflex coronary artery complement fixation reaction; coronary flow CFX-MARG  marginal branch of the cir- reserve; correct fast reaction; cyclic flow re- cumflex artery duction CFZ  capillary-free zone CFRN  Certified Flight Registered Nurse CFz  clofazimine  77 CFZC  continuous-flow zonal centrifugation CG/OQ  cerebral glucose-oxygen quotient CG  calcium gluconate; cardiography; Cardio- CGP  choline glycerophosphatide; chorionic Green; caregiver; central gray matter; choking growth hormone-prolactin; circulating gran- gas [phosgene]; cholecystogram, cholecystog- ulocyte pool; circulatory gene pool; N- raphy; choriogenic gynecomastia; chorionic carbobenzoxy-glycyl-L-phenylalanine gonadotropin; chromogranin; chronic glomeru- CGPM  General Conference of Weights and lonephritis; cingulate gyrus; Cockcroft-Gault Measures [Fr. Conférence Générale des equation; colloidal gold; continuous-flow ven- Poids et Mesures] tilation; control group; cryoglobulin; cystine CGRN  Certified Gastroenterology Regis- guanine; cytosine-guanine-guanine tered Nurse Cγ  gamma chain constant region CGRP, cGRP  calcitonin gene-related peptide cg  center of gravity; centigram; chemoglob- CGRPR  calcitonin gene-related peptide re- ulin ceptor CGA  catabolite gene activator; color graph- CGS  cardiogenic shock; catgut suture; caus- ics adapter; comprehensive geriatric assess- al genesis syndrome ment; contact guard assist CGS, cgs  centimeter-gram-second CGAB  congenital abnormality CGT  chorionic gonadotropin; cyclodextrin CGAP  Cancer Genome Anatomy Project glucanotransferase CGAS  Children’s Global Assessment Scale CGTT  cortisone glucose tolerance test CGAT  Canadian Genome and Technology CGV  Chobar Gorge virus [program]; chromatin granule amine trans- cGVHD  chronic graft-versus-host disease former; Constitutional Genetic Array Test CGW  caregiver workstation CGB  chronic gonadotropin, beta-unit cGy  centigray CGC  cumulus-granulosa cell CH  case history; Chédiak-Higashi [syn- CGD  Cattle Genome Database; chronic drome]; chiasma; Chinese hamster; chloral granulomatous disease hydrate; cholesterol; Christchurch chromo- CGDE  contact glow discharge electrolysis some; chronic hepatitis; chronic hyperten- CGE  capillary gel electrophoresis sion; common hepatic [duct]; communicating CGF  cell-generating factor hydrocele; community health; community CGFH  congenital fibrous histiocytoma hospital; completely healed; congenital hy- CGFNS  Commission on Graduates of For- pothyroidism; Conradi-Hünermann [syn- eign Nursing Schools drome]; continuous heparin; cortical CGGE  constant gradient gel electrophoresis hamartoma; crown heel [length]; cyclohexi- CGH  chorionic gonadotropic hormone; mide; cystic hygroma; wheelchair comparative genomic hybridization; con- CH1, CH2, CH3, CH4  first to fourth constant genital generalized hypertrichosis regions in heavy chains of immunoglobulin CGI  chronic granulomatous inflammation; molecules Clinical Global Impression [scale]; combus- CH50  50% hemolyzing dose of comple- tible gas indicator; common gateway inter- ment face; computer-generated imagery CH  constant region in heavy chain of im- cGK  cyclic guanosine monophosphate–de- munoglobulin molecule pendent protein kinase C&H  cocaine and heroin; coarse and harsh CGKD  complex glycerol kinase deficiency Ch  chest; Chido [antibody]; chief; child; CGL  chronic granulocytic leukemia; clinical choline; Christchurch [syndrome]; chromo- guidelines some c gl  correction with glasses Ch+  hydrogen ion concentration CGLV  Changuinola virus ch  chest; child; chronic CGM  Center for Genetics in Medicine; cen- CHA  Canadian Healthcare Association; tral gray matter Catholic Health Association of the United cgm  centigram States; Chinese hamster; chronic hemolytic CGMC  Center for Graphic Medical Com- anemia; common hepatic artery; congenital munication hypoplasia of adrenal glands; congenital  CGMP  current good manufacturing prac- hypoplastic anemia; continuously heated tices aerosol; cyclohexyladenosine; cyclohexyl- cGMP  cyclic guanosine monophosphate; amine cyclic guanosyl monophosphate ChA  choline acetylase CGN  Certified Gastroenterology Nurse; ChAC  choline acetyltransferase chronic glomerulonephritis CHAD  Cholesterol, Hypertension and Dia- CGNB  composite ganglioneuroblastoma betes [study]; cold hemagglutinin disease;  78 cyclophosphamide, hexamethylmelamine, ChAT  choline acetyltransferase Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and cisplatin CHATH  chemically hardened air transport- CHADS  congestive heart failure, hyperten- able hospital sion, age at least 75 years, diabetes, previous CHB  chronic hepatitis B; complete heart stroke or transient ischemic attack block; congenital heart block ChAdV  chimpanzee adenovirus ChB  Bachelor of Surgery [Lat. Chirurgiae CHAF  central hyperalimentation nutrition Baccalaureus] CHAID  chi-squared automatic interaction CHBA, CHBHA  congenital Heinz body he- detection; chi-squared automatic interaction molytic anemia detector CHC  chromosome condensation; communi- CHAIN  Contact Health Advice Information ty health center; community health comput- Network for Effective Health Care ing; community health council CHAMP  Cardiac Hospitalization Athero- CHCIS  community health care information sclerosis Management Program; chemically system hardened air-management plant; Children CHCL  congenital healed cleft lip with HIV and Acquired AIDS Model Pro- CHCP  correctional health care program gram; Children’s Hospital Automated Medi- CHCS  composite health care system cal Program; Combination Hemotherapy and CHCT  caffeine halothane contracture test Mortality Prevention [study] CHD  Chédiak-Higashi disease; childhood CHAMPUS  Civilian Health and Medical disease; child in semantic hierarchy; chronic Program of Uniformed Services hemodialysis; common hepatic duct; con- CHAMPVA  Civilian Health and Medical genital heart disease; congenital hip disloca- Program of Veterans Administration tion; congestive heart disease; constitutional CHANDS  curly hair, ankyloblepharon, nail hepatic dysfunction; coronary heart disease; dysplasia syndrome cyanotic heart disease Chang C  Chang conjunctiva cells ChD  Doctor of Surgery [Lat. Chirurgiae CHANGE  Chronic Heart Failure and Grad- Doctor] ed Exercise [study] CHDM  comprehensive hospital drug moni- Chang L  Chang liver cells toring CHAOS  Cambridge Heart Antioxidant CHDP  Child Health and Disability Preven- Study; Cardiovascular Disease, Hyperten- tion [program] sion and Hyperlipidemia, Adult-Onset Dia- ChE  cholinesterase betes, Obesity, and Stroke [study] che  a gene involved in chemotaxis CHAP  Certified Hospital Admission Pro- CHEAPER  Confirmation that Heparin Is an gram; child health assessment program; Alternative to Promote Early Reperfusion in Community Health Accreditation Program Acute Myocardial Infarction [study] CHAPS  Carvedilol Heart Attack Pilot Study; ChEAT  Children’s Eating Attitudes Test 3[3-cholaminopropyl diethylammonio]-1- CHEC  clearinghouse for emergency aid to propane sulfonate the community; community hypertension CHAR  continuous hyperfractionated accel- evaluation clinic erated radiotherapy CHED  congenital hereditary endothelial CHARGE  coloboma, heart disease, atresia dystrophy choanae, retarded growth and retarded devel- CHEER  Chest Pain Evaluation in Emergen- opment and/or CNS anomalies, genital hypo- cy Room [trial] plasia, and ear anomalies and/or deafness CHEF  Chinese hamster embryo fibro- [syndrome] blast; contour-clamped homologous electric  CHARM  Candesartan in Heart Failure As- field sessment in Reduction of Mortality [trial] CHEM  chemical CHARMM  Chemistry at Harvard Molecular chem  chemical, chemistry; chemotherapy Mechanics ChemID  Chemical Identification; Chemical CHART  Continuous Hormones as Replace- Identification File ment Therapy [study]; Continuous Hyper- CHEMLINE  Chemical Dictionary On-Line fractionated Accelerated Radiotherapy Trial chemo  chemotherapy CHAS  Center for Health Administration CHEMTREC  Chemical Transportation Emer- Studies; Community Health Assessment gency Center Study CHEP  cricohyoidoepiglottopexy CHASE  cut holes and sink ’em [operation] CHEPER  Chest Pain Evaluation Registry CHAT  Checklist for Autism in Toddlers; CHERSS  continuous high-amplitude EEG conversational hypertext access technology rhythmic synchronous slowing  79 CHES  chronic hyperplastic eosinophilic si- comprehensive health insurance plan; Coro- nusitis nary Health Improvement Project CHESS  chemical shift selective; Compre- ChIP  chromatin immunoprecipitation hensive Health Enhancement Support Sys- CHIPASAT  Children’s Paced Auditory Se- tem rial Addition Task CHEST  chick embryo toxicity screening CHIP  catastrophic health insurance plan test; Combined Higher Education Software CHiQ  Centre for Health Information Qual- Team ity CHF  chick embryo fibroblast; chronic heart Chir Doct  Doctor of Surgery [Lat. Chirurg- failure; congenital hepatic fibrosis; conges- iae Doctor] tive heart failure; Crimean hemorrhagic fever chirug  surgical [Lat. chirurgicalis] CHFD  controlled high-flux dialysis CHIS  community health information sys- CHFDT  congestive heart failure data tool tem; consumer health information system CHF-IES  Congestive Heart Failure Italian CHIV  Chilibre virus Epidemiological Study CHL  Chinese hamster lung; chlorambucil; CHF-STAT  Congestive Heart Failure Sur- chloramphenicol vival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy Chl  chloroform; chlorophyll CHFV  combined high-frequency ventilation CHLA  cyclohexyl linoleic acid chg  change, changed Chlb  chlorobutanol CHGA  chromogranin A CHLD  chronic hypoxic lung disease CHGB  chromogranin B chlor  chloride CHH  cartilage-hair hypoplasia CHLS  combined heart and lung surgery CHHS  congenital hypothalamic hamartoma ChlVPP  chlorambucil, vinblastine, procar- syndrome bazine, prednisone ChHV  chelonid herpesvirus ChM  Master of Surgery [Lat. Chirurgiae CHI  clinical health informatics; closed head Magister] injury; congenital hyperinsulinism; consum- CHMD  clinical hyaline membrane disease er health information; creatinine height index CHMIS  community health management in- chi  chimera formation system Chi-A  chimpanzee leukocyte antigen CHMR  Centre for Health Information Man- CHIC  Cardiovascular Health In Children agement Research [study] CHN  carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen; Certi- CHID  Combined Health Information Data- fied Hemodialysis Nurse; child health nurse; base child neurology; community health nurse CHIKV  Chikungunya virus CHNS  China Health and Nutrition Survey CHILD  congenital hemidysplasia with ich- CHO  carbohydrate; Chinese hamster ovary; thyosiform erythroderma and limb defects chorea; comprehensive health organization [syndrome] Cho  choline CHILI  Consumer Health Information Litera- CH2O  water clearance ture choc  chocolate CHIM  Center for Healthcare Information CHOICE  Caring for Hypertension on Initia- Management tion: Cost and Effectiveness [study]; Conges- CHIME  Center for Health Information tive Heart Failure Mortality: Investigation on Management and Evaluation; College of Carvedilol’s Efficacy Healthcare Information Management Execu- CHOICES  Cancer, Heart Disease, Osteopo- tives; coloboma, heart anomaly, ichthyosis, rosis Interventions, and Community Evalua- mental retardation, ear abnormality [syn- tion Studies drome] CHOIR  Center for Health Outcomes Im- CHIMR  Centre for Health Information Man- provement Research agement Research CHOL, chol  cholesterol CHIMS  community-based health informa- c hold  withhold tion system CHOP  cyclophosphamide, hydroxydauno- CHIMV  Chim virus mycin, Oncovin, and prednisone CHIN  community health information net- ChoP  cell-surface phosphocholine work CHORUS  Collaborative Hypertext in Radi- CHINA  chronic infectious neurotropic agent ology CHIPA  community health planning agency CHOV  Chaco virus CHIP  child health improvement program; CHP  calcineurin homologue protein; Children’s Health Insurance Program; capillary hydrostatic pressure; charcoal  80 hemoperfusion; Chemical Hygiene Plan; CHSD  Children’s Health Services Division child psychiatry; Children’s Health Proj- CHSO  total hemolytic serum C activity ect; community health plan; comprehensive CHSP  Child Health Surveillance Pro- health planning; coordinating hospital phy- gramme; Clinton Health Security Plan sician; cricohyoidopexy; cutaneous hepatic CHSS  Congenital Heart Surgeons Society; porphyria cooperative health statistics system ChP  chest physician CHSSDC  Congenital Heart Surgeons Soci- CHPA  community health planning agency; ety Data Center community health purchasing alliance; Con- CHT  chemotherapy; combined hormone sumer Healthcare Products Association therapy; contralateral head turning CHPN  Certified Hospice and Palliative ChTg  chymotrypsinogen Nurse ChTK  chicken thymidine kinase CHPV  Chandipura virus; chicken parvovi- ChTX  charybdotoxin rus CHU  centigrade heat unit; closed head ChPV  chipmunk parvovirus unit chpx  chickenpox CHUSPAN  Churg-Strauss Syndrome and CHQ  chloroquinol Polyarteritis Nodosa [study] CHQCP  Cleveland Health Quality Choice CHV  canine herpes virus; Cryphonectria hy- Project povirus CHR  cerebro-hepato-renal [syndrome]; CHVF  chemically viewed functionally chemical hazards regulations; complete he- CHVS  chemically viewed structurally matologic response CHVV  Charleville virus Chr  Chromobacterium CI  calcium ionophore; cardiac index; car- chr  chromosome; chronic diac insufficiency; cation independent; cell c hr  candle hour immunity; cell inhibition; cephalic index; c-hr  curie-hour cerebral infarction; cervical incompetence; ChRBC  chicken red blood cell chemical ionization; chemically induced; CHREF  Connecticut Healthcare Research chemo-immunotherapy; chemotactic index; and Education Foundation chemotherapeutic index; chromatid inter- CHRIS  Cancer Hazards Ranking and Infor- change; chronic infection; chronic inflam- mation System; Chemical Hazard Response mation; clinical investigator; clomipramine; Information System clonus index; cochlear implant; coefficient CHRISTMAS  Carvedilol Hibernation Re- of intelligence; colloidal iron; colonization versible Ischemia Trial: Marker of Success index; color index; Colour Index; competi- CHRN  Certified Hyperbaric Registered tive index; complete iridectomy; confidence Nurse index; confidence interval; conformity index; CHROMINFO  chromosome information contamination index; contextual inquiry; [database] continued insomnia; continuous imaging; chron  chronic continuous improvement; continuous in- CHRONIC  chronic disease, rheumatoid ar- fusion; contraindicated, contraindication; thritis, neoplasms, infections, cryoglobuline- convergence insufficiency; coronary insuf- mia ficiency; corrected count increment; cover- CHRPE  congenital hypertrophy of the reti- ing index; crystalline insulin; cumulative nal pigment epithelium incidence; cytotoxic index; first concept; CHRRPE  combined hamartoma of the retina first cranial nerve; prostatic tumor with and retinal pigment epithelium extracapsular extension and negative mar- CHRS  cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome; gins; tumor with metastases to lymph nodes Christian syndrome without involvement of perirectal adipose  CHRV  Chub reovirus tissue CHS  Canada Health Survey; cardiovascular CI  intercept on concentration health study; Center for Health Statistics; Ci  curie central hypoventilation syndrome; Charles- CIA  chemiluminescent immunoassay; chy- ton Heart Study; Chédiak-Higashi syndrome; motrypsin inhibitor activity; colony- Chinese Health Study; cholinesterase; chon- inhibiting activity; congenital intestinal droitin sulfate; citizen health system; com- aganglionosis munity health study; compression hip screw; CIAC  central independent adjudication com- congenital hypoventilation syndrome; con- mittee tact hypersensitivity; Copenhagen City Heart CIAIT  Chinese Infarction Angiotensin Con- Study; coronary heart study verting Enzyme Inhibitor Trial  81 CIAS  cognitive impairment with schizo- CIE  Canberra Interview for the Elderly; cellu- phrenia lose ion exchange; congenital ichthyosiform CIBD  chronic inflammatory bowel disease erythroderma; countercurrent immunoelec- CiBER  Centre for Information Behaviour trophoresis; counterimmunoelectrophoresis; and Analysis Research crossed immunoelectrophoresis CIBHA  congenital inclusion body hemolytic CIEBOV  Côte d’Ivoire Ebola virus anemia CIEP  counterimmunoelectrophoresis; crossed CIBIS  Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol immunoelectrophoresis Study CIF  cartilage induction factor; cloning in- CIBMTR  Center for International Blood and hibitory factor; congenital infantile fibrosar- Marrow Transplant Research coma CIBP  chronic intractable benign pain CIFC  Council for the Investigation of Fertil- CIBPS  chronic intractable benign pain syn- ity Control drome CIG  cardiointegram; cold-insoluble globu- CIC  cardioinhibitor center; care improve- lin; computer-interpretable guidelines ment council; Certified in Infection Control; CIg  intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin ciclesonide; circulating immune complex; cIgM  cytoplasmic immunoglobulin M clean intermittent catheterization; completely CIGTS  Comparison of Initial Glaucoma in the canal [hearing aid]; computers in car- Treatment Study diology; computing, information, and com- CIH  carbohydrate-induced hyperglyceride- munication; constant initial concentration; mia; Certificate in Industrial Health; children crisis intervention center in hospital Cic  cicletanine CIHI  Canadian Institute for Health Informa- CICA  cervical internal carotid artery tion CICR  calcium-induced calcium release pro- CIHR  Canadian Institutes of Health Re- cess search CICU  cardiac intensive care unit; cardiovas- ci-hr  curie-hour cular inpatient care unit; coronary intensive CIHS  central infantile hypotonic syndrome care unit CiHV  ciconiid herpesvirus CID  cellular immunodeficiency; Center for CII  cancer informatics infrastructure; Carn- Infectious Diseases; charge injection device; egie Interest Inventory; continuous intrave- chick infective dose; combined immunodefi- nous infusion; second cranial nerve ciency disease; Cosmetic Ingredient Diction- CIIA  common internal iliac artery ary; cytomegalic inclusion disease CIII  third cranial nerve CID50  median chimpanzee infective dose CIIP  chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoob- CId  intercompartmental diffusion struction CIDEMS  Center for Information and Docu- CIIPX  X-linked chronic idiopathic intestinal mentation pseudoobstruction CIDEP  chemically induced dynamic elec- CIIR  Center for Intelligent Information Re- tron polarization trieval CIDI  composite international diagnostic in- CiIV  Casinaria infesta ichnovirus terview CIK  cytokine-induced killer [cells] CIDI-SAM  Composite International Diag- CILIP  Chartered Institute of Library and In- nostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module formation Professionals CIDM  computerized infectious disease CIM  cimetidine; cortically induced move- monitor ment; Cumulated Index Medicus; cytoimmu- CIDNP  chemically induced dynamic nucle- nologic monitoring ar polarization C-IMC  circumference of the chest and the CIDP  chronic idiopathic polyradiculopathy; inframammary crease chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyra- Ci/ml, Ci/mL  curies per milliliter diculoneuropathy; Clinical Initiatives Devel- CI-MPR  cation-independent mannose-6- opment Program phosphate receptor CIDR  Center for Inherited Disease Re- CIMS  chemical ionization mass spectrome- search try CIDS  Canadian Implantable Defibrillator CIMT  carotid intima-media thickness; Study; Canadian Internal Defibrillator Study; constraint-induced movement therapy cellular immunity deficiency syndrome; cir- CIN  central inhibition; cervical intraepithe- cular intensity differential scattering; con- lial neoplasia; cervical intraepithelial neo- tinuous insulin delivery system plasm; chromosomal instability; chronic  82 interstitial nephritis; community information circ & sens  circulation and sensation network CIREN  Crash Injury Research and Engi- Cin  increased concentration; insulin clear- neering Network ance CIRF  clinically insignificant renal frag- CIN 1, CIN I  cervical intraepithelial neo- ments; contrast-induced renal failure plasia, grade 1 CIRSE  Cardiovascular and Interventional CIN 2, CIN II  cervical intraepithelial neo- Radiological Society of Europe plasia, grade 2 CIRSET  Committee on Immunization Regis- CIN 3, CIN III  cervical intraepithelial neo- try Standards and Electronic Transactions plasia, grade 3 CIS  capacity information system; carcinoma CINAHL  Cumulative Index to Nursing and in situ; catheter-induced spasm; central in- Allied Health Literature hibitory state; Chemical Information Service; Cinahl  Cumulative Index to Nursing and clinical information system; clinically iso- Allied Health lated syndrome; computer-integrated sur- CINCA  chronic infantile neurologic cutane- gery; computerized information system; ous and articular [syndrome] continuous interleaved sampler; Coronary CINDI  Countrywide Integrated Noncommu- Intervention Study; cumulative impairment nicable Disease Intervention [study] score CINE  chemotherapy-induced nausea and CI-S  calculus index, simplified emesis CiS  cingulate sulcus C1 INH  complement 1 inhibitor CISC  complex instructional set computing C1-INH  C1-esterase inhibitor CISCAIIBIV  Cytoxan, Adriamycin, platinum, CINI  Computers in Nursing Interactive vinblastine, bleomycin CINV  cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea cis-DPP  cisplatin and vomiting CISE  Computer and Information Science CIO  chief information officer; corticoid- and Engineering induced osteoporosis CISET  Committee on International Science, CIOMS  Council for International Organiza- Engineering, and Technology tions of Medical Sciences CISH  competitive in situ hybridization CIOSC  Canadian Integrated Outbreak Sur- CISMeF  Catalog and Index of French- veillance Center Speaking Resources CIP  care information provision; chronic id- CISP  chronic intractable shoulder pain iopathic polyradiculoneuropathy; chronic CIS PT  cisplatin intestinal pseudoobstruction; Collection de 13-cis-RA  13-cis-retinoic acid l’Institut Pasteur CISS  chromosome in situ suppression; CIPA  client interface for professional ac- Common Internet Scheme Syntax; construc- cess; Computer-Aided Identification of  tive interference in steady state; Coping In- Phlebotomine Sandflies of the Americas ventory for Stressful Situations CIPC  Center for Injury Prevention and Con- CISST  computer-integrated surgical system trol and technology CIPD  continuous intermittent peritoneal di- CIT  citrate; combined intermittent therapy; alysis conjugated-immunoglobulin technique; criti- CIPF  classic interstitial pneumonitis- cal incident technique; crossed intrinsic fibrosis; clinical illness promoting factor transfer CIPHER  Common Information for Public cit  citrate Health Reporting CITS  Carey Infant Temperament Scale; cere- CIPM  International Committee on Weights bral infarction with transient symptoms and Measures [Fr. Comité International des CITT  Chemical Industry Institute for Toxi- Poids et Mesures] cology CIPN  chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy CITTS  Central Illinois Thrombolytic Thera- CIPOS  chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction py Study syndrome CIV  Carey Island virus; ceratitis I virus; con- CIPRA  Comprehensive International Pro- tinuous intravenous infusion; fourth cranial gram of Research on AIDS nerve CIPSO  chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction CIVI  continuous intravenous infusion CIR  constant interval reciprocal CIVII  continuous intravenous insulin infu- CIRC  Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release sion circ  circuit; circular; circumcision; circum- CIX  ninth cranial nerve ference CIXA  constant infusion excretory urogram  83 CJ  conjunctivitis cutaneous lymphocyte antigen; cyclic lysine CJA  Creutzfeldt-Jakob agent anhydride CJD  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Cl-a  alternative chloride channel CJS  Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome ClAc  chloroacetyl CJSV  Carajas virus CLAH  congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia CjvO2  jugular venous oxygen content CLam  cervical laminectomy CK  calf kidney; casein kinase; chemokine; CLARINET  Placebo-Controlled Study of chicken kidney; cholecystokinin; choline ki- Lanreotide Antiproliferative Response in Pa- nase; contralateral knee; creatine kinase; cy- tients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroen- anogen chloride; cytokinin docrine Tumor CKII  casein kinase II CLAS  Cholesterol-Lowering Atherosclero- ck  check, checked sis Study; circulating lupus anticoagulant Cκ  kappa light chain constant region syndrome; classification; computerized labo- CKB  creatine kinase, brain type ratory alerting system; congenital localized CKC  cold-knife conization absence of skin CKD  chronic kidney disease; cone-kernal CLASP  Collaborative Low-Dose Aspirin distribution Study in Pregnancy CKG  cardiokymography CLASS  Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study C/kg  coulomb per kilogram class, classif  classification CKI  cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CLASSICS  Clopidrogrel Aspirin Stent Inter- CKM  creatine kinase, muscle type ventional Cooperative Study CKMB  creatine kinase, myocardial bound clav  clavicle CKMM  creatine kinase, muscle type CLB  chlorambucil; clobazam; configurable CK-PZ  cholecystokinin-pancreozymin logic block; curvilinear body CKR  chemokine receptor CLBBB  complete left bundle branch block CKRM  clinical knowledge repository man- CLBP  chronic low back pain ager CLC  Charcot-Leyden crystal; Clerc-Levy- CKS  classic form of Kaposi sarcoma Critesco [syndrome] CL  capillary lumen; cardiolipin; case library; ClC  chloride channel cell line central [venous] line; centralis late- CLCA  compact low-chromatin area ralis; cervical line; chemiluminescence; CLCD  cleidocranial dysostosis chest and left arm [ECG]; childhood leu- CLCN  chloride channel kemia; cholelithiasis; cholesterol-lecithin; ClCN  cyanogen chloride chronic leukemia; cirrhosis of liver; clavi- CL/CP  cleft lip/cleft palate cle; clear liquid; clearance; cleft lip; clinical Clcr  creatinine clearance laboratory; clomipramine; complete linkage; CLCS  colchicine sensitivity complex loading; composite lymphoma; CLD  central low density; central lung dis- computational linguistics; confidence level; tance; chloride diarrhea; chronic liver dis- confidence limit; contact lens; corpus luteum; ease; chronic lung disease; congenital limb corrected length; cricoid lamina; criterion deficiency; crystal ligand field level; critical list; cutaneous leishmaniasis; cld  closed cutis laxa; cycle length; cytotoxic lympho- CLDH  choline dehydrogenase cyte; lung capacity; lung compliance cldy  cloudy C-L  consultation-liaison CLE  centrilobular emphysema; congenital CL  constant region of light chain of lobar emphysema; continuous lumbar epidu- immunoglobulin molecule; lung compli- ral [anesthesia] ance CLEAR  Collaborative Exchange of Antifun- Cl  chloride; chlorine; clavicle; clear; clear- gal Research ance; clinic; Clostridium; closure; colistin CLED  cystine-lactose-electrolyte deficient cL, cl  centiliter [agar] cl  clarified; clean; clear; cleft; clinic; clini- CLEMANTIS  clinical engineering manage- cal; clonus; clotting; cloudy ment tool and information system Cλ  lambda light chain constant region [im- CLEOPAD  Clopidogrel in Peripheral Arte- munoglobulins] rial Disease [study] CLA  Canadian Lung Association; cerebel- CLEV  Chironomus luridus entomopoxvirus lar ataxia; Certified Laboratory Assistant; CLF  cardiolipin fluorescent [antibody]; ce- cervicolinguoaxial; closed-loop algorithm; roid lipofuscinosis; cholesterol-lecithin floc- conjugated linoleic acid; contralateral local culation anesthesia; cutaneous lichen amyloidosis; Clf  clumping factor  84 ClfA  clumping factor A CL/P  cleft lip with or without cleft palate CLH  chronic lobular hepatitis; cleft limb– CL(P)  cleft lip without cleft palate heart [syndrome]; congenital lobar hyperin- ClP  clinical pathology flation; corpus luteum hormone; cutaneous ClR  renal clearance lymphoid hyperplasia CLRA  Children’s Leukemia Research Asso- CLI  complement lysis inhibitor; corpus lu- ciation teum insufficiency; critical limb ischemia CLRT  continuous lateral rotational therapy CLIA  Clinical Laboratory Improvement CLRV  Cimex lectularius reovirus Amendments CLS  café-au-lait spot; classical least square; CLIAC  Clinical Laboratory Improvement Clinical Laboratory Scientist; Coffin-Lowry Advisory Committee syndrome; Cornelia de Lange syndrome CLIBS  cation and ligand–induced binding site CLSC  Centres Locaux de Services Commu- CLIF  cloning inhibitory factor; Crithidia lu- nitaires ciliae immunofluorescence CLSE  calf lung surfactant extract CLIMS  clinical laboratory information man- CLSF  current localization by spatial filter- agement system ing clin  clinic, clinical CLSH  corpus luteum–stimulating hormone CLINPROT  Clinical Cancer Protocols CLSI  Clinical and Laboratory Standards In- ClinQuery  clinical query stitute CLINT  clinical informatics network CLSL  chronic lymphosarcoma (cell) leuke- Clint  intrinsic clearance mia CLIP  capitolunate instability pattern; CLSM  confocal laser scanning microscope Cholesterol-Lowering Intervention Program; CLT  Certified Laboratory Technician; chron- corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide ic lymphocytic thyroiditis; Clinical Labora- CLIPS  C-language integrated production tory Technician; clot lysis time; clotting time; system lung-thorax compliance CLL  cholesterol-lowering lipid; chronic lym- CLTB  total body clearance phatic leukemia; chronic lymphocytic leuke- CLT(NCA)  Certified Laboratory Technician mia; cow lung lavage (National Certification Agency for Medical CLM  capillary-lymphatic malformation Laboratory Personnel) ClM  metabolic clearance CLU  clusterin CLMA  Clinical Laboratory Management CLV  Colletotrichum lindemuthianum virus; Association common latent virus; constant linear velocity Cl2MD  dichloromethylene diphosphate CLVI  complex lower limb vascular injury CLMF  cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation fac- CL VOID  clean voided specimen tor CLZ  clozapine CLML  Current List of Medical Literature CM  California mastitis [test]; calmodu- CLMS  clinical management system lin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; car- CLN  neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis diac monitoring; cardiac murmur; cardiac CLNC  Certified Legal Nurse Consultant muscle; cardiomyopathy; carpometacarpal; CLO  Campylobacter-like organism; cod Caroll/Mackie [radiotherapy]; castrated liver oil male; Caucasian male; cause of death [Lat. ClO  oral clearance causa mortis]; cavernous malformation; clo  clothing [thermal insulation unit] cell membrane; center of mass; central CLOB  character large object mentum; cerebral malaria; cerebral mantle; CLOF  clofibrate Certified Midwife; cervical mucosa/mucus; CLON  clonidine Chick-Martin [coefficient]; chloroquine- Clon  Clonorchis mepacrine; chondromalacia; chopped meat Clostr  Clostridium [medium]; chronic meningitis; chylomicron; CLOT  Clinical Perspectives on Lysis of circular muscle; circulating monocyte; cir- Thrombi [study] cumferential measurement; classification CLOUT  Clinical Outcomes with Ultrasound maximization; clindamycin; clinical medi- Trial; Core Laboratory Ultrasound Analysis cine; clinical modification; coccidioidal Study meningitis; cochlear microphonic; combined CLP  cardiac laboratory panel; cecal ligation modality; common migraine; complete me- and puncture; chymotrypsin-like protein; dium; complications; condition median; cleft lip with cleft palate; common lympho- conditioned medium; congenital malforma- cyte progenitor; constraining logic program- tion; congestive myocardiopathy; continuous ming; paced cycle length murmur; contrast material; contrast medium;  85 copulatory mechanism; costal margin; entiation; count median diameter; cranio- cow’s milk; cutaneous mastocytosis; cy- mandibular disorder tometry; cytoplasmic membrane; Master of CMDD  choline and methionine deficient Surgery [Lat. Chirurgiae Magister]; narrow- diet diameter endosseous screw implant [Fr. crête cmDNA  cytoplasmic membrane-associated manche] deoxyribonucleic acid C-M  cardiomyopathy CMDS  computer misuse detection system C/M  counts per minute CMDSC  Certified Minimum Data Set Coor- C&M  cocaine and morphine dinator CM  metabolite clearance CME  cervical mediastinal exploration; con- Cm  curium; minimal concentration tinuing medical education; Council on Medi- Cm  maximum clearance; membrane capaci- cal Education; crude marijuana extract; tance cystoid macular edema cM  centimorgan CMED  central medical emergency dispatch cm  centimeter center Cμ  mu light chain constant region CMF  calcium-magnesium free; catabolite cm2  square centimeter modular factor; chloromethylfluorescein; cm3  cubic centimeter chondromyxoid fibroma; Christian Medical CMA  Canadian Medical Association; Certi- Fellowship; cold mitten friction; colonic fied Medical Assistant; chronic metabolic myofibroblast; cortical magnification factor; acidosis; cingulate motor area; cow’s milk craniomandibulofacial; cyclophosphamide, allergy; cultured macrophages methotrexate, and fluorouracil CMAC  cerebellar model articulation con- CMFDA  chloromethylfluorescein diacetate troller CMFT  cardiolipin microflocculation test CMAP  compound motor/muscle action po- CMFV  cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, tential fluorouracil, and vincristine CMAR  cell matrix adhesion regulator CMFVP  cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, Cmax, Cmax maximum concentration; fluorouracil, vincristine, prednisone peak lidocaine concentration CMG  canine myasthenia gravis; congenital CMB  carbolic methylene blue; Central Mid- myasthenia gravis; case-mix group; chopped wives’ Board; chloromercuribenzoate meat glucose [medium]; cystometrogram, CMBC  concentration of moving blood cystometrography cells CMGN  chronic membranous glomerulone- CMBES  Canadian Medical and Biological phritis Engineering Society CMGS  chopped meat–glucose-starch [me- CMC  carboxymethylcellulose; care manage- dium]; Clinical Molecular Genetics Society ment continuity; carpometacarpal; cell- CMGT  chromosome-mediated gene transfer mediated cytolysis or cytotoxicity; chemical CMH  cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic; com- mismatch cleavage; chloramphenicol; chron- munity mental health; congenital malforma- ic mucocutaneous candidiasis; Comprehen- tion of the heart sive Medicinal Chemistry [database]; critical CMHC  community mental health center micellar concentration C/MHC  community migrant health center cmc  critical micelle concentration CMHIS  Community Mental Health Infor- CMCC  chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis mation System CMCJ  carpometacarpal joint cmH2O  centimeters of water CMCN  Certified Managed Care Nurse CMHS  center for mental health services; CMCS  computer-mediated communication Continuous Medicare History Sample system CMHT  community mental health team CMCT  carbodiimide metho-p-toluene sulfo- CMI  carbohydrate metabolism index; care nate; central motor conduction time management integration; case-mix index; CMCt  care management continuity across cell-mediated immunity; cell multiplication settings inhibition; chronic mesenteric ischemia; cir- CMD  camptomelic dwarfism; camptomelic culating microemboli index; colonic motility dysplasia; cartilage matrix deficiency; cere- index; combat medical informatics; com- bromacular degeneration; Certified Medical bined myocardial infarction; Commonwealth Densitometrist; chief medical director; child- Mycological Institute; computed maxillofa- hood muscular dystrophy; common mental cial imaging; computer-managed instruction; disorder; comparative mean dose; congenital Cornell Medical Index muscular dystrophy; corticomedullary differ- CMID  cytomegalic inclusion disease  86 c/min  cycles per minute CMPD  chronic myeloproliferative disorder CMINET  Chinese Medical Information Net- cmpd  compound, compounded work CMPGN  chronic membranoproliferative CMIO  chief medical information officer glomerulonephritis CMIR  cell-mediated immune response cmps  centimeters per second CMIS  common management information CMR  cardiomodulorespirography; cerebral services metabolic rate; chief medical resident; child CMISP  common management information mortality rate; chloroform-methanol residue standards/protocol [vaccine]; chylomicron remnant; common CMIT  Current Medical Information and Ter- medical record; common mode rejection; minology computerized medical record; congenital mi- CMJ  carpometacarpal joint tral regurgitation; cross-reacting material; CMK  chloromethyl ketone; congenital mul- crude mortality ratio ticystic kidney CMRG  cerebral metabolic rate of glucose CML  carboxymethyl lysine; cell-mediated CMRGlc  combined metabolic rate of glu- lymphocytotoxicity; cell-mediated lymphol- cose ysis; central motor latency; chronic myelo- CMRGlu, CMRglu  cerebral metabolic rate cytic leukemia; chronic myelogenous of glucose leukemia; chronic myeloid leukemia; clinical CMRI  cardiac magnetic resonance imaging medical librarian; clinical medical library CMRL  cerebral metabolic rate of lactate c/mL  copies per milliliter CMRNG  chromosomal control of mecha- CMLNP  comprehensive multilevel nursing nisms of resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae practice [model] CMRO, CMRO2  cerebral metabolic rate of CMLV  camelpox virus oxygen consumption CMM  cell-mediated mutagenesis; color CMRP  cervical magnetic resonance phle- Doppler M-mode; Columbia Mental Matu- bography rity [scale]; coordinate measuring machine CMRR  common mode rejection ratio [orthopedic surgery]; cross-modality match- CMS  Centers for Medicare and Medicaid ing; cutaneous malignant melanoma Services; children’s medical services; chro- cmm  cubic millimeter mosome modification site; chronic myelo- CMMC  cervical myelomeningocele dysplastic syndrome; circulation, motion, CMME  chloromethyl methyl ether sensation; clinical management system; CMML  chronic myelomonocytic leukemia clofibrate-induced muscular syndrome; CMMoL  chronic myelomonocytic leukemia Clyde Mood Scale; complement-mediated CMMS  Columbia Mental Maturity Scale solubility; content management system; CMN  canine minute virus; caudal mediasti- Copenhagen Male Study; cortical magnetic nal node; certification of medical necessity; stimulation cystic medial necrosis cm/s  centimeters per second CMNA  complement-mediated neutrophil CMSC  computer science activation CMSD  congenital myocardial sympathetic CMN-AA  cystic medial necrosis of ascend- dysinnervation ing aorta cm/sec  centimeters per second CMO  cardiac minute output; chief medical CMSRN  Certified Medical-Surgical Regis- officer; comfort measures only; competitive tered Nurse medical organization; corticosterone methy- CMSS  circulation, motor ability, sensation, loxidase and swelling; Council of Medical Specialty CMO2  cerebral metabolic oxygen rate Societies cMO  centimorgan CMT  California mastitis test; cancer multi- cMOAT  canalicular multispecific organic step therapy; catechol methyltransferase; cer- anion transporter tified medical transcriptionist; cervical CMOL  chronic monocytic leukemia motion tenderness; Charcot-Marie-Tooth CMOS  compatible monolithic conductivity [syndrome]; chemotherapy; circus move- sensor; complementary metal-oxide semi- ment tachycardia; combined modality thera- conductor py; complex motor tic; continuous memory CMP  cardiomyopathy; cartilage matrix pro- test; controlled medical terminology; conver- tein; chemical measurement process; chon- gent medical terminology; current medical dromalacia patellae; cochlear microphonic terminology potential; competitive medical plan; compre- CMT1  Charcot-Marie-Tooth [disease or hensive medical plan; cytidine monophosphate neuropathy] type 1  87 CMTC  cadmium manganese thiocyanate; CNAV  Cananeia virus cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita; CNB  cutting needle biopsy cytoplasmic microtubule complex CNBP  cellular nucleic acid binding protein CMTD  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; chron- CNC  community nursing center ic multiple tic disorder CNCbl  cyanocobalamin CMTIA  Charcot-Marie-Tooth [disease, neu- CNCC  Certified Nurse in Critical Care ropathy] type IA CNCD  chronic noncommunicable disease CMTIB  Charcot-Marie-Tooth [disease, neu- CND  care need determination ropathy] type IB CNDC  chronic nonspecific diarrhea of CMTL  computer-mediated tutorial laboratory childhood; chronic nonsuppurative destruc- CMTS  Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome tive cholangitis CMTX  Charcot-Marie-Tooth [syndrome], CNDI  congenital nephrogenic diabetes in- X-linked sipidus CMU  chlorophenyldimethylurea CNE  Certified Nurse Educator; chief nurse CMUA  continuous motor unit activity executive; chronic nervous exhaustion; con- CMV  canine minute virus; continuous man- centric needle electrode datory ventilation; controlled mechanical C3NeF  C3 nephritic factor ventilation; controlled medical vocabulary; CNEMG  concentric needle electrode elec- conventional mechanical ventilation; cool tromyography mist vaporizer; cytomegalovirus CNES  chronic nervous exhaustion syn- CMV-E  cytomegalovirus encephalitis drome CMV-MN  cytomegalovirus mononucleosis CNET  net compliance CMV-VE  cytomegalovirus ventriculoen- CNF  chronic nodular fibrositis; congenital cephalitis nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish; conjunc- CMX  cefmenoxime tive normal form system; cytotoxic necrotiz- CMYK  cyan magenta yellow black ing factor CN  caudate nucleus; cellulose nitrate; CNGC  cyclic nucleotide gated channel charge nurse; child nutrition; chloroaceto- CNH  central neurogenic hyperpnea; com- phenone; clinical nursing; cochlear nucleus; munity nursing home condensation nucleus; congenital nystagmus; CNHD  congenital nonspherocytic hemolyt- cranial nerve; Crigler-Najjar [syndrome]; cy- ic disease anogen; cyanosis neonatorum CNI  center of nuclear image; chronic nerve C-N  circumference of the chest at the nipple irritation; clinical nursing intern; community C:N  calorie/nitrogen ratio nutrition institute C/N  carbon/nitrogen ratio; carrier/noise CNIDR  Clearinghouse for Networked Infor- ratio; contrast/noise ratio mation Discovery and Retrieval CN−  cyanide anion CNIS  clinical nursing information system; CN I  first cranial nerve [olfactory] computerized nursing information system CN II  second cranial nerve [optic] CNK  cortical necrosis of kidney CN III  third cranial nerve [oculomotor] CNL  cardiolipin natural lecithin; chronic CN IV  fourth cranial nerve [trochlear] neutrophilic leukemia CN V  fifth cranial nerve [trigeminal] CNLCP  Certified Nurse Life Care Planner CN VI  sixth cranial nerve [abducent] CNLS  complex nonlinear least square CN VII  seventh cranial nerve [facial] CNM  centronuclear myopathy; Certified CN VIII  eighth cranial nerve [vestibuloco- Nurse-Midwife; combinatorial neural model; chlear] computerized nuclear morphometry CN IX  ninth cranial nerve [glossopharyn- CNMDSA  community nursing minimum geal] data set, Australia CN X  tenth cranial nerve [vagus] CNMetHb  cyanmethemoglobin CN XI  eleventh cranial nerve [accessory] CNMT  Certified Nuclear Medicine Tech- CN XII  twelfth cranial nerve [hypoglossal] nologist Cn  Copernicium CNN  Canadian National Network; Canadi- CNA  calcium nutrient agar; Canadian Nurs- an Neonatal Network; Certified in Nephrol- es Association; Certified in Nursing Admin- ogy Nursing; computational neural network stration; Certified Nursing Assistant CNNP  Certified Neonatal Nurse Practitio- CNAF  chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation ner CNAG  chronic narrow-angle glaucoma CNO  chief nursing officer; community CNAP  career nurse assistants’ programs; nursing organization compound nerve action potential CNOR  Certified Nurse, Operating Room  88 cNOS  constitutive nitric oxide synthase [syndrome]; coarctation of the aorta; condi- CNP  Certified Nurse Practitioner; commu- tion on admission nity nurse practitioner; continuous negative CoA  coenzyme A pressure; cranial nerve palsy; C-type natri- COACH  Canadian Organization for the Ad- uretic peptide; 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′- vancement of Computers in Health; cerebel- phosphodiesterase lar vermis hypoplasia/aplasia, oligophrenia, CNPase  2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phos- congenital ataxia, ocular colobomata, hepatic phohydrolase fibrosis [syndrome] CNPB  continuous negative pressure breath- COAD  chronic obstructive airway disease; ing clinician-oriented access to data CNPV  canarypox virus; continuous nega- COAG  chronic open-angle glaucoma tive pressure ventilation coag  coagulated, coagulation CNQX  6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione COAL  chronic obstructive airflow limitation CNR  cadherin-related neuronal receptor; COAP  cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabi- cannabinoid receptor; Center for Nursing Re- nose, vincristine, prednisone search; contrast/noise ratio; Council of Nurse coarct  coarctation Researchers COAS  clinical observations access service C(N,r)  combination of N things taken r at a CoASH  uncombined coenzyme A time CoA-SPC  coenzyme A–synthesizing pro- CNRC  Children’s Nutrition Research Center tein complex CNRN  Certified Neuroscience Registered COAT  Children’s Orientation and Amnesia Nurse Test; Cooperative Osaka Adenosine Trial CNRT  corrected sinus node recovery time COB  chronic obstructive bronchitis; coordi- CNS  central nervous system; clinical nurse nation of benefits specialist; coagulase-negative staphylococci; COBALT  Continuous Infusion vs. Bolus Al- congenital nephrotic syndrome; cutaneous teplase Trial; Continuous Infusion vs. nerve stimulator; sulfocyanate Double-Bolus Administration of Alteplase CNSHA  congenital nonspherocytic hemo- coban  cohesive bandage lytic anemia COBOL  common business-oriented lan- CNS-L  central nervous system leukemia guage CNSLD  chronic nonspecific lung disease COBRA  Comparison of Balloon vs. Rota- CNSN  Certified Nutrition Support Nurse tional Angioplasty; computer-operated birth CNST  coagulase-negative staphylococci defect recognition aid; Consolidated Omni- CNS[t]  nonspecific tracer concentration bus Reconciliation Act CNT  Clostridium neurotoxin; could not COBS  cesarean-obtained barrier-sustained; test chronic organic brain syndrome CNTF  ciliary neutrophilic factor COBT  chronic obstruction of the biliary CNTFR  ciliary neutrophilic factor receptor tract CNTHM  conotruncal heart malformation COC  cathodal opening contraction; coccy- CNTV  Connecticut virus geal; combination oral contraceptive; com- CNUV  Chenuda virus mission on cancer; cumulus-oocyte complex CNV  choroidal neovascularization; contin- COCI  Consortium on Chemical Information gent negative variation; cutaneous necrotiz- COCl  cathodal opening clonus ing vasculitis COCM  congestive cardiomyopathy CO  carbon monoxide; cardiac output; castor COCN  Certified Ostomy Care Nurse oil; casualty officer; centric occlusion; cervi- COCP  combined oral contraceptive pill cal orthosis; cervicoaxial; childhood onset; Co-Cr-Mo  cobalt-chromium-molybdenum choline oxidase; coccygeal; coenzyme; com- [alloy] pound; control; corneal opacity; cross over; COCS  Cornell-Oxford China Study cyclophosphamide and vincristine COCV  cocal virus C/O, c/o  check out; complaining of; com- COD  cause of death; cerebro-ocular dys- plains of; complaints of; in care of plasia; chemical oxygen demand; codeine; Co  cobalt collaborative organization design; computer- CO2  carbon dioxide assisted optical densitometry; condition on Co I  coenzyme I discharge Co II  coenzyme II cod  codeine COA  Canadian Ophthalmological Associa- CODAS  cerebro-oculo-dento-auriculo-skel- tion; Canadian Orthopaedic Association; cer- etal [syndrome]; chronotherapeutic oral drug tificate of authority; cervico-oculo-acusticus absorption system  89 CODATA  Committee on Data for Science com  comminuted; commitment and Technology COMA  Committee on Medical Aspects CODEC  coder/decoder [device]; compres- COMAC/HRS/QA  Community Concerted sion and decompression Action Programme on Quality Assurance in COD-MD  cerebroocular dysplasia-muscu- Health Care lar dystrophy [syndrome] comb  combination, combine CODS  Charnes Organizational Diagnosis COMBIMAN  Computerized Biomechani- Survey cal Man-Model coeff  coefficient COMBINE  Combined Pharmacotherapies COEPS  cortical originating extrapyramidal and Behavioral Interventions [study] system COMC  carboxymethylcellulose COER  controlled onset, extended release COME  chronic otitis media with effusion COF  cutoff frequency COMET  Carvedilol or Metoprolol European CoF  cobra factor; cofactor Trial; Carvedilol or Metoprolol Evaluation C of A  coarctation of the aorta Trial COFS  cerebro-oculo-facial-skeletal [syn- CoMET  concept modeling environment for drome]; certificate of free sale teachers COG  center of gravity; cluster of ortholo- comf  comfortable gous groups; cognitive function tests CoMFA  comparative molecular field analy- Cog  cognition; cognitive sis CoGME  Council on Graduate Medical Edu- COMLEX  Comprehensive Osteopathic cation Medical Licensing Examination COGTT  cortisone oral glucose tolerance comm, commun  communicable test CoMMA  comparative molecular moment COH  carbohydrate; controlled ovarian hy- analysis perstimulation COMMIT  Community Intervention Trial for COHb, CoHb  carboxyhemoglobin Smoking Cessation; Comprehensive Multi- CoHgb  carboxyhemoglobin disciplinary Interventional Trial for Regres- COH-IUI  controlled ovarian hyperstimula- sion of Coronary Heart Disease tion before intrauterine insemination COMP  cartilage oligomeric matrix protein; COHN  Certified Occupational Health Nurse cells outside the main population; complica- COHR  computer-based oral health record tion; cyclophosphamide, vincristine, metho- COHSE  Confederation of Health Service trexate, prednisone Employees comp  comparative; compensated, compen- CoHV  Columbid herpesvirus sation; complaint; complete; composition; COI  central obesity index; certificate of in- compound, compounded; comprehension; surance; conflict of interest; cost of illness compress; computer COIF  congenital onychodysplasia of the COMPACCS  Committee on Manpower of index finger Pulmonary and Critical Care Societies COIN  conformal index COMPACT  computer-optimized parametric CoIP  coimmunoprecipitation analysis for chemical toxicity COL  central object library; colposcopy COMPASS  Comparative Trial of Saruplase col  colicin; collection; collagen; colony; vs. Streptokinase; Computerized Online colored; column; strain [Lat. cola] Medicaid Pharmaceutical Analysis and Sur- COLA  Commission on Office Laboratory veillance System Accreditation compd  compound, compounded COLD  chronic obstructive lung disease; compl  complaint; complete, completed, computer output on laser disk completion; complicated, complication COLD A  cold agglutinin titer complic  complicated, complication COLING  computational linguistics compn  composition coll  collateral; collection, collective; col- compr  compression lege; colloidal comp stud  comparative study collat  collateral COMS  cerebro-oculo-muscular syndrome COLTS  Coronary Observational Long-Term CoMSIA  comparative molecular similarity Study index analysis CoLV  Cole latent virus COMT  catecholamine-O-methyl transfer- COM  chronic otitis media; College of ase; certified ophthalmic medical technolo- Osteopathic Medicine; component object gist model; computer-output microfilm COMTRAC  computer-based case tracing  90 COMUL  complement-fixation murine leu- converg  convergence, convergent kosis [test] CONVINCE  Controlled Onset Verapamil CON  certificate of need; cortisone Investigation for Cardiovascular Endpoints Con  concanavalin [study]; Controlled Onset Verapamil Investi- con  against [Lat. contra]; continuation, con- gation of Clinical Endpoints [study] tinue COO  chief operating officer; cost of owner- CON A, Con A  concanavalin A ship [analysis] Con A–HRP concanavalin A–horseradish COOD  chronic obstructive outflow disease peroxidase COOH  carboxy group; carboxy terminus CONC  conceptual entity COOP  charts for primary care practices; conc, concentr  concentrate, concentrated, cooperative concentration coord  coordinated, coordination c-onc  cellular oncogene COP  capillary osmotic pressure; change of COND  cerebro-osteo-nephrodysplasia plaster; coefficient of performance; colloid cond  condensation, condensed; condition, oncotic pressure; colloid osmotic pressure; conditioned; conductivity; conductor competitive oligonucleotide priming; crypto- conf  conference; confined; confinement; genic organizing pneumonitis; cyclophos- confusion phamide, Oncovin, and prednisone CONFIRM  Coronary Computed Tomogra- COPA  Council on Postsecondary Accredi- phy Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Out- tation comes: An International Multicenter Registry COPAD  cyclophosphamide, vincristine, cong  congested, congestion; gallon [Lat. Adriamycin, prednisone, cytarabine, aspara- congius] gine, intrathecal methotrexate congen  congenital COPC  community-oriented primary care CongHD  congenital heart disease COPD  chronic obstructive pulmonary dis- coniz  conization ease conj  conjunctiva, conjunctival COPE  chronic obstructive pulmonary em- conjug  conjugated, conjugation physema CONPA-DRI I vincristine, doxorubicin, and COPEM  Committee on Pediatric Emergen- melphalan cy Medicine CONPA-DRI III  CONPA-DRI I plus inten- COPERNICUS  Carvedilol Prospective sified doxorubicin Randomized Cumulative Survival [trial] CONQUEST  Computerized Needs-Oriented COPi  colloid osmotic pressure in interstitial Quality Measurement Evaluation System fluid CONS  coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; CO/PLL/CG  crystal oscillator/phase-lock consultant, consultation loop/clock generator cons  conservation; conservative; consulta- COPMED  Council for Postgraduate Medi- tion cal Deans CONSENSUS  Cooperative North Scandi- COPP  cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, procar- navian Enalapril Survival Study bazine, prednisone CONSORT  Consolidated Standards of Re- COPp  colloid osmotic pressure in plasma porting Trials COPRO  coproporphyrin; coproporphyrino- const  constant gen constit  constituent COPS  constrained optimal parameter search consult  consultant, consultation COPT  circumoval precipitin reaction test; CONSUME  Compliance of National Sup- computerized oxygen therapy protocol plements Using Multiform Energy Sources COPV  canine oral papillomavirus [study] CoQ  coenzyme Q cont  against [Lat. contra]; bruised [Lat. COR  cardiac output recorder; center of contusus]; contains, contents; continuation, rotation; comprehensive outpatient reha- continue bilitation; conditional origin of replication; contag  contagion, contagious conditioned orientation reflex; consensual contr  contracted, contraction ophthalmotonic reaction; conventional open contra  contraindicated resection; corrosion, corrosive; cortex; cor- contralat  contralateral tisone; crude odds ratio; custodian of re- contrib  contributory cords conv  convalescence, convalescent, conva- CoR  Congo red lescing; convergence, convergent; convul- cor  body [Lat. corpus]; coronary; corrected, sions, convulsive correction  91 CORA  conditioned orientation reflex audi- COSY  correlated spectroscopy ometry COT  colony overlay test; committee on CORALI  coronarography and alimentation trauma; content of thought; contralateral CORAMI  Cohort of Rescue Angioplasty in optic tectum; critical off-time Myocardial Infarction COTA  Certified Occupational Therapy As- CORD  Commissioned Officer Residency sistant; colon-ovary tumor antigen Deferment; Council of Emergency Medicine COTAIM  Continuation of Trial Antihyper- Residency Directors tensive Interventions and Management CORDIS  Cardiovascular Occupational Risk COTD  cardiac output by thermodilution Factor Determination in Israel [study] COTe  cathodal opening tetanus CORE  Center for Organ Recovery and Edu- COTH  Council of Teaching Hospitals and cation; Collaborative Organization for Rheo- Health Systems thRx Evaluation; comprehensive assessment COTRANS  Coordinated Transfer Applica- and referral evaluation; concept reference tion System CORGENE  Coronary Disease and Angio- COTS  commercial off the shelf [product] tensin Converting Enzyme I/D Genotype COU  cardiac observation unit [study] coul  coulomb CORIS  Coronary Risk Factor Study COURAGE  Clinical Outcomes Using Re- CORLN  Certified Otorhinolaryngology vascularization vs. Aggressive Strategies; Nurse Clinical Outcomes Utilization Revascular- CorPP  coronary perfusion pressure ization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation corr  correspondence, corresponding COURT  Contrast Media Utilization in High- CORRECT  Complete vs. Restrictive Revas- Risk Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary cularization by Coronary Angioplasty Trial Angioplasty [trial] CORSICA  Chronic Occlusion Revascular- Cout  outgoing concentration [of blood] ization with Stent Implantation vs. Coronary COV  covariance; cross-over value Angioplasty [study] CoV  coronavirus CORT  corticosterone COVER  Cover of Vaccination Evaluated cort  bark [Lat. cortex]; cortex Rapidly CORTES  Clivarin Assessment of Regres- COVESDEM  costovertebral segmentation sion of Thrombus: Efficacy and Safety defect with mesomelia [syndrome] [study]; coordinate reduction time encoding CoVF  cobra venom factor system COVRA  Computer Vision in Radiology CORV  Corriparta virus COW  curse of womanhood (menstruation) COS  carbon oxysulfide; cheiro-oral syn- COWS  cold to opposite and warm to same drome; chief of staff; clinically observed side seizures; Clinical Orthopaedic Society COX  cyclooxygenase; cytochrome oxidase CoS  class of service COYV  colony virus CoSA  comparative spectral analysis 4-CP  chlorophenoxyacetic acid COSATI  Committee on Scientific and Tech- CP  candle power; capillary pressure; capsid nical Information protein; cardiac pacing; cardiac performance; COSHH  Control of Substances Hazardous cardiopulmonary; caudate putamen; cell  to Health Regulations passage; center of pressure; central pit; COSMIS  Computer System for Medical In- cephalic presentation; cerebellopontine; formation Systems cerebral palsy; ceruloplasmin; cervical posi- COSSMHO  [National] Coalition of His- tion; chemical protection; chemically pure; panic Health and Human Services Organiza- chest pain; child psychiatry; child psychol- tions ogy; Chlamydia pneumoniae; chloropurine; COST  cardiac output study technology; chloroquine-primaquine; chondrodyspla- clinical outcomes of surgical therapy sia punctata; choroid plexus; chronic pain; COSTAR  computer-stored ambulatory re- chronic pancreatitis; chronic polyarthritis; cord chronic prostatitis; chronic pyelonephritis; COSTART  Coding Symbols for a Thesaurus cicatricial pemphigoid; cleft palate; clini- of Adverse Reaction Terms; Common Stan- cal pathology; clock pulse; closing pres- dard Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction Terms sure; coat protein; cochlear potential; code COSTED  Committee on Science and Tech- of practice; cold pressor; color perception; nology in Developing Countries combining power; compound; compressed; COSTEP  Commissioned Officer Student congenital porphyria; constant predictor; Training and Extern Program constant pressure; constrictive pericarditis;  92 coproporphyrin; cor pulmonale; coracoid CPCI  Chronic Pain Coping Inventory process; cosine packet; counter propaga- CPCL  congenital pulmonary cystic lym- tion [algorithm]; coverage probability [ra- phangiectasia diotherapy]; C peptide; creatine phosphate; CPCP  chronic progressive coccidioidal creatine phosphokinase; critical pressure; pneumonitis cross-linked protein; crude protein; current CPCR  cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscita- practice; cyclophosphamide; cyclophospha- tion; Center for Primary Care Research mide and prednisone; cytosol protein CPCRA  Community Programs for Clinical C&P  compensation and pension; complete Research on AIDS and pain free; cystoscopy and pyelography CPCS  circumferential pneumatic compres- C/P  cholesterol/phospholipid ratio sion suit; computer-based patient case simu- C+P  cryotherapy with pressure lation system Cp  ceruloplasmin; chickenpox; Corynebac- CPCV  Cacipacore virus terium parvum; peak concentration CPD  calcium pyrophosphate deposition; Cp  concentration in plasma; constant pres- cephalopelvic disproportion; cerebelloparen- sure; phosphate clearance chymal disorder; childhood or congenital cP  centipoise polycystic disease; chorioretinopathy and  cp  candle power; centipoise; chemically pituitary dysfunction; chronic peritoneal  pure; circular plasmid; compare dialysis; chronic protein deprivation; citrate- cp  constant pressure phosphate-dextrose; contact potential differ- CPA  Canadian Physiotherapy Association; ence; contagious pustular dermatitis; critical Canadian Psychiatric Association; carboxy- point drying; cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer; peptidase A; cardiophrenic angle; cardiopul- cyclopentadiene monary arrest; carotid phonoangiography; cpd  cigarettes per day; compound; cycles cerebellopontine angle; child physical abuse; per degree chlorophenoxyacetic acid; chlorophenylala- CPDA  citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine nine; chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy; CPDD  calcium pyrophosphate deposition circulating platelet aggregate; complement disease; cis-platinum-diamine dichloride; proactivator; control, preoccupation, and ad- College on Problems of Drug Dependence diction; cost per action; costophrenic angle; cpd E  compound E cyclophosphamide; cyclopiazonic acid; cy- CP DEPMEDS chemically protected de- proterone acetate ployable medical system C3PA  complement-3 proactivator cpd F  compound F Cpa  cardiac peak amplitude CPDL  cumulative population doubling level CPAD  chronic peripheral arterial disease CPDN  Certified Peritoneal Dialysis Nurse CPAF  chlorpropamide-alcohol flushing CPDX  cefpodoxime Cpah  para-aminohippurate clearance CPDX-PR  cefpodoxime proxetil CPAM  congenital pulmonary airway mal- CPE  capillary parenchymal element; carbon formation paste electrode; cardiac pulmonary edema; CPAN  Certified Post Anesthesia Nurse chronic pulmonary emphysema; clinical CP-ANN  counterpropagation artificial neu- progress exercise; Clostridium perfringens ral network enterotoxin; collective protection equipment; CPAP  continuous positive airway pressure compensation, pension, and education; com- CPAS  Canadian Prinivil Atenolol Study plete physical examination; complicated CPB  carboxypeptidase B; cardiopulmonary pleural effusion; corona-penetrating enzyme; bypass; cetylpyridinium bromide; competi- cryopreserved embryo transfer; cryptogenic tive protein binding; controlled position partial epilepsy; cytopathogenic effect brace CPEO  chronic progressive external ophthal- CPBA  competitive protein-binding analysis moplegia CPBV  cardiopulmonary blood volume CPEP  Chicago Coronary Prevention Evalu- CPC  central posterior curve; cerebellar Pur- ation Program; clinical practice enhancement kinje cell; cerebral palsy clinic; cerebral per- project formance category; cetylpyridinium chloride; CPE-R  Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin chemical protective clothing; chest pain cen- receptor ter; child protection center; Child-Pugh class; CPEV  Chironomus plumosus entomopoxvi- chronic passive congestion; circumferential rus pneumatic compression; clinical-patholog- CPF  center point of force; clot-promoting ic correlation; clinicopathologic conference; factor; complication probability factor; con- cost per click traction peak force; current patient file  93 Cpf  cardiac peak frequency CPM  circumference of papillary muscle CPFC  chemically protective footgear cover cpm  counts per minute; cycles per minute CPG  capillary blood gases; cardiopneumo- CP-MCT  chirp pulse microwave computed graphic recording; carotid phonoangiogram; tomography central pattern generator; clinical practice CPMG  Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill [se- guidelines; computerized pattern generator quence] CPGN  chronic proliferative glomerulone- CPMP  Committee for Proprietary Medici- phritis nal Products; complete patient management CPGs  clinical practice guidelines problems CPH  Certificate in Public Health; chronic CPMS  chronic progressive multiple sclero- paroxysmal hemicrania; chronic persistent sis hepatitis; chronic primary headache CPN  causal probabilistic network; celiac CPHA  Canadian Public Health Association; plexus neurolysis; central parenteral nutri- Commission on Professional and Hospital tion; Certified Pediatric Nurse; chronic  Activities polyneuropathy; chronic pyelonephritis; CPHA-PAS  Commission on Professional community pediatric nurse; community psy- and Hospital Activities–Professional Activity chiatric nurse Study CPNA  Certified Pediatric Nurse Associate CPHL  Central Public Health Laboratory CPNE  clinical performance nursing exami- CPHLN  Canadian Public Health Laboratory nation Network CPNL  Certified Practical Nurse, Long-Term CPHQ  certified professional in health care Care quality CPNM  corrected perinatal mortality CPHRP  Coronary Prevention and Hyperten- CPNP  Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner sion Research Project CPO  cleft palate only; contract provider or- CPHS  Centre for Public Health Sciences ganization; coproporphyrinogen oxidase CpHV  caprine herpesvirus CPOE  computerized physician order entry; CPI  California Personality Inventory; Can- computerized provider order entry cer Potential Index; common patient index; CPOG  chemically protective overgarment congenital palatopharyngeal incompetence; CPON  Certified Pediatric Oncology Nurse constitutional psychopathic inferiority; con- CPOPR  computerized problem-oriented pa- ventional planar imaging; coronary progno- tient record sis index; cysteine proteinase inhibitor C-PORT  Cardiovascular Patient Outcomes CPIB  chlorophenoxyisobutyrate Research Team [trial] CPIJH  compass proximal interphalangeal CPOS  chest pain order sheet joint hinge CPOTHA  chest pain onset to hospital ar- CPIP  chronic pulmonary insufficiency of rival prematurity CPOU  chest pain observation unit CPIR  cephalic-phase insulin release CPP  cancer proneness phenotype; canine CPK  cell population kinetic [model]; cre- pancreatic polypeptide; cerebral perfusion atine phosphokinase pressure; chest pain policy; (±)-2[3-(2′-chlo- cPK  cytosolic protamine kinase rophenoxy)phenyl] propionic [acid]; chronic CPK-BB  creatine phosphokinase, brain type pelvic pain; chronic pigmented purpura; cPKC  classical protein kinase C coronary perfusion pressure; cyclopenteno- CPKD  childhood polycystic kidney disease phenanthrene CPL  caprine placental lactogen; conditioned CPPB  continuous positive-pressure breath- pitch level; congenital pulmonary lymphan- ing giectasia; cost per lead CPPD  calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate de- C/PL  cholesterol/phospholipid ratio position [syndrome]; chest percussion and cpl  complete, completed post drainage; cisplatin; cost per patient  CPLM  cysteine-peptone-liver infusion me- day dium CPPT  Coronary Primary Prevention Trial CPLS  cleft palate–lateral synechia syndrome CPPV  continuous positive pressure ventila- CPM  calorie-protein malnutrition; central tion pontine myelinosis; chlorpheniramine male- CPQA  certified professional in quality as- ate; confidence profile method; confined  surance placental mosaicism; continuous passive mo- CPR  cardiopulmonary reserve; cardiopul- tion; cost per 1000 impressions; critical path monary resuscitation; centripetal rub; cere- method; cyclophosphamide bral cortex perfusion rate; chlorophenyl red;  94 computerized patient record; cortisol produc- particle transport; cold pressor test; combin- tion rate; cumulative patency rate; custom- ing power test; complex physical therapy; ary, prevailing, and reasonable computer psychometric test; conditional c-PR  cyclopropyl probability table; conjunctival provocation cpr  computerized patient record test; continuous performance task; continu- CPRAM  controlled partial-rebreathing an- ous performance test; Current Procedural  esthesia method Terminology CPRCA  constitutional pure red cell aplasia CPT-11  irinotecan CPRD  Committee on Prosthetics Research CPTA  Center for Practice and Technology and Development Assessment CPRG  Coronary Prevention Research CPTH  chronic posttraumatic headache Group CPTN  culture positive toxin negative CPRI  Computerized Patient Record Institute CPTP  culture positive toxin positive CPRO  coproporphyrinogen oxidase CPTX  chronic parathyroidectomy CPRP  chemical personnel reliability pro- CPU  caudate putamen; central processing gram unit CPRS  Children’s Psychiatric Rating Scale; CPUE  chest pain of unknown etiology Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating CPV  canine parvovirus; Coastal Plains Scale; computerized patient record system virus; Cotia virus; cypovirus; cytoplasmic CPS  Caerphilly Prospective Study; Cancer polyhedrosis virus Prevention Study; carbamoylphosphate syn- CpV  Calliteara pudibunda virus; cypovirus; thetase; cardioplegic perfusion solution; car- cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus diopulmonary support; center for preventive CPVC  common pulmonary venous channel services; centipoise; cervical pain syndrome; CPVD  congenital polyvalvular disease characters per second; chest pain syndrome; CPX  cleft palate, X-linked; clinical practice Child Personality Scale; Child Protective examination; complete physical examination Services; chloroquine, pyrimethamine, and CPXD  chondrodysplasia punctata, X-linked sulfisoxazole; chronic prostatitis syndrome; dominant classroom performance system; clinical per- CPXR  chondrodysplasia punctata, X-linked formance score; Clinical Pharmacy Services; recessive coagulase-positive Staphylococcus; complex CPZ  cefoperazone; chlorpromazine; Com- partial seizures; concurrent planning system; pazine constitutional psychopathic state; conta- CQ  chloroquine; chloroquine-quinine; cir- gious pustular stomatitis; coronary perfus- cadian quotient; conceptual quotient ate solution; C-polysaccharide; cumulative CQI  continuous quality improvement probability of success; current population  CQIN  clinical quality improvement net- survey work cps  counts per second; cycles per second CQI/TQM  continuous quality improvement/ CPSA  charged particle surface area total quality management CPSC  congenital paucity of secondary syn- CQIV  Calchaqui virus aptic clefts [syndrome]; Consumer Product CQM  chloroquine mustard Safety Commission CQMS  cost quality management system CPSD  carbamyl phosphate synthetase defi- CQOLC  caregiver quality-of-life index-can- ciency cer CPSE  complex partial status epilepticus CQS  central query system CPSF  cleavage and polyadenylation speci- CqV  Callimorpha quadripunctata virus ficity factor CR  cadherin-specific repeat; calculation CPSM  Council for Professions Supplemen- rate; calculus removed; calorie-restricted; tary to Medicine cardiac rehabilitation; cardiac resuscitation; CPSMP  chronic pain self-management pro- cardiac rhythm; cardiorespiratory; cardi- gram orrhexis; caries resistant; cathode ray; cel- CPSN  Certified Plastic Surgical Nurse lular receptor; central ray; centric relation; CPSO  College of Physicians and Surgeons chemoradiation; chest and right arm [ECG]; of Ontario chest roentgenogram/roentgenography; chief CPSP  central poststroke pain resident; child resistant; chimeric receptor; CPSTS  Chinese Poststroke Treatment Study choice reaction; chromium; chronic rejection; CPT  camptothecin; carnitine palmityl trans- chrysene; clinical record; clinical remission; ferase; carotid pulse tracing; chest phys- clinical research; clot retraction; coefficient iotherapy; child protection team; ciliary of fat retention; colon resection; colonization  95 rate; colonization resistance; colony reared; concentrated red blood cells; contrast recov- colorectal; complement receptor; complete ery coefficient; corrected reticulocyte count; remission; complete response; compression creatinine clearance; cross-reacting cannabi- ratio; computed radiography; computerized noids; cyclic redundancy check record; conditioned reflex, conditioned re- CrCl  creatinine clearance sponse; confidence region; congenital rubella; CRCS  cardiovascular reflex conditioning Congo red; contractile reserve; controlled re- system lease; controlled respiration; conversion rate; CRD  carbohydrate-recognition domain; cooling rate; correlation; correlation ratio; child restraint device; childhood rheumatic corticoresistant; creatinine; cremaster reflex; disease; chorioretinal degeneration; chronic cresyl red; critical ratio; crown-rump [mea- renal disease; chronic respiratory disease; surement]; cruciate retaining [arthroplasty] complete reaction of degeneration; complex CR1, 2, 3, 4, 5 complement receptor repetitive discharge; cone-rod retinal dystro- types 1 to 5 phy; congenital rubella deafness; crown- C&R  convalescence and rehabilitation rump distance Cr  chromium; cranial, cranium; creatinine; CRDC  Central Research and Development crown Committee CRA  central retinal artery; Chinese restau- CRDEC  Chemical Research Development rant asthma; chronic rheumatoid arthritis; and Engineering Center clinical research associate; constant relative CR-DIP  chronic relapsing demyelinating in- alkalinity flammatory polyneuropathy CRABP  cellular retinoic acid-binding pro- CRDS  Charles River Data System; client tein response documentation system CRAC  calcium release-activated channel; CRE  cumulative radiation effect; creatinine; compliance-related acute complication cyclic adenosine monophosphate response CRADA  Cooperative Research and Devel- element opment Agreement creat  creatinine CRAF  computer rod and frame test CREATE  Cholesterol Research Education CRAFT  Catheterization Rescue Angioplasty and Treatment Evaluation Following Thrombolysis [trial]; Controlled CREB  cyclic adenosine monophosphate re- Randomized Atrial Fibrillation Trial sponsive element binding [protein] CRAG  Cryptococcus antigen CREDO  Clopidogrel Reduction of Events CRAHCA  Center for Research in Ambula- During Extended Observation [study] tory Health Care Administration CREG  cross-reactive antigen group CRALBP  cellular retinaldehyde-binding CREM  center for rural emergency medicine; protein cyclic adenosine monophosphate response CRAM  common random access memory element modulator CRAMS  circulation, respiration, abdomen, crem  cremaster motor, speech CREOG  Council on Resident Education in cran  cranium, cranial Obstetrics and Gynecology CRAO  central retinal artery occlusion crep  crepitation, crepitus CRASH  corpus callosum hypoplasia, retar- CREST  calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, dation, adducted thumbs, spastic paraplegia, esophageal involvement, sclerodactyly, and hydrocephalus [syndrome] telangiectasia [syndrome]; Carotid Revascu- CraV  Cynara virus larization and Endarterectomy vs. Stent Trial CRAW  computed tomography acquisition CREW  Coronary Regression with Estrogen workstation in Women [study] CRB  chemical, radiologic, and biologic; CRF  cardiorespiratory function; case report congenital retinal blindness; Cramer-Rao form; chronic renal failure; chronic respira- bound tory failure; circulating recombinant form; CrB  Creola bodies coagulase-reacting factor; complex reduction CRBBB  complete right bundle branch block forceps; continuous reinforcement; coronary CRBC  chicken red blood cell reserve flow; corticotropin-releasing factor; CRBP  cellular retinol-binding protein cytokine receptor family CRC  calcium release channel; cancer re- CRFK  Crandell feline kidney cells search campaign; cardiovascular reflex clini- CRFR  corticotropin-releasing factor recep- cal research center; cardiovascular reflex tor conditioning; class responsibilities collabora- CRG  cardiorespirogram; central respiratory tion; colorectal cancer; colorectal carcinoma; generator; collaborative review group  96 CRH  corticotropin-releasing hormone CRNP  Certified Registered Nurse Practitio- CRHBP  corticosterone-releasing hormone ner binding protein CRO  cathode ray oscilloscope; centric rela- CRHL  Collaborative Radiological Health tion occlusion; contract research organiza- Laboratory tion CRHV  cottontail rabbit herpesvirus CROM  cervical range of motion CrHV  cricetid herpesvirus CROME  congenital cataracts, epileptic fits, CRI  Cardiac Risk Index; catheter-related in- mental retardation [syndrome] fection; chronic renal insufficiency; chronic C-ROMS  comprehensive radiation oncolo- respiratory insufficiency; Composite Risk gy management system Index; congenital rubella infection; contact CROP  compliance, rate, oxygenation, and ratio index; corneal relaxing incision; Cra- pressure niofacial Risk Index; cross-reaction idiotype CROS  contralateral routing of signals [hear- C-RI  corecessive inheritance ing aid] CRIB  clinical risk index for babies CRP  chronic relapsing pancreatitis; corneal- CRIE  crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis retinal potential; coronary rehabilitation pro- CRIP  cysteine-rich intestinal protein gram; C-reactive protein; cross-reacting CRIS  Calcium Antagonist Reinfarction Ital- protein; cyclic adenosine monophosphate re- ian Study; clinically related information sys- ceptor protein; cysteine-rich protein tem CrP  creatine phosphate CRISP  Cholesterol Reduction in Seniors CRPA  C-reactive protein antiserum Program; Computer Retrieval of Information CRPC  castration-resistant prostate cancer on Scientific Projects; Consortium Research CRPD  chronic restrictive pulmonary disease in Systems Performance; Consortium Re- CRPF  chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium search on Indicators of System Performance falciparum; closed reduction and percuta- Crit, crit  critical; hematocrit neous fixation; contralateral renal plasma  CRIYFS  Cardiovascular Risk in Young flow Finns Study CRPG  central respiratory pattern generator CRKL  v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene CRPS  complex regional pain syndrome homologue CRPV  cottontail rabbit papillomavirus; CRL  cell repository line; central right lung; crowpox virus Certified Record Librarian; clinical reason- CRQ-M  Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire ing learning; complement receptor location; Mastery Subscale complement receptor lymphocyte; crown- CRRMP  Committee on Radiation from Ra- rump length dioactive Medicinal Products CRLM  colorectal liver metastases CRRN  Certified Rehabilitation Registered CRM  Certified Reference Materials; coding Nurse recognition module; counting rate meter; CRRT  continuous renal replacement therapy cross-reacting material; crown-rump mea- CrRT  cranial radiotherapy surement; customer relationship manage- CRS  Carroll rating scale for depression; ment catheter-related sepsis; caudal regression CRM+  cross-reacting material–positive syndrome; cervical spine radiography; Chi- CRMO  chronic recurrent multifocal osteo- nese restaurant syndrome; cis-acting repres- myelitis sive sequence; colon and rectum surgery; CR-MVB  Cramer-Rao minimum variance compliance of the respiratory system; con- bound genital rubella syndrome; craniosynostosis; CRN  Certified Radiologic Nurse; comple- cryptidin-related sequence ment requiring neutralization CRS+  respiratory system compliance CRNA  Certified Registered Nurse Anesthe- CRSM  cherry red spot myoclonus tist CRSP  comprehensive renal scintillation pro- CRNF  chronic rheumatoid nodular fibrositis cedure CRNFA  Certified Registered Nurse First CRS-R  Coma Recovery Scale-Revised Assistant CRST  calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, CRNI  Certified Registered Nurse Infusion sclerodactyly, telangiectasia [syndrome]; CRNL  Certified Registered Nurse, Long- corrected sinus recovery time term Care CRT  cadaver renal transplantation; calreticu- Cr Nn, cr nn  cranial nerves lin; cardiac resuscitation team; cardiac resyn- CRNO  Certified Registered Nurse in Oph- chronization therapy; cathode-ray tube; thalmalogy central reaction time; certified; Certified  97 Record Techniques; chemoradiation therapy; service; conscious, consciousness; conscious choice reaction time; chromium release test; sedation; conservative surgery; constant complex reaction time; computed renal to- spring; contact sensitivity; continue same; mography; conformal radiation therapy; con- contrast sensitivity; control serum; control formal radiotherapy; copper reduction test; subjects; convalescence, convalescent; coor- corrected; corrected retention time; corti- dinate system; coronary sclerosis; coronary sone-resistant thymocyte; cranial radiation sinus; corpus striatum; corticoid sensitive; therapy corticosteroid; cortico-subcortical; coun- CrT  crista terminalis tershock; crush syndrome; current smoker; crt  hematocrit current strength; Cushing syndrome; cyclic CRT-D  cardiac resynchronization therapy- somatostatin; cycloserine; cyclosporine; cy- defibrillator tology sample CRTM  cartilage matrix protein C4S  chondroitin-4-sulfate CRTP  Consciousness Research and Training C/S  cesarean section; cycles per second Project C&S  calvarium and scalp; conjunctiva and CRTS  Certified Recreational Therapy Spe- sclera; culture and sensitivity cialist Cs  case; cell surface; cyclosporine; static CRTT  Certified Respiratory Therapy Techni- compliance cian Cs  standard clearance; static compliance; CRU  cardiac rehabilitation unit; clinical re- static respiratory compliance search unit cS  centistoke CRUISE  Can Routine Ultrasound Influence cs  catalytic subunit; chromosome; con- Stent Expansion? [study] sciousness CRUSADE  Coronary Reserve Utilization CSA  Cambridge Scientific Abstracts; Cana- for Stent and Angiography: Doppler End- dian Standards Association; canavaninosuc- point [study]; Coronary Revascularization cinic acid; carbonyl salicylamide; cell surface Ultrasound Angioplasty Device [trial] antigen; chemical shift anisotropy; child CRV  Channel catfish reovirus; central reti- sexual abuse; chondroitin sulfate A; chori- nal vein; Cowbone Ridge virus; Nile croco- onic somatomammotropin A; classical simu- dile poxvirus lated annealing; client server architecture; CRVF  congestive right ventricular failure clinical skills assessment; colony-stimulating CRVO  central retinal vein occlusion activity; colony survival array; compressed Cry  crystal spectral array; computerized spectral analy- CRYG  gamma-crystallin gene sis; Controlled Substances Act; cross-section CRYM  mu-crystallin area; cyclosporin A cryo  cryogenic; cryoglobulin; cryoprecipi- CsA  cyclosporin A tate; cryosurgery; cryotherapy CSAA  Child Study Association of America Cryoppt  cryoprecipitate CSAD  corporate services administration de- CRYP  cryptospiridiosis partment crys, cryst  crystal, crystalline CSAT  cell substratum attachment; center for CS  calf serum; campomelic syndrome; substance abuse treatment canalicular system; Capgras syndrome; car- CSAVP  cerebral subarachnoid venous pres- cinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries sure susceptible; carotid sheath; carotid sinus; CSB  contaminated small bowel; craniosyn- cat scratch; celiac sprue; central service; ostosis, Boston type central supply; cerebral scintigraphy; cere- csb  chromosome break brospinal; cervical spine; cervical stimula- CSBF  coronary sinus blood flow tion; cesarean section; chest strap; chief of CSBS  contaminated small bowel syndrome staff; cholesterol stone; cholesterol sulfate; CSC  blow on blow [Fr. coup sur coup]; chondroitin sulfate; chorionic somatomam- chondroitin sulfate C; cigarette smoke con- motropin; chronic schizophrenia; cigarette densate; collagen sponge contraceptive;  smoke; cigarette smoker; circumsporozo- corticostriatocerebellar; cryogenic storage ite; citrate synthase; climacteric syndrome; container; cytokine-secreting cell clinical laboratory scientist; clinical stage; CSCC  circuits, systems, communications, clinical status; clinic scheduling; Cock- and computers; cross-sectional case control; ayne syndrome; Cogan syndrome; complete cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma stroke; compression syndrome; concentrated CSCD  Center for Sickle Cell Disease strength; conditioned stimulus; congenital CSCE  Committee on Scientific Conduct and syphilis; conjunctival secretion; connection Ethics  98 CSCHDS  Caerphilly and Speedwell Collab- csg  chromosome gap orative Heart Disease Studies CSGBI  Cardiac Society of Great Britain and CSCI  corticosterone side-chain isomerase Ireland CSCL  computer-supported collaborative CSGBM  collagenase soluble glomerular learning basement membrane CSCR  Central Society for Clinical Research CSGE  conformational sensitive gel electro- CSCV  critical serum chemistry value phoresis CSCW  computer-supported collaborative CSGTEI  Collaborative Study Group Trial on work the Effect of Irbesartan CSD  cardiac support device; carotid sinus CSH  carotid sinus hypersensitivity; chronic denervation; cat scratch disease; collimator- subdural hematoma; combat support hospi- skin distance; combined-system disease; tal; cortical stromal hyperplasia computerized severity index; conditionally CSHA  Canadian Study of Health and Aging streptomycin dependent; conduction system CSHCN  children with special health care disease; cortical spreading depression; cra- needs niospinal defect; critical stimulus duration CSHE  California Society for Healthcare En- CSDB  cat scratch disease bacillus gineering CSDH  chronic subdural hematoma CSHH  congenital self-healing histiocytosis CSDMS  Canadian Society of Diagnostic CSHL  Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Medical Sonographers CSHN  children with special health needs CSE  cardiac source of embolus; clinical- CSHS  Canadian Smoking Health Survey symptom/self-evaluation; common standards CSI  calculus surface index; cancer serum for quantitative electrocardiography; cone- index; cavernous sinus infiltration; cervical shaped epiphysis; conventional spin-echo; spine injury; chemical safety inspection; cross-sectional echocardiography chemical shift imaging; chemical surety in- C sect, C-section  cesarean section spection; cholesterol saturation index; com- CSEP  clinical sepsis; conducted somatosen- puterized severity of illness [index]; sory evoked potential; cortical somatosen- continuous subcutaneous infusion; coronary sory evoked potential sinus intervention; craniospinal irradiation CSEPP  chemical stockpile emergency pre- CSICU  cardiac surgical intensive care unit paredness program CSI-D  Community Screening Instrument for CSER  cortical somatosensory evoked re- Dementia sponse CSIF  cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor CSERIAC  Crew System Ergonomics Infor- CSII  continuous subcutaneous insulin infu- mation Analysis Center sion CSES  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Dis- CSIIP  continuous subcutaneous insulin infu- ease [COPD] Self-Efficacy Scale sion pump CSF  cancer family syndrome; cerebrospinal CSIN  Chemical Substances Information fluid; cold stability factor; colony-stimulating Network factor; coronary sinus flow; critical success CSIRO  Commonwealth Scientific and In- factor dustrial Research Organisation CS-F  colony-stimulating factor CSIS  clinical supplies and inventory system CSFH  cerebrospinal fluid hypotension CS IV  clinical stage 4 CSFII  Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by CsIV  Campoletis sonorensis ichnovirus Individuals CSL  cardiolipin synthetic lecithin; cortico- CSF-IR  colony-stimulating factor I receptor steroid liposome CSFP  cerebrospinal fluid pressure; coronary CSLM  confocal scanning laser microscopy slow-flow phenomenon cSLO  confocal scanning laser ophthalmo- CSFQ  Changes in Sexual Functioning scope Questionnaire CSLP  cervical spine locking plate CSFR  colony-stimulating factor receptor CSLT  Canadian Society of Laboratory Tech- CSFV  cerebrospinal fluid volume; classic nology swine fever virus CSLU  chronic stasis leg ulcer CSF-WR  cerebrospinal fluid Wassermann CSM  cardiosynchronous myostimulator; reaction care systems management; carotid sinus mas- CSG  cell surface glycoprotein; central sage; cerebrospinal meningitis; circulation, sympathetic generator; cholecystogram, cho- sensation, motion; Committee on Safety of lecystography; clinical study group; collab- Medicines; confined space medicine; Con- orative study group solidated Standards Manual; corn-soy milk  99 CSMA  chronic spinal muscular atrophy CspIV  Campoletis sp. ichnovirus CSMA/CD  carrier sense multiple access CSPR  cell-specific perfusion rate and collision detection CSPS  continual skin-peeling syndrome CSMAP  celiac–superior mesenteric artery CSpT  corticospinal tract portography CSQ  Coping Strategies Questionnaire C-SMART  Cardiomyoplasty-Skeletal Mus- CSR  Center for Scientific Review; central cle Assist Randomized Trial supply room; chart-stimulated recall [test]; CSMB  Center for the Study of Multiple Cheyne-Stokes respiration; continued stay Birth review; continuous speech recognition; cor- CSMLS  Canadian Society for Medical Lab- rected sedimentation rate; corrected survival oratory Science rate; cortisol secretion rate; cumulative sur- CSMMG  Chartered Society of Massage and vival rate Medical Gymnastics CSRA  cardio-surgical recovery area CSMP  chloramphenicol-sensitive micro- CSRM  case-specific reference model somal protein CSRP  cysteine-rich protein CSMSS  Collaborative Social and Medical CSRS  cardiac surgery reporting system Services System CSRT  Canadian Society of Respiratory CSMT  chorionic somatomammotropin Technology; Canadian Society of Respira- CSN  cardiac sympathetic nerve; carotid tory Therapists; continuous speech recogni- sinus nerve; Chemical Safety Newsbase; cy- tion technology closerine CSS  Canadian Stroke Scale; Cancer Surveil- CSNA  congenital sensory neuropathy with lance System; carotid sinus stimulation; carotid anhidrosis [syndrome] sinus syndrome; cavernous sinus syndrome; CSNB  congenital stationary night blindness central sterile section; central sterile supply; CS(NCA)  Clinical Laboratory Scientist cer- chewing, sucking, swallowing; chronic sub- tified by the National Certification Agency clinical scurvy; Churg-Strauss syndrome; client for Medical Laboratory Personnel satisfaction scale; clinical support system; Co- CSNDB  Cell Signaling Network Database penhagen Stroke Study; cranial sector scan; CSNK  casein kinase critical care system CSNRT, cSNRT  corrected sinus node re- Css  [plasma] concentration at steady state covery time CSSA  Carotid Stent-Supported Angioplasty CSNS  carotid sinus nerve stimulation [trial] CSNU  cystinuria CSSAE  Communication Skills Self- CSO  claims services only; common source Assessment Exam outbreak; craniostenosis; craniosynostosis; CSSCD  Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell ostium of coronary sinus Disease CSOM  chronic suppurative otitis media CSSD  central sterile supply department CSOP  coronary sinus occlusion pressure CSSRD  Cooperative Systematic Study of CSP  carotid sinus pressure; cavum septi pel- Rheumatic Diseases lucidi; cell surface protein; central silent pe- CSSSI  complicated skin and skin structure riod; cerebrospinal protein; Chartered Society infections of Physiotherapy; chemistry screening panel; CSSU  central sterile supply unit chondroitin sulfate protein; circumsporozoite CST  cardiac stress test; cardiovascular self- protein; complications screening program; assessment tool; cavernous sinus thrombosis; Cooperative Statistical Program; criminal certified surgical technologist; chemostatin; sexual psychopath; cutaneous silent period; Christ-Siemens-Touraine [syndrome]; com- cyclosporin; cytosarcoma phyllodes pliance, static; computer scatter tomogra- Csp  cervical spine phy; contraction stress test; conversational CSPAMM  complementary spatial modula- speech task; convulsive shock therapy; cor- tion of magnetization [imaging] ticospinal tract; cosyntropin stimulation test;  CSPG  chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan cystatin CSPI  Center for Science in the Public Inter- cSt  centistoke est; certified specialist in poison information Cst, Cstat  static compliance CSPINE  corticosteroid use, seropositive CSTB  Computer Science and Telecommuni- rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral joint destruc- cations Board tion, involvement of cervical nerves, nodules CSTD  chronic single tic disorder (rheumatoid), established disease [mne­ CSTE  Council of State and Territorial Epide- monic] miologists C-spine  cervical spine CstF  cleavage stimulation factor  100 CSTI  Clearinghouse for Scientific and Tech- arthropathy; cyanotrimethyl-androsterone; nical Information cystine-trypticase agar; cytoplasmic tubular CSTM  cervical prevertebral soft tissue mea- aggregate; cytotoxic assay surement CTAB  cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide c-STM  cervical specimen transport medium CTAC  Cancer Treatment Advisory Commit- CSTP  Committee for Scientific and Techno- tee logical Policy CTAF  Canadian Trial of Atrial Fibrillation; Cst,rs  static compliance of respiratory sys- conotruncal anomaly face [syndrome] tem CTAFS  conotruncal anomaly face syndrome CSTT  cold-stimulation time test cTAL  cortical thick ascending limb CSU  cardiac surgery unit; casualty staging CTAP  computed tomography in arterial por- unit; catheter specimen of urine; central sta- tography; connective tissue activating pep- tistical unit; clinical specialty unit tide CSUF  continuous slow ultrafiltration CTAT  computed transaxial tomography CSV  chick syncytial virus CTB  ceased to breathe; cholera toxin B CSVT  central splanchnic venous thrombosis ctb  chromated break CSW  Certified Social Worker; commercial CTC  chlortetracycline; circulating tumor sex worker; current sleepwalker cells; Clinical Trial Certificate; Common CSWG  Clinical Systems Working Group Toxicity Criteria; computed tomographic  CSWSS  continuous spike waves of slow colography; computed tomography-based sleep virtual colonoscopy; computer-aided tomo- CT  calcitonin; calf testis; carboxyl terminal; graphic cisternography; consent to continue; cardiac tamponade; cardiothoracic [ratio]; cultured T cells carnitine transporter; carotid tracing; carpal CTCL  cutaneous T-cell lymphoma tunnel; cell therapy; cerebral thrombosis; ce- ctCO2  carbon dioxide concentration rebral tumor; cervical traction; cervicotho- CTD  carboxy-terminal domain; chest tube racic; chemotaxis; chemotherapy; chest tube; drainage; carpal tunnel decompression; con- chicken tumor; Chlamydia trachomatis; genital thymic dysplasia; connective tissue chlorothiazide; cholera toxin; cholesterol, disease; cumulative trauma disorder total; chordae tendineae; chronic thyroiditis; CT&DB  cough, turn, and deep breathe chymotrypsin; circulation time; classic tech- CTDI  computed tomography dose index nique; clinical trial; closed thoracotomy; ctDNA  chloroplast deoxyribonucleic acid clotting time; coagulation time; coated tablet; CTE  calf thymus extract; chronic traumatic cobra toxin; cognitive therapy; coil test; col- encephalopathy; cultured thymic epithelium lecting tubule; colon, transverse; combined CTEM  conventional transmission electron tumor; compressed tablet; computed tomog- microscopy raphy; connective tissue; continue treatment; CTEP  Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program continuous-flow tube; contraceptive tech- CTEV  Camptochironomus tentans entomo- nique; contraction time; controlled tempera- poxvirus ture; Coombs test; corneal transplant; CTF  cancer therapy facility; certificate; Col- coronary thrombosis; corrected transposi- orado tick fever; contrast transfer function; tion; corrective therapy; cortical thickness; cytotoxic factor corticospinal tract; cough threshold; crest ctf  certificate time; crista terminalis; cystine-tellurite; cyto- CTFE  chlorotrifluoroethylene technologist; cytotoxic therapy; unit of at- CTFS  complete testicular feminization syn- tenuation drome C/T  compression/traction ratio CTFV  Colorado tick fever virus C&T  color and temperature CTG  cardiotocography; cervicothoracic gan- CT  total compliance glion; chymotrypsinogen; control technique CT-1824  T-1824 (Evans blue) clearance guidelines Ct  carboxyl terminal; concentration C/TG  cholesterol/triglyceride ratio ct  carat; chromatid; count ctg  centigray; chromated gap CTA  Canadian Tuberculosis Association; CTGA  complete transposition of great arteries center for total access; chemotactic activity; CTGF  connective tissue growth factor chromotropic acid; Committee on Throm- CTGFN  Convergent Terminology Group for bolytic Agents; computed tomography of Nursing the abdomen; computed tomographic an- CTH  ceramide trihexoside; chronic tension giography; congenital trigeminal anesthe- headache; computer-assisted tomographic sia; cosmetic tissue augmentation; cuff tear holography; cystathionase  101 CTh  carrier-specific T-helper [cell] ctr  central; center; centric CTh  thoracic compliance CTRB  chymotrypsinogen B CTHA  computed tomographic hepatic angi- CTRD  Cardiac Transplant Research Data- ography base CTHD  chlorthalidone; conotruncal heart de- CTRL  chymotrypsin-like [protease] fect CTRN  Certified Transport Registered Nurse CTI  cardiac troponin I; coffee table injury; CTRS  certified therapeutic recreation spe- computers in teaching initiatives; computer- cialist telephony integration CTRX  ceftriaxone CTIBL  castration treatment–induced bone CTS  cardiothoracic surgery; cardiotonic loss steroids; carpal tunnel syndrome; clinical tri- CTL  cervicothoracolumbar; computational als support [program]; Collaborative Trans- tree logic; control; cytolytic T lymphocyte; plant Study; composite treatment score; cytotoxic T lymphocyte computed tomographic scan; conflict tactics CTLA  cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen scales; contralateral threshold shift; cortico- CTLL  cytotoxic lymphoid line steroid CTLp  cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor CTSB  cathepsin B CTLSO  cervicothoracolumbosacral orthosis CTSD  cathepsin D CTM  calibration of test material; cardiota- CTSE  cathepsin E chometer; central tendency measure; CTSG  cathepsin G Chlortrimeton; computed tomographic my- CTSH  cathepsin H elography; cricothyroid membrane; cricothy- CTSI  computed tomography severity index roid muscle CTSL  cathepsin L CTMC  connective tissue mast cell CTSNFR  corrected time of sinoatrial node CTMM  computed tomographic metrizamide function recovery myelography CTSP  Cooperative Triglyceride Standard- CTMM-SF  California Test of Mental ization Program Maturity-Short Form CTSPC  Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent-Child CTMR  clinical treatment and medical re- Version search CTSS  cathepsin S; closed tracheal suction CT/MRI  computed tomography/magnetic system resonance imaging CTT  cefotetan; central tegmental tract; cen- CTN  calcitonin; Certified Transcultural tral transmission time; classic test theory; Nurse; clinical trials notification; computer colonic transit time; compressed tablet tritu- tomography number; continuous noise rate; computed transaxial tomography; criti- cTn  cardiac troponin cal tracking time cTn-I  cardiac troponin I CTTAC  clinical trials and treatment advisory cTNM  clinical classification of primary committee tumors, regional nodes, and metastases CTU  cardiac-thoracic unit; centigrade ther- CTO  cervicothoracic orthosis; chronic total mal unit; constitutive transcription unit occlusion CTV  cervical and thoracic vertebrae; clinical CTOPP  Canadian Trial of Physiological target volume; clinical tumor volume Pacing CTVDR  conformal treatment verification, CTP  California Test of Personality; Child- delivery, and recording Turcotte-Pugh [classification]; citrate trans- CTW  central terminal of Wilson; combined port protein; clinical terms project; composite testicular weight theoretic performance; comprehensive treat- CTX  cefotaxime; ceftriaxone; cerebrotendi- ment plan; cytidine triphosphate; cytosine nous xanthomatosis; chemotaxis; ciguatoxin; triphosphate clinical trials exemption scheme; costotendi- C-TPN  cyclic total parenteral nutrition nous xanthomatosis; cytoxan CTPP  cerebral tissue perfusion pressure CTx  cardiac transplantation; conotoxin CTPVO  chronic thrombotic pulmonary vas- CTZ  cetirizine; chemoreceptor trigger zone; cular obstruction chlorothiazide CTQ  Child Trauma Questionnaire CU  cardiac unit; casein unit; cause undeter- CTQ-SF  Childhood Trauma Questionnaire- mined; cause unknown; chymotrypsin unit; Short Form clinical unit; color unit; contact urticaria; CTR  cardiothoracic ratio; carpal tunnel re- convalescent unit lease; central tumor registry; click-through Cu  urea clearance rate; Connecticut Tumor Registry cu  cubic  102 CUA  Certified Urologic Associate; cost- Chlorella virus; chlorosis virus; chorionic utility analysis villi; circovirus; closing volume; clump CUAVD  congenital unilateral absence of virus; coefficient of variation [statistics]; vas deferens color vision; concentrated volume; conduct- CuB  copper band ing vein; conduction velocity; conjugata CUBA  Cutting Balloon vs. Conventional vera; contrast ventriculography; convention- Balloon Angioplasty [study] al ventilation; corpuscular volume; costover- CUC  chronic ulcerative colitis tebral; cresyl violet; cross validation; cryptic cu cm  cubic centimeter virus; crystal violet; cultivar; cutaneous vas- CUCNS  Certified Urologic Clinical Nurse culitis; cyclic voltamogram; cyclic voltome- Specialist try; fifth cranial nerve CUD  cause undetermined; congenital uri- C/V  coulomb per volt nary deformity Cv  specific heat at constant volume CuD  copper deficiency Cv  coefficient of variation; constant volume CUE  confidential unit exclusion; cumulative cv  coefficient of variability; cultivar urinary excretion CVA  cardiovascular accident; cerebrovas- CUG  Computer-Stored Ambulatory Record cular accident; Certified Vascular Nurse; User’s Group; cystidine, uridine, and gua- chronic villous arthritis; common variable nidine; cystourethrogram, cystourethrogra- agammaglobulinemia; costovertebral angle; phy cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and Adriam- CUI  character-based interface; concept ycin unique identifier; Cox-Uphoff International CV-A1 to A22  human coronaviruses A1 to [tissue expander] A22 cu in  cubic inch CVAH  congenital virilizing adrenal hyper- cult  culture plasia cum  cumulative CVAP  cerebrovascular amyloid peptide cu m  cubic meter CVAT  costovertebral angle tenderness CUMITECH  Cumulative Techniques and CVB  chorionic villi biopsy Procedures in Clinical Microbiology CV B1 to B6  human coxsackieviruses B1 cu mm  cubic millimeter to B6 CUNP  Certified Urologic Nurse Practitio- CVBS  congenital vascular bone syndrome ner CVC  calcifying vascular cell; central venous CUP  carcinoma unknown primary catheter CUR  cystourethrorectal CV cath  central venous catheter cur  curative, cure; current CVCT  cardiovascular computed tomography CURE  Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to CVD  cardiovascular disease; Center for Vac- Prevent Recurrent Ischemic Events [trial]; cine Development; chemical vapor deposi- Columbia University Restenosis Elimination tion; chronic venous disease; collagen [trial] vascular disease; color-vision deviant; com- CURL  compartment of uncoupling of recep- mon variable immunodeficiency; congenital tors and ligands vascular disorder CURN  Certified Urologic Registered Nurse; CVELTP  Comox Valley Electronic Lab Conduct and Utilization of Research in Nurs- Transfer Project ing CVF  cardiovascular failure; central visual CurrMIT  Curriculum Management and In- field; cervicovaginal fluid; cobra venom fac- formation Tool tor CUS  carotid ultrasound examination; cathe- CVFn  cardiovascular function terized urine specimen; contact urticaria syn- CVFS  computerized visual feedback sys- drome tem CuS  copper supplement CVG  composite valve graft; contrast ven- CUSA  Cavitron ultrasonic aspirator triculography; coronary venous graft; cutis CUSSN  computer use in social service net- verticis gyrata work CVG/MR  cutis verticis gyrata/mental retar- CuTS  cubital tunnel syndrome dation [syndrome] CV  calicivirus; canker virus; cardiac vol- CVGV  Csiro Village virus ume; cardiovascular; care vigilance; carot- CVH  cerebroventricular hemorrhage; cervi- enoid vesicle; cell viability; cell volume; covaginal hood; chronic viral hepatitis; com- central venous; cephalic vein; cerebrovascu- bined ventricular hypertrophy; common lar; cervical vertebra; Chikungunya virus; variable hypogammaglobulinemia  103 cVDPV  circulating vaccine-derived poliovi- CVST  cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; rus computerized visual search task CVHD  chronic valvular heart disease CVST-T  Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis CvHV  cervid herpesvirus Trial CVI  cardiovascular incident; cardiovascular CVT  cardiovascular technologist; central ve- insufficiency; cerebrovascular incident; cere- nous temperature; cerebral venous thrombo- brovascular insufficiency; Children’s Vac- sis; congenital vertical talus cine Initiative; chronic venous insufficiency; CVTR  charcoal viral transport medium common variable immunodeficiency; content CVU  chronic venous ulceration validity index; sixth cranial nerve CVV  Cache Valley virus; ceratitis V virus CVICU  cardiovascular intensive care unit CVVH  continuous venovenous hemofiltra- CVID  common variable immunodeficiency tion CVII  seventh cranial nerve CVVHD  continuous venovenous hemodial- CVIII  eighth cranial nerve ysis CVIS  cardiovascular imaging system CVVHDF  continuous venovenous hemodia- CVK  computerized videokeratography filtration CVL  central venous line CVX  code for vaccines administered CVLM  caudal ventrolateral medulla; caudo- CW  cardiac work; case work; cell wall; ventrolateral medulla chemical warfare; chemical weapon; chest CVLP  chimeric viruslike particle wall; children’s ward; clinical workbench; CVLT  California Verbal Learning Test; clini- clockwise; continuous wave; crutch walking cal vascular laboratory Cw  crutch walking CVM  cardiovascular monitor; Center for C/W  compare with; consistent with Veterinary Medicine; cerebral venous malfor- CWA  cognitive work analysis mation; congenital vascular malformation; CWBTS  capillary whole blood true sugar contingent valuation method; cyclophospha- CWC  Chemical Weapons Convention; chest mide, vincristine, and methotrexate wall compliance CVMP  Committee on Veterans Medical CWCN  Certified Wound Care Nurse Problems CWD  cell wall defect; Choi-Williams distri- CVO  central vein occlusion; central venous bution; continuous-wave Doppler oxygen; chief veterinary officer; circumven- CWDF  cell wall–deficient form tricular organ; credentialing verification or- CWD/NAF  cell wall–deficient, non–acid ganization fast [Mycobacterium tuberculosis] CVO2  central venous oxygen content; cen- CWEQ  Conditions of Work Effectiveness tral venous oxygen saturation Questionnaire CVOD  cerebrovascular obstructive disease CWF  Cornell Word Form CVP  cardioventricular pacing; cell volume CWG  Communications Working Group profile; central venous pressure; chlorfenvin- CWH  cardiomyopathy and wooly hair-coat phos; cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and [syndrome] prednisone CWHB  citrated whole human blood cvPO2, cvPO2  cerebral venous partial pres- CWI  cardiac work index sure of oxygen CWIS  campus-wide information system CVPR  computer vision and pattern recogni- CWISH  Council of Women’s and Infants’ tion Specialty Hospitals CVR  cardiovascular-renal; cardiovascular- CWL  cutaneous water loss respiratory; cephalic vasomotor response; CWM  cardiologic workspace manager cerebrovascular resistance CWMS  color, warmth, movement, sensation CVRD  cardiovascular-renal disease CWOCN  Certified Wound, Ostomy, Conti- CVRMED  computer vision, virtual reality, nence Nurse and robotics in medicine CWOP  childbirth without pain CVRR  cardiovascular recovery room CWP  childbirth without pain; coal worker’s CVRS  cardiovascular and respiratory ele- pneumoconiosis ments of trauma score CWPEA  Childbirth Without Pain Education CVS  cardiovascular surgery; cardiovascular Association system; challenge virus strain; chorionic villi CWR  chest wall recurrence sampling; clean voided specimen; coronavi- CWRUNET  Case Western Reserve Univer- rus susceptibility; current vital signs sity Network CVSMC  cultured vascular smooth muscle CWS  cell wall skeleton; Chemical Warfare cells Service; chest wall stimulation; child welfare  104 service; children’s clinical workstation; clini- Cyclo C  cyclocytidine hydrochloride cian’s workstation; cold water soluble; cotton CYCLOPS  cyclically ordered phase se- wool spots quence; Cyclophosphamide in Systemic Vas- CWT  circuit weight training; cold water culitis treatment; continuous wavelet transform Cyd  cytidine Cwt, cwt  hundredweight CYE  charcoal yeast extract [agar] CWV  Cape Wrath virus CYH  chymase CWW  clinic without walls CyHV  cyprinid herpesvirus CWXSP  Coal Workers’ X-ray Surveillance CYL  casein yeast lactate Program cyl  cylinder; cylindrical lens CX  cervix; chest x-ray; connexin; critical CYM  chymase, mast cell experiment; phosgene oxime; tenth cranial CYMP  chymosin, pseudogene nerve CYN  cyanide Cx  cervix; circumflex; clearance; com- CYP  cyclophilin; cyproheptadine; cyto- plaint; complex; connexin; convex chrome P cx  cervix; complex; connexin; culture; cyl- CYPA  cyclophilin A inder axis CYPC  cyclophilin C CXB3S  Coxsackie B3 virus susceptibility CypCV  Cypripedium calceolus virus CxCor  circumflex coronary [artery] CYPH  cyclophilin CXEV  Chorizagrotis auxiliaris entomopox- CYS  cystoscopy virus Cys  cyclosporine; cysteine CXI  eleventh cranial nerve Cys-Cys  cystine CXII  twelfth cranial nerve CysLT1  cysteinyl leukotriene 1 CXMD  canine X-linked muscular dystrophy CySNO  nitrosated L-cysteine CXR, CxR  chest x-ray CYSTO  cystogram CY  casein-yeast autolysate [medium]; cy- cysto  cystoscopy clophosphamide CYT  cytochrome Cy  cyanogen; cyclophosphamide; cyst; cy- Cyt  cytolytic tarabine Cyt  cytoplasm; cytosine cy  cyanosis cyt  cytochrome; cytologic, cytology; cyto- Cy3  cyanine 3 plasm; cytosine Cy5  cyanine 5 Cyto  cytotechnologist cyan  cyanosis cytol  cytologiv, cytology CyA  cyclosporine A CY-VA-DIC  cyclophosphamide, vincris- CYBOCS  Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive tine, Adriamycin, and dacarbazine Compulsive Scale CZ  carzinophilin; cefazolin CYC  cyclophosphamide; cytochrome C Cz  central midline placement of electrodes cyc  cyclazocine; cycle; cyclotron [EEG] CYCAZAREM  Cyclophosphamide vs. Aza- CZB  Catot-Ziomek-Bavister [medium] thioprine during Remission of Systemic Vas- CZE  capillary zone electrophoresis culitis [trial] CZI  crystalline zinc insulin CYCLO, Cyclo  cyclophosphamide; cyclo- Czn  zinc clearance propane CZP  clonazepam  105 d   mean difference of samples observations D DA  dark adaptation; dark agouti [rat]; dau- nomycin; decision analysis; decontaminating agent; degenerative arthritis; degree of an- isotropy; delayed action; dental assistant; deoxyadenosine; descending aneurysm; de- scending aorta; detrusor areflexia; develop- mental age; dextroamphetamine; diabetic D  absorbed dose aspartic acid; cholecalcif- acidosis; differential amplifier; differential erol; coefficient of diffusion; dacryon; dal- analyzer; differentiation antigen; digital an- ton; date; daughter; day; dead; dead air giography; digital to analog; diphenylchlor- space; debye; deceased; deciduous; decimal arsine; Diploma in Anesthetics; direct reduction time; degree; density; dental; de- agglutination; disability assistance; disaggre- pendent; dermatologic, dermatologist, der- gated; discriminant analysis; dissecting aneu- matology; deuterium; deuteron; development; rysm; distal arthrogryposis; dopamine; drug deviation; dextro; dextrose; diabetic; diagno- addict/addiction; drug administration; ductus sis; diagonal; diameter; diaphorase; diarrhea; arteriosus diastole; diathermy; died; difference; diffus- D-A  donor-acceptor ing, diffusion; diffusion coefficient; dihy- D/A  date of accident; date of admission; drouridine; dilution; diopter; diplomate; digital to analog; discharge and advise dipyridamole; disease; dispense; displace- D&A  dilation and aspiration; drugs and al- ment; distal; distance; diuresis; diurnal; di- lergy vergence; diversity; diverticulum; divorced; DA1  distal arthrogryposis type 1 doctor; dog; donor; dorsal; double; drive; DA2  distal arthrogryposis type 2 drug; dual; duct; duodenal, duodenum; dura- 2,4-DA  2,4-diaminoanisole tion; dwarf; electric displacement; mean Da  dalton dose; right [Lat. dexter]; unit of vitamin D d(A)  primary donor potency da  daughter; day; deca- Δ  uppercase Greek letter delta da-  deka- [101] 1D, 1-D  one-dimensional DAA  decompensated autonomous adeno- D1  prostatic tumor with microscopic in- ma; dementia associated with alcoholism; volvement of pelvic lymph nodes dialysis-associated amyloidosis; diaminoan- D1  diagonal one; first dorsal vertebra isole 2D, 2-D  two-dimensional DAAF  deoxyribonucleic acid amplification 2D FTICR-MS two-dimensional Fourier fingerprinting; Digoxin in Acute Atrial Fi- transform ion cyclotron resonance mass brillation [study] spectrometry DAAO  diaminoacid oxidase D2  diagonal two; second dorsal vertebra D(A-a)O2  alveolar arterial oxygen gradi- 2,4-D  2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ent 3D, 3-D  three-dimensional DAB  3,3′-diaminobenzidine; days after D/3  distal third birth; dysrhythmic aggressive behavior D3–12  third to twelfth dorsal vertebrae DABA  2,4-diaminobutyric acid 4D, 4-D  four-dimensional DABP  D-site albumin promoter binding D4  domain 4; fourth digit protein D10  decimal reduction time DABV  Dabakala virus D50  50% dextrose solution DAC  derived air concentration; digital ac- D   mean dose quisition; digital-to-analog converter; disas- d  atomic orbital with angular momentum ter assistance center; division of ambulatory quantum number 2; dalton; day; dead; de- care ceased; deci-; decrease, decreased; degree; dac  dacryon density; deoxy; deoxyribose; dextro-; dextro- DACCM  department of anesthesiology and rotatory; diameter; diastasis; died; diopter; critical care medicine distal; distance; diurnal; dorsal; dose; doubt- DACL  Depression Adjective Check List ful; duration; dyne; right [Lat. dexter] DACM  N-(7-diamethylamino-4-methyl-3- δ  lowercase Greek letter delta; immunoglob- coumarinyl) maleimide ulin D DACMD  deputy associate chief medical di- d-  deci- [10−1] rector 1/d  once a day DACS  data acquisition and control system 2/d  twice a day DACT  dactinomycin; daily activity  106 DAD  delayed afterdepolarization; diffuse DAMET  Diet and Moderate Exercise Trial alveolar damage; Disability Assessment in DAMOS  drug application methodology Dementia; discharge abstract databank; dis- with optical storage pense as directed dAMP  deoxyadenosine monophosphate; DADA  dichloroacetic acid diisopropylam- deoxyadenylate adenosine monophosphate monium salt DAN  data acquisition in neurophysiology; DADDS  diacetyldiaminodiphenylsulfone diabetic autonomic neuropathy; diamino­ DADS  Director of Army Dental Service naphthalene DAdV  duck adenovirus DANAMI  Danish Multicenter Study of DAdV-1  egg drop syndrome virus Acute Myocardial Infarction DAE  differential algebraic equation; diphe- DANB  Dental Assisting National Board nylanthracene endoperoxide; diving air em- DANC  decontaminating agent, noncorro- bolism; dysbaric air embolism sive DA/ES  data analysis expert system D and C  dilation and curettage DAEV  Dermolepida albohirtum entomo- DANS   1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5- poxvirus sulfonyl chloride DAF  decay-accelerating factor; delayed au- DANTE  delays altered with nutation for tai- ditory feedback; drug-adulterated food lored excitation DAFV  Desulfurolobus virus DAO  diamine oxidase DAG  diacylglycerol; dianhydrogalactitol; DAo  descending aorta directed acyclic graph; dystrophin-associated DAOM  depressor anguli oris muscle glycoprotein DAP  data acquisition processor; data archi- DAGK  diacylglycerol kinase tecture project; depolarizing afterpotential; DAGL  diacylglycerol lipase diabetes-associated peptide; diaminopimelic DAGT  direct antiglobulin test acid; diaminopyridine; diastolic aortic pres- DAGV  D’Aguilar virus sure; diastolic arterial pressure; dihydroxyac- DAH  diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; disor- etone phosphate; dipeptidylaminopeptidase; dered action of the heart direct latex agglutination pregnancy [test]; DAHEA  Department of Allied Health Edu- dose area product; Draw-a-Person [test]; cation and Accreditation Drug Action Programme; Duke Autoimmu- DAHM  Division of Allied Health Man­ nity in Pregnancy [registry] power D-AP5  D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid DAI  diffuse axonal injury; drug attitude in- D-AP7  D-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic ventory acid DAIDS  Division of Acquired Immunodefi- DAP&E  Diploma of Applied Parasitology ciency Syndrome and Entomology DAIS  Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention DAPI  4,6-diamino-2-phenylindole Study DAPPAF  Dual-Site Atrial Pacing for Pre- DAISY  Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the vention of Atrial Fibrillation [trial] Young DAPRE  daily adjustable progressive resis- DAIT  Division of Allergy, Immunology, and tive exercise Transplantation DAPRU  Drug Abuse Prevention Resource DaIV  Diadegma acronyctae ichnovirus Unit Dal, dal  dalton DAPs  Database Access Project DALA  delta-aminolevulinic acid DAPT  diaminophenylthiazole; direct agglu- DALE  disability-adjusted life expectancy; tination pregnancy test Drug Abuse Law Enforcement DAQ  data acquisition; Diagnostic Assess- DALM  dysplasia with associated lesion or ment Questionnaire; digital acquisition mass DAR  daily activity record; daily effective DALT  dalton rhythm; death after resuscitation; diacereine; DALY  disability-adjusted life-year differential absorption ratio; dual asthmatic DAM  data-associated message; database ac- reaction cess module; degraded amyloid; diacetyl DA-R  dopamine receptor monoxime; diacetylmorphine DARE  Database of Abstracts of Reviews of dam  decameter Effectiveness; Drug Abuse Resistance Edu- DAMA  discharged against medical advice cation DAMAD  Diabetic Microangiopathy Modi- DARP  drug abuse rehabilitation program fication with Aspirin vs. Dipyridamole DARPA  Defense Advanced Research Proj- [study] ect Agency  107 DART  Developmental and Reproductive DAW  digital audio workcenter; dispense as Toxicology; Diet and Reinfarction Trial; Di- written lation vs. Ablation Revascularization Trial DAWN  Drug Abuse Warning Network D/ART  Depression Awareness, Recogni- DAZ  deleted in azoospermia tion, and Treatment DB  database; date of birth; deep breath; DARTS  Diabetes Audit and Research in dense body; dextran blue; diabetes, diabetic; Tayside, Scotland; Drug and Alcohol Reha- diagonal band; diet beverage; direct biliru- bilitation Testing System bin; disability; distobuccal; double blind; DAS  data acquisition system; dead air double buffer; duodenal bulb; Dutch belted space; Death Anxiety Scale; delayed anovu- [rabbit] latory syndrome; dextroamphetamine sul- Db  diabetes, diabetic fate; 4,15-diacetoxyscripenol; diallyl sulfide; Db  database; body density Dietary Alternatives Study; digital angiogra- dB, db  decibel phy segmentation; disability assessment db  database; date of birth; diabetes, diabetic scale; double addition of serum; Dyadic Ad- DBA  database administrator; Diamond- justment Scale Blackfan anemia; dibenzanthracene; Doli- DASA  distal articular set angle chos biflorus agglutinin DASD  direct access storage device DBAE  dihydroxyborylaminoethyl DASH  Delay in Accessing Stroke Health- DBB  diagonal band of Broca care [trial]; Dietary Approaches to Stop Hy- DBC  dibencozide; distal balloon catheter; pertension [trial]; Distress Alarm for the dye-binding capacity Severely Handicapped DB&C  deep breathing and coughing DASI  Duke activity status index DBCL  dilute blood clot lysis DASM  data acquisition system management DBCP  dibromochloropropane DASS  Dilazep Aspirin Stroke Study DBD  definite brain damage; deoxyribonu- DAST  diethylaminosulfur trifluoride; drug cleic acid–binding domain; dibromodulcitol; abuse screening test; drug and alcohol dynamic beam delivery screening test DBDC  distal bile duct carcinoma DAstV  duck astrovirus DBDG  distobuccal developmental groove DAT  delayed-action tablet; dementia, Al- DBDO  decabromodiphenyl oxide; desert zheimer type; dental aptitude test; di- battle dress overgarment acetylthiamine; diet as tolerated; differential DBDS  database definition structure agglutination titer; Differential Aptitude DB/DS  database of datasets Tests; diphtheria antitoxin; direct agglutina- dB/dt  change of magnetic flux with time tion test; direct antiglobulin test; disaster  DBE  deep breathing exercise; dibromoeth- action team; divided attention; dopamine ane; double-balloon enteroscopy transporter DbE  dobutamine echocardiography DATA  Diltiazem as Adjunctive Therapy to DBED  N,N′-dibenzyl ethylenediaminediace- Activase [study] tic acid DATE  dental auxiliary teacher education dbEST  database expressed sequence tag; DATF  Difficult Airway Task Force Database of Expressed Sequence Tags DATOS  Diet and Antismoking Trial of Oslo DBEV  Demodema entomopoxvirus Study dbGSS  database genome survey sequence; DATP  deoxyadenosine triphosphate Database on Genome Survey Sequences dATP  deoxyadenosine monophosphate DBH  dopamine beta-hydroxylase DATTA  diagnostic and therapeutic technol- DbH  diagnosis by hybridization ogy assessment DBI  development at birth index; phenformin DAU  3-deazauridine; Dental Auxiliary Uti- hydrochloride lization DBil  direct bilirubin dau  daughter DBIOC  database input/output control DAU  drug abuse testing and urine DBIR  Directory of Biotechnology Informa- DAV  data valid; Disabled American Veter- tion Resources ans; disease-associated virus; duck adenovi- dBk  decibels above 1 kilowatt rus DBL  desbromoleptophos DAVF  dural arteriovenous fistula DBLE  Double Bolus Lytic Efficacy [trial] DAVIT  Danish Verapamil Infarction Trial DBM  database management; dibromoman- DAVM  dural arteriovenous malformation nitol; dobutamine DAvMED  Diploma in Aviation Medicine dBm  decibels above 1 milliwatt DAVP  deamino-arginine vasopressin dBMAN  database manager  108 DBMS  database management system D&C  dilation and curettage; drugs and cos- DBN  dynamic bayesian network metics DBNN  decision-based neural network Dc  critical dilution rate DBO  distobucco-occlusal D/c  discontinue; discharge db/ob  diabetic obese [mouse] DC65  Darvon compound 65 DBP  deoxyribonucleic acid–binding peptide; dC  deoxycytidine diastolic blood pressure; dibutylphthalate; dis- dc  decrease; direct current; discharge; dis- tobuccopulpal; Döhle body panmyelopathy; continue vitamin D–binding protein DCA  deoxycholate-citrate agar; deoxycho- DBPOFC  double-blind placebo-controlled lic acid; desoxycorticosterone acetate; di- oral food challenge chloroacetate; directional color angiography; DBP-PEG/DNA  deoxyribonucleic acid– directional coronary atherectomy binding peptide-polyethylene glycol/deoxy- DCa  deoxycortisone acetate ribonucleic acid DCABG  double coronary artery bypass graft DBR  distorted breathing rate DCAF  dilated cardiomyopathy and atrial fi- DBRI  dysfunctional behavior rating instru- brillation ment 2D-CAG  two-dimensional coronary angi- DBRPC  double-blind randomized placebo- ography controlled DCAld  dichloroacetaldehyde DBS  deep brain stimulation; Denis Browne DCB  3,4-dichlorobenzamil splint; despeciated bovine serum; Diamond- DCBE  double contrast barium enema Blackfan syndrome; dibromosalicil; dimin- DCBF  dynamic cardiac blood flow ished breath sounds; direct bonding system; DCbN  deep cerebellar nucleus Division of Biological Standards; double- DCC  day care center; deleted in colorectal blind study; double-burst stimulus; dysgen- cancer; desquamated cornified cells; device esis of corpus callosum communication controller; dextran-coated dbSNP  Database of Single Nucleotide charcoal; diameter of cylindrical collimator; Polymorphisms N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; digital com- DBSP  dibromosulphthalein pact cassette; disaster control center; dorsal dbSTS  Database of Sequence Tagged Sites; cell column; double concave; dysgenesis of database sequence target site corpus callosum DBSV  deconvolution based on shape varia- 2DCC  two-dimensional cross-correlation tion DCCMP  daunomycin, cyclocytidine, 6-mer- DBT  dry bulb temperature captopurine, and prednisolone DBV  Dakar bat virus; Dioscorea bacilliform DCCO2  diffusing capacity for carbon dioxide virus DCCT  Diabetes Control and Complications DBW  desirable body weight; desired breast Trial width DCCV  direct current cardioversion dBW  decibels above 1 watt DCD  developmental coordination disorder; DBZ  dibenzazepine differential current density; Diploma in Chest DC  daily census; data communication; data Diseases; disorders of cortical development; conversion; decrease; deep compartment; donation (after) cardiac death; dynamic cool- defining characteristic; dendritic cell; den- ing device dritic core; Dental Corps; deoxycholate; D/c’d, dc’d  discontinued descending colon; dextran charcoal; diag- D/CDK  D-type cyclin-dependent kinase nostic center; diagnostic cluster; diagnostic DCE  desmosterol-to-cholesterol enzyme; code; diagonal conjugate; differentiated cell; distributed computing environment; dynamic diffusion capacity; digit copying; digital contrast enhanced computer; dilatation and curettage; dila- DCE-MRI  dynamic contrast-enhanced mag- tion catheter; diphenylcyanoarsine; direct netic resonance imaging Coombs [test]; direct current; discharge, DCET  dicarboxyethoxythiamine discharged; discontinue, discontinued; distal DCF  2′-deoxycoformycin; dichlorofluores- colon; distocervical; Doctor of Chiropractic; cein; direct centrifugal flotation; dopachrome donor cells; dopachrome; dorsal column; conversion factor dressing change; duodenal cap; Dupuytren DCFDA  2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate contracture; duty cycle; dyskeratosis con- DCFH  dichlorofluorescein genita; electric defibrillator using direct cur- DCFH-DA  dichlorofluorescein diacetate rent discharge DCG  dacryocystography; deoxycorticoste- D/C  discharge; discontinue rone glucoside; diagnosis cost-related group;  109 disodium cromoglycate; dynamic electrocar- DCOG  Diploma of the College of Obstetri- diography cians and Gynaecologists DCGE  denaturation gradient gel electropho- DCOP  distal coronary occlusion pressure resis DCOR  Dialysis Clinical Outcomes Revisit- DCH  delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity; ed [trial]; dopachrome oxidoreductase Diploma in Child Health DCP  des-γ-carboxy prothrombin; dicalcium DCh  Doctor of Surgery [Lat. Doctor phosphate; Diploma in Clinical Pathology; Chirurgiae] Diploma in Clinical Psychology; district DCHA  docosahexaenoic acid community physician; dual-chamber pace- DCHEB  dichlorohexafluorobutane maker; dynamic compression plate DCHN  dicyclohexylamine nitrite DCPA  chlorthal-dimethyl DChO  Doctor of Ophthalmic Surgery DCPP  Disease Control Priorities Project DCI  dichloroisoprenaline; dichloroisopro- DCR  dacryocystorhinostomy; data conver- terenol; digital cardiac imaging; Doppler sion receiver; digitally composited radio- color imaging; duplicate coverage inquiry graph; direct cortical response DCIA  deep circumflex iliac artery DCRT  Division of Computer Research and DCIEM  Defense and Civil Institute for En- Technology vironmental Medicine 3DCRT, 3D CRT  three-dimensional confor- DCIM  digital camera images mal radiation therapy; three-dimensional DCIP  dichlorophenolindophenol conformal radiotherapy DCIS  ductal carcinoma in situ DCS  decompression sickness; dense canalic- DCK, dCK  deoxycytidine kinase ular system; diffuse cortical sclerosis; dis- DCL  data control language; dicloxacillin; charge summary; distal coronary sinus; dorsal diffuse/disseminated cutaneous leishmania- column stimulation, dorsal column stimulator; sis; digital case library dynamic condylar screw; dynamic contrast- DCLHb  diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin enhanced subtraction; dynamic contrast- DCLS  deoxycholate citrate lactose saccha- enhanced tomography; dynamic control rose system; dyskinetic cilia syndrome DCM  dichloromethane; dichloromethotrex- dcSSc  diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis ate; dilated cardiomyopathy; Doctor of Com- DCSWS  dementia with continuing spike parative Medicine; dyssynergia cerebellaris wave during slow-wave sleep myoclonica DCT  detached ciliary tuft; direct Coombs DCMADS  District of Columbia Metropoli- test; discrete cosine transform; distal convo- tan Area Drug Study luted tubule; diurnal cortisol test; dynamic DCML  dorsal column medial lemniscus computed tomography 3D-CMM  three-dimensional coordinate 3DCT, 3D-CT  three-dimensional computed measuring machine tomography DCMP  daunomycin, cytosine arabinoside, DCTMA  desoxycorticosterone trimethylac- 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisolone etate dCMP  deoxycytidine monophosphate dCTP  deoxycytidine triphosphate DCMS  data creation and maintenance sys- DCTPA  desoxycorticosterone triphenylace- tem tate DCMT  Doctor of Clinical Medicine of the DCTS  dynamic carpal tunnel syndrome Tropics DCV  diagnostic content validity; distribu- 3D-CMT  three-dimensional computed mi- tion of conduction velocities crotomography D2CV  Doppler 2-chamber view DCMX  2,4-dichloro-m-xylenol D4CV  Doppler 4-chamber view DCN  data collection network; deep cerebral DCVC  dichlorovinyl cystine nucleus; delayed conditioned necrosis; de- DCVMN  Developing Country Vaccine pressed, cognitively normal; dorsal cochlear Manufacturers’ Network nucleus; dorsal column nucleus; dorsal cuta- DCX  double charge exchange neous nerve DCx  double convex DCNB  1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene DD  dangerous drug; Darier disease; data DCNU  chlorozotocin definition; data dictionary; day of delivery; DCO  death certificate only; Diploma of the D-dimer; death domain; degenerated disk; College of Optics degenerative disease; delusional disorder; DCO  diffusing capacity for carbon mon­ depth dose; detrusor dyssynergia; develop- oxide mental disability; diastrophic dysplasia;  dCO2  dissolved carbon dioxide died of the disease; differential diagnosis;  110 differential display; digest and discharge;  DDIB  Disease Detection Information Bu- digestive disorder; Di Guglielmo disease; reau discharge diagnosis; discharged dead; disk DDKase  deoxynucleoside diphosphate ki- diameter; dog dander; double diffusion; dou- nase ble dummy; drug dependence; dry dressing; DDL  data definition language Duchenne dystrophy; Dupuytren disease DDM  differential diagnosis manager; Di- D&D  design and development ploma in Dermatological Medicine; Doctor D6D  delta-6-desaturase in Dental Medicine; Dyke-Davidoff-Masson dd  dideoxy [syndrome] DDA  Dangerous Drugs Act; dideoxy- DDMR  dam-directed mismatch repair adenosine; digital differential analysis DDNA  Developmental Disabilities Nurses ddA  2′,3′-dideoxyadenosine Association DDase  deoxyuridine diphosphatase dDNA  denatured deoxyribonucleic acid ddATP  dideoxyadenosine triphosphate DDNTP, ddNTP dideoxynucleotide triphos- DDAVP, dDAVP  1-deamino-8-D-arginine phate vasopressin DDO  Diploma in Dental Orthopaedics DDB  dosimetric databank DDP  cisplatin; density-dependent phospho- DDBJ  DNA Data Bank of Japan protein; difficult denture patient; digital data DDC  dangerous drug cabinet; dideoxycytidine; processing; distributed data processing 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine; DDPA  Delta Dental Plans Association diethyl-dithiocarbamate; dihydroxyphenyl- DD-PCR, DDPCR  differential display poly- alanine decarboxylase; direct display console; merase chain reaction diverticular disease of the colon DDQ  database directed query DDc  double concave 2D DQFC NMR  two-dimensional double ddC  dideoxycytidine; zalcitabine quantum filtered correction nuclear magnetic DDD  AV universal [pacemaker]; Dali domain resonance spectroscopy dictionary; defined daily dose; degenerative DDR  diastolic descent rate; Diploma in Di- disk disease; dehydroxydinaphthyl disul- agnostic Radiology; DNA damage response; fide; dense deposit disease; Denver dialysis double data rate disease; dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethane; DDRB  Doctors’ and Dentists’ Review Body dihydroxydinaphthyl disulfide; dorsal dural DDRP  DNA damage-responsive protein deficiency; double dose delay; Dowling- DDRT  diseases, disorders, and related topics Degos disease; dual mode, dual pacing, dual DDS  damaged disk syndrome; dapsone; sensing data definition structure; dendrodendritic DDD CT  double dose delay computed to- synaptosome; dental distress syndrome; mography Denys-Drash syndrome; depressed DNA DDDD-CAT  Drug Delivery Device Dis- synthesis; dialysis disequilibrium syndrome; patch in Coronary Angioplasty Trial diaminodiphenylsulfone; directional Doppler DDDi  infant defined daily dose sonography; Director of Dental Services; DDE  dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; dy- dirty data set; disability determination ser- namic data exchange vice; Disease-Disability Scale; Doctor of DDEB  dominantly inherited dystrophic epi- Dental Surgery; dodecyl sulfate; double de- dermolysis bullosa cidual sac; dystrophy-dystocia syndrome DDF  demographic data form; difficulty de- DDSc  Doctor of Dental Science scribing feelings DDSI  digital damage severity index Δdf  differences between degrees of DDSO  diaminodiphenylsulfoxide freedom DDSS  Defense Dental Standard System; di- ddF  dideoxy fingerprinting agnostic decision support system; double DDFP  dodecafluoropentane decidual sac sign DDG  deoxy-D-glucose DDST  Denver Developmental Screening ddGTP  dideoxyguanidine triphosphate Test DDH  developmental dysplasia of the hip; DDST-R  Denver Developmental Screening dihydrodiol dehydrogenase; Diploma in Test-Revised Dental Health; dissociated double hypertro- DDT  diastolic deceleration time; dichlo- pia rodiphenyltrichloroethane; ductus deferens ddH2O  double-distilled water tumor; dynamic data table DDI  dideoxyinosine; Division of Drug In- Ddt  deceleration time formation; dynamic data icon DDTC  diethyldithiocarbamate ddI  didanoside; dideoxyinosine DDTN  dideoxy-didehydrothymidine  111 ddTTP  dideoxythymidine triphosphate DECOMP  decomposition DDU  data deficit unit; data definition unit; decomp  decompensation; decompose, de- dermo-distortive urticaria; duplex Doppler composition ultrasound decr  decrease, decreased dDVH  differential dose-volume histogram D-ECST  Dutch-European Cerebral Sinus DDW  Digestive Diseases Week Thrombosis [trial] D/DW  dextrose in distilled water DECU  decubitus D 5% DW  5% dextrose in distilled water decub  lying down [Lat. decubitus] DDx  differential diagnosis DED  date of expected delivery; death effec- DE  data encoder; dendritic expansion; de- tor domain [cell]; defined exposure dose; prived eye; design effect; diagnostic error; delayed erythema dose dialysis encephalopathy; diesel exhaust; di- DEE  daily energy expenditure gestive energy; direct excitation; donor egg; DEEDS  Data Elements for Emergency De- dose equivalent; dream element; drug evalu- partment Systems ation; duodenal exclusion; duration of ejec- DEEG  depth electroencephalogram/electro- tion encephalography D&E  diet and elimination; dilation and evac- DEER  Diet and Exercise in Elevated Risk uation [trial] D=E  dates equal to examination DEET  N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide 2DE  two-dimensional echocardiography DEF  decayed primary teeth requiring filling, 3DE  three-dimensional echocardiography decayed primary teeth requiring extraction, dE  differential in energy and primary teeth successfully filled; dose- DEA  dehydroepiandrosterone; diethanol- effect factor amine; Drug Enforcement Administration def  defecation; deferred; deficiency, defi- DEAD  Dying Experience at Dartmouth cient DEAE  diethylaminoethyl DEFIANT  Doppler Flow and Echocardiog- DEAE-D  diethylaminoethyl dextran raphy in Functional Cardiac Insufficiency DEAFF  detection of early antigen fluores- Assessment of Nisoldipine Therapy [trial] cent foci defib  defibrillation DEALE  declining exponential approxima- DEFIBRILAT  Defibrillator as Bridge to Later tion of life expectancy Transplantation [study] DEATH  Dying Experience at the Hitchcock defic  deficiency, deficient DEB  diepoxybutane; diethylbutanediol; Di- DEFN  Danubian endemic familial nephrop- vision of Environmental Biology; doxorubi- athy cin-eluting beads; dystrophic epidermolysis DEFNT  dose-effect factor for normal tissue bullosa deform  deformed, deformity deb  debridement DEFT  direct epifluorescent filter technique DEBA  diethylbarbituric acid DEFT  dose-effect factor for tumor DEBATE  Doppler Endpoints Balloon Angio- DEFV  deceleration of early flow velocity plasty Trial, Europe DEG  degenerin; diagnostic evaluation group; debil  debilitation diethylene glycol DEBRA  Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa Deg, deg  degeneration, degenerative; degree Research Association degen  degeneration, degenerative DEBS  dominant epidermolysis bullosa sim- DEH  dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica plex DEHP  di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate DEC  decrease; deoxycholate citrate; diag- DEHR  distributed electronic health record nostic episode cluster; diethylcarbamazine; DEHS  Division of Emergency Health Ser- dynamic environmental conditioning vices Dec, dec  decant DEHT  developmental hand function test dec  deceased; deciduous; decimal; decom- dehyd  dehydrated, dehydration pose, decomposition; decrease, decreased DEI  dual-energy indices DECA  Demographic and Economic Charac- DEJ, dej  dentinoenamel junction; dermo- teristics of the Aged epidermal junction decd  deceased del  deletion; delivery; delusion DECG  differentiated electrocardiogram DELFIA  dissociated enhanced lanthanide decoct  decoction fluoroimmunoassay DECODE  Diabetes Epidemiology, Collab- deliq  deliquescence, deliquescent orative Analysis of Diagnostic Criteria in DELIRIUM  drugs, electrolytes, low temper- Europe ature, lunacy-intoxication and intracranial  112 processes, retention of urine or feces, desq  desquamation infection, unfamiliar surroundings, myocar- DESS  double-echo steady state dial infarction [causes of delirium] DEST  Denver Eye Screening Test; dichotic Delt  deltoid environmental sounds test; differentially ex- DELTA  Descriptive Language for Taxono- pressed sequence tag my; Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and DESTINI  Doppler Endpoint Stent Interna- Thrombogenic Activity tional Investigation; Duke University Clini- DEM  Demerol; diethylmaleate; diffusion cal Cardiology Study Elective Stent Trial: A equation method Cost Containment Initiative Dem  Demerol DeSyGNER  Decision Systems Group Nu- DEMO  dynamic essential modeling cleus of Extensible Resources demo  demonstrate, demonstration DET  diethyltryptamine; dipyridamole echo- DEN  denervation; dengue; dermatitis exfo- cardiography test; double embryo transfer liativa neonatorum; Device Experience Net- DETC  diethyldithiocarbamate work; diethylnitrosamine Det-6  detroid-6 denat  denatured determ  determination, determined DENT  Dental Exposure Normalization detn  detention Technique detox  detoxification Dent, dent  dental; dentist, dentistry; denti- DEUC  direct electronic urethrocystometry tion DEV  deviant, deviation; duck embryo vac- DENTALPROJ  Dental Research Projects cine; duck embryo virus DENV  dengue virus dev  development; deviation DEP  depression emulation program; dielec- devel  development trophoresis; diethylpropanediol; dilution end DevPd  developmental pediatrics point DEW  diagnostic encyclopedia workstation dep  dependent; deposit DEX  blood sugar; dexamethasone DEPA  diethylene phosphoramide Dex  dextrose DEPC  diethyl pyrocarbonate dex  dexterity; dextrorotatory; right [Lat. depr  depressed, depression dexter] DEPS  distal effective potassium secretion DEXA  dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry DEP ST SEG  depressed ST segment DF  decapacitation factor; decontamination DEPT  distortionless enhancement by polar- factor; deferoxamine; defibrillation; deficien- ization transfer cy factor; defined flora; degree of freedom; dept  department diabetic father; dietary fibers; digital fluoros- DEQ  Depression Experiences Questionnaire copy; diphase fix; discriminant function; dis- DER  disulfiram-ethanol reaction; dual ener- seminated foci; distribution factor; dominant gy radiography frequency; dorsiflexion; dysgonic fermenter DeR  degeneration reaction D&F  Diamond and Forrester [analysis] der  derivative Df  Dermatophagoides farinae; discrimina- DERI  Diabetes Epidemiology Research In- tion factor; duodenal fluid ternational [study] df  degrees of freedom deriv  derivative, derived DF-2  dysgonic fermenter 2 [obsolete] Derm, derm dermatitis; dermatologic, DFA  detrended fluctuation analysis; direct dermatologist, dermatology; dermatome fluorescent antibody; discriminant function DERS  dependent error regression smoothing analysis; dorsiflexion angle; dorsiflexion as- DES  Danish Enoxaparin Study; data encryp- sistance tion standard; dementia rating scale; dermal- DFB  dinitrofluorobenzene; dysfunctional epidermal separation; descendant; desmin; bleeding dialysis encephalopathy syndrome; dieth­ DFC  developmental field complex; dry- ylstilbestrol; diffuse esophageal spasm;  filled capsule disequilibrium syndrome; dissociative expe- DFD  data flow diagram; defined formula rience scale; doctor’s emergency service; diets; developmental field defect; diisopropyl drug-eluting stent phosphorofluoridate DES1  descendant, first level in hierarchy DFDB  demineralized freeze-dried bone desat  desaturated dFdCTP  difluorodeoxycytidine triphos- desc  descendant; descending phate DescAo  descending aorta DFDT  difluoro-diphenyl-trichloroethane DESIRE  Debulking and Stenting in Resteno- DfDx, Df/Dx, df/dx  differential diagno- sis Elimination [trial] sis  113 DFE  diffuse fasciitis with eosinophilia; dis- DGCR  DiGeorge chromosome region; Di- tal femoral epiphysis George critical region DFECT  dense fibroelastic connective tissue DGE  delayed gastric emptying; diglycidyl 3DFEM  three-dimensional finite element ether method dge  drainage 2D-FFT  two-dimensional fast Fourier trans- 2D-GEMS  two-dimensional gel electropho- form resis mass spectrometry DFG  direct forward gaze DGF  duct growth factor DFHom  Diploma of the Faculty of Home- DGGE  denaturing gradient gel electropho- opathy resis DFHS  Department of Family and Health DGI  dentinogenesis imperfecta; dissemi- Services nated gonococcal infection DFI  disease-free interval; dye fluorescence dGI  dorsal giant interneuron index DGIM  Division of General Internal Medi- DFIB  defibrillation cine DFL  digital film library DGKV  Dera Ghazi Khan virus DFM  decreased fetal movement DGLA  dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid DFMC  daily fetal movement count dGMP  deoxyguanosine monophosphate DFMO  difluoromethylornithine DGMS  Division of General Medical Sci- DFMR  daily fetal movement record ences DFN  distal femoral nail DGN  diffuse glomerulonephritis DFO, DFOM  deferoxamine DGNA  delayed gamma neutron activation DFP  deferiprone; diastolic filling period; DGO  Diploma in Gynaecology and Obstet- diisopropyl-fluorophosphate rics DF32P  radiolabeled diisopropylfluorophos- DGP  2,3-diglycerophosphate; Dutch Gen- phate eral Practices Study; dynamic graciloplasty DFPP  double-filtration plasmapheresis DGPG  diffuse proliferative glomerulone- DFR  designated family respondent; diabetic phritis floor routine; digital fluororadiography; dis- DGR  duodenogastric reflux tal femoral replacement DGS  developmental Gerstmann syndrome; DFS  disease-free survival; distraction- diabetic glomerulosclerosis; DiGeorge se- flexion staging; distributed file system quence; DiGeorge syndrome; disease guid- DFSP  dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans ance systems; dysplasia-gigantism syndrome DFT  defibrillation threshold; dementia of DGSCR  DiGeorge syndrome critical region frontal type; diagnostic function test; discrete DGSX  X-linked dysplasia-gigantism syn- Fourier transform drome DFT3  dialyzable fraction of triiodothyronine dGTP  deoxyguanosine triphosphate DFT4  dialyzable fraction of thryoxine DGU  uracil deoxyribonucleic acid glycosyl- 2DFT  two-dimensional Fourier transform ase 3DFT  three-dimensional Fourier transform DGV  dextrose-gelatin-Veronal [buffer] DFTS  digital flashing tomosynthesis DG/VCF  DiGeorge/velocardiofacial [syn- DFU  dead fetus in utero; diabetic foot ulcer; drome] dideoxyfluorouridine DH  daily habits; day hospital; dehydro- DFV  diarrhea with fever and vomiting cholate; dehydrogenase; delayed hypersen- DG  data gathering; dentate gyrus; deoxyglu- sitivity; department of health; dermatitis cose; desmoglein; diacylglycerol; diagnosis; herpetiformis; developmental history; dia- diastolic gallop; DiGeorge [anomaly, syn- phragmatic hernia; disseminated histoplas- drome]; diglyceride; distogingival mosis; dominant hand; dorsal horn; drug 2DG  2-deoxy-D-glucose history; ductal hyperplasia; Dunkin-Hartley Dg  dentate gyrus [guinea pig] dg  decigram; diagnosis D&H  distributed and heterogeneous DGA  DiGeorge anomaly D/H  deuterium/hydrogen ratio DGAP  DNA-guided assembly of proteins DHA  dehydroacetic acid; dehydroascorbic DGAT  diacylglycerol transferase acid; dehydroepiandrosterone; dihydroacetic DGAVP   desglycinamide-9-[Arg-8]-vaso- acid; dihydroxyacetone; district health au- pressin thority DGBG  dimethylglyoxal bisguanyl-hydra- DHAD  mitoxantrone hydrochloride zone DHAOS  Dutch Hypertension and Offspring DGC  density gradient centrifugation Study  114 DHAP  dihydroxyacetone phosphate DHIS  distributed health care information DHAP-AT  dihydroxyacetone phosphate ac- system; district health information system; yltransferase Duke Hospital Information System DHAS  dehydroandrostenedione DHL  diffuse histiocytic lymphoma DHB  dihydroxybenzoate; duck hepatitis B DHLA  haloalkane dehalogenase DHBE  dihydroxybutyl ether DHLD  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase DHBG  dihydroxybutyl guanine DHM  dihydromorphine DHBS  dihydrobiopterin synthetase DHMA  3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid DHBV  duck hepatitis B virus DHMO  dental health maintenance organi- DHC  dehydrocholate; dehydrocholesterol; zation delivery of health care DHO  dihydro-orotate DHCA  deep hypothermia and circulatory ar- dH2O  distilled water rest; dihydroxycholestanoic acid DHODH  dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase DHCC  dehydroxycholecalciferol DHOV  Dhori virus DHCCP  Department of Health and Social DHP  dehydrogenated polymer; dihydropro- Security Hypertension Care Computing  gesterone; 1,4-dihydropyridine; dual heuris- Project tic programming DHCP  decentralized/distributed hospital com- DHPA  dihydroxypropyl adenine puter program; dental health care provider; DHPCCB  dihydropyrimidine calcium chan- dynamic host configuration protocol nel blocker DHCS  Department of Health and Commu- DHPDH  dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase nity Services DHPG  dihydroxyphenylglycol; dihydroxy- DHD  district health department propoxymethylguanine DH-DATA  Department of Health Library DHPR  dihydropteridine reductase Database DHR  delayed hypersensitivity reaction; De- DHE  dihematoporphyrin ether; dihydroer- partment of Human Resources; disk–large gocryptine; dihydroergotamine; distributed homologous region health care environment DHS  dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis; DHEA  dehydroepiandrosterone delayed hypersensitivity; demographic and DHEAS, DHEA-S  dehydroepiandrosterone health survey; diabetic hyperosmolar state; sulfate document handling system; duration of hos- DHEC  dihydroergocryptine pital stay; dynamic hip screw DHES  Division of Health Examination Sta- D-5-HS  5% dextrose in Harman’s solution tistics DHSM  dihydrostreptomycin DHESN  dihydroergosine DHSS  Department of Health and Social Se- DHEW  Department of Health, Education, curity; dihydrostreptomycin sulfate and Welfare DHT  dehydrotestosterone; dihydroergotox- DHF  dengue hemorrhagic fever; dihydrofo- ine; dihydrotachysterol; dihydrotestosterone; late; dorsihyperflexion dihydrothymine; dihydroxytryptamine; dis- DHF/DSS  dengue hemorrhagic fever/den- crete Hartley transform gue shock syndrome 5,7-DHT  5,7-dihydroxytryptamine DHFR  dihydrofolate reductase DHTP  dihydrotestosterone propionate DHFRase  dihydrofolate reductase DHTR  dihydrotestosterone receptor DHFRP  dihydrofolate reductase pseudo- DHU  dihydroxyuracil gene DHUA  Division of Health and Utilization DHFS  Diet-Heart Feasibility Study Analysis DHg  Doctor of Hygiene DHV  duck hepatitis virus DHGG  deaggregated human gammaglobu- DHWD  decompressive hemicraniectomy lin with duraplasty DHHS  Department of Health and Human DHy, DHyg  Doctor of Hygiene Services DHZ  dihydralazine DHI  Dental Health International; dihy- DI  date interviewed; date of injury; defec- droxyindole tive interfering [particle]; dental index; den- DHIA  dehydroisoandrosterol tal informatics; dentinogenesis imperfecta; DHIAP  Defense Healthcare Information deoxyribonucleic acid index; depression Assurance Program inventory; desorption ionization; deteriora- DHIC  dihydroisocodeine tion index; detrusor instability; diabetes in- DHICA  5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic sipidus; diagnostic imaging; dialyzed iron; acid diastolic interval; disability insurance;  115 dispensing information; distoincisal; docu- DIDA  diethyl iminodiacetic acid ment index; donor insemination; dorsoiliac; DIDD  dense intramembranous deposit dis- dose intensity; double indemnity; drug in- ease formation; drug injection; drug interactions; DiDi  Diltiazem in Dilated Cardiomyopathy duct injection; dyskaryosis index [trial] 3DI  developmental, dimensional, and diag- DIDMOA  diabetes insipidus, diabetes mel- nostic interview; three-dimensional imaging litus, optic atrophy [syndrome] 5′DI  5′-deiodinase DIDMOAD  diabetes insipidus, diabetes DIA  depolarization-induced automaticity; mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness [syndrome] diabetes; diaphorase; diazepam; Drug Infor- DIDS  4,4′diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2-disul- mation Association fonate DiA  Diego antigen DIE  died in emergency department; differ- dia  diakinesis; diathermy ence in electronegativity diab  diabetes, diabetic DIEA  diisopropylethylamine DIACOMP  Diabetes Complications [study] diEMG  diaphragmatic electromyography DiaComp  diabetes computer-aided [man- DIEP  deep inferior epigastric perforator agement] DIET  Dietary Intervention: Evaluation of DIAG  diagnostic procedure Technology [study] Diag  diagnosis DIEV  Dicentrarchus labrax encephalitis diag  diagnosis; diagonal; diagram virus diam  diameter DIF  difficulty identifying feelings; diffuse DIAMOND  Danish Investigation of Ar- interstitial fibrosis; direct immunofluores- rhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide cence; dose increase factor DIAMOND-CHF  Danish Investigation of DIFF, diff  difference, differential; diffusion Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide in diff diagn  differential diagnosis Congestive Heart Failure diff Dx  differential diagnosis DIAMOND-MI  Danish Investigation of Ar- DIFP  diffuse interstitial fibrosing pneumoni- rhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide in tis; diisopropyl fluorophosphonate Myocardial Infarction dif-PIPE  diffuse persistent interstitial pul- diaph  diaphragm monary emphysema dias  diastole, diastolic DIG  digitalis; Digitalis Investigation Group; diath  diathermy digoxigenin; digoxin; drug-induced galactor- DIB  diagnostic interview for borderlines; rhea difficulty in breathing; disability insurance dig  digitalis; digoxigenin; digoxin benefits; dot immunobinding; duodenoileal DIGAF  Digoxin in Atrial Fibrillation bypass [study] DIBAL  diisobutylaluminum DIGAMI  Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Glucose diBr-HQ  5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxy-quinidine Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction DIC  dicarbazine; differential interference con- [study] trast microscopy; diffuse intravascular coagula- DIH  digoxin-induced hyperkalemia; Diplo- tion; direct isotope cystography; disseminated ma in Industrial Health intravascular coagulation; drip infusion cholan- DIHE  drug-induced hepatic encephalopathy giography; drug information center diHETE  dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid dic  dicentric DIHPPA  diiodohydroxyphenylpyruvic acid DICA  diagnostic interview of children and DII  dynamic invocation interface adolescents Dii  input delay DICD  death in intercurrent disease; dispersion- DiIV  Diadegma interruptum ichnovirus induced circular dichroism Dij  transfer delay DICO  diffusing capacity of carbon monox- DIL  Dilantin; drug-induced lupus ide Dil  Dilantin; dilation, dilated; drug-induced DICOM  Digital Imaging and Communica- lupus tions in Medicine dil  dilute, diluted, dilution DICOM-RT  digital image communications dilat  dilation in medicine–radiation therapy DILCACOMP  Diltiazem Captopril Com- DICPM  distributed information, computa- parative Study tion, and process management DILD  diffuse infiltrative lung disease; dif- DID  dead of intercurrent disease; Dictionary fuse interstitial lung disease of Drugs; dissociative identity disorder; dou- DILDURANG  Diltiazem Duration in Angi- ble immunodiffusion na [study]  116 DILE  drug-induced lupus erythematosus DIR  double inversion recovery; double iso- DILI  drug-induced liver injury morphous replacement DILIN  Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network Dir, dir  direction, directions; director DILPLACOMP  Diltiazem Placebo Com- DIRD  drug-induced renal disease parative Trial DIRECT  Diabetes Intervention: Reaching DILS  diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syn- and Educating Communities Together; Direct drome Myocardial Revascularization in Regenera- DIM  divalent ion metabolism; domain infor- tion of Endomyocardial Channels Trial mation model; median infective dose [Lat. DIRLINE  Directory of Information Resourc- dosis infectionis media] es Online dim  dimension; diminished DIRS  Dutch Invasive Reperfusion Study DIMFP  differential inverse mean free path DIS  Department of Information Services; DIMIT  3,5-dimethyl-3′-isopropyl-L-thyronine departmental information system; Diagnostic DIMM  dual in-line memory module Interview Schedule; Diagnostic Interview DIMOAD  diabetes insipidus, diabetes mel- Survey; draft international standard; drug in- litus, optic atrophy, deafness formation system DIMS  disorder in initiating and maintaining DI-S  debris index, simplified sleep dis  disability, disabled; disease; dislocation; DIMSE  DICOM message service element distal; distance DIMT  Dutch Ibopamine Multicenter Trial DISC  Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DIN  damage inducible; digital imaging net- Children; Dietary Intervention Study in Chil- work; dissolved inorganic nitrogen; ductal dren; digital interchange standards for cardi- intraepithelial neoplasia ology din  damage inducible disc  discontinue DIN/PACS  digital imaging network/picture disch  discharge, discharged archiving communications system DISC-HSV  disabled infectious single-cycle DIOS  distal intestinal obstruction syndrome herpes simplex virus DIP  desquamative interstitial pneumoni- DISCO  diagnostic interview for social and tis; diffuse interstitial pneumonitis; digital communication disorders imaging processing; diisopropylamine; di- dis eval  disability evaluation isopropyl phosphate; diphtheria; dissolved DISF-SR  Derogatis Interview for Sexual inorganic phosphate; distal interphalangeal; Functioning-Short Report drip infusion pyelogram; dual-in-line pack- DISH  Dietary Intervention Study of Hy- age; dynamic integral proctography pertension; diffuse idiopathic skeletal hy- Dip  diplomate perostosis; disseminated idiopathic skeletal dip  diploid; diplotene hyperostosis DIPA  diisopropylamine DISI  dorsal intercalated segment instability DIPAP  Dipyridamole in Peripheral Arteri- DISIDA  diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid opathy [study] disinfect  disinfection DipBact  Diploma in Bacteriology disl, disloc  dislocated, dislocation DIPC  diffuse interstitial pulmonary calcifi- disod  disodium cation disp  dispensary, dispense DipChem  Diploma in Chemistry DISS  disease or syndrome; distributed DipClinPath  Diploma in Clinical Patholo- image spreadsheet gy diss  dissolve, dissolved DIPF  diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis; dissem  disseminated, dissemination diisopropylphosphofluoridate DIST  Dutch Iliac Stent Trial DIPG  diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma dist  distal; distance; distill, distillation, dis- diph  diphtheria tilled; distribution; disturbance, disturbed diph-tet  diphtheria-tetanus [toxoid] DISTRESS  Dispatch Stent Restenosis Study diph-tox AP  alum precipitated diphtheria DIT  deferoxamine infusion test; defining toxoid issues test; diet-induced thermogenesis;  DIPI  defective interfering particle induc- diiodotyrosine; drug-induced thrombocyto- tion penia DIPJ  distal interphalangeal joint dit  dictyate DIPS-PCR  detection of integrated papillo- dITP  deoxyinosine triphosphate mavirus sequences by polymerase chain re- Div  intravenous dose action div  divergence, divergent; divide, divided, Dipy  dipyridamole division  117 DIVBC  disseminated intravascular blood D-LDH  D-lactate dehydrogenase coagulation DLE  deep lamellar endothelial [keratoplasty DIVC  disseminated intravascular coagula- transplant surgery]; delayed light emission; tion dialyzable leukocyte extract; discoid lupus DJ  duodenal juice erythematosus; disseminated lupus erythe- DJD  degenerative joint disease matosus DJJ  duodenojejunal junction D1LE  diagonal 1 lower extremity DJOA  dominant juvenile optic atrophy D2LE  diagonal 2 lower extremity DJS  Dubin-Johnson syndrome DLF  Disabled Living Foundation; dorsolat- DK  dark; decay; diabetic ketoacidosis; diet eral funiculus kitchen; diseased kidney; dog kidney [cells] DLG  distolingual groove dk  deka Dlg, dlg  disk large dk-  deka- [101] Dlg-R  disk large, related DKA  diabetic ketoacidosis DLI  Digital Libraries Initiative; distolin- DKB  deep knee bends guoincisal; donor lymphocyte infusion;  DKC  dyskeratosis congenita double-label index dkg  dekagram DLIS  digoxin-like immunoreactive sub- DKI  dextrose potassium insulin stance DKIE  decontaminating kit, individual equip- DLK  diffuse lamellar keratitis ment DLL  dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid; dynamic dkL, dkl  decaliter link library dkm  dekameter DLLI  dulcitol lysine lactose iron DKP  dikalium phosphate DLM  dipole localization method DKS  Damus-Kaye-Stansel [anastomosis] DLMD  Duchenne-like muscular dystrophy DKTC  dog kidney tissue culture DLMO  dim light melatonin onset DKV  deer kidney virus DLMP  date of last menstrual period DL  danger list; data language; deep lobe; De DLN  draining lymph nodes Lee [catheter]; description language; descrip- DLNMP  date of last normal menstrual pe- tion logic; developmental level; diagnostic riod laparoscopy; difference limen; digital library; DLO  Diploma in Laryngology and Otology; dipole layer; direct laryngoscopy; disabled distolinguo-occlusal list; dissimilarity level; distolingual; equimo- DlO2  diffusing capacity of the lungs for oxy- lecular mixture of the dextrorotatory and le- gen vorotatory enantiomorphs; lethal dose; lung DLP  delipidized serum protein; direct linear diffusion plotting; dislocation of patella; distolin- DL, D-L  Donath-Landsteiner [antibody] guopulpal; dose length product; dysharmonic DL  diffusing capacity of the lungs luteal phase dL, dl  deciliter DLPFC  dorsolateral prefrontal cortex DLA  dermatolymphangioadenitis DLR  digital luminescence radiography DLA  diameter of left atrium D/LR  dextrose in lactated Ringer solution DLa  distolabial D5LR  dextrose in 5% lactated Ringer solu- DLaI  distolabioincisal tion DLaP  distolabiopulpal DLST  dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransfer- DL&B  direct laryngoscopy and bronchos- ase copy DLT  digital library technology; dihydro- DLBD  diffuse Lewy body disease epiandrosterone loading test; direct lin- DLC  Dental Laboratory Conference; differ- ear transformation; dose-limiting toxicity; ential leukocyte count; downloadable con- double-lumen endotracheal tube; double lung tent; dual-lumen catheter transplantation DLCL  diffuse large cell lymphoma DLV  defective leukemia virus; delavirdine DLCO, DLCO  carbon monoxide diffusion in DLW  dry lung weight the lung DM  defined medium; dermatomyositis; Des- DLCO2  carbon dioxide diffusion in the lungs cemet’s membrane; differentiation medium; DLCOSB  single-breath carbon monoxide dif- design manager; dextromaltose; dextrometho- fusing capacity of the lungs rphan; diabetes mellitus; diabetic mother; dia- DLCOSS  steady-state carbon monoxide dif- stolic murmur; distal metastases; dopamine; fusing capacity of the lungs dorsomedial; double minute; duodenal muco- DLD  dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase sa; dry matter; dystrophia myotonica; phen- dld  D-lactate dehydrogenase [gene] arsazine chloride [diphenylaminechlorarsine]  118 DM  membrane component of diffusion electrode; drug-metabolizing enzyme; Dul- dm  decimeter; diabetes mellitus; dorsome- becco modified Eagle [medium]; durable dial medical equipment dm2  square decimeter DMEM  Dulbecco modified Eagle medium dm3  cubic decimeter DMF  decayed, missing, and filled [teeth]; DMA  department of medical assistance; dimethyl fluoride; diphasic milk fever; N,N- Dietary Managers Association; dimethyl- dimethylformamide amine; dimethylaniline; dimethylarginine; DmFb  dermal fibroblast dimethylarsinic acid; direct memory access; DMFS  decayed, missing, filled surfaces director of medical affairs; distributed mul- DMFT  decayed, missing, and filled teeth tiple analysis DMG  dimethylglycine dMA  dominant motor area DMGBL  dimethyl-gammabutyrolactone DMAA  dimethylarsinic acid; Disease Man- DMGT  deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated gene agement Association of America transfer DMAB  dimethylaminobenzaldehyde DMH  1,2-dimethylhydrazine; diffuse me- DMAC  N,N-dimethylacetamide; dissemi- sangial hypercellularity; dorsal medial hypo- nated Mycobacterium avium complex thalamic [nucleus] DMAD  dimethylaminodiphosphate DMHD  dimenhydrinate DMAE  dimethylaminoethanol DMI  Defense Mechanism Inventory; Diag- DMAEM, DMAEMA  N,N′-dimethylamino­ nostic Medical Instruments; diaphragmatic ethyl methacrylate myocardial infarction; direct migration inhi- DMAP  dimethylaminophenol; dimethyl- bition aminopyridine DMID  Division of Microbiology and Infec- DMAPN  dimethylaminopropionitrile tious Diseases DMARD  disease-modifying antirheumatic DMIM  Defense Medical Information Man- drug agement Dmax  maximum denaturation; maximum di- Dmin  minimum diameter ameter; maximum dose dmin  double minute DMB  diffuse microvascular bleeding; dif- DMIS  Defense Medical Information System fusional microburet DMJ  Diploma in Medical Jurisprudence DMBA  7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene DMKA  diabetes mellitus ketoacidosis DMC  demeclocycline; di(p-chlorophenyl) DMKase  deoxynucleoside monophosphate methylcarbinol; direct microscopic count; kinase duration of muscle contraction; Dyggve- DML  data manipulation language; distal Melchior-Clausen [syndrome] motor latency DMCC  direct microscopic clump count DMLP  Dutch Medical Language Processor DMCL  diffuse mixed cell lymphoma; di- DMM  dimethylmyleran; disproportionate methylclomipramine micromelia DMCM  methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta- DMN  desmuslin; dimethylnitrosamine; dor- carboline-3-carboxylate sal motor nucleus; dysplastic melanocytic DMCO  Disease Management and Clinical nevus Outcomes DMNA  dimethylnitrosamine DMCS  Diagnostic Marker Cooperative DMNL  dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus Study lesion DMCT, DMCTC  dimethylchlortetracycline DMNX  dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus DMD  disease-modifying drug; Doctor of nerve Dental Medicine; Duchenne muscular dys- DMO   5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione trophy; dystonia musculorum deformans (dimethadione) DMD/BMD  Duchenne/Becker muscular Dmo2  membrane diffusing capacity for dystrophy oxygen DMDC   2′-deoxy-2′-methylidenecytidine; DMOA  diabetes mellitus–optic atrophy dimethyldithiocarbamate [syndrome] DMDT  dimethoxydiphenyl trichloroethane DMOD  disease model DMDZ  desmethyldiazepam DMOOC  diabetes mellitus out of control DME  degenerative myoclonus epilepsy; DMP  data map publication; diabetes melli- dimethyl diester; dimethyl ether; diphasic tus program; diffuse mesangial proliferation; meningoencephalitis; direct medical educa- dimercaprol; dimethylphthalate tion; director of medical education; Division DMPA  depot medroxyprogesterone acetate of Medical Education; dropping mercury DMPC  dimyristyl phosphatidyl choline  119 DMPE, DMPEA 3,4-dimethoxyphenyle- DNA-PK  DNA-protein kinase thylamine DNAR  do not attempt resuscitation DMPP  dimethylphenylpiperazinium DNASE, DNAse, DNase  deoxyribonu- DMPS  dysmyelopoietic syndrome clease DMPTU  dimethylphenylthiourea DNB  dinitrobenzene; Diplomate of the Na- DMR  depolarizing muscle relaxant; dif- tional Board [of Medical Examiners]; dorsal ferentially methylated region; Diploma in nonadrenergic bundle Medical Radiology; direct myocardial revas- DNBP  dinitrobutylphenol cularization; distributed medical record; dose DNBS  2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonate monitoring rate DNC  did not come; dinitrocarbanilide; dini- DM-R  decayed plus missing teeth, minus trocresol; disaster nursing chair replaced teeth DNCB  dinitrochlorobenzene DMRD  Diploma in Medical Radiodiagnosis DNCM  cytoplasmic membrane–associated DMRE  Diploma in Medical Radiology and DNA Electrology DND  died a natural death; Drugs for Ne- DMRF  dorsal medullary reticular formation glected Diseases dMRI  diffusion tensor magnetic resonance DNE  director of nursing education; Doctor imaging of Nursing Education 3D-MRI  three-dimensional magnetic reso- DNET  dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial nance imaging tumor DMRT  Diploma in Medical Radiotherapy DNF  distinctive normal form system DMS  delayed match to sample; delayed mi- DNFB  dinitrofluorobenzene croembolism syndrome; demarcation mem- DNH  do not hospitalize brane system; department of medicine and DNIC  diffuse noxious inhibitory control surgery; dermatomyositis; diagnostic medi- DNK  did not keep cal sonographer; diffuse mesangial sclerosis; DNKA  did not keep appointment dimethylsulfate; dimethylsulfoxide; Doctor DNLL  dorsal nucleus of lateral lemniscus of Medical Science; drug misuse statistics; DNM  descending necrotizing mediastinitis; dysmyelopoietic syndrome dynamin DMSA  dimercaptosuccinic acid; dimethyl- dNMP  deoxynucleotide monophosphate succinic acid 1D NMR  one-dimensional nuclear mag- DMSO  dimethyl sulfoxide netic resonance DMSS  data mining surveillance system 2D NMR  two-dimensional nuclear mag- DMT   [3-(2-dimethylamino)ethyl]indole; netic resonance dermatophytosis; disease-modifying therapy; DNMS  delayed nonmatch to sample; direc- District Management Team; Doctor of Medi- tor of Naval Medical Services cal Technology; dynamometer muscle test- DNMT  DNA methyltransferase ing; N,N-dimethyltryptamine Dnmt  DNA methyltransferase gene DMTU  dimethylthiourea DNO  district nursing officer DMU  dimethanolurea; dual method of use DNOC  dinitroorthocresol DMV  diurnal mood variations; Doctor of DNP  deoxyribonucleoprotein; dinitrophe- Veterinary Medicine; dorsal motor nucleus of nol; dinitropyrene; Doctor of Nursing Prac- the vagus nerve; dwarf mosaic virus tice; dynamic nuclear polarization DMWP  distal mean wave pressure 2,4-DNP  2,4-dinitrophenol DN  Deiter’s nucleus; dextrose-nitrogen; di- DNPH  dinitrophenylhydrazine abetic neuropathy; dibucaine number; di- DNPM  dinitrophenol-morphine crotic notch; DiFrancesco-Noble [equation]; DNQX  6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione dinitrocresol; Diploma in Nursing; Diploma DNR  daunorubicin; do not resuscitate; dor- in Nutrition; District Nurse; do not [resusci- sal nerve root tate]; Doctor of Nursing; dominant negative; DNS  deviated nasal septum; diaphragmatic duodenum nerve stimulation; did not show; Dietitians in D/N  dextrose/nitrogen ratio Nutrition Support; director of nursing ser- D&N  distance and near vices; Doctor of Nursing Science; dysplastic Dn  dekanem nevus syndrome dn  decinem D/NS  dextrose in normal saline DNA  deoxyribonucleic acid; Dermatology D5NS  5% dextrose in normal saline [solu- Nurses Association; did not answer tion] DNA DSB  DNA double-strand break D5NSS  5% dextrose in normal saline solu- DNAP  DNA phosphorus tion  120 DNT  dermonecrotic toxin; did not test; DOFISK  Dose Finding of Streptokinase 2,4-dinitrotoluene; dysembryoplastic neuro- [trial] epithelial tumor DOFOS  disturbance of function occlusion DNTM  disseminated nontuberculous myco- syndrome bacterial [infection] DOG  deoxyglucose; derivative of gaussian dNTP  deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate [function]; difference of gaussians; distrac- DNTT  terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase tion osteogenesis DNV  densovirus, dorsal nucleus of vagus DoG  difference of gaussians nerve; double-normalized value DOH, DoH  department of health DO  diamine oxidase; digoxin; Diploma in DOHyg  Diploma in Occupational Hygiene Ophthalmology; Diploma in Osteopathy; di- DOI  date of injury; died of injuries; digital rectly observed; dissolved oxygen; disto- object identifier; document object identifier occlusal; distraction osteogenesis; Doctor of DO2I  oxygen delivery index Ophthalmology; Doctor of Optometry; Doc- DOIA  Dermatological Online Atlas tor of Osteopathy; doctor’s orders; drugs Dol  dolichol only dol  pain [Lat. dolor] DO  oxygen diffusion DOLLS  double-loop locking suture DO2  oxygen delivery DOLV  double-outlet left ventricle DOA  date of admission; dead on arrival; DOM  deaminated O-methyl metabolite; de- Department of Agriculture; depth of anesthe- partment of medicine; dimethoxymethylam- sia; differential optical absorption; dominant phetamine; dissolved organic matter; optic atrophy document object model; dominance, domi- DOAC  Dubois oleic albumin complex nant DOB  date of birth; 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4- dom  dominant bromophenyl)-2-aminopropane; doctor’s order DOMA  dihydroxymandelic acid book DOMBL  distal, occlusal, mesial, buccal, lin- Dob  dobutamine gual DObstRCOG  Diploma of the Royal Col- DOMF  2′,7′-dibromo-4′-(hydroxymercuri) lege of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists fluorescein DOBV  Dobrava-Belgrade virus; double out- DOMIOS  Determinants of Myocardial In- let, both ventricles farction Onset [study] DOC  date of conception; deoxycholate; de- DOMS  Diploma in Ophthalmic Medicine oxycorticosterone; diagnostically operative and Surgery causal [graph]; died of other causes; disor- DON  deoxynivalenol; diazooxonorleucine; ders of cornification; dissolved organic car- director of nursing; dissolved organic nitro- bon; distributed object computing; doctor on gen call; Doctors Ought to Care DONALD  dissection of neck arteries, long- doc  doctor; document, documentation term follow-up determination DOCA  deoxycorticosterone acetate DOOR  deafness, onycho-osteodystrophy, DOCG  deoxycorticosterone glucoside mental retardation [syndrome] DOCLINE  Documents On-Line DOP  dioctyl phthalate; directory of physi- DO2crit  critical oxygen delivery cians; dissolved organic phosphate DOCS  deoxycorticosteroids DOPA, dopa  dihydroxyphenylalanine DOcSc  Doctor of Ocular Science DOPAC  dihydrophenylacetic acid DOCUSER  Document Delivery User dopamine  dihydroxyphenylethylamine DOD  date of death; dementia syndrome of dopase  dihydroxyphenylalanine oxidase depression; depth of discharge; Dictionary of DOPC  determined osteogenic precursor Organic Compounds; died of disease; dis- cell; dioleoyl-phosphatidyl choline solved oxygen deficit DOPE  dioleoyl-phosphatidyl ethanolamine DoD  Department of Defense DOph  Doctor of Ophthalmology DoDCPR  Department of Defense computer- DOPP  dihydroxyphenylpyruvate ized patient record DOPS  diffuse obstructive pulmonary syn- DOE  date of examination; desoxyephedrine; drome; dihydroxyphenylserine; dioleoyl- direct observation evaluation; dyspnea on phosphatidyl serine exertion DOPS-DL   threodihydroxyphenylserine DOES  disorder of excessive sleepiness [DL-threo-DOPS] DOF, dof  degrees of freedom DO-PT  directly observed preventive therapy DOFCOSY  double quantum filtered corre- dor  dorsal lated spectroscopy DORA  double-outlet right atrium  121 DORNA  desoxyribonucleic acid Dp  duplication; dyspnea Dors  dorsal Dp  pattern difference DOrth  Diploma in Orthodontics; Diploma 3DP  three-dimensional printing in Orthoptics DPA  Department of Public Assistance; di- DORV  double-outlet right ventricle phenylalanine; diphenylamine; dipicolinic DoRV  Dacus oleae reovirus acid; dipropylacetic acid; direct provider DOS  day of surgery; deoxystreptamine; agreement; D-penicillamine; dual photon ab- Doctor of Ocular Science; Doctor of Optical sorptiometry; dynamic physical activity Science; dysosteosclerosis DPAHC  durable power of attorney for dos  dosage, dose health care DOSC  Dubois oleic serum complex DpAV  Diadromus pulchellus ascovirus DOSPO  documentation system for pediat- DPB  days post burn; differential pencil ric oncology beam [radiotherapy]; diffuse panbronchiol- DOSS  dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; distal itis over-shoulder strap; docusate sodium DPBP  diphenylbutylpiperidine DOT  date of transfer; date of travel; Diction- DPC  delayed primary closure; desaturated ary of Occupational Titles; directly observed phosphatidylcholine; diethylpyrocarbonate; therapy direct patient care; discharge planning coor- DOTA   tetraazacyclododecanetetraacetic dinator; distal palmar crease; DNA probe acid chromatography; DNA protein crosslinks DOTC  Dameshek’s oval target cell dpc  days post coitum DOTES  dosage record and treatment- DPCM  differential pulse code modulation emergent symptoms DpCPV  Danaus plexippus cypovirus; Dasy- DOTF  Document Oncology Task Force chira pudibunda cypovirus DOTMA  di-oleoyloxopropyl-trimethylam- DPCRT  double-blind placebo-controlled monium chloride randomized clinical trial DOTS  directly observed therapies; directly DPD  Department of Public Dispensary; de- observed treatment, short course pression pure disease; desoxypyridoxine; dif- DOUBLE  Double Bolus Lytic Efficacy fuse pulmonary disease; diffusion pressure [trial] deficit; diphenamid; Diploma in Public Den- DOUBTFUL  double quantum transition for tistry; direct patient dose finding unresolved lines DPDCH  dedicated physical data channel DOUBTLESS  Doppler and Ultrasound- DPDL  diffuse poorly differentiated lympho- Guided Balloon Therapeutics for Coronary cytic lymphoma Lesions [study] dP/dt  first derivative of pressure measured DOUV  Douglas virus over time DOV  dolphin poxvirus dpdt  double-pole double-throw DOVE  deoxyverrucarol dP/dV  pressure per unit change in DOX  doxorubicin volume Dox  doxorubicin DPE  dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl ethanol- dOxo  2′-deoxyaxanosine amine; dipiperidinoethane; downstream pro- DOX-SL  stealth ribosomal doxorubicin moter element DP  data processing; deep pulse; definitive DPEP  dipeptidase procedure; degradation product; degree of DPF  Dental Practitioners’ Formulary; diiso- polymerization; dementia praecox; dementia propyl fluorophosphate; probability density pugillistica; dendritic peptide; dental pros- function thesis; dental prosthesis; Dermatophagoides DPFC  distal palmar flexion crease pteronyssimus; desmoplakin; dexametha- DPFR  diastolic pressure-flow relationship sone pretreatment; diabetic patient; diastolic DPG  2,3-diphosphoglycerate; displacement pressure; diazepam; diffuse precipitation; placentogram diffusion pressure; digestible protein; di- 2,3-DPG  2,3-diphosphoglycerate phosgene; diphosphate; dipropionate; di- 2,3-DPGM  2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase rectional preponderance; disability pension; DPGN  diffuse proliferative glomerulone- discrimination power; distal pancreatectomy; phritis distal phalanx; distal pit; distopulpal; dock- DPGP  diphosphoglycerate phosphatase ing protein; Doctor of Pharmacy; Doctor of DPH  Department of Public Health; diphen- Podiatry; donor plasma; dorsalis pedis hydramine; diphenylhexatriene; diphenylhy- ΔP  change in pressure dantoin; Diploma in Public Health; Doctor of D/P  dialysate/plasma ratio Public Health; Doctor of Public Hygiene;  122 dopamine beta-hydrolase; ductal papillary dimethylpolysiloxane; Division of Provider hyperplasia Studies; dysesthetic pain syndrome DPhC  Doctor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry dps  decay per second DPhc  Doctor of Pharmacology dpst  double-pole single-throw DPHN  Doctor of Public Health Nursing DPSWF  discrete prolate spheroidal wave DPhys  Diploma in Physiotherapy function DPhysMed  Diploma in Physical Medicine DPT  Demerol, Phenergan, and Thorazine; DPI  daily permissible intake; days post in- dermatopontin; Diabetes Prevention Trial; oculation; dietary protein intake; diphtheria- dichotic pitch discrimination test; diphtheria- pertussis immunization; disposable personal pertussis-tetanus [vaccine]; diphtheritic income; dots per inch; drug prescription pseudotabes; dipropyltryptamine; dual plat- index; dry powder inhaler; Dynamic Person- form technique; dumping provocation test ality Inventory Dpt  house dust mite [Dermatophagoides DPJ  dementia paralytica juvenilis pteronyssinus] DPKC  diagnostic problem-knowledge cou- DPTA  diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid pler DPTI  diastolic pressure time index DPL  diagnostic peritoneal lavage; dipalmi- DPTP  domain protein tyrosine phosphatase toyl lecithin; distopulpolingual D P T P M   diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus- DPLa  distopulpolabial poliomyelitis-measles [vaccine] DPLN  diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis Dptr  diopter DPLS  differentially polarized light scatter- DPTU  diphenylthiourea ing DPUF  Doppler ultrasound flowmeter DPM  Diploma in Psychological Medicine; DPV  Dasychira pudibunda virus; deer pap- discontinue previous medication; Doctor of illomavirus; disabling positional vertigo; Physical Medicine; Doctor of Podiatric Med- mule deer poxvirus icine; Doctor of Preventive Medicine; Doctor DPVS  Denver peritoneovenous shunt of Psychiatric Medicine; dopamine DPW  Department of Public Welfare; distal dpm  disintegrations per minute phalangeal width DPN  dermatosis papulosa nigra; diabetic DQ  deterioration quotient; developmental peripheral neuropathy; diabetic polyneuropa- quotient thy; diphosphopyridine nucleotide; disabling Dq  quasithreshold dose pansclerotic morphea; dorsal parabrachial 3DQCT  three-dimensional quantitative com- nucleus puted tomography DPNB  dorsal penile nerve block DQE  degradation of image quality; detec- DPNH  reduced diphosphopyridine nucleo- tive quantum efficiency tide DQFC  double–quantum filtered correlation DPO  days postovulation; dimethoxyphenyl spectroscopy penicillin; disabled people’s organization DQFC NMR  double–quantum filtered cor- Dpo  oral [per os] dose relation spectroscopy nuclear magnetic reso- DPP  Diabetes Prevention Program; differ- nance ential pulse polarography; digital pulse  DQO  data quality objective plethysmography; dimethylphenylpenicillin; DQP  data quality probe dipeptidylpeptidase; distal photoplethysmog- 3D-QSAR  three-dimensional quantitative raphy; document pattern processing structure-activity relationship dpp  decapentaplegic DR  death receptor; degeneration reaction; DPPC   dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; delayed rectifier; delivery room; deoxyri- double-blind placebo-controlled trial bose; diabetic retinopathy; diagnostic radiol- DPPD  diphenylphenylenediamine ogy; dietary recall; digital radiography; direct DpPHR  duodenum-preserving pancreatic repeat; distal recurrence; distribution ratio; head resection doctor; dopamine receptor; dorsal raphe; dor- DPPITC  diphenyl diphosphoro-isothiocya- sal root; dose ratio; drug receptor; dynamic nate range; dynamic resistance DPR  dietary prevention of recurrent myo- ΔR  additional resistance cardial infarction; drug price review; dy­ Dr  doctor namic perception resolution; dynamic planar dR  deoxyriboside; dextroribose reconstructor dr  dorsal root; drain; dram; dressing DpRV  Diadromus pulchellus reovirus DRA  dextran-reactive antibody; digital rota- DPS  deep pericardial stitch; delayed prima- tional angiography; distal rectal adenocarci- ry suture; descending perineum syndrome; noma; distal reference axis  123 3d-RA  three-dimensional rotational angi- DRI  defibrillation response interval; dis- ography charge readiness inventory; Doppler resistive DRACOG  Diploma of Royal Australian index; dynamic response index College of Obstetricians and Gynaecolo- dRib  deoxyribose gists DRID  double radial immunodiffusion; dou- DRACR  Diploma of Royal Australasian ble radioisotope derivative College of Radiologists DRIN  direct reconstructor interface DRAP  dorsal root action potential DRIP  delirium and drugs, restricted mobility dr ap  dram, apothecary and retention, infection, inflammation and DRASIC  dorsal root ganglion cells acid- impaction, polyuria [mnemonic]; delirium, sensing ion channel restricted mobility, infection, impaction, DRASTIC  Dutch Renal Artery Stenosis In- pharmaceuticals tervention Cooperative Study ΔR,L  additional resistance, lung DRAT  differential rheumatoid agglutination DRL  dorsal root, lumbar; drug-related lupus test D5RL  5% dextrose in Ringer lactate DRB  daunorubicin; dynamic reference basis DRM  digital rights management DRBC  denaturated red blood cell; dog red DRME  Division of Research in Medical blood cell; donkey red blood cell Education DRC  damage risk criterion; daunorubicin; Dr Med  Doctor of Medicine dendritic reticulum cell; diagnostic reporting DRMF  directional recursive median filtering console; digitorenocerebral [syndrome]; DRMS  drug reaction monitoring system DNA repair capacity; dorsal root, cervical; DrMT  Doctor of Mechanotherapy dose-response curve; dynamic range com- DRN  dorsal raphe nucleus pression; dynamic range control DRNDP  diribonucleoside-3′,3′-diphosphate DRCOG  Diploma of Royal College of Ob- DrNP  Doctor of Nursing Practice stetricians and Gynaecologists DRnt  diagnostic roentgenology DRCPath  Diploma of Royal College of Pa- DRO  differential reinforcement of other be- thologists havior; disablement resettlement officer DRCR.net  Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical DRP  digoxin reduction product; dorsal root Research Network potential; drug-related problems; dystrophin- DRD   dihydroxyphenylalanine-responsive related protein dystonia; dorsal root dilator; dystrophia reti- dRp  deoxyribose-phosphate nae pigmentosa-dysostosis [syndrome] dRPase, dRpase  deoxyribophosphodies- DRD2  dopamine D2 receptor terase DRD3  dopamine D3 receptor DrPH  Doctor of Public Health; Doctor of DRD4  dopamine D4 receptor Public Hygiene DRE  damage response element; digital rectal DRPLA  dentorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy examination; dioxin-responsive elements; DRQ  discomfort relief quotient dioxin-responsive enhancer; direct response DRR  digitally reconstructed radiograph; element dorsal root reflex; dysjunction regulator re- DREF  dose rate effectiveness factor gion DREN  Department of Defense Research and ΔR,rs  additional resistance, respiratory Engineering Network system DRES  dynamic random element stimuli DRS  descending rectal septum; diagnostic DRESS  depth-resolved surface-coil spec- review station; diffuse reflectance spectros- troscopy copy; Diltiazem Reinfarction Study; disabil- DREZ  dorsal root entry zone ity rating scale; drowsiness; Duane retraction DRF  daily rating form; daily replacement syndrome; dynamic renal scintigraphy; Dys- factor; Deafness Research Foundation; kinesia Rating Scale digestive-respiratory fistula; dose reduction drsg  dressing factor; dynamic reference frame DRSP  drug-resistant Streptococcus pneu- DR-FFP  donor-retested fresh frozen plasma moniae DRFS  Dundee Rank Factor Score DRST  Delayed Recognition Span Test DRG  diagnosis-related group; Division of DRT  dorsal root, thoracic Research Grants; dorsal respiratory group; 3DRT  three-dimensional radiotherapy dorsal root ganglion; duodenal-gastric reflux 3-DRTP  three dimensional radiation treat- gastropathy ment planning drg  drainage DRUGS  Doctor, Recreational User, Gynae- DrHyg  Doctor of Hygiene cological Sensitivities [study]  124 DRUJ  distal radioulnar joint Dsc  desmocollin DrV  Diplocarpon rosae virus DSCA  double-strand conformation analysis dRVVT  dilute Russell viper venom time DSCCL  diffuse small cleaved cell lymphoma ΔR,w  additional resistance, chest wall DSCF  Doppler-shifted constant frequency DRY  donryu [rat] DSCG  disodium chromoglycate DS  Dahl strain [rat]; dataset; dead air space; DSC-MRI  dynamic susceptibility contrast dead space; decontaminating solution; deep magnetic resonance imaging sedative; deep sleep; defined substrate; dehy- DsCPV  Dendrolimus spectabilis cypovirus droepiandrosterone sulfate; delayed sensitiv- DSCR  developmental self-care requisites ity; dendritic spine; density standard; dental DSCT  dorsal spinocerebellar tract surgery; dermatan sulfate; dermatology and DSCU  dementia special care unit syphilology; desmosome; desynchronized DSD  Déjerine-Sottas disease; depression sleep; Devic syndrome; dexamethasone- spectrum disease; discharge summary dic- spermine; dextran sulfate; dextrose-saline; tated; disorders of sex development; disor- diameter stenosis; diaphragm stimulation; ders of sexual development; dry sterile diastolic murmur; differential stimulus; dif- dressing fuse scleroderma; dilute strength; dioptric DS-DAT  Discomfort Scale for Dementia of strength; direct sequencing; disaster ser- the Alzheimer Type vices; discrimination score; disoriented; dis- DSDDT  double sampling dye dilution tech- seminated sclerosis; dissolved solids; Doctor nique of Science; donor serum; Doppler sonog- dsDNA  double-stranded deoxyribonucleic raphy; double-stranded; double strength; acid double stringency; Down syndrome; Dravet DsDNV  Diatraea saccharalis densovirus syndrome; drug store; dry swallow; Duane DSE  dobutamine stress echocardiography; syndrome; dumping syndrome; duplex scan; Doctor of Sanitary Engineering duration of systole DSG  decision system group; desmoglein; D&S  dermatology and syphilology dry sterile gauze D/S  dextrose/saline Dsg  desmoglein %DS  percent diameter stenosis DSH  deliberate self-harm; dexamethasone- D1S  first year dental student suppressible hyperaldosteronism; dispro- D2S  second year dental student portionate share hospital; dyschromatosis DS2  decontaminating solution 2 symmetrica hereditaria D3S  third year dental student DSHEA  Dietary Supplements Health and D4S  fourth year dental student Education Act D-5-S  5% dextrose in saline solution DSHEFS  Division of Surveillance, Hazard Ds  darmstadtium Evaluations, and Field Studies ds  double stranded DSHR  delayed skin hypersensitivity reac- DSA  Defense Security Agency; density tion spectral array; destructive spondyloarthropa- DSI  deep shock insulin; Depression Status thy; digital subtraction angiography; dynam- Inventory; desmocollin-specific insertion; ic scalable architecture disulfide isomerase; Down Syndrome Inter- DSACT, D-SACT  direct sinoatrial conduc- national; dynamic skeleton interface tion time DSIM  Doctor of Science in Industrial Med- DSAF  Decision Support Access Facility icine DSAP  disseminated superficial actinic poro- DSIP  delta sleep-inducing peptide keratosis DSL  digital subscriber line; distal sensory DSAS  discrete subaortic stenosis latency DSB, dsb  double-strand break DSLAM  digital subscriber line access multi- Dsb  single-breath diffusion capacity plier DSBL  disabled DSLL  diffuse small lymphocytic lymphoma DSBR  double-strand break repair DSL MU distal sensory latency, median- DSBT  donor-specific blood transfusion ulnar DSC  de Sanctis–Cacchione [syndrome]; dslv  dissolve desmocollin; differential scanning calorime- DSM  dextrose solution mixture; Diagnostic try; digital scan converter; disodium chromo- and Statistical Manual [of Mental Disorders]; glycate; Doctor of Surgical Chiropody; digital standard MUMPS [Massachusetts Down syndrome child; dynamic susceptibil- General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming ity contrast System]; Diploma in Social Medicine; drink DSc  Doctor of Science skim milk  125 DSM, dsm  disease-specific mortality DSTY  derived semantic type DSM-III-R  Diagnostic and Statistical Man- DSUH  directed suggestion under hypnosis ual [of Mental Disorders], Third Edition, DSur  Doctor of Surgery Revised DSV  dermal sarcoma virus; Desert Shield DSM-IV  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual virus [of Mental Disorders], Fourth Edition DSVP  downstream venous pressure DSMA  Diet and Stress Management in An- DSWI  deep surgical wound infection gina; disodium monomethanearsonate DT  database tomography; deceleration time; DSMB  Data Safety Monitoring Board decision table; decision tree; defibrillation DSMC  data and safety monitoring commit- threshold; definitive type; delirium tremens; tee dental technician; depression of transmis- DSN  data source name sion; dietetic [services]; dietetic technician; DSNI  deep space neck infection differential technique; digitoxin; diphtheria- DSO  digital storage oscilloscope; distal sub- tetanus [toxoid]; discharge tomorrow; dis- ungual onychomycosis pensing tablet; distance test; dorsalis tibialis; DSORT  discrete stochastic optimization of double tachycardia; duration of tetany; dye radiation therapy test DSP  decreased sensory perception; delayed D/T  date of treatment; total ratio of deaths sleep phase; desmoplakin; diarrheic shellfish dT  deoxythymidine poisoning; dibasic sodium phosphate; digital dt  due to; dystonic signal processing; digital subtraction phle- d/t  due to bography; display; distal sensory polyneu- D3T  1,2-dithiole-3-thione ropathy; Doppler signal processor d4T  stavudine DSPC  disaturated phosphatidylcholine DTA  decision to abort; Dental Trade Alli- DSPCR, DS-PCR  double stringency poly- ance; descending thoracic aorta; differential merase chain reaction thermal analysis; diphtheria toxin A DspIV  Dusona spp. ichnovirus DTaP  diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and DSPN  distal sensory polyneuropathy; distal acellular pertussis [vaccine] symmetric polyneuropathy DTB  dedicated time block DSR  digital subtraction analysis; distal DTBC  D-tubocurarine splenorenal; double simultaneous recording; DTBM  demineralized trabecular bone ma- dynamic spatial reconstructor trix DSRCT  desmoplastic small round cell tumor DTBN  di-tert-butyl nitroxide dsRNA  double-stranded ribonucleic acid DTC  day treatment center; differential thy- DSRS  Dementia Severity Rating Scale; dis- roid carcinoma; direct to consumer; differen- tal splenorenal shunt tial thyroid carcinoma; dithiocarb sodium DSS  decision support system; Dejerine- dTc  D-tubocurarine Sottas syndrome; demographic surveillance DTCD  Diploma in Tuberculosis and Chest site; dengue shock syndrome; dextran sulfate Diseases sodium; digital signature standard; digital DTCH  Diploma in Tropical Child Health storage system; dioctyl sodium sulfosucci- DTD  delivered total dose; desmoglein termi- nate; Disability Status Scale; discrete subaor- nal domain; diastrophic dysplasia; document tic stenosis; docusate sodium; dosage-sensitive type definition sex [reversal]; double simultaneous stimula- DTDase  deoxyuridine triphosphate diphos- tion phohydrolase DSSc  Diploma in Sanitary Science DTDES  dynamic template-driven data entry DSS/DH  digital signature standard/Differ- system Hellman dTDP  deoxythymidine diphosphate DSSEP  dermatomal somatosensory evoked DTE  desiccated thyroid extract potential DTF  deep temporal fascia; detector transfer DSSI  Duke social support index function DSST  digital symbol substitution test D-TGA  dextraposed transposition of great DST  desensitization test; desiccate, sequester, arteries and transport; dexamethasone suppression DTH  delayed-type hypersensitivity; Diplo- test; dihydrostreptomycin; disproportionate ma in Tropical Hygiene septal thickening; donor-specific transfusion; DTH-T  delayed-type hypersensitivity T cell drug susceptibility test; dural sinus thrombosis DTI  diffusion tensor imaging; dipyridamole- Dst+  Dice’s similarity coefficient thallium imaging; direct thrombin inhibitor; DS-TRIEL  Decision Support Trial Eligibility Doppler tissue imaging  126 DTIA  Doppler tissue imaging acceleration DTwP  diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and DTIC  dacarbazine; dimethyltriazenyl imid- whole-cell pertussis vaccine azole carboxamide DTX  dendrotoxin; detoxification; dinophy- DTICH  delayed traumatic intracerebral he- sitoxin matoma; delayed traumatic intracerebral DTZ  diatrizoate hemorrhage DU  decubitus ulcer; density unknown; de- DTIE  Doppler tissue imaging energy oxyuridine; dermal ulcer; diagnosis undeter- D time  dream time mined; diagnostic unit; diazouracil; dog unit; DTIV  Doppler tissue imaging velocity duodenal ulcer; duplex ultrasound; duroxide DtIV  Diadegma terebrans ichnovirus uptake; Dutch [rabbit] DTLA  Detroit Test of Learning Aptitudes dU  deoxyuridine DTM  dermatophyte test medium; Diploma du  dial unit; duplication in Tropical Medicine DUA  dorsal uterine artery DTM&H  Diplomate of Tropical Medicine DUB  dysfunctional uterine bleeding and Hygiene DUCCS  Duke University Clinical Cardiol- DTMP  deoxythymidine monophosphate ogy Study DTMS  Drug Therapy Monitoring System DUDP  Drug Use and Drug Prevention dTMS  double-pulse transcranial magnetic [study] stimulation dUDP  deoxyuridine diphosphate DTN  diphtheria toxin, normal DUE  drug use evaluation DTNB  5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic) acid D1UE  diagonal 1 upper extremity DTO  data terminal operator; deodorized D2UE  diagonal 2 upper extremity tincture of opium DUET  Dispatch Urokinase Efficacy Trial DtoA  digital to analog DUF  Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter; drug use DTP  Demerol, Thorazine, Phenergan; diph- forecast theria-tetanus-pertussis [vaccine]; distal tin- DUFSS  Duke University of North Carolina gling on percussion Functional Social Support [questionnaire] DTPA  diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid DUGV  Dugbe virus DTPa  diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis DUH  dyschromatosis universalis heredi­ [vaccine] taria DTPBw  diphtheria–tetanus–whole-cell per- DUHP  Duke University Health Profile tussis [vaccine] DUI  driving under the influence DTPH  Diploma in Tropical Public Health DUL  diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma dTPM  deoxythymidine monophosphate dulc  sweet [Lat. dulcis] DTR  deep tendon reflex; dietetic technician, dUMP  deoxyuridine monophosphate registered duod  duodenal, duodenum DTRTT  digital temperature recovery time dup  duplication test DU-PAN-2  marker for pancreatic cancer DTS  dense tubular system; diphtheria toxin DUQUES  Duke University quantitative/ sensitivity; distributed time service; donor qualitative evaluation system transfusion, specific; Duke treadmill score DUR  drug use/utilization review DTs  delirium tremens Dur, dur  duration, durating DTT  diagnostic and therapeutic team; diph- DURAC  duration of anticoagulation theria tetanus toxoid; direct transverse trac- DURS  Duane retraction syndrome tion; dithiothreitol DUS  diagnostic ultrasonography; Doppler DTTCI  3,3-diethylthiatricarbocyanamide io- flow ultrasound; dynamic ultrasound of dide shoulder dTTP  deoxythymidine triphosphate 3D-US  three-dimensional ultrasonography DTUS  diathermy, traction, and ultrasound DUSN  diffuse unilateral subacute neuroreti- DTV  desktop videoconferencing; Dioscorea nitis trifida virus DUSOCS  Duke Social Support and Stress DtV  Darna trima virus scale DT-VAC  diphtheria-tetanus vaccine DUSOI  Duke University Severity of Illness DTVM  Diploma in Tropical Veterinary [index] Medicine dut  deoxyuridine triphosphatase DTVMI  developmental test of visual motor DUTCH-TIA  Dutch Transient Ischemic At- integration tack [study] DTVP  developmental test of visual percep- dUTP  deoxyuridine triphosphate tion dUTPase  deoxyuridine triphosphatase  127 DUV  damaging ultraviolet DVT/PE  deep venous thrombosis/pulmo- DUVV  Duvenhage virus nary embolism DV  Datura virus; dependent variable; diag- DW  daily weight; data warehouse; deion- nostic variable; difference in volume; digital ized water; dextrose in water; diffusion vibration; digital video; dilute volume; dis- weighted [imaging]; distilled water; doing temper virus; domestic violence; domiciliary well; dry weight visit; dorsoventral; double vibration; double D/W  dextrose in water vision; ductus venosus; dwarf virus D5W, D5W  5% dextrose in water ΔV  change in volume D10W  10% aqueous dextrose solution 3-DV  three dimensional visualization dw  dwarf [mouse] D&V  diarrhea and vomiting DWA  died from wounds by the action of the dv  double vibrations enemy DVA  Department of Veterans Affairs; devel- DWCE  density-weighted contrast enhance- opmental venous anomaly; distance visual ment acuity; duration of voluntary apnea; vinde- DWD  died with disease sine DWDL  diffuse well-differentiated lympho- DVB  divinylbenzene cytic lymphoma DVC  divanillylcyclohexane; dorsal vagal DWDM  dense wave division multiplexing complex DWECNP  Dr. Welford’s Electronic Chart DVCC  Disease Vector Control Center Notes Program DVCV  Diodia vein chlorosis virus DWI  diffusion-weighted imaging; driving DVD  dissociated vertical deviation while impaired; driving while intoxicated DV&D  Diploma in Venereology and Der- DWL  dry weight liver matology DWM  Dandy-Walker malformation dVDAVP   1-deamine-4-valine- D-arginine DWML  deep white matter lesion vasopressin DWS  Dandy-Walker syndrome; demonstra- DVE  duck virus enteritis tor workstation; disaster warning system DVH  Diploma in Veterinary Hygiene; Divi- DWT  dichotic word test; discrete wavelet sion for the Visually Handicapped; dose vol- transform; dyadic wavelet transform ume histogram dwt  pennyweight DVI  AV sequential [pacemaker]; deep ve- DWV  Dandy-Walker variant nous insufficiency; device independent; dia- DX  dextran; dicloxacillin; DNA region X stolic velocity integral; digital vascular chromosome imaging; digital video interface; Division on Dx, dx  diagnosis Visual Impairments; Doppler velocity index D&X  dilation and extraction DVIS  digital vascular imaging system DXA  dual [energy] x-ray absorptiometry DVIU  direct-vision internal urethrotomy dx cath  diagnostic catheterization DVL  deep vastus lateralis DXD  discontinued DVM  digital voltmeter; Doctor of Veteri- DXM, DXMS  dexamethasone nary Medicine DXP  digital x-ray prototype DVMS  Doctor of Veterinary Medicine and DxPLAIN  Massachusetts General Hospi- Surgery tal’s expert diagnostic system DVN  dorsal vagal nucleus DXPNET  Digital X-Ray Prototype Network 2D-VNQ  two-dimensional N-Quoit filter DXR  deep x-ray [imaging] DXRT  deep x-ray therapy 3D-VNQ  three-dimensional N-Quoit filter DXT  deep x-ray therapy; dextrose [imaging] dXTP  deoxyxanthine triphosphate DVNV  Dendrobium vein necrosis virus Dxx  input delay DVP  deep venous pressure; digital volume Dxy  transfer delay pulse; Doppler velocity profile DY  dense parenchyma DVR  digital vascular reactivity; digital video Dy  dysprosium recorder; direct volume rendering; Doctor of dy  dystrophia muscularis [mouse] Veterinary Radiology; double valve replace- DYLOMMS  dynamic lattice-oriented mo- ment; double ventricular response lecular modeling system DVS  Doctor of Veterinary Science; Doctor dyn  dynamic; dynamometer; dyne of Veterinary Surgery DYNAMO  dynamic decision modeling DVSc  Doctor of Veterinary Science [system] DVT  Danish Verapamil Trial; deep venous dyne/cm  dyne per centimeter thrombosis DYS  dysautonomia  128 dysfx  dysfunction dZ/dt  time-dependent impedance change dysp  dyspnea DZM  dorsal zone of membranelle DZ  diazepam; dizygotic; dizziness DZP  diazepam dZ  impedance change DZPIAR  disordered zona pellucida–induced dz  disease; dozen acrosome reaction  129 Association; enteral alimentation; entero- E anastomosis; enzymatically active; epi- androsterone; episodic ataxia; erythrocyte antibody; erythrocyte antiserum; esophageal atresia; estivoautumnal; ethacrynic acid E/A  early/late diastolic filling ratio; emer- E  air dose; cortisone [compound E]; each; gency admission eating; edema; effects variable; elastance; E&A  evaluate and advise electric charge; electric field vector; elec- Ea  kinetic energy of alpha particles trode potential; electromotive force; electron; Ea  energy of aggregation embyro; emmetropia; encephalitis; endan- ea  each gered [animal]; endogenous; endoplasm; EAA  electroacupuncture analgesia; Epilepsy enema; energy; Entamoeba; enterococcus; Association of America; essential amino enzyme; eosinophil; epicondyle; epineph- acid; excitatory amino acid; extraalveolar air; rine; epithelial, epithelium; error; erythro- extrinsic allergic alveolitis cyte; erythroid; erythromycin; Escherichia; EAAC  excitatory amino acid carrier esophagus; ester; estradiol; ethanol; ethyl; EAAV  equine adeno-associated virus examination; exhalation; expectancy; expect- EAB  elective abortion; Ethics Advisory ed frequency; experiment, experimenter; ex- Board piration; expired air; exposure; external EABV  effective arterial blood volume control [pacemaker]; extract, extracted, ex- EAC  early arthritis clinic; Ehrlich ascites traction; extraction fraction; extralymphatic; carcinoma; electroacupuncture; endocrine- eye; glutamic acid; internal energy; kinetic active compound; epithelioma adenoides energy; mathematical expectation; redox po- cysticum; erythema annulare centrifugum; tential; unit [Ger. Einheit] erythrocyte, antibody, complement; external E-  exa- [1018] auditory canal E-  stereodescriptor to indicate the configu- EACA  epsilon-aminocaproic acid ration at a double bond [Ger. entgegen, op- EACD  eczematous allergic contact derma- posite] titis E*  lesion on the erythrocyte cell membrane EACH  essential access community hospital at the site of complement fixation EACL  European Chapter of the Association E°  standard electrode potential for Computational Linguistics Ē  average beta energy EACSS  European and Australian Coopera- E0  baseline effect; electric affinity tive Stroke Study E1  ubiquitin-activating enzyme EACT  educational activity E1  estrone EAD  early afterdepolarization; Enterprise E-1 to E-33  Human echoviruses 1 to 33 Access Directory; extracranial arterial dis- E2  ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme ease E2  17β-estradiol EA-D  early antigen, diffuse E3  ubiquitin-protein ligase E-ADD  epileptic attention deficit disorder E3  estriol EaDNV  Euxoa auxiliaris densovirus E4  estetrol EADS  early amnion deficit spectrum/syn- 4E  four-plus edema drome e  base of natural logarithms; egg transfer; EAdV  equine adenovirus ejection; electric charge; electron; elementa- EAdV-B  equine adenovirus B ry charge; exchange EAE  ethylaminoethanol; experimental aller- e+  positron gic encephalomyelitis; experimental autoim- e−  negative electron mune encephalitis; experimental autoimmune ε  lowercase Greek letter epsilon; heavy encephalomyelitis chain of IgE; permittivity; specific absorp­ EAEC   enteroadherent/enteroaggregative tivity Escherichia coli η  lowercase Greek letter eta; absolute vis- EAF  eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis cosity EAFT  European Atrial Fibrillation Trial EA  early antigen; educational age; egg albu- EAG  electroarteriography min; electric affinity; electrical activity; elec- EAGAR  Estrogen and Graft Atherosclerosis troacupuncture; electroanesthesia; electronic Research Trial patient record [EPR] attributes; electrophysi- EAggEC  enteroaggregative Escherichia coli ological abnormality; embryonic antibody; EAGLES  Expert Advisory Group on Lan- endocardiographic amplifier; Endometriosis guage Engineering Standards  130 EAHF  eczema, asthma, and hay fever EAVM  extramedullary arteriovenous mal- EAHIL  European Association for Health In- formation formation and Libraries EAVN  enhanced atrioventricular nodal EAHLG  equine antihuman lymphoblast [conduction] globulin EB  elective abortion; electron beam; ele- EAHLS  equine antihuman lymphoblast mentary body; embryoid body; emotional serum behavior; endometrial biopsy; epidermolysis EAI  Emphysema Anonymous, Inc.; erythro- bullosa; Epstein-Barr [virus]; esophageal cyte antibody inhibition body; estradiol benzoate; Evans blue EAK  ethyl amyl ketone Eb  binding energy EAM  episodic ataxia with myokymia; exter- EBA  early bacterial activity; epidermolysis nal acoustic meatus bullosa acquisita; epidermolysis bullosa atro- EAMG  experimental autoimmune myasthe- phicans; extrahepatic biliary atresia; orthoe- nia gravis thoxybenzoic acid EAMI  exercise training in anterior myocar- EBAA  Eye Bank Association of America dial infarction EBC  esophageal balloon catheter EAN  experimental allergic neuritis EBCDIC  Extended Binary Coded Decimal EAO  experimental allergic orchiitis Interchange Code EAP  electric acupuncture; electroactive EBCP  evidence-based clinical practice polymer; employee assistance program; epi- EBCT  electron-beam computed tomography allopregnanolone; Epstein-Barr–associated EBD  epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica protein; erythrocyte acid phosphatase; EBDA  effective balloon dilated area evoked action potential EBDC  ethylene bisdithiocarbamate; evi- EAPV  early/atrial peak velocity ratio dence-based health care EAQ  eudismic affinity quotient EBDCT  epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, EAR  European Association of Radiology Cockayne Touraine [type] EA-R  early antigen, restricted EBDD  epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Ea R  reaction of degeneration [Ger. Entar- dominant tungs-Reaktion] EBDR  epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, EARHA  East Anglian Regional Health Au- recessive thority EBE  Excluder bifurcated endoprosthesis EARR  extended aortic root replacement EBER  Epstein-Barr–encoded RNA EARS  European Atherosclerosis Research EBF  erythroblastosis fetalis; exclusive breast- Study feeding EAS  Edinburgh Artery Study; emergency E-BFU  erythroid blood-forming unit ambulance service; endarterectomized aortic EBG  electroblepharogram, electroblepha- segment; European Atherosclerosis Society rography EASI  eczema area and severity index; emo- EBH  epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria; tionality, activity, sociability, impulsivity evidence-based health care [scale]; European Antiplatelet Stent Investi- EBHC  evidence-based health care gation; European applications in surgical in- EBI  emetine bismuth iodide; erythroblastic terventions; extraamniotic saline infusion island; estradiol binding index; European EAST  Eastern Association for the Surgery of Bioinformatics Institute; external beam irra- Trauma; elevated-arm stress test; Emory An- diation gioplasty vs. Surgery Trial; external rotation, EBIF  emotional behavioral index form abduction stress test EBIORT, EB-IORT  electron beam intraop- EASY  European Prototype for Integrated erative radiotherapy Care [EPIC] assessment system EBK  embryonic bovine kidney EAT  Eating Attitudes Test; Ehrlich ascites EBL  erythroblastic leukemia; estimated tumor; electroaerosol therapy; epidermoly- blood loss sis acuta toxica; experimental autoimmune eBL  endemic Burkitt lymphoma thymitis; experimental autoimmune thy- EBL/S  estimated blood loss during surgery roiditis EBLV  European bat lyssavirus EATB  European Association of Tissue EBM  electrophysiologic behavior modifica- Banks tion; epidermal basement membrane; epider- EATC  Ehrlich ascites tumor cell molysis bullosa, macular type; evidence-based EAV  entity-attribute-value [model]; equine medicine; expressed breast milk abortion virus; equine arteritis virus EBMS  Engineering and Biology in Medi- EAVC  enhanced atrioventricular conduction cine Society  131 EBMT  European Group for Blood and Mar- ECA  electrical control activity; electrocardio­ row Transplantation analyzer; endothelial cell antibody; endo- EBMTR  European Bone Marrow Transplan- thelial cytotoxic activity; enterobacterial tation Registry common antigen; epidemiologic catchment EBMWG  Evidence-Based Medicine Work- area; esophageal carcinoma; ethacrynic acid; ing Group ethylcarboxylate adenosine; external carotid EBN  evidence-based nursing artery EBNA  Epstein-Barr virus–associated nucle- ECa  calcium reversal potential ar antigen ECAA  European Concerted Action on Anti- EBO  Ebola [disease, virus] coagulation [study] EBOB  4′-ethynyl-4-n-propyl-bicycloortho- E-CABG  endarterectomy and coronary ar- benzoate tery bypass graft E/BOD  electrolyte biochemical oxygen ECAC  epidermoid carcinomas of the anal demand canal; European Collection of Animal Cell EBO-R  Ebola Reston virus Cultures; expiratory central airway collapse EBOV  Ebola virus ECaC  epithelial calcium channel EBP  error-back propagation; estradiol- E-CAD  E-cadherin binding protein ECAF  extension corner avulsion fracture EbpS  elastin-binding protein of Staphylo- ECAO  enteric cytopathogenic Avian orphan coccus aureus [virus] EBRI  Employee Benefit Research Institute ECAP  European Concerted Action Project EBRT  electron beam radiotherapy; external ECAQ  Elderly Cognitive assessment Ques- beam radiation therapy tionnaire EBS  elastic back strap; electric brain stimu- ECASS  European Cooperative Acute Stroke lation; Emergency Bed Service; epidermoly- Study sis bullosa simplex ECAT  emission computer-assisted tomogra- EBSS  Earle’s balanced salt solution phy; European Concerted Action on Throm- EBT  electron beam tomography; external bosis and Disabilities [study] beam therapy ECAT AP  European Concerted Action on EBV  effective blood volume; Egypt bee Thrombosis: Angina Pectoris [study] virus; Epstein-Barr virus; estimated blood ECBD  exploration of common bile duct volume ECBO  enteric cytopathogenic bovine or- EBv  Epstein-Barr virus phan [virus] EBVS  Epstein-Barr virus susceptibility ECBS  Expert Committee on Biological EBZ  epidermal basement zone Standardization EC  effective concentration; ejection click; ECBT  enhanced cognitive behavior therapy electrochemical; electron capture; embryo- ECBV  effective circulating blood volume nal carcinoma; emergency center; emer- ECC  electrocorticogram, electrocorticogra- gency contraception; endemic cretinism; phy; electronic claim capture; embryonal cell endocrine cells; endothelial cell; energy carcinoma; emergency cardiac care; emer- charge; enteric coating; entering complaint; gency care center; encoding combinatorial enterochromaffin; entorhinal cortex; Enzyme chemistry; endocervical cone; endocervical Commission; epidermal cell; epirubicin/ curettage; Erlangen Cancer Center; error cor- cyclophosphamide; epithelial cell; epithelial rection code; estimated creatinine clearance; component; equalization-cancellation; error external cardiac compression; extracorporeal correction; Escherichia coli; esophageal circulation carcinoma; ethics committee; ethyl chloride; ECCE  Effects of Captopril on Cardiopulmo- excitation-contraction; experimental control; nary Exercise [study]; extracapsular cataract expiratory center; extended care; exterior extraction coat; external carotid [artery]; external con- ECCI  electronic clinical communication im- jugate; extracellular; extracellular concentra- plementation tion; extracorporeal; extracranial; eye care; ECCL  encephalocraniocutaneous lipomato- eyes closed sis E-C  ether-chloroform ECCLS  European Committee for Clinical E/C  endocystoscopy; enteric-coated; estro- Laboratory Standards gen/creatinine ratio ECCO  enteric cytopathogenic cat orphan EC50  median effective concentration [virus]; European Culture Collection Organi- Ec  ectoconchion; entorhinal cortex sation e/c  enteric coated ECCO2  extracorporeal carbon dioxide  132 ECCOMAC  European Concerted Commu- ECIB  extracorporeal irradiation of blood nity Action Programmes EC/IC  extracranial/intracranial ECCO2R  extracorporeal carbon dioxide re- ECICD  European Consortium for Intensive moval Care Data ECD  early child development; ectrodactyly; ECIL  extracorporeal irradiation of lymph electrochemical detection, electrochemical ECIS  equipment control information system detector; electron capture detector; emer- ECK  extracellular potassium gency call device; endocardial cushion de- ECL  electrochemoluminescent; emitter-cou- fect; enzymatic cell dispersion; equivalent pled logic; enterochromaffin-like [cell]; eu- current dipole; Erdheim-Chester disease; eth- globin clot lysis ylcysteinate dimer; extended criteria donor; ECLAP  European Collaboration on Low- external cardioverter-defibrillator; external Dose Aspirin in Polycythemia Vera continence device; extracellular domain; ex- ECLAT  European Community and Latin tracranial Doppler sonography American Network on Biology and Control ECDC  Escherichia coli Database Collection of Triatomines E/CDK  cyclin E–dependent kinase ECLiPS  encoded combinatorial libraries on ECDO  enteric cytopathic dog orphan [virus] polymeric support ECE  equine conjugated estrogen; extracap- ECLRS  electronic clinical laboratory report- sular extension ing system ECEO  enteric cytopathogenic equine orphan ECLS  extracorporeal life support [virus] ECM  electronic claims management; embry- ECETOC  European Centre for Ecotoxicity onic chick muscle; erythema chronicum  and Toxicology of Chemicals migrans; experimental cerebral malaria; ex- ECF  effective capillary flow; eosinophilic pression of extracellular matrix; external  chemotactic factor; enhanced tuberculosis cardiac massage; extracellular material; ex- case finding; erythroid colony formation; tracellular matrix Escherichia coli filtrate; ethyl chloroformate; ECML  extracellular membrane layer extended care facility; extracellular fluid; ex- ECMO  enteric cytopathic monkey orphan tracytoplasmic function [virus]; extracorporeal membrane oxygen- ECFA, ECF-A  eosinophilic chemotactic fac- ation tor of anaphylaxis ECN  equipment control number ECFC  eosinophilic chemotactic factor com- ecNOS  endothelial cell nitric oxide syn- plement thase ECFMG  Educational Commission for For- ECO  Pan-American Center for Human Ecol- eign Medical Graduates; Educational Coun- ogy and Health cil for Foreign Medical Graduates E co  Escherichia coli ECFMS  Educational Council for Foreign ECochG  electrocochleography Medical Students ECOG  Eastern Cooperative Oncology E-CFU  erythroid colony-forming unit Group ECFV  extracellular fluid volume ECoG  electrocorticogram, electrocortico­ ECFVD  extracellular fluid volume depletion graphy ECG  electrocardiogram, electrocardiogra- E COLI  eighth nerve action potential, co- phy chlear nucleus, olivary complex (superior), ECGF  endothelial cell growth factor lateral lemniscus, inferior colliculus [hear- ECGS  endothelial cell growth supplement ing test] ECH  educator contact hour E coli  Escherichia coli ECHO  echocardiography; enteric cytopathic ECP  ectrodactyly–cleft palate [syndrome]; human orphan [virus]; Etoposide, cyclophos- effective conduction period; effector cell pre- phamide, Adriamycin, and vincristine cursor; electronic claims processing; emer- EchoCG  echocardiography gency care provider; endocardial potential; Echo-Eg  echoencephalography endoscopic calcaneoplasty; entry control Echo-VM  echoventriculometry point; eosinophil cationic protein; erythro- ECHRA  electronic health care record archi- cyte coproporphyrin; erythroid committed tecture precursor; Escherichia coli polypeptide; es- ECHSCP  Exeter Community Health Ser- tradiol cyclopentane propionate; external vices Computer Project cardiac pressure; external counterpulsation; ECI  electrocerebral inactivity; eosinophil extracellular protein; extracorporeal photo- chemotaxis index; eosinophilic cytoplasmic chemotherapy; free cytoporphyrin of eryth- inclusions; extracorporeal irradiation rocytes  133 ECPA  Electronic Communication Privacy ECW  extracellular water Act ED  early death; early decision; early differ- ECPO  enteric cytopathic porcine orphan entiation; ectodermal dysplasia; ectopic de- [virus] polarization; effective dose; Ehlers-Danlos ECPOG  electrochemical potential gradient [syndrome]; elbow disarticulation; electrodi- ECPR  external cardiopulmonary resuscita- alysis; electron density; electron diffraction; tion elemental diet; embedding dimension; em- ECR  effectiveness/cost ratio; electrocardio- bryonic death; emergence delirium; emer- graphic response; emergency care research; gency department; emotional disorder, emergency chemical restraint; European emotionally disturbed; end diastole; endo- Congress of Radiology; extensor carpi ra- crine disruptor; energy diversive [radiology]; dialis enteric drainage; entering diagnosis; Entner- ECRB  extensor carpi radialis brevis Doudoroff [pathway]; enzyme deficiency; ECRHS  European Community Respiratory epidural; epileptiform discharge; equine der- Health Survey mis [cells]; erectile dysfunction; erythema ECRI  Emergency Care Research Institute dose; ethyl dichlorarsine; ethynodiol; event ECRL  extensor carpi radialis longus definition; evidence of disease; exertional ECRLAB  extracorporeal right-to-left atrium dyspnea; exponential distribution; extensive bypass disease; extensor digitorum; external diame- ECRO  enteric cytopathogenic rodent orphan ter; extra-low dispersion [virus] E-D  ego defense; Ehlers-Danlos [syndrome] ECR-SCSI  European Committee for Recom- ED01  effective dose, 1% response mendation–Standard on Computer Aspects ED50  median effective dose of Diagnostic Imaging ED99  effective dose, 99% response ECS  elective cosmetic surgery; electrocere- Ed  depth dose bral silence; electroconvulsive shock; electro- ed  edema shock; endocannabinoid system; endocervical EDA  ectodermal dysplasia, anhidrotic; elec- swab; endothelial cells; extracapsular spread; trodermal activity; electrodermal audiome- extracellular solids; extracellular space try; electrolyte-deficient agar; electron  ECSG  European Cooperative Study Group donor acceptor; electronic design automa- ECSO  enteric cytopathic swine orphan tion; end-diastolic area; exploratory data [virus] analysis ECSP  epidermal cell surface protein EDAC  1-ethyl-3-diethylaminopropyl car- ECSS  European Coronary Surgery Study bodiimide; excessive dynamic airway col- ECST  European Carotid Surgery Trial lapse ECSURF  economic evaluation of surfac- EDAM  electron-dense amorphous material tant EDAP  emergency department approved for ECSYSVAS  European Community System- pediatrics ic Vasculitis [trials] EDAX  energy dispersive x-ray analysis ECT  electroconvulsive therapy; emission EDB  early dry breakfast; electron-dense computed tomography; enteric coated tablet; body; Enrollment Database; ethylene dibro- euglobulin clot test; European compression mide; expert database; extended definition technique beta; extensor digitorum brevis ect  ectopic, ectopy EDBP  erect diastolic blood pressure ECTA  esophageal gastric tube airway; Ev- EDC  electronic data capture; emergency de- eryman’s Contingency Table Analysis contamination center; end-diastolic count; EC-TEOLA  epichlorohydrin-triethanolamine endocrine-disrupting chemical; endocrine- ECTR  endoscopic carpal tunnel release disrupting compound; estimated date of con- ECTV  ectromelia virus ception; ethylene dichloride; expected date of ECU  environmental control unit; extended confinement; expected delivery, cesarean; care unit; extensor carpi ulnaris extensor digitorum communis ECV  endocardial volume; enteric calicivi- ED&C  electrodesiccation and curettage rus; epithelial cell vacuolization; extracellu- EDCF  endothelium-derived contracting factor lar volume; extracorporeal volume EDCI  energetic dynamic cardiac insufficiency EcV  Euploea corea virus EDCP  eccentric dynamic compression plate ECVA  extracranial vertebral artery EDCS  end-diastolic chamber stiffness; end- ECVAM  European Centre for the Validation diastolic circumferential stress of Alternative Methods EDc(V)  extrapolated dose converted (vol- ECVD  extracellular volume of distribution ume)  134 EDD  effective drug duration; electron dense EDOU  emergency department observation deposit; end-diastolic dimension; esophageal unit detection device; estimated due date; expect- EDP  electron dense particle; electronic data ed date of delivery processing; end-diastolic pressure EDDA  expanded duty dental auxiliary EDQ  extensor digiti quinti EDDS  electronic development delivery EDR  early diastolic relaxation; effective system direct radiation; electrodermal response; EDE  effective dose equivalent electronic death reporting; endothelium-de- EDECS  emergency department expert chart- pendent relaxation; equianalgesic dose ratio ing system EDRES  Effects of Debulking on Restenosis edent  edentia, edentulous [trial] EDF  edge response function; eosinophil dif- EDRF  endothelium-derived relaxing factor ferentiation factor; erythroid differentiation EDRM  emergency department readmission factor; extradural fluid monitor EDG  electrodermography EDS  edema disease of swine; egg drop syn- EDGE  Evaluation of Dispatch Catheter for drome; Ehlers-Danlos syndrome; electronic Vein Graft Revascularization decision support; Emery-Dreifuss syn- EDH  epidural hematoma drome; energy-dispersive spectrometry; epi- EDHEP  European Donor Hospital Educa- gastric distress syndrome; essential dataset; tion Program excessive daytime sleepiness; extradimen- EDHF  endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing sional shift factor EDSR  electronic document storage and re- EDI  eating disorder inventory; electronic trieval data interchange; estimated daily intake EDSS  expanded disability status scale EDIC  Echocardiography Dobutamine Inter- EDT  end-diastolic thickness; erythrocyte national Cooperative Study; Epidemiology density test of Diabetes Intervention and Complica- EDTA  ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid tions EDTMP  ethylenediamine tetramethylene EDIM  epizootic diarrhea of infant mice phosphoric acid E-diol  estradiol EDTR  emergency department–based trauma EDIT  Early Defibrillator Implantation Trial; response Early Diabetes Intervention Trial EDTU  emergency diagnostic and treatment EDJT  endoluminal duodenojejunal tube unit EDK  energy deposition kernel Educ  education EDL  end-diastolic length; end-diastolic load; EDV  end-diastolic volume; endothelium- Essential Drug List; estimated date of labor; dependent vasodilation; epidermodysplasia extensor digitorum longus verruciformis ED/LD  emotionally disturbed and learning ED(V)  extrapolated dose (volume) disabled EDVI  end-diastolic volume index ED LOS  emergency department length of EDVX  X-linked epidermodysplasia verruci- stay formis EDM  early diastolic murmur; electro- EDWTH  end-diastolic wall thickness discharge machining; electron density map; EDX, EDx  electrodiagnosis esophageal Doppler monitoring; Essential EDXA  energy-dispersive x-ray analysis Drugs and Medicines; extramucosal duode- Edyn,l  dynamic elastance, lung nal myotomy Edyn,rs  dynamic elastance, respiratory EDMA  ethylene glycol dimethacrylate; Eu- system clidean distance matrix analysis Edyn,w  dynamic elastance, chest wall EDMD  emergency physician; Emery-Drei- EE  electronic encyclopedia; embryo extract; fuss muscular dystrophy end to end; end expiration; energy expendi- EDN  electrodesiccation; eosinophil-derived ture; Enterobacteriaceae enrichment; eosin- neurotoxin ophilic esophagitis; equine encephalitis; EDNA  Emergency Department Nurses As- ethinyl estradiol; expressed emotion; exter- sociation nal ear; eye and ear EDNF  endogenous digitalis-like natriuretic E-E  erythema-edema factor E&E  eye and ear EDNOS  eating disorder not otherwise EEA  electroencephalic audiometry; end-to- specified end anastomosis; expanded endonasal ap- EDOC  estimated date of confinement proach  135 EEact  energy expenditure due to physical ac- endothoracic fascia; endurance factor; eosin- tivity ophilic fasciitis; epithelial focus; equivalent EEC  ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, focus; erythroblastosis fetalis; erythrocyte clefting [syndrome]; enteropathogenic Esch- fragmentation; escalation factor; executive erichia coli function; exposure factor; extended field; EECD  endothelial-epithelial corneal dystro- extra fine; extrinsic factor phy Ef  free enzyme EECG  electroencephalography EF-1α  elongation factor 1-alpha EECP  enhanced external counterpulsation EFA  Epilepsy Foundation of America; es- EED  experimental emergency department sential fatty acid; extrafamily adoptee EEE  eastern equine encephalitis; eastern EFAD  essential fatty acid deficiency equine encephalomyelitis; experimental en- EFAP  employee and family assistance terococcal endocarditis; external eye exami- program nation EFAS  embryofetal alcohol syndrome EEEP  end-expiratory esophageal pressure EFC  elastin fragment concentration; endog- EEEV  eastern equine encephalitis virus enous fecal calcium; ephemeral fever of EEG  electroencephalogram, electroencepha- cattle lography EFCC  European Federation of Coding EEGA  electroencephalographic audiometry Centres EEG-CSA  electroencephalography with com- EFD  estimated fluid deficit puterized spectral analysis EFDA  expanded function dental assistant EEGL  emergency exposure guidance level; EFE  endocardial fibroelastosis low-voltage electroencephalography EFERF  Enalapril Felodipine Extended Re- EEGV1  electroencephalographic variant lease Factorial Study pattern 1 EFF  electromagnetic field focusing EEHS  emergency evacuation hyperbaric eff  effect; efferent; efficiency; effusion stretcher effect  effective EEL  environmental exposure limit effer  efferent EELS  electron energy loss spectroscopy EFFU  epithelial focus-forming unit EELV  end-expiratory lung volume EF-G  elongation factor G EEM  ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, EFH  explosive follicular hyperplasia macular dystrophy [syndrome]; erythema EFICAT  Ejection Fraction in Carvedilol- exudativum multiforme treated Transplant Candidates [study] EEMCO  European Group for Efficacy Mea- EFL  effective focal length surements on Cosmetics and Other Topical EFM  elderly fibromyalgia; electronic fetal Products monitoring; electrostatic force microscopy; EEME, EE3ME  ethinylestradiol-3-methyl external fetal monitor ether EFMI  European Federation for Medical In- EEMG  evoked electromyogram formatics EENT  eye, ear, nose, and throat EFORT  exogenous follicle-stimulating hor- EEP  end-expiratory pressure; equivalent ef- mone ovarian reserve test fective photon EFP  early follicular phase; effective filtra- EEPI  extraretinal eye position information tion pressure; endoneural fluid pressure EER  electroencephalographic response; ex- EFPO  Educating Future Physicians for tended entity relationship; extraesophageal Ontario reflex EFR  effective filtration rate EES  erythromycin ethylsuccinate; ethyl eth- EFRT  extended field radiotherapy anesulfate EFS  earliest finishing shift; electric field EESG  evoked electrospinogram stimulation; European Fraxiparin Study; EET  epoxyeicosatrienoic [acid] event-free survival EEV  endocardial ventriculotomy; equine en- EFSA  European Food Safety Authority cephalitis virus; equine encephalosis virus; EFT  Embedded Figures Test; emotional free- extracellular enveloped virus dom technique EEV 1 to 7  equine encephalosis viruses 1 EFTR  endoscopic full-thickness skin graft to 7 resection EF  ectopic focus; edema factor; ejection EF-Tu  [prokaryotic] elongation factor Tu fraction; elastic fibril; electric field; elonga- EFV  extracellular fluid volume tion factor; embryo-fetal; embryo fibroblasts; EFVC  expiratory flow-volume curve emergency facility; encephalitogenic factor; EFW  estimated fetal weight  136 EFZ  efavirenz EGTA  esophageal gastric tube airway; EG  electrogram; enteroglucagon; eosino- ethyleneglycol-bis-(β-aminoethylether)- philic granuloma; Erb-Goldflam [syndrome]; N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid esophagogastrectomy; esophagogastric; eth- EGTCSA  epilepsy with generalized tonic- ylene glycol; external genitalia clonic seizures on awakening eg, e.g. for example [Lat. exempli EGTM  European Group on Tumor Markers gratia] EG-VEGF/Prok-1  endocrine gland–de- EGA  enhanced graphics adaptation; esti- rived vascular endothelial growth factor/ mated gestational age prokineticin-1 EGAD  Expressed Gene Anatomy Database EH  enlarged heart; epidermal hyperplasia; EGALITÉ  Ensuring Global Access to Links, epidermolytic hyperkeratosis; epidural he- Information and Technology to Promote Eq- matoma; epoxide hydratase; esophageal  uity in Health hiatus; essential hypertension; external hy- EGBUS  external genitalia, Bartholin, ure- peralimentation thral, Skene glands E/H, E&H  environment and heredity EGC  early gastric cancer; epithelioid- Eh  redox potential globoid cell eh  enlarged heart EGD  esophagogastroduodenoscopy EHA  Emotional Health Anonymous; Envi- EGDF  embryonic growth and development ronmental Health Agency factor EHAA  epidemic hepatitis–associated anti- EGDT  early goal-directed therapy gen EGF  early graft failure; endothelial growth EHB  elevate head of bed factor; epidermal growth factor EHBA  extrahepatic biliary atresia EGFP, eGFP  extended green fluorescent pro- EHBD  extrahepatic bile duct tein EHBF  estimated hepatic blood flow; exer- EGFR, EGF-R  epidermal growth factor re- cise hyperemia blood flow; extrahepatic ceptor blood flow eGFR  estimated glomerular filtration rate EHC  enterohepatic circulation; enterohe- EGF-URO  epidermal growth factor, uro- patic clearance; essential hypercholester- gastrone olemia; ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride; EGG  electrogastrogram, electrogastrogra- extended health care; extrahepatic cholesta- phy; electroglottogram sis EGH  equine growth hormone EHCR  electronic health care record EGHIN  Ellen Gartenfeld Health Informa- EHCW  emergency health care worker tion Network EHD  electrohemodynamics; epizootic hem- EGIR  European Group for the Study of In- orrhagic disease sulin Resistance EHDP  ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphate EGJ  esophagogastric junction EHDV  epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus EGL  eosinophilic granuloma of the lung EHEC  enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli EGLT  euglobin lysis time EHF  epidemic hemorrhagic fever; exoph- EGM  electrogram; extracellular granular thalmos-hyperthyroid factor; extremely high material frequency EGME  ethylene glycol monomethyl ether EHG  electrohysterogram, electrohysterog- EGN  experimental glomerulonephritis raphy EGNB  enteric gamma-negative bacteria EHH  esophageal hiatal hernia EGOT  erythrocytic glutamic oxaloacetic EHI  employer’s health insurance; environ- transaminase mental health indicator EGR  early growth response; erythema gyra- EHIA  environmental health impact assess- tum repens ment E-GR  erythrocyte glutathione reductase EHIBCC  European Health Industry Business EGR-2  early growth response protein 2 Communications Council EGRA  equilibrium-gated radionuclide angi- EHIV  exposure to human immunodeficien- ography cy virus EGRAC  erythrocyte glutathione reductase EHK  epidermolytic hyperkeratosis activity coefficient EHL  effective half-life; electrohydraulic EGS  electrogalvanic stimulation; electron lithotripsy; endogenous hyperlipidemia; En- gamma shower; external guide sequence vironmental Health Laboratory; essential EGT  ethanol gelation test hyperlipemia; extensor hallucis longus  137 EHM  extrahepatic metastases EID  ecological interface design; egg infec- EHME  employee health maintenance exami- tious dose; electroimmunodiffusion; emer- nation gency infusion device EHMS  electrohemodynamic ionization mass EIDE  enhanced integrated drive electronics spectometry EIEC  enteroinvasive Escherichia coli EHNA  9-erythro-2-(hydroxy-3-nonyl) ade- EIEE  early infantile epileptic encephalopathy nine EIES  Electronic Information Exchange EHNV  epizootic hematopoietic necrosis System virus EIF, eIF  erythrocyte initiation factor; eu- EHO  environmental health officer; extrahe- karyotic initiation factor patic obstruction eIF4E  eukaryotic initiation factor 4E EHP  di-(2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen phosphate; EIHDW  Evaluation of Ischemic Heart Dis- electron hole pair; Environmental Health ease in Women [study] Perspectives; excessive heat production; ex- EII  electrical impedance imaging trahigh potency EIM  elastic image matching; equity imple- EHPAC  Emergency Health Preparedness mentation model; excitability-inducing ma- Advisory Committee terial EHPH  extrahepatic portal hypertension EIMS  electron ionization mass spectrometry EHPT  Eddy hot plate test EINECS  European Inventory of Existing EHQ  Eating Habits Questionnaire Commercial Chemical Substances EHR  electronic health care record; extended- EINet  Emerging Infections Network high rate EIO  European Institute of Oncology EHS  environmental health and safety EIP  Emerging Infections Program; end- EHSDS  experimental health services deliv- expiratory pause; ethylisopropylamiloride; ery system extensor indicis proprius EHT  electrohydrothermoelectrode; essential EIPS  endogenous inhibitor of prostaglandin hypertension synthase EHV  Edge Hill virus; electric heart vec- eIPV  enhanced inactivated poliomyelitis tor; epidermal hyperplasia virus; equid vaccine herpesvirus EIRnv  extra incidence rate of nonvaccinated EHVT  Edinburgh Heart Valve Trial groups EI  earliness index; Edmonton injector; EIRP  effective isotropic radiated power electrical injury; electrolyte imbalance; EIRv  extra incidence in vaccinated groups electron impact; electron ionization; emo- EIS  Environmental Impact Statement; Epi- tionally impaired; energy index; energy in- demic Intelligence Service; European Infarc- take; enzyme inhibitor; eosinophilic index; tion Study Evans index; excretory index; exercise  EIT  electrical impedance tomography; ery- induced throid iron turnover E/I  expiration/inspiration ratio EIU  enzyme immunoassay unit EI  ionic reversal potential EIV  equine influenza virus; external iliac e-I  early inspiratory vein EIA  electroimmunoassay; enzyme immuno- EIW  electronic information warehouse assay; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; EJ  elbow jerk; external jugular equine infectious anemia; erythroimmuno- EJB  ectopic junctional beat assay; excessive inappropriate aggression; EJM  epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic exercise-induced anaphylaxis; exercise- EJP  excitation junction potential induced asthma; external iliac artery EJV  external jugular vein EIAB  extracranial-intracranial arterial by- EK  enterokinase; erythrokinase pass EK  potassium equilibrium potential; potassi- EIAV  equine infectious anemia virus um reversal potential EIB  electrophoretic immunoblotting; eosin- Ek  kinetic energy ophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion body; EKC  epidemic keratoconjunctivitis exercise-induced bronchospasm EKF  extended Kalman filtering EIC  elastase inhibition capacity; enzyme in- EKG  electrocardiogram, electrocardiogra- hibition complex; extensive intraductal carci- phy noma; extensive intraductal component EKLF  erythroid Krüppel-like factor EICESS  European Intergroup Cooperative EKS  epidemic Kaposi sarcoma Ewing Sarcoma Study EKV  erythrokeratodermia variabilis  138 EKY  electrokymogram, electrokymography ELMCV  El Moro Canyon virus EL  early latent; elbow; electroluminescence; ELMP  expertise-led medical protocol erythroleukemia; exercise limit; external ELN  elastin; electronic noise lamina ELND  elective lymph node dissection El  elastase; explanation library ELOD  expected average load [score] el  elixir ELOP  estimated length of program ELA  elastase; elastomer-lubricating agent; ELOS  estimated length of stay endotoxin-like activity ELP  elastaselike protein; endogenous limbic ELAD  extracorporeal liver assist device potential; exogenous lipoid pneumonia ELAM  endothelial leukocyte adhesion ELPS  excessive lateral pressure syndrome molecule ELR  electronic laboratory reporting ELAS  extended lymphadenopathy syndrome ELRA  European Language Resources ELAT  Embolism in Left Atrial Thrombi Agency [study] ELS  Eaton-Lambert syndrome; electron loss ELAV  embryonic lethal, abnormal vision spectroscopy; emergency life support; enzy- ELB  early, light breakfast; elbow matic labile site; extended least squares;  elb  elbow extensive limb swelling; extralobar seques- ELBW  extremely low birth weight tration; extremely low frequency ELCA  Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty ELSA  European Lacidipine Study on Ath- [registry] erosclerosis; European Longitudinal Study ElCPV  Eriogaster lanestris cypovirus on Aging ELD  egg lethal dose ELSI  ethical, legal, and social issues ELDH  extraforaminal lumbar disk hernation ELSS  emergency life support system elec  electric, electricity ELST  endolymphatic sac tumor elect  elective; electuary ELT  endless loop tachycardia; euglobulin ELECTZ  electrosurgical loop excision of the lysis time cervical transformation zone ELV  enterolike virus; environmental limit ELEM  equine leukoencephalomalacia value; erythroid leukemia virus elem  elementary ELVD  Exercise in Left Ventricular Dysfunc- elev  elevated, elevation, elevator tion [trial] ELF  elective low forceps; extremely low fre- ELVD-CHF  Exercise in Left Ventricular quency Dysfunction and Chronic Heart Failure [trial] ELG  eligibility elx  elixir ELH  egg-laying hormone EM  early memory; ejection murmur; elec- ELHE  Evaluation of Losartan in Hemodialy- tromagnetic; electron micrograph; electron sis [study] microscope, electron microscopy; electro- ElHV  elephantid herpesvirus phoretic mobility; Embden-Meyerhof [path- ELI  exercise lability index way]; emergency management; emergency ELIA  enzyme-linked immunoassay medicine; emmetropia; emotional disorder, eLib  electronic library emotionally disturbed; end of memory; ergo- ELICT  enzyme-linked immunocytochemical novine maleate; erythema migrans; erythema technique multiforme; erythrocyte mass; erythromycin; ELIEDA  enzyme-linked immunoelectron esophageal manometry; esophageal motility; diffusion assay estramusine; expectation maximization [al- ELIOT  electron intraoperative therapy gorithm]; extensive metabolizer; extracellu- ELIRA  enzyme-linked immunoreceptor lar matrix assay E-M  expectation maximization ELISA  enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay E/M  electron microscope, electron micros- ELISK  excimer laser intrastromal keratomi- copy; evaluation and management leusis E&M  endocrine and metabolic; evaluation ELITE  Evaluation of Losartan in the Elderly and management [study] Em  emmetropia ELIV  Ellidaey virus Em  midpoint redox potential elix  elixir EMA  electronic microanalyzer; emergency ELL  elongation factor homologous to mixed management agency; emergency medical  lineage leukemia assistance; emergency medical assistant; ELLV  Ellidaey virus emergency medical attendant; endothelial ELM  external limiting membrane; extravas- monocyte antigen; epithelial membrane anti- cular lung mass gen; extramural absorber  139 EMAB  endothelial monocyte antigen B EMG(int)  integrated electromyographic EMAP  Environmental Monitoring and As- [value] sessment Program; evoked muscle action EMGN  extramembranous glomerulone- potential phritis Emax  maximum effect; maximum energy EMG/NCV  electromyography/nerve con- EMB  embryology; endomyocardial biopsy; duction velocity [test] engineering in medicine and biology; eosin- EMI  electromagnetic immunity; electromag- methylene blue; ethambutol; explosive men- netic interference; emergency medical infor- tal behavior mation emb  embolism; embryo; embryology EMIAT  European Myocardial Infarction EMBASE  Excerpta Medica Database Amiodarone Trial; European Myocardial In- EMBL  European Molecular Biology Labo- farction Arrhythmia Trial ratory EMIC  emergency maternal and infant care; EMBO  European Molecular Biology Orga- Environmental Mutagen Information Cen- nization ter embryol  embryology EMICBACK  Environmental Mutagen Infor- EMBS  Engineering in Medicine and Biolo- mation Center Backfile gy Society EM/IM  extramedullary/intramedullary EMC  electromagnetic compatibility; elec- EMIP  European Myocardial Infarction tron microscopy; emergency medical care; Project emergency medical communication; emer- EMIP-FR  European Myocardial Infarction gency medical condition; emergency medical Project-Free Radicals coordinator; encephalomyocarditis; enzyme EMIR  envelope mastectomy and immediate mismatch cleavage; essential mixed cryo- reconstruction globulinemia EMIT  enzyme multiplied immunoassay EMCR  electronic medical care record technique; European Mivazerol Trial EMC&R  emergency medical care and rescue EmIV  Enytus montanus ichnovirus EMCRO  Experimental Medical Care Re- EMJH  Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson- view Organization Harris [medium] EMCV  encephalomyocarditis virus EML  erythema nodosum leprosum EMD  electromechanical dissociation; emer- EMLA  eutectic mixture of local anes­ gency medical dispacher; emergency medical thetics doctor; Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy; EMM  erythema multiforme major esophageal mobility disorder EMMA  eye movement measuring appa­ EMDIS  European Marrow Donor Informa- ratus tion System EMO  Epstein-Macintosh-Oxford [inhaler]; EMDR  eye movement desensitization and exophthalmos, myxedema circumscriptum reprocessing praetibiale, and osteoarthropathia hypertro- EME  electromechanical energy phicans [syndrome] EMEA  European Agency for the Evaluation emot  emotion, emotional of Medicinal Products EMP  electric membrane property; electro- EMEDI  European Medical Electronic Data magnetic pulse; Embden-Meyerhof pathway; Interchange [group] emergency medicine providers; European EMEM  Eagle minimal essential medium Myocardial Infarction Project; external EMER  electromagnetic molecular electron membrane potential; external membrane pro- resonance tein; extramedullary plasmacytoma; malig- emer  emergency nant proliferation of eosinophils EMF  electromagnetic field; electromagnetic EMPAR  Enoxaparin MaxEPA Prevention of flow; electromagnetic flowmeter; electromo- Angioplasty Restenosis [study] tive force; Emergency Medicine Founda- EMPIRE  Economics of Myocardial Perfu- tion; endomyocardial fibrosis; equivalent sion Imaging in Europe [study] molecules of immunofluorescence; eryth- EMPS  exertional muscle pain syndrome rocyte maturation factor; evaporated milk  EMQ  exercise motivation questionnaire formula EMR  educable mentally retarded; electro- emf  electromotive force magnetic radiation; electronic medical re- EMG  electromyogram, electromyography; cord; emergency mechanical restraint; eye movement gauge; exomphalosmacro- emergency medicine resident; endoscopic glossia-gigantism [syndrome] mucosal resection; essential metabolism EMGBF  electromyographic biofeedback ratio; eye movement record  140 EMRA  Emergency Medicine Residents As- EMY  emergency medicine resident year sociation EMZL  extranodal marginal zone B-cell EMRC  European Medical Research Council lymphoma EMRD  emergency medicine residency di- EN  endoscopy; enrolled nurse; enteral nutri- rector tion; epidemic nephritis; erythema nodosum E-MRI  extremity magnetic resonance im- En, en  enema aging ENA  Emergency Nurses Association; epi- EMRS  electronic medical record system thelial neutrophil-activating [protein]; ex- EMRSA  epidemic strain of methicillin- tractable nuclear antigen resistant Staphylococcus aureus ENa  sodium reversal potential EMS  early morning specimen; early morn- ENaC  epithelial sodium channel ing stiffness; electrical muscle stimulation; ENACT  enzyme activity in chemical toxici- Electronic Medical Service; emergency  ty; Expanding Nilotinib Access in Clinical management of stroke; emergency medical Trials services; endometriosis; environmental man- ENASA  Enoxaparin and/or Aspirin in Un- agement system; eosinophilia-myalgia syn- stable Angina [trial] drome; ethyl methane-sulfonate; European ENB  esthesioneuroblastoma Multicenter Study ENC  encounter; encryption; endotoxin neu- EMSA  electrophoretic mobility shift assay; tralizing capacity; environmental control Emergency Medical Services Agency ENCODE  Encyclopedia of DNA Elements EMSC  emergency medical services for ENCORE  Evaluation of Nifedipine and children Cerivastatin on Recovery of Endothelial EMSS  emergency medical services system Function [trial] EMT  emergency medical tag; emergency END  early neonatal death; elective neck dis- medical team; emergency medical technician; section; endocrinology; endorphin; endothe- emergency medical treatment; endocardial lin; endurance mapping technique; epithelial-mesenchymal end  endoreduplication transition ENDIT  European Nicotinamide Diabetes In- EMTA  endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic tervention Trial acid Endo  endocardial, endocardium; endocrine, EMT-A  emergency medical technician- endocrinology; endodontics; endonuclease; ambulance; emergency medical technician endotracheal providing basic life support or cardiopulmo- endo  endoscopy nary resuscitation EndoCAM  endothelial cell adhesion mol- EMTAC  Enhanced Metabolic Testing Activ- ecule ity Chamber Endo-M  endocardium and M region EMTALA  Emergency Medical Treatment ENDOR  electron nuclear double resonance and Active Labor Act Endo X  endonuclease X EMT-B  emergency medical technician-basic ENDPT  end point of flow velocity after an- EMTD  estimated maximum tolerated dose gioplasty; evaluation of Doppler parameters EMT-D  emergency medical technician pro- during percutaneous transluminal coronary viding basic life support or defibrillation angioplasty EMT-I  emergency medical technician- ENDR  endothelin receptor intermediate ENDRB  endothelin receptor B EMT-M  emergency medical technician min- ENDT  electroneurodiagnostic technologist ing ENE  ethylnorepinephrine EMT-P  emergency medical technician- ENeG  electroneurography paramedic enem  enema EMTS  electromagnetic tracking system ENF  enfuvirtide EMT-W  emergency medical technician- ENG  electroneurograph, electroneurogra- wilderness phy; electronystagmogram, electronystag- EMU  early morning urine; energy-mode ul- mography trasound Eng  English emu  electromagnetic unit ENHR  Essential National Health Research emul  emulsion ENI  elective neck irradiation; elective nodal EMV  equine morbillivirus; eye, motor, irradiation voice ENIAC  Electronic Numerical Integrator and EmV  Eucocytis meeki virus Computer EMVC  early mitral valve closure ENK  enkephalin  141 ENL  equivalent number of looks [echocar- EoE  eosinophilic esophagitis diography]; erythema nodosum leproticum EOF  end of file ENMG  electroneuromyography E of M  error of measurement ENN  environmental noise EOG  electrooculogram, electrooculogra- ENO, Eno  enolase phy; electroolfactogram, electroolfactogra- ENOG, ENoG  electroneuronography phy; eosinophilic gastroenteritis; ethylene eNOS  endothelial nitric oxide synthase oxide gas ENOXART  enoxaparin in arterial surgery EOGBS  early-onset group B streptococcal ENP  emergency nurse practitioner; ethyl-p- EOJ  extrahepatic obstructive jaundice nitrophenylthiobenzene phosphate; excel- EOL  end of life lence for nursing practice; extractable EOM  electrooptic modulator; end of mes- nucleoprotein sage; equal ocular movement; external otitis ENPC  emergency nursing pediatric course media; extraocular movement; extraocular E-NPI  end nuclear polymorphism index muscle ENR  eosinophilic nonallergic rhinitis; extra- EoM  equation of motion thyroid neck radioactivity EOMA  emergency oxygen mask assembly ENRICAD  Enhancing Recovery in Coro- EOMB  explanation of Medicare benefits nary Heart Disease [trial] EOMI  extraocular muscles intact ENRICHD  Enchancing Recovery in Coro- EOM NL  extraocular eye movements nor- nary Heart Disease Patients [trial] mal ENS  empty nose syndrome; enteral nutri- EOP  efficiency of plating; emergency out- tional support; enteric nervous system;  patient epidermal nevus syndrome; ethylnorsuprar- EOR  European Organization for Research; enin exclusive operating room ENSV  Enseada virus EORTC  European Organisation for Re- ENT  ear, nose, and throat; enzootic nasal search and Treatment of Cancer tumor; extranodular tissue EOS  end of saturated bombardment; end of ent  enterotoxin service [pacemaker]; end of study; eosino- ent A  enterotoxin A phil; European Orthodontic Society ENTICES  Enoxaparin and Ticlopidine After eos, eosin  eosinophil Elective Stenting [study] Eosm  effective osmolarity Entom  entomology EOT  effective oxygen transport; externally ENTV  Entamoeba virus; Entebbe virus oriented thinking ENTY  entity EOTD  early-onset torsion dystonia ENU  N-ethyl-nitrosourea EOU  epidemic observation unit Env  envelope EOx  eye oximeter env, environ  environment, environmental EP  echo planar; ectopic pregnancy; edible ENVR  environmental effect portion; electronic palpation; electropho- ENX  endonexin resis; electrophysiologic; electroprecipitin; enz  enzyme, enzymatic emergency physician; emergency procedure; EO  early onset; eosinophil; ethylene oxide; endocochlear potential; endogenous pyro- eyes open gen; endoperoxide; endorphin; end plate; end Eo  skin dose point; enteropeptidase; environmental pro- EOA  effective orifice area; erosive osteoar- tection; enzyme product; eosinophilic pneu- thritis; esophageal obturator airway; exami- monia; epicardial electrogram; epirubicin; nation, opinion, and advice epithelial, epithelium; epoxide; erythrocyte EOAD  early-onset Alzheimer disease protoporphyrin; erythrophagocytosis; eryth- EOB  edge of bed; emergency observation ropoietic porphyria; erythropoietin; esopha- bed; explanation of benefits geal pressure; estramustine phosphate; EOC  emergency observation center; emer- European Pharmacopoeia; evoked potential; gency operations center; epithelial ovarian evolutionary programming; excretory phase; cancer exophytic papilloma; expert panel; extreme EoC  episode of care pressure EOCA  early-onset cerebellar ataxia Ep  primary etiology; proton energy EOCAD  early-onset coronary artery disease EPA  eicosapentaenoic acid; empiric phrase EO-CFC  eosinophil-leukocyte colony form- association; Environmental Protection Agen- ing cell cy; erect posterior–anterior; erythroid poten- EOD  entry on duty; every other day; explo- tiating activity; extrinsic plasminogen sive ordnance disposal activator  142 EPAP  expiratory positive airway pressure EPIC  Echocardiography Persantine Interna- EPAQ  Extended Personal Attitudes Ques- tional Cooperative Study; Echo Persantine tionnaire Italian Cooperative Study; European Preva- EPA/RCRA  Environmental Protection lence of Infection in Intensive Care Study; Agency Resource Conservation and Recov- European Prospective Investigation into ery Act Cancer and Nutrition Study; European Proto- EPAS  evolution of physiologic analysis sys- type for Integrated Care; Evaluation of  tems 7E3 for the Prevention of Ischemic Compli- EPB  extensor pollicis brevis cations EPBF  effective pulmonary blood flow EPICORE  Epidemiology Coordinating and EPC  endothelial progenitor cell; end plate Research Centre current; epilepsia partialis continua; EPICS  Early Postmenopausal Intervention evidence-based practice center; external Cohort Study pneumatic compression EPID  electronic portal imaging device EPCA  external pressure circulatory assis- epid  epidemic tance EPIDS  Early Post–Myocardial Infarction In- EPCG  endoscopic pancreatocholangiogra- travenous Dipyridamole Study phy epil  epilepsy, epileptic EPCOT  European Prospective Cohort on EPILOG  Evaluation of Percutaneous Trans- Thrombophilia luminal Coronary Angioplasty to Improve EPCRLS  European Pancreatic Cancer Refer- Long-Term Outcome with Abciximab Glyco- ence Library System protein IIb/IIIa Blockade [trial] EPCS  emergency portacaval shunt epineph  epinephrine EPD  embolic protection device; energy- epis  episiotomy protein deficit; etiologic potentials display EPISODE  Evaluation Peripheral Intramus- EPDC  epicardially derived cell cular Sonography on Dotter Effect EPDML  epidemiologic, epidemiology EPI/STAR  echo planar imaging with EPE  erythropoietin-producing enzyme signal targeting and alternating radiofre­ EPEC  enteropathogenic Escherichia coli quency EPEG  etoposide EPISTENT  Epilog Stent Trial; Evaluation of EPESE  Established Populations for Epide- IIb/IIIa Platelet Inhibitor for Stenting miologic Studies of the Elderly epith  epithelium EPF  early pregnancy factor; endocarditis pa- EPIV  enhanced potency inactivated polio rietalis fibroplastica; endothelial proliferating vaccine factor; established program financing; estro- EPIX  Emergency Preparedness Information genic positive feedback; exophthalmos- Exchange producing factor Epi-X  Epidemic Information Exchange ePFT  endoscopic pancreatic function test EPL  early pregnancy loss; effective path EPG  eggs per gram; electropalatography; length; effect of patient’s life; equivalent path electropneumogram, electropneumography; length; essential phospholipid; extensor pol- ethanolamine phosphoglyceride licis longus; extracorporeal piezoelectric EPH  edema-proteinuria-hypertension; epi- lithotriptor sodic paroxysmal hemicrania; extensor pro- EPM  electron probe microanalysis; elec- prius hallucis trophoretic mobility; energy-protein malnu- EPHIP  education program for health infor- trition matics professionals EPMR  progressive epilepsy with mental re- EPhMRA  European Pharmaceutical Market tardation Research Association EPN  emphysematous pyelonephritis EpHV  elapid herpesvirus EPNP   1,2-epoxy-3(4′-nitrophenoxy)pro- EPHX  epoxide hydrolase pane EPI  echo planar imaging; electronic portal EPO  eosinophil peroxidase; erythropoiesis; imaging; Emotion Profile Index; epilepsy; erythropoietin; evening primrose oil; exclu- epinephrine; epirubicin; epithelial, epitheli- sive provider organization; expiratory port um; Estes Park Institute; evoked potential occlusion index; Expanded Programme of Immuniza- Epo  erythropoietin tion; extrapyramidal involvement; extrinsic EPOB  employee per occupied bed pathway inhibitor EPOC  excess post-exercise oxygen con- epi  epinephrine sumption  143 EPOCH  Erythropoietin in Chinese Hamster EPTS  existed prior to service Ovary [study] EPV  encephaloclastic proliferative vascu- EPOR  erythropoietin receptor lopathy; entomopoxvirus EPOX  epoxygenase EPXMA  electron probe x-ray microana­ EPP  end plate potential; equal pressure lyzer point; erythropoietic protoporphyria; extra- EQ  educational quotient; empathy quotient; pleural pneumonectomy encephalization quotient; energy quotient; epp  end plate potential equal to EPPB  end positive-pressure breathing Eq, eq  equation; equivalent EPPS  Edwards Personal Preference Sched- EQA  external quality assessment ule EQAM  Ervin quality assessment measure EPQ  Eysenck Personality Questionnaire EQLIPSE  Evaluation and Quality in Library EPR  early phase reaction; early progressive Performance System for Europe resistance; effective poor radius; electron EQOL  economics and quality of life paramagnetic resonance; electronic patient EQP  extensor quinti proprius record; electrophrenic respiration; emergen- EqPV  equine picornavirus cy physical restraint; enhanced permeability EQS  electroquasistatic and retention; Epidemic and Pandemic  EqTV  equine torovirus Alert and Response; epitympanic recess; es- EQuIP  Evaluation and Quality Improve- timated protein requirement; estradiol pro- ment Program duction rate; evoked potential response; equip  equipment extraparenchymal resistance; extrapyramidal EQUIPP  Evaluation of Quinapril in Primary reaction Practice [trial] EPRCSS  European Prospective Randomized equiv  equivalency, equivalent Coronary Surgery Study ER  efficiency ratio; ejection rate; electrore- EpRE/ARE  electrophile/antioxidant response section; emergency room; endoplasmic re- element ticulum; enhanced reactivation; enhancement EPROM  erasable programmable read-only ratio; entity relationship; environmental re- memory sistance; enzyme reactor; epigastric region; EPROU  Electronic Patient Record System equine rhinopneumonia; equivalent roent- at Osaka University Hospital gen; erythematotelangiectatic rosacea; eryth- EPRS  electronic patient record system; Eu- rocyte receptor; estradiol receptor; estrogen ropean Prospective Randomized Study receptor; etretinate; evoked response; expira- EPS  ear-patella-short stature [syndrome]; tory reserve; extended release; extended re- early progressing stroke; elastosis perfo- sistance; external resistance; external rotation rans serpiginosa; electrophysiologic study; E-R, E/R  entity relationship endoscopic pancreatic sphincterectomy; en- ER+  increased estrogen receptor zyme pancreatic secretion; exhaustion syn- ER−  decreased estrogen receptor drome; exophthalmos-producing substance; Er  erbium; erythrocyte expressed prostatic secretions; extracellular Er  repulsive energy polysaccharide; extracellular protein secre- er  endoplasmic reticulum tion; extrapyramidal side effects; extrapyra- ERA  early [electronic] referrals applica- midal symptom; extrapyramidal syndrome tion; echo record access [study]; electrical ep’s  epithelial cells response activity; electroencephalic response EPSC  excitatory postsynaptic current audiometry; Electroshock Research Asso- EPSDT  early and periodic screening diagno- ciation; energy return ability; Enoxaparin sis and treatment program Restenosis After Angioplasty [study]; en- EPSE  extrapyramidal side effects tity relationship attribute; estradiol receptor EPSEM  equal probability of selection assay; estrogen receptor assay; Estrogen Re- method placement in Atherosclerosis [study]; evoked EPSI  echo planar spectroscopic imaging response audiometry; extended relational al- EPSP  excitatory postsynaptic potential gebra EPSS  E point to septal separation ERA-ICA  estradiol receptor assay immuno- EPT  early pregnancy test; endorectal pull- cytochemical analysis through ERAS  electronic residency application ser- EPTE  existed prior to enlistment vice EPTFE, ePTFE  expanded polytetrafluoro- ERASME  Efficacy of Renal Artery Stent ethylene Multicentre Evaluation  144 ERAV  equine rhinitis A virus ErLV  Erysimum latent virus ERBAC  Excimer Laser, Rotablator, and Bal- ERM  electrochemical relaxation method; loon Angioplasty Comparison [study] extended radical mastectomy; ezrin, radixin, ERBF  effective renal blood flow and moesin ERBV  equine rhinitis B virus ERMSa  embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ERC  endoscopic retrograde cholangiogra- ERNA  early return to normal activities [after phy; enteric cytopathic human orphan-rhino- acute myocardial infarction]; efferent renal coryza [virus]; erythropoietin-responsive nerve activity; equilibrium radionuclide an- cell; ethical review committee; European Re- giocardiography suscitation Council ERNST  European Resuscitation Nimodip- Erc  erythrocyte ine Study ER cap  endoscopic resection cap ERO  effective regurgitant orifice [tricuspid ERCC  excision repair cross complement- regurgitation]; Eugenics Record Office ing ERO2  oxygen extraction ratio ERCoh  event-related coherence EROD  7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase ERCP  endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan- EROS  elaboration of reactions for organic creatography synthesis Ercs  erythrocytes ERP  early receptor potential; effective re- ERD  erosive reflux disease; event-related fractory period; elodoisin-related peptide; desynchronization; evoked response detec- emergency response team; endoscopic ret- tor rograde pancreatography; enzyme-releasing ERDA  Energy Research and Development peptide; equine rhinopneumonitis; estrogen Administration receptor protein; event-related potential ERDIP  electronic records development and Er-PBMC  E-rosette-negative peripheral implementation blood mononuclear cell ERE  estrogen response element; external ro- ERPC  evacuation of retained products of tation in extension conception EREP  event-related evoked potential ERPF  effective renal plasma flow ERF  edge response function; Education ERPG  emergency response planning guide- and Research Foundation; end response  lines function; esophagorespiratory fistula; exter- ERPLV  effective refractory period of left nal rotation in flexion; Eye Research Founda- ventricle tion ERR  excess relative risk eRF  eukaryotic release factor ERS  enamel-renal syndrome; endoscopic E-RFC  E-rosette forming cell retrograde sphincterectomy ERFS  electrophysiologic ring-finger splint- Ers  respiratory system elastance ing ERSP  event-related slow potential ERG  electron radiography; electroretino- ERSPC  European Randomized Study of gram, electroretinography; emergency re- Screening for Prostatic Cancer sponse guidebook ERT  emergency room thoracotomy, emer- ERGIC  endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi inter- gent resuscitative thoracotomy; enzyme re- mediate compartment placement therapy; esophageal radionuclide ErgTX  ergotoxin transit; estrogen replacement therapy; ex- ERHD  exposure-related hypothermic death amination room terminal; external radiation ErHV  erinaceid herpesvirus therapy ERI  elective replacement indicator [pace- ERTAS  extended reticulothalamic activating maker]; environmental response inventory; system E-rosette inhibitor; erythrocyte rosette in- ERTOCS, ERTOS  European Randomised hibitor Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening ERIA  electroradioimmunoassay ERU  endorectal ultrasound ERIC  Education Resources Information ERV  Embu virus; enterolike virus; equine Center; Educational Resource Information rhinopneumonitis virus; Estero Real virus; Clearinghouse etched ringspot virus; expiratory reserve ERICA  European Risk and Incidence: A Co- volume ordinated Analysis ERVEV  Erve virus ERISA  Employee Retirement Income Secu- ERVSP  estimated right ventricular systolic rity Act pressure ERL  extraneous residue limit ERY  erysipelas ERK  extracellular signal-regulated kinase Ery  Erysipelothrix  145 ES  ejection sound; elastic stocking; elastic ESCOBAR  Emergency Stenting Compared support; electrical stimulus, electrical stimula- to Conventional Balloon Angioplasty Ran- tion; electroshock; electrospray; electrotherapy domized Trial system; Elejalde syndrome; embryonic stem; ESCODD  European Standards Committee emergency service; emission spectrometry; on Oxidative DNA Damage end of systole; endometritis-salpingitis; endo- EsCPS  Euxoa scandens cypovirus scopic sclerosis; endoscopic sclerotherapy; en- ESCS  epidural spinal cord stimulation doscopic sphincterotomy; end stage [disease]; ESD  electronic submission document; elec- end systole; end to side; English speaking; tronic summation device; electrostatic dis- enzyme substrate; epileptic seizures; epileptic charge; emission spectrometric device; syndrome; erythromycin stearate; esophageal; endoscopic submucosal dissection; end-systolic esophageal scintigraphy; esophagus; esterase; dimension; esterase-D; exoskeletal device evoking strength; Ewing sarcoma; exfoliation ESDI  enhanced small device interface syndrome; expectation score; experimental ESDM  early start Denver model study; expert system; exterior surface; extra ESDN  European Skeletal Dysplasia Net- stimulus; extrasystole work Es  einsteinium ESE  electrostatic unit [Ger. electrostatische Es  secondary etiology; shear energy Einheit]; evolutionary stable energy; exercise ESA  Electrolysis Society of America; elec- stress echocardiography tronic signature authentication; endocardial ESEM  endoscopically suspected esophageal surface area; epidermal surface antigen; epi- metaplasia; European Society for Engineer- didymal sperm aneuploidy; esterase; ester- ing and Medicine ase A ESETCID  European Study of Epidemiology ESAC  extrastructurally abnormal chromo- and Treatment of Cardiac Inflammatory some Diseases ESADDI  estimated safe and adequate daily ESF  edge spread function; electron scatter dietary intake function; electrosurgical filter; erythropoietic ESAS  semiautomated instrument system stimulating factor ESAT  early screening of autistic traits; ester- ESFH  European Society for Hemapheresis; ase activator Interdisciplinary European Society for Hae- ESAW  European statistics on accidents at mapheresis and Haemotherapy work ESFL  end-systolic force-length relationship ESB  electrical stimulation of the brain; en- ESG  electrospinogram; endovascular stent hanced skill building; environmental speci- graft; estrogen; exfoliation syndrome glau- men banking; esterase B coma ESBL  extended spectrum beta-lactamase ESGE  European Society of Gastrointestinal ESBY  Electrical Stimulation vs. Coronary Endoscopy Artery Bypass [study] ESHEL  Association for the Planning and ESC  electromechanical slope computer; em- Development of Services for the Aged in  bryonic stem cell; endosystolic count; environ- Israel mental stress cracking; epidural spinal cord; ESHF  end-stage heart failure erythropoietin-sensitive stem cell; esterase C ESHG  European Society of Human Ge- ESCA  electron spectroscopy for chemical netics analysis ESHL  early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma ESCALAT, ESCALATE  Efegatran and Strep- ESHR  elder spontaneously hypertensive rat tokinase to Canalize Arteries Like Accelerated EsHV  esocid herpesvirus Tissue Plasminogen Activator [study] ESI  elastase-specific inhibitor; electrospray ESCAPE  Evaluation Study of Congestive ionization; emergency safety information; Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Cathe- emergency severity index; enzyme substrate terization Effectiveness inhibitor; epidural steroid injection ESCAT  Early Self-Controlled Anticoagula- ESIC  electrical stimulation–induced con- tion Trial tractions ESCC  epidural spinal cord compression; ESIC-LCE  electric stimulation–induced con- esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tractions, leg cycle ergometry ESCH  European Study Group on Cytoge- ESI-MS  electrospray ionization mass spec- netic Biomarkers and Health trometry Esch  Escherichia ESIMV  expiratory synchronized intermit- ESCN  electrolyte and steroid cardiopathy tent mandatory ventilation with necrosis ESIN  elastic stable intramedullary nailing  146 ESIPT  excited state intermolecular proton ESPS  European Secondary Prevention transfer Study; European Stroke Prevention Study ESKAPE  Enterococcus faecium, Staphylo- ESPVR  end-systolic pressure-volume rela- coccus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, tionship Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas ae- ESQ  early signs questionnaire ruginosa, and Enterobacter species ESR  Einstein stroke radius; electric skin re- ESL  end-systolic length; E-selectin ligand; sistance; electron spin resonance; emotional extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy stress release; equipment service report; ESLD  end-stage liver disease erythrocyte sedimentation rate; estrogen re- ESLF  end-stage liver failure ceptor; European Society of Radiology; ex- ESLV  elderberry symptomless virus tracytoplasmic stress response ESM  ejection systolic murmur; endolym- ESRD  end-stage renal disease phatic stromal myosis; endoscopic specular ESRF  end-stage renal failure; European Syn- microscope; ethosuximide chrotron Radiation Facility ESMC  entropy sampling Monte Carlo ESRI  Environmental Systems Research In- ESMIR  Echocardiographic Selection of Pa- stitute tients for Mitral Regurgitation [study] ESS  earliest starting shift; earth and space ESMIS  Emergency Medical Services Man- sciences; elementary sulcal surface; empty agement Information System sella syndrome; endostreptosin; Epworth ESMS  electrospray mass spectrometry sleepiness scale; erythrocyte-sensitizing sub- ESN  educationally subnormal; estrogen- stance; euthyroid sick syndrome; excited skin stimulated neurophysin; exposed serone­ syndrome; exonic splicing silencer/suppres- gative sor; squamous self-healing epithelioma ESnet  Energy Sciences Network ess  essential ESN(M)  educationally subnormal-moderate ESSENCE  Efficacy Safety Subcutaneous ESN(S)  educationally subnormal-severe Enoxaparin in Non-Q-Wave Coronary Events ESO  electrospinal orthosis; embolic signal [study]; Electronic Surveillance System for onset Early Notification of Community-Based Epi- eso  esophagoscopy; esophagus demics ESOCAP  European Study of Community ESSEX  European Scimed Stent Experience Acquired Pneumonia ESSF  external spinal skeletal fixation ESP  early systolic paradox; echo spacing; ESSV  Essaouira virus effective sensory projection; effective sys- EST  Early Stroke Trial; electric shock tolic pressure; embryo storage problems; threshold; electroshock therapy; endodermal endometritis-salpingitis-peritonitis; end- sinus tumor; endometrial sinus tumor; endo- systolic pressure; eosinophil stimulation pro- scopic sphincterectomy; esterase; exercise moter; epidermal soluble protein; especially; stress test; expressed sequence tag evoked synaptic potential; extrasensory per- Est  estradiol ception est  ester; estimation, estimated ESPA  electrical stimulation–produced anal- ESTEEM  European Standardised Telematic gesia; extended sibling pair analysis Tool to Evaluate EMG ESPAC  European Study Group of Pancre- esth  esthetic, esthetics atic Cancer Est,l  elastance, lung ESPC  enhanced spectral pathology com­ E-STP  experimental short-term psycho­ ponent therapy ESPEN  European Society for Parenteral and Est,rs  elastance, respiratory system Enteral Nutrition Est,w  elastance, chest wall EsPeR  personalized risk estimation ESU  electrostatic unit; electrosurgical unit ESPRIM  European Study Prevention Re- E-sub  excitor substance search of Infarct With Molsidomine ESUE  emergency screening ultrasound ex- ESPRIT  Efficacy Safety Prospective Ran- amination domized Ibopamine Trial; European and ESV  end-systolic volume; esophageal valve Australian Stroke Prevention in Reversible ESVEM  Electrophysiologic Study vs. Elec- Ischemia Trial; European Study of the Pre- trocardiographic Monitoring vention of Reocclusion After Initial Throm- ESVH  endoscopic saphenous vein harvest- bolysis; European Study Programme for the ing Relevance of Immunology in Liver Trans- ESVI  end-systolic volume index plantation; Evaluation of Subcutaneous Pro- ESVS  endoscopic vascular surgery; epiure- leukin in a Randomized International Trial thral suprapubic vaginal suspension  147 ESWL  extracorporeal shock wave litho­ ETG  episode treatment group tripsy ETH  elixir terpin hydrate; ethanol; ethmoid ESWS  end-systolic wall stress ETh  excitability threshold Esyn  reversal potential eth  ether ET  educational therapy; effective tempera- ETHC  elixir terpin hydrate with codeine ture; ejection time; embryo transfer; endo- ETHR  education, training, and human re- thelin; endotoxin; endotracheal; endotracheal sources tube; end tidal; endurance time; enterostomal ETI  endotracheal intubation therapist; enterotoxin; epidermolytic toxin; ETIC  Environmental Teratology Information epithelial tumor; esophageal temperature; Center esotropia; essential thrombocythemia; es- ETICBACK  Environmental Teratology In- sential tremor; ethanol; etiocholanolone test; formation Center Backfile etiology; eustachian tube; examination termi- ETIO  etiocholanolone nal; exchange transfusion; exercise test; ex- etiol  etiology ercise treadmill; exfoliative toxin; expiration EtIV  Eriborus terebrans ichnovirus time; exploratory thoracoscopy ETK  erythrocyte transketolase E:T, E/T  effect/target ratio ETKTM  every test known to man ET-1  endothelin-1 ETL  echo train length; expiratory threshold ET3  erythrocyte triiodothyronine load ET4  effective thyroxine [test] ETM  erythromycin Et  ethyl; etiology ETNet  Educational Technology Network et  and [Lat. et]; end tidal EtNU  ethyl nitrosourea ETA  electron transfer agent; elongation of ETO  estimated time of ovulation; ethylene tendon Achilles; endotracheal airways; endo- oxide tracheal aspiration; ethionamide; exfoliative Eto  ethylene oxide toxin A E-TOF  electron time of flight ET-A, ETA  endothelin A ETOH, EtOH  ethanol ETAB  extrathoracic assisted breathing ETOX  ethylene oxide ETAC  early treatment of atopic child ETP  electron transport particle; entire treat- ETAF  epidermal thrombocyte activating fac- ment period; ephedrine, theophylline, pheno- tor; epithelial thymus-activating factor barbital; eustachian tube pressure ETAG  end-tidal anesthetic gas ETPCO2  end-tidal partial carbon dioxide et al  and others [Lat. et alii] ETR  effective thyroxine ratio; endothelin re- ETAR  equivalent tissue air ratio ceptor ET-B, ETB  endothelin B ETS  educational testing service; electrical ETBA  endoscopic transaxillary breast aug- transcranial stimulation; electron transport mentation system; electronic transimpedance scanning; ETC  electron transport chain; emergency electrosleep therapy; endoscopic transthorac- trauma care; enterotoxigenic Escherichia ic sympathectomy; environmental tobacco coli; esophageal tracheal Combitube; esti- smoke; erythromycin topical solution; event mated time of conception timing system; expiration time signal; extra- ETc  corrected ejection time cellular transport system ETCC  emergency team coordination course ET-ST  endotracheal tube-stylet unit ETCO2, etCO2  end-tidal carbon dioxide ETT  endotracheal tube; epinephrine toler- ETD  eustachian tube dysfunction ance test; exercise tolerance test; exercise ETDRS  Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopa- treadmill test; extrathyroidal thyroxine thy Study ET-TL  endotracheal tube Trachlight unit ETD(V)  extrapolated tolerance dose (vol- ETTP  enhanced trusted third party ume) ETU  emergency and trauma unit; emergency ETE  end to end treatment unit; ethylene thiourea ETEC  enterotoxic/enterotoxigenic Esche- ETV  extravascular thermal volume richia coli ETX  etiology ETF  electron-transferring flavoprotein; em- EU  Ehrlich unit; elementary unit; emergency bryo toxic factor; eustachian tube function; unit; endotoxin unit; entropy unit; enzyme extension teardrop fracture unit; esterase unit; etiology unknown; excre- ETFB  electron transfer flavoprotein beta tory urography; expected utility polypeptide Eu  europium; euryon ETFDH  electron-transferring flavoprotein EUA  examination under anesthesia dehydrogenase EUBV  Eubenangee virus  148 EUCAST  European Committee on Antimi- EUROPA  European Trial of Reduction of crobial Susceptibility Testing Cardiac Events with Perindopril in Stable EUCLID  European Diabetes Controlled Trial Coronary Artery Disease of Lisinopril in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes EuroQol  European quality of life [scale] Mellitus EUROSCOP  European Registry Society EUCROMIC  European Collaborative Re- Study of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary search on Mosaicism in Chorionic Virus Diseases Sample EUROSTROKE  European Collaborative EUDB  end-user database Study of Incidence and Risk Factors for Isch- EUFOS  European Federation of Oto-Rhino- emic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Laryngological Societies EUROTOX  European Committee on Chron- EUHID  encrypted universal health care ic Toxicity Hazards identifier EUROWINTER  European Study on Cold EUL  expected upper limit Exposure and Winter Mortality From Isch- EULAR  European League Against Rheu- emic Heart Disease matism EUS  endorectal ultrasonography/ultrasound; EUM  external urethral meatus endoscopic ultrasonography/ultrasound; ex- EUP  extrauterine pregnancy ternal urethral sphincter EURAGE  European Community Concerted EUS-CPN  endosonography-guided celiac Action on Aging plexus neurolysis EURALIM  European Alimentation Study EUS-FNA  endoscopic ultrasound fine- EURAMIC  European Community Multi- needle aspiration center Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Eust  eustachian Infarction, and Breast Cancer EUS-TNB  endoscopic ultrasound TruCut EUREKA  Unconventional Research En- needle biopsy abling Knowledge Acceleration EUV  extreme ultraviolet laser EURID  European Registry for Implantable EV  Ebola virus; eczema vaccinatum; ejected Cardioverter Defibrillators volume; electric vehicle; electronic patient re- EURO-ART  European Angiojet Rapid cord [EPR] value; emergency vehicle; enceph- Thrombectomy [study] alitis/encephalomyelitis virus; enteritis virus; EUROASPIRE  European Action on Second- enterovirus; entomopoxvirus; epidermodyspla- ary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce sia verruciformis; estradiol valerate; eustachian Events valve; evoked potential; excessive ventilation; EUROCARDI  European Concerted Action expected value; extravascular for the Rapid Diagnosis of Myocardial In- Ev, ev  eversion farction eV, ev  electron volt EUROCARE  European Carvedilol Resteno- EV-69, 70, 71  human enteroviruses 69, sis Trial 70, 71 EURO-CAT  European Cancer After Trans- EVA  Epidemiological Study on Vascular plant [project]; European Register of Con- and Cognitive Aging; ethyl violet azide; eth- genital Anomalies and Twins ylene vinyl acetate; European Vascular Agen- EURODIAB ACE  European Diabetes: Aeti- cy [study] ology of Childhood Diabetes on an Epide- evac  evacuate, evacuated, evacuation miological Basis EVADE  Experience With Left Ventricular EURODIAB IDDM  European Diabetes Cen- Assist Device With Exercise [trial] ters Study of Complications in Patients with eval  evaluate, evaluated, evaluation Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus eval stud  evaluation study EURODIAB TIGER  European Diabetes: Type evap  evaporated, evaporation I Genetic Epidemiology Resources EVAR  endovascular aneurysm repair EURO-DIRECT  European Direct Myocar- EVB  electronic view box; esophageal vari- dial Revascularization in Regeneration of ceal bleeding Endomyocardial Channels Trial EVC, EvC  Ellis–van Creveld [syndrome] EUROHAZCON  Congenital Anomalies EVCI  expected value of clinical informa- Near Hazardous Waste Landfill Sites in Eu- tion rope [study] EVD  external ventricular drain; extracar- EURO-ISDN  European Integrated Services diac vascular disease; extravascular [lung]  Digital Network density EURONET  European On-Line Network ever  eversion, everted  149 EVF  ethanol volume fraction exac  exacerbation EVFMG  exchange visitor foreign medical EXACT  Extended Release Adalat Canadi- graduate an Trial EVG  electroventriculography EXACTO  Excimer Laser Angioplasty in EVGLI  European Working Group on Legio- Coronary Total Occlusion nella Surveillance Centre EXAFS  extended x-ray absorption fine EVIL  exposure to selected viruses in re- structure search laboratories exam  examination, examine, examined EVL  electronic visualization laboratory EXBF  exercise hyperemia blood flow EVLT  endovascular laser therapy; endove- ExBRT  external beam radiation therapy nous laser treatment exc  excision EVLW  extravascular lung water EXCEED  Excellence Center for Eliminating EVM  electronic voltmeter; extravascular ethnic/Racial Disparities mass EXCEL  Expanded Clinical Evaluation of Lo- EVNT  event vastatin [trial] EVOC  emergency vehicle operator course exch  exchange EVP  episcleral venous pressure; evoked vi- EXCITE  Evaluation of Oral Xemilofiban in sual potential Controlling Thrombotic Events EVPI  expected value of perfect informa- excr  excretion tion EXE  exemestane EVR  evoked visual response; exudative vit- ExEF  ejection fraction during exercise reoretinopathy EXELFS  extended electron loss fine struc- EVRS  early ventricular repolarization syn- ture drome exer  exercise EVS  eligibility verification system; endo- EXERT  Exercise Rehabilitation Trial vaginal sonography exg  exogenous EVSG  endovascular stent grafting EXIT  ex utero intrapartum therapy EVT  endovascular technology EXO  exonuclease; exophoria EVTV  extravascular thermal volume exog  exogenous EVV  Everglades virus exoph  exophthalmia EVRX  exudative vitreoretinopathy, X-linked EXoS  exoenzyme S EW  emergency ward; estrogen withdrawal exos  exostosis E-W  Edinger-Westphal [nucleus] EXP  expiration EWA  exponentially weighted average exp  expansion; expectorant; experiment, EWAs  erythrocytes without antigens experimental; expiration, expired; exponen- EWB  estrogen withdrawal bleeding tial function; exposure EWCM  egg-white cervical mucus exp lap  exploratory laparotomy EWGCP  European Working Group on Car- EXPAPS  Exeter Primary Angioplasty diac Pacing Pilot Study EWGLP  European Workshop for Computer- expect  expectorant Based Support for Clinical Guidelines and exper  experiment, experimental Protocols ExPGN  extracapillary proliferative glomer- EWHO  elbow-wrist-hand orthosis ulonephritis EWKY  elder Wistar-Kyoto rat expir  expiration, expiratory, expired EWL  egg-white lysozyme; evaporation water expl  exploratory loss; excess weight loss Expl Lap  exploratory laparotomy EWPHE  European Working Party on Hyper- ExpNET  Expert Network tension in the Elderly exptl  experimental EWR  European Wallstent Registry EXREM  external radiation-emission [dose EWS  Ewing sarcoma in] man EWSR  Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region EXS  external support EX  exfoliation; exsmoker EXT  exercise testing E(X)  expected value of the random vari- Ext  extraction, extract able X ext  extension; extensive; extensor; exterior; ex  exacerbation; examination, examined, external; extract; extreme, extremity examiner; example; excision; exercise; ex- extr  extract ophthalmos; exposure; extraction EXTRA  Evaluation of XT Stent for Resteno- EXA  electronic x-ray archives sis of Native Arteries  150 extrav  extravasation EYAV  Eyach virus ext rot  external rotation EYAV-FR578  Eyach virus–France 578 extub  extubation EYAV-GER  Eyach virus–Germany EXU  excretory urogram EZ  epileptogenic zone exud  exudate, exudation Ez  eczema EY  egg yolk; epidemiologic year EZE  ezetimibe EYA  egg yolk agar  151 FAA  folic acid antagonist; formaldehyde, F acetic acid, alcohol; fumarylacetoacetic  acid FA-A  Fanconi anemia A FAAH  fatty acid amide hydrolase FAAN  Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing F  bioavailability; a cell that donates F fac- FAANP  Fellow of American Academy of tor in bacterial conjugation; coefficient of Nurse Practitioners inbreeding; a conjugative plasmid in F+ bac- FAAPM  Fellow of American Academy of terial cells; degree of fineness of abrasive Pain Management particles; facies; factor; Fahrenheit; failure; FAB  fast atom bombardment; formalin am- false; family; farad; Faraday constant; fascia; monium bromide; fragment, antigen binding; fasting; fat; father; feces; fellow; female; fer- French-American-British [leukemia stag- mentation; fertility; fetal; fibroblast; fibrous; ing]; functional arm brace field of vision; filament; Filaria; fine; finger; FA-B  Fanconi anemia B flexion; flow; fluorine; flux; focal [spot]; Fab  fragment, antigen binding focus; foil; fontanel; foramen; force; form, F(ab′)2  fragment, antigen binding forma; formula; fornix; fossa; fraction, frac- Fabc  fragment, antigen, and complement tional; fracture; fragment; free; French [cath- binding eter]; frequency; frontal; frontal electrode FABER  flexion in abduction and external placement; function; fundus; Fusiformis; rotation fusion; Fusobacterium; gilbert; Helmholz FABF  femoral artery blood flow free energy; hydrocortisone; inbreeding FAB-MS  fast atom bombardment mass coefficient; left foot electrode [vectorcardi- spectrometry ography]; let there be made [Lat. fiat]; phe- FABP  fatty acid–binding protein; folate- nylalanine; variance ratio binding protein °F  degree Fahrenheit FAC  familial adenomatosis coli; femoral ar- F′  hybrid F plasmid terial cannulation; ferric ammonium citrate; F−  bacterial cell lacking an F plasmid fetal abdominal circumference; fluorescent F+  bacterial cell having an F plasmid aromatic compound; 5-fluorouracil, Adriam- F0, F1  coupling factor ycin, and cyclophosphamide; foamy alveolar F1, F2 , etc.  first, second, etc., filial genera- cast; fractional area changes; free available tion; years of fellowship study chlorine; functional aerobic capacity FI, FII, etc.  coagulation factors I, II, etc. FA-C  Fanconi anemia C F344  Fischer 344 [rat] Fac  factor f  atomic orbital with angular momentum fac  facility; to make [Lat. facere] quantum number 3; farad; fasting; father; fe- FACA  Fanconi anemia complementation male; femto-; fiber, fibrous; fingerbreadth; fis- group A; Fellow of the American College of sion; flexion; fluid; focal; foot; form, forma; Anesthetists; Fellow of the American Col- formula; fostered; fraction; fracture; fragment; lege of Angiology; Fellow of the American frequency; frontal; function; fundus; numeri- College of Apothecaries cal expression of the relative aperture of a FACAI  Fellow of the American College of camera lens Allergy and Immunology f-  femto- [10−15] FACAS  Fellow of the American College of FA  factor analysis; false aneurysm; Families Abdominal Surgeons Anonymous; Fanconi anemia; far advanced; FACB  Fanconi anemia complementation fatty acid; febrile antigen; femoral artery; group B fetal age; fibrinolytic activity; fibroadenoma; Facb  fragment, antigen, and complement fibrosing alveolitis; field ambulance; field as- binding sessment; filterable agent; filtered air; first FACC  Fanconi anemia complementation aid; flip angle; fluorescent antibody; fluores- group C; Fellow of the American College of cent assay; fluoroalanine; folic acid; follicu- Cardiologists lar area; food allergy; forearm; fortified FACCT  Foundation for Accountability aqueous [solution]; fractional anisotropy; FACD  Fanconi anemia complementation free acid; Freund adjuvant; Friedreich ataxia; group D; Fellow of the American College of functional activity; functional administration Dentists F/A  fetus active FACE  fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate fa  fatty [rat] electrophoresis  152 FACEP  Fellow of the American College of FACT  Flanagan Aptitude Classification Test; Emergency Physicians focused appendix computed tomography; FACES  Family Adaptability and Cohesion functional assessment of cancer therapy Evaluation Scale; unique facies, anorexia, FAct  fibrinolytic activity cachexia, and eye and skin lesions [syn- FACT-B  Functional Assessment of Cancer drome] Therapy-Breast FACET  Flosequinan Angiotensin Con- FACT-G  Functional Assessment of Cancer verting Enzyme-Inhibitor Trial; Fosino- Therapy-General pril Amlodipine Cardiovascular Events  FACTS  Functional Angiometric Correlation Trial with Thallium Scintigraphy [trial] FACFP  Fellow of the American College of FACTT  Fluorescent Amplification Catalyzed Family Physicians by T7-Polymerase Technique FACFS  Fellow of the American College of FACWA  familial amyotrophic chorea with Foot Surgeons acanthocytosis FACG  Fellow of the American College of FAD  familial Alzheimer dementia; familial Gastroenterology autonomic dysfunction; fetal activity- FACH  forceps to aftercoming head acceleration determination; flash-induced FACHA  Fellow of the American College of afterdischarge; flavin adenine dinucleotide Health Administrators; Fellow of the Ameri- FA-D  Fanconi anemia D can College of Hospital Administrators FADF  fluorescent antibody dark field FACHE  Fellow of the American College of FADH2  reduced form of flavin adenine Healthcare Executives dinucleotide FACIT  fibril-associated collagen with inter- FADIR  flexion in adduction and internal rupted triple helixes rotation FACL  fatty acid coenzyme ligase FADN  flavin adenine dinucleotide FACLM  Fellow of the American College of FADS  fetal akinesia deformation sequence Legal Medicine FAdV  fowl adenovirus FACMTA  Federal Advisory Council on FAE  fetal alcohol effect; follicle-associated Medical Training Aids epithelium FACN  Fellow of the American College of FA-E  Fanconi anemia E Nutrition FAED  food-avoidance emotional disorder FACNHA  Foundation of the American Col- FAEE  fatty acid ethyl ester lege of Nursing Home Administrators FAEES  fatty acid ethyl ester synthase FACNM  Fellow of the American College of FAEN  Fellow of the Academy of Emergen- Nuclear Medicine cy Nursing FACNP  Fellow of the American College of FAERS  Food and Drug Administration Ad- Nuclear Physicians verse Event Reporting System FACO  Fellow of the American College of FAES  Foundation for Advanced Education Otolaryngology in the Sciences FACOG  Fellow of the American College of FAF  fatty acid free; fibroblast-activating fac- Obstetricians and Gynecologists tor FACOS  Fellow of the American College of FAH  Federation of American Hospitals Orthopaedic Surgeons FAHIS  Florida Abuse Hotline Information FACOSH  Federal Advisory Council on Oc- System cupational Safety and Health Fahr  Fahrenheit FACP  Fellow of the American College of FaHV  falconid herpesvirus Physicians FAI  first-aid instruction; free androgen FACPE  Fellow of the American College of index; functional aerobic impairment; func- Physician Executives tional assessment inventory FACPM  Fellow of the American College of FAJ  fused apophyseal joint Preventive Medicine FAK  focal adhesion kinase FACR  Fellow of the American College of FALCPA  Food Allergen Labeling and Con- Radiology sumer Protection Act FACS  Fellow of the American College of FALG  fowl antimouse lymphocyte globulin Surgeons; fluorescence-activated cell sorter FALP  fluoro-assisted lumbar puncture FACScan  fluorescence-associated cell sort- FALS  familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; er scan forward angle light scatter FACSM  Fellow of the American College of FAM  5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mito- Sports Medicine mycin C; fuzzy associative memory  153 Fam, fam  familal, family fetal akinesia sequence; fetal alcohol syn- FAMA  Fellow of the American Medical drome Association; fluorescence-assisted mismatch FASA  Federated Ambulatory Surgery As- analysis; fluorescent antibody to membrane sociation antigen FASB  Financial Accounting Standards FAM-A  functional area model of activity Board FAM-D  functional area model of data FASC  free-standing ambulatory surgical FAME  fatty acid methyl ester center FAMG  family group fasc  fascicular, fasciculus fam hist  family history FASEB  Federation of American Societies FAMIS  Fosinopril in Acute Myocardial In- for Experimental Biology farction Study FASHP  Federation of Associations of FAMMM  familial atypical multiple-mole Schools of the Health Professions melanoma [syndrome] FAST  ferment active solution therapy; Fit- FAMOUS  Fragmin Advanced Malignancy ness, Arthritis, and Seniors Trial; flow- Outcome Study assisted, short-term [catheter]; fluorescent FAMP  fludarabine antibody staining technique; fluoro- FAN  femoral antegrade; fuchsin, amido allergosorbent test; focused abdominal so- black, and naphthol yellow nography for trauma; focused assessment FANA  fluorescent antinuclear antibody with sonography in trauma; Fourier acquired F and R  force and rhythm steady state; Frenchay Aphasia Screening FANEL  Federation for Accessible Nursing Test; functional assessment stages Education and Licensure FASTEST  Femoral Artery Stent Study FANPT  Freeman Anxiety Neurosis and Psy- FAST-MI  Field Ambulance Study of Throm- chosomatic Test bolysis in Myocardial Infarction FANTASTIC  Full Anticoagulation vs. Aspirin FAstV  feline astrovirus Ticlopidine After Stent Implantation [study] FAT  family attitudes test; fluorescent anti- FAO  Food and Agriculture Organization body technique; fluorescent antibody test FAO2  fractional alveolar oxygen FATDPA  fat dual-photon absorptiometry FAOF  family assessment of occupational FATIMA  Fraxiparin Anticoagulant Therapy functioning in Myocardial Infarction Study in Amster- FAP  familial adenomatous polyposis; famil- dam ial amyloid polyneuropathy; fatty acid poly- FatIVNA  fat in vitro neutron activation analy- unsaturated; fatty acid poor; femoral artery sis pressure; fibrillating action potential; Fibri- FATS  face and thigh squeeze [position]; Fa- nolytics vs. Primary Angioplasty [trial]; fixed milial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study; fast action potential; frozen animal procedure; adiabatic trajectory in steady state functional ambulation profile FatSat  fat saturation FAPA  Fellow of the American Psychiatric FATUWW  fat underwater weighing Association; Fellow of the American Psycho- FAV  fascio-auriculovertebral [sequence]; analytical Association feline ataxia virus; floppy aortic valve; fowl FAPHA  Fellow of the American Public adenovirus Health Association FAVS  fascio-auriculo-vertebral spectrum FAPIS  Flecainide and Propafenone Italian FAW  airway flow Study FAX, fax  facsimile FAPS  Felodipine Atherosclerosis Preven- FAZ  Fanconi-Albertini-Zellweger [syn- tion Study; French Aortic Plaque Study drome]; foveal avascular zone; fragmented FAPY  formamidopyrimidine atrial activity zone FAQ  frequently asked questions; functional FB  factor B; fascicular block; fasting blood assessment questionnaire [test]; feedback; fiberoptic bronchoscopy; FAR  fatal accident rate; federal acquisitions fingerbreadth; flexible bronchoscope, flexible regulation; fractional albumin rate bronchoscopy; foreign body; Fusobacterium far  faradic FBA  fecal bile acid FARE  Federation of Alcoholic Rehabilita- FBAO  foreign-body airway obstruction tion Establishments F-BAR  forward and backward autoregres- FARS  Fatality Analysis Reporting System sion FARV  Farallon virus FBC  full blood count FAS  Family Attitude Scale; fatty acid syn- FBCOD  foreign body of the cornea, oculus thetase; Federation of American Scientists; dexter (right eye)  154 FBCOS  foreign body of the cornea, oculus FCA  ferritin-conjugated antibodies; Freund’s sinister (left eye) complete adjuvant; functional capacity assess- FBCP  familial benign chronic pemphigus ment FBD  failed biopsy detection; forward/ FCAH  familial cytomegaly adrenocortical backward bending; functional bowel disorder hypoplasia [syndrome] fBDE  fractional balanced differential ex- FCAP  Fellow of the College of American pression Pathologists FBDO  foodborne disease outbreak FCAS  familial cold autoinflammatory syn- FbDP  fibrin degradation products drome FBDSS  Foodborne Disease Surveillance FCAT  Federative Committee on Anatomical System Terminology FBE  full blood examination F cath  Foley catheter FBEC  fetal bovine endothelial cell FCC  Federal Communications Commission; FBF  forearm blood flow; full breastfeeding follicular center cells; Food Chemicals  FBG  fasting blood glucose; fibrinogen; for- Codex eign body granulomatosis fcc  face-centered-cubic fbg  fibrinogen f/cc  fibers per cubic centimeter of air FBH  familial benign hypercalcemia FCCA  familial congenital cardiac abnormal- FBHH  familial benign hypocalciuric hyper- ity calcemia FCCH  family child care home FBI  flossing, brushing, and irrigation FCCL  follicular center cell lymphoma FBID  found in bed dead FCCSET  Federal Coordinating Committee FBJMSV  Finkel-Biskis-Jinkins murine sar- for Science, Engineering, and Technology coma virus FCD  feces collection device; fibrocystic dis- FBL  follicular basal lamina ease; fibrocystic dysplasia; focal cytoplasmic FBLN  fibulin degradation FBM  felbamate; fetal breathing movements; FCE  fibrocartilaginous embolism fractional/fractal brownian motion FceR  fragment receptor for immunoglobu- FBN  Federal Bureau of Narcotics; fibribillin lin E FBP  femoral blood pressure; fibrin break- FCF  fetal cardiac frequency; fibroblast che- down product; filtered backprojection; motactic factor folate-binding protein; fructose-1, 6-biphos- FCFC  fibroblast colony-forming cell phatase FcγR  fragment receptor for immunoglobu- FBPM  forward-backward Prony method lin G FBPsS  Fellow of the British Psychological FCH  faculty contact hour; family care home; Society fetal cystic hygroma FBR  fetal breathing rate FCHL  familial combined hyperlipidemia FBS  fasting blood sugar; feedback system; FChS  Fellow of the Society of Chiropodists fetal bovine serum; film-based system FCHSP  Flight Crew Health Stabilization FBSC  Frederick Biomedical Supercomput- Program ing Center FCI  fixed-cell immunofluorescence; folded FBSS  failed back surgery syndrome; field- cell index; food chemical intolerance; free based similarity searching fasciocutaneous flap FC  family coping; fasciculus cuneatus; fast FCIM  Federated Council for Internal Medi- component; febrile convulsions; feline con- cine junctivitis; ferric chloride; ferric citrate; fi- fCJD  familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease brocyte; finger clubbing; finger counting; FCL  fibroblast cell line flow compensation; fluorescein conjugated; fcly  face lying fluorocarbon; fluorocytosine; fold change; FCM  flow cytometry; fuzzy cognitive map Foley catheter; follicle culture; foster care; [algorithm] fowl cholera; free cholesterol; frontal cortex; FCMC  familial chronic mucocutaneous can- functional castration didiasis; family-centered maternity care 5-FC  flucytosine; 5-fluorocytosine FCMD  Fukuyama congenital muscular dys- F+C  flare and cells trophy Fc  centroid frequency; fraction/centrifuge; FCMS  Fellow of the College of Medicine fragment, crystallizable and Surgery; Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome Fc′  fragment of immunoglobulin molecule FCMW  Foundation for Child Mental Wel- produced by papain digestion fare fc  cutoff frequency; foot candles FCN  food contact notification  155 FCO  Fellow of the College of Osteopathy FDB  familial defective apolipoprotein B; FCoV  feline coronavirus First Databank FCP  F-cell production; femoral hole coronal FDBL  fecal daily blood loss positioning; final common pathway; Func- FDC  factor-dependent cell; follicular den- tional Communication Profile dritic cell FCPN  fuzzy colored Petri net FD&C  Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; food, FCPR  fatigue crack propagation rate drugs, and cosmetics FCPS  Fellow of the College of Physicians FDCA  Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and Surgeons FDCM  familial dilated cardiomyopathy FCR  flexor carpi radialis; fractional cata- FDCPA  Food, Drug, and Consumer Product bolic rate; Fuji computed radiography Agency FcR  fragment receptor FDD  fluorescent differential display; Food FCRA  fecal collection receptacle assembly; and Drugs Directorate; frequency division Fellow of the College of Radiologists of Aus- duplex tralasia FDDC  ferric dimethyldithiocarbonate FCRC  Frederick Cancer Research Center FDDI  fiber distributed data interface; film FcRγ  fragment receptor gamma chain distribution data interface FCS  fasciocutaneoskeletal syndrome; fecal FDDS  Family Drawing Depression Scale containment system; feedback control sys- FDE  female day-equivalent; final drug eval- tem; fetal calf serum; food contact substanc- uation es; foot compartment syndrome FDECU  field-employable environmental FCSP  Fellow of the Chartered Society of control unit Physiotherapy FDF  fast death factor; fractional dimension FCST  Fellow of the College of Speech Ther- filtering apists FDFQ  Food/Drink Frequency Questionnaire FCSW  female commercial sex worker FDFT  farnesyldiphosphate farnesyltransfer- FCT  food composition table; fucosyl trans- ase ferase FDG  features of differential diagnosis; fluo- FCU  familial cold urticaria; flexor carpi ul- rine 18-labeled deoxyglucose; fluorodeoxy- naris glucose FCV  feline calicivirus; fowl calicivirus fdg  feeding FCx  frontal cortex FDGF  fibroblast-derived growth factor FCXM  flow cytometric cross matching FDG-PET  fluorodeoxyglucose positron emis- FCZ  fluconazole sion tomography FD  familial dysautonomia; family doctor; FDH  familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyrox- fan douche; fatal dose; fetal danger; fibrin inemia; focal dermal hypoplasia; formalde- derivative; fibrous dysplasia; floppy disk; hyde dehydrogenase focal distance; Folin-Denis [assay]; follicular FDI  facial disability index; fibrillation de- diameter; foot drop; forceps delivery; Fourier tection interval; first dorsal interosseous descriptor; fractal dimension; fracture- [muscle]; frequency domain imaging; func- dislocation; freeze drying; functional days tional disability index; International Dental  FD1  from day 1 Federation [Fr. Fédération Dentaire Inter- FD2  from day 2 nationale] FD50  median fatal dose FDIU  fetal death in utero Fd  amino-terminal portion of the heavy FDK  Feldkamp [algorithm] chain of an immunoglobulin molecule; fer- FDL  flexor digitorum longus redoxin FDLMP  first day of last menstrual period fd  fundus FDLO  fluorescent dye-labeled oligonucle- FDA  Fisher discriminant analysis; fluore­ otide scein diacetate; Food and Drug Administra- FDLV  fer-de-lance virus tion; right frontoanterior [position] FDM  fetus of diabetic mother; fibrous dys- FDA-CBER  Food and Drug Administration plasia of the mandible; finite differentiation Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research method; fluorodeoxymannose FDAM  fuzzy logic–based decision analysis FDMP  fluid depth at Morison’s pouch module FDNB  fluorodinitrobenzene FDAMA  Food and Drug Administration FDO  fleet dental officer Modernization Act FDOPA  fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine FDAW  film digitizer acquisition worksta- FDP  family doctor practice; fibrin degrada- tion tion product; fibrinogen degradation product;  156 flexor digitorum profundus; fructose-1,6- FEDRIP  Federal Research in Progress diphosphate; left frontoposterior [position] FedStats  federal statistics FDPase  fructose-1,6-diphosphatase FEE  forced equilibrating expiration FDPM  frequency domain photon migration FEEG  fetal electroencephalography FDPS  farnesyl diphosphate synthetase FEER  field echo with even echo rephasing FDPSL  farnesyl diphosphate synthetase-like FEESST  flexible endoscopic evaluation of FDQB  flexor digiti quinti brevis swallowing with sensory testing FDR  first-degree relative; fractional disap- FEF  forced expiratory flow pearance rate FEF25–75  forced expiratory flow at 25% to FDS  Fellow in Dental Surgery; fiber duode- 75% of forced vital capacity noscope; flexor digitorum superficialis FEF50  forced expiratory flow at 50% of FDSRCSEng  Fellow in Dental Surgery of forced vital capacity the Royal College of Surgeons of England FEF50/FIF50  ratio of expiratory flow to FDT  frequency doubling technique; right inspiratory flow at 50% of forced vital  frontotransverse [position] capacity FDTD  finite difference time domain FEFO  first expired first out FdUrd  fluorodeoxyuridine FEFV  forced expiratory flow volume (F)dUTP  fluorescent deoxyuridine triphos- fEGG  fast electrogastrogram phate FEH  focal epithelial hyperplasia FDV  Fiji disease virus; foliar decay virus; FEHBARS  Federal Employee Health Bene- Friend disease virus fit Acquisition Regulations FDWT  fast dyadic wavelet transform FEHBP  Federal Employee Health Benefits FDXD  flat dynamic x-ray image detector Program FDZ  fetal danger zone FEHBP-MSA  Federal Employees Health FE  fatty ester; fecal emesis; fetal erythro- Benefits Program-Medical Savings Account blastosis; fetal erythrocyte; figure eight; finite Fe+2Hgb  ferromethemoglobin element; fluid extract; fluorescent erythro- Fe+3Hgb  ferrimethemoglobin cyte; forced expiration; formaldehyde- FeHV  felid herpesvirus ethanol; frequency-encoded; frozen embryo FEIBA  factor VIII bypassing activity Fe  female; ferret FEKG  fetal electrocardiogram Fe  fraction excreted FEL  familial erythrophagocytic lymphohis- fe  female tiocytosis; free electron laser FEA  finite element analysis FELASA  Federation of European Laborato- feb  fever [Lat. febris] ry Animal Science Associations FEBP  fetal estrogen-binding protein FELC  Friend erythroleukemia cell FEBS  Federation of European Biochemical FeLV  feline leukemia virus Societies FEM  female; femoral, femur; finite element FEB SZ  febrile seizures method; finite element model; finite element FEC  fixed excitation codebook; forced expi- modeling techniques; fixed-effect model ratory capacity; free erythrocyte copropor- fem  female; femoral, femur phyrin; free-standing emergency center; FEMA  Federal Emergency Management Friend erythroleukemia cell Agency FECG  fetal electrocardiogram FEMINA  Felodipine ER and Metoprolol in FECH  ferrochelatase the Treatment of Angina Pectoris FECO2  fractional concentration of carbon di- fem intern  at inner side of the thighs [Lat. oxide in expired gas femoribus internus] FECP  free erythrocyte coproporphyrin FEN  flap endonuclease; fluids, electrolytes, FECSR  flexion-extension cervical spine ra- nutrition diography Fen  fenfluramine FECT  fibroelastic connective tissue FENa, FENa  fractional excretion of sodium FECU  factor VIII correctional unit FEO  familial expansile osteolysis FECV  feline enteric coronavirus FEO2, FEO2  fractional concentration of oxy- FECVC  functional extracellular fluid volume gen in expired gas FED  field emission display; figure-eight dis- FEOBV  fluoroethoxybenzylvesamicol tribution; fish eye disease; functional esopha- FEP  fluorinated ethylene-propylene; free geal disorder erythrocyte protoporphyrin; front-end pro- FeD  iron deficiency cessing; front-end processor Fed  federal FEPB  functional electronic peroneal brace FedNets  Federal agency networks FEPP  free erythrocyte protoporphyrin  157 FER  flexion, extension, rotation; frac- FFDCA  Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic tional esterification rate; functional entity Act relationship FFDD  focal facial dermal dysplasia fert  fertility, fertilized FFDM  full-field digital mammography FES  family environment scale; fat emboli FFDSRCS  Fellow of the Faculty of syndrome, fat embolism syndrome; flame Dental Surgery of the Royal College of  emission spectroscopy; forced expiratory Surgeons spirogram; functional electrical stimulation FFDW  fat-free dry weight Fe/S  iron/sulfur FFE  fast field echo; fecal fat excretion FESO4  ferrous sulfate FFF  degree of fineness of abrasive particles; FESS  functional endoscopic sinus surgery field-flow fractionation; flicker fusion fre- FEST  Fosinopril Efficacy/Safety Trial; Fos- quency inopril on Exercise Tolerance [study]; Frame- FFG  free fat graft work for European Services in Telemedicine FFGA  Fonseca and Flaming algorithm FeSV  feline sarcoma virus FFHC  federally funded health center FET  field-effect transistor; forced expiratory FFHom  Fellow of the Faculty of Home­ time; frozen embryo transfer opathy FETE  Far Eastern tick-borne encephalitis FFI  family function index; fatal familial in- FETs  forced expiratory time in seconds somnia; foot function index; free from infec- FEUO  for external use only tion; fundamental frequency indicator FEV  familial exudative vitreoretinopathy; FFIT  fluorescent focus inhibition test forced expiratory volume FFL  flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy FEV1, FEV1  forced expiratory volume in FFM  fat-free mass; friction force microsco- one second py; fundus flavimaculatus FEV1%  ratio of forced expiratory volume in FFMDXA  fat-free mass dual-energy x-ray 1 second to forced vital capacity absorptiometry fev  fever FFMHYD  fat-free mass hydrodensitometry FEVB  frequency ectopic ventricular beat FFNS  fluticasone furoate nasal spray fEVP  flash-evoked visual potential FFOM  Fellow of the Faculty of Occupa- FEVR  familial exudative vitreoretinopathy tional Medicine FF  degree of fineness of abrasive particles; FFP  freedom from progression; fresh frozen fat free; father factor; fecal frequency; fertil- plasma ity factor; field of Forel; filtration fraction; FFQ  food frequency questionnaire fine fiber; fine focus; finger flexion; finger to FFR  Fellow of the Faculty of Radiologists finger; fixation fluid; flat feet; flip-flop; fluo- FFROM  full and free range of motion rescent focus; follicular fluid; force fluids; FFS  failure-free survival; fat-free solids; fee forearm factor; forearm flow; forward flex- for service; femoro-facial syndrome ion; foster father; free fluids; free fraction; FFT  fast Fourier transform; finite Fourier fresh frozen; fundus firm transform; flicker fusion test; flicker fusion F-F  femoro-femoral threshold F2F  face-to-face FFTF  freedom from treatment failure ff+  fertility inhibition positive FFU  femur-fibula-ulna [syndrome]; focal ff−  fertility inhibition negative forming unit FFA  Fellow of the Faculty of Anaesthetists; FFV  feline foamy virus; fruit fly virus free fatty acid; fundus fluorescein angiogra- FFW  fat-free weight phy FFWB  foot flat, weight bearing FFAP  free fatty acid phase FFWC  fractional free water clearance FFARCS  Fellow of the Faculty of Anaesthe- FFWW  fat-free wet weight tists of the Royal College of Surgeons FG  fasciculus gracilis; fast glycolytic [fiber]; FFAST  formal FAST computed tomography Feeley-Gorman [agar]; fibrin glue; fibrino- FFB  fat-free body; flexible fiberoptic bron- gen; Flemish giant [rabbit] choscopy fg  femtogram; flammable gas detector FFC  fixed flexion contracture; fluorescence FGA  fibrinogen alpha flow cytometry; free from chlorine FGB  fibrinogen beta FFCM  Fellow of the Faculty of Community FGC  fibrinogen gel chromatography Medicine FGD  fatal granulomatous disease FFD  Fellow in the Faculty of Dentistry; FgDP  fibrinogen degradation products finger-to-floor distance; focus-film distance; FGDS  fibrogastroduodenoscopy free-form deformations FGDY  faciogenital dysplasia  158 FGF  father’s grandfather; fibroblast growth FHIP  family health insurance plan factor; fresh gas flow FHIS  Farm Health Interview Survey FGF1  fibroblast growth factor 1 FHIT  fragile histidine triad FGF2  fibroblast growth factor 2 FHL  flexor hallucis longus; Food Hygiene FGFA  fibroblast growth factor, acidic Laboratory; functional health literacy; func- FGFB  fibroblast growth factor, basic tional hearing loss FGFR  fibroblast growth factor receptor FHM  familial hemiplegic migraine; fathead FGG  fibrinogen gamma; focal global glo- minnow [cells] merulosclerosis; fowl gammaglobulin FHN  family history negative FGGM  finite generalized gaussian mixture FHNH  fetal heart not heard FGH  formylglutathione hydrolase FHP  family history positive; functional FGID  functional gastrointestinal disorder health pattern FGL  fasting gastrin level; fasting glucose FHPMHP  family history of physical and level mental health problems FGM  father’s grandmother; female genital FHPSAT  Functional Health Pattern Screen- mutilation ing Assessment Tool FGN  fibrinogen; focal glomerulonephritis; FHR  familial hypophosphatemic rickets; fractional gaussian noise fetal heart rate FGP  fundic gland polyp fH-R  factor H receptor FGR  familial glucocorticoid resistance; fi- FHRDC  family history research diagnostic nite time growth criteria FGS  fibrogastroscopy; focal glomerular FHRH  femoral head resurfacing hemiarthro- sclerosis; formal genesis syndrome plasty FGT  fluorescent gonorrhea test FHRNST  fetal heart rate nonstress test FH  facial hemihyperplasia; familial hyper- FHRS  Familial Hypercholesterolemia Re- cholesterolemia; familial hypertension; family gression Study history; fasting hyperbilirubinemia; favorable FHS  Family Heart Study; fetal heart sound; histology; femoral hernia; femoral hypoplasia; fetal hydantoin syndrome; Floating Harbor femur head; fetal head; fetal heart; fibromus- syndrome; Framingham Heart Study cular hyperplasia; field hospital; flat hyperpla- FH-S  soluble fumarate hydratase sia; follicular hyperplasia; Frankfort horizontal FHSA  Family Health Service Authority [plane]; fumarate hydratase FHSD  family history of sudden death FH+  family history positive FHS-SCAN  Family Heart Study Subclinical FH−  family history negative Atherosclerosis Network FH4  tetrahydrofolic acid FHT  fast Hartley transform; fetal heart; fetal fh  fostered by hand heart tone FHA  familial hypoplastic anemia; Fellow of FHTG  familial hypertriglyceridemia the Institute of Hospital Administrators; fila- FH-UFS  femoral hypoplasia-unusual facies mentous hemagglutinin syndrome FHAB  freshwater harmful algal blooms FHV  falcon herpesvirus; flock house virus FHADES  Farm Hazard and Demographic FHVP  free hepatic vein pressure Enumeration Survey FHx  family history FHB  flexor hallucis brevis FI  factor 1; fasciculus intrafascicularis; fever FH/BC  frontal horn/bicaudate ratio caused by infection; fibrinogen; fixed inter- FHC  familial hypercholesterolemia; familial val; flame ionization; follicular involution; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; family health food insecurity; food intolerance; forced in- center; Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation; Fuchs spiration; frontoiliac; full scan with interpo- heterochromic cyclitis lation FHD  familial histiocytic dermatoarthritis; FIA  fistula in ano; fluorescent immunoassay; family history of diabetes; femoral head di- focal immunoassay; Freund incomplete adju- ameter; fetal heart disease vant FHF  fetal heart frequency; fulminant hepatic FIAC  2′-fluoro-5-iodo-aracytosine failure FIB  Fellow of the Institute of Biology; fi- fHg  free hemoglobin brin; fibrinogen; fibrositis; fibula FHH  familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia; fib  fiber; fibrillation; fibrin; fibrinogen; fib- fawn-hooded hypertensive [rat]; fetal heart ula heard FIC  finite-sample information criterion; FHI  Family Health International; Fuchs’ het- Fogarty International Center; fractional in- erochromic iridocyclitis hibitory concentration  159 FICA  faith and belief, importance, commu- FINRISK  Finland Cardiovascular Risk nity, address/action; Federal Insurance Con- Study tributions Act; fluoroimmunocytoadherence FINV  Fin V 707 virus FICD  Fellow of the Institute of Canadian FIO2, FiO2  fractional concentration of oxy- Dentists; Fellow of the International College gen in inspired gas of Dentists FIO2  forced inspiratory oxygen; fractional FiCO2, FICO2  fractional concentration of concentration of oxygen in inspired gas carbon dioxide in inspired gas FIP  feline infectious peritonitis; Internation- FICS  Fellow of the International College of al Pharmaceutical Federation Surgeons FIPA  familial intestinal polyatresia [syn- FICSIT  Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative drome] Studies of Intervention Techniques FIPS  Federal information processing stan- FICU  fetal intensive care unit dards; Frankfurt Isoptin Progression Study FID  flame ionization detector; free induction FIPV  feline infectious peritonitis virus decay; fungal immunodiffusion FIQ  full-scale intelligence quotient FIDD  fetal iodine deficiency disorder FIR  far infrared; finite impulse response; FIELD  Fenofibrate Intervention and Event fold increase in resistance; fractional intra- Lowering in Diabetes [trial] mural retention FIF  feedback inhibition factor; fibroblast in- FIRDA  frontal, intermittent rhythmic delta terferon; forced inspiratory flow; formalde- activity hyde-induced fluorescence FIRM  formal inference-based recursive FIF50  forced inspiratory flow at 50% of modeling forced vital capacity FIRST  Flolan International Randomized FIFO  first in, first out Survival Trial FIFR  fasting intestinal flow rate FIS  fatigue interview schedule; forced inspi- FIFRA  Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and ratory spirogram; free induction signal Rodenticide Act fis  fission FIG  Flosequinan Investigator Group FISAC  Federal Information Services and FIGD  familial idiopathic gonadotropin defi- Application Council ciency FISH  Finnish Isradipine Study in Hyperten- FIGE  field inversion gel electrophoresis sion; fluorescence in situ hybridization FIGLU, FIGlu  formiminoglutamate, formim- FISP  fast imaging with steady state preci- inoglutamic acid sion FIGLU-uria  formiminoglutaminaciduria FISS  Fraxiparine in Stroke Study FIGO  International Federation of Gynecol- fist  fistula ogy and Obstetrics [Fr. Fédération Interna- FIT  fluorescein isothiocyanate; Fracture In- tionale de Gynécologie et d’Obstetrique] tervention Trial; fusion inferred threshold FIH  familial isolated hypoparathyroidism; FITC  fluorescein isothiocyanate fat-induced hyperglycemia FIUO  for internal use only fil  filament; filial FIV  feline immunodeficiency virus; forced filt  filter, filtration inspiratory volume FIM  familial infantile myasthenia; field ion FIV1  forced inspiratory volume in one sec- microscopy; fimbria; fluorescence-imaged ond microdeformation; functional independence FIVC  forced inspiratory vital capacity measure FIVE  familial isolated vitamin E [deficiency] FIMG  familial infantile myasthenia gravis FIV-O  feline immunodeficiency virus Oma FIMLT  Fellow of the Institute of Medical FIV-P  feline immunodeficiency virus Peta- Laboratory Technology luma FIMS  Interational Federation of Sports FIXAg  factor IX antigen Medicine [Fr. Fédération Internationale de FJN  familial juvenile nephrophthisis Médecine du Sport] FJRM  full joint range of movement FIN  fine intestinal needle FJS  finger joint size FINCC  familial idiopathic nonarterioscle- FK  feline kidney rotic cerebral calcification FK506  tacrolimus FIND  finding FKBP  FK506 binding protein FINESS  First International New Intravascu- FK-NN  fuzzy K–nearest neighbor lar Rigid-Flex Endovascular Stent Study FKT  Fukunaga-Koontz transform FINMONICA  Finnish Monitoring Trends FL  false lumen; fatty liver; feline leu- and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases kemia; femur length; fibers of Luschka;  160 fibroblast-like; filtration leukapheresis; focal FLS  fatty liver syndrome; Fellow of the Lin- length; follicular lymphoma; Friend leu- nean Society; fibrous long-spacing [colla- kemia; frontal lobe; full liquid; functional gen]; filmless system; fixed least squares length; fuzzy logic [algorithm]; flow-limiting segment FL-2  feline lung [cells] FLSP  fluorescein-labeled serum protein Fl  fluid; fluorescence FLT  left frontotransverse fL  femtoliter FLU  fluconazole; flumazenil; flunitrazepam; fl  femtoliter, filtered load; flexible, flex- 5-fluorouracil; fluoxetine; fluphenazine; fluta- ion; flow; fluid; fluorescent; flutter; foot-  mide lambert flu  influenza FLA  fluorescent-labeled antibody; left fron- FLUAV  Influenza A virus toanterior FLUBV  Influenza B virus FLAC, FL/AC  femur length/abdominal cir- FLUCV  Influenza C virus cumference ratio FLUENT  Fluvastatin Long-Term Extension flac  flaccid, flaccidity Trial FLAIR  fluid-attenuated inversion recovery fluor  fluorescence; fluorescent; fluorome- FLAIR-FLASH  fluid-attenuated inversion try; fluoroscopy recovery, fast low-angle shot fluoro  fluoroscope, fluoroscopy FLAK  flow artifact killer FLV  feline leukemia virus; Friend leukemia FLAP  5-lipooxygenase activating protein virus; fuzzy linguistic value FLARE  Fluvastatin Angioplasty Restenosis FM  face mask; facilities management; fam- [trial] ily medicine; fat mass; feedback mechanism; FLASH  fast low-angle shot fetal movement; fibrin monomer; fibro- FLAV  Flanders virus muscular; fibromyalgia; Fielding-Magliato  FLC  family life cycle; fatty liver cell; fetal [classification]; filtered mass; flavin mono- liver cell; Fourier linear combiner; free light nucleotide; flowmeter; fluid movement; chain; Friend leukemia cell fluorescent microscopy; foramen magnum; FLCL  follicular large cell lymphoma forensic medicine; foster mother; frequency FlCV  flame chlorosis virus modulation; functional movement FLD  fibrotic lung disease; field hospital; FM2  flunitrazepam Fisher’s linear discriminate [classification]; Fm  fermium frontal lobe degeneration fM  full mutation fld  fluid f-M  free metanephrine fl dr  fluid dram fm  femtometer; femtomole FLDV  flounder lymphocystis disease FMA  Frankfort mandibular angle; free of FLE  fiducial localization error microcalcifications; full matrix analysis; FLEQUIN  Flecainide Compared to Oral functional motor activity Quinidine [study] FMAP  feeding mean arterial pressure FLEV  Flexal virus FMAT  fetal movement acceleration test FLEX  Federation Licensing Examination fmax  maximum frequency flex  flexion, flexor FMC  family medicine center; field medical FLEXOR  Focused Lesion Expansion Opti- card; flight medicine clinic; focal macular mizes Result [trial] choroidopathy; foundation for medical care FLG  filaggrin FMCG  fetal magnetocardiography FLIC  functional living index, cancer FMCL  follicular mixed-cell lymphoma FLICC  Federal Library and Information Cen- FMD  facility medical director; family medi- ter Committee cal doctor; fibromuscular dysplasia; flow- FLK  funny-looking kid mediated dilation; foot and mouth disease; FLKS  fatty liver and kidney syndrome frontometaphyseal dysplasia FLM  fasciculus longitudinalis medialis; FMDI  frequency modulation detection inter- fraction of labeled mitosis ference FLO  Fourier linear combiner FMDV  foot and mouth disease virus floc  flocculation FME  full mouth extraction Flops  floating point operations per second FMEA  failure modes and effects analysis fl oz  fluid ounce Fmed  median frequency FLP  fixed linear paralleling; functional limi- FMEG  fetal magnetoencephalography tations profile; left frontoposterior FMEL  Friend murine erythroleukemia FLR  fluorescent-labeled reference; funny- FMEN  familial multiple endocrine neopla- looking rash sia  161 F-met, fMet  formyl methionine FMX  full mouth x-ray FMF  familial Mediterranean fever; fetal FMZ  flumazenil movement felt; flow microfluorometry; FN  false negative; fecal nitrogen; fibronec- forced midexpiratory flow tin; FitzHugh-Nagumo [model]; fluoride FMFD V  familial multiple coagulation fac- number tor deficiency V F-N  finger to nose FMFM  full mutation/full methylation fn  function FMG  five-mesh gauze; foreign medical FNA  fine-needle aspiration graduate FNAB  fine-needle aspiration biopsy FMGEMS  Foreign Medical Graduate Ex- FNAC  fine-needle aspiration cytology amination in Medical Sciences fNaDC  flounder sodium dicarboxylate FMH  family medical history; fat-mobilizing FNB  fine-needle biopsy; food and nutrition hormone; fetomaternal hemorrhage; fibro- board muscular hyperplasia; first metatarsal head FNBMD  femoral neck bone mineral density FMI  fat mass index; Foods and Moods In- FnBPA  fibronectin-binding protein A ventory FnBPB  fibronectin-binding protein B FMIBMA  fiber movement–induced biologic FNC  Family Nurse Clinician; fatty nutri- movement artifacts tional cirrhosis; full nursing care FML  flail mitral leaflet; fluorometholone FNCJ  fine-needle catheter jejunostomy FMLA  Family and Medical Leave Act FND  febrile neutrophilic dermatosis; fronto- FMLP  formylpeptide; N-formyl-methionyl- nasal dysplasia; functional neck dissection leucyl-phenylalanine f-NE  free norepinephrine f-MLP  N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl- Fneg  false negative alanine FNF  false-negative fraction; femoral neck FMN  first malignant neoplasm; flavin fracture mononucleotide; frontomaxillonasal FNFMG  foreign national foreign medical FMNH, FMNH2  reduced form of flavin school graduate mononucleotide FNH  focal nodular hyperplasia FMO  flavin monooxygenase; fleet medical FNHR  febrile nonhemolytic reaction officer; flight medical officer FNHTR  febrile nonhemolytic transfusion fmol  femtomole reaction FMP  faculty mentorship program; first men- FNIC  Food and Nutrition Information Cen- strual period; fructose monophosphate ter FMPIR  fast multiplanar inversion recovery FNL  fibronectin-like FMPM  full mutation/partial methylation f-NM  free normetanephrine FMPP  familial male precocious puberty FNN  false nearest neighbor FMPSPGR  fast multiplanar spoiled gradient FNP  family nurse practitioner recalled FNR  false-negative rate; fibronectin recep- FMR  fragile site mental retardation [syn- tor drome]; Friend-Moloney-Rauscher [antigen] FNRA  fibronectin receptor alpha fMRA  functional magnetic resonance angi- FNRB  fibronectin receptor beta ography FNRBL  fibronectin receptor beta–like F MRI  fluorine magnetic resonance imaging FNS  frontier nursing service; functional fMRI  functional magnetic resonance imag- neuromuscular stimulation ing FNT  false neurochemical transmitter; farne- FMRP  fragile site mental retardation [syn- syltransferase drome] protein FNTA  farnesyltransferase alpha FMS  fat-mobilizing substance; fatty meal FNTB  farnesyltransferase beta sonogram; Fellow of the Medical Society; FNTC  fine-needle transhepatic cholangiog- fibromyalgia syndrome; Finnish Multicenter raphy Study; Fragmin Multicenter Study; full FNZ  flunarizine mouth series FO  fiberoptic; fish oil; foot arthrosis; fora- FMT  fecal microbiota transplantation; Frag- men ovale; forced oscillation; fronto- min Multicenter Trial; frequency modulation occipital detection threshold Fo  fomentation, fomenting FMTC  familial medullary thyroid cancer FOA  Federation of Orthodontic Associa- fMTT  first-moment mean transit time tions FMU  first morning urine FOAR  facio-oculo-acoustico-renal [syn- F-MuLV  Friend murine leukemia virus drome]  162 FOAVF  failure of all vital forces fixation protein; flank pain; flash point; flavin FOB  father of baby; fecal occult blood; feet phosphate; flavoprotein; flexor profundus; out of bed; fiberoptic bronchoscopy; foot of flow probe; fluid percussion; fluid pressure; bed; functional observational battery fluorescence polarization; fluorescent probe; FOBT  fecal occult blood test fluticazone propionate; follicular phase; food FOC  fronto-occipital circumference poisoning; food processing; forearm pro- FOCAL  formula calculation nated; freezing point; frontoparietal; fron- FOD  figure of demerit [radiotherapy]; topolar; frozen plasma; full period; fusion focus-to-object distance; free of disease peptide; fusion point F-ODN  fluorescein-labeled oligodeoxyribo- F-P  frontopopliteal nucleotide F:P, F/P  fluorescence/protein ratio FOF  found on floor F1P, F-1-P  fructose-1-phosphate FOG  fast oxidative glycolytic [fiber] F6P, F-6-P  fructose-6-phosphate FOL  folate Fp  fibrinopeptide; frontal polar electrode FOLR  folate receptor placement FOM  figure of merit fp  flexor pollicis; foot-pound; forearm pro- FOMi  5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and mito- nated; freezing point mycin C FPA  Family Planning Association; Federal F-OMP  fluorescein-labeled oligonucleoside Privacy Act; fibrinopeptide A/alpha; filter methylphosphonate paper activity; fluorophenylalanine; foot pro- FOOB  fell out of bed gression angle FOOD  Feed or Ordinary Diet [trial] FpA  fibrinopeptide A/alpha FOOSH  fell onto outstretched hand FPB  femoral popliteal bypass; fibrino- FOP  fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva; peptide B/beta; flexor pollicis brevis forensic pathology FpB  fibrinopeptide B/beta FOPR  full outpatient rate FPBA  fluorescence photobleaching analysis F-OPT  fluorescein-labeled oligonucleoside FPBC  false-positive blood culture phosphorothioate FPC  familial polyposis coli; family planning For  foramen; forensic clinic; fish protein concentrate for  foreign; formula FPCA  family practice comfort assessment FORECAST  Fractional Flow Reserve or FpCA   1-fluoromethyl-2-p-chlorophenyl- Relative Fractional Velocity Reserve Evalu- ethylamine ation of Coronary Artery Stenosis vs. Thal- FPD  familial platelet disorder; fetopelvic lium disproportion; flame photometric detector; FORIMG  foreign national international flat panel detector medical school graduate FPDM  fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes form  formula mellitus FORT  Fish Oil Restenosis Trial FPE  fatal pulmonary embolism; field place- FORTRAN  formula translation ment error; final prediction error FORV  Forecariah virus F-18-PET  fluoride ion-positron emission FOS  fast orthogonal search; fiberoptic sig- tomography moidoscopy; fixation-off sensitivity; frac- FPF  false-positive fraction; fibroblast pneu- tional osteoid surface; Framingham Offspring mocyte factor Study FPG  fasting plasma glucose; fluorescence FOSIT  Fosamax International Trial plus Giemsa; focal proliferative glomerulo- Fos-R  foscarnet-resistant nephritis Fos-R HIV  foscarnet-resistant human im- FPGA  field programmable gate array; field munodeficiency virus programmable generic array FOSS  Framingham Offspring Spouse Study FPGS  folylpolyglutamate synthetase FOUV  Foula virus FPH2  reduced form of flavin phosphate FOV  field of view FPHE  formaldehyde-treated pyruvaldehyde- FOX  ferrous xylenol orange stabilized human erythrocytes FP  false positive; familial porencephaly; FPHT  fosphenytoin family physician; family planning; family FPI  femoral pulsatility index; flat panel im- practice; family practitioner; Fanconi pancy- ager; fluid percussion injury; formula protein topenia; fast pathway; femoropopliteal; feto- intolerance; Freiburg Personality Identifica- protein; fibrinolytic potential; fibrinopeptide; tion Questionnaire fibrous proliferation; field pronouncement; FPIA  fluorescence polarization immuno­ filling pressure; filter paper; finite particle; assay  163 FPK  fructose phosphokinase Fr  fracture; francium; franklin [unit charge]; FPL  familial partial lipodystrophy; fasting French; frequency or frequent plasma lipids; flexor pollicis longus fR  respiratory frequency FPLC  fast protein liquid chromatography Fr1  first fraction FPLV  feline panleukemia virus FRA  fibrinogen-related antigen; fluorescent FPM  filter paper microscopic [test]; fine par- rabies antibody ticle mass; full passive movements fra  fragile fpm  feet per minute FRAC  Food Research and Action Center FPN  ferric chloride, perchloric acid, nitric frac, fract  fracture acid [solution]; fuzzy Petri net FrAdV  frog adenovirus FPNP  Family Planning Nurse Practitioner F( )R:Ag  factor ( ) related antigen FPO  faciopalatoosseous [syndrome]; Fed- FRAME  Fund for the Replacement of Ani- eration of Prosthodontic Organizations; mals in Medical Experiments freezing point osmometer FRAMI  Fragmin in Acute Myocardial In- FPP  faculty practice plan; free portal pres- farction [study] sure FRAP  fluorescence recovery after photo- FPPG  finger photoplethysmography bleaching FPPH  familial primary pulmonary hyper- FRAT  free radical assay technique tension FRAX  fragile X [chromosome] FPR  false-positive rate; finger peripheral fra(X)  chromosome X fragility; fragile X resistance; fluorescence photobleaching re- chromosome, fragile X syndrome covery; fractional proximal resorption; N- FRAXA  fragile X syndrome A formylpeptide receptor FRAXE  fragile X syndrome E FPRA  first-pass radionuclide angiogram FRAXIDIS  Fraxiparine in Post-Hospital FPRH  N-formylpeptide receptor homolog Discharge [study] FPRP  false-positive report probability FRAXIS  Fraxiparine in Ischemic Syn- FPS  farnesylpyrophosphate synthetase; Fel- dromes [study] low of the Pathological Society; Fellow of FRAX-MR  fragile X mental retardation the Pharmaceutical Society; fetal PCB (poly- [syndrome] chlorinated biphenyl) syndrome; footpad FRAXODI  Fraxiparine Once Daily Injec- swelling; frames per second tion [study] fps  feet per second; frames per second Fr BB  fracture of both bones FPSA  fractional positive surface area FRC  Federal Radiation Council; fiber- FPSL  farnesylpyrophosphate synthetase–like reinforced composite; frozen red cells; func- FPS-R  Faces Pain Scale-Revised tional reserve capacity; functional residual FPSTS  false-positive serologic test for capacity syphilis F( )R:C  factor ( ) related cofactor activity FPT  farnesyl protein transferase; femoro- FRCD  Fellow of the Royal College of Den- popliteal tibial tists; fixed-ratio combination drug FPTase  farnesyl-protein transferase FRCGP  Fellow of the Royal College of FPV  Facey’s Paddock virus; feline parvovi- General Practitioners rus; feline pseudoleukemia virus; feline pseu- FRCN  Fellow of the Royal College of Nurs- doleukopenia virus; femoral-popliteal vein; ing fosamprenavir; fowl plague virus; fowlpox FRCNA  Fellow of the Royal College of virus; Fraser point virus Nursing, Australia FPVB  femoral popliteal vein bypass FRCOG  Fellow of the Royal College of Ob- FQHC  federally qualified health center stetricians and Gynaecologists FQPA  Food Quality Protection Act FRCP  Fellow of the Royal College of Physi- fQSR  filtered QSR [ECG] cians FR  faculty rater; failure rate; fasciculus ret- FRCPA  Fellow of the Royal College of Pa- roflexus; febrile reaction; feedback regula- thologists of Australia tion; film-screen radiograph; Fischer-Race FRCPath  Fellow of the Royal College of [notation]; fixed ratio; flocculation reaction; Pathologists flow rate; fluid restriction; fluid resuscitation; FRCP(C)  Fellow of the Royal College of fluid retention; framework region; free  Physicians of Canada radical; frequency of respiration; frequent FRCPE  Fellow of the Royal College of Phy- relapses sicians of Edinburgh F2R  factor II receptor FRCPI  Fellow of the Royal College of Phy- F&R  force and rhythm sicians of Ireland  164 FRCPsych  Fellow of the Royal College of FRJM  full range joint movement Psychiatrists FRMedSoc  Fellow of the Royal Medical FRCS  Fellow of the Royal College of Sur- Society geons FrMLV  Friend murine leukemia virus FRCS(C)  Fellow of the Royal College of FRMS  Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Surgeons of Canada Society FRCSEd  Fellow of the Royal College of FrMV  Frangipani mosaic virus Surgeons of Edinburgh FRNN  fuzzy rough nearest neighbor [algo- FRCSEng  Fellow of the Royal College of rithm] Surgeons of England FRNS  Fryns syndrome FRCSI  Fellow of the Royal College of Sur- FRO  floor reaction orthosis geons of Ireland fROAT  flounder renal organic anion trans- FRCVS  Fellow of the Royal College of Vet- porter erinary Surgeons FROC  free receiver operating characteristic FRD  fumarate dehydrogenase FROG  French Rotablator Group [study] frd  fumarate dehydrogenase FROM  full range of motion; full range of FRDA  Friedreich ataxia movements FRD A  fumarate dehydrogenase A FROST  French Optimal Stenting Trial FRDA-Acad  Acadian Friedreich ataxia FRP  follicle-stimulating hormone releasing FRD B  fumarate dehydrogenase B protein; functional refractory period FRD C  fumarate dehydrogenase C FRS  Fellow of the Royal Society; ferredoxin- FRD D  fumarate dehydrogenase D reducing substance; first rank symptom; frag- FRE  Fischer rat embryo; flow-related en- ment separator; furosemide hancement FRSH  Fellow of the Royal Society of FREFLEX  force reflecting exoskeleton Health FREIR  Federal Research on Biological and FRT  Family Relations Test; full recovery Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation time frem  fremitus Fru  fructose freq  frequency FRV  full-length retroviral [sequence]; func- FRES  Fellow of the Royal Entomological tional residual volume Society Frx  fracture FRESCO  Florence Randomized Elective Frzbs  frizzled related protein Stenting in Acute Coronary Occlusion FS  factor of safety; Fanconi syndrome; feasi- [study] bility study; febrile seizure; Felty syndrome; FRESH  Food Reeducation for Elementary fetoscopy; fibrin sealant; fibromyalgia syn- School Health drome; fibrosarcoma; field stimulation; file FRET  fluorescence resonance energy trans- server; fine structure; Fisher syndrome; flex- fer ible sigmoidoscope; fluorescence spectrom- FRF  Fertility Research Foundation; follicle- etry; food security; food service; forearm stimulating hormone releasing factor supination; fractional shortening; fracture FRFC  functional renal failure of cirrhosis site; fragile site; frequency-shifted [imag- FRFSE  fast relaxation fast spin echo ing]; Friesinger score; frozen section; full FRH  follicle-stimulating hormone releasing scale; full sensitivity; full soft [diet]; full hormone strength; functional shortening; function FRh  fetal rhesus monkey [kidney cell] study; functional system; human foreskin FRhK  fetal rhesus monkey kidney [cell] [cells]; simple fracture FRHS  fast-repeating high sequence %FS  percent fractional shortening FRIC  Fragmin in Unstable Coronary Artery F/S  female, spayed [animal]; frozen section Disease [trial] FSA  fast simulated annealing; flexible frict  friction spending account FRIPHH  Fellow of the Royal Institute of FSB  fetal scalp blood Public Health and Hygiene FSBA  fluorosulfonylbenzoyladenosine FRISC  Fragmin During Instability in Coro- FSBP  finger systolic blood pressure; For- nary Artery Disease [trial] eign Supplier Verification Program FRISC-II  Fragmin and/or Revascularization FSBS  finger-stick blood sugar during Instability in Coronary Artery Disease FSBT  Fowler single breath test [trial] FSC  finite sample criterion; Food Standards FRIV  frijoles virus Committee; forward scatter  165 FSCCL  follicular small cleaved cell lym- reticulum; full scale range; fusiform skin  phoma revision FSCR  flexible surface coil-type resonator FSRS  functional status rating system FSD  focus-skin distance FSS  focal segmental sclerosis; Freeman- FSE  fast spin echo; febrile status epilepticus; Sheldon syndrome; functional system scale; feline spongiform encephalopathy; fetal French steel sound; fuzzy shell segmentation scalp electrode; filtered smoke exposure [algorithm] FSE-IR  fast spin echo inversion recovery FST  foam stability test FSEV  Figulus subleavis entomopoxvirus FSU  family service unit; functional spine FSF  fibrin stabilizing factor; final sperm unit; functional subunit fraction; front surface fluorescence FSUM  focused segmented ultrasound ma- FSG  fasting serum glucose; focal segmental chine sclerosis FSV  feline fibrosarcoma virus; Fort Sher- FSGHS  focal segmental glomerular hyali- man virus; forward stroke volume nosis and sclerosis FSW  female sex worker; field service FSGN  focal sclerosing glomerulonephritis worker FSGS  focal segmental glomerulosclerosis FT  Fallot tetralogy; false transmitter; family FSH  fascioscapulohumeral; focal and seg- therapy; farnesyl transferase; fast twitch; fa- mental hyalinosis; follicle-stimulating hor- tigue trial; femorotibial; fibrous tissue; fin- mone gertip; follow through; force target; Fourier FSHB  follicle-stimulating hormone, beta transform; free testosterone; free thyroxine; chain full term; function test FSHD  facioscapulohumeral muscular dys- FT3  free triiodothyronine trophy FT4  free thyroxine FSH/LR-RH  follicle-stimulating hormone Ft  ferritin and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone fT  free testosterone FSHR  follicle-stimulating hormone receptor ft  foot, feet FSH-RF  follicle-stimulating hormone re- FTA  femorotibial angle; fibrin tissue adhe- leasing factor sive; fluorescent titer antibody; fluorescent FSH-RH  follicle-stimulating hormone re- treponemal antibody leasing hormone FTA-ABS, FTA-Abs  fluorescent trepone- FSHSMA  fascioscapulohumeral spinal mal antibody, absorbed [test] muscular atrophy FTAG, F-TAG  fast-binding target-attaching FSI  foam stability index; Food Sanitation globulin Institute; functional status index FTAS  familial testicular agenesis syndrome FSIQ  full-scale intelligence quotient FTase  farnesyl transferase FSIS  Food Safety and Inspection Service FTAT  fluorescent treponemal antibody test FSL  fasting serum level FTB  front to back FSM  finite state machine FTBD  fit to be detained; full-term born FSMA  Food Safety Modernization Act dead FSMB  Federation of State Medical Boards FTBE  focal tick-borne encephalitis FSMC  forward support medical company FTBI  fractionated total body irradiation FSN  functional stimulation, neuromuscular FTBS  Family Therapist Behavioral Scale FSOP  free-standing surgical outpatient fa- FTC  Federal Trade Commission; Fibrinoly- cility sis Trialists Collaboration; fibulotalocalca- FSP  familial spastic paraplegia; femoral neal; follicular thyroid carcinoma; frequency hole sagittal positioning; fibrinogen split threshold curve; frequency tuning curve products; fibrin split products; fine suspended ftc  foot candle particles FTD  femoral total density; frontotemporal F-SP  special form [Lat. forma specialis] dementia FSPB  finite-size pencil beam FTDS  familial testicular dysgenesis syn- FSPGR  fast spoiled gradient-recalled acqui- drome sition in steady state FTE  full-time equivalent FSQ  Functional Status Questionnaire FTEE  full-time employee equivalent FSR  Fellow of the Society of Radiographers; FTF  finger to finger film screen radiography; force sensing resis- FTFT  fast time frequency transform tor; force sensing retractor; forward step- FTG  full-thickness graft ping regression; fragmented sarcoplasmic FTH  ferritin heavy chain; fracture threshold  166 FTI  farnesyl transferase inhibitor; free thy- FUNC  functional concept roxine index funct  function, functional FT3 I  free triiodothyronine index FUO  fever of unknown origin FT4I  free thyroxine index FUOV  follow-up office visit FTIR  Fourier transform infrared; functional FUR  5-fluorouracil and radiation; fluoroura- terminal innervation ratio cil riboside; fluorouridine; follow-up report; FTKA  failed to keep appointment furin membrane-associated receptor FTL  ferritin light chain FUS  feline urologic syndrome; first-use syn- ftL  foot lambert drome; focused ultrasound surgery; fusion FTLB  full-term live birth FuSV  Fujinami sarcoma virus ft lb  foot pound FUT  fibrinogen uptake test; follicular unit FTLD  frontotemporal lobar degeneration transplantation; fucosyl transferase FTLV  feline T-lymphotropic lentivirus FUTP  fluoridine triphosphate FTM  fluid thioglycolate medium; fractional FV  femoral vein; fetal vaccinia; fever virus; test meal fibroma virus; filiform virus; flow velocity; FTMS  Fourier transform mass spectrometry fluid volume; foamy virus; Fomede virus; FTN  finger to nose Friend virus; Frog virus FTNB  full-term newborn Fv  variable region antibody fragment FTND  full-term normal delivery F(v)  velocity distribution function FTO  fructose-terminated oligosaccharide FVA  Friend virus anemia FTP  file transfer protocol [sending and re- FVB  Friend virus B-type ceiving files from remote computers on the FVC  false vocal cord; femoral vein cannula- Internet] tion; forced vital capacity FTQ  Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire FVCC  First Virtual Congress of Cardiology FTR  fractional tubular reabsorption FVD  fluid volume deficit FTS  family tracking system; feminizing tes- FVE  forced volume expiration tis syndrome; fetal tobacco syndrome; fis- FVI  flow velocity interval sured tongue syndrome; flexor tenosynovitis; FVL  factor V Leiden mutation; femoral vein thymulin [Fr. facteur thymique sérique] ligation; flow volume loop; force, velocity, FTSG  full-thickness skin graft length FTT  failure to thrive; fat tolerance test; Fibri- FVOP  finger venous opening pressure nolytic Therapy Trialists FVP  flexible video pericardioscopy; Friend FTTA  fertile thoughts to all virus polycythemia FTU  fluorescence thiourea FVPC  follicular variant of papillary carci- FTVD  full-term vaginal delivery noma FU  fecal urobilinogen; fetal urobilinogen; FVPF  Family Violence Prevention Fund fluorouracil; flux unit; follow-up; fractional FVR  feline viral rhinotracheitis; forearm urinalysis; fundus vascular resistance F/U  follow-up, fundus of umbilicus FVS  fetal valproate syndrome F&U  flanks and upper quadrants FVT  follicular-variant-translocation 5-FU  5-fluorouracil f/VT  frequency/tidal volume ratio Fu  Finsen unit FW  Felix-Weil [reaction]; Folin-Wu [reac- FUB  functional uterine bleeding tion]; fragment wound FUC  fucosidase Fw  F wave Fuc  fucose fw  fresh water FUCA  fucosidase alpha FWA  Family Welfare Association FUCA1  alpha-L-fucosidase FWB  full weight bearing FUDR, FUdR  fluorodeoxyuridine FWD  forward; full ward diet FUE  follicular unit extraction FWHM  full width at half maximum FUF  functional unification formalism FWPCA  Federal Water Pollution Control FUFA  free volatile fatty acid Administration FUKAV  Fukuoka virus FWPV  fowlpox virus FULL  fully formed anatomical structure FWR  Felix-Weil reaction; Folin-Wu reac- FUM  5-fluorouracil and methotrexate; fu- tion marate; fumigation FWTM  full-width tenth maximum FUMIR  5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, radia- FX  factor X; fluoroscopy; fornix; fracture; tion frozen section FUMP  fluorouridine monophosphate Fx  fracture FUN  follow-up note fx  fracture; friction  167 FXa  factor Xa FY  fiscal year; full year FXD  fexofenadine FYI  for your information Fx-dis  fracture-dislocation FYMS  fourth-year medical student FXN  function FZ  focal zone; furazolidone FXS  fragile X syndrome Fz  frontal midline placement of electrodes fx/VT  frequency/tidal volume ratio FZS  Fellow of the Zoological Society  168 GABAA  gamma-aminobutyric acid iono- G tropic receptor family A GABAB  gamma aminobutyric acid iono- tropic receptor family B GABAC  gamma aminobutyric acid iono- tropic receptor family C GABAT, GABA-T gamma-aminobutyric G  acceleration; conductance; free energy; acid transaminase gallop; ganglion; gap; gas; gastrin; gauge; GABHS  group A beta-hemolytic Strepto- gauss; genome, genomic; geometric efficien- coccus cy; giga; gingiva, gingival; glabella; globu- GABI  German Angioplasty Bypass Inter- lar; globulin; glucose; glycine; glycogen; vention [trial]; German Angioplasty Bypass goat; gold inlay; gonidial; good; goose; Surgery Investigation grade; Grafenberg spot; gram; gravida; grav- GABOA   gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybu- itation constant; Greek; green; guanidine; tyric acid guanine; guanosine; gynecology; unit of GABRA  gamma-aminobutyric acid alpha force of acceleration receptor G-  giga- [109] GAC  general ambulatory care G°  standard free energy GACELISA  immunoglobulin G capture en- G0  quiescent phase of cells leaving the mi- zyme-linked immunosorbent assay totic cycle GACT  government activity 1G  first generation GAD  generalized anxiety disorder; glutamic G1  well-differentiated tumor acid decarboxylase G1  presynthetic gap GADFLI  general absorbed dose and fluence 2G  second generation investigation G2  moderately differentiated tumor GADH  gastric alcohol dehydrogenase G2  postsynthetic gap GADS  gonococcal arthritis/dermatitis syn- G3  poorly differentiated tumor drome G4  undifferentiated tumor GAdV  goat adenovirus g  force [gravity]; gap; gauge; gender; grain; GAEIB  Group of Advisors on the Ethical gram; gravity; group; ratio of magnetic mo- Implications of Biotechnology ment of a particle to the Bohr magneton; unit GAERS  genetic absence epilepsy rats from of standard acceleration due to gravity Strasbourg γ  lowercase Greek letter gamma; carbon sepa- GAF  global assessment of functioning rated from the carboxyl group by two other GAFeSV  Gardner-Arnstein feline sarcoma carbon atoms; constituent of the gamma  virus protein plasma fraction; heavy chain of immu- GAFG  goal attainment follow-up guide nogammaglobulin; monomer in fetal hemoglo- GAG  glycosaminoglycan; group-specific bin; photon antigen g   relative centrifugal force GAH  glyceraldehyde GA  Gamblers Anonymous; gastric analysis; GAHM  genioglossus advancement and gastric antrum; general anesthesia; general hyoid myotomy angiography; general appearance; general- GAHS  galactorrhea, amenorrhea, hyperpro- ized anxiety; genetic algorithm; gentisic acid; lactinemia syndrome germ cell antigen; gestational age; gibberellic GaHV  gallid herpesvirus acid; gingivoaxial; glucoamylase; glucose; GAIN  Genetic Association Information glucose/acetone; glucuronic acid; Golgi ap- Network; Glycine Antagonist GV150526 in paratus; gramicidin A; granulocyte adher- Acute Stroke [trial] ence; granuloma annulare; guessed average; GaIN  Georgia Interactive Network for gut associated; gyrate atrophy Medical Information G/A  globulin/albumin ratio GAIP  human Gα interacting protein GA1  genetic algorithm 1 GAIPAS  General Audit Inpatient Psychiat- GA2  genetic algorithm 2 ric Assessment Scale Ga  gallium; granulocyte agglutination GAIT-ER-AID  Gait Explanation and Rea- Gα  G protein subunit alpha complex soning Aid ga  gauge GAL  galactose; galactosyl; glucuronic acid GAA  gossypol acetic acid lactone GAAS  Goldberg Anorectic Attitude Scale Gal  galactose GABA, gaba  gamma-aminobutyric acid gal  galactose; gallon  169 GALBP  galactose-binding protein GAT  gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter; GALC, GalC  galactocerebroside gelatin agglutination test; geriatric assess- GALE  galactose epimerase ment team; Gerontological Apperception GALK  galactokinase Test; group adjustment therapy GalN  galactosamine GATB  Global Alliance for Tuberculosis GalNAc  N-acetylgalactosamine Drug Development GALNS  galactosamine-4-sulfatase GATR  group attribute Gal-1-P  galactose-1-phosphate GAUS  German Activator Urokinase Study GalR  galanin receptor GAVI  Global Alliance for Vaccines and Im- GALT  galactose-1-p-uridyltransferase; gut- munization associated lymphoid tissue GAWTS  genomic amplification with tran- GALV  gibbon ape leukemia virus script sequencing Galv, galv  galvanic GAXS  German and Austrian Xamoterol GAM  geographical analysis machine Study GAME  immunoglobulins G, A, M, and E GB  gallbladder; gigabyte; glial bundle; GAMIS  German-Austrian Myocardial In- goofballs; Guillain-Barré [syndrome] farction Study Gβ  G protein subunit beta complex GAMM  generalized abstract medical model Gb  gigabit; gilbert GAMP  German-Austrian Multicenter Proj- gB  glycoprotein B ect GBA  ganglionic blocking agent; gender- GAMS  German-Austrian Multicenter Study based analysis; gingivobuccoaxial GAMV  Gamboa virus GBAP  glucocerebrosidase pseudogene GAN  giant axon neuropathy GBCA  gadolinium-based contrast agent G and D  growth and development GBD  gallbladder disease; gender behavior gang, gangl  ganglion, ganglionic disorder; glass blower’s disease; Global Bur- GANS  granulomatous angiitis of the ner- den of Disease [study]; granulomatous bowel vous system disease GAO  general accounting office GBF/DIME  Geographic Base File Dual GAP  D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; Glob- Independent Map Encoding al AIDS Program; glottal area patency; GBG  glycine-rich beta-glycoprotein; go- growth-associated protein; guanosine triphos- nadal steroid-binding globulin phatase activating protein GBH  gamma-benzene hexachloride; graph- GAPD, GAPDH  glyceraldehyde-3-phos- ite benzalkonium-heparin phate dehydrogenase GBHA  glyoxal-bis-(2-hydroxyanil) GAPDP  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehy- GBI  globulin-binding insulin drogenase pseudogene GBIA  Guthrie bacterial inhibition assay GAPNA  Gerontological Advanced Practice GBL  glomerular basal lamina Nurses Association GBLC  geometric broken line closure GAPO  growth retardation, alopecia, pseudo- GBM  glioblastoma multiforme; glomerular anodontia, and optic atrophy [syndrome] basement membrane GAPs  geriatric assessment programs GBP  gabapentin; galactose-binding protein; GAPST  global average peristimulus time gastric bypass; gated blood pool GARS  German-Austrian Reinfarction Study; GBpd  gigabits per day glycine amide phosphoribosyl synthetase Gbps  gigabits per second GART  genotype antiretroviral resistance Gbq  gigabequerel test GBR  guided bone regeneration GARV  Garba virus GBS  gallbladder series; gastric bypass sur- GAS  galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome; gery; general biopsychosocial screening; gastric acid secretion; gastrin; gastroenterol- glycerine-buffered saline; group B Strepto- ogy; general adaptation syndrome; General coccus, group B streptococci; Guillain-Barré Anxiety Scale; generalized arteriosclerosis; syndrome global anxiety score; global assessment GBSS  Gey’s balanced saline solution; Guil- scale; goal attainment scale; group A Strep- lain-Barré-Strohl syndrome tococcus; growth arrest–specific GC  ganglion cell; gas chromatography; GASA  growth-adjusted sonographic age general circulation; general closure; gen- GASCIS  German-Austrian Space-Occupy- eral condition; generalizability coefficient; ing Cerebellar Infarction Study generalized coherence; genetic counseling; GASP  Group Against Smoking Pollution geriatric care; germinal center; giant cell; gastroc  gastrocnemius glucocerebrosidase; glucocorticoid; goblet  170 cell; Golgi cell; Gonococcus; gonorrhea; GCRG  giant cell reparative granuloma granular casts; granulomatous colitis; granu- GCRS  gynecologic chylous reflux syndrome losa cell; group-specific component; gua- GCS  general clinical services; Gianotti- nine cytosine; guanylate cyclase; guanylyl  Crosti syndrome; Glasgow Coma Scale; cyclase global coordinate system; glucocorticoste- Gc  galactocerebroside; gigacycle; Gonococ- roid; glutamylcysteine synthetase; glycine cus; group-specific component cleavage system gC  glycoprotein C GCSA  Gross cell surface antigen GCA  gastric cancer area; giant cell GCSE  generalized convulsive status epilep- arteritis ticus g-cal  gram calorie G-CSF  granulocyte colony-stimulating fac- GCAP  germ-cell alkaline phosphatase tor GCAT  Guideline Compliance Assessment GCSFR  granulocyte colony-stimulating fac- Tool tor receptor GCB  gonococcal base GCSP  glycine cleavage system protein GC-B  guanylate cyclase B GCT  general care and treatment; germ cell gCBF  global cerebral blood flow tumor; giant cell thyroiditis; giant cell tumor GCBM  glomerular capillary basement GC(T)A  giant cell (temporal) arteritis membrane GC-TEA  gas chromatography thermal ener- GCD  graft coronary disease gy analyzer GCDFP  gross cystic disease fluid protein GCTTS  giant cell tumor of tendon sheath GCF  growth-rate–controlling factor GCU  gonococcal urethritis GCFT  gonococcal/gonorrhea complement GCV  ganciclovir; great cardiac vein fixation test GCVF  great cardiac vein flow GCG  galactosyl ceramide beta-galactosi- GCV-TP  ganciclovir triphosphate dase; Genetics Computer Group; glucagon GCW  glomerular capillary wall GCGR  glucagon receptor; glucocorticoid GCWM  General Conference on Weights receptor and Measures GCH  granular clinical history GCY  gastroscopy GCI  General Cognitive Index; glottal clo- GD  gadolinium; gastroduodenal; Gaucher sure instant disease; gender dysphoria; general diagnos- GCIIS  glucose controlled insulin infusion tics; general dispensary; gestational day; system Gianotti disease; gonadal dysgenesis; Graves GCK  glomerulocystic kidney; glucokinase disease; growth and development; growth GCL  giant cell lesion; globoid cell leukodys- delay trophy G&D  growth and development GCLO  gastric Campylobacter-like organism Gd  gadolinium GCM  Gorlin-Chaudhry-Moss [syndrome] gD  glycoprotein D g-cm  gram-centimeter gD2  glycoprotein D2 gCMRO2  global cerebral oxygen uptake GDA  gastroduodenal artery; general daily GC-MS, GC/MS  gas chromatography/mass activity; germine diacetate; Graves disease spectrometry autoantigen GCN  geometric constraint network; giant GDAC  Generic Drugs Advisory Committee cerebral neuron GDB  gas density balance; Genome Data- GCNA  Genetic Confidentiality and Nondis- base; guide dogs for the blind crimination Act GDC  General Dental Council; giant GCNF  glial cell–derived neurotrophic fac- dopamine-containing cell; Guglielmi detach- tor able coil g-coef  generalizability coefficient Gd-CDTA  gadolinium-cyclohexane-diamine- GCOP  glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis tetraacetic acid GCP  geriatric cancer population; German GDCMS  German Dilated Cardiomyopathy Cardiovascular Prevention [study]; good Study clinical practices; granulocyte chemotactic Gd-DOTA  gadolinium-tetra-azacyclo-do- protein decatetraacetic acid GCPS  Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syn- Gd-DTPA  gadolinium-diethylene-triamine- drome pentaacetic acid GCR  glucocorticoid receptor; Group Con- GDE  Genetic Data Environment formity Rating Gd-EDTA  gadolinium ethylene-diamine- GCRC  General Clinical Research Center tetraacetic acid  171 GDEP  general dielectrophoretic [force] GEFS+  generalized epilepsy with febrile GDF  gel diffusion precipitin; growth differ- seizures plus entiation factor Ge−G  Gerbich negative GDH  glucose dehydrogenase; glutamate de- GEH  glycerol ester hydrolase hydrogenase; glycerophosphate dehydroge- GEHR  Good European Health Record nase; glycol dehydrogenase; gonadotropin GEI  Genes and Environment Initiative hormone; growth and differentiation hor- GEJ  gastroesophageal junction mone gel  gelatin GDI  common gateway interface; guanidine GELIA  German Experience with Low- nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Intensity Anticoagulation GDID  genetically determined immunodefi- GEM  geriatric evaluation and management; ciency disease guidelines element model GDIR  glucose-dependent insulinotropic re- GEMISCH  Generalized Medical Informa- ceptor tion System for Community Health g/dL  grams per deciliter GEM-Q  guidelines element model-quality GDM  gestational diabetes mellitus GE-MRI  gradient echo magnetic resonance GDMO  general duties medical officer imaging GdMP  gadolinium mesoporphyrin GEMS  gel electrophoresis mass spectrome- GDMS  glow discharge mass spectrometry try; generic error-modeling system gDNA  genomic deoxyribonucleic acid GEMS/Food  Global Environment Moni- GDNF  glial cell line–derived neutrophilic toring System/Food Contamination Monitor- factor ing and Assessment Programme GDP  gel diffusion precipitin; gross domes- GEMSS  glaucoma, lens ectopia, microsphe- tic product; guanosine diphosphate rophakia, stiffness, shortness [syndrome] GDS  General Dental Service; geriatric de- GEMT  German Eminase Multicenter Trial pression scale; Global Deterioration Scale; GEN  gender; generation Gordon Diagnostic System; gradual dosage Gen  genetic, genetics; genus schedule; guanosine diphosphate dissocia- gen  general; genital tion stimulator GeneCIS  Genetic Clinical Information Sys- GDT  geometrically deformable template tem GDU  gastroduodenal ulcer GENESIS  General Ethnography and Needs GDUFA  Generic Drug User Fee Amend- Evaluations; Genes in Stroke [study] ment genet  genetic, genetics GDW  glass distilled water GENE-TOX  Genetic Toxicology [database] GDXY  XY gonadal dysgenesis genit  genitalia, genital GE  gastric emptying; gastroemotional; gas- GENNET  Genetic Network troenteritis; gastroenterology; gastroenter- GENOA  Genetics of Atherosclerosis ostomy; gastroesophageal; gastrointestinal [study] endoscopy; gel electrophoresis; generalized GENOVA  generalized analysis of vari- epilepsy; generator of excitation; genetic en- ance hancement; genome equivalent; gentamicin; GENPS  genital neoplasm-papilloma syn- glandular epithelium; grade of evidence; gra- drome dient echo; guanidoethyl GenRF  gene reference into function G-E  gradient echo GENT  gentamicin G/E  granulocyte/erythroid ratio GEO  Gene Expression Omnibus; genetical- Ge  germanium ly enhanced organism gE  glycoprotein E GEOSS  Global Earth Observation System GEA  gastric electrical activity; gastroepip- of Systems loid artery GEP  gastroenteropancreatic; gene expres- GEART  Gemfibrozil Atherosclerosis Re- sion profiling; gustatory evoked potential gression Trial GEPG  gastroesophageal pressure gradient GEB  gum elastic bougie GEPIC  granulocyte elastase alpha-1 protein- GEC  galactose elimination capacity; glo- ase inhibitor complex merular epithelial cell GEP-NET  gastroenteropancreatic neuroen- GECC  Government Employees’ Clinic Center docrine tumor GEE  generalized estimating equation GER  gas exchange region; gastroesophageal GEF  gastroesophageal fundoplication; glos- reflux; geriatrics; granular endoplasmic re- soepiglottic fold; gonadotropin enhancing ticulum factor; guanosine nucleotide exchange factor Ger  geriatric, geriatrics; German  172 GERD  gastroesophageal reflux disease GG  gamma globulin; genioglossus; glycyl- geriat  geriatric, geriatrics glycine GeriROS  geriatric review of systems Gγ  G protein subunit gamma complex GERL  Golgi-associated endoplasmic reticu- γG  immunoglobulin G lum lysosome gG  glycoprotein G GEROD  Generator of Body Data gg  gynogenetic Geront  gerontologic, gerontologist, geron- GGA  general gonadotropic activity tology GGC  gamma-glutamyl carboxylase GERRI  geriatric evaluation by relative rat- GGCS, g-GCS  gamma-glutamyl cysteine ing instrument synthetase GERV  Germiston virus GGE  generalized glandular enlargement; GES  gastroesophageal sphincter; glucose- gradient gel electrophoresis electrolyte solution GGED  Graphical Gene Expression Data- GEST, gest  gestation, gestational base GET  gastric emptying time; general endotra- GGF  geniculate ganglion fossa cheal [anesthesia]; graded treadmill exercise GGFC  gammaglobulin-free calf [serum] test GGG  glycine-rich gamma-glycoprotein GETT  general by endotracheal tube GGH  glycine-glycine-histidine GETV  Getah virus GGI  Gillette Gait Index GEU  geriatric evaluation unit GGM  glucose-galactose malabsorption Gev  giga electron volt GGMRF  generalized gaussian Markov ran- GEWS  Gianturco expandable wire stent dom field GEX  gas exchange GGO  ground glass opacification Gexg  exogenous glucose GG or S  glands, goiter, or stiffness GF  gastric fistula; gastric fluid; germ free; GGPNA  gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide glass factor; glomerular filtration; gluten GGR  global genomic repair free; grandfather; growth factor; growth  GGT  gamma-glutamyl transferase; gamma- failure glutamyl transpeptidase; geranylgeranyl- Gf  gastric fluid transferase gf  gram-force GGTB  glycoprotein 4-beta-galactosyl trans- GFA  genetic function approximation; glial ferase fibrillary acidic [protein] GGTP  gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase GF-AAS  graphite furnace atomic absorp- GGV  Gaeumannomyces graminis virus; tion spectroscopy Gan Gan virus; generalized gross validation GFAP  glial fibrillary acidic protein GgV  Gaeumannomyces graminis virus GFAT  glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate ami- GGVB  gelatin, glucose, and veronal buffer dotransferase GGYV  Gadgets Gully virus GFATM  Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuber- GH  general health; general hospital; genetic culosis, and Malaria hemochromatosis; genetic hypertension; ge- GFCI  ground-fault circuit interrupter netically hypertensive [rat]; geniohyoid; GFD  gingival fibromatosis-progressive deaf- growth hormone ness [syndrome]; gluten-free diet GHA  generalized harmonic analysis; gluco- GFFS  glycogen and fat-free solid heptanoic acid; Group Health Association GFH  glucose-free Hanks [solution] GHAA  Group Health Association of GFI  glucagon-free insulin; goodness-of-fit America index; ground-fault interrupter GHAP  Global Healthcare Application Proj- GfIV  Glypta fumiferanae ichnovirus ect GFL  giant follicular lymphoma GHAT  German Hip Arthroplasty Trial Gflops  gigaflops [billions of floating point GHB  gamma hydroxybutyrate operations per second] GHb  glycated hemoglobin G-FOBT  guaiac-based fecal occult blood GHBA  gamma-hydroxybutyric acid test GHBMO  general hazardous materials be- GFP  gamma-fetoprotein; gel-filtered plate- havior model let; glomerular filtered phosphate; green fluo- GHBP  growth hormone binding protein rescent protein GHC  group health cooperative GFR  glomerular filtration rate GHCH  giant hepatic cavernous heman­ GFRP  growth factor response protein gioma GFS  global focal sclerosis; guafenesin GHD  growth hormone deficiency GFV  Gabek Forest virus GHDD  Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia  173 GHDNet  Global Health Disaster Network GIF  gastric intrinsic factor; gonadotropin- GHEI  Global Health Equity Initiative inhibiting factor; graphic interchange format; GHEV  Goeldichironomus holoprasinus en- growth hormone–inhibiting factor tomopoxvirus GIFB  growth hormone inhibitory factor, GHF  growth hormone factor brain GHHOS  Glasgow Homeopathic Hospital GIFIC  graphical interface for intensive care Outcome Scale GIFT  gamete intrafallopian transfer; granu- GHL  growth hormone–like locyte immunofluorescence test GHMM  Generalized Hidden Markov Model GIGO  garbage in, garbage out GHNet  Global Health Network GIH  gastrointestinal hemorrhage; growth- GHP  group health plan; growth hormone inhibiting hormone promotor GIHINA  Genetic Information Health Insur- GHPM  general health policy model ance Nondiscrimination Act GHPQ  General Health Perception Ques- GII  gastrointestinal infection; secundigravi- tionnaire da GHPS  Global Health Professionals Survey GIII  tertigravida GHQ  General Health Questionnaire GIK  Glucose-Insulin-Kalium [pilot trial]; GHR  granulomatous hypersensitivity reac- glucose-insulin-potassium tion; growth hormone receptor GIM  general internal medicine; gonadotro- GHRA  geriatric health risk appraisal pin-inhibiting material GHRF  growth hormone–releasing factor GIMC  general internal medicine clinic GHRFR  growth hormone–releasing releas- GIN  Grosse Isle Anthrax Project ing factor GINA  Global Initiative for Asthma GH-RH  growth hormone–releasing hor- Ging, ging  gingiva, gingival mone g-ion  gram-ion GHRHR  growth hormone–releasing hor- GIP  gastric inhibitory polypeptide; gastric mone receptor inlet patch; giant cell interstitial pneumonia; GHRI  general health rating index glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; GH-RIF  growth hormone release inhibiting gonorrheal invasive peritonitis factor GIPR  gastric inhibitory polypeptide recep- GH-RIH  growth hormone release inhibiting tor hormone GIPSI  Gradual Inflation at Optimum Pres- GHRP  growth hormone–releasing peptide sure vs. Stent Implantation [study] GHSAG  Global Health Security Action GIQLI  Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index Group GIR  global improvement rating; Grosse Isle GHSG  German Hodgkin Study Group Rinderpest Project GHT  generalized Hough transform; Glau- GIS  gas in stomach; gastrointestinal series; coma Hemifield Test geographic information system; guaranteed GHV  goose hepatitis virus; growth hormone income supplement variant GISSI  Grupo Italiano per lo Studio della GHWs  general hospital wards Streptochinasi nell’Infarto Miocardico GHz  gigahertz GIST  gastrointestinal stromal tumor GI  galvanic isolation; gastrointestinal; gela- GIT  gastrointestinal tract tin infusion [medium]; giant interneuron; GITS  gastrointestinal therapeutic system gingival index; globin insulin; glomerular GITSG  Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group index; glucose intolerance; granuloma ingui- GITT  gastrointestinal transit time; glucose nale; growth inhibition; primigravida insulin tolerance test GI50  concentration required to inhibit cell GIV  Great Island virus growth by 50% GJ  gap junction; gastric juice; gastrojeju- Gi  inhibitory guanyl-nucleotide–binding nostomy protein gJ  glycoprotein J gi  gill GJA-S  gastric juice aspiration syndrome GIA  gastrointestinal anastomosis GK  galactokinase; glomerulocystic kidney; GIB  gastrointestinal bleeding glucokinase; glycerol kinase GIBF  gastrointestinal bacterial flora GKD  glycerol kinase deficiency GIBS  generalized iterative bayesian simula- GKI  glucose potassium insulin tion GKRS  gamma knife radiosurgery GICA  gastrointestinal cancer GL  gland; glomerular layer; glomerulus; GID  gender identity disorder glycolipid; glycosphingolipid; glycyrrhizin;  174 graphics library; greatest length; gustatory GLR  generalized likelihood ratio; graphic lacrimation level recorder GL-4  glycophospholipid GLRA  glycine receptor alpha Gl  glabella GLRB  glycine receptor beta gL  glycoprotein L GLS  generalized least square [estimator]; gl  gill; gland, glandular generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome g/L, g/l  grams per liter GLTN  glomerulotubulonephritis GLA  galactosidase A; gamma-linolenic GLTT  glucose-lactate tolerance test acid; gingivolinguoaxial GLU  glucose; glucuronidase; glutamate; glac  glacial glutamic acid GLAD  glenolabral articular disruption; GLU-5  five-hour glucose tolerance test gold-labeled antigen detection Glu  glucuronidase; glutamic acid; glutamine gland  glandular Glu2  glucose transporter 2 GLAP  D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glu  glucose; glutamic acid GLAT  galactose + activator Glu-A  glutathione-agarose GLB  galactosidase beta GLUC  glucosidase GLC  gas-liquid chromatography gluc  glucose Glc  glucose GLUD  glutamate dehydrogenase glc  glaucoma GLUDP  glutamate dehydrogenase pseudo- GlcA  gluconic acid gene GLCB  beta-glucuronidase GLUL  glutamate (ammonia) ligase GLCLC  glutamylcysteine synthase GluproRS  glupropyl transfer ribonucleic GLC-MS  gas-liquid chromatography mass acid synthase spectrometry GLUR, GluR  glutamate receptor GlcN  glucosamine GLUS  granulomatous lesion of unknown GlcNAc  N-acetylglucosamine significance GlcUA  D-glucuronic acid GLUT  glucose transporter GLD  globoid cell leukodystrophy; glutamate GLV  Giardia lamblia virus; gibbon ape leu- dehydrogenase kemia virus; Gross leukemia virus GLDH  glutamic dehydrogenase GLVR  gibbon ape leukemia virus receptor GLH  germinal layer hemorrhage; giant Glx  glucose; glutamic acid lymph node hyperplasia; gray level histo- GLY, Gly, gly  glycine gram glyc  glyceride GLI  glicentin; glioblastoma; glucagon-like GlySH  glyphosphate-surfactant herbicide immunoreactivity; guideline interchange for- GlyCAM  glycosylation-dependent cell ad- mat hesion molecule GLIF  guided lumbar interbody fusion; GM  gastric mucosa; gastrocnemius; Geiger- guideline interchange format Müller [counter]; general medicine; genetic GLIIRA  green light–induced infrared ab- manipulation; geometric mean; giant melano- sorption some; glyceryl methacrylate; gram; grand mal GLIM  generalized linear interactive model [seizure]; grand multiparity; grandmother; GLM  general linear model granulocyte-macrophage; graph-based model; GLN  glutamine Grateful Med; gray matter; growth medium Gln  glucagon; glutamine G-M  Geiger-Müller [counter] gln  glutamine G/M  granulocyte/macrophage GLNH  giant lymph node hyperplasia GM+  gram positive GLNN  galanin GM−  gram negative GlnRS  glutaminyl transfer ribonucleic acid Gm  an allotype marker on the heavy chains synthase of immunoglobins GLO  glyoxylase gM  glycoprotein M GLO1  glyoxylase 1 gm  gram glob  globular; globulin g-m  gram-meter G-LOC  G-induced loss of consciousness GMA  glyceral methacrylate GLOM  glenoid labrum ovoid mass GMB  gastric mucosal barrier; granulomem- GLP  glucagon-like peptide; glucose-L- branous body phosphate; glycolipoprotein; good laboratory GMBF  gastric mucosa blood flow practice; group living program GMC  general medical clinic; general medi- GLPC  gas liquid phase chromatography cal council; giant migratory contraction; GLPR  glucagon-like peptide receptor grivet monkey cell  175 gm cal  gram calorie GMT  geometric mean titer; gingival margin gm/cc  grams per cubic centimeter trimmer; Göteborg Metoprolol Trial GMCD  grand mal convulsive disorder GMV  glycine mosaic virus; golden mosaic GM-CFC  granulocyte-macrophage colony virus; gram molecular volume; green mottle forming cell virus GM-CFU  granulocyte-macrophage colony GMW  gram molecular weight forming unit GN  gaze nystagmus; glomerulonephritis; GM-CSA  granulocyte-macrophage colony- glucose nitrogen [ratio]; gnotobiote; graduate stimulating activity nurse; gram negative; guanine nucleotide GM-CSF, (GM)-CSF granulocyte-macro- G/N  glucose/nitrogen ratio phage colony-stimulating factor Gn  gnathion; gonadotropin GMD  general message description; geomet- GNA  general nursing assistance ric mean diameter; glycopeptide moiety GNAT  guanine nucleotide binding protein, modified derivative alpha transducing GME  graduate medical education; granulo- GNAZ  guanosine nucleotide binding alpha matous meningoencephalomyelitis Z polypeptide GMENAC  Graduate Medical Education Na- GNB  ganglioneuroblastoma; gram-negative tional Advisory Committee bacillus; guanine nucleotide binding [pro- G-MEPP  giant miniature end plate potential tein] GMF  gastric magnetic field; glial matura- GNBM  gram-negative bacillary meningitis tion factor GNBT  guanine nucleotide binding protein, GMH  germinal matrix hemorrhage beta transducing GMHA  glycidyl methacrylate modified hy- GNC  general nursing care; General Nursing aluronic acid Council; geriatric nurse clinician GMK  green monkey kidney [cells] GND  gram-negative diplococci GMKV  Gomoka virus GNDF  giant cell–derived neurotropic factor GML  gut mucosa lymphocyte GNDFR  giant cell–derived neurotropic g/mL, g/ml  grams per milliliter factor–responsive gm/L, gm/l  grams per liter GNG  gluconeogenesis gm-m  gram-meter GNID  gram-negative intracellular diplo- GMN  gradient moment nulling; moment cocci reduction gradient GNN  genetic neural network GMO  genetically modified organism GNP  geriatric nurse practitioner; geronto- g-mol  gram-molecule logic nurse practitioner GMoV  glycine mottle virus GNR  gram-negative rods GMP  genetically modified product; glucose GnRF  gonadotropin-releasing factor monophosphate; good manufacturing prac- GnRH  gonadotropin-releasing hormone tice; Good Manufacturing Process standards; GnRHa  gonadotropin-releasing hormone granule membrane protein; guanosine mono- agonist phosphate GnRHR  gonadotropin-releasing hormone 3′,5′-GMP  guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic phos- receptor phate GNRP  guanine nucleotide–releasing pro- GMPR  guanine monophosphate reductase tein GMPS  guanosine 5′-monophosphate syn- GNS  German Nutrition Study thetase G/NS  glucose in normal saline [solution] GMR  gallops, murmurs, rubs; gradient mo- GnSAF/GnSIF  gonadotropin surge attenu- ment reduction; gradient motion rephasing ating/inhibitory factor hormone GMRH  germinal matrix related hemorrhage GNSWA  Genetic Nurses and Social Work- GMRI  gated magnetic resonance imaging er’s Association GMS  General Medical Service; geriatric GNTP  Graduate Nurse Transition Program mental state; Gilbert-Meulengracht syn- GNUDI  gerontological nursing U-diagnose drome; glyceryl monostearate; Gomori me- instrument thenamine silver [stain]; goniodysgenesis, GO  gastro[o]esophageal; geroderma osteo- mental retardation, short stature [syndrome] dysplastica; glucose oxidase; glutamic oxyl- GM&S  general medicine and surgery acetic [acid]; gonorrhea GMSC  General Medical Services Commit- GΩ  gigaohm [one billion ohms] tee G&O  gas and oxygen GMSP  Galen Model for Surgical Proce- Go  gonion dures GOA  generalized osteoarthritis  176 GoAdV  goose adenovirus Gp  guanine nucleotide-binding protein GOARN  Global Outbreak Alert and Re- gp  gene product; glycoprotein; group sponse Network GPA  Global Program on AIDS; glycopho- GOAT  Galveston Orientation and Amnesia rin A; Goodpasture antigen; grade point aver- Test age; granulomatosis with polyangiitis; Group GOBAB   gamma-hydroxy-beta-aminobu- Practice Association; guinea pig albumin tyric acid GpA  glycophorin A GOBI  Growth and Development Charting GPAIS  guinea pig anti-insulin serum the Road to Health, Oral Rehydration Thera- G6Pase, G-6-Pase glucose-6-phospha- py, Breast Feeding, Immunization tase GOC  granulose cell oocyte GPASS  General Practice Administration GOE  gas, oxygen, and ether System for Scotland GOES  Groningen orthopedic exit strategy GPB  glossopharyngeal breathing; gly- GOG  Gynecologic Oncology Group cophorin B GOH  geroderma osteodysplastica heredi- GPC  gastric parietal cell; gel permeation taria chromatography; General Practitioners GOLD  Global Initiative on Obstructive Committee; giant papillary conjunctivitis; Lung Disease glycerolphosphorylcholine; glycophorin C; GOMBO  growth retardation, ocular abnor- granular progenitor cell; guinea pig comple- malities, microcephaly, brachycephaly, oli- ment gophrenia [syndrome] GPCA  gastrin-producing cell antibody GON  gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum; GPCI  geographic practice cost index greater occipital nerve GPCOV  guinea pig type C oncovirus GOND  glaucomatous optic nerve damage GPCR  G protein–coupled receptor GOQ  glucose oxidation quotient GPD  glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; GOR  general operating room glycerol-phosphate dehydrogenase GORAI  Geriatric Oral Rehabilitation As- G3PD  glucose-3-phosphate dehydrogenase sessment Index G6PD, G-6-PD glucose-6-phosphate de- GOS  Glasgow outcome score; gum optical hydrogenase shield G-6-PDA  glucose-6-phosphate dehydroge- GOSIP  Government Open Systems Inter- nase enzyme variant A communications Profile G6PDH, G-6-PDH glucose-6-phosphate GOT  glucose oxidase test; glutamate oxalo- dehydrogenase reduced acetate transaminase; goal of treatment G6PDL  glucose-6-phosphate dehydroge- GOTM  glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, nase-like mitochondrial GPE  globus pallidus externus; granulocyte GOTS  geriatric outpatient telephone screen- colony stimulating factor promoter element; ing guinea pig embryo GOx  glucose oxidase GPEBP  granulocyte colony stimulating fac- GP  gangliocytic paraganglioma; ganglionic tor promoter element binding protein plexi, plexus; gastroplasty; general paralysis, GPEP  General Professional Education of general paresis; general practice, general the Physician practitioner; genetic prediabetes; genetic pro- GP/ES  gait pathology expert system gramming; geometric progression; globus GPET  graphic plan evaluation tool pallidus; glucose phosphate; glutamic pyruvic GPF  glomerular plasma flow; granulocyto- [acid]; glutathione peroxidase; glycerophos- sis-promoting factor; greater palatine fora- phate; glycopeptide; glycophorin; glycopro- men tein; Goodpasture syndrome; gram positive; GPGG  guinea pig gammaglobulin grass pollen; guinea pig; gutta percha GPh  Graduate in Pharmacy G-P  Grassbeger-Procaccia [algorithm] GPHIN  Global Public Health Intelligence G/P  gravida/para Network G-1-P  glucose-1-phosphate GPHN  giant pigmented hairy nevus GP1  genetic programming 1 GP-HPLC  gel permeation high-performance GPI  glycoprotein I liquid chromatography GP2  genetic programming 2 GPHV  guinea pig herpesvirus G3P, G-3-P glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; GPI  general paralysis of the insane; globus glycerol-3-phosphate pallidus internus; glucose phosphate isomer- G6P, G-6-P  glucose-6-phosphate ase; glycoprotein I; glycosylphosphatidylino- Gp  glycoprotein sitol; guinea pig ileum  177 G6PI  glucose-6-phosphate isomerase GRA  gated radionuclide angiography; GP-IB  general purpose interface bus glucocorticoid-remedial aldosteronism; go- GPIbα  glycoprotein Ib alpha nadotropin-releasing agent GpIbβ  glycoprotein Ib beta GRABS  group A beta-hemolytic streptococ- GPII  General Practice Immunisation Incen- cal pharyngitis tives GRACE  Gianturco Roubin Stent in Acute GPIMH  guinea pig intestinal mucosal ho- Closure Evaluation mogenate grad  gradient; gradually; graduate GPIPID  guinea pig intraperitoneal infec- GRAE  generally regarded as effective tious dose GRAIL  Gene Recognition and Analysis In- GPK  guinea pig kidney [antigen] ternet Link GPKA  guinea pig kidney absorption [test] GRAMI  Gianturco Roubin Second Genera- GPLN  Global Polio Laboratory Network tion Coronary Stent in Acute Coronary In- GPLV  guinea pig leukemia virus farction Gply  gingivoplasty gran  granule, granulated GPM  general preventive medicine; giant GRAND  Glaxo Receptor Antagonist pigmented melanosome Against Nottingham Deep Vein Thrombosis GPm  medial globus pallidus Study GPMAL  gravida, para, multiple births, GRANDDAD  growth delay, aged facies, abortions, and live births normal development, deficiency of subcuta- GPN  glossopharyngeal nerve; graduate neous fat [syndrome] practical nurse GRAPE  Glycoprotein Receptor Antagonist GPNA  Genetic Privacy Nondiscrimination Potency Evaluation [study] Act GRAPPA  Generalized Autocalibrating Par- GPOA  primary open-angle glaucoma tially Parallel Acquisition GPP  generalist physician program; gross GRAS  generally recognized as safe primary production GRASP  Glaxo Restenosis and Symptoms GPPQ  General Purpose Psychiatric Ques- Project tionnaire GRASS  gradient recalled acquisition in a GPPT  Göteborg Primary Prevention Trial steady state GPRBC  guinea pig red blood cell GRASSIC  Grampian Asthma Study of Inte- GPS  global positioning system; Goodpas- grated Care ture syndrome; gray platelet syndrome; guin- grav  gravid ea pig serum; guinea pig spleen grav 1, grav I pregnancy one, primi- GPSYCH  geriatric psychiatry gravida GPT  General Population Trial; glutamate- grav 2, grav II  pregnancy two, secunda- pyruvate transaminase; glutamic-pyruvic gravida transaminase GRB  growth factor receptor binding pro- GpTh  group therapy tein GPU  guinea pig unit GRC  growth factor regulated [ion] channel GPUT  galactose phosphate uridyl transfer- GRD  gastroesophageal reflux disease; gen- ase der role definition GPV  Global Programme for Vaccines and grd  ground Immunization; goose parvovirus GRE  global relative entropy; glucocorticoid GPVI  glycoprotein VI response element; gradient-recalled echo; GPWW  group practice without walls gradient-refocused echo; Graduate Record GPX, GPx  glutathione peroxidase Examination GQAP  general question-asking program GREAT  Genome Recognition and Exon As- GQAQ  guidelines quality assessment ques- sembly Tool; Grampian Region Early Anti- tionnaire streplase Trial GR  gamma rays; gastric resection; general GRECC  Geriatric Research, Education, and relief; general research; generalized rash; Clinical Center glucocorticoid receptor; glutathione reduc- GRECO  German Recanalization of Coro- tase; good recovery; graded response; gravid; nary Occlusion [trial]; German Recombinant gravity resistance; growth rate Plasminogen Activator [study] gr  grade; graft; grain; gram; gravity; gray; GREP  get regular expression and print gross GRF  gastrin-releasing factor; gelatin- gr+  gram positive resorcinol-formalin; genetically related mac- gr−  gram negative rophage factor; Gibbs random field; glutamyl  178 transpeptidase–releasing factor; gonadotro- gluteal set; glycogen synthase; goat serum; pin-releasing factor; ground reaction force; Goldenhar syndrome; Goodpasture syndrome; growth hormone–releasing factor graft survival; granulocytic sarcoma; grip GRG  glucocorticoid receptor gene; gly- strength; Griselli syndrome; group section; cine-rich glycoprotein; guidelines review  group specific group G/S  glucose and saline GRH  growth hormone–releasing hormone G6S  glucosamine-6-sulfatase GRHR  gonadotropic-releasing hormone re- Gs  stimulatory G protein ceptor gs  group specific GrHV  gruid herpesvirus g/s  gallons per second GRIA  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, ampa GSA  generalized simulated annealing; gen- GRID  gay-related immunodeficiency [obso- eral somatic afferent; Gerontological Society lete] of America; Gross virus antigen; group-  GRIF  growth hormone release inhibiting specific antigen; guanidinosuccinic acid factor Gsa  G protein stimulatory alpha subunit GRIFFIN  Graphics Investigation of Familial GSBG  gonadal steroid-binding globulin Information G-SBS  guanosine substrate-binding strand GR II  Gianturco Roubin Second Generation GSC  gas-solid chromatography; germline Coronary Stent Trial stem cell; gravity settling culture GRIK  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kain- GSCN  giant serotonin-containing neuron ate GSD  genetically significant dose; Gerst- GRINA  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N- mann-Sträussler disease; gestational sac di- methyl-D-aspartate A ameter; glutathione synthetase deficiency; GRINB  glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N- glycogen storage disease methyl-D-aspartate B GSD-0  glycogen storage disease zero GRIPS  Göttingen Risk, Incidence, and GSE  General Self-Efficacy [scale]; general Prevalence Study somatic efferent; gluten-sensitive enter­ GRL  glass reflection light opathy GRMP  granulocyte membrane protein GSEV  Geotrupes sylvaticus entomopox­ GRN  graduate registered nurse; granules; virus granulin GSF  galactosemic fibroblast; generalized GrN  gram negative structure function; genital skin fibroblast Grn  green GSFR  granulocyte colony stimulating factor gRNA  genomic ribonucleic acid; guide ri- receptor bonucleic acid GSH  glomerulus stimulating hormone; GRO  growth-regulated oncogene; growth- golden Syrian hamster; L-alpha-glutamyl-L- related [protein] cysteinyl-glycine; reduced glutathione GROB  growth-related protein beta GSH-EE  glutathione ethyl ester GROD  granular osmophilic deposit GSH-Px  glutathione peroxidase GROG  growth-related protein gamma GSHV  ground squirrel hepatitis B virus GROU  group GSI  global severity index GRP  gastrin-releasing peptide; glucose- GSIV  Great Saltee Island virus regulated protein GSM  generic semantic [data] modeling; GrP  gram positive global system for mobile communication; Gr1P0AB1  one pregnancy, no births, one group sequential method abortion GS-MS  gas spectrography/mass spectro- GRPR  gastrin-releasing peptide receptor photometry GRPS  glucose-Ringer-phosphate solution GSN  gelsonin; giant serotonin-containing GRS  gastrin receptor scintigraphy; Golabi- neuron Rosen syndrome GSoA  Gerontological Society of America GRV  ground reaction vector GSP  galvanic skin potential GRW  giant ragweed [test] GSPECT, gSPECT gated single photon gr wt  gross weight emission computed tomography GS  gallstone; Gardner syndrome; gas spec- GspIV  Glypta sp. ichnovirus trometry; gastric shield; gastrocnemius; gen- GSPS  Global School Personnel Survey eral surgery; gestational score; Gilbert GSR  galvanic skin response; generalized syndrome; Gitelman syndrome; glomerular Shwartzman reaction; glutathione reductase sclerosis; glucagon secretion; glucosamine; GSRS  Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating glucosamine sulfate; glutamine synthetase; Scale  179 GSS  gamete-shedding substance; General GTM  generalized tendomyopathy Social Survey; genome survey sequence; GTN  gestational trophoblastic neoplasia; Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker [disease]; glomerulotubulonephritis; glyceryl trinitrate glutathione synthetase; granulomatous slack GTO  Golgi tendon organ skin GTP  glutamyl transpeptidase; guanosine tri- GSSD  Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker dis- phosphate ease GTPase  guanosine triphosphatase GSSG  oxidized glutathione gt-PET  ground truth positron emission to- GSSG-R  glutathione reductase mography GSSI  general solvent-solute interaction GTPV  goatpox virus GSSR  generalized Sanarelli-Shwartzman GTR  galvanic tetanus ratio; granulocyte reaction turnover rate; guided tissue regeneration GST  glutathione-S-transferase; gold salt GTS  Gilles de la Tourette syndrome; glu- therapy; gold sodium thiomalate; graphic cose transport system stress telethermometry; group striction GTSS  Global Tobacco Surveillance Sys- GSTA  glutathione-S-transferase alpha tem GST1L  glutathione-S-transferase-1–like GTT  gelatin-tellurite-taurocholate; glucose GSTM  glutathione-S-transferase mu tolerance test GSTP  glutathione-S-transferase pi gtt.  drops [Lat. guttae] GSTT  glutathione-S-transferase theta G tube  gastric tube GSV  gestational sac volume; greater saphe- GTV  gross tumor volume nous vein GTX  Goniopora toxin; gonyautoxin GSVD  general singular value decomposi- GTX2  gonyautoxin II tion GTX3  gonyautoxin III GSVT  greater saphenous vein thrombophle- GU  gastric ulcer; genitourinary; glucose up- bitis take; glycogenic unit; gonococcal urethritis; GSW  gunshot wound gravitational ulcer; guanethidine GSWA  gunshot wound, abdominal GUA  group of units of analysis GSWH  gunshot wound to head Gua  guanine GSYY  Grimsey virus GUARANTEE  Global Unstable Angina GT  gait training; galactosyl transferase; gas- Registry and Treatment Evaluation trostomy; generation time; genetic therapy; GUCA  guanylate cyclase activator gingiva treatment; Glanzmann thrombasthe- GUD  genitourinary dysplasia nia; glucose therapy; glucose tolerance;  GUI  graphic user interface glucose transport; glucuronyl transferase; GUIDE  Guidance by Ultrasound Imaging glutamyl transpeptidase; glycityrosine; gran- for Decision Endpoints [trial] ulation tissue; great toe; greater trochanter; GUIDE II  Guidance by Ultrasound for Inter- group tensions; group therapy ventional Decision Endpoints II [trial] G&T  gowns and towels GUK  guanylate kinase GT1 to GT10  glycogen storage disease, GULHEMP  general physique, upper ex- types 1 to 10 tremity, lower extremity, hearing, eyesight, gt  drop [Lat. gutta] mentality, and personality [scale] g/t  granulation time; granulation tissue GUM  genitourinary medicine GTA  gene transfer agent; Glanzmann GUNM  Georgetown University Nursing thrombasthenia; glycerol teichoic acid Model GTB  gastrointestinal tract bleeding Guo  guanosine GTCS  generalized tonic-clonic seizures GURV  Gurupi virus GTD  gestational trophoblastic disease GUS  genitourinary sphincter; genitourinary GTDS  Giesen Tumor Documentation Sys- system tem GUSTO  Globus Ubiquitous Supercomput- GTE  green tea extract ing Testbed Organization GTEM  gigahertz transverse electromagnetic GUSTO-I  Global Utilization of Streptoki- [cell] nase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for GTF  general transcription factor; glucose Occluded Coronary Arteries [trial] tolerance factor; glucosyl-transferase GUSTO-IIa  Global Use of Strategies to GTH  gonadotropic hormone Open Occluded Arteries [trial] GTHR  generalized thyroid hormone resis- GUSTO-IIb  Global Use of Strategies to tance Open Occluded Arteries in Acute Coronary GTI  grid tiler Syndromes [trial]  180 GUSTO-III  Global Use of Strategies to G/W  glucose in water Open Occluded Coronary Arteries [trial] GWAFD  Genée-Wiedemann acrofacial GUSTO-IV  Global Use of Streptokinase dysostosis and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Oc- GWAS  genome-wide association studies cluded Arteries [trial] GWB  general well-being Guttat.  drop by drop [Lat. guttatim] GWDT  gray-weighted distance transforma- GV  gas ventilation; gastric volume; general- tion [imaging] ized vaccinia; gentian violet; germinal ves- GWE  glycerol and water enema icle; granulosis virus; griseoviridan; Gross GWG  generalized Wegener granulomatosis virus GWN  gaussian white noise GVA  general visceral afferent [nerve] GWTG  Get with the Guidelines GVB  gelatin-Veronal buffer GWUHP  George Washington University GVBD  germinal vesicle breakdown Health Plan GVE  general visceral efferent [nerve] GX  glycinexylidide; histopathologic grade GVF  good visual fields; gradient vector flow of tumor cannot be assessed GVG   gamma-vinyl-gamma-aminobutyric Gx  gastroschisis acid GXD  Gene-Expression Database GVH, GvH  graft versus host GXT  graded exercise test GVHD, GvHD  graft-versus-host disease Gy  gray GVHR, GvHR  graft-versus-host reaction GY-1  graduate year one GVL  graft versus leukemia GYN, Gyn, gyn  gynecologic, gynecolo- G vs HD  graft-versus-host disease gist, gynecology GVTY  gingivectomy GypV  gypsy virus GW  germ warfare; gigawatt; glycerin in GYTS  Global Youth Tobacco Survey water; gradual withdrawal; group work; GZ  Guilford-Zimmerman [test] guidewire  181 HA2  hemadsorption virus 2 H Ha  absolution hypermetropia; Hartmann number ha  hectare hamster; HAA  hearing aid amplifier; hemolytic ane- mia antigen; hepatitis-associated antigen; H  bacterial antigen in serologic classifica- hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia; hospital tion of bacteria [Ger. Hauch, breath]; deflec- activity analysis tion in the His bundle [ECG]; dose equivalent; HA Ag  hepatitis A antigen draft [Lat. haustus]; electrically induced spi- HAART  highly active antiretroviral therapy nal reflex; enthalpy; fucosal transferase- HAAS  Honolulu-Asia Aging Study producing gene; heart; heavy; height; hAAT  human α1-antitrypsin hemagglutination; hemisphere; hemolysis; HAB  harmful algal bloom; histoacryl blue henry; heparin; heroin; high; hippocampus; HABA  2(4′-hydroxyazobenzene) benzoic histidine; Histoplasma; histoplasmosis; Hol- acid zknecht unit; homosexual; horizontal; hor- HABF  hepatic artery blood flow mone; horse; hospital; Hounsfield unit; hour; HABP  hospital-acquired bacterial pneumo- human; hydrogen; hydrolysis; hygiene; hyo- nia scine; hypermetropia; hyperopia; hypoder- HA-BP  high-affinity binding protein mic; hypothalamus; magnetic field strength; HABP/VABP  hospital-acquired bacterial magnetization; mustard gas; oersted pneumonia/ventilator-associated bacterial H+  hydrogen ion pneumonia [H+]  hydrogen ion concentration HACCP  hazard analysis and critical control H0  null hypothesis point system H1/2  half-value layer HACE  high-altitude cerebral edema H1, 1H, H1  alternate hypothesis; first HACEK  Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Car- [heart] sound; halistatin; protium diobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella H2, 2H, H2  deuterium; second [heart] HACER  hypothalamic area controlling emo- sound tional response H3, 3H, H3  third [heart] sound; tritium HAChT  high-affinity choline transport 4H  hypothalamic hamartoblastoma, hyper- HACR  hereditary adenomatosis of the colon phalangeal hypoendocrine, hypoplastic anus and rectum [syndrome] HACS  Hazard-Assessment Computer Sys- h  hand rearing; heat transfer coefficient; tem; hyperactive child syndrome hecto; height; henry; hour; human; hundred; hACSP  human adenylate cyclase–stimulat- hypodermic; negatively staining region of ing protein a chromosome; Planck constant; secondary HACT  health care activity constriction; specific enthalpy HAD  health care alternatives development; h-  hecto- [102] hemadsorption; HIV-associated dementia; HA  H antigen; Hakim-Adams [syndrome]; hospital administration, hospital administra- halothane anesthesia; Hartley [guinea pig]; tor; hospital anxiety and depression [scale]; headache; health affairs; health alliance; health human immunodeficiency virus–associated authority; hearing aid; height age; hemadsorp- dementia tion; hemagglutinating antibody; hemaggluti- HAd  hemadsorption; hospital administrator nation; hemagglutinin; hemolytic anemia; HADD  hydroxyapatite deposition disease hemophiliac with adenopathy; hepatic adeno- HADH  hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase ma; hepatic artery; hepatitis A; hepatitis- HAd-I  hemadsorption-inhibition associated; heteroduplex analysis; heterophil HADS  hospital anxiety and depression scale antibody; Heyden antibiotic; high anxiety; hip- HAdV 1 to 51  human adenoviruses 1 to pocampal asymmetry; hippuric acid; histamine; 51 histocompatibility antigen; Horton arteritis; HAdV-A to F  human adenoviruses A to F hospital administration; hospital admission; HAE  health appraisal examination; hearing hospital apprentice; Hounsfield unit; human aid evaluation; hepatic artery embolism; he- albumin; hyaluronic acid; hydroxyapatite; hy- reditary angioneurotic edema droxylamine; hyperactive; hyperalimentation; Hae  Haemophilus influenzae aegyptius hyperandrogenism; hypersensitivity alveolitis; HAEC  Hirschsprung-associated enterocoli- hypothalamic amenorrhea tis; human aortic endothelial cell H/A  head to abdomen; headache HAF  hepatocellular altered focus; hyperali- 1HA  hydroxyapatite; hydroxylamine mentation fluid  182 HaF  Hageman factor HaMSV, Ha-MSV  Harvey murine sarco- HAFP  human alpha-fetoprotein ma virus HAG  heat-aggregated globulin HAN  heroin-associated nephropathy; hy- HAGG  hyperimmune antivariola gamma- perplastic alveolar nodule globulin HANA  hemagglutinin neuraminidase HAGH  hydroxyacyl-glutathione hydrolase H and E  hematoxylin and eosin HAGL  humeral avulsion of glenohumeral HANDI  Hemophilia and AIDS/HIV Net- ligament work for the Dissemination of Information HAH  halogenated aromatic compound Handicp  handicapped HAHS  Harvard Alumni Health Study HaNDL  headache and neurologic deficits HAHTG  horse antihuman thymus globulin with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis HAI  health care–associated infection; hem- HANE  hereditary angioneurotic edema; Hy- agglutination inhibition; hepatic arterial infu- drochlorothiazide, Atenolol, Nitrendipine, sion; hospital-acquired infection Enalapril [study] H&A Ins  health and accident insurance HANES  Health and Nutrition Examination HAIR-AN  hyperandrogenism, insulin resis- Survey tance, and acanthosis nigricans [syndrome] hANF  human atrial natriuretic factor HaK  hamster kidney h ANP  human atrial natriuretic peptide HAL  hand-assisted laparoscopy; Heart At- HANSA  Healthcare Advanced Networked tacks in London [study]; hemorrhoidal artery System Architecture ligation; hepatic artery ligation; hybrid artifi- HAODM  hypoplasia anguli oris depressor cial liver; hypoplastic acute leukemia muscle hal  halogen; halothane HAP  Handicapped Aid Program; Hazard- HALC  high affinity, low capacity ous Air Pollutants [list]; hazardous air pol- HALF  high amplitude, low frequency; Ho- lution; health alliance plan; hepatic arterial mocysteine, Atherosclerosis, Lipid and Fa- phase; heredopathia atactica polyneuritifor- milial Hypercholesterolemia [study] mis; high-altitude peristalsis; histamine acid HALFD  hypertonic albumin-containing fluid phosphate; hospital-acquired pneumonia; demand hospital admissions program; Human Ac- halluc  hallucinations tivity Profile; humoral antibody production; HALO  Halotestin hydrolyzed animal protein; hydroxyapatite; HALP  hand-assisted laparoscopic procto- hypoxic abdominal perfusion colectomy; hyperalphalipoproteinemia HAp  hydroxyapatite HALT  Hypertension and Lipid Trial HAPA  hemagglutinating anti-penicillin an- HALT MI  Hu23F2G Anti-Adhesion to Limit tibody Cytotoxic Injury Following Acute Myocar- HAPC  high-amplitude peristaltic contrac- dial Infarction [study] tion; hospital-acquired penetration contact HALV  human acquired immunodeficiency HAPE  high-altitude pulmonary edema syndrome lymphotropic virus HAPI  Heparin as an Alternative to Promote HaLV  hamster leukemia virus Patency in Acute Myocardial Infarction HAM  hearing aid microphone; helical [study] axis in motion; hemolymph anticoagula- HAPORT  Heart Attack Patient Outcome tion medium; human albumin microsphere; Research Team [study] human alveolar macrophage; human T-cell HAPPHY  Heart Attack Primary Prevention lymphotropic virus–associated myelopathy; in Hypertension hypoparathyroidism, Addison disease, and HAPS  hepatic arterial perfusion scintigra- mucocutaneous candidiasis [syndrome] phy HAM-1, -2  histocompatibility antigen modi- HAPSA  Home Assessment Program for fier types 1 and 2 Successful Aging HAm  human amnion HaPV  hamster polyomavirus HAMA  Hamilton anxiety [scale]; human HAPVC  hemianomalous pulmonary venous antimurine antibody connection HA-MA  methacrylated hyaluronic acid HAPVD  hemianomalous pulmonary venous HAMD  Hamilton depression [scale] drainage HAMDCT  Hospital Authority Master Dis- HAPVR  hemianomalous pulmonary venous ease Code Table return HAMIT  Heparin in Acute Myocardial In- HaPyV  hamster polyomavirus farction Trial HAQ  health assessment questionnaire  183 HAQDI  Heath Assessment Questionnaire heterophil antibody titer; histone acetyl- Disability Index transferase; home asthma telemonitoring; HAR  head airway region; high-altitude reti- hospital arrival time; human African trypano- nopathy somiasis; hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and HARD  hydrocephalus, agyria, retinal dys- thymidine; hypoxanthine, azaserine, and thy- plasia [syndrome] midine HARD ± E  hydrocephalus, agyria, retinal 3-HAT  3-hydroxyanthranilic acid dysplasia with or without encephalocele HATG  horse antihuman thymocyte globulin [syndrome] HATH  Heterosexual Attitudes Toward Ho- HAREM  heparin assay rapid easy method mosexuality [scale] HARH  high-altitude retinal hemorrhage HATT  heparin-associated thrombocytopenia HARK  humiliation, afraid, rape, kick [vio- and thrombosis lence screening tool] HATTS  hemagglutination treponemal test HARM  harmonics from the injected signal; for syphilis heparin assay rapid method HaTx  hanatoxin HAROLD  Hypertension and Ambulatory HAU  hemagglutinating unit Recording in the Old HAV  hemadsorption virus; hepatitis A HARP  harmonic phase; Harvard Athero- virus sclerosis Reversibility Project; homeless and HAVOC  Hematoma and Vascular Outcome at-risk population; hospital admission risk Complications [study] profile HAVS  hand-arm vibration syndrome HARS  histidyl-RNA synthetase; human HAWIC  Hamburg-Wechsler Intelligence Test AIDS reporting system for Children HART  Heparin-Aspirin Reperfusion Trial; HAZ  height-for-age Z-score hyperfractionated accelerated radiation ther- HAZMAT, HazMat, hazmat  hazardous apy; Hypertension Audit of Risk Factor material Therapy [study] HAZOP  hazard and operability HART II  Heparin and Reperfusion Thera- HAZR  hazardous substance pies [study] HAZUS  Hazard US [method] HARTS  Hoechst Adverse Reaction Termi- HAZWOPER  hazardous waste operations nology System and emergency response HAS  Hamilton Anxiety Scale; health advi- HB  health board; heart block; heel to but- sory service; health assessment system; Hel- tock; held back; hemoglobin; hepatitis B; His sinki Aging Study; Hemostatic System bundle; hold breakfast; housebound; hybrid- Activation Substudy; highest asymptomatic; oma bank; hyoid body Hirulog Angioplasty Study; hospital admin- Hb  hemoglobin istrative service; hospital advisory service; HBA  bundle of His electrogram; heated human albumin solution; hydrocephalus due blood agar [test] to stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius; hyper- HbA  hemoglobin A, adult hemoglobin alimentation solution; hypertensive arterio- HBA1  glycosylated hemoglobin sclerotic HBAb  hepatitis B antibody HASCVD  hypertensive arteriosclerotic car- HBABA  hydroxybenzeneazobenzoic acid diovascular disease HbA1c, HbA1c  glycosylated hemoglobin HASHD  hypertensive arteriosclerotic heart HBAg  hepatitis B antigen disease HBB  hemoglobin beta chain; hospital blood HASI  Hirulog Angioplasty Study Investiga- bank; hydroxybenzyl benzimidazole tors HbBC  hemoglobin binding capacity HASM  human airway smooth muscle HBBW  hold breakfast blood work HASMC  human aortic smooth muscle cell HBC  hereditary breast cancer HASP  Hospital Admissions and Surveil- HBc, HBC, HBc  hepatitis B core [antigen] lance Program HbC  hemoglobin C HASS  highest anxiety subscale score HBCAB, HBcAb  hepatitis B core antibody HASTE  half-Fourier acquisition single-shot HBCAG, HBcAg, HBcAg  hepatitis B core turbo spin echo antigen HAstV 1 to 8  human astroviruses 1 to 8 HBCG  heat-aggregated Calmette-Guérin HAT  hair apposition technique; Halsted Apha- bacillus sia Test; head, arm, trunk; Health Attribution HbCO  carboxyhemoglobin Test; heparin-associated thrombocytopenia; Hb CS  hemoglobin Constant Spring  184 HBCT  helical biphasic contrast-enhanced HBPV  HB virus computed tomography HBr  hydrobromic acid HbCV  Haemophilus influenzae conjugate HbR  reduced hemoglobin vaccine HBS  hepatitis B surface [antigen]; hyperki- HBD  has been drinking; homozygous by netic behavior syndrome descent; hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase; hy- HBs  hepatitis B surface [antigen] pophosphatemic bone disease HbS  hemoglobin S; sickle cell hemoglobin HbD  hemoglobin D HBsAb  hepatitis B surface antibody hBD  human beta-defensin HBsAb/Ag  hepatitis B surface antibody/ HBDH  hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase antigen hBDNF  human brain-derived neurotrophic HBSAG, HBsAg, HBsAG, HBsAg  hepa- factor titis B surface antigen HBDT  human basophil degranulation test HBsAg/adr  hepatitis B surface antigen HBE  His bundle electrogram manifesting group-specific determinant a and HbE  hemoglobin E subtype-specific determinants d and r HBe  hepatitis B early antigen HBSC  hematopoietic blood stem cell HBeAb/Ag  hepatitis B e-antibody/antigen HBSS  Hank’s balanced salt solution HBEAG, HBeAg, HBeAg  hepatitis B early HbSS  hemoglobin SS antigen HBT  brevetoxin; human brain thromboplas- HBEC  human brain endothelial cell tin; human breast tumor HB-EGF  heparin-binding epidermal growth HBT-B  brevetoxin B factor Hbtot  total hemoglobin HBF  hand blood flow; hemispheric blood HBV  hepatitis B vaccine; hepatitis B virus; flow; hemoglobinuric bilious fever; hepatic high biologic value blood flow; hypothalamic blood flow HBV-MN  membranous nephropathy asso- HbF  fetal hemoglobin; hemoglobin F ciated with hepatitis B virus Hbg  hemoglobin HBVS  hepatitis B virus integration site HBGF  heparin-binding growth factor HBW  Healthbeat Wales [study]; high birth HBGM  home blood glucose monitoring weight HBGR  hemoglobin-gamma regulator HbZ  hemoglobin Z, hemoglobin Zürich HbH  hemoglobin H HC  hair cell; hairy cell; Hajdu-Cheney [dis- HBHC  hospital-based home care ease]; handicapped; head circumference; head HBHCT  hospital-based home care team compression; health care; health checkup; Hb-Hp  hemoglobin-haptoglobin healthy control; heart catheterization; heart HBI  hemibody irradiation; high serum- cycle; heat conservation; heavy chain; hema- bound iron tochromatosis; hemicholinium; hemoglobin HBIG, HBIg  hepatitis B immunoglobulin concentration; hemorrhagic colitis; heparin HBL  hepatoblastoma cofactor; hepatic catalase; hepatitis C; hepa- HBLA  human B-cell lymphocyte antigen tocellular; hepatocellular cancer; hereditary H2 blockers  histamine blockers coproporphyria; hexachloroethane; Hickman HBLV  human B-cell lymphotropic virus catheter; high calorie; hip circumference; hip- HBM  health belief model; hypertonic buff- pocampus; histamine challenge; histochem- ered medium istry; home care; homocysteinuria; Hospital HbM  hemoglobin Milwaukee Corps; house call; Huntington chorea; hya- HBMEC  human brain microvascular endo- line casts; hybrid capture [assay]; hydraulic thelial cell concussion; hydrocarbon; hydrocortisone; HbMet  methemoglobin hydroxycorticoid; hyoid cornu; hypercholes- HBMP  Human Brain Map Project terolemia; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hBNP  human brain natriuretic peptide H&C  hot and cold HBO  hyperbaric oxygen, hyperbaric oxy- 4HC  4-hydroperoxy-cyclophosphamide genation Hc  hexachloroethane; Histoplasma capsula- HbO, HbO2  oxyhemoglobin tum; hybrid capture [assay]; hydrocolloid HBOC  hereditary breast-ovarian cancer HCA  health care associate; heart cell aggre- HBOT  hyperbaric oxygen therapy gate; hepatocellular adenoma; hierarchical HBoV  human bocavirus clustering analysis; home care aide; Hospital HBP  heartbeat period; hepatic binding pro- Corporation of America; hybrid capture tein; high blood pressure; hospital-based assay; hydrocortisone acetate; hypothermic practice circulatory arrest HbP  primitive hemoglobin HCa  high calcium  185 HC/AC  head circumference/abdominal cir- HCL  hairy cell leukemia; human cultured cumference ratio lymphoblasts hCaCC  human calcium-sensitive chloride HCl  hydrogen chloride channel HCLF  high carbohydrate, low fiber HCAEC  human coronary artery endothelial HCLU  health care libraries unit cell HCM  health care management; hospital HCAP  handicapped communication module; hypertrophic car- HCATT  hyperbaric care air transport team diomyopathy HCA/W  home care aide/worker HCMM  hereditary cutaneous malignant HCB  hexachlorobenzene melanoma HCC  health call center; health care–related HCMV  human cytomegalovirus common component; hepatitis contagiosa HCN  health communication network; he- canis; hepatocellular carcinoma; history of reditary chronic nephritis chief complaint; hospital computer center; HCO  health care organization hydroxycholecalciferol HCO3−  bicarbonate 25-HCC  25-hydroxycholecalciferol HCOP  health center opportunity program HCCA  health care commuting area; hepato- HCoV  human coronavirus cellular carcinoma; hereditary cortical cere- HCP  handicapped; health care professional; bellar atrophy; hilar cholangiocarcinoma health care provider; hematopoietic cell 4-hydroxycinnamic acid phosphatase; hepatocatalase peroxidase; he- HCCAA  hereditary cysteine C amyloid an- reditary coproporphyria; hexachlorophene; giopathy high cell passage; home care platform; hy- HCCH  hexachlorocyclohexane drophobic class pair; hyperplasia with chron- HCCS  hereditary cancer consulting service ic pancreatitis HCD  health care delivery; heavy-chain dis- H&CP  hospital and community psychiatry ease; high-calorie diet; high-carbohydrate HCPCS  Healthcare Common Procedure diet; homologous canine distemper; human Coding System Chagas disease HCPH  hematopoietic cell phosphatase HCE  health care establishment; health care HCPOTP  health care professionals other expertise; hypoglossal carotid entrapment than physicians HCEA  Health Care Education Association HCPP  health care prepayment plan HC-EAS  hybrid capture expansion analysis HCPS  hantavirus cardiopulmonary syn- system drome HCF  [fetal] head-to-cervix force; healthy HCQI  health care quality improvement control female; heparin cofactor; hereditary HCQIA  Health Care Quality Improvement capillary fragility; highest common factor; Act hypocaloric carbohydrate feeding HCR  heme-controlled repressor; host cell HCFA  Health Care Financing Administra- reactivation; hysterical conversion reaction tion HCRE  Homeopathic Council for Research hCFSH  human chorionic follicle-stimulating and Education hormone hCRH  human corticotropin-releasing hor- HCG, HcG, hCG  human chorionic gonad- mone otropin Hcrit  hematocrit HCH  Health Care for the Homeless; hemo- H-CRT  high-resolution cathode ray tube chromatosis; hexachlorocyclohexane; hygro- HCS  Hajdu-Cheney syndrome; Hazard scopic condenser humidifier Communication Standard; health care sup- HCHB  hemichorea-hemiballismus port; hemocystic spot; high confidence [in- HCHP  Harvard Community Health Plan formation] system; hourglass contraction of HCHWA  hereditary cerebral hemorrhage the stomach; human chorionic somatotropin; with amyloidosis human cord serum HCHWA-D  hereditary cerebral hemorrhage 17-HCS  17-hydroxycorticosteroid with amyloidosis, Dutch type hCS  human chorionic somatomammotropin HCI  Health Commons Institute; human col- HCSD  Health Care Studies Division lagenase inhibitor; human-computer interface hCSM  human chorionic somatomammotro- HcImp  hydrocolloid impression pin HCIN  high-grade cervical intraepithelial HCSS  hypersensitive carotid sinus syn- neoplasia drome HCIS  Health Care Information System HCSUS  HIV Cost and Services Utilization HCK  hematopoietic cell kinase Study  186 HCT  health check test; helical computed HDC  hand drive control; Health Care tomography; hematocrit; hematopoietic Financing Administration Data Center; high- cell transplantation; historic control trial; dose chemotherapy; histidine decarboxylase; homocytotrophic; human calcitonin; hydro- hospital dialysis center; human diploid cell; chlorothiazide; hydrophobic class torsion; hypodermoclysis hydroxycortisone HDCS  human diploid cell strain Hct  hematocrit HDCT  high-dose chemotherapy hCT  human calcitonin; human chorionic HDCV  human diploid cell rabies vaccine thyrotropin HDD  hard disk device; high-dosage depth; HCTA  health care technology assessment; Higher Dental Diploma helical compound tomographic angiography HDDRISC  Heart Disease and Diabetes Risk HCTC  Health Care Technology Center Indicators in a Screened Cohort [study] HCTD  hepatic computed tomography den- HDE  high-dose epinephrine; humanitarian sity device exemption HCTS  high cholesterol and tocopherol sup- HDES  Heidelberg Diet and Exercise Study plement HDF  hemodiafiltration; host defense factor; HCTU  home cervical traction unit human diploid fibroblast HCTZ  hydrochlorothiazide HDFP  Hypertension Detection and Follow- HCU  hand-carried ultrasound; health care up Program unit; homocystinuria; hyperplasia cystica 3H-DFP  tritiated diisopropyl-fluorophos- uteri phonate HCUP  Healthcare Cost and Utilization Proj- HDG  high-dose group ect HDH  heart disease history HCUPnet  Healthcare Cost and Utilization Hdh  huntingtin; Huntington disease homo- Project Network log HCV  hepatitis C virus; hog cholera virus 3H-DHE  tritiated dihydroergocryptine HCVD  hemorrhagic cerebrovascular dis- HDI  Hamilton depression inventory; hemor- ease; hypertensive cardiovascular disease; rhagic disease of infants; hexamethylene di- hypoxic coronary vasodilatation isocyanate; high-definition imaging; hospital HCVE  human cardiac valve endothelium discharge index HCVS  human coronavirus sensitivity HDIC  hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of HCW  health care worker colon Hcy  homocysteine HDIR  high-dose ionizing radiation; high HD  distilled mustard [gas]; Haab-Dimmer isodose range [syndrome]; Hajna-Damon [broth]; Hansen HDIVIG  high-dose intravenous immuno- disease; hard disk; hearing distance; heart dis- globulin ease; helix destabilizing [protein]; hemides- HDL  hardware description language; high- mosome; hemidiaphragm; hemodialysis; density lipoprotein hemolytic disease; hemolyzing dose; hemor- HDLBP  high-density lipoprotein binding rhagic dengue; herniated disk; high density; protein high dose; hip disarticulation; Hirschsprung HDL-C  high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol disease; histopathologic damage; Hodgkin complex disease; homeodomain; hormone dependent; HDL-c  high-density lipoprotein cell surface house dust; human defensin; human diploid HDLP  high-density lipoprotein [cells]; Huntington disease; hydatid disease; HDLS  hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopa- hydrodensitometry; hydroxydopamine thy with spheroids H&D  Hunter and Driffield [curve] HDLW  distance from which a watch ticking HD50  50% hemolyzing dose of comple- is heard by the left ear ment HDM  house dust mite HDA  heteroduplex analysis; high disease HDMA  Healthcare Distribution Manage- activity; Huntington’s Disease Association; ment Association hydroxydopamine HDMP  high-dose methylprednisolone HDAC  histone deacetylase HDMTX  high-dose methotrexate HDACI  histone deacetylase inhibitors HDMTX-CF  high-dose methotrexate citro­ HDAd  helper-dependent adenovirus vorum factor HD-AF  hemidesmosome-anchoring filament HDMTX-LV  high-dose methotrexate leu- HDAg  hepatitis delta antigen covorin HDARAC  high-dose cytarabine HDN  health data network; hemolytic dis- HDBH  hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase ease of the newborn  187 hDNA  heteroduplex deoxyribonucleic acid; HealthSTAR  Health Services, Technology, hybrid deoxyribonucleic acid Administration, and Research HDP  heart disease program; hexose diphos- HEAP  heparin and early patency phate; high-density polyethylene; hydrogen HEART  Healing and Early Afterload Reduc- diphosphonate; hydroxydimethylpyrimidine ing Therapy [study]; Health Education and HDPAA  heparin-dependent platelet-associ- Research Trial; Hyperlipidemia, Epidemiolo- ated antibody gy, Atherosclerosis Risk-Factor Trial; Hyper- HDPE  high-density polyethylene tension and Ambulatory Recording Venetia HDPs  homeopathic drug provings Study HDR  high-dose radiation; high dose rate HEAT  human erythrocyte agglutination test HDRA  histoculture drug response assay HEB  hematoencephalic barrier HDRBC  head-damaged red blood cells HEBSWEB  Health Education Board for HDRF  Heart Disease Research Foundation Scotland’s Website HDRS  Hamilton Depression Rating Scale HEC  hamster embryo cell; Health Education HDRV  human diploid rabies vaccine Council; human endothelial cell; hydroxyer- HDRW  distance from which a watch ticking gocalciferol; hydroxyethyl cellulose is heard by the right ear HECC  high-end computing and computation HDS  Hamilton Depression Scale; Health HECCWG  High End Computing and Com- Data Services; health delivery system; putation Working Group Healthcare Data Systems; herbal and dietary HED  hereditary ectodermal dysplasia; hy- supplement; herniated disk syndrome; Hos- drotropic electron donor; hydroxyephedrine; pital Discharge Survey; Hypertension in Dia- hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia; unit skin betes Study dose [radiation; Ger. Haut-Einheits-Dosis] HDSA  Huntington’s Disease Society of HEDH  hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia– America hypothyroidism [syndrome] HDSCR  health deviation self-care requisites HEDIS  Health Employer Data and Informa- HDT  high-dose treatment tion Set HDU  hemodialysis unit; high-dependency HEENT  head, ears, eyes, nose, and throat unit HEEP  health effects of environmental pol- HDV  hemorrhagic disease virus; hepatitis D lutants virus, hepatitis delta virus HEF  hamster embryo fibroblast; human em- HDZ  hydralazine bryo fibroblast HE  half-scan with extrapolation; hard exu- HeFT  heart failure trial date; hektoen enteric [agar]; hemagglutinat- HEG  hemorrhagic erosive gastritis; hexaeth- ing encephalomyelitis; hematoxylin-eosin ylene glycol [stain]; hemoglobin electrophoresis; hepatic HEHR  highest equivalent heart rate encephalopathy; hereditary elliptocytosis; HEI  Health Effects Institute; high-energy high exposure; hollow enzyme; human en- intermediate; highly exposed individual; ho- teric; hydroxyethyl; hyperextension; hyper- mogeneous enzyme immunoassay; human tensive encephalopathy; hypogonadotropic embryonic intestine [cells] eunuchoidism HEI-AR  Health Effects Institute-Asbestos H&E  hematoxylin and eosin; hemorrhage Research and exudate; heredity and environment HEIR  health effects of ionizing radiation; H/E  hematoxylin/eosin high-energy ionizing radiation He  heart HEIS  high-energy ion scattering HEA  hexone-extracted acetone; human HEK  human embryo kinase; human embry- erythrocyte antigen onic kidney HEADDFIRST  Hemicraniectomy and Du- HEL  hen egg white lysozyme; human em- rotomy from Massive Hemispheric Infarc- bryonic lung; human erythroleukemia tions: A Proposed Multicenter, Prospective HeLa  Helen Lake [cells] Randomized Study Heliox  helium and oxygen HEADLAMP  Health and Environment HELF  human embryo lung fibroblast Analysis for Decision Making: Linkage and HELLIS  Health, Literature, Library, and In- Monitoring Project formation Services HEAL  health education assistance loan; HELLP  hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, Hospital and Emergency Ambulance Link and low platelet count [syndrome] HealSB  Health Standards Board HELP  Hawaii early learning profile; Health HEALTH ABC  Dynamics of Health, Aging Education Library Program; Health Emer- and Body Composition [study] gency Loan Program; Health Evaluation   188 and Learning Program; Health Evaluation HEPOD  hereditary expansile polyostotic Through Logical Processing; Heart European dysplasia Leaders Panel [study]; heat escape lessen- HEPT  1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phen­ ing posture; heparin-induced extracorporeal ylthio)thymine low-density lipoprotein precipitation; Heroin HER  hemorrhagic encephalopathy of rats; Emergency Life Project; Hospital Equipment hernia; human epidermal growth factor re- Loan Project; Hospitalized Elderly Longitu- ceptor dinal Project Her-2  human epidermal growth factor HELP NSAID  Helicobacter Eradication for receptor-2 Lesion Prevention with Nonsteroidal Anti- hered  hereditary, heredity inflammatory Drugs [study] HERN  Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Euro- HELPS  Hypertension, Exercise, and Life- pean Research Network style Programs for Seniors [study] hern  hernia, herniated HELVETICA  Hirudin in European Resteno- HERO  Hirulog Early Reperfusion/Occlusion sis Prevention Trial vs. Heparin Treatment in [study] Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angio- HEROICS  How Effective Are Revascular- plasty ization Options in Cardiogenic Shock?  HEM  hematologist, hematology; hematuric; [trial] hemophilia; hemorrhage; hemorrhoids; high- HERS  Health Evaluation and Referral Ser- electrolyte meal vice; Heart and Estrogen-Progestin Re­ HEMA  health data manager application; placement Study; hemorrhagic fever with Health Education Media Association renal syndrome; HIV Research Study; Hys- 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate terectomy Educational Resources and Ser- hemat  hematologist, hematology vices HEMB  hemophilia B HERT  hospital emergency response team hemi  hemiparalysis, hemiparesis; hemiplegia HES  health examination survey; hematoxy- HEMO, hemo  hemodialysis lin-eosin stain; human embryonic skin; HEMOA  Hemophilia A Mutation Database human embryonic spleen; hydroxyethyl HEMOSTAT  Hemostasis with ProstarXL starch; hypereosinophilic syndrome; hyper- vs. Angioseal After Coronary Intervention prostaglandin E syndrome Trial HeSCA  Health Sciences Communications HEMPAS  hereditary erythrocytic multinu- Association clearity with positive acidified serum HESI  Health and Environmental Sciences HEMRI  hereditary multifocal relapsing in- Institute flammation HET  Health Education Telecommunications; HEMS  hospital engineering management helium equilibration time system Het  heterophil HEN  home enteral nutrition het  heterozygous hENaC  human epithelial sodium channel HETA  health evaluation and technical assis- HeNe  helium neon tance HEP  hemolysis end point; hepatic; hepato- HETE  hydroxyeicosatetraenoic [acid] erythropoietic porphyria; high egg passage HETP  height equivalent to a theoretic plate; [virus]; high-energy phosphate; home exer- hexaethyltetraphosphate cise program; human epithelial cell; Hyper- HEV  health and environment; hemaggluti- tension in Elderly Persons [trial] nating encephalomyelitis virus; hemorrhagic HEp-1  human cervical carcinoma cells enteritis virus; hepatitis E virus; hepato- HEp-2  human laryngeal tumor cells encephalomyelitis virus; high endothelial Hep  hepatic; hepatitis venule; high endothelial vessel; human en- hEP  human endorphin terovirus HEPA  high-efficiency particulate air HeV  hepatitis viruses HEP A, HepA  hepatitis A HEV-A, B, C, D  human enteroviruses A, B, HEP B, HepB  hepatitis B C, and D HepBsAg  hepatitis B surface antigen HEW  [Department of] Health, Education, HEP C  hepatitis C and Welfare HEP D  hepatitis D HEX  hexaminidase; hexosaminidase HEPES  N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-2-eth- Hex  hexamethylmelamine anesulfonic [acid] HEXA  Hexosaminidase A Locus Database HEPM  human embryonic palatal mesenchy- HEX A, hex A  hexosaminidase A mal [cell] HEX B, hex B  hexosaminidase B  189 HEX C, hex C  hexosaminidase C HFPPV  high-frequency positive pressure HF  Hageman factor; half-Fourier; haplotype ventilation frequency; hard filled; hay fever; head for- HFPV  high-frequency percussive ventilation ward; head of fetus; heart failure; helper fac- HFR  high-frequency recombination tor; hemofiltration; hemorrhagic factor; Hfr  heart frequency; high frequency hemorrhagic fever; Hertz frequency; high fat; HFREF  heart failure with reduced ejection high flow; high frequency; hippocampal for- fraction mation; human factor; human fibroblast; hu- HFRND  high frequency and responsibility midifier fever; hydrogen fluoride; hyperflexion nursing diagnosis Hf  hafnium; hippocampal formation HFRS  hemorrhagic fever with renal syn- hF  half-Fourier drome hf  half; high frequency HFS  hemifacial spasm; Hospital Financial HFA  Health for All; height for age; high- Support functioning autism hfs  hyperfine structure HFAK  hollow-fiber artificial kidney hFSH, HFSH  human follicle-stimulating HFB  human fetal brain hormone HFBA  heptafluorobutyric acid HFSP  Hanukah factor serine protease HFC  hard filled capsule; high-frequency HFST  hearing for speech test component; high-frequency current; hista- HFT  high-frequency transduction; high- mine-forming capacity; hydrofluorocarbon frequency transfer HFD  hemorrhagic fever of deer; high-fiber Hft  high-frequency transfer diet; high-flux dialysis; high forceps deliv- HFTT  high-frequency induced thermothera- ery; high-frequency Doppler; hospital field py director; human factors design HFU  hand-foot-uterus [syndrome] HFDA  high film density area HFV  high-frequency ventilation; human HFDK  human fetal diploid kidney foamy virus HFDL  human fetal diploid lung HG  hand grip; herpes gestationis; Heschl’s HFE, HFe  hemochromatosis gyrus; high glucose; human gonadotropin; HFEC  human foreskin epithelial cell human growth; hypoglycemia HFECG  high-frequency electrocardiography hg  hectogram; hemoglobin HFF  human foreskin fibroblast HGA  homogentisic acid; human granulo- HFG  hand-foot-genital [syndrome] cytic anaplasmosis HFGC  human fetal glial cell HGAC  high gain adaptive control HFH  hemifacial hyperplasia hGalR  human galanin receptor HFHV  high frequency, high volume Hgb  hemoglobin HFI  hereditary fructose intolerance; high- HGD  high-grade dysplasia Fourier imaging; high-frequency informa- HGDB  Human Genome Database tion; human fibroblast interferon Hge  hemorrhage HFIF  human fibroblast interferon HGF  hematopoietic growth factor; hepato- HFIFPPV  high-frequency interrupted flow cyte growth factor; human gingival fibro- positive pressure ventilation blast; hyperglycemic-glucogenolytic factor HFIS  high-frequency insertion system Hg-F  fetal hemoglobin HFJV  high-frequency jet ventilation HGFL  hepatocyte growth factor–like [pro- HFK  human foreskin keratinocyte tein] HFL  human fetal lung HGF-R  hepatocyte growth factor receptor HFM  hand, foot, and mouth [disease]; hemi- HGF/SF  hepatocyte growth factor/scatter facial microsomia factor HFMA  Healthcare Financial Management HGG  herpetic geniculate ganglionitis; Association human gammaglobulin; hypogammaglobu- HFO  high field open; high-frequency oscil- linemia lation/oscillator HGH, HgH, hGH  human growth hormone HFO-A  high-frequency oscillatory [ventila­ HGHRF  human growth hormone–releasing tion], active factor HFOV  high-frequency oscillatory ventila- HGI  Human Gene Index tion HGIN  high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia HFP  hexafluoropropylene; high-frequency HGL  heregulin pulsation; hypofibrinogenic plasma HGM  heterotropic gastric mucosa; hog gas- HFPEF  heart failure with preserved ejection tric mucosa; human gene mapping; human fraction glucose monitoring  190 HGMCR  human genetic mutant cell reposi- HHG  hypertrophic hypersecretory gastropa- tory thy; hypogonadotropic hypogonadism HGMD, HGMDB  Human Gene Mutation HHH  hyperornithinemia, hyperammone- Database mia, homocitrillinuria [syndrome] HGMP  Human Genome Mapping Project HHHH  hereditary hemihypotrophy, hemi- HGMP RC  Human Genome Mapping Proj- paresis, hemiathetosis [syndrome] ect Resource Centre HHHO  hypotonia, hypomentia, hypogonad- HGO  hepatic glucose output; human glu- ism, obesity [syndrome] cose output HHI  hereditary hearing impairment HGP  hepatic glucose production; Human HHIE  Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Genome Project; hyperglobulinemic purpura Elderly HGPRT  hypoxanthine guanine phosphori- HHIE-S  Hearing Handicap Inventory for the bosyl transferase Elderly-Screening Version HGPS  hereditary giant platelet syndrome; HHIS  hospital in home information system Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome HHM  high humidity mask; Hodgkin- HGPT  hypoxanthine-guanosine phosphori- Huxley equation for muscles; humoral hyper- bosyl transferase calcemia of malignancy hGR  human glucocorticoid receptor H + Hm  compound hypermetropic astigma- hGRH  human growth hormone–releasing tism hormone HHMI  Howard Hughes Medical Institutes HGS  hand grip strength HHMMTV  human homologue of mouse HGTS  Human Gene Therapy Subcommit- mammary tumor virus tee HHN  handheld nebulizer HGV  hepatitis G virus HHNA  Home Healthcare Nurses Associa- HH  halothane hepatitis; handheld; hard of tion hearing; healthy hemophiliac; healthy human; HHNC  hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic Henderson-Hasselbalch equation; hiatal her- coma nia; Hodgkin-Huxley [model]; holistic health; HHNK  hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non- home help; hydralazine acid hydrazone; hy- ketotic [coma] droxyhexamide; hypergastrinemic hyper- HHNS  hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non- chlorhydria; hyperhidrosis; hypogonadotropic ketotic syndrome hypogonadism; hyporeninemic hypoaldoste- HHP  Honolulu Heart Program ronism HHPA  hexahydrophthalic anhydride H&H  hematocrit and hemoglobin HHR  hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide, and Hh  hedgehog reserpine HHA  health hazard appraisal; hereditary he- HHRG  home health resource group molytic anemia; home health agency; home HHRH  hereditary hypophosphatemic rick- health aid; hypothalamo-hypophyseo-adre- ets with hypercalciuria; hypothalamic hypo- nal [system] physiotropic releasing hormone HH  handheld assist HHS  [Department of] Health and Human HHANES  Hispanic Health and Nutrition Services; Hearing Handicap Scale; Helsinki Examination Survey Heart Study; hereditary hemolytic syndrome; HHAV  human hepatitis A virus Honolulu Heart Study; human hypopituitary HHb  hypohemoglobinemia; un-ionized he- serum; hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syn- moglobin drome; hyperkinetic heart syndrome HHC  heart healthy controls; home health HHSSA  Home Health Services and Staffing care; household contact; hypocalciuric hy- Association percalcemia HHT  head halter traction; hereditary hemor- HHCC  home health care classification rhagic telangiectasia; heterotopic heart  HHCS  high-altitude hypertrophic cardiomy- transplantation; homoharringtonine; hy- opathy syndrome droxyheptadecatrienoic acid HHD  high heparin dose; home hemodialy- HHV  human herpesvirus sis; hypertensive heart disease HHV 1 to 8  human herpesviruses 1 to 8 HHE  health hazard evaluation; hemiconvul- HI  half-scan with interpolation; hazard sion, hemiplegia, epilepsy [syndrome]; hypo- index; head injury; health informatics; health tonic hyporesponsive episode insurance; hearing impaired; heart infusion; HHEs  hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes hemagglutination inhibition; hepatobiliary HHFAST  handheld focused assessment with imaging; high impulsiveness; histidine; hor- sonography for trauma mone independent; hormone insensitivity;  191 hospital insurance; humoral immunity; hy- HII  Health Industries Institute; health infor- droxyindole; hyperglycemic index; hypomel- mation infrastructure; Health Insurance Insti- anosis of Ito; hypothermic ischemia tute; hemagglutination inhibitor immunoassay H-I  hemagglutination-inhibition HIL  health information locator Hi  histamine; histidine HILA  high impulsiveness, low anxiety HIA  Hearing Industries Association; heat HILDA  human interleukin in DA [cells] infusion agar; hemagglutination inhibition HILI  herbal and dietary supplement–induced antibody or assay liver injury HIAA  Health Insurance Association of HIM  health information management; hepa- America titis–infectious mononucleosis; hexosephos- 5-HIAA  5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid phate isomerase; hyperimmunoglobulin M HIB  heart infusion broth; hemolytic immune HIMA  Health Industry Manufacturers As- body; Haemophilus influenzae type B [vac- sociation cine] HIMAC  heavy ion medical accelerator in Hib  Haemophilus influenzae type B [vac- Chiba cine] HIMC  hepatic intramitochondrial crystal- HIBAC  Health Insurance Benefits Advisory loid Council HIMEC  human intestinal microvascular en- HIBC  health industry bar code dothelial cells HIBCC  Health Industry Business Communi- HIMO  Healthcare Information Manage- cations Council ment Officer HIC  handling-induced convulsions; health HIMP  high-dose intravenous methylpred- insurance claim; Heart Information Center; nisolone hydrophobic-interaction chromatography HIMS  health care information management HICA  hydroxyisocaproic acid system HIC-CPR  high-impulse compression cardio- HIMSS  Healthcare Information Manage- pulmonary resuscitation ment and Support System; Healthcare Infor- HICH  hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage mation and Management Systems Society HiCn  cyanmethemoglobin HIMT  hemagglutination inhibition mor- HICPAC  Healthcare Infection Control Prac- phine test tices Advisory Committee HIN  health information network; Hemo- HI-CPR  high-impulse cardiopulmonary re- philia in the Netherlands [study] suscitation HI:NC  health information: nursing compo- HID  headache, insomnia, depression [syn- nent drome]; herniated intervertebral disk; human h-index  Hirsch Index infectious dose; hyperkinetic impulse disor- HINF  health information science der; hypertension in diabetes HINT  health care information networks HIDA  Health Industry Distributors Associa- and technologies; hierarchical interpolation; tion; hepato-iminodiacetic acid Holland Interuniversity Nifedipine/Metoprolol HIDAC  high-density avalanche chamber Trial HIDDEL  health information disclosure, de- Hint  Hinton [test] scription, and evaluation language HIO  health insuring organization; hy- HIE  human intestinal epithelium; hyperim- poiodism munoglobulin E; hypoxic-ischemic encepha- HIOMT  hydroxyindole-O-methyl transfer- lopathy ase HIES  hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome HIOS  high index of suspicion HIF  higher integrative functions; hypoxia- HIP  health illness profile; health insurance inducible factor plan/program; help for incontinent people; HIFBS  heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum heparan sulfate/heparin interacting protein; HIFC  hog instrinsic factor concentrate homograft incus prosthesis; hospital insur- HIFCS  heat-inactivated fetal calf serum ance program; hydrostatic indifference point HiFOS  High-Frequency Oscillation Study HIPA  heparin-induced platelet activation HIFU  high-intensity focused ultrasound HIPAA  Health Insurance Portability and HIG, hIG  human immunoglobulin Accountability Act HIg  hyperimmunoglobulin HIPC  Health Information Policy Council; HIGS  Hemophilia Inhibitor Genetics Study health insurance purchasing collective; HIH  hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage health insurance purchasing cooperative HIHA  high impulsiveness, high anxiety HIPDM  N-trimethyl-n-(2-hydroxyl-3-meth- HiHb  hemiglobin (methemoglobin) yl-5-iodobenzyl)-1,3-propendiamine  192 HIPE  Hospital Inpatient Enquiry of Thrombolysis [study]; histamine inhala- HIPEC  hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemo- tion test; hypertrophic infiltrative tendinitis therapy HITB, HiTB  Haemophilus influenzae type B HiPIP  high-potential iron protein HITF  Health Insurance Trust Fund HIPO  hemihypertrophy, intestinal web, pre- HITS  high-intensity transient signal; HIV auricular skin tag, and congenital corneal Testing Survey; hurt, insult, threaten, scream opacity [syndrome]; Hospital Indicator for HIT-SK  Hirudin for the Improvement of Physicians Orders Thrombolysis with Streptokinase HIPOS  Hypertension in Pregnancy: Off- HITT  heparin-induced thrombocytopenia spring Study and thrombosis HiPPI  high-performance parallel interface HITTS  heparin-induced thrombosis-throm- HiPRF  high pulse-repetition frequency bocytopenia syndrome HIPS  health information processing system; HIU  hyperplasia interstitialis uteri Heparin Delivery with Infusasleeve Catheter HIV  human immunodeficiency virus Prior to Stent Implantation [study]; Heparin HIV Ag  human immunodeficiency virus Infusion Prior to Stenting [study] antigen HIR  head injury routine; health care informa- HIV/AIDS  human immunodeficiency virus/ tion repository; homogeneity isodose range acquired immunodeficiency syndrome HIRLI  homogeneity isodose range limited to HIVAN  human immunodeficiency virus– the inferior associated nephropathy HIRMIT  High-Risk Myocardial Ischemia HIV-D  human immunodeficiency virus de- Trial mentia HIRS  health care–specific incident reporting HIV-G  human immunodeficiency virus– scheme associated gingivitis HIS  health information system; Health In- HIVRAD  HIV Vaccine Research and Design terview Survey; Hemodilution in Stroke HIVRT  human immunodeficiency virus re- [study]; histatin; histidine; Hormones in verse transcriptase Stroke [study]; hospital information system; HIZ  high-intensity zone Hungarian Isradipine Study; hyperimmune HJ  Henderson-Jones [disease]; Highlands J serum [virus]; Howell-Jolly [bodies] His, his  histidine HJB  high jugular bulb HISA  health care information system archi- HJR  hepatojugular reflex tecture HJV  Highlands J virus HISAAP  Hunter Illawarra Study of Airways HK  hand to knee; heat killed; heel to knee; and Air Pollution hexokinase; human kidney HISB  Health Insurance Standards Board H-K  hand to knee HISCC  Healthcare Information Standards hK2  human glandular kallikrein 2 Coordinating Committee HKA  hip-knee-ankle HISKEW  Health Information Skeletonized HKAFO  hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis Eligibility Write-off HKAO  hip-knee-ankle orthosis HISP  Health Information System Pro- HKB  hybrid knowledge base gramme HKC  human kidney cell HIS-PACS  hospital information system pic- HKLM  heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes ture archiving and communication system HKS  hyperkinesis syndrome HISPP  Healthcare Informatics Standards HL  hairline; hairpin loop; hairy leukoplakia; Planning Panel half-life; hallux limitus; health level; hearing HISSG  Healthcare Information System level; hearing loss; heparin lock; hepatic li- Sharing Group; Hospital Information Sys- pase; histiocytic lymphoma; histocompatibil- tems Sharing Group ity locus; Hodgkin lymphoma; human HIST  hospital in-service training leukocyte; hydrolethalus [syndrome]; hyper- hist  histamine; history lipidemia; hypermetropia, latent; hypertri- HISTLINE  History of Medicine Online chosis lanuginosa Histo  histoplasmin skin test H&L  heart and lung histol  histologic, histologist, histology H/L  hydrophil/lipophil ratio HIT  health information technology; health Hl  hypermetropia, latent integration team; hemagglutination inhibi- hl, hL  hectoliter tion test; heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; HL7  health level 7 High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Inter- HLA  histocompatibility leukocyte antigen; vention Trial; Hirudin for the Improvement histocompatibility locus antigen; homologous  193 leukocyte antibody; horizontal long axis; HLVS  hypoplastic left ventricle syndrome human leukocyte antigen; human lympho- HM  hand movements; health maintenance; cyte antigen heart murmur; Heller myotomy; hemifacial HL-A  human leukocyte antigen microsomia; hemodynamic monitoring; he- HLAA  human leukocyte antigen A mosiderin-laden macrophages; Holter moni- HLAB  human leukocyte antigen B toring; home management; homosexual HLAC  human leukocyte antigen C male; hospital management; human milk; HLAD  human leukocyte antigen D hydatidiform mole; hyperbaric medicine; hy- HLA-DP  human leukocyte antigen, DP sub- perimmune mouse region Hm  manifest hypermetropia HLA-DQ  human leukocyte antigen, DQ hm  hectometer subregion HMA  health care management alternatives; HLA-DR  human leukocyte antigen, DR sub- heteroduplex mobility assay; human mono- region cyte antigen; hydroxymethionine analogue HLA-LD  human lymphocyte antigen– HMAB  human monocyte antigen B lymphocyte defined HMAC  Health Manpower Advisory HLA-SD  human lymphocyte antigen– Council serologically defined HMAS  hyperimmune mouse ascites HLB  hydrophilic-lipophilic balance; hypo- HMB  homatropine methobromide; human tonic lysis buffer milk bank; hydroxymethylbilane HLBI  human lymphoblastoid interferon HMBA  hexamethylene bisacetamide HLC  heat loss center 7-HMBA  7-hydroxymethyl-7-methyl-benz­ HLCL  human lymphoblastoid cell line [α]anthracene HLD  hepatolenticular degeneration; herni- HMBANA  Human Milk Banking Associa- ated lumbar disk; [von] Hippel-Lindau dis- tion of North America ease; hypersensitivity lung disease HMBS  hydroxymethylbilane synthetase HLDH  heat-stable lactic dehydrogenase HMC  hand-mirror cell; health maintenance HLDM  high-level data model cooperative; heroin, morphine, and cocaine; HLEG  hydrolysate lactalbumin Earle glucose hospital management committee; human  HLF  heat-labile factor; hepatic leukemia fac- mesothelial cell; hypertelorism, microtia, tor; high-level fluoroscopy clefting [syndrome] HLGT  high-level group term HMCA  hydroxymethyl-cyclophenyl ade- HLH  helix-loop-helix; hemophagocytic nine lymphohistiocytosis HMCCMP  human mammary carcinoma cell hLH  human luteinizing hormone membrane proteinase HLHS  hypoplastic left heart syndrome HMD  head-mounted display [computer HLI  human leukocyte interferon graphics]; hyaline membrane disease H-L-K  heart, liver, and kidneys HMDC  health maintenance and diagnostic HLL  hypoplastic left lung center HLLAPI  high-level language application HMDP  hydroxymethylenediphosphonate programming interface HME  Health Media Education; heat and HLM  heart-lung machine; hypermobile lat- moisture exchanger; heat, massage, and ex- eral meniscus ercise; hemimegalencephaly HLN  hilar lymph node; hyperplastic liver HMEC  human mammary epithelial cell nodules HMEF  heat and moisture exchanger filter HLP  hepatic lipoperoxidation; hind leg pa- HMF  hydroxymethylfurfural ralysis; holoprosencephaly; hyperkeratosis HMFG  human milk fat globulin lenticularis perstans; hyperlipoproteinemia HMG  high-mobility group; human meno- HLQ  high-level question pausal gonadotropin; 3-hydroxy-3-methyl- HLR  heart-lung resuscitation; heart/lung ratio; glutaryl high-level resistance hMG  human menopausal gonadotropin HLS  Health Learning System; high-level seg- HMG CoA  3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl co- mentation; [von] Hippel-Lindau syndrome enzyme A HLT  heart-lung transplantation; high L-leu- HMH  health level message handling cine transport; high-level term; human lipo- HMI  healed myocardial infarct; health and tropin; human lymphocyte transformation medical informatics; human-machine inter- HLTx  heart-lung transplant face; hypomelanosis of Ito HLV  hamster leukemia virus; herpeslike HMIC  Health Management Information virus; hypoplastic left ventricle Consortium  194 HMIG  hazardous materials identification 5-HMU  5-hydroxymethyl uridine guide HMVEC  human microvascular endothelial HMIS  hazardous materials identification sys- cell tem; hazardous materials information system; HMW  high molecular weight hospital management information system HMW-AGT  high-molecular-weight AGT HMK  high-molecular-weight kininogen forms HML  human milk lysosome HMW-BCGF  high-molecular-weight B-cell HMM  heavy meromyosin; hexamethyl- growth factor melamine; hidden Markov model HMWC  high-molecular-weight component HMMA  4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid HMWGP  high-molecular-weight glycopro- HMMER  hidden Markov marker and pro- tein files HMWK  high-molecular-weight kininogen HMMF  human monocyte-derived macro- HMX  heat, massage, and exercise phage HN  head and neck; head nurse; hem- HMN  hereditary motor neuropathy agglutinin neuraminidase; hematemesis H-MNPM  [Department of] Health Educa- neonatorum; hemorrhage of newborn; he- tion and Welfare Medicus Nursing Process reditary nephritis; high necrosis; hilar node; Methodology histamine-containing neuron; home nursing; HMO  health maintenance organization; human nutrition; hypertrophic neuropathy heart minute output H&N  head and neck HMOX  heme oxygenase HNA  health care network architecture; hep- HMP  hexose monophosphate pathway; hot arin neutralizing activity moist packs HNAD  hyperosmolar nonacidotic diabetes HMPA  hexamethylphosphoramide HNB  human neuroblastoma HMPAO, HM-PAO  hexamethyl-propyle- HNBD  has not been drinking neamine oxime HNC  Holistic Nurse, Certified; hyperne- HMPG  hydroxymethoxyphenylglycol phroma cell; hyperosmolar nonketotic coma; HMPS  hexose monophosphate shunt hypothalamoneurohypophyseal complex HMPT  hexamethylphosphorotriamide HNF  hepatocyte nuclear factor HMPV  human metapneumovirus HNF1A  hepatocyte nuclear factor-1-alpha HMQC  heteronuclear multiple-quantum HNKC  hyperosmolar nonketotic coma correlation HNKDS  hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic HMR  health maintenance recommenda- state tions; health maintenance record; health HNL  histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis management resources; histiocytic medullary HNMT  histamine N-methyltransferase reticulosis HNN  hierarchical neural network HMRI  Hospital Medical Records Institute HNP  hereditary nephritic protein; herniated H-mRNA  H-chain messenger ribonucleic nucleus pulposus; human neurophysin; acid human neutrophil protein HMRT  hazardous materials response team HNPCC  hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal HMRTE  human milk reverse transcriptase cancer; Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal enzyme Cancer [Database]; human nonpolyposis HMRU  hazardous materials response unit colorectal cancer HMS  hexose monophosphate shunt; House- HNPP  hereditary neuropathy with liability hold Multipurpose Survey; hypermobility to pressure palsies syndrome HNR  harmonic/noise ratio HMSA  health manpower shortage area; hy- hnRNA  heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleic droxymethane sulfonate acid HMSAS  hypertrophic muscular subaortic hnRNP, HNRP  heterogeneous nuclear ri- stenosis bonucleoprotein hMSH  human Mut S homologue HNRPG  heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleo- HMSN  hereditary motor and sensory neu- protein peptide G ropathy HNS  head and neck surgery; home nursing HMSS  Hospital Management Systems Soci- supervisor ety HNSCC  head and neck squamous cell carci- HMT  hematocrit; histamine-N-methyltrans- noma ferase; hospital management team HNSHA  hereditary nonspherocytic hemo- HMTA  hexamethylenetetramine lytic anemia HMU  hydroxymethyl-uracil HNTD  highest nontoxic dose  195 HNV  has not voided; health network venture orthogonal parameter estimation; Hospital HO  hand orthosis; heterotopic ossification; Outcomes Project for the Elderly; Hyperten- high oxygen; hip orthosis; history of; Holt- sive Old People in Edinburgh [study] Oram [syndrome]; house officer; hyperbaric HOPG  highly oriented pyrolytic graphite oxygen HOPI  history of present illness H/O, h/o  history of HOPP  hepatic occluded portal pressure Ho  horse; [Cook-Medley] hostility scale HOPWA  housing opportunities for people HOA  hip osteoarthritis; hypertrophic osteo- with AIDS arthropathy hor  horizontal HoaRhLG  horse anti-rhesus lymphocyte HORG  health care organization globulin HOS  health opinion survey; high-order HoaTTG  horse antitetanus toxoid globulin spectrum; Holt-Oram syndrome; human os- HOB  head of bed teosarcoma; hypo-osmotic swelling HOC  human ovarian cancer; hydroxycorti- HoS  horse serum coid; hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopa- HOSA  Health Occupations Students of thy America HOCA  high-osmolar contrast agent HOSE  Hierarchically Ordered Spherical HOCAP  Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardio- Description of Environment myopathy Ablation Pacing [study] Hosp, hosp  hospital HOCM  high-osmolar contrast medium; hy- HOST  health care open systems and trials; pertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy hybrid open-system technology; hypo-osmotic HOD  hyperbaric oxygen drenching shock treatment HOF  hepatic outflow HOT  health-oriented telecommunication; HofF  height of fundus Hormones Opposed by Tamoxifen [trial]; HoFH  homozygous familial hypercholester- human old tuberculin; hyperbaric oxygen ther- olemia apy; Hypertension Optimal Treatment [study] HOGA  hyperornithinemia with gyrate HOT MI  Hyperbaric Oxygen and Throm- atrophy bolysis in Myocardial Infarction [study] HOH  hard of hearing HOTS  hypercalcemia, osteolysis, T-cell syn- HOI  hospital onset of infection drome HoIg  horse immunoglobulin HOVERGEN  Homologous Vertebrate Genes HOKPP  hypokalemic periodic paralysis [database] HoLAP  holmium laser ablation of the prostate HOX, Hox  homeobox [protein] HOLON  health object library online HOWARD  Hand-Wrist Assisting Robotic HOM  high-osmolar medium Device HOMA  homeostasis model assessment Ho:YAG  holmium:yttrium-aluminum-gar- HOME  Home Observations for Measure- net [laser] ment of the Environment HP  halogen phosphorus; handicapped per- Homeop  homeopathy son; haptoglobin; hard palate; Harvard pump; HOMER-D  home rehabilitation-dialysis health profession(al); health profile; health HOMO  highest occupied molecular orbital promotion; heater probe; heat production; HOMSTRAD  Homologous Structure Align- heel to patella; Helicobacter pylori; hemipar- ment Database kinsonism; hemipelvectomy; hemiplegia; HON  Health on the Net hemoperfusion; Haemophilus pleuropneu- HONC  hyperosmolar nonketotic coma moniae; heparin; hepatic porphyria; high HONK  hyperosmolar nonketosis permeability; high potency; high power; high HoNOS  Health of the Nation Outcome pressure; high protein; highly purified; hori- Scale zontal plane; horsepower; hospital participa- HOOD  hereditary onycho-osteodysplasia tion; hot pack; house physician; human HOODS  hereditary onycho-osteodysplasia pituitary; hydrophilic petrolatum; hydrostatic syndrome pressure; hydroxypyruvate; hyperparathy- HOOE  heredopathia ophthalmo-otoence- roidism; hypersensitivity pneumonitis; hypo- phalica phoria HOOP  Health Online Outreach Project H&P  history and physical examination HOP  high oxygen pressure; holoprosen- Hp  haptoglobin; hematoporphyrin; hemi- cephaly-polydactyly [syndrome] plegia HOPE  Health Outcomes Prevention Evalu- HPA  Health Care Practice Act; Health Policy ation; Healthcare Options Plan Entitlement; Agenda for the American People; health pro- health-oriented physical education; holistic motion advocates; Helix pomatia agglutinin;  196 hemagglutinating penicillin antibody; Histo- hPFSH, HPFSH  human pituitary follicle- plasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen; stimulating hormone human platelet alloantigen; human platelet HPG  high-purity germanium; hypothalamic- antigen; humeroscapular periarthritis; hy- pituitary-gonadal [axis] bridization protection assay; hypertrophic hPG, HPG  human pituitary gonadotropin pulmonary arthropathy; hypophyseal-adrenal HpGe  hyperpure germanium axis; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal [axis]; HPGL  Hewlett Packard graphic language hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical [sys- HPH  Helix pomatia hemocyanin; hygromy- tem]; hypothalamopituitary axis cin B phosphotransferase HPAA  hydroperoxyarachidonic acid; hy- Hp-HB  haptoglobulin-hemoglobulin complex droxyphenylacetic acid; hypothalamo-pitu- HPI  hepatic perfusion index; high pathoge- itary-adrenal axis nicity island; history of present illness HPAC  high-performance affinity chromatog- HPIEC  high-performance ion-exchange raphy; hypothalamo-pituitary-adreno-cortical chromatography HPAE, HPAEC  high-performance anion ex- HPIV 1 to 4  human parainfluenza viruses change 1 to 4 HPAEC-PAD  high-performance anion ex- HPL  human parotid lysozyme; human periph- change chromatography with pulsed ampero- eral lymphocyte; human placental lactogen metric detection hPL  human placental lactogen; human plate- HPAFT  hereditary persistence of alfa- let lactogen fetoprotein HPLA  hydroxyphenyl lactic acid H-PAGE  horizontal polyacrylamide gel HPLAC  high-pressure liquid-affinity chro- HPAH  hydralazine pyruvic acid hydrazone matography HPAI  highly pathogenic avian influenza HPLC  high-performance liquid chromatog- HPASE  high-performance application for raphy; high-power liquid chromatography; science and engineering high-pressure liquid chromatography HPB  hepatobiliary HPLC-MS  high-performance liquid chro- HPBC  hyperpolarizing bipolar cell matography mass spectrometry HPBF  hepatotrophic portal blood factor HPLE  hereditary polymorphic light erup- HPBL  human peripheral blood leukocyte tion HPC  health professional card; hemangio- HPLH  hypoplastic left heart pericytoma; high-performance computing; HPM  high-performance membrane hippocampal pyramidal cell; history of pres- HPMC  human peripheral mononuclear cell; ent complaint; holoprosencephaly; hydroxy- hydroxypropylmethylcellulose propylcellulose hPMS  human postmeiotic segregation HPCA  human progenitor cell antigen HPN  Health Provider Network; hepsin; HPCC  high-performance computing and home parenteral nutrition; hypertension communications hpn  hypertension HPCE  high-performance capillary electro- HPNA  Hospice and Palliative Nurses As- phoresis sociation HPCHA  high–red cell phosphatidylcholine HPNAT  high-performance networking ap- hemolytic anemia plication team HPD  hearing protective device; hereditary HPNS  high-pressure neurologic syndrome progressive dystonia; high-protein diet; HPNSP  high-performance network service home peritoneal dialysis provider HPDR  hypophosphatemic D-resistant rick- HPO  high-pressure oxygen; hydroperoxide; ets hydrophilic ointment; hypertrophic pulmo- HPE  hepatic portoenterostomy; high- nary osteoarthropathy permeability edema; history and physical HPOA  hypertrophic pulmonary osteoar- examination; holoprosencephaly; hydrostatic thropathy permeability edema HPP  hereditary pyropoikilocytosis; history HPETE  hydroxyperoxy-eicosatetranoic [acid] of presenting problems HPeV  human parechovirus HPP, hPP  human pancreatic polypeptide; HPF  heparin-precipitable fraction; hepatic hydroxyphenylpyruvate; hydroxypyrozolo- plasma flow; high-pass filter; high-power pyrimidine field; hypocaloric protein feeding HPPA  hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid hpf  high-power field; hours postfertilization HPPC  health plan purchasing cooperative HPFH  hereditary persistence of fetal hemo- HPP-CFC  high proliferative potential globin colony-forming cell  197 HPPD  hours per patient day; hydroxyphe- [3H] QNB  (−)-[3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate nylpyruvate dioxygenase HQSAR  hologram quantitative structure- hppd  hours per patient-day activity relationship HPPH  5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-hydan- HR  hairpin ribozyme; hallux rigidus; hand- toin writing recognition; hazard ratio; heart rate; HPPK  6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin hematopoietic reconstitution; hematopoietic pyrophosphokinase resistance; hemorrhagic retinopathy; hepa- HPPO  high partial pressure of oxygen; hy- torenal; higher rate; high resolution; high droxyphenyl pyruvate oxidase risk; histamine receptor; histamine release; HPQ  Health Perceptions Questionnaire hormonal response; hospital record; hospital HPR  haptoglobin-related gene; health prac- report; hospitalization rate; human resources; tices research hydroxyethylrutoside; hyperimmune reac- HPr  human prolactin tion; hypersensitive response; hypertensive hPRL  human prolactin rat; hypophosphatemic rickets; hypoxic re- HPRP  human platelet-rich plasma action HPRT  hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltrans- H&R  hysterectomy and radiation ferase hr  hairless [mouse]; homologous repeat; HpRz  hairpin ribozyme host-range [mutant]; hour HPS  Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; HRA  health record analyst; health risk ap- Health Protection Scotland; [Simvastatin] praisal; heart rate audiometry; heart-reactive Heart Protection Study; Helsinki Policemen antibody; hereditary renal adysplasia; high Study; hematoxylin, phloxin, and saffron; right atrium; histamine release activity; Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome; high pain  Human Resources Administration sensitivity; high-protein supplement; His- H2RA  histamine2-receptor antagonist; H2- Purkinje system; Hopkins Precursors Study; receptor antagonist human platelet suspension; hypertrophic py- HRAE  high right atrium electrogram loric stenosis; hypothalamic pubertal syn- HRBC  horse red blood cell drome HRC  health reference center; hereditary HPSA  health professional shortage area renal cancer; high-resolution chromatogra- HPSL  health professions student loan phy; horse red cell; human rights commit- HPSS  high-performance storage system tee HPT  histamine provocation test; human h/rCRF  human recombinant corticotropin- placental thyrotropin; hyperparathyroidism; releasing factor Hypertension Prevention Trial; hypothalamo- HRCT, HR-CT  high-resolution computed pituitary-thyroid [system] tomography 1°HPT  primary hyperparathyroidism HRE  hepatic reticuloendothelial [cell]; high- 2°HPT  secondary hyperparathyroidism resolution electrocardiography; hormone re- HPTH  hyperparathyroid hormone ceptor enzyme; hormone response element HPTIN  human pancreatic trypsin inhibitor HR-EEG  high-resolution electroencephalog- HPTLC  high-performance thin-layer chro- raphy matography HREH  high-renin essential hypertension HPTN  HIV Prevention Trials Network HREM  high-resolution electron microscopy HPU  heater probe unit HRF  health-related facility; heart rate fluc- HPV  Hemophilus pertussis vaccine; hepatic tuations; histamine-releasing factor; homol- portal vein; human papillomavirus; human ogous restriction factor; human readable parvovirus; hypoxic pulmonary vasocon- format striction HRG, HRGP  histidine-rich glycoprotein HPVD  hypertensive pulmonary vascular HRH2  histamine receptor H2 disease HR-HPV  high-risk human papillomavirus HPV-DE  high-passage virus-duck embryo HrHRF  human recombinant histamine- HPV-DK  high-passage virus-dog kidney releasing factor HPVG  hepatic portal venous gas HRI  high-resolution imaging HPVM  high-performance virtual machine HRIG, HRIg  human rabies immunoglobu- HPW  hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of lin Waldenström HRL  head rotation to the left HP/W  health promotion/wellness HRLA  human reovirus–like agent HPX  high peroxidase; hypophysectomized HRM  health risk management; Heidelberg Hpx  hemopexin Retracing Model HPZ  high pressure zone HRmax  maximal heart rate  198 HRMS  health records management system; stay; hours of sleep; house surgeon; human high-resolution multisweep [imaging] serum; Hurler syndrome; hybrid sign; hyper- hRNA  heterogeneous ribonucleic acid coagulable state; hypereosinophilic syndrome; HRNB  Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychologi- hypersensitive site; hypersensitivity; hyper- cal Battery tonic saline; hypothalamic syndrome hROAT  human renal organic anion trans- H/S  helper/suppressor ratio; hysterosalpin- porter gography HRP  harm-reduction program; high-risk pa- H&S  hemorrhage and shock; hysterectomy tient; high-risk pregnancy; histidine-rich pro- and sterilization tein; horseradish peroxidase hs  history; hospitalization HRPC  hormone-refractory prostate cancer; h.s.  at bedtime [Lat. hora somni] hormone-resistant prostatic cancer HSA  Hazardous Substances Act; health sav- HRPD  Hamburg Rating Scale for Psychiat- ings account; Health Services Administra- ric Disorders tion; Health Services Australia; health hr-PET  high-resolution positron emission systems agency; hereditary sideroblastic ane- tomography mia; horse serum albumin; human serum al- HRPT  hyperparathyroidism bumin; hypersomnia–sleep apnea HRQL, HRQOL  health-related quality of HSAG  N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-2-eth- life anesulfonate-saline-albumin-gelatin HRR  Hardy-Rand-Rittler [color vision test]; HSAM  highly selective affinity modifica- head rotation to the right; heart rate range tion HRRI  heart rate retardation index HSAN  hereditary sensory and autonomic HRS  Hamilton Rating Scale; Hamman-Rich neuropathy syndrome; Haw River syndrome; health and HSAP  heat-stable alkaline phosphatase rehabilitative services; Health and Retire- HSAS  hydrocephalus due to stenosis of aq- ment Study; Heart Rhythm Society; hepa- ueduct of Sylvius; hypertrophic subaortic torenal syndrome; high rate of stimulation; stenosis hormone receptor site; humeroradial synos- HSC  Hand-Schüller-Christian [syndrome]; tosis Health and Safety Commission; health sci- HRSA  Health Resources and Services Ad- ences center; health screening center; hema- ministration topoietic stem cell; hepatic stellate cell; HRSD  Hamilton Rating Scale for Depres- human skin collagenase sion; Hirschsprung disease HSCD  Hand-Schüller-Christian disease HRSP  high-resolution storage phosphor HSCL  Hopkins Symptom Check List HRSUB  submaximal heart rate HS-CoA  reduced coenzyme A HRT  heart rate; Heidelberg retinal tomogra- HSCR  Hirschsprung disease phy; hormone replacement therapy; Hor- hs-CRP, hsCRP  high-sensitivity C-reactive mone Replacement Trial protein HRTE  human reverse transcriptase enzyme HSCS  health state classification system; HRTEM  high-resolution transmission elec- Hypertension-Stroke Cooperative Study tron microscopy HSCSG  Hypertension-Stroke Cooperative HRUS  high-resolution ultrasound Study Group [trial] HRV  heart rate variability; human reovirus; HSCT  hematopoietic stem cell transplanta- human rhinovirus; human rotavirus tion HRV-A, -B  human rhinoviruses A and B HSD  Hallervorden-Spatz disease; highly HS  Haber syndrome; habitual snoring; half sulfated domain; high-speed data; honestly scan; half strength; Hallopeau-Siemens [syn- significant difference; hydroxysteroid dehy- drome]; hamstring; hand surgery; harmonic drogenase; hypertonic saline and dextran scalpel; Hartmann solution; head sling; health H(SD)  Holtzman Sprague-Dawley [rat] services; health statistics; healthy subject; HSDB  Hazardous Substances Data Bank heart sounds; heat stable; heavy smoker; heel HSDD  hypoactive sexual desire disorder slide; Hegglin syndrome; heme synthetase; HSDO  health services delivery organization hemorrhagic septicemia; hemorrhagic shock; HSE  health, safety, and environment; heat Henoch-Schönlein [purpura]; heparan sulfate; stress element; hemorrhagic shock and en- hereditary spherocytosis; herpes simplex; hi- cephalopathy; herpes simplex encephalitis; dradenitis suppurativa; hippocampal system; high salt extract; human serum esterase home surgeon; homologous serum; horizon- hSEAP  human secreted alkaline phosphatase tally selective; Horner syndrome; horse HSEES  Hazardous Substances Emergency serum; hospital ship; hospital staff; hospital Events Surveillance [system]  199 HSEP  heart synchronized evoked potential HSRC  Health Services Research Center; HSES  hemorrhagic shock–encephalopathy Human Subjects Review Committee syndrome HSRCCT  high spatial resolution cine com- HSF  heat shock factor; hepatocyte stimula- puted tomography tory factor; histamine sensitizing factor; hy- HSRD  hypertension secondary to renal dis- pothalamic secretory factor ease HSG  Health Service Guideline; herpes sim- HSR&D  health services research and devel- plex genitalis; human salivary gland; hys- opment terosalpingogram, hysterosalpingography HS-RDEB  recessively inherited dystrophic hSGF  human skeletal growth factor epidermolysis bullosa of Hallopeau and Sie- HSGP  human sialoglycoprotein mens HSH  Health Smart Home [database]; hypo- HSRI  Health Systems Research Institute magnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia HSRPROJ  Health Services Research Proj- HSHC  hydrocortisone hemisuccinate ect in Progress HSI  health service indicator; health supervi- HSRS  Health-Sickness Rating Scale sion index; heat stress index; hue saturation HSRV  human spuma retrovirus intensity; human seminal plasma inhibitor HSS  Hallermann-Streiff syndrome; Haller- HSIL  high-grade squamous intraepithelial vorden-Spatz syndrome; health services lesion support; Henoch-Schönlein syndrome; HSIL/CA  high-grade squamous intraepithe- high-speed supernatant; hyperstimulation lial lesion/cancer syndrome; hypertonic saline solution; hyper- HSIS  Health Services Information System trophic subaortic stenosis HSK  herpes simplex keratitis HSSCC  hereditary site-specific colon cancer HSL  hormone-sensitive lipase HSSD  hospital sterile supply department HSLC  high-speed liquid chromatography HSSU  hospital sterile supply unit HSM  health system model; heparin surface HST  health sciences and technology modified; hepatosplenomegaly; hierarchical HSTAR  health services and technology as- storage management; holosystolic murmur sessment research HSMHA  Health Services and Mental Health HSTAT  Health Science/Technology Assess- Administration ment Text HSN  hereditary sensory neuropathy; hospi- HSTF  heat shock transcription factor; heat tal satellite network stress transferring factor; human serum thy- HSNU  atrophic humeral shaft nonunion mus factor HSO  health service organization HSTM  health state transition matrix hSOD  human superoxide dismutase HSUS  Health Services Utilization Study HSP  health care security policy; Health Sys- HSV  herpes simplex virus; high selective tems Plan; heat shock protein; Hemorrhagic vagotomy; hyperviscosity syndrome Stroke Project; hemostatic screening profile; HSV-1  herpes simplex virus type 1 Henoch-Schönlein purpura; hereditary spas- HSV-2  herpes simplex virus type 2 tic paraparesis; high-scoring segment pair; HSVE  herpes simplex virus encephalitis Hospital Service Plan; human serum prealbu- HSVT  high-speed valve tester min; human serum protein HSVTK, HSVtk  herpes simplex virus thy- hsp  heat shock protein midine kinase HS PACS  high-speed picture archive and HSyn  heme synthase communication system HT  Hashimoto thyroiditis; head trauma; HSPG, HS-PG  heparan sulfate-proteoglycan hearing test; hearing threshold; heart; heart HSPM  hippocampal synaptic plasma mem- transplant, heart transplantation; hemag- brane glutination titer; hereditary tyrosinemia; HSPN  Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis hierarchical term; high-frequency transduc- HSPp  heat shock protein promoter tion; high temperature; high tension; high HSQ  health status questionnaire; home threshold; histologic technician; home treat- screening questionnaire ment; hospital treatment; Hough transform; HSQB  Health Standards and Quality Bu- Hubbard tank; human thrombin; hydrocor- reau tisone test; hydrotherapy; hydroxytrypta- HSQC  heteronuclear single-quantum corre- mine; hypermetropia, total; hypertension, lation hypertensive; hypertext; hyperthyroidism; HSR  Harleco synthetic resin; health services hypertransfusion; hypodermic tablet; hypo- research; heated serum reagin; homogeneous- thalamus; hypothyroidism ly staining region; hypersensitivity reaction H&T  hospitalization and treatment  200 3 HT  tritiated thymidine HTLV-MA  cell membrane antigen associat- 5-HT  5-hydroxytryptamine ed with human T-lymphotropic virus Ht  height of heart; heterozygote; hyperopia, HTLVR  human T-lymphotropic virus receptor total; hypothalamus HTMT  hybrid technology multi threaded Ht  dose equivalent to individual tissues technology hT  human telomerase HTN  Hantaan [-like virus]; histatin; hyper- ht  heart; heart tones; height; high tension tension; hypertensive nephropathy HTA  health technology assessment; het- HTO  high tibial osteotomy; high turnover erophil transplantation antigen; human osteoporosis; hospital transfer order thymocyte antigen; hydroxytryptamine; hy- HTOF  healthy tissue overdose factor pophysiotropic area HTOR  5-hydroxytryptamine oxygenase HTACS  human thyroid adenyl-cyclase stim- regulator ulator HTP  House-Tree-Person [test]; hydroxy- ht aer  heated aerosol tryptophan; hypothromboplastinemia HT(ASCP)  Histologic Technician certified 5-HTP  5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan by the American Society of Clinical Patholo- HtPA  hexahydrophthalic anhydride gists HTPN  home total parenteral nutrition HTB  house tube feeding; human tumor HTR  hemolytic transfusion reaction; histi- bank dine transport regulator; 5-hydroxytryptamine HTC  hepatoma cell; hepatoma tissue culture; receptor home telecare; homozygous typing cell hTR  human telomerase RNA; human thy- Htc  hematocrit roid receptor HTCMS  home telecare management system HTRAK  health maintenance tracking system HTCVD  hypertensive cardiovascular disease hTRb  human thyroid receptor beta HTD  human therapeutic dose HTRCCT  high temporal resolution cine com- HTDW  heterosexual development of puted tomography women HTS  Hamilton Twin Study; head trauma hTERT  human telomerase reverse transcrip- syndrome; HeLa tumor suppression; high- tase throughput screening; high-titer screening; HTF  heterothyrotropic factor; house tube Home Telecare System; human thyroid- feeding; HpaII tiny fragment; human tubal stimulating hormone, human thyroid stimula- fluid tor; hypertonic saline HTG  hypertriglyceridemia hTS  human thymidylate synthase HTGL  hepatic triglyceride lipase HTSAB  human thyroid-stimulating anti- HTGS  high-throughput genomic sequence body HTH  helix-turn-helix; high-test hypochlo- HTSC  home telecare service center rite; homeostatic thymus hormone; hypo- hTSC  human thiazide-sensitive sodium- thalamus chloride cotransporter Hth  hypothermic HTSH, hTSH  human thyroid-stimulating HTHD  hard thoracic herniated disk; hyper- hormone tensive heart disease HTST  high temperature, short time HTIG  human tetanus immune globulin HTT  5-hydroxytryptamine transformer HTK  heel to knee HTTP  hypertext transfer protocol HTL  hamster tumor line; hearing threshold HTTPD  hypertext transfer protocol daemon level; histotechnologist; human T-cell leuke- HTTPS  secure hypertext transfer protocol; mia; human thymic leukemia support hypertext transfer protocol HTLA  high titer, low avidity; human HTV  herpes-type virus T-lymphocyte antigen HTVD  hypertensive vascular disease HTL(ASCP)  Histotechnologist certified by HTX  heterotaxy, X-linked; histrionicotoxin the American Society of Clinical Patholo- HTx  heart transplantation gists HU  heat unit; hemagglutinating unit; hemo- HTLF  human T-cell leukemia virus enhancer lytic unit; Hounsfield unit; human urine, factor human urinary; hydroxyurea; hyperemia unit HTLV  human T-lymphotropic virus Hu  human HTLV 1, 2  human T-lymphotropic viruses HUAA  home uterine activity assessment 1 and 2 HUB  HELIOS unification bus HTLV-III  human T-cell lymphotrophic virus HUBNET  Hospital and University of Buf- type III falo Library Resource Network  201 HUC  human uroepithelial cell; hypourice- HVE  hepatic venous effluence; high-voltage mia electrophoresis HUCBC  human umbilical cord blood cells HVEM  herpesvirus entry mediator HuCS  human-centered system HVG  host versus graft [disease] HuEPO  human erythropoietin HVGS  high-voltage galvanic stimulation HU-FSH  human urinary follicle-stimulating HVJ  hemagglutinating virus of Japan hormone HVL  half-value layer; high viral load HUGO  Human Genome Organization hvl  half-value layer HUGV  Hughes virus HVLP  high volume, low pressure HUI  headache unit index; Health Utilities HVM  high-velocity missile Index HVOO  hepatic venous outflow obstruction HUIFM  human leukocyte interferon milieu HVPC  high-voltage pulsed current HuIFN  human interferon HVPE  high-voltage paper electrophoresis HUK  human urinary kallikrein HVPG  hepatic venous pressure gradient HUM  Hilbert uniqueness method HVPGS  high-voltage pulsed galvanic stim- Hum  humerus ulation HUMAN  hyper utilities mechatronic assis- HVR  hepatic vascular resistance; hypervari- tant able region; hypoxic ventilation response HUMANE  human-oriented universal medi- HVS  herpesvirus of Saimiri; herpesvirus cal assessment system under network envi- sensitivity; high vaginal swab; high-voltage ronment spike and wave [discharge]; high-voltage HUP  Hospital Utilization Project stimulation; high-volume screening; hyper- HUR  hydroxyurea ventilation syndrome; hyperviscosity syn- HURA  health in underserved rural areas drome HURT  hospital utilization review team HVSD  hydrogen-detected ventricular septal HUS  heel ultrasonography; hemolytic ure- defect mic syndrome; hyaluronidase unit for semen HVT  half-value thickness; herpesvirus of HuSA  human serum albumin turkeys HuSMC  human smooth muscle cell HVTEM  high-voltage transmission electron HUT  head-up tilt microscopy hut  histidine utilization HVTN  HIV Vaccine Trials Network HUTHAS  human thymus antiserum HVUS  hypocomplementemic vasculitis ur- HuTV  human torovirus ticaria syndrome HUV  human umbilical vein HVWP  hepatic vein wedge pressure HUVEC  human umbilical vein endothelial HW  half-width; healing well; heart weight; cell hypertriglyceridemic waist HUVS  hypocomplementemic urticarial vas- HWB  hot water bottle culitis syndrome HWBW  heart weight/body weight [ratio] HV  hallux valgus; Hantaan virus; has void- HWC  Health and Welfare, Canada ed; heart volume; hepatic vein; hepatitis  HWCD  Hans-Weber-Christian disease viruses; herpesvirus; high voltage; high vol- HWD  heartworm disease ume; histologically verified; His ventricle; HWE  Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; healthy hospital visit; hyperventilation; hypervol- worker effect; hot water extract emia; hypovirus HWP  hepatic wedge pressure; hot wet pack H&V  hemigastrectomy and vagotomy HWS  hot water soluble Hv  heat of evaporation HX  histiocytosis X; hydrogen exchange; hy- hv  hypervariable region pophysectomized; hypoxanthine HVA  hallux valgus angle; hazard vulnera- Hx  hallux; hemopexin; history; hypoxan- bility analysis; homovanillic acid thine HVAC  heating, ventilating, and air condi- hx  hospitalization tioning HXB  hexabrachion HVC  Health Visitor’s Certificate HXIS  hard x-ray imaging spectrometry HVCT  helical volume scan computed to- HXM  hexamethylmelamine mography HXR  hypoxanthine riboside HVD  Hantavirus disease; hypertensive vas- Hy  hypermetropia; hyperopia; hypophysis; cular disease hypothenar; hysteria HVDRR  hypocalcemic vitamin D–resistant HYC  hycanthone methylsulfonate rickets Hy-C  Hydralazine vs. Captopril [trial]  202 HYCAT  Hytrin Community Assessment Trial hypno  hypnosis HYCONES  Hybrid Connectionist Expert Hypo  hypodermic, hypodermic injection System hypox  hypophysectomized HYCX  hydrocephalus due to congenital ste- HYPP  hyperkalemic periodic paralysis nosis of aqueduct of Sylvius HYPPOS  Hypertensive Population Survey HYD  hydralazine; hydrated, hydration; hy- HYPREN  Hypertension Under Prazosin and drocortisone; hydrodensitometry; hydroxy- Enalapril [study] urea HypRF  hypothalamic releasing factor hydr  hydraulic HYPRO, HyPro  hydroxyproline hydro  hydrotherapy hys, hyst  hysterectomy; hysteria, hysteri- HYE  healthy years equivalent cal hyg  hygiene, hygienic, hygienist HYSTENOX  Enoxaparin Following Hys- HYL, Hyl  hydroxylysine terectomy [study] HYNON  Hypertension Non-Drug Treat- HyTk  hybromycin-thymidine kinase ment [cooperative study] HYVET  Hypertension in the Very Elderly HYP  hydroxyproline; hypnosis Trial Hyp  hydroxyproline; hyperresonance; hy- HZ  herpes zoster pertrophy; hypothalamus Hz  hertz hyp  hypophysectomy, hypophysis HZFesV  Hardy-Zuckerman feline sarcoma HyperGEN  Hypertension Genetic Epide- virus miology Network Hz/G  hertz/gauss hyper-IgE  hyperimmunoglobulinemia E HZO  herpes zoster ophthalmicus hypn  hypertension HZV  herpes zoster virus  203 IABP  intraaortic balloon pump I IABS  International Association for Biologi- cal Standards IAC  image analysis cytometry; immuno- affinity chromatography; ineffective airway clearance; internal auditory canal; interposed I  carcinoma of the vaginal wall; electric cur- abdominal compression; intraarterial cathe- rent; endometrial carcinoma in situ confined ter; intraarterial chemotherapy to the corpus uteri; immediate; implantation; IAC CPR  interposed abdominal compres- impression; inactive; incisor [permanent]; in- sion cardiopulmonary resuscitation crease; independent; index; indicated; indi- IACD  implantable automatic cardioverter- rect; induction; inertia; inhalation; inhibited defibrillator; intraarterial conduction defect [pacemaker]; inhibition, inhibitor; inosine; IACI  idiopathic arterial calcification of in- insoluble; inspiration, inspired; insulin; in- fancy take; intensity; intermediate; intermittent; IACOV  Iaco virus internal; internal medicine; intervention; in- IACP  intraaortic counterpulsation testine; involvement of a single lymph node; IACS  International Academy of Cosmetic iodine; ionic current; ionic strength; iris; Surgery ischemia; isochromosome; isoleucine; iso- IACUC  institutional animal care and utiliza- tope; isotropic; nuclear spin quantum number tion committee I2  intervention implementation IACV  International Association of Cancer I-131  iodine-131 Victors and Friends i  electric current; incisor [deciduous]; in- IAD  inactivating dose; instructional advance soluble; isochromosome; optically inactive directive; internal absorbed dose; internal age ι  lowercase Greek letter iota distribution; intraset distance IA  ibotenic acid; image analysis; imme- IADH  inappropriate antidiuretic hormone diately available; immune adherence; im- IADHS  inappropriate antidiuretic hormone munoadsorbent; immunobiologic activity; syndrome impedance angle; indolaminergic accumu- IADL  instrumental or intermediate activities lation; indole acetic acid; indolic acid; in- of daily living dulin agar; infantile autism; infected area; IADR  International Association for Dental inferior angle; information assurance; in- Research hibitory antigen; inpatient admission; intel- IAds  immunoadsorption ligent agent; internal auditory; intraalveolar; IADSA, IA-DSA  intraarterial digital sub- intraamniotic; intraaortic; intraarterial; traction angiography intraarticular; intraatrial; intraauricular; in- IAEA  International Atomic Energy Agency tracellular anchor; intrinsic activity; invasive IAET  International Association for Entero­ aspergillosis; irradiation area; isopropyl al- stomal Therapy cohol IAF  idiopathic alveolar fibrosis; 5-iodoacet- I&A  identification and authentication; irri- amidofluorescein gation and aspiration IAFC  International Association of Fire Chiefs Ia  endometrial carcinoma in situ, length of IAFF  International Association of Fire uterine cavity less than 8 cm; immune re- Fighters sponse gene-associated antigen IAFI  infantile amaurotic familial idiocy IAA  imidazoleacetic acid; indoleacetic acid; IAFN  International Association of Forensic infectious agent, arthritis; insulin autoanti- Nurses body; International Antituberculosis Associ- IAG  International Association of Gerontol- ation; interruption of the aortic arch; ogy and Geriatrics; International Academy of iodoacetic acid Gnathology IAAA  inflammatory abdominal aortic aneu- IAGP  International Association of Geo- rysm graphic Pathology IAAR  imidazoleacetic acid ribonucleotide IAGUS  International Association of Genito- IAB  Industrial Accident Board; initial inten- Urinary Surgeons tional bias; intraabdominal; intraaortic bal- IAH  idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia; im- loon plantable artificial heart; intraabdominal hy- IABA  intraaortic balloon assistance pertension IABC, IABCP  intraaortic balloon counter- IAHA  idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic pulsation anemia; immune adherence hemagglutina- IABM  idiopathic aplastic bone marrow tion  204 IAH/ACS  intraabdominal hypertension/ IAPP  International Association for Preven- abdominal compartment syndrome tive Pediatrics; islet amyloid polypeptide IAHC  International Association for Human IAPSRS  International Association of Psy- Caring chosocial Rehabilitation Services IAHD  idiopathic acquired hemolytic disor- IAPV  intermittent abdominal pressure ven- der tilation IAHS  infection-associated hemophagocytic IAQ  indoor air quality syndrome IAR  immediate asthma reaction; inhibitory IAHSS  International Association for Health- anal reflex; iodine-azide reaction care Security & Safety IARC  International Agency for Research on IAI  integral access interface; intraabdominal Cancer infection; intraabdominal injury IARF  ischemic acute renal failure IAIHG  International Autoimmune Hepatitis IARG  International Anticoagulant Review Group Group [study] IAIMS  Integrated Academic Information IARS  image archival and retrieval system Management System; Integrated Advanced IARSA  idiopathic acquired refractory sid- Information Management System eroblastic anemia IAIS  insulin autoimmune syndrome IART  intraoperative avidination radionu- IAM  immune adhesion molecule; Institute clide therapy of Aviation Medicine; internal auditory me- IAS  immunosuppressive acidic substance; atus infant apnea syndrome; insulin autoimmune i am  intraamniotic syndrome; interatrial septum; interatrial IAMA  Infection in Atherosclerosis and Use shunting; internal anal sphincter; Interna- of Macrolide Antibiotics [study] tional Acquired Immune Deficiency Syn- IAMM  International Association of Medical drome Society; International AIDS Society; Museums intraamniotic saline IAMS  International Association of Micro- IASA  interatrial septal aneurysm biological Societies IASD  iatrogenic atrial septal defect; inter- IAN  idiopathic aseptic necrosis; indole ace- atrial septal defect; interauricular septal de- tonitrile fect iANP  immunoreactive atrial natriuretic pep- IASH  isolated asymmetric septal hypertro- tide phy IANPHI  International Association of Na- IASHS  Institute for Advanced Study of tional Public Health Institutes Human Sexuality IAO  immediately after onset; intermittent IASL  International Association for the Study aortic occlusion; International Association of the Liver for Orthodontics; International Association IASLC  International Association for the of Orthodontists Study of Lung Cancer IA OCA  oculocutaneous albinism type IA IASP  International Association for the IAOM  International Association of Orofa- Study of Pain cial Myology IASSH  Italian Acute Stroke Study with He- IAP  idiopathic acute pancreatitis; immu- modilution nosuppressive acidic protein; incident ac- IAT  instillation abortion time; intrinsic ac- tion plan; inosinic acid pyrophosphorylase; curacy test; invasive activity test; iodine Institute of Animal Physiology; integrin- azide test associated protein; intermittent acute por- IATI, IaTI  inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor phyria; International Academy of Pathology; IATIL  inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, light International Academy of Proctology; In- chain ternational Atherosclerosis Project; intra- IAV  intermittent assisted ventilation; intra- abdominal pressure; intraarterial pressure; arterial vasopressin intracellular action potential; intracisternal IAVB  incomplete atrioventricular block A-type particle; islet-activating protein IAVI  International AIDS Vaccine Initiative IAPAC  International Association of Physi- IAVM  intramedullary arteriovenous malfor- cians in AIDS Care mation IAPB  International Agency for the Preven- IB  idiopathic blepharospasm; immune body; tion of Blindness inclusion body; index of body build; infec- IAPG  interatrial pressure gradient tious bronchitis; instantaneous boundary; IAPM  International Academy for Preven- Institute of Biology; interface bus; ipratro- tive Medicine pium bromide  205 Ib  endometrial carcinoma in situ, length of IBP  insulin-like growth factor binding pro- uterine cavity more than 8 cm tumor tein; International Biological Program; intra- Ib  background sodium current aortic balloon pumping; iron-binding protein ib  in the same place [Lat. ibidem] IBPMS  indirect blood pressure measuring IBAT  intravascular bronchoalveolar tumor system IBAV  Ibaraki virus IBQ  Illness Behavior Questionnaire IBB  intestinal brush border IBR  infectious bovine rhinotracheitis IBBB  intra–blood-brain barrier IBRO  International Brain Research Organi- IBBBB  incomplete bilateral bundle branch zation block IBRV  infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus IBC  inflammatory breast cancer; inflam­ IBS  identical by state; imidazole buffered matory breast carcinoma; Institutional Bio- saline; immunoblastic sarcoma; integrated safety Committee; iodine-binding capacity; backscatter; Iowa Breakfast Study; irritable iron-binding capacity; isobutyl cyanoacry- bowel syndrome; isobaric solution late IBSA  iodinated bovine serum albumin IBCA  isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate IBS-C  irritable bowel syndrome with consti- IBCLC  International Board-Certified Lacta- pation tion Consultant IBS-D  irritable bowel syndrome with diar- IBC-R  Injury Behavior Checklist-Revised rhea IBD  identical by descent; inflammatory IBSN  infantile bilateral striated necrosis bowel disease; integrated balloon display; ir- IBSP  integrin-binding sialoprotein ritable bowel disease IBSS  International Bibliography of the So- IBDlist  Inflammatory Bowel Disease List cial Sciences IBDQ  Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ques- IBT  immunobead binding test; ink blot test tionnaire IBTR  ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence IBDU  unclassified inflammatory bowel dis- IbTX  iberiotoxin ease IBU  ibuprofen; international benzoate unit IBDV  infectious bursal disease virus i-Bu  isobutyl IBE  immunoreactive beta-endomorphin; In- IBV  infectious bronchitis vaccine; infectious ternational Bureau for Epilepsy bronchitis virus; Ivorian bacilliform virus IBED  Inter-African Bureau for Epizootic IBW  ideal body weight Diseases IBX  Independence Blue Cross IBEN  individual behavior IC  icteric, icterus; immune complex; immu- IBF  immature brown fat; immunoglobulin- nocompetent; immunoconjugate; immunocy- binding factor; Insall-Burstein-Freeman [in- tochemistry; immunocytotoxicity; impedance strumentation]; intestinal blood flow cardiogram; imprinting center; indirect calo- IBG  insoluble bone gelatin rimetry; individual counseling; infection IBI  interbeat interval; intermittent bladder control; inferior colliculus; information and irrigation; ischemic brain infarction communication; informed consent; inner ibid  in the same place [Lat. ibidem] canthal; inorganic carbon; inspiratory capac- IBIDS  ichthyosis, brittle hair, impaired in- ity; inspiratory center; institutional care; in- telligence, decreased fertility, short stature tegrated circuit; integrated concentration; [syndrome]; International Bibliographic In- intensive care; intercostal; intermediate care; formation on Dietary Supplements intermittent catheterization; intermittent IBIS  Invasive Bacterial Infection Surveil- claudication; internal capsule; internal ca- lance [study] rotid; internal conjugate; interstitial cell; in- IBK  infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis terstitial cystitis; intracapsular; intracardiac; IBM  inclusion body myositis; intact bridge intracarotid; intracavitary; intracellular; in- mastoidectomy tracerebral; intracisternal; intracranial; intra- IBMIR  instant blood-mediated inflammato- cutaneous; intraoperative cholangiography; ry reaction invasive candidiasis; irritable colon; isch- IBMP  International Board of Medicine and emic colitis; islet cells; isovolumic contrac- Psychology tion IBMTR  International Bone Marrow Trans- IC 1/2/3  intermediate care 1/2/3 plantation Registry IC50  inhibitory concentration of 50% IBMX  3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine ICA  immunocytochemical analysis; inde- IBNR  incurred but not reported pendent component analysis; internal carotid IBO  information-bearing object artery; intracranial aneurysm; islet cell anti- IB OCA  oculocutaneous albinism type IB body  206 ICAA  International Council on Alcohol and ICD  I-cell disease; immune complex dis- Addictions; Invalid Children’s Aid Associa- ease; impedance cardiogram; implantable tion cardioverter-defibrillator; impulse-control ICAAC  Interscience Conference on Antimi- disorder; induced circular dichroism; initial crobial Agents and Chemotherapy cardioverter-defibrillator; initial claudication ICAb  islet cell antibody distance; Institute for Crippled and Disabled; IC-AFM  intermittent-contact mode atomic intercanthal distance; International Center force microscopy for the Disabled; International Classification ICAI  intelligent computer-aided instruction of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death; ICAM  improved chemical agent monitor; International Common Denomination; Inter- induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule; national Statistical Classification of Diseases integrated computer-aided manufacturing and Health-Related Problems; intracardiac ICAM-1, -2, -3  intracellular adhesion mol- defibrillator; intracervical device; intrauter- ecules 1, 2, 3 ine contraceptive device; ischemic coronary ICAMI  International Committee Against disease; isocitrate dehydrogenase; isolated Mental Illness conduction defect ICAO  internal carotid artery occlusion ICD-10  International Statistical Classifica- ICARIS  Intervention Cardiology Risk Strat- tion of Diseases and Health-Related Prob- ification [study] lems, 10th Revision ICARUS  Islet Cell Antibody Register User ICDA  International Classification of Dis- Study eases, Adapted ICASO  International Committee of Ac- ICD/BPA  International Classification of quired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Service Diseases as adapted by the British Paediatric Organisations Association ICAT  International Comprehensive Anatom- ICDC  implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ical Terminology catheter ICBDMS  International Clearinghouse for ICD-9-CM  International Classification of Birth Defects Monitoring Systems Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modifica- ICBF  inner cortical blood flow tion ICBG  idiopathic calcification of basal gan- ICDH  isocitrate dehydrogenase glia ICD/ IPD  inner canthal distance/interpupil- ICBM  International Consortium for Brain lary distance Mapping ICD-O  International Classification of Dis- ICBN  intercostobrachial nerve eases-Oncology ICBP  intracellular binding protein ICDRC  International Contact Dermatitis Re- ICBPG  improved chemical and biological search Center protective glove ICDREC  International Computer Database ICBR  increased chromosomal breakage rate for Radiation Accident Case Histories ICC  immunocompetent cells; immunocyto- ICDS  Integrated Child Development Scheme; chemistry; Indian childhood cirrhosis; induc- International Cardiac Doppler Society tion compliance checklist; infection control ICE  ice, compression, elevation; ichthyosis- committee; intensive coronary care; inter- cheek-eyebrow [syndrome]; ifosfamide, chromosomal crossing over; interclass cor- carboplatin, etoposide; immunochemical relation coefficient; intercluster constraint; evaluation; in case of emergency; integrated internal conversion coefficient; International clinical encounter; integration, codification Certification Commission; interventional and evaluation; interleukin converting en- cardiac center; intraclass correlation coeffi- zyme; intracardiac echocardiography; irido- cient; intracranial cavity; invasive cervical corneal endothelial [syndrome] cancer; Italian Cancer Classification ICECA  International Committee for Elec- ICCE  intracapsular cataract extraction tronic Communication on Acquired Immuno- iCCK  immunoreactive cholecystokinin deficiency Syndrome ICCM  idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy ICECG  intracardiac electrocardiography ICCR  International Committee for Contra- ICED  Index of Co-existent Diseases ception Research ICEEG  intracranial electroencephalography ICCS  International Classification of Clinical ICE-GTC  intractable childhood epilepsy with Services generalized tonic clonic seizures ICCs  interstitial cells of Cajal ICER  incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; ICCU  intensive coronary care unit; interme- inducible cyclic adenosine monophosphate diate coronary care unit early repressor  207 ICES  information collection and evaluation ICl  chloride ionic current system ICLA  International Committee on Labora- ICET  induced current electrical impedance tory Animals tomography ICLAS  International Council for Laboratory ICEUS  intracaval endovascular ultrasound Animal Science ICF  immunodeficiency, centromeric insta- ICLH  Imperial College, London Hospital bility, facial anomalies [syndrome]; indirect ICLP  isolated cleft lip or palate centrifugal flotation; informed consent form; ICM  inner cell mass; integrated conditional intensive care facility; intercellular fluores- model; intelligent cardiovascular monitor; cence; interciliary fluid; intermediate-care intercostal margin; International Confedera- facility; International Cardiology Founda- tion of Midwives; intersecting core model; tion; intracellular fluid; intravascular coagu- intracellular multiplication; intracytoplasmic lation and fibrinolysis membrane; introduction to clinical medicine; ICFA  incomplete Freund adjuvant; induced ion conductance modulator; isolated cardio- complement-fixing antigen vascular malformation ICFF  important clinical field finding icm  intracellular multiplication ICF(M)A  International Cystic Fibrosis (Mu- ICMA  immunochemiluminometric assay coviscidosis) Association ICMF  intercostal muscle flap ICF-MR  intermediate-care facility for the ICMI  Inventory of Childhood Memories and mentally retarded Imaginings ICF/MR  intensive care facilities for mental ICML  International Congress on Medical retardation Librarianship ICG  impedance cardiogram; impedance car- ICMP  Internet control message protocol diography; indocyanine green; isotope cister- ICMSF  International Commission on Micro- nography biological Specifications for Foods ICGC  indocyanine green clearance; Interna- ICN  intensive care nursery; International tional Cancer Genome Consortium Council of Nurses ICGN  immune-complex glomerulonephritis ICNa  intracellular concentration of sodium ICH  idiopathic cortical hyperostosis; immu- ICNB  International Committee on Nomen- nocompromised host; infectious canine hepa- clature of Bacteria titis; Institute of Child Health; International ICNC  intracerebral nuclear cell Conference on Harmonisation; intracerebral ICNIRP  International Commission on Non- hematoma; intracranial hemorrhage; intra- Ionizing Radiation Protection cranial hypertension ICNND  Interdepartmental Committee on ICHD  Inter-Society Commission for Heart Nutrition in National Defense Disease Resources ICNP  International Classification of Nurs- ICHPER·SD  International Council for Health, ing Practice Physical Education, Recreation, Sport, and ICNV  International Committee on Nomen- Dance clature of Viruses ICHPPC  International Classification of ICO  idiopathic cyclic oedema; impedance Health Problems in Primary Care cardiac output; infection control officer; in- IcHV  Ictalurid herpesvirus termittent cardiac output ICI  intracardiac infection ICOHCS  Ishi Town Preschool Children Oral ICi  intracisternal Health Care Study ICIC  International Classification of Primary ICOMS  input, constraints, output, and Care mechanisms ICIDH  International Classification of Im- ICOPER  International Cooperative Pulmo- pairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps nary Embolism Registry ICIN  Intracoronary Streptokinase Trial of ICP  incident command post; incubation pe- the Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the riod; indwelling catheter program; infantile Netherlands cerebral palsy; infection-control practitioner; ICIS  imaging center information system infectious cell protein; inflammatory cloaco- iCJD  iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease genic polyp; insecticidal crystal protein; in- ICJR  International Congress for Joint Re- tegrated care pathway/planning; interactive construction closest point; interdisciplinary care plan; in- ICL  idiopathic CD4 T-cell lymphocytopenia; termittent catheterization protocol; intracra- implantable collamer lens; implantable con- nial pressure; intracytoplasmic; intrahepatic tact lens; intracranial lesion; iris-clip lens; cholestasis of pregnancy; iterative closest  isocitrate lyase point  208 ICPA  International Commission for the Pre- College of Surgeons; International Cytokine vention of Alcoholism Society; intracellular segment; intracranial ICPB  International Collection of Phyto- stimulation; Iohexol Cooperative Study; ir- pathogenic Bacteria ritable colon syndrome IC/PBS  interstitial cystitis and painful blad- I&CS  information and communication sys- der syndrome tem ICPC  International Classification of Primary ICSA  islet cell surface antibody Care ICSB  International Committee on System- ICPC-PLUS  International Classification of atic Bacteriology Primary Care, with extension and electronic ICSC  idiopathic central serous choroidopa- version thy ICPEMC  International Commission for Pro- ICSf  final intercuspidation splint tection Against Environmental Mutagens and ICSG  International Cooperative Study Carcinogens Group ICPI  Intersociety Council on Pathology In- ICSH  International Committee for Standard- formation ization in Hematology; interstitial cell- ICP-MS  inductively coupled plasma mass stimulating hormone spectrometer; inductively coupled plasma ICS-HSH  Information and Communication mass spectrometry System Health Smart Home ICPR  International Commission on Stage ICSI  Institute for Clinical Systems Integra- Grouping and Presentation of Results tion; intracytoplasmic sperm injection ICR  [distance between] iliac crests; Institute ICSK  intracoronary streptokinase for Cancer Research; intermittent catheter ICSO  intermittent coronary sinus occlusion routine; International Congress of Radiolo- ICSP  Interagency Council on Statistical gy; international consensus report; intracar- Policy; International Council of Societies of diac catheter recording; intracavitary radium; Pathology intracorneal ring; intracranial reinforcement; ICSS  intracranial self-stimulation ion cyclotron resonance I/CSS  informed consent support system ICRAC  calcium release–activated calcium ICSTI  International Council for Scientific current and Technical Information ICRC  infant care review committee; Interna- ICSU  International Council of Scientific tional Committee of the Red Cross; Islet Cell Unions Resource Center ICT  icteric, icterus; indirect Coombs test; ICRD  Index of Codes for Research Drugs induction chemotherapy; inflammation of ICRE  International Commission on Radio- connective tissue; information and communi- logical Education cations technology; insulin coma therapy; ICRETT  International Cancer Research intensive conventional therapy; intermittent Technology Transfer cervical traction; interstitial cell tumor; intra- ICREW  International Cancer Research cardiac thrombus; intracranial tumor; iso- Workshop volumic contraction time ICRF  Imperial Cancer Research Fund Ict  icterus I-CRF  immunoreactive corticotropin-releas- iCT  immunoreactive calcitonin ing factor ICTDR  International Centers for Tropical ICRF-159  razoxane Disease Research ICRP  International Commission on Radio- ICTMM  International Congress on Tropical logical Protection; International Committee Medicine and Malaria on Radiation Protection ICTS  idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome ICRS  Index Chemicus Registry System ICTV  International Committee for the Tax- ICRT  intracoronary radiation therapy onomy of Viruses ICRU  International Commission on Radia- ICTVdB  International Committee on Tax- tion Units and Measurements onomy of Viruses Database ICS  ileocecal sphincter; image criteria score; ICTX  intermittent cervical traction immotile cilia syndrome; immunocytochem- ICU  immunologic contact urticaria; infant ical staining; impulse-conducting system; care unit; intensive care unit; intermediate incident command system; information and care unit communication system; inhaled corticoste- ICUS  intracoronary ultrasound roids; integrated case study; intensive care, ICV  internal cerebral vein; intracellular vol- surgical; intercellular space; intercostal ume; intracerebroventricular space; intercuspidation splint; International icv  intracerebroventricular  209 ICVA  intracranial vertebral artery IDE  insulin-degrading enzyme; integrated ICVS  International Cardiovascular Society development environment; intelligent drive ICW  intensive care ward; intermediate care electronics; investigational device exemption ward; intracellular water IDEA  Individuals with Disabilities Educa- ICWS  integrated clinical workstation tion Act; Internet Database of Evidence- ICx  immune complex; inter-cartridge ex- based Abstracts and Articles change IDEF  Integrated [Computer-Aided Manufac- ICZN  International Code of Zoological No- turing] Definition menclature i-DENT  Internet Dental Epidemiology Sys- ID  identification; identifier; idiotype; iditol tem Produced by Tokushima University dehydrogenase; immunodeficiency; immu- iDEP  insulator-based dielectrophoretic de- nodiffusion; immunoglobulin deficiency; in- vice appropriate disability; incapacitating dose; IDET  intradiskal electrothermal annuloplas- incision and drainage; inclusion disease; ty; intradiskal electrothermal therapy index of discrimination; individual dose; in- IDF  International Diabetes Federation; in- fant death; infectious disease; infective dose; verse document frequency inhibitory dose; initial diagnosis; initial dose; IDFT  inverse discrete Fourier transform initial dyskinesia; injected dose; inside diam- IDG  intermediate dose group eter; interdigitating; interhemispheric discon- IDH  intraductal hyperplasia; isocitrate dehy- nection; internal diameter; interstitial disease; drogenase intradermal; intraduodenal IDHS  Indian Diet Heart Study I-D  intensity-duration IDI  immunologically detectable insulin; I&D  incision and drainage induction-delivery interval; integrated dis- ID50  median incapacitating dose; median crimination improvements; interdentale in- infective dose ferius Id  infradentale; interdentale; the same [Lat. I-5DI  type I 5′deiodinase idem] IDIC  Internal Dose Information Center id  the same [Lat. idem] idic  isodicentric IDA  idamycin; iduronidase; image display IDIS  International Drug Information Ser- and analysis; iminodiacetic acid; insulin- vice; intraoperative digital substraction angi- degrading activity; intelligent data analysis; ography iron deficiency anemia IDISA  intraoperative digital subtraction an- IDAMAP  intelligent data analysis in medi- giography cine and pharmacology IDK  internal derangement of knee IDAV  immunodeficiency-associated virus IDL  Index to Dental Literature; interface IDB  image database definition language; intermediate density li- IDBS  infantile diffuse brain sclerosis poprotein; intermediate differentiation of IDC  idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy; in- lymphocytic lymphoma; isodose line filtrating ductal carcinoma; interdigitating IDL-C, IDL-c  intermediate-density lipopro- cell tein–cholesterol complex iDC  immature dendritic cell IDLH  immediate danger to life and health IDCI  intradiplochromatid interchange IDM  idiopathic disease of myocardium; im- IDCOP  idealized design of clinical office mune defense mechanism; indirect method; practice infant of diabetic mother; intermediate-dose IDCS  Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy methotrexate; inverse different moment Study IDMC  independent data monitoring com- IDCT  inverse discrete cosine transform mittee IDD  idealized dose distribution; insulin- ID-MS  isotope dilution mass spectrometry dependent diabetes; intraluminal duodenal IDN  integrated delivery network diverticulum; Inventory to Diagnose Depres- iDNA  intercalary deoxyribonucleic acid sion IDP  imidodiphosphonate; immunodiffusion IDDF  investigational drug data form procedure; inflammatory demyelinating neu- IDDM  insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ropathy; initial dose period; inosine diphos- IDDM-MED  insulin-dependent diabetes phate mellitus multiple epiphyseal dysplasia [syn- IDPH  idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis drome] IDPN  iminodipropionitrile; inflammatory IDDP  immediate drug development proj- demyelinating polyneuropathy ect IDQ  Individualized Dementia Question- IDDT  immune double-diffusion test naire  210 IDR  intradermal reaction; item discrimina- IEC  independent ethics committee; informa- tion ratio tion, education, communication; injection IDS  iduronate sulfatase; immune deficiency electrode catheter; inpatient exercise center; state; infectious diseases service; inhibitor of International Electrotechnical Commission; DNA synthesis; integrated delivery system; intestinal epithelial cell; intraepithelial carci- International Documentation System; intra- noma; ion-exchange chromatography duodenal stimulation; Inventory for Depres- IECa  intraepithelial carcinoma sive Symptomatology; investigational drug IECG  intracardiac electrocardiography service IED  improvised explosive device; inflamma- IdS  interdentale superius tory eye disease; inherited epidermal dyspla- IDSA  Infectious Diseases Society of Amer- sia; intermittent explosive disorder ica; intraoperative digital subtraction angiog- IEE  inner enamel epithelium raphy IEED  involuntary emotional expression dis- IDSAN  International Drug Safety Advisory order Network IEEE  Institute of Electrical and Electronics IDS-CRC  International Documentation Engineers System-Colorectal Cancer IEEG  intracranial electroencephalography IDSRN  Integrated Delivery System Re- IEF  International Eye Foundation; isoelec- search Network tric focusing IDS-SR  Inventory for Depressive Symptom- IEG  immediate early gene atology Systems Review IEGM  intracardiac electrogram IDT  immune diffusion test; instillation deliv- I-EHR  integrated electronic health record ery time; interdisciplinary team; intradermal IEI  isoelectric interval typhoid [vaccine] IEL  internal elastic lamina; intraepithelial IDU  idoxuridine; injection drug use; injec- lymphocyte tion drug user; intravenous drug user; iodo- IEM  immuno-electron microscopy; inborn deoxyuridine error of metabolism IDUA  iduronidase IEMA  immunoenzymatic assay IdUA  iduronic acid IEMCT  individualized epidural morphine IDUR  idoxuridine conversion tool IdUrd  idoxuridine IEMG  integrated electromyogram; integrat- IDUS  injecting drug user ed electromyography IDV  indinavir; intermittent demand ventila- IEOP  immunoelectro-osmophoresis tion IEP  immunoelectrophoresis; individualized IDVC  indwelling venous catheter education program; isoelectric point IDW  initial deflection width IEPR  International EECP Patient Registry IDWT  inverse discrete wavelet transform IERIV  Ieri virus IDX  4′-iodo-4′-deoxyoxorubicin IES  impact of events scale; inferior esopha- Idx  cross-reactive idiotype geal sphincter IE  imaging equipment; immediate early; im- IESS  Intergroup Ewing Sarcoma Study munizing unit [Ger. Immunitäts Einheit]; im- IET  intrauterine exchange transfusion munoelectrophoresis; infective endocarditis; IETF  Internet Engineering Task Force information economics; information engi- IETT  immediate exercise treadmill testing neering; inner ear; inspiratory exerciser; in- IF  idiopathic fibroplasia; idiopathic flushing; take energy; internal elastica; intraepithelial immersion foot; immunofluorescence; impact I/E  inspiratory/expiratory ratio; internal/ factor; indirect fluorescence; infrared; inhibit- external ing factor; initiation factor; instantaneous flow; IE  involvement of a single extrahepatic organ instantaneous frequency; insufficiency frac- or site ture; integrate and fire; intensifying factor; in- I:E  inspiratory/expiratory ratio terbody fusion; interferon; interior facet; ie, i.e.  that is [Lat. id est] intermediate filament; intermediate frequency; IEA  immediate early antigen; immunoelec- internal fixation; interstitial fibrosis; interstitial troadsorption; immunoelectrophoretic analy- fluid; interventional fluoroscopy; intrinsic fac- sis; infectious equine anemia; inferior tor; involved field epigastric artery; International Epidemio- IF1, IF2, IF3  interferons 1, 2, 3 logical Association; intravascular erythro- If  hyperpolarization-activated current cyte aggregation IFA  idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis; immuno- IEBC  International Entomopathogenic Ba- fluorescence assay; immunofluorescent anti- cillus Center body; incomplete Freund’s adjuvant; indirect  211 fluorescent antibody; indirect fluorescent IFMP  International Federation for Medical assay; International Fertility Association; In- Psychotherapy ternational Filariasis Association IFMSA  International Federation of Medical IFAA  International Federation of Associa- Student Associations tions of Anatomists IFMSS  International Federation of Multiple IFABP  intestinal fatty acid binding protein Sclerosis Societies IFAP  ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, photo- IFN  interferon phobia [syndrome] IFNA  interferon alpha IFAT  indirect fluorescent antibody test IFN α, β, γ  interferon alpha, beta, and IFBC  International Food Biotechnology gamma Council If nec  if necessary IFC  intermittent flow centrifugation; intrin- IFNG  interferon gamma sic factor concentrate IFNGT  interferon gamma transducer IFCC  International Federation of Clinical I-FOBT  immunochemical fecal occult blood Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine test IFCR  International Foundation for Cancer IFOS  International Federation of Oto- Research Rhino-Laryngological Societies IFCS  inactivated fetal calf serum IFP  inflammatory fibroid polyp; insulin, IFDS  isolated follicle-stimulating hormone compound F [hydrocortisone], prolactin; in- deficiency syndrome teractive filtered projection; intermediate fil- IFE  immunofixation electrophoresis; inter- ament protein; International Federation for follicular epidermis Psychotherapy; intimal fibrous proliferation; IFEV  Ife virus intrapatellar fat pad IFF  inner fracture face IFPM  International Federation of Physical IFFH  International Foundation for Family Medicine Health IFPMA  International Federation of Pharma- IFFS  International Federation of Fertility ceutical Manufacturers & Associations Societies IFR  infrared; inspiratory flow rate IFG  impaired fasting glucose; inferior fron- IFRA  indirect fluorescent rabies antibody tal gyrus; interferon gamma [test] IFGO  International Federation of Gynecol- IFRP  International Fertility Research Pro- ogy and Obstetrics gram IFGS  interstitial fluid and ground sub- IFRT  involved field radiotherapy stance IFS  interstitial fluid space IFGT  irradiation and fusion gene transfer IFSE  International Federation of Science IFHGS  International Federation of Human Editors Genetics Societies IFSM  information system; International IFHNOS  International Federation of Head Federation of Sports Medicine and Neck Oncologic Societies IFSP  individualized family service plan IFHP  International Federation of Health IFSSH  International Federation of Societies Professionals for Surgery of the Hand; International Forum IFHPMSM  International Federation for Hy- for Social Science and Health giene, Preventive Medicine, and Social Med- IFT  immunofluorescence test; inverse Fou- icine rier transform IFHRO  International Federation of Health IF/TA  interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy Records IFU  interferon unit IFI  immune interferon; intensified follow-up IFV  interstitial fluid volume; intracellular indicator; invasive fungal infection fluid volume IFIP  International Federation for Informa- IFX  infliximab tion Processing IG  immature granule; immunoglobulin; in- IFL  immunofluorescence sulin and glucose; intergenic; interstitial glu- IFLrA  recombinant human leukocyte inter- cose; intragastric; irritable gut feron A Ig  immunoglobulin IFM  internal fetal monitor; isoleucine, phe- IGA  infantile genetic agranulocytosis nylalanine, and methionine IgA  immunoglobulin A IFMBE  International Federation for Medical IgA1, IgA2  subclasses of immunoglobu- and Biological Engineering lin A IFME  International Federation for Medical IgAGN  immunoglobulin A glomerulone- Electronics phritis  212 IgAN  immunoglobulin A nephropathy IgM  immunoglobulin M IGBP  iatrogenic gallbladder perforation IgM1  subclass of immunoglobulin M IGC  immature germ cell; intragastric can- IgMN  immunoglobulin M nephropathy nula IGNS  image-guided neurosurgery IG-CAM  immunoglobulin of cell adhesion IGO1  immunoglobulin kappa orphan 1 molecule IGOS  Image-Guided Orthopaedic Surgery IGCP  intraglomerular capillary pressure [project] IGD  idiopathic growth hormone deficiency; IGP  intestinal glycoprotein Integrated Genome Database; interglobal dis- IGR  immediate generalized reaction; inte- tance; isolated gonadotropin deficiency grated gastrin response IgD  immunoglobulin D IGRA  interferon-gamma release assay IgD1, IgD2  subclasses of immunoglobulin D iGrid  international grid IGDM  infant of mother with gestational dia- IGS  image-guided surgery; implantable gas- betes mellitus tric stimulation; inappropriate gonadotropin IGE  idiopathic generalized epilepsy; im- secretion; internal guide sequence paired gas exchange Igs  immunoglobulins IgE  immunoglobulin E IgSC  immunoglobulin-secreting cell IgE1  subclass of immunoglobulin E IGSF  immunoglobulin superfamily IGF  insulin-like growth factor IGSS  immunogold silver staining IGF-1  insulin-like growth factor 1 IGT  impaired glucose tolerance IGFBP  insulin-like growth factor binding IGTT  intravenous glucose tolerance test protein IGUV  Iguape virus IGF-1-BP  insulin-like growth factor 1 bind- IGV  intrathoracic gas volume ing protein IH  idiopathic hirsutism; idiopathic hypercal- IGFBP-3  IGF-binding protein 3 ciuria; immediate hypersensitivity; incom- IGFET  insulated gate field effect transistor pletely healed; indirect hemagglutination; IGF-1-KIRA  insulin-like growth factor 1 industrial hygiene; infantile hydrocephalus; kinase receptor activation infectious hepatitis; inguinal hernia; inhibit- IGFL  integral green fluorescence ing hormone; in hospital; inner half; inpatient IGFR  insulin-like growth factor receptor hospital; intermittent heparinization; intimal IGF1R  insulin-like growth factor receptor hyperplasia; intracranial hematoma; iron he- type 1 matoxylin IgG  immunoglobulin G IHA  idiopathic hyperaldosteronism; indirect IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4  subclasses of hemagglutination; indirect hemagglutination immunoglobulin G antibody; intrahepatic atresia IgG-SC  immunoglobulin G–secreting cells IHAC  Industrial Health and Advisory Com- IGH  immunoreactive growth hormone mittee IgH  immunoglobulin heavy chain IHAPS  interactive health appraisal system IgHC  immunoglobulin heavy chain constant IHBT  incompatible hemolytic blood transfu- region sion IGHD  immunoglobin delta heavy chain; IHC  idiopathic hemochromatosis; idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency hypercalciuria; immunohistochemical [stain- IGHE  immunoglobulin epsilon heavy chain ing]; immunohistochemistry; inner hair cell; IGHV  immunoglobulin heavy chain vari- interactive health communication system; able region Internet Healthcare Coalition; intrahepatic IGI  intelligent graphic interface; Internet cholestasis Healthcare Coalition IHCA  individual health care account; iso- IGIF  interferon-gamma-inducing factor capnic hyperventilation with cold air IGIV  intravenous immune globulin IHCM  ichthyosis hystrix, Curth-Macklin IGKDEL  immunoglobulin kappa deleting [type] element IHCP  Institute of Hospital and Community IGL  immunoglobulin lambda; immunoglob- Psychiatry ulin light chain IHD  in-center hemodialysis; intermittent he- IGLJ  immunoglobulin lambda light chain J modialysis; ischemic heart disease IGLL  immunoglobulin lambda–like IHDI  ischemic heart disease index IGLLC  inferior glenohumeral ligament IHDP  Infant Health and Development Pro- labral complex gram iGluR  ionotropic glutamate receptor IHDPORT  Ischemic Heart Disease Patient IGM  Internet Grateful Med Outcomes Research Team  213 IHD SDP  Ischemic Heart Disease Shared I&I  illness and injuries Decision-Making Program Ii  incision inferius IHES  idiopathic hypereosinophilic syn- IIA  internal iliac artery drome IIC  ineffective individual coping; intraoper- IHF  Industrial Health Foundation; integra- ative imprint cytology tion host factor; interhemispheric fissure; IICP  increased intracranial pressure International Hospital Foundation IID  independent identically distributed [nu- IHGD  isolateral human growth deficiency cleotides]; insulin-independent diabetes IHH  idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogo- IIDM  insulin-independent diabetes mellitus nadism; idiopathic hypothalamic hypogonad- IIE  idiopathic ineffective erythropoiesis; im- ism; infectious human hepatitis plantable insulin pump IHHS  idiopathic hyperkinetic heart syn- IIE  localized involvement of an extrahepatic drome organ or site IHI  Institute for Healthcare Improvement IIEF  International Index of Erectile Function IHIS  integrated hospital information system i-IEL  intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte IHL  International Homeopathic League IIF  immune interferon; indirect immunofluo- IHM  in-hospital malnutrition rescence; intracellular ice formation; isolated IHN  integrated health care network intraperitoneal fluid IHO  idiopathic hypertrophic osteoarthropa- IIFT  intraoperative intraarterial fibrinolytic thy therapy IHOU  in-hospital observation unit IIG  imagineering interest group; interactive IHP  idiopathic hypoparathyroidism; idio- image-guided [surgery] pathic hypopituitarism; individualized health IIGR  ipsilateral instinctive grasp reaction plan; inositol hexaphosphate; interhospital- IIH  idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia ization period; inverted hand position IIHD  Israeli Ischemic Heart Disease [study] IHPC  intrahepatic cholestasis; intraperito- III  endometrial carcinoma extending outside neal hyperthermic chemotherapy the uterus but not outside the true pelvis; IHPH  intrahepatic portal hypertension involvement of two or more lymph node re- IHPP  Intergovernmental Health Project gions on both sides of the diaphragm [staging Policy system for Hodgkin disease]; vaginal carci- IHQL  index of health-related quality of life noma extending to pelvic wall IHR  International Health Regulations; intra- IIIE  localized involvement of an extrahepatic hepatic resistance; intrinsic heart rate organ or site [staging system for Hodgkin IHRA  isocapnic hyperventilation with room disease] air III-para  tertipara IHRB  Industrial Health Research Board IIIS  localized involvement of the spleen IHS  idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome; IIISE  localized involvement of an extrahe- inactivated horse serum; Indian Health Ser- patic organ and spleen vice; innovative health care system; inte- IIME  Institute for International Medical grated health system; International Headache Education Society; International Health Society; intra- IIMS  Interest in Internal Medicine Scale cranial hypotension syndrome IINB  intrapleural intercostal nerve block IHSA  iodinated human serum albumin IIP  idiopathic interstitial pneumonia; idio- IHSC  immunoreactive human skin collage- pathic intestinal pseudoobstruction; in- nase creased intracranial pressure IHSS  idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic ste- II-para  secundipara nosis I-123 IPPA  I-123 Iodo-Phenylpentadeca- IHT  insulin hypoglycemia test; intravenous noic Acid [Viability Multicenter Study] histamine test; ipsilateral head turning IIR  infinite impulse response I5HT  intraplatelet serotonin IIS  intensive immunosuppression; Interna- IHW  International Histocompatibility Work- tional Institute of Stress shop IIT  induction of immune tolerance; ineffec- II  carcinoma of the subvaginal tissue without tive iron turnover; intensive insulin therapy; involving the pelvic wall; endometrial carci- interactive image tool; isolated islet trans- noma involving the corpus and cervix but no plantation other tissues; icterus index; image intensifi- IITF  Information Infrastructure Task Force cation/intensifier; involvement or two or IIUK  Intraoperative Intra-Arterial Urokinase more lymph nodes on the same side of the [study] diaphragm IIVS  Institute for In Vitro Sciences  214 IJ  ileojejunal; internal jugular; intrajejunal; IleRS  isoleucyl RNA synthetase intrajugular ILEV  Ilesha virus IJCAI  International Joint Conferences on ILRFA  inline radiofrequency ablation Artificial Intelligence ILGA  International Lesbian and Gay Asso- IJD  inflammatory joint disease ciation IJP  inhibitory junction potential; internal ILGF  insulin-like growth factor jugular pressure ILH  immunoreactive luteinizing hormone IJV  internal jugular vein ILHV  Ilheus virus IK  immobilized knee; immune body [Ger. ILI  influenzalike illness Immunekörper]; Infusoria killing [unit]; in- ILIS  intelligent laboratory information system terstitial keratitis ILL  interlibrary loan; intermediate lympho- I-K  immunoconglutinin cytic lymphoma IK  potassium current ILLE  inverted with lower limbs extended Ik  delayed rectifier current ILLP  indeterminate lobular lymphocytic IK(AC, Adoi)  acetylcholine and adenosensitive panniculitis potassium current ILM  insulin-like material; internal limiting IK-Ach  acetylcholine-induced potassium cur- membrane rent ILMA, I-LMA  intubating laryngeal mask IKAdo  outward inwardly rectifying potassium airway current ILMS  Israel Longitudinal Mortality Study IK(ATP), IK-ATP  ATP-sensitive potassium cur- ILNR  intralobar nephrogenic rest rent ILo  iodine lotion IKDC  International Knee Documentation ILP  inadequate luteal phase; insufficiency of Committee luteal phase; insulin-loaded polymer; inter- IKE  Internet key exchange protocol; ion ki- stitial laser photocoagulation; interstitial netic energy lymphocytic pneumonia; isolated limb perfu- IKI  inward rectifier current sion IKp  plateau potassium current ILR  interleukin receptor; irreversible loss IKr  rectified potassium current rate IKU  Infusoria killing unit IL-1R to 15R  interleukin 1 to 15 recep- IL  ileum; iliolumbar; immature lung; inciso- tors lingual; independent laboratory; inguinal ILRA  interleukin receptor alpha ligament; inspiratory load; instant library; IL1-RA  interleukin-1 receptor antagonist intensity load; interleukin; internal loop; in- ILRB  interleukin receptor beta testinal lymphocyte; intracellular loop; intra- ILRCFS  Iowa Lipid Research Clinics Family lumbar; intraocular lens Study IL-1 to 15  interleukins 1 to 15 ILS  idiopathic leucine sensitivity; idiopathic ILA  insulin-like activity; International Lep- lymphadenopathy syndrome; increase in life rosy Association span; infrared liver scanner; integrated li- ILa  incisolabial brary system; intermittent light stimulation; ILAE  International League Against Epilepsy intralobal sequestration ILAR  Institute for Laboratory Animal Re- ILSA  Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging search ILSI  International Life Sciences Institute ILB  infant, low birth [weight]; initial lung ILSS  integrated life support system; intralu- burden minal somatostatin ILBBB  incomplete left bundle branch block ILT  iliotibial tract ILBW  infant, low birth weight ILTV  infectious laryngotracheitis virus ILC  ichthyosis linearis circumflex; incipient ILUS  intraluminal ultrasound lethal concentration; interstitial laser coagu- ILV  independent lung ventilation; instanta- lation neous lung volume [recording] ILD  interstitial lung disease; intraoperative ILVEN  inflamed linear verrucous epidermal localization device; ischemic leg disease; nevus ischemic limb disease; isolated lactase defi- ILY  intermedilysin ciency IM  idiopathic myelofibrosis; immuno­ ILDBP  interleukin-dependent deoxyribonu- suppressive method; implementation moni- cleic acid–binding protein toring; Index Medicus; indomethacin; ILE  information-laden event; isoleucine industrial medicine; infection medium; infec- ILe, Ile  isoleucine tious mononucleosis; information manage- ILED  infrared light emission diode ment; inner membrane; innocent murmur;  215 inspiratory muscles; intensity modulated; in- department; institution for mentally disabled; termediate; intermediate megaloblast; inter- intratumoral microvessel density mediate metabolizer; internal malleolus; ImD50  median immunizing dose internal mammary [artery]; internal margin; IMDC  intramedullary metatarsal decom- internal medicine; internal monitor; intra- pression medullary; intrametatarsal; intramuscular; IMDD  idiopathic midline destructive dis- invasive mole; isolated microcalcification ease I-M  incudomalleolar IMDDI  individual molecular dataset diver- 2IM  2-ipomeanol sity index Im  imidazole IMDG  International Maritime Dangerous im  intramuscular Goods [code] IMA  immunometric assay; Industrial Medi- IMDM  Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medi- cal Association; inferior mesenteric artery; um installation medical authority; Interchurch IMDP  imidocarb diproprionate Medical Assistance; intermetatarsal angle; IME  independent medical examination; in- internal mammary artery; internal maxillary direct medical education artery; Irish Medical Association IMEG  innovations in medical education IMAA  iodinated macroaggregated albumin grant IMAB  internal mammary artery bypass IMEL  International Medical Electronic Link IMAC  image management archiving and IMEM  improved minimum essential medium communications; immobilized metal affinity IMEP  Investigation in Menopausal Women capture; information management, archiving, of the Effect of Estradiol and Progesterone and communication; Intervention in Myocar- on Cardiovascular Risk Factors ditis and Acute Cardiomyopathy [study] IMET  isometric endurance test IMACS  image archiving and communica- IMEX  image segmentation tion system; image management and com- IMF  idiopathic myelofibrosis; immunofluo- munication system rescence; inframammary fold; installation IMAGE  integrated molecular analysis of medical facility; intermaxillary fixation; in- gene expression; International Metoprolol/ termediate filament; International Myeloma Nifedipine Angina Exercise Trial; Interna- Foundation; intramaxillary fixation tional Multicenter Angina Exercise [study]; IMG  industry-made graft; inferior mesen- International Multicenter Aprotinin Graft Pa- teric ganglion; internal medicine group; in- tency Experience [trial] ternational medical graduate IMAGES  Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy IMGG  intramuscular gammaglobulin in Stroke [trial] IMGT  International Immuno-Genetics Data- IMAI  internal mammary artery implant base Imax  maximum [drug-induced] inhibition IMH  idiopathic myocardial hypertrophy; in- IMB  intensity-modulated beam [radiothera- direct microhemagglutination [test] py]; intermenstrual bleeding IMHP  1-(iodomercuri)-2-hydroxypropane IMBC  indirect maximum breathing capacity IMHS  intramedullary hip screw IMBI  Institute of Medical and Biological Il- IMHT  indirect microhemagglutination test lustrators IMI  immunologically measurable insulin; IMC  indigent medical care; information- impending myocardial infarction; Imperial memory-concentration [test]; intelligent Mycological Institute; inferior myocardial monitoring and control; interdigestive mi- infarction; intelligent medical implant; inter- grating contractions; internal mammary meal interval; internal motility index; intra- chain; internal medicine clinic; internal muscular injection model control; International Medical Corps; Imi  imipramine intestinal mast cell IMIA  International Medical Informatics As- IMCD  inner medullary collecting duct sociation IMCI  Integrated Management of Childhood IMIA-NI  International Medical Informatics Illness Association-Nursing Informatics IMC-N  inframammary crease-to-nipple dis- IMIA-NI/SIG  International Medical Infor- tance matics Association-Nursing Informatics, IMCT  Information-Memory-Concentration Special Internet Group Test; International Multicentre Trial IMIC  International Medical Information IMCU  intermediate medical care unit Center IMD  immunodeficiency; immunologically IMIMC  interdigestive migrating myoelec- mediated disease; information management tric complex  216 IMIS  Integrative Molecular Information IMPDH  inosine-5′-monophosphate dehy- System drogenase IML  intermediolateral IMPDHL  inosine-5′-monophosphate dehy- IMLA  intramural left anterior [artery] drogenase-like IMLAD  intramural left anterior descending IMPG  interphotoreceptor matrix proteogly- [artery] can IMLNS  idiopathic minimal lesion nephrotic IMPR  integrated microscopy resource syndrome IMPRESS  Intramural Low Molecular ImLy  immune lysis Weight Heparin for Prevention of Restenosis IMM  immunization [database]; inhibitor- Study containing minimal medium; inner mito- IMPROVED  Influence of Introduction of chondrial membrane; internal medial Mycophenolate Mofetil and Reduction of malleolus Cyclosporine on Renal Dysfunction After immat  immature, immaturity Cardiac Transplantation [study] IMMC  interdigestive migrating motor com- IMPS  Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiat- plex ric Scale; intact months of patient survival immun  immune, immunity, immunization Impx  impacted IMN  internal mammary node IMR  individual medical record; infant mor- IMO  idiopathic multicentric osteolysis; tality rate; infant mortality risk; Institute for Irish Medical Organisation Medical Research; institution for mentally imoa  instantaneous maximum over the retarded; integrated microscopy resource; array intelligent medical record immobil  immobilization, immobilize IMRI  intraoperative magnetic resonance im- IMP  idiopathic myeloid proliferation; im- aging pression; incomplete male pseudohermaph- IMRT  intensity modulated radiotherapy roditism; individual Medicaid practitioner; IMS  image management system; immuno- inosine 5′-monophosphate; intramembranous magnetic separation; incurred in military particle; intramuscular compartment pres- service; Indian Medical Service; industrial sure; N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine methylated spirit; information management Imp  impression system; integrated medical services; interna- imp  impacted, impaction; impaired tional metric system; Internet map server; ion IMPA  incisal mandibular plane angle mobility spectrometry IMPAC  Information for Management, Plan- IMSI  international mobile subscriber iden- ning, Analysis, and Coordination tity IMPACT  Immunisation Monitoring Pro- iMSP  ideal midsagittal plane gramme Active; Initiatives to Mobilize for IMSS  in-flight medical support system the Prevention and Control of Tobacco Use; IMT  immunomodulatory therapy; indometh- Integrilin to Minimize Platelet Aggregation acin; induced muscular tension; inflamma- and Prevent Coronary Thrombosis [trial]; tory myofibroblastic tumor; inspiratory Interdisciplinary Maternal Perinatal Austral- muscle training; intimal mean thickness asian Clinical Trials; International Mexi- IM&T  information management and tech- letine and Placebo Antiarrhythmia Coronary nology Trial IMU  Index of Medical Underservice IMPACT-II  Integrilin to Minimize Platelet IMV  inferior mesenteric vein; informative Aggregation and Coronary Thrombosis morphogenetic variant; intelligent magic [trial] view [imaging]; intermittent mandatory ven- IMPACT-AMI  Integrilin to Minimize Plate- tilation; intermittent mechanical ventilation; let Aggregation and Prevent Coronary intracellular mature virion; isophosphamide, Thrombosis-Acute Myocardial Infarction methotrexate, and vincristine [trial] IMViC, imvic  indole, methyl red, Voges- IMPACT-Stent  Integrilin to Minimize Proskauer, citrate [test] Platelet Aggregation and Coronary Throm- IMVP  idiopathic mitral valve prolapse bosis in Stenting [trial] IMVS  Institute of Medical and Veterinary IMPATH  interactive microcomputer patient Science assessment tool for health IN  icterus neonatorum; impetigo neonato- IMPC  International Myopia Prevention rum; incidence; incompatibility number; in- Center fundibular nucleus; insulin; integrase; IMPD  inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydro- interneuron; interstitial nephritis; intranasal; genase irritation of nociceptors  217 In  index; indium; inion; insulin; inulin Inf  influenza in  inch inf  infant, infantile; inferior in2  square inch INF APC  inferoapical in3  cubic inch infect  infected, infection, infective INA  infectious nucleic acid; inferior nasal INFH  ischemic necrosis of femur head artery; instrumentation amplifier; Interna- Inflamm  inflammation, inflammatory tional Neurological Association inf mono  infectious mononucleosis INa  sodium current InfoMAP  information management and as- INAA  instrumental neutron activation anal- sessment process ysis INFORMM  Information Network for On- INABIS  First Internet World Congress for line Retrieval and Medical Management Biomedical Sciences INFSEC  information security INAD  infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy INFV  Inner Farne virus INAH  isonicotinic acid hydrazide ING  isotope nephrogram INANE  International Academy of Nursing ing  inguinal Editors InGP  indolglycerophosphate INB  internuclear bridging; ischemic necro- INH  Indian hedgehog homolog; inhalation; sis of bone inhibitor; isoniazid; isonicotinic acid hydra- inbr  inbreeding zide INC  inside needle catheter; intensive neona- INHA  inhibin alpha tal care; internodular cortex inhal  inhalation inc  incision; inclusion; incompatibility; in- INHB  inhibin beta continent; increase, increased; increment; INHBA  inhibitin beta A incurred INHBB  inhibitin beta B INCB  International Narcotics Control INHBC  inhibitin beta C Board inhib  inhibiting, inhibition INCD  infantile nuclear cerebral degenera- INH-PT  isonicotinic acid hydrazide preven- tion tive therapy IN-CHF  Italian Network Congestive Heart INI  intranuclear inclusion Failure INIRC  International Non-Ionizing Radiation INCL  infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscino- Committee sis inj  injection; injured, injurious, injury incl  inclusion or include INJECT  International Joint Efficacy Com- INCLEN  International Clinical Epidemiolo- parison of Thrombolytics [trial]; Internation- gy Network al Joint Evaluation of Coronary Thrombolysis incr  increase, increased; increment [trial] incur  incurable inject  injection IND  indomethacin; industrial medicine; in- INJR  injury or poisoning vestigational new drug INK  injury not known ind  indirect; induction INKV  Inkoo virus INDANA  Individual Data Analysis of Anti- INL  International Nursing Library hypertensive Intervention Trials INLINIS  Ireland-Netherlands Lisinopril- indep  independent Nifedipine Study indic  indicated, indication INLSD  ichthyosis and neutral lipid storage indig  indigestion disease indiv  individual i-NMDS  international nursing minimum INDO  indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase; indo- dataset methacin INN  in-network; International Nonpropri- INDOR  internuclear double resonance etary Name; intestinal noise indust  industrial innerv  innervated, innervation INE  infantile necrotizing encephalomyelop- innom  innominate athy INNOVO  Inhaled Nitric Oxide Compared INEPT  insensitive nuclei enhanced by polar- to Ventilatory Support Without Inhaled Nitric ization transfer Oxide [trial] INET  image network INO  inosine; internuclear ophthalmoplegia INF  infant, infantile; infected, infection, in- Ino  inosine fective; inferior; infirmary; infundibulum; INOC  isonicotinoyloxycarbonyl infusion; interferon; intravenous nutritional inoc  inoculated, inoculation fluid inorg  inorganic  218 iNOS  inducible macrophage-type nitric Int  international; intestinal oxide synthase int  internal Inox  inosine, oxidized INTACT  International Nifedipine Trial on INP  idiopathic neutropenia Antiatherosclerotic Therapy INPAV  intermittent negative-pressure as- INTEG  integument sisted ventilation INTEL-SAT  international communication INPC  isopropyl N-phenyl carbamate satellite INPEA  isopropyl nitrophenylethanolamine INTERCEPT  Incomplete Infarction Trial of INPH  iproniazid phosphate European Research Collaborators Evaluating INPHO  Information Network for Public Prognosis Post-Thrombolysis Health Officials; Integrated Network for Pub- INTERHEALTH  Integrated Programme for lic Health Officials Community Health and Noncommunicable INPP1  inositol polyphosphate 1-phos­ Diseases phatase InterLymph  International Lymphoma Epi- INPV  intermittent negative-pressure venti- demiology Consortium lation INTERMAP  International Study of Macro- INQ  interior nasal quadrant nutrients and Blood Pressure InQ  inquiry mode questionnaire intern  internal InQ(R)  inquiry mode questionnaire, reli- Internat  international ability assessment INTERSALT  International Study of Salt and INR  international normalized ratio Blood Pressure INREM  internal roentgen-equivalent, man INTERSEPT  International Sepsis Trial INRIA  Institut National de Recherche en intes  intestine Informatique et en Automatique [National Intest  intestine, intestinal Institute for Research in Computer Science Int/Ext  internal/external and Control] INTH  intrathecal INROAD  In-Stent Restenosis Optimal An- INTIMA  Infusion of Tissue Plasminogen- gioplasty Device [trial] Activator in Myocardial Infarction at the INRT  involved node radation therapy Acute Phase [study] INS  idiopathic nephrotic syndrome; im- in-TIME  Intravenous Lanoteplase for Treat- plantable neurostimulator; information net- ing Infarcting Myocardium Early [trial] working system; Infusion Nurses Society; Intmd  intermediate insulin; insurance Int Med  internal medicine Ins  insulin; insurance, insured INTOX, Intox  intoxication ins  insertion; insulin; insurance, insured INTR  intermittent INSECT  intensity normalized stereotaxic en- INTRO-AMI  Integrilin and Reduced Dose vironment for classification of tissues of Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarc- insem  insemination tion INSIGHT  International Nifedipine Study Int Rot  internal rotation Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treat- INTRP  Inventory of Negative Thoughts in ment Response to Pain insol  insoluble INTRUC  Introducing Catheter [study] INSP, Insp  inspiration Int trx  intermittent traction INSPIRE  Increasing Participation in Cardi- intub  intubation ac Rehabilitation [study]; Intravascular  INV  inferior nasal vein; Inini virus Ultrasound Study Predictor of Restenosis Inv, inv  inversion; involuntary [trial] INVEST  International Verapamil SR/Tran- INSR  insulin receptor dolapril [study] INSRR  insulin receptor–related receptor invest  investigation INSS  international neuroblastoma staging Inv/Ev  inversion/eversion system inv ins  inverted insertion Inst  institute INVM  isolated noncompaction of left ven- instab  instability tricular myocardium instill  instillation invol  involuntary insuf  insufflation involv  involved, involvement insuff  insufficiency, insufficient; insufflation inv(p+q−), inv(p−q+)  pericentric inver- INT  interference; intermediate; intermittent; sion intern, internal; internship; interval; intesti- IO  incisal opening; inferior oblique; inferior nal; intima; p-iodonitrotetrazolium olive; internal os; interorbital; intestinal   219 obstruction; intraocular; intraoperative; intra- IOVA  intraocular vision aid osseous IP  icterus praecox; imaging plate; immune I&O  in and out; intake and output precipitate; immunoblastic plasma; immu- I/O  input/output; intake/output noperoxidase technique; inactivated pepsin; Io  ionium; onset of inspiration incisoproximal; incisopulpal; incontinentia IO2  inspired oxygen pigmenti; incubation period; induced po- IOA  inner optic anlage; International Osteo- tential; induction period; infection preven- pathic Association tion; inflation point; infundibular process; IOC  International Organizing Committee on infusion pump; inhibition period; inorganic Medical Librarianship; intern on call; intra- phosphate; inosine phosphorylase; inositol operative cholangiography phosphate; inpatient; instantaneous pressure; IOCG  intraoperative cholangiogram intermediate purity; International Pharma- IOCM  iso-osmolar contrast medium copoeia; Internet protocol; interpeduncular; IOD  information object model; injured on interphalangeal; interpupillary; intestinal duty; integrated optical density; interorbital pseudoobstruction; intramuscular pressure; distance intraperitoneal; intrapulmonary; inverse IOE  intraoperative echocardiography planning; inverted papilloma; ionization po- IOECS  intraoperative electrocortical stimu- tential; ischemic preconditioning; isoelectric lation point; isoproterenol; L’Institut Pasteur IOERT  intraoperative electron beam radia- IP1  incontinentia pigmenti 1 tion therapy IP1  inositol-1-phosphate IOFB  intraocular foreign body IP2  incontinentia pigmenti 2 IOH  idiopathic orthostatic hypotension IP3  inositol triphosphate IOHDR  intraoperative high dose rate IP4  inositol 1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate IOL  induction of labor; intraocular lens Ip  peak of inspiratory effort IOM  inferior orbitomental; infraorbital mar- Ip  ionic current pump gin; Institute of Medicine; Institute of Oc- ip  intraperitoneal cupational Medicine; interosseous membrane; i/p  inpatient intraoperative monitoring IPA  idiopathic pulmonary arteriosclerosis; IOML  infraorbitomeatal line immunoperoxidase assay; incontinentia pig- IOMP  International Organization for Medi- menti achromians; independent physician cal Physics association; independent practice associa- IOMSN  International Organization of Mul- tion; individual practice association; infantile tiple Sclerosis Nurses papular acrodermatitis; International Pediat- ION  ischemic optic neuropathy ric Association; International Pharmaceutical IONDT  Ischemic Optic Neuropathy De- Association; International Psychoanalytical compression Trial Association; International Psychogeriatric IONM  intraoperative neuromonitoring Association; intrapleural analgesia; isopropyl IOP  improving organizational performance; alcohol; marker for detecting ovarian cancer intensive outpatient; intraocular pressure Ipa  pulse average intensity IOPR  intraoperative patient representation IPAA  ileal pouch–anal anastomosis; Inter- IOR  index of refraction; index of response; national Psychoanalytical Association interoperable object reference IPAB  Independent Payment Advisory IORT  intraoperative radiotherapy Board IOS  infant observation scale; International IPAC  Information Policy Advisory Com- Organization for Standardization; intraopera- mittee tive sonography IPAG  The Influenza and Pneumonia Action IOS RF  intact outlet strut resonance fre- Group quency IPAP  inspiratory positive airway pressure IOT  intraocular tension; intraocular transfer; IPAQ  International Physical Activity Ques- ipsilateral optic tectum tionnaire IOTA  information overload testing aid I-para  primipara IOTEE  intraoperative transesophageal echo- IPAT  Institute of Personality and Ability cardiography Testing; Iowa Pressure Articulation Test IOTF  International Obesity Task Force iPAT  integrated Parallel Acquisition Tech- IOU  intensive care observation unit; inter- niques national opacity unit IPB  injury-prone behavior; integrated prob- IOUS  intraoperative ultrasound lem-based curriculum IOV  inside-out vesicle IPBH  intraparenchymal brain hemorrhage  220 IPC  intermittent pneumatic compression; IPMA  intraductal papillary mucinous ade- International Poliomyelitis Congress; inter- noma peduncular cistern; interpersonal process of IPMB  borderline intraductal papillary muci- care; ion pair chromatography; ischemic pre- nous neoplasm conditioning; isopropyl carbamate; isopropyl IPMC  intraductal papillary mucinous carci- chlorophenyl noma IPCD  infantile polycystic disease IPMI  information processing in medical im- IPCFC  intermittent pneumatic calf and foot aging compression IPMN  intraductal papillary mucinous neo- IPCL  intrapapillary capillary loop plasm IPCP  interdisciplinary patient care plan IPMS  inhibited power motive syndrome IPCS  International Program on Chemical IPMT  intraductal papillary mucinous tumor Safety; intrauterine progesterone contracep- IPN  immunization program nurse; infantile tion system polyarteritis nodosa; infectious pancreatic IPD  idiopathic Parkinson disease; idiopathic necrosis; interductal papillary neoplasm; in- protracted diarrhea; immediate pigment tern progress note; interpeduncular nucleus; darkening; impedance plethysmography; in- interstitial pneumonitis crease in pupillary diameter; incurable prob- IPNA  isopropyl noradrenalin lem drinker; inflammatory pelvic disease; IPNV  infectious pancreatic necrosis virus intermittent peritoneal dialysis; intermittent IPO  improved pregnancy outcome pigment darkening; International Pharmaco- IPOF  immediate postoperative fitting peal Database; interocular phase difference; IPOIC  immediate postoperative instillation interpupillary distance; Inventory of Psycho- of intravesical chemotherapy social Development IPOP  immediate postoperative prosthesis IPE  infectious porcine encephalomyelitis; IPP  independent practice plan; individual interstitial pulmonary emphysema patient profile; inflatable penile prosthesis; IΦE  International Partnership in Health In- inorganic pyrophosphate; inspiratory plateau formation Education pressure; intermittent positive pressure;  IPEH  intravascular papillary endothelial hy- intracisternal A-particle–promoted polypep- perplasia tide; intrahepatic partial pressure; intraperi- IPF  idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; infection- cardial pressure potentiating factor; insulin promoter factor; Ipp  interpulse potential interstitial pulmonary fibrosis IPPA  inspection, palpation, percussion, and IPFM  integral pulse frequency modulation auscultation; iodophenylpentadecanoic acid IPFM/SDC  integral pulse frequency IPPB  intermittent positive-pressure breath- modulation/Smith delay compensator ing IPG  impedance plethysmography; inspira- IPPB-I  intermittent positive-pressure breath- tion-phase gas ing, inspiration iPGE  immunoreactive prostaglandin E IPPHS  International Primary Pulmonary IPH  idiopathic portal hypertension; idio- Hypertension Study pathic pulmonary hemosiderosis; idiopathic IPPI  interruption of pregnancy for psychiat- pulmonary hypertension; inflammatory pap- ric indication illary hyperplasia; International Partnership IPPO  intermittent positive-pressure infla- for Health; interphalangeal; intraparenchy- tion with oxygen mal hemorrhage; intraperitoneal hemorrhage IPPPSH  International Prospective Primary IPHR  inverted polypoid hamartoma of the Prevention Study in Hypertension rectum IPPR  integrated pancreatic polypeptide re- IPI  interpotential interval; interpulse inter- sponse; intermittent positive-pressure respi- val ration IPIA  immunoperoxidase infectivity assay IPPV  intermittent positive-pressure ventila- IPITA  International Pancreas and Islet tion Transplant Association IPPYV  Ippy virus IPJ  interphalangeal joint IPQ  intimacy potential quotient IPK  intractable plantar keratosis IPR  imidozaline-preferring receptor; imme- IPKD  infantile polycystic kidney disease diate phase reaction; independent profes- IPL  inner plexiform layer; intense pulsed sional review; Institute for Process Control light; intrapleural and Robotics; insulin production rate; inter- IPM  impulses per minute; inches per min- val patency rate; intraparenchymal resis- ute; interphotoreceptor matrix tance; ipratropium; iproniazid  221 IP3R  inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor IR  drop of voltage across a resistor produced i-Pr  isopropyl by a current; ileal resection; immune re- IPRD  intellectual product sponse; immunization rate; immunoreactive; IPRL  isolated perfused rat liver/lung immunoreagent; in room; impedance rheog- iProClass  integrated protein classification raphy; index of response; individual reaction; IPRT  interpersonal reaction test inferior rectus; inflow resistance; information IPS  idiopathic pain syndrome; idiopathic retrieval; infrared; infrarenal; inside radius; postprandial syndrome; immersive projec- insoluble residue; inspiratory reserve; inspi- tion system; inches per second; infundibular ratory resistance; insulin resistance; interme- pulmonary stenosis; initial prognostic score; diate representation; internal resistance; intensive care unit point system; intermittent internal rotation; interventional radiology; photic stimulation; interpractice system; in- intrarectal; intrarenal; inversion recovery; trapartum stillbirth; intraperitoneal shock; inverted repeat; irritant reaction; ischemia- ischiopubic synchondrosis reperfusion; isovolumic relaxation ips  inches per second I-R  Ito-Reenstierna [reaction] IPSB  index of proximity to stability bound- I/R  ischemia/reperfusion ary Ir  immune response; iridium IPSC  inhibitory postsynaptic current ir  immunoreactive; intrarectal; intrarenal IPSC-E  Inventory of Psychic and Somatic IRA  ileorectal anastomosis; immunoradio- Complaints in the Elderly assay; immunoregulatory alpha-globulin; IPSF  immediate postsurgical fitting inactive renin activity; individual regression IPSID  immunoproliferative small intestine analysis; infarct-related artery; inwardly rec- disease tifying IPSP  inhibitory postsynaptic potential IR-ACTH  immunoreactive adrenocortico- IPSS  inferior petrosal sinus sampling; Inter- tropic hormone national Prostate Symptom Score IRAD  International Registry of Acute Aortic IPT  immunoperoxidase technique; immuno- Dissection precipitation; information processing theory; IrANP, ir-ANP  immunoreactive atrial na- interpersonal psychotherapy; isoniazid pre- triuretic peptide ventive therapy; isoproterenol IR-APAP  immediate release acetaminophen IPTG   isopropyl-β-thiogalactopyranoside; IRAR  Immunization Registry Annual Re- isopropyl thiogalactose port iPTH  immunoassay for parathyroid hor- IRAS  Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis mone; immunoreactive parathyroid hormone Study IPTT  Initiative for Pharmaceutical Technol- IR-AVP  immunoreactive arginine-vaso­ ogy Transfer pressin IPTX  intermittent pelvic traction IRB  immunoreactive bead; institutional re- IpTX  imperatoxin view board IpTxa  imperatoxin A IRBBB  incomplete right bundle branch IpTxi  imperatoxin I block IPU  inpatient unit IRBC  immature red blood cell; infected red IPV  inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine/virus; blood cell infectious pustular vaginitis; infectious pus- ir-BNP  immunoreactive brain natriuretic tular vulvovaginitis; interpersonal violence, peptide intimate partner violence; intrapulmonary IRBP  intestinal retinol-binding protein vein IRC  implant-related complications; inspira- IPW  interphalangeal width tory reserve capacity; instantaneous resonance IPZ  insulin protamine zinc curve; International Red Cross; International IQ  inhibitory quotient; institute of quality; Research Communications System intelligence quotient IRCA  intravascular red cell aggregation IQAS  internal quality assurance system IRCC  International Red Cross Committee IQB  individual quick blanch IRCU  intensive respiratory care unit IQCODE  information questionnaire on cog- IRD  infantile Refsum disease; isorhythmic nitive decline in the elderly dissociation IQOLA  International Quality of Life As- IrDA  infrared data association sessment IRDM  insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus IQR  interquartile range IRDP  insulin-related DNA polymorphism IQ&S  iron, quinine, and strychnine IRDS  idiopathic respiratory distress syn- IQW  interactive query workstation drome; infant respiratory distress syndrome  222 IRE  intelligent rules element; internal rota- insulin-releasing polypeptide; interstitial ra- tion in extension; iron regulatory element; diation pneumonitis; intraocular retinal pros- iron-responsive element; irreversible electro- thesis poration; isolated rabbit eye IRPA  International Radiation Protection As- IREBP  iron-responsive element binding sociation protein IRPA/INIRC  International Radiation Pro- IRED  infrared emission detection; infrared tection Association’s International Non- light-emitting diode Ionizing Radiation Committee IREE  infrared ray electronic endoscopy IRPTC  International Registry of Potentially IRES  internal ribosome entry site; ischemia Toxic Chemicals residua IRR  incident/rate ratio; insulin receptor– IRF  idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis; im- related receptor; intrarenal reflux pulse response function; installation response Irr  irradiation; irritation force; interferon regulatory factor; internal IRRD  Institute for Research in Rheumatic rotation in flexion Diseases IRFL  integral red fluorescence irreg  irregular, irregularity IRFPA  infrared focal plan array irrig  irrigate, irrigation IRG  immunoreactive gastrin; immunoreac- IRS  immunoreactive secretion; incident re- tive glucagon porting scheme; infrared sensor; infrared IRGH  immunoreactive growth hormone spectrophotometry; insulin receptor species; IRGl  immunoreactive glucagon insulin receptor substrate; insulin-related IRH  Institute for Research in Hypnosis; In- substrate; Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma stitute for Religion and Health; intrarenal Study; internal resolution site; International hemorrhage Rhinologic Society; Invasive Reperfusion IRHCS  immunoradio-assayable human cho- Study; ionizing radiation sensitivity rionic somatomammotropin IRS-1, -2  insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 IRhGH  immunoreactive human growth hor- IRSA  idiopathic refractory sideroblastic mone anemia; iodinated rat serum albumin IRhPL  immunoreactive human placental IRSE  inversion recovery spin-echo lactogen IRT  immunoreactive trypsin; interresponse IRI  immunoreactive insulin; [near]-infrared time; interstitial radiotherapy; intestinal re- interreactance; insulin resistance index placement therapy; item response theory IRIA  indirect radioimmunoassay IRTIS  Integrated Radiation Therapy Infor- IRIg  insulin-reactive immunoglobulin mation System IRIS  immune reconstitution inflammatory IRTO  immunoreactive trypsin output syndrome; Integrated Risk Information Sys- IRTU  integrating regulatory transcription tem; interleukin regulation of immune sys- unit tem; International Research Information IRU  industrial rehabilitation unit; interferon Service; Isostents for Reperfusion Interven- reference unit tion Study IRV  inferior radicular vein; inspiratory re- IRIV  immuno-potentiating reconstituted in- serve volume; intelligent radiology worksta- fluenza virosome; Irituia virus tion; inverse ratio ventilation IRK  inwardly rectifying potassium [chan- IrVd  Iresine viroid nel] IRW  intelligent radiology workstation IRLED, IR-LED  infrared light-emitting diode IRX  Information Retrieval Experimental IRM  industry reference material; informa- Workbench tion resource management; innate releasing IS  ileal segment; iliosacral; immediate sen- mechanism; insect resistance management; sitivity; immune serum; immunostaining; Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine immunosuppression; impingement syn- IRMA  immunoradiometric assay; intrareti- drome; incentive spirometer; index of sexual- nal microvascular abnormalities ity; infant size; infantile spasms; information iRNA  immune ribonucleic acid; informa- services; information system; infundibular tional ribonucleic acid septum; insertion sequence; in situ; insulin ir-NP  immunoreactive natriuretic peptide secretion; interaction site; intercellular space; IROS  intelligent robots and systems; ipsilat- intercostal space; interictal spike; interna- eral routing of signal tional standards; interstitial space; interven- IROX  iridium oxide tricular system; intracardiac shunt; IRP  immunoreactive plasma; immunoreac- intraspinal; intrasplenic; intrastriatal; intra- tive proinsulin; incus replacement prosthesis; ventricular septum; invalided from service;  223 inversion sequence; ischemic score; isopro- ISCL  integrated secure communication terenol layer I-S  incudostapedial ISCLT  International Society for Clinical Is  incision superius Laboratory Technology is  in situ; island; islet; isolated ISCM  International Society of Cybernetic ISA  ileosigmoid anastomosis; Information Medicine Science Abstracts; Instrument Society of ISCN  International System for Human Cy- America; Instrumentation, Systems, and  togenetic Nomenclature Automation Society; intracarotid sodium ISCO  immunostimulating complex [vac- amytal; intraoperative suture adjustment; in- cine]; Information System for Clinical On- trinsic simulating activity; intrinsic stimula- cology tion activity; intrinsic sympathomimetic ISCOAT  Italian Study on Complications of activity; iodinated serum albumin; irregular Oral Anticoagulant Therapy spiking activity ISCOM  immune stimulatory complexes in Isa  spatial average intensity [pulse] matrix ISAAA  International Service for the Acqui- ISCP  infection surveillance and control pro- sition of Agri-Biotech Applications gram; International Society of Comparative ISAAC  International Study of Asthma and Pathology Allergies in Childhood ISCVS  International Society for Cardiovas- ISADH  inappropriate secretion of antidi- cular Surgery uretic hormone ISCW  immunosuppression of streptococcal ISAGA  immunosorbent agglutination assay wall ISAM  indexed sequential access manager; ISD  immunosuppressive drug; implant sup- interferometric synthetic aperture microsco- port device; Information Services Division; py; Intravenous Streptokinase in Acute Myo- inhibited sexual desire; intermediate sulfate cardial Infarction [trial] domain; International Society of Dermatol- Isapa  spatial average, pulse average intensity ogy; interset distance; interstimulus distance; ISAPS  International Society of Aesthetic interventricular septal defect; isosorbide di- Plastic Surgery nitrate ISAR  individualizable drug-eluting stent ISDB  information source database system to abrogate restenosis; Intracoro- ISDN  integrated services digital network; nary Stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen  isosorbide dinitrate [trial] iSDR  inducible stable DNA replication Isata  spatial average, temporal average inten- ISE  inhibited sexual excitement; intelligent sity synthesis environment; International Society ISB  incentive spirometry breathing of Endocrinology; International Society of ISBI  International Society for Burn Injuries Endoscopy; inversion spin-echo pulse se- ISBP  International Society for Biochemical quence; ion-selective electrode Pharmacology ISEFT  ion-sensitive field-effect transistor ISBT  International Society for Blood Trans- ISEK  International Society of Electrophysi- fusion ology and Kinesiology ISC  immunoglobulin-secreting cells; infor- ISEM  immunosorbent electron microscopy mation system center; innerstrand crosslink; ISF  interstitial fluid insoluble collagen; intensive supportive care; ISFC  International Society and Federation of International Society of Cardiology; Interna- Cardiology tional Society of Chemotherapy; intershift ISFV  interstitial fluid volume; Isfahan virus coordination; interstitial cell; irreversibly ISG  Ibopamine Study Group [trial]; immune sickled cell serum globulin IS&C  image save and carry ISGE  International Society of Gastroenter- Isc  short circuit current ology ISCAB  Israeli Coronary Artery Bypass ISH  in situ hybridization; icteric serum hep- [study] atitis; internal self helper; International Soci- ISCAS  International Society for Computer- ety of Hematology; International Society of Aided Surgery Hypertension; isolated septal hypertrophy; ISCB  International Society for Computa- isolated systolic hypertension tional Biology ISHAM  International Society for Human ISCD  International Society for Clinical Den- and Animal Mycology sitometry ISHT  International Society for Heart Trans- ISCF  interstitial cell fluid plantation  224 ISHTAR  Implementing Secure Healthcare provider; interspace; interstitial pressure; in- Telematics Application traspinal; isoproterenol ISI  infarct size index; information science Isp  spatial peak intensity [pulse] innovations; initial slope index; injection ISPC  intermittent sequential pneumatic scan interval; injury severity index; Institute compression for Scientific Information; insulin sensitivity ISPCR  in situ polymerase chain reaction index; International Sensitivity Index; Inter- ISPI  integrated services protocol instrument national Standardized Index; interstimulus ISPN  International Society of Psychiatric- interval Mental Health Nurses ISIH  interspike interval histogram ISPO  International Society for Prosthetics ISIS  image-selected in vivo spectroscopy; and Orthotics imaging science and information system; In- ISPOCD  International Study of Postopera- formation Society Initiative for Standardiza- tive Cognitive Dysfunction tion; information system–imaging system; ISPOT  International Study of Perioperative integrated survey information system; intel- Transfusion ligent selection and imaging studies; interac- Ispta  spatial peak, temporal average intensity tive system for image selection; International Isppa  spatial peak, pulse average intensity Infarct Survival [Trial]; International Study ISPRM  International Society of Physical of Infarct Survival and Rehabilitation Medicine ISIS-2  Second International Infarct Survival ISPS  International Society of Pediatric Sur- [trial] gery ISIT  interactive simulation and identification ISPT  interspecies ovum penetration test tool isq  unchanged [Lat. in status quo] ISKDC  International Study of Kidney Dis- ISR  image service representative; informa- eases in Childhood tion storage and retrieval; injection site reac- ISKV  Issyl-Kul virus tion; Institute for Sex Research; Institute of ISL  inner scapular line; instrumental spatial Surgical Research; insulin secretion rate; in- linkage; International Society of Lympholo- telligent stroke registry; International Sani- gy; interspinous ligament; isoleucine tary Regulations ISLAND  Infant Size Limitation: Acute ISRE  interferon-stimulated response element N-Acetylcysteine Defense [trial] ISRI  Information Science Research Institute ISLAV  Isla Vista virus ISRM  International Society of Reproductive ISM  industrial-scientific-medical; Informa- Medicine tion Source Map; International Society of ISRT  involved site radiation therapy Microbiologists; intersegmental muscle ISS  idiopathic short stature; immunostimu- ISMB  Intelligent System for Molecular Bi- latory sequence; infantile sialic acid storage ology [disease]; inferior sagittal sinus; injury sever- ISMED  International Society on Metabolic ity scale; injury severity score; instructional Eye Disease support services; International Society of ISMH  International Society of Medical Hy- Surgery; invasive surgical staging; ion- drology and Climatology scattering spectroscopy; ion surface scatter- ISMHO  International Society for Mental ing; isotonic saline solution Health Online ISSCBW  Inter-Service Sub-Committee on ISMN  isosorbide mononitrate Biological Warfare ISN  integrated service network; Interna- ISSD  infantile sialic acid storage disease tional Society of Nephrology; International ISSHP  International Society for the Study of Society of Neurochemistry Hypertension in Pregnancy ISNCC  International Society of Nurses in ISSI  interspinous surgical staging; interview Cancer Care schedule for social interaction; Israeli Study ISO  incident safety officer; International of Surgical Infections Organization for Standardization; isoprena- ISSIR  International Society of Sexual and line Impotence Research iso  isoproterenol; isotropic ISSM  International Society for Sexual Med- ISOBM  International Society for Oncode- icine velopmental Biology and Medicine ISSN  international standard serial number isol  isolated, isolation ISSX  International Society for the Study of isom  isometric Xenobiotics ISP  distance between iliac spines; interna- IST  inappropriate sinus tachycardia; insulin tional standardized profile; Internet service sensitivity test; insulin shock therapy;   225 International Society on Toxicology; Interna- ITCP  idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura tional Stroke Trial; isometric systolic tension ITCVD  ischemic thrombotic cerebrovascu- IS&T  Society for Imaging Science and Tech- lar disease nology ITD  idiopathic torsion dystonia; intensely ISTAHC  International Society of Technolo- transfused dialysis; intratypic differentiation; gy Assessment in Healthcare iodothyronine deiodinase ISTC  [Department of] Industry, Science, and ITE  information technology equipment; in- Technology of Canada sufficient therapeutic effect; in the ear  ISTD  International Society of Tropical Der- [hearing aid]; in-training examination; intra- matology pulmonary interstitial emphysema ISTM  International Society of Travel Medi- ITEA  intermittent thoracic epidural anesthe- cine sia ISTU  isometric strength testing unit ITEM  information and communication tech- ISU  International Society of Urology nology for medicine I-sub  inhibitor substance IT-ESD  insulation-tipped (diathermic knife) ISUP  International Society of Urological endoscopic submucosal dissection Pathology ITET  isotonic endurance test ISV  integrated simulation and verification ITF  Interagency Tack Force; interferon; in- ISVP  infectious subviral particle; intermedi- testinal trefoil factor ate subviral particle ITFS  iliotibial tract friction syndrome; in- ISW  interstitial water complete testicular feminization syndrome ISWI  incisional surgical wound infection ITG  integrin ISY  intrasynovial ITGA  integrin alpha IT  iliotibial; immunologic test; immunother- ITGB  integrin beta apy; immunotoxin; implantation test; indi- ITH  interstitial hyperthermia vidual therapy; inferior turbinate; information ITh, ith  intrathecal technology; inhalation test; inhalation thera- IThP  intrathyroidal parathyroid py; injection time; insulin therapy; intensive ITI  immunotolerance induction; inter-alpha- therapy; intentional tremor; intermittent trac- trypsin inhibitor; International Trachoma Ini- tion; internal telomere; interstitial tissue; in- tiative; intertrial interval tradermal test; intratesticular; intrathecal; ITIH2  inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, heavy intrathoracic; intratracheal; intratracheal chain 2 tube; intratuberous; intratumoral; ischial tu- ITIL  inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, light chain berosity; isolation transformer; isomeric ITIM  immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhi- transition bition motif I/T  information technology; intensity/time ITIV  Itimirim virus I&T  intolerance and toxicity ITL  information technology laboratory I-T  interrupter technique ITLC  instant thin-layer chromatography IT2  Internet technology for the twenty-first ITM  improved Thayer-Martin [medium]; in- century termediate transient memory; intrathecal ITA  inferior temporal artery; information methotrexate; Israel turkey meningoencepha- transmission analysis; internal thoracic ar- litis tery; International Tuberculosis Association ITMTX  intrathecal methotrexate Ita  temporal average intensity ITO  indium tin oxide ITAM  immunoreceptor tyrosine activation I(to)  transient outward current motif ITOU  intensive therapy observation unit ITAV  Itaituba virus ITP  idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; ITB  iliotibial band immune thrombocytopenia; immunogenic ITBS  iliotibial band syndrome thrombocytopenic purpura; increased torque ITC  imidazolyl-thioguanine chemotherapy; production; individualized treatment plan; infant toddler checklist; inferior temporal inosine triphosphate; inositol 1,4,5-triphos- cortex; information and communication tech- phate; islet cell tumor of the pancreas; iso- nology; Interagency Testing Committee; in tachophoresis the canal [hearing aid]; intrathecal chemo- Itp  temporal peak intensity therapy; intratubular fluid concentration; iso- ITPA  Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abili- thermal titration calorimetry; isothiocyanate ties; inosine triphosphatase ITc  International Table calorie ITPASMT  International Tissue Plasminogen ITCM  information technology for crises Activator/Streptokinase Mortality Trial management teams ITPK  inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-3-kinase  226 ITPKA  inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-3-kinase A IUM  internal urethral meatus; intrauterine ITPKB  inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-3-kinase B [fetus], malnourished; intrauterine mem- ITPR  inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor brane ITPV  intratracheal pulmonary ventilation; IU/min  international units per minute Itaporanga virus IUMS  International Union of Microbiologi- ITQ  inferior temporal quadrant cal Societies ITQV  Itaqui virus IUP  intrauterine pregnancy; intrauterine ITR  intraocular tension recorder; intratra- pressure cheal; inverted terminal repeat; isotretinoin IUPAC  International Union of Pure and Ap- ITRA  itraconazole plied Chemistry ITRI  Inhalation Toxicology Research Insti- IUPAP  International Union of Pure and Ap- tute plied Physics ITS  infective toxic shock; insulin-transferrin- IUPAT  intrauterine pregnancy at term selenium; intelligent tutoring system; Inter- IUPD  intrauterine pregnancy delivered national Twin Study; Israeli Thrombolytic IUPESM  International Union for Physical Survey and Engineering Sciences in Medicine ITSHD  isolated thyroid-stimulating hor- IUPHAR  International Union of Basic and mone deficiency Clinical Pharmacology ITT  insulin tolerance test; intent to treat; in- IUPS  International Union of Physiological ternal tibial torsion Sciences IT&T  information technology and telematics IUPTB  intrauterine pregnancy, term birth ITU  intensive therapy unit; International IURES  International Union of Reticuloendo- Telecommunication Union; international thelial Societies toxic unit IUT  intrauterine transfusion ITUV  Itupiranga virus IUVDT  International Union against Venereal ITV  inferior temporal vein Diseases and the Treponematoses ITx  intestinal transplantation IV  endometrial carcinoma extending outside ITZ  itraconazole the true pelvis or involving the bladder  IU  immunizing unit; infection unit; integral and rectum; ichnovirus; ichthyosis vulgaris; uniformity; international unit; intrauterine; in immunodeficiency virus; initial visit; inter- utero; 5-iodouracil ventricular; intervertebral; intravaginal; in- iu  infectious unit travascular; intravenous; intraventricular; IUA  intrauterine adhesions intravertebral; invasive; in vivo; in vitro; in- IUAT  International Union Against Tubercu- volvement of one or more extralymphatic losis organs [staging system for Hodgkin disease]; IUATLD  International Union Against Tuber- iodine value; iridescent virus; iridovirus; iso- culosis and Lung Disease metric virus; symbol for class 4 controlled IUB  International Union of Biochemistry substances IUBMB  International Union of Biochemis- iv  intravascular; intravenous try and Molecular Biology IVA  interpretative value analysis; intraop- IUBS  International Union of Biological Sci- erative vascular angiography; isovaleric acid ences IVa  endometrial carcinoma spreading to ad- IUC  idiopathic ulcerative colitis; intrauter- jacent organs; vaginal carcinoma with metas- ine catheter; inward unidirectional current tases to adjacent organs IUCD  intrauterine contraceptive device IVACG  International Vitamin A Consulta- IUD  intrauterine death; intrauterine device tive Group IUDR, IUdR  iodeoxyuridine IVAP  in vivo adhesive platelet IUF  isolated ultrafiltration IVAS  intracorporeal ventricular assist sys- IUFB  intrauterine foreign body tem IUG  infusion urogram; intrauterine gas; in- IVB  intraventricular block trauterine growth IVb  endometrial carcinoma spreading to IUGR  intrauterine growth rate; intrauterine distant organs; vaginal carcinoma with me- growth retardation tastases to distant organs IUHPE  International Union for Health Pro- IVBAT  intravascular bronchioalveolar motion and Education tumor IUI  intrauterine insemination IVBC  intravascular blood coagulation IUIS  International Union of Immunological IVC  inferior vena cava; inspiratory vital Societies capacity; integrated vector control; intra­ IU/L  international units per liter vaginal culture; intravascular coagulation;  227 intravenous cholangiogram, intravenous IVPB  intravenous piggyback cholangiography; intraventricular catheter IVPF  isovolume pressure flow curve IVCC  intravascular consumption coagulopa- IVPSB  International Veterinary Pathology thy Slide Bank IVCD  intraventricular conduction defect IVR  idioventricular rhythm; interactive IVCH  intravenous cholangiography voice response; intravaginal ring; isolated IVC-LA  inferior vena cava and left atrium volume responder IVCP  inferior vena cava pressure IVRA  intravenous regional anesthesia IVCR  inferior vena cava reconstruction IVRS  interactive voice response system IVCT  inferior vena cava thrombosis; intrave- IVRT  isovolumic relaxation time nously enhanced computed tomography IVS  inappropriate vasopressin secretion; in- IVCV  inferior venacavography; Ivy vein tervening sequence; interventricular septum; clearing virus intervillous space IVD  intervertebral disk; in vitro diagnostic IVSA  International Veterinary Students As- device sociation IVDA/IVDU  intravenous drug abuse/ IVSCT  in vitro skin corrosivity test abuser—intravenous drug use/user IVSD  interventricular septal defect; intra- IVDMIA  in vitro diagnostic multivariate ventricular septum in diastole index assay IVSR-UC  intravenous steroids–ulcerative iVDPV  immunodeficiency-associated vac- colitis cine-derived poliovirus IVST  intraventricular septal thickness IVDSA  intravenous digital subtraction angi- IVT  index of vertical transmission; interven- ography tional video tomography; interventricular IVET  in vivo expression technology trigone; intrasound vibration test; intraven­ IVF  interventricular foramen; intervertebral ous transfusion; intraventricular; in vitro tet- foramen; intravascular fluid; intravenous raploidy; isovolumetric time fluid; in vitro fertilization IVTT  in vitro transcription and translation IVFA  intravenous fluorescein angiography IVTTT  intravenous tolbutamide tolerance IVF-ET  in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer test IVGG  intravenous gammaglobulin IVU  intravenous urography IVGTT  intravenous glucose tolerance test IVUS  intravascular ultrasound IVH  intravenous hyperalimentation; intra- IVUS/QCA  Intravascular Ultrasound Quan- ventricular hemorrhage; in vitro hyperploidy titative Coronary Angiography [study] IVI  intravenous infusion IVV  influenza virus vaccine; intravenous IVIG, IVIg, ivIG  intravenous immunoglob- vasopressin ulin IVW  image-viewing workstation IVISTAT  Intravenous Immunoglobulin or IW  inner wall; inpatient ward; input word Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim as Addi- IWB  indeterminate Western blot [test]; tional Therapy for Systemic Vasculitis index of well-being [study] IWGMT  International Working Group on IVJC  intervertebral joint complex Mycobacterial Taxonomy IVL  intravascular lymphomatosis; involu- IWHRC  Internet World Health Research crin Center I-VLBW  intubated very low birthweight IWHS  Iowa Women’s Health Study IVM  intravascular mass; in vitro maturation IWI  inferior wall infarction; interwave inter- IVMG  intravenous magnesium sulfate val IVMP  intravenous methylprednisolone IWL  insensible water loss; interwave latency IVN  intravenous nutrition IWMI  inferior wall myocardial infarct IVNA  in vivo neutron activation IWPS  info-window presentation system IVNAA  in vivo neutron activation analysis IWRP  Individualized Written Rehabilitation IVNR  interventional neuroradiology Program IVOTTS  Irvine viable organ–tissue transport IWS  Index of Work Satisfaction system IXDB  X Chromosome Integrated Database IVOX  intravascular oxygenator IYW  weighted incremental yield IVP  intravenous push; intravenous pyelo- IZ  infarction zone gram, intravenous pyelography; intraven- tricular pressure; intravertebral vacuum phenomenon  228 JCAE  Joint Committee on Atomic Energy J JCAH  Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals JCAHO  Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations obsolete JCAI  Joint Council of Allergy and Immu- nology JCC  Joint Committee on Contraception J  dynamic movement of inertia; electric JCD  Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease current density; flux density; joint; joule; JcDNV  Junonia coenia densovirus journal; juvenile; juxtapulmonary-capillary JCF  juvenile calcaneal fracture receptor; magnetic polarization; polypeptide JCM  Japanese Collection of Microorgan- chain in polymeric immunoglobulins; refer- isms ence point following the QRS complex, at the JCML  juvenile chronic myelogenous leuke- beginning of the ST segment [ECG]; sound mia intensity JCN  Jefferson Cancer Network J  flux JCP  juvenile chronic polyarthritis j  jaundice JCPyV  JC polyomavirus JA  jet area; judgment analysis; juvenile at- JCQ  job contentment questionnaire rophy; juxtaarticular JCRB  Japanese Collection of Research Bio- JACADS  Johnston Atoll chemical agent de- resources struction system jct  junction JACV  Jacareacanga virus JCV  Jakob-Creutzfeldt virus; Jamestown JAE  juvenile absence epilepsy Canyon virus JAHIS  Japanese Association of Healthcare JD  jejunal diverticulitis; juvenile diabetes Information System JDF  Juvenile Diabetes Foundation JAI  juvenile amaurotic idiocy JDM  juvenile diabetes mellitus JAK  Janus kinase JDMS  juvenile dermatomyositis JAK-STAT  Janus kinase signal transducers JDRF  Juvenile Diabetes Research Founda- and activators of transcription tion International JAM  junction-associated membrane JDV  Juan Diaz virus JAMA  Journal of the American Medical As- JE  Japanese encephalitis; junctional escape sociation JEB  junctional epidermolysis bullosa JAMG  juvenile autoimmune myasthenia JECFA  Joint Expert Committee on Food Ad- gravis ditives JAMIA  Journal of the American Medical JEE  Japanese equine encephalitis Informatics Association Jej, jej  jejunum JaMSPUK  Japanese Multicenter Study for JEMBEC  agar plates for transporting cul- Pro-Urokinase tures of gonococci JAMV  Jamanxi virus JER  junctional escape rhythm JAN  Japanese accepted name JES  junkies, ex-users, substitute drug users JANET  Joint Academic Network JET  joint engineering team; junctional ecto- JAPV  Japanaut virus pic tachycardia JARIV  Jari virus JEV  Japanese encephalitis virus JAS  Jenkins Activity Survey; juvenile anky- JF  joint fluid; jugular foramen; junctional losing spondylitis fold JASTRO  Japanese Society for Therapeutic JFET  junction field effect transistor Radiology and Oncology JFS  jugular foramen syndrome jaund  jaundice JG, jg  juxtaglomerular JAV  Johnston Atoll virus JGA  juxtaglomerular apparatus JB  jugular bulb JGC  juxtaglomerular cell JBE  Japanese B encephalitis JGCT  juvenile granulosa cell tumor; juxta- JBS  Johanson-Blizzard syndrome glomerular cell tumor JC  Jakob-Creutzfeldt; joint contracture JGI  jejunogastric intussusception; juxtaglo- J/C  joules per coulomb merular granulation index jc  juice JGP  juvenile general paresis JCA  juvenile chronic arthritis JH  jet height; juvenile hormone JCAAI  Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and JH  heat transfer factor Immunology JHA  juvenile hormone analogue  229 JHITA  Joint Healthcare Information Tech- JOC  joint operations center nology Association JOD  juvenile-onset diabetes JHMO  junior hospital medical officer JODM  juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus JHPS  Johns Hopkins Precursors Study JOIV  Joinjakaka virus JHR  Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction JOR  jaw opening response JI  jejunoileal; jejunoileitis; jejunoileostomy JOS  jaw osteosarcoma JIA  juvenile idiopathic arthritis jour  journal JIB  jejunoileal bypass JP  Jackson-Pratt [drain]; Japanese Pharma- JIC  joint information center copeia; joining peptide; juvenile periodon- JIFSAN  Joint Institute for Food Safety and titis Applied Nutrition JPA  juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma JIH  joint interval histogram JPB  junctional premature beat JIMI  Japanese Intervention Trial in Myocar- JPC  junctional premature contraction dial Infarction JPD  juvenile plantar dermatosis JIPID  Japan International Protein Informa- JPEG  Joint Photographic Experts Group tion Center JPI  Jackson Personality Inventory JIS  Japanese industrial standard; juvenile JPN  Journal of Psychosocial Nursing idiopathic scoliosis JPS  Japanese Pancreatic Society; joint posi- JISC  Joint Information Systems Committee tion sense JIT  just-in-time JPSTH  joint peristimulus histogram JJ  jaw jerk; jejunojejunostomy JR  Jolly reaction; junctional rhythm J/K  joules per kelvin JRA  juvenile rheumatoid arthritis J/kg  joules per kilogram JRC-CVT  Joint Review Committee on Edu- JL  jet length cation in Cardiovascular Technology J-LN  Jervell and Lange-Nielsen [syndrome] JRC-DMS  Joint Review Committee on Di- JLO  judgment of line orientation agnostic Medical Sonography JLP  juvenile laryngeal papilloma JRC/EMT  Joint Review Committee for JLRCPS  Jerusalem Lipid Research Clinic Emergency Medical Technicians Prevalence Study JROM  joint range of motion JMD  juvenile macular degeneration JRT  junctional recovery time JME  juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; juvenile JS  jejunal segment; Job syndrome; junc- myoclonus epilepsy tional slowing JMHTS  Japanese Society of Multiphasic J/s  joules per second Health Testing and Service JSAIR  Japanese Society of Angiography J-MIX  Japanese medical record information and Interventional Radiology exchange JSATO2  jugular vein oxygen saturation JMS  Juberg-Marsidi syndrome; junior med- JSDN  Japan Standardized Disease Names ical student JSLIST  joint service lightweight integrated JMWH  Journal of Midwifery and Women’s suit technology Health JSP  Java server pages JN  Jamaican neuropathy JSRT  Japanese Society of Radiologic Tech- Jn  junction nology JNA  Jena Nomina Anatomica JSRV  Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus JNC  Joint National Committee JSV  Jerry-Slough virus JNC-V  Fifth Report of the Joint National JT  jejunostomy tube; junctional tachycardia Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and J/T  joules per tesla Treatment of High Blood Pressure jt  joint JNC-VI  Sixth Report of the Joint National JTPS  juvenile tropical pancreatitis syn- Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and drome Treatment of High Blood Pressure Ju  jugale JND  just noticeable difference JUA  Joint Underwriting Association JNK  Jun N-terminal kinase jug  jugular JNP  Jadassohn nevus phakomatosis JUGV  Jugra virus JNPA  juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofi­ junct  junction broma JUNV  Junin virus JNPV  juncopox virus JURV  Jurona virus jnt  joint JUTV  Jutiapa virus JOAG  juvenile open-angle glaucoma juv  juvenile JOAV  Joa virus juxt  near [Lat. juxta]  230 JV  jugular vein; Junin virus JVPT  jugular venous pulse tracing JVC  jugular venous catheter JWG  joint working group JVD  jugular venous distension JWS  Jackson-Weiss syndrome JVP  jugular vein pulse; jugular venous pres- Jx  junction sure; jugular venous pulsations JXG  juvenile xanthogranuloma  231 KAMV  Kamese virus K kan  kanamycin KanR, kanr  kanamycin resistance KANV  Kannamangalam virus KAO  knee-ankle orthosis KAP  knowledge, attitudes, and practice kappa  a light chain of human immuno- K  absolute zero; burst of diphasic slow globulins waves in response to stimuli during sleep KAPS  Kuopio Atherosclerosis Prevention [EEG]; capsular antigen [Ger. Kapsel, cap- Study sule]; carrying capacity; cathode; coefficient; KARV  Karimabad virus constant; constant improvement factor; elec- KAS  Katz Adjustment Scales; Kennedy- tron capture; electrostatic capacity; equilib- Alter-Sung [syndrome] rium constant; ionization constant; kallikrein KASV  Kasba virus; Kasokero virus inhibiting unit; kanamycin; Kell factor; kel- KAT  kanamycin acetyltransferase; knowl- vin; kerma; kidney; Kilham [virus]; killer edge acquisition tool; Kuopio Angioplasty [cell]; kilo-; kilodalton; kinetic energy; Kleb- Gene Transfer Trial siella; knee; lysine; modulus of compression; kat  katal number 1024 in computer core memory; po- kat/L, kat/l  katals per liter tassium [Lat. kalium]; uppercase Greek letter KATP  adenosine triphosphate potassium kappa; vitamin K channel κ  lowercase Greek letter kappa; magnetic KAU  King-Armstrong unit suscep­tibility KaV  Kawino virus K1  phylloquinone KB  human oral epidermoid carcinoma cells; K1, K2  empirical Rohrer constants Kashin-Bek [disease]; ketone body; kilobase; K4  fourth Korotkoff sound kilobyte; Kleihauer-Betke [test]; knee brace; K5  fifth Korotkoff sound knowledge base 17-K  17-ketosteroid K-B  Kleihauer-Betke [test]; Kuo-Bean [model] k  Boltzmann constant; constant; kilo; ki- Kb  kilobit lohm Kb  base ionization constant; binding con- KA  alkaline phosphatase; kainic acid; kera- stant toacanthoma; keto acid; ketoacidosis; King- kb  kilobase; kilobyte Armstrong [unit]; knowledge acquisition; KBD  knowledge base dictionary knowledge aggregate KBG  syndrome of multiple abnormalities K/A  ketogenic/antiketogenic ratio [original patient’s initials] KA  association constant KBI  knowledge-based information Ka  cathode KBM  knowledge base manager Ka  absorption rate constant; acid ionization kbp  kilobase pair constant; affinity constant; association con- Kbps  kilobits per second stant kBq  kilobecquerel kA  kiloampere KBS  Klüver-Bucy syndrome; knowledge- ka  cathode based system KAAD  kerosene, alcohol, acetic acid, and KBTA  knowledge-based temporal abstrac- dioxane tion KAAS  Keele assessment of auditory style KBV  Kachemak Bay virus KABC  Kaufman Assessment Battery for KC  cathodal closing; keratoconjunctivitis; Children keratoconus; knee-to-chest; Kupffer cell KADV  Kadam virus kC  kilocoulomb KAF  conglutinogen-activating factor; killer- kc  kilocycle assisting factor; kinase activating factor K Cal, Kcal, kcal  kilocalorie KAFO  knee-ankle-foot orthosis KCC  cathodal closing contraction; Kulchitz- KAIV  Kaikalur virus ky cell carcinoma KAL  Kallmann [syndrome] KCCT  kaolin-cephalin clotting time KAL1  Kallmann gene KCD  kinostatic change detector KALP  Kallmann pseudogene K cell  killer cell KAMI  Koch Acute Myocardial Infarction KCF  key clinical finding [study] KCG  kinetocardiogram KAMIT  Kentucky Acute Myocardial Infarc- kCi  kilocurie tion Trial KCl  potassium chloride  232 KCO  transfer coefficient KETV  Ketapang virus KCP  knowledge, concern, and first-aid prac- KEUV  Keuraliba virus tices keV  kiloelectron volt kcps  kilocycles per second KEYV  Keystone virus KCS  Kenny-Caffey syndrome; keratocon- KF  Kayser-Fleischer [rings]; Kenner fecal junctivitis sicca medium; kidney function; Klippel-Feil [syn- kc/s  kilocycles per second drome]; knowledge finder KCSS  Keio Cooperative Stroke Study K-F  Kayser-Fleischer [rings] KCT, KCTe  cathodal closing tetanus; kaolin Kf  Klenow fragment clotting time kf  flocculation rate in antigen-antibody re- KCTe  cathodal closing tetanus action; kilogram force KCV  Kern Canyon virus KFAB  kidney-fixing antibody KD  cathodal duration; Kawasaki disease; KFAO  knee-foot-ankle orthosis Kennedy disease; killed; Krabbe disease KFC  Ketanserin for Carcinoid [trial]; Ketan- KD  dissociation constant serin on Fibroblast Culture [study] Kd  degradation constant; dissociation con- Kfc  filtration coefficient stant; distribution coefficient; partition coef- KFD  Kyasanur forest disease ficient KFDV  Kyasanur Forest disease virus kd, kDa  kilodalton KFR  Kayser-Fleischer ring KDA  known drug allergies KFS  Klippel-Feil syndrome KDAPPIMT  Kawasaki Disease Aneurysm KFSD  keratosis follicularis spinulosa decal- Prevention Protocol and Italian Multicenter vans Trial KG  ketoglutarate; knowledge graph KDB  kinase insert domain; knowledge data- kG  kilogauss base kg  kilogram KDC  kidney disease treatment center KG-1  Koeffler Golde-1 [cell line] KDD  knowledge discovery in databases kg-cal  kilocalorie KDD-R  knowledge discovery in databases kg/cm2  kilogram per square centimeter using rough sets KGD  ketoglutarate dehydrogenase KDI  knowledge and distributed intelligence KGF  keratocyte growth factor kdn  kidney kgf  kilogram force KDNA  kinetoblast deoxyribonucleic acid KGFR  keratocyte growth factor receptor KDO  ketodeoxyoctonate kg/L  kilograms per liter KDOQI  Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality KGM  keratinocyte growth medium Initiative kg-m  kilogram-meter KDS  Kaufman Developmental Scale; King- kg/m  kilograms per meter Denborough syndrome; knowledge data sys- kg-m/s2  kilogram-meter per second squared tem; Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne [syndrome]; Kgn  kininogen Kupfer-Detre system kgps  kilograms per second KDT  cathodal duration tetanus 17-KGS  17-ketogenic steroid KDV  Kadipiro virus KGS  ketogenic steroid kdyn  kilodyne KH  K-homologous; K-homology; Krebs- KE  Kendall compound E; kethoxal; kinetic Henseleit [buffer] energy; Krining estimator K24H  potassium, urinary 24-hour Ke  exchangeable body potassium KHAV  Khabarovsk virus; Kharagysh virus; KED  Kendrick extrication device Khasan virus KEDS  Kids Eating Disorder Survey KHB  Krebs-Henseleit buffer KEDV  Kedougou virus KHb  potassium hemoglobinate Kel  elimination constant KHC  kinetic hemolysis curve Kem  elimination rate constant KHD  kinky hair disease KEMRI  Kenyan Medical Research Institute KHF  Korean hemorrhagic fever KEMV  Kemerovo virus KHM  keratoderma hereditaria mutilans KENV  Kenai virus KHN  Knoop hardness number Kera  keratitis KHP  King’s Honorary Physician KERMA  kinetic energy released per unit KHS  King’s Honorary Surgeon; kinky hair mass syndrome; Krebs-Henseleit solution KERV  Kentucky equine respiratory virus kHz  kilohertz KESS  Knowles-Eccersley-Scott Symptom KI  karyopyknotic index; Krönig’s isthmus; [questionnaire] potassium iodide  233 KIA  Kligler iron agar KLV  Kalanchoe latent virus KIC  ketoisocaproate; ketoisocaproic acid KM  kanamycin; knowledge management; KICB  killed intracellular bacteria knowledge map KID  keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness [syn- Km  Michaelis-Menten constant drome]; kinase insert domain km  kilometer KIDI  knowledge of infant development in- km  metabolic constant ventory km2  square kilometer KIF  knowledge information format; knowl- KMC  K-means clustering analysis edge interchange format kMc  kilomegacycle KIHD  Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk K-MCM  potassium-containing minimum Factor Study capacitation medium kilo  kilogram kMc/s  kilomegacycles per second KIMSA  Kirsten murine sarcoma KMEF  keratin, myosin, epidermin, and fibrin KIMSV, KiMSV  Kirsten murine sarcoma kmps  kilometers per second virus KMPV  Kammavanpettai virus KIMV  Kimberley virus KmR  kanamycin residue KIN  keratinocytic intraepidermal neoplasia KMS  kabuki make-up syndrome; knowl- KIND  Kyushu University Hospital Informa- edge management system; kwashiorkor- tion Network Database marasmus syndrome KINDS  Kinmen Neurologic Disorders Survey K-MSV  Kirsten murine sarcoma virus KINV  Kindia virus KMV  killed measles virus vaccine KIP  key intermediary protein KN  knowledge networking KiP  kilopascal Kn  kanamycin; knee; Knudsen number KIPS  key indicators, probes, and scoring kN  kilonewton method kn  knee KIR  killer immunoglobulin receptor; killer- K nail  Küntscher nail cell immunoglobulin-like receptor KNG  kininogen Kir  inward rectified potassium [channel] KNN  K-nearest neighbor; Kohonen neural KIRA  kinase receptor activation network KISS  keep it simple and safe; keep it simple, k-NN  K-nearest neighbor stupid; key integrative social system; Kobe KnoME  knowledge management environ- Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy Survival Study; ment saturated solution of potassium iodide KNRK  Kirsten sarcoma virus in normal rat KIST  Korea Institute of Science and Tech- kidney nology KNS  kinesin KISV  Kismayo virus KNSL  kinesin-like KIT  Kahn Intelligence Test KO  keep on; keep open; killed organism; KIU  kallikrein inactivation unit knee orthosis; knockout KIVA  keto isovaleric acid kΩ  kilohm KJ, kj  knee jerk KOC  cathodal opening contraction kJ  kilojoule KO-DMEM  Knockout Dulbecco Modified KK  knee kick Eagle Medium kkat  kilokatal koff  off-rate constant KKS  kallikrein-kinin system KOH  potassium hydroxide KKV  Kaeng Khoi virus KOKV  Kokobera virus KL  Karhunen-Loéve [transform]; kidney KOL  key opinion leader lobe; Kit ligand; Klebs-Loeffler [bacillus]; KOLV  Kolongo virus Kleine-Levin [syndrome] KOOLV  Koolpinyah virus kl  kiloliter KOOV  Koongol virus KLAV  Klamath virus KOR  keep-open rate KLC  Karhunen-Loève coefficient KOPS  thousand operations per second Klebs  Klebsiella KOTV  Kotonkan virus KLH  keyhole limpet hemocyanin KOUV  Koutango virus KLK  kallikrein KOWV  Kowanyama virus KLKR  kallikrein KP  Kaufmann-Peterson [base]; keratitic KLM  killed Mycobacterium precipitate; keratitis punctata; kidney pro- KLS  kidneys, liver, and spleen; Kreuzbein tein; killed parenteral [vaccine]; Klebsiella lipomatous syndrome pneumoniae KLT  Karhunen-Loève transform Kp  partition coefficient  234 kPa  kilopascal KSIV  Karshi virus kPa·s/l, kPa·s/L  kilopascal seconds per KS/OI  Kaposi sarcoma with opportunistic liter infection KPB  ketophenylbutazone; potassium phos- KSOM  Kohonen’s self-organizing map phate buffer KSOV  Kaisodi virus KPC  keratoconus posticus circumscriptus KSP  Karolinska Scales of Personality; KPD  kidney paired donation kidney-specific protein; kinesin spindle  KPE  Kelman pharmacoemulsification protein KPI  kallikrein-protease inhibitor; karyopyk- Ksp  solubility product notic index 17-KSR  17-ketosteroid reductase kpm  kilopodometer KSS  Kearns-Sayre syndrome; Kearns- KPR  key pulse rate Sayre-Shy [syndrome]; Knee Society Score; KPS  Karnofsky Performance Status knowledge source server KPT  kidney punch test KSS0  knowledge support system zero KPTI  Kunitz pancreatic trypsin inhibitor KST  cathodal closing tetanus; kallistatin KPTT  kaolin partial thromboplastin time KSV  Kao Shuan virus KPV  kangaroo poxvirus; key process vari- KT  kidney transplant, kidney transplanta- able; killed parenteral vaccine; killed polio tion; kinesiotherapist; kinesiotherapy vaccine Kt  turnover rate constant KPWIN  KnowledgePro for Windows KTA  kidney transplant alone KPyV  Kilham polyomavirus KTI  kallikrein-trypsin inhibitor KQC  key quality characteristics KTM  Kops-Tissot-Monro [mask] KQML  knowledge query and manipulation KTRV  Keterah virus language KTS  Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome KR  key ridge; knowledge representation; KTSA  Kahn test of symbol arrangement Kopper-Reppart [medium] KTU  knowledge transfer and utilization Kr  krypton KTW, KTWS Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber kR  kiloroentgen [syndrome] KRAS, KRas  V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sar­ KTX  kaliotoxin coma KTx  kidney transplant KRB  Krebs-Ringer buffer KU  kallikrein unit; Karmen unit KRBG  Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer Ku  kurchatovium; Peltz factor with glucose Ku  urinary rate coefficient KRBS  Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution kUA/L  kilounits of antibody per liter KRDU  Knowledge Resources Development KUB  kidneys and upper bladder; kidneys, Unit ureters, and bladder KRIS  Kaunas-Rotterdam Intervention Study KUf  ultrafiltration coefficient KRIV  Kairi virus KUMIS  Kumamoto University Myocardial KRP  Kolmer test with Reiter protein [anti- Infarction Study gen]; Krebs-Ringer phosphate KUN  Kunjin [virus] KRR  knowledge representation and rea­ KUNV  Kunjin virus soning KUS  kidney, ureter, spleen KRRS  kinetic resonance Raman spectros- KV  kanamycin and vancomycin; kidney copy vacuolating virus; killed vaccine KRS  knowledge representation syntax Kv  voltage-gated potassium [channel] KRT  keratin kV, kv  kilovolt KRV  Kilham rat virus kVA  kilovolt-ampere KS  Kabuki syndrome; Kallmann syndrome; kvar  kilovar Kaposi sarcoma; Kartagener syndrome;  KVBA  kanamycin-vancomycin blood agar Kawasaki syndrome; keratan sulfate; keto- kVcp, kvcp  kilovolt constant potential steroid; Klinefelter syndrome; Korsakoff KVE  Kaposi varicelliform eruption syndrome; Kozhevnikov syndrome; Kveim- KVLBA  kanamycin-vancomycin laked blood Siltzbach [test] agar 17-KS  17-ketosteroid KVO  keep vein open K-S  Kearns-Sayre [syndrome] kVp, kvp  kilovolt peak ks  kilosecond KW  Keith-Wagener [finding]; Kimmelstiel- KSC  cathodal closing contraction Wilson [syndrome]; Kugelberg-Welander KSHV  Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpes­ [syndrome] virus kW, kw  kilowatt  235 Kw  weighted kappa KWord  32-bit word Kw  dissociation constant of water KWS  Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome; Kugel- KWAV  Kwatta virus berg-Welander syndrome KWB  Keith-Wagener-Barker [classifica- K-XRF  K x-ray fluorescence tion] KYCS  Kiryat Yovel Community Study KWD  Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease KYN  kynurenic acid KWE  Kumar-Welti-Ernst [method] KYN-OH  kynurenine-3-hydroxylase kWh, kW-hr, kw-hr  kilowatt-hour KYSMI  Kyoto Shiga Myocardial Infarction KWIC  key word in context [study] K wire  Kirschner wire KZ  ketoconazole  236 L&A  light and accommodation; living and L active L/A  liver/aorta LA50  total body surface area of burn that will kill 50% of patients (lethal area) La  labial; lambda; lambert; lanthanum LAA  left atrial appendage; left atrial area; L  angular momentum; Avogadro constant; left auricular appendage; leukemia-associated boundary [Lat. limes]; coefficient of induc- antigen; leukocyte ascorbic acid tion; diffusion length; inductance; Lactoba- LAAM  L-alpha acetylmethadol; levo-alpha- cillus; lambda; lambert; latent heat; latex; acetylmethadol Latin; leader sequence; left; Legionella; LAAO  L-amino acid oxidase Leishmania; length; lente insulin; lethal; leu- LA/Ao  left atrial/aortic ratio cine; levo-; lewisite; lidocaine; ligament; LAB, lab  laboratory light; light sense; lingual; Listeria; liter; LABA  long-acting beta agonist liver; low; lower; lumbar; luminance; lymph; LabBase  laboratory database lymphocyte; outer membrane layer of cell LABBB  left anterior bundle branch block wall of gram-negative bacteria; pound [Lat. LABC  locally advanced breast cancer libra]; radiance; self-inductance; syphilis LABE  labetalol [Lat. lues]; threshold [Lat. limen] LABP  laboratory procedure Λ  uppercase Greek letter lambda LA-BP  low-affinity binding protein λ  lowercase Greek letter lambda; craniomet- LABV  left atrial ball valve ric point; decay constant; an immunoglobulin LabVISE  Laboratory Reporting Scheme in light chain; mean free path; microliter; ther- Virology and Serology mal conductivity; wavelength LAC  La Crosse [virus]; lactase; lansopra- L+  limes tod [the smallest amount of toxin zole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin; large area which will produce a toxic reaction] coverage; lateral crural convexity; left atrial L0  no evidence of lymph node metastases circumflex [artery]; left atrial contraction; L0  limes zero [limes nul, the largest amount linear attenuation coefficient; linguoaxio- of toxin that will not produce a toxic reac- cervical; long-arm cast; low-amplitude con- tion] traction; lung adenocarcinoma cells; lupus L1  acute lymphoblastic leukemia with lym- anticoagulant phoblasts, scanty cytoplasm, and incon­ LaC  labiocervical spicuous nucleoli; lymph node metastases Lac  laceration; lactation assessed LACD  left apex cardiogram, calibrated dis- L1, L2, L3, L4, L5  first, second, third, placement fourth, and fifth lumbar vertebrae LACI  lacidipine; lipoprotein-associated co- L2  acute lymphoblastic leukemia with large agulation inhibitor pleomorphic blasts, abundant cytoplasm, and LACN  local area communications network prominent nucleoli LacR  lactose repressor L2  area [length square] Lacr  lacrimal L3  acute lymphoblastic leukemia having LACS  long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthe- blast with basophilic vacuolated cytoplasm tase L3  volume [length cube] Lact  lactate, lactating, lactation; lactic L/3  lower third Lact hyd  lactalbumin hydrolysate l  azimuthal quantum number; left; length; LACV  La Crosse virus lethal; levorotatory; liter; long; longitudinal; LAD  lactic acid dehydrogenase; laser- specific latent heat assisted drug delivery; left anterior descend- LA  lactic acid; lactic acidemia; large amount; ing [coronary artery]; left atrial defect; left laser angioplasty; late abortion; late antigen; axis deviation; leukocyte adhesion defi- latex agglutination; left angle; left arm; left ciency; leukocyte antibody detection assay; atrium; left auricle; leucine aminopeptidase; ligament augmentation device; linoleic leukemia antigen; leukoagglutination; leupro- acid depression; lipoamide dehydrogenase; lide acetate; levator ani; Lightwood-Albright lymphocyte-activating determinant [syndrome]; linear addition; linguoaxial; lin- LADA  laboratory animal dander allergy; la- oleic acid; lobuloalveolar; local anesthesia; tent autoimmune diabetes in the adult, latent local anesthetic; long acting; long arm; long autoimmune diabetes of adults; left acromio- axis; low anxiety; Ludwig angina; lupus an- dorsoanterior [position]; left anterior de- ticoagulant; lymphocyte antibody scending artery  237 LADB  left [coronary] descending branch binomannan; lymphangioleiomyomatosis; LADCA  left anterior descending coronary lymphocyte adhesion molecule artery Lam  laminectomy LADD  lacrimal-auricular-dental-digital [syn- LAMA  laminin A drome]; left anterior descending diagonal LAMB  laminin B; lentigines, atrial myxoma, [coronary artery] mucocutaneous myxomas, blue nevi [syn- LADH  lactic acid dehydrogenase; liver alco- drome] hol dehydrogenase L-AmB  liposomal AmBisome [amphotericin] LAD-MIN  left axis deviation, minimal LAMBR  laminin B receptor LADP  left acromio-dorso-posterior [posi- LAMC  laminin C tion]; left anterior descending arterial pres- LAMMA  laser microprobe mass analyzer sure LAMP  limbic system–associated membrane LADS  Lors American Data System protein; loop-mediated isothermal amplifi- LAE  left atrial enlargement cation; lysosome-associated membrane pro- LAEDV  left atrial volume in end diastole tein LAEI  left atrial emptying index LAN  local area network; long-acting neuro- LAESV  left atrial volume in end systole leptic LAF  laminar air flow; Latin American female; LANC  long-arm navicular cast left anterior fascicle; leukocyte-activating fac- LANE  lidocaine, atropine, naloxone, epi- tor; lymphocyte-activating factor nephrine LAFB  left anterior fascicular block LANSS  Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic LAFR  laminar air flow room Symptoms and Signs LAFU  laminar air flow unit LANV  Laguna Negra virus; left atrial neo- LAG  labiogingival; laparoscopy-assisted vascularization gastrectomy; leukocyte antigen group; LAO  left anterior oblique; left atrial over- linguoaxio-gingival; lymphangiogram; lym- load; Licentiate of the Art of Obstetrics phocyte activation gene LAP  laboratory accreditation program; lapa- LaG  labiogingival roscopy; laparotomy; latency-active promot- LAGB  laparoscopic adjustable gastric band er; latency-associated protein; left arterial LAH  lactalbumin hydrolysate; left anterior pressure; left atrial pressure; leucine amino- hemiblock; left atrial hypertrophy; Licentiate peptidase; leukemia-associated phenotype; of Apothecaries Hall; lithium aluminum hy- leukemia-associated phosphoprotein; leuko- dride cyte alkaline phosphatase; liver-enriched LAHB  left anterior hemiblock transcriptional activator protein; low atmo- LAHC  low affinity, high capacity spheric pressure; lyophilized anterior pitu- LAHF  low amplitude, high frequency itary LAHT  laser-assisted hair transplantation Lap  laparoscopy; laparotomy LAHV  leukocyte-associated herpesvirus LapCAC  laparoscopic compression anasto- LAI  latex particle agglutination inhibition; mosis clip leukocyte adherence inhibition Lap & dye  laparoscopy and injection of LaI  labioincisal dye LAID  left anterior internal diameter LAPIS  Late Potentials in Myocardial Infarc- LAIF  leukocyte adherence inhibition factor tion Study LAIT  latex agglutination inhibition test LAPSE  long-term ambulatory physiologic LAIV  live attenuated influenza vaccine surveillance LAK  lymphokine-activated killer [cells] LAPSS  Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke LAL  left axillary line; limulus amebocyte Screen lysate; low air loss; lysosomal acid lipase LAPW  left atrial posterior wall LaL  labiolingual LAQ  long-arc quad LALB  low air-loss bed LAR  laryngology; late asthmatic response; LALI  lymphocyte antibody–lymphocytolytic late reaction; left arm recumbent; legally au- interaction thorized representative; leukocyte antigen LALL  lymphomatous acute lymphoblastic related; long-acting release; low anterior re- leukemia section LALV  Lucerne Australian latent virus Lar  larynx; left arm reclining LAM  laminectomy; laminin; lamivudine; LARA  Low-Dose Aspirin Trial on Resteno- late ambulatory monitoring; Latin American sis After Angioplasty male; left anterior measurement; left atrial LARab  laryngeal abductor myxoma; linear associative memory; lipoara- LARad  laryngeal adductor  238 LARC  leukocyte automatic recognition com- LATCH  literature attached to charts; Lower puter; long-acting reversible contraceptive Anchorages and Tethers for Children [sys- LARD  lacrimo-auriculo-radio-dental [syn- tem] drome] LATE  Late Assessment of Thrombolytic Ef- L-Arg  L-arginine ficacy [trial] LARIS  laser atomization resonance ioniza- L·atm  liter atmosphere tion spectroscopy LATP  left atrial transmural pressure LARS  laparoscopic antireflux surgery; laser LATPT  left atrial transesophageal pacing test angioplasty in the treatment of restenosis de- LATS  long-acting thyroid stimulator veloping within coronary stents; leucyl- LATS-P  long-acting thyroid stimulator- tRNA synthetase protector LARVH  laparoscopically-assisted radical LATu  lobuloalveolar tumor vaginal hysterectomy LAUP  laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty Laryngol  laryngology LAV  liquid-assisted ventilation; lymphade- LAS  laboratory automation system; lat- nopathy-associated virus eral amyotrophic sclerosis; laxative abuse Lav  lavatory syndrome; left anterior-superior; leucine LAVA  laser angioplasty versus angioplasty; acetylsalicylate; linear alkylsulfonate; local Leiden Artificial Valves and Anticoagulation adaptation syndrome; long arm splint; lower [study] abdominal surgery; lymphadenopathy syn- LAVH  laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hyster- drome; lymphangioscintigraphy ectomy LASA  linear-analogue self-assessment; lipid- LAW  left atrial wall associated phenotype LAX, LAx  long axis LASAF  low quantities of acetylsalicylic acid Lax  laxative; laxity in atrial fibrillation LAX-DSS  long axis discrete subaortic ste- LASA-P  linear-analogue self-assessment- nosis Pristman Lax oc  laxative of choice LASAR  Local Alcohol and Stent Against LB  lamellar body; large bowel; left breast; Restenosis [trial] left bronchus; left bundle; left buttock; leio- LASA-S  linear-analogue self-assessment- myoblastoma; lipid body; live birth; liver Selby biopsy; loose body; low back; lung biopsy; LASE  laser-assisted spinal endoscopy Luria-Bertani [medium] LASEK  laser-assisted subepithelial ker- L&B  left and below atomileusis Lb  Leishmania brasiliensis; pound [Lat. LASER  light amplification by stimulated libra]; pound force emission of radiation lb  pound [Lat. libra] LASH  left anterior superior hemiblock LBA  laser balloon angioplasty; left basal ar- LA SI  linearly additive, spatially invariant tery LASIK  laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis LBB  left bundle branch; low back bending L-ASP  L-asparaginase LBBB  left bundle branch block LASS  labile aggregation stimulating sub- LBBsB  left bundle branch system block stance LBC  lidocaine blood concentration; liquid- LAST  Left Anterior Small Thoracotomy based cytology; lymphadenosis benigna cutis [study] LBCD  left border of cardiac dullness LASTAC  laser transluminal angioplasty LBCF  Laboratory Branch complement fixa- catheter tion [test] LASTLHY  Latin American Study of Laci- LBD  lamellar body density; large bile duct; dipine in Hypertension left border of dullness; Lewy body dementia; LASV  Lassa virus ligand-binding domain; lower back disorder; LAT  lactic acidosis threshold; latency- lumbar body density associated transcript; lateral; lateral atrial LBF  Lactobacillus bulgaricus factor; limb tunnel; latex agglutination test; latissimus blood flow; liver blood flow dorsi; left anterior trigone; left atrial throm- Lbf  pound force bus; less acute mode of transportation; limbal Lbf-ft  pound force foot autograft transplantation; L-type amino acid LBH  length, breadth, height transporter; lysolecithin acyltransferase LBI  low back injury; low serum-bound iron Lat  latent; lateral; Latin Lb/in2  pounds per square inch Lat bend  lateral bending LBL  labeled lymphoblast; lymphoblastic LATC  lateral talocalcaneal lymphoma  239 LbL  layer by layer LCAS  Lipoprotein and Coronary Athero- LBM  last bowel movement; lean body mass; sclerosis Study loose bowel movement; lung basement mem- LCAT  lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase brane LCATA  lecithin cholesterol acetyltransfer- L-BMAA  L-beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine ase alpha LBMT  lansoprazole, bismuth, metronida- LCB  Laboratory of Cancer Biology; Leber zole, tetracycline congenital blindness; left costal border; lym- LBNP  lower body negative pressure phomatosis cutis benigna LBO  large bowel obstruction LCBF  local cerebral blood flow LBP  lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; LCBI  laboratory-confirmed bloodstream in- local binary pattern; low back pain; low fection blood pressure; lumbar back pain LCC  lactose coliform count; left circumflex LBPF  long bone or pelvic fracture coronary [artery]; left common carotid [ar- LBPP  lower body positive pressure tery]; left coronary cusp; life cycle cost; LBPQ  Low Back Pain Questionnaire lipid-containing cell; liver cell carcinoma; LBQC  large-base quad cane L-type calcium channel LBRF  louse-borne relapsing fever LCCA  late cortical cerebellar atrophy; leu- LBS  low back syndrome; Lübeck Blood koclastic angiitis [Pressure] Study; lumbar back strain; Lu- LCCE  Lamaze Certified Childbirth Edu­ theran Brotherhood Study; lysine-binding cator site LCCME  Liaison Committee on Continuing LBSA  lipid-bound sialic acid Medical Education LBT  low back tenderness/trouble LCCS  lethal congenital contracture syn- LBTI  lima bean trypsin inhibitor drome; lower cervical cesarean section Lb tr  pound troy LCCSCT  large cell calcifying Sertoli cell LBV  Lagos bat virus; left brachial vein; lung tumor blood volume LCD  lattice corneal dystrophy; liquid crystal LB-V  left bundle ventricle diode; liquid crystal display; liquor carbonis LBW  lean body weight; low birth weight detergens [coal tar solution]; localized col- LBWI  low-birth-weight infant lagen dystrophy; low-calcium diet LBWR  lung/body weight ratio LC-DCP  low-contact dynamic compression LC  Laënnec cirrhosis; Langerhans cell; lapa- plate roscopic cholecystectomy; large chromo- LCDD  light chain deposition disease phobe; late clamped; lateral canthotomy; LCDV  lymphocystis disease virus lateral cortex; lecithin cholesterol acyltrans- LCE  leg cycle ergometry ferase; left circumflex [coronary artery]; le- LCED  liquid chromatography with electro- thal concentration; Library of Congress; life chemical detection care; light chain; linguocervical; lipid cyto- LCF  least common factor; left circumflex somes; liquid chromatography; liquid crys- [coronary artery]; lymphocyte culture fluid tal; liver cirrhosis; living children; location LCFA, L-cFA  long-chain fatty acid component; locus ceruleus; long chain; low LCFU  leukocyte colony-forming unit calorie; low contrast; lower calyceal; lung LCG  Langerhans cell granule; Langerhans cancer; lung cell; lymphocyte count cell granulomatosis; liquid crystal glasses LC0  maximum sublethal concentration LCGL  large cell granulocytic leukemia LC50  median lethal concentration LCGME  Liaison Committee on Graduate LCA  Leber congenital amaurosis; left ca- Medical Education rotid artery; left circumflex artery; left coro- LCGR  lutropin-choriogonadotropin recep- nary artery; leukocyte common antigen; tor lithocholic acid; liver cell adenoma; lympho- LCGU  local cerebral glucose utilization cyte chemotactic activity LCH  Langerhans cell histiocytosis LCa  low calcium LCh  Licentiate in Surgery LCAH  lipoid congenital adrenal hyper­ L-CHAD  long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl coen- plasia zyme A dehydrogenase LCAL  large cell anaplastic lymphoma LCI  length complexity index LCAM  liver cell adhesion molecule LCIN  low-grade cervical intraepithelial neo- LCAO  linear combination of atomic orbitals plasia L-CAPS  Low-Density Lipoprotein Coro- LCIS  lobular carcinoma in situ nary Atherosclerosis Prospective Study LCL  lateral collateral ligament; left coro- LCAR  late cutaneous anaphylactic reaction nary leaflet; Levinthal-Coles-Lillie [body];  240 lower confidence limit; lower control limit; LCt50  median lethal vapor or aerosol con- lymphoblastoid cell line; lymphocytic lym- centration phosarcoma; lymphoid cell line LCTA  lymphocytotoxic antibody LCLC  large cell lung carcinoma LCU  laparoscopic contact ultrasonography; LCLo  lowest lethal concentration life change unit LCM  laser-capture microdissection; latent LCV  Lake Clarendon virus; lecithovitellin; cardiomyopathy; left costal margin; leuko- leukocytoclastic vasculitis; lymphocytic cho- cyte-conditioned medium; lowest common riomeningitis virus multiple; lymphatic choriomeningitis; lym- LCWI  left cardiac work index phocytic choriomeningitis LCX  left circumflex [coronary artery] LCME  Liaison Committee on Medical Edu- LCXB  left [coronary] circumflex branch cation LD  label dictionary; labor and delivery; LCMG  long-chain monoglyceride laboratory data; labyrinthine defect; lactate L/cm H2O  liters per centimeter of water dehydrogenase; Lafora disease; laser Dop- LC-MS,, LC/MS  liquid chromatography-mass pler; learning disability; learning disorder; spectrometry left deltoid; Legionnaires’ disease; lethal LCMV  lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus dose; levodopa. L-dopa; light differentiation; LCN  lateral cervical nucleus; left caudate limited disease; linear dichroism; linear dis- nucleus; line correlated noise; lipocalin criminate; linguodistal; linkage disequilibri- LCNB  large-core needle biopsy um; lipodystrophy; liver disease; living LCO  left coronary ostium; low cardiac out- donor; loading dose; Lombard-Dowell put [agar]; longitudinal diameter; low density; LCOS  low cardiac output syndrome low dose; Lyme disease; lymphocyte defined; LCP  Legg-Calvé-Perthes [syndrome]; long- lymphocyte depletion chain polysaturated [fatty acid]; lymphocyte L-D  Leishman-Donovan [body] cytosol polypeptide L/D  light/darkness ratio LCPD  Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease L&D  labor and delivery LCPS  Licentiate of the College of Physi- LD1  isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase cians and Surgeons found in the heart, erythrocytes, and kid- LCQ  Learning Climate Questionnaire neys LCR  late cutaneous reaction; lifetime clini- LD2, LD3  isoenzymes of lactate dehydroge- cal record; ligase chain reaction; locus  nase found in the lungs control region; long control region LD4  isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase Lcr  low calcium response found in the liver LCRB  locus control region beta LD5  isoenzyme of lactate dehydrogenase LCRI  limit cycle reciprocal interaction found in the liver and muscles LCRUS  Leigh Clinical Research Unit LD50  median lethal dose Study LD50/30  a dose that is lethal for 50% of test LCrv  retroventral lateral cortex subjects within 30 days LCS  cerebrospinal fluid [Lat. liquor cerebro- LD100  lethal dose in all exposed subjects spinalis]; laboratory of computer science; Ld  Leishmania donovani laparoscopic coagulating shear; left coronary LDA  laser Doppler anemometry; Learning sinus; Leydig cell stimulation; lichen chroni- Disabilities Association of America; left cus simplex; life care service; Life Closure dorsoanterior; linear discriminant analysis; Scale; longest common substring; low con- low density area; low disease activity; stant suction; low continuous suction; lym- lymphocyte-dependent antibody phocyte culture supernatants LDAC  low-dose cytosine arabinoside LCSB  Liaison Committee for Specialty LDAR  latex direct agglutination reaction Boards LDB  lamb dysentery bacillus; Legionnaires’ LCSC  local community service centre disease bacillus; Location Database LCSD  left cardiac sympathetic denervation LDC  lactose digestion capacity; limited as- LCSG  Lung Cancer Study Group sistance dialysis center; lymphoid dendritic lcSSc  limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis cell; lysine decarboxylase LCST  low critical solution temperature L-dC  L-deoxycytidine LCSW  licensed clinical social worker LDCC  lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity LCT  laser dynamic compliance measurement LDCF  lymphocyte-derived chemotactic fac- technique; liquid crystal thermography; liver tor cell tumor; long-chain triglyceride; lympho- LDCI  low-dose continuous infusion cytotoxicity; lymphocytotoxin LDCMC  Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center  241 LdCPV  Lymantria dispar cypovirus LDSc  Licentiate in Dental Science LDCT  late distal cortical tubule LDT  left dorsotransverse LDD  late dedifferentiation; light-dark dis- LDUB  long double upright brace crimination; liquefy, digest, and discharge LDUH  low-dose unfractionated heparin LDDB  London Dysmorphology Database LDV  lactate dehydrogenase–elevating virus, LDDE  low-dose dobutamine echo lactic dehydrogenase virus; large dense- LDER  lateral view dual-energy radiography cored vesicle; laser Doppler velocimetry; LD-EYA  Lombard-Dowell egg yolk agar lateral distant view; Le Dantec virus; Lords- LDF  laser Doppler flowmetry; laser Doppler dale virus flux, laser Doppler fluxometry; limit dilution LE  lactate extraction; law enforcement; left factor ear; left eye; leukocyte elastase; leukoeryth- LDFA  linear discrimination functional anal- rogenic; life expectancy; linkage equilibri- ysis um; live embryo; Long Evans [rat]; low LDG  lactic dehydrogenase; lingual develop- exposure; lower extremity; lupus erythema- mental groove tosus L-dG  L-deoxyguanosine LEA  lower extremity amputation; lumbar LDH  lactate dehydrogenase; low-dose hepa- epidural anesthesia rin LEB  lower extremity bypass LDHA  lactic dehydrogenase A LEADER  Lightweight Epidemiological Ad- LDHB  lactic dehydrogenase B vanced Detection and Emergency Response LDHC  lactic dehydrogenase C System LDHSPS  Low-Dose Heparin Stroke Preven- LEAF  layman education and activation sys- tion Study tem LD im  lethal intramuscular dose LEAP  Lower Extremity Amputation Preven- LD ip  lethal intraperitoneal dose tion [program] LDL  loudness discomfort level; low-density LEAV  Leanyer virus lipoprotein LEBV  Lebombo virus LDLA  low-density lipoprotein apheresis LEC  leprosy elimination campaign; leukoen- LDL A  low-density lipoprotein receptor class cephalitis; long Evans cinnamon [rat]; low A energy cardioversion; lower esophageal con- LDL B  low-density lipoprotein receptor class tractility B LECP  low-energy charged particle LDL-C, LDL-c  low-density lipoprotein–cho- LED  light-emitting diode; lowest emitting lesterol complex dose; lupus erythematosus disseminatus LDL/HDL  low-density lipoprotein/high- LEDC  low-energy direct current density lipoprotein ratio LEDV  Lednice virus LDLo  lowest lethal dose LEE  locus of enterocyte effacement LDLP  low-density lipoprotein LEED  low-energy electron diffraction LDLR, LDL-R  low-density lipoprotein recep- LEEDS  low-energy electron diffraction spec- tor; Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Mu- troscopy tation Database LEEP  left end-expiratory pressure; loop elec- LDM  lactate dehydrogenase, muscle; limited trosurgical excision procedure dorsal myeloschisis LEER  likelihood equivalent error LDMF  latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap LEET  Low-Energy Endotak Trial LD-NEYA  Lombard-Dowell neomycin egg LEF  late expression factor; leflunomide; yolk agar leukokinesis-enhancing factor; lupus erythe- L-DOPA, L-dopa  levodopa [levo-3, 4-dihy- matosus factor; lymphoid-enhanced binding droxyphenylalanine] factor; lymphoid enhancer factor LDP  left dorsoposterior; lumbodorsal pain Leg  legal; legislation LDQ  Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire LEHPZ  lower esophageal high-pressure LDR  labor, delivery, recovery; lifetime data zone repository; low dose rate LEHR  lifetime electronic health record LDRI  leukotriene D4 receptor inhibitors LeIF  leukocyte interferon LDRPS  labor-delivery-recovery-postpartum LEIS  low-energy ion scattering suite LEL  lower explosive limit; lowest effect LDRS  labor-delivery-recovery suite level LDS  Licentiate in Dental Surgery; light- LELC  lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma weight decontamination system; Lipids in LEM  lateral eye movement; Leibovitz- Diabetes Study; locked door seclusion Emory medium; leukocyte endogenous  242 mediator; light electron microscope; light LF  labile factor; lactoferrin; laryngofissure; emission microscopy; limited esophagomy- Lassa fever; latex fixation; left foot; left fore- otomy; low-electrolyte meal arm; lethal factor; leukotactic factor; liga- LEMA  least error matrix analysis mentum flavum; limit of flocculation; long LEMO  lowest empty molecular orbital frequency; low fat [diet]; low flow; low for- LEMS  Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome ceps; low frequency; lymphatic filariasis LEN  Level of Expressed Needs [question- L/F  Latin female naire] Lf  lactoferrin; limit of flocculation; low fre- Lenit  lenitive quency LENT  late effect to normal tissues LFA  left femoral artery; left frontal craniot- LEOPARD  lentigines, electrocardiogram ab- omy; left frontoanterior; leukocyte function– normalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary associated antigen; leukotactic factor activity; stenosis, genital abnormalities, retardation of logical framework analysis; low-friction ar- growth, and deafness [syndrome] throplasty; lymphocyte function–associated LEP  laboratory of enteric pathogens; lethal antigen effective phase; lipoprotein electrophoresis; LFAB  lipid-associated formation of ampho- low egg passage; lower esophageal pressure tericin B Lep  leptotene LFB  luxol fast blue [stain] LEPC  local emergency planning committee LFBMA  lattice function biologic movement LEPN  effective perceived noise level artifacts LEPR  leptin receptor LFC  living female child; low fat and choles- Leq  loudness equivalent terol [diet] LER  laparoscopic endoscope-holder robot; LFD  lactose-free diet; large for date [fetus]; lysozomal enzyme release late fetal death; lateral facial dysplasia; least LERG  local electroretinogram fatal dose; local field potential; low-fat diet; LERS  learning from examples based on low-fiber diet; low forceps delivery rough sets LFE  local frequency estimation; low-fre- LES  Lambert-Eaton syndrome; Lawrence quency enhancement Experimental Station [agar]; Life Experi- LFER  linear free-energy relationship ences Survey; lifestyle evaluation system; LFH  left femoral hernia local excitatory state; Locke egg serum; low LFHL  low-frequency hearing loss excitatory state; lower esophageal sphincter; LFL  left frontolateral; leukocyte feeder layer; lupus erythematosus, systemic lower flammable limit; lower frequency limit Les  lesion LFN  lactoferrin LESD  Letterer-Siwe disease LFO  low field open LES-Dx  Layered Expression Scanning, L-[form]  a defective bacterial variant that Diagnostic can multiply on hypertonic medium LESP  lower esophageal sphincter pressure LFP  left frontoposterior LESS  lateral electrical spine stimulation LFPPV  low-frequency positive pressure LESSD  lupus erythematosus–specific skin ventilation disease LFPS  Licentiate of the Faculty of Physicians LESTR  leukocyte-derived seven-transmem- and Surgeons brane domain receptor LFR  lymphoid follicular reticulosis LET  lidocaine, epinephrine, tetracaine [solu- LFS  lateral facet syndrome; latest finishing tion]; linear energy transfer; Losartan Effec- shift; Li-Fraumeni syndrome; limbic fore- tiveness and Tolerability [study] brain structure; liver function series LETD  lowest effective toxic dose LFSE  ligand field-stabilizing energy LETS  large external transformation sensitive LFT  latex fixation test; latex flocculation test; [protein]; Leiden Thrombophilia Study left frontotransverse; liver function test; low- LEU  leucine; leucovorin; leukocyte equiva- frequency tetanus; low-frequency transduc- lent unit tion; low-frequency transfer; lung function Leu, leu  leucine test Leuc  leukocyte LFU  lipid fluidity unit Leu-CAM  leukocyte cell adhesion molecule LFV  large field of view; Lassa fever virus; LeuRS  leucyl ribonucleic acid synthetase low-frequency ventilation LEUT  leucine transport LFx  linear fracture LEV  levamisole LG  lactoglobulin; lamellar granule; laryn- LEW  Lewis [rat] gectomy; lateral gastrocnemius; left gluteal; L/ext  lower extremity Lennox-Gastaut [syndrome]; leucylglycine;  243 linguogingival; lipoglycopeptide; liver graft; light-harvesting complex; Local Health low glucose; lymphatic gland Council Lg  large; leg LHCA  laparoscopic hepatectomy by curet- LGA  large for gestational age; left gastric tage and aspiration artery; low-grade astrocytoma LHCGR  luteinizing hormone–choriogonad- LGALS  lecithin, galactoside-binding, solu- otropin receptor ble LHD  lateral head displacement [sperm]; left LGB  Landry-Guillain-Barré [syndrome]; lat- heart disease eral geniculate body; lymphoglandular body LHe  liquid helium LGBS  Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome LHEG  local health care executive group LGBT  lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender LHF  left heart failure LGD  limb girdle dystrophy; limit grid dis- LHFA  lung Hageman factor activator placement; low-grade dysplasia LHG  left hand grip; localized hemolysis in LGE  Langat encephalitis gel LGF  lateral giant fiber LHI  laboratory for health care informatics; LGH  lactogenic hormone lipid hydrocarbon inclusion; local health  LGI  large glucagon immunoreactivity; low jurisdiction gastrointestinal; lower gastrointestinal LHIPS  Local Heparin Infusion Pre-Stenting LGIB  low gastrointestinal bleeding [trial] LGIC  ligand-gated ion channel LHIS  lipomatous hypertrophy of interatrial LGL  large granular leukocyte; large granular septum lymphocyte; Lown-Ganong-Levine [syn- LHL  left hepatic lobe drome] LHM  lysuride hydrogen maleate LGL-NK  large granular lymphocyte–natural LHMP  Life Health Monitoring Program killer LHN  lateral hypothalamic nucleus LGM  left gluteus medius LHNCBC  Lister Hill National Center for 3LGM  three-level graph-based model Biomedical Communication LGMD  limb-girdle muscular dystrophy LHOF  laparoscopically harvested omental LGN  lateral geniculate nucleus; lateral glo- flap merulonephritis LHON  Leber hereditary optic neuropathy LGP  labioglossopharyngeal LHP  lifetime health plan LGS  Langer-Giedion syndrome; Lennox- LHPZ  low high-pressure zone Gastaut syndrome; limb-girdle syndrome LHR  leukocyte histamine release; lifetime LGSIL  low-grade squamous intraepithelial health record; lymph node homing receptor lesions L-hr  lumen-hour LGSS  low-grade stromal sarcoma LHRF  luteinizing hormone–releasing factor LGT  late generalized tuberculosis LHRH, LH-RH  luteinizing hormone–releas- LGTI  lower genital tract infection ing hormone LGTV  Langat virus LHRHR  luteinizing hormone–releasing hor- LGV  large granular vesicle; lymphogranu- mone receptor loma venereum LHS  left-hand side; left heart strain; left LGVHD  lethal graft-versus-host disease heelstrike; library of health sciences; Losar- LgX  lymphogranulomatosis X tan Hemodynamic Study; Lung Heart Study; LH  late healing; lateral habecular [nucleus]; lymphatic hematopoietic system lateral hypothalamic [syndrome]; lateral hy- LHT  left hypertropia; Lifestyle Heart Trial pothalamus; left hand; left heart; left hemi- LHV  left hepatic vein sphere; left hyperphoria; liver homogenate; LI  first stage of syphilis; labeling index; lac- long handled; loop of Henle; lower half; lues tose intolerance; lacunar infarct; lamellar hereditaria; lung homogenate; luteinizing ichthyosis; Langerhans islet; large intestine; hormone; Lyon hypertensive [rat] Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae; linguoinci- L/H  lung/heart ratio sal; link interface; lithogenic index; low im- LHA  lateral hypothalamic area; lay health pulsiveness advisor; left hepatic artery; low height for LI, LII, LIII  first, second, third stage of syphilis age L&I  liver and iron LHB  long head of biceps; luteinizing hor- Li  blood group system; labrale inferius; lith- mone beta chain ium LHBV  left heart blood volume L-I  late inspiratory LHC  Langerhans cell histiocytosis; left LIA  Laser Institute of America; left iliac ar- heart catheterization; left hypochondrium; tery; leukemia-associated inhibitory activity;  244 lock-in amplifier; lymphocyte-induced an- LIN  linear statistical classifier giogenesis; lysine iron agar lin  liniment LIAF  laser-induced arterial fluorescence; LINAC  linear accelerator lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis factor LINC  laboratory instrumentation computer LIAFI  late infantile amaurotic familial idiocy LINE  long interspersed repetitive element Lib  one pound [Lat. libra] Linim  liniment LIBC  latent iron-binding capacity LIO  left inferior oblique LIC  left internal carotid [artery]; left inter- LIP  lipase; lipocortin; lithium-induced poly- ventricular coronary [artery]; limiting isor- dipsia; lower inflection point; lymphoid/lym- rheic concentration; link interface connector; phocytic interstitial pneumonitis liver iron concentration; local intravascular Lip  lipoate coagulation LIPA  line probe assay Lic  licentiate LIPB  lipase B LICA  left internal carotid artery LIPD  lipase D LICM  left intercostal margin LIPID  Long-Term Intervention with Pravas- LicMed  Licentiate in Medicine tatin in Ischemic Disease [trial] LICS  left intercostal space LipoMM  lipomyelomeningocele LICU  laparoscopic intracorporeal ultrasound LIPOX  lipid oxidation; lipoxygenase LID  large intraluminal density; late immuno- LIPP  laser-induced pressure pulse globulin deficiency; lymphocytic infiltrative LIPS  Lescol Intervention Prevention Study disease LIPV  left inferior pulmonary vein; Lipovnik LIF  laser-induced fluorescence; left iliac virus fossa; left index finger; leukemia-inhibiting LIQ  low inner quadrant factor; leukocyte inhibitory factor; leukocy- Liq  liquid [Lat. liquor] tosis-inducing factor; light-induced fluores- Liq dr  liquid dram cence Liq oz  liquid ounce LIFE  lifestyle intervention, food, and exer- Liq pt  liquid pint cise program; Losartan Intervention for End- Liq qt  liquid quart point Reduction in Hypertension [trial]; lung LIR  left iliac region; left inferior rectus imaging fluorescence endoscope LIRBM  liver, iron, red bone marrow LIFO  last in, first out LIS  laboratory information system; lateral LIFR  leukemia inhibitory factor receptor intercellular space; learning and intelligent LIFT  late intervention following thromboly- system; left intercostal space; library infor- sis; lymphocyte immunofluorescence test mation service; lissencephaly; lobular in Lig  ligament; ligation situ; locked-in syndrome; low intermittent LIH  left inguinal hernia suction; low ionic strength LIHA  low impulsiveness, high anxiety LISA  Lescol in Severe Atherosclerosis LIHFE  Living With Heart Failure [question- [trial]; less-invasive surgical approach; Li- naire] brary and Information Science Abstracts LIHPS  local infusion of heparin prior to LISF  linear least square fit stenting LISP  List Processing Language LIJ  left internal jugular [vein] LISREL  linear structural relations LILA  low impulsiveness, low anxiety LISS  less invasive stabilization system; low- LILT  low-intensity laser therapy ionic-strength saline LIM  line isolation monitor LISU  library and information statistics unit Lim  limit, limited Li/SVO  lithium silver vanadium oxide LIMA  left internal mammary artery LIT  Leiden Intervention Trial; leukocyte im- LIME  Leeds interactive medical education munization therapy; liver infusion tryptose; LIMIT  Laboratory for Integrated Medical liver-intestinal transplantation; local immune Interface Technology; Leicester Intravenous therapy; Lopressor Intervention Trial Magnesium Intervention Trial LITA  left internal thoracic artery; Library LIMIT-AMI  Double Blind, Placebo-Con- and Information Technology Association trolled, Multicenter Angiographic Trial of LITE  low-intensity treadmill exercise RhuMAb CD 18 in Acute Myocardial Infarc- LITT  laser-induced interstitial thermothera- tion py; laser-induced thermal therapy; laser- LIMITS  Liquemin in Myocardial Infarction induced thermography/thermotherapy During Thrombolysis with Saruplase [trial] LIU  liver injury units LIMM  lethal infantile mitochondrial myopa- LIV  left innominate vein; louping ill virus thy Liv  live, living  245 LIV-BP  leucine, isoleucine, and valine- LLE  left lower extremity binding protein LLETZ  large loop excision of the transforma- LIVC  left inferior vena cava tion zone LIVE  Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Indap- LLF  Laki-Lorand factor; late-life forgetful- amide vs. Enalapril [trial] ness; left lateral femoral; left lateral flexion LIVEN  linear inflammatory verrucous epi- LLI  leg length inequality; low-level interface dermal nevus LLL  late luminal loss; left lower lid; left liver LIVH  laparoscopic incisional/ventral hernia lobe; left lower leg; left lower lobe LJ  Lowenstein-Jensen [medium] LLLE  lower lid, left eye LJAV  Landjia virus LLLT  low reactive level laser therapy LJI  List of Journals Indexed [in Index Me- LLM  localized leukocyte mobilization dicus] LLMSE  linear least mean square error LJM  limited joint mobility; Lowenstein- LLN  lower limit of normal Jensen medium LLNA  local lymph node assay LJNV  Lanjan virus LLO  Legionella-like organism; listeriolysin LJV  La Joya virus O; lower limb orthosis LK  lamellar keratoplasty; Landry-Kussmaul LLP  late luteal phase; long-lasting potentia- [syndrome]; left kidney; lichenoid keratosis; tion lymphokine LLPV  left lower pulmonary vein Lkc  leukocyte LLQ  left lower quadrant; low-level question Lkcs  leukocytes LLR  large local reaction; left lateral rectus; LKKS  liver, kidneys, spleen left lumbar region; ligation linked reaction; LKM  liver-kidney microsomal [antibody] long intergenic region; long latency reflex LKP  lamellar keratoplasty LLRE  lower lid, right eye LKS  Landau-Kleffner syndrome; liver, kid- LLS  lazy leukocyte syndrome; Level of Liv- neys, spleen ing Survey; linear least squares; long leg LKSB  liver, kidney, spleen, bladder splint; low-level segmentation LKV  laked kanamycin vancomycin [agar] LLSB  left lower scapular border; left lower LL  large lymphocyte; lateral lemniscus; left sternal border lateral; left leg; left lower; left lung; leproma- LLSF  linear least squares fit tous; lepromatous leprosy; lipoprotein lipase; LLSV  Llano Seco virus loudness level; lower lid; lower limb; lower LLT  left lateral thigh; lowest level term; low- lip; lower lobe; lumbar length; lymphocytic level light therapy; lysolecithin lymphoma; lymphoid leukemia; lysolecithin LLV  lymphatic leukemia virus LLA  left lung apex; limulus lysate assay; LLV-F  lymphatic leukemia virus, Friend as- lipid-lowering agent sociated LLAEP  long latency auditory evoked poten- LLVP  left lateral ventricular preexcitation tial LLWC  long leg walking cast LLam  lumbar laminectomy LLX  left lower extremity LLAT  left lateral; lysolecithin aminotransfer- LLZ  left lower zone ase LLZ-TB  lower lung zone tuberculosis L lat  left lateral LM  labiomental; lactic acid mineral [medi- LLB  left lateral border; long leg brace um]; lactose malabsorption; laminin; laryn- LLBCD  left lower border of cardiac dullness geal mask; laryngeal melanosis; laryngeal LLC  laparoscopic laser cholecystectomy; muscle; lateral malleolus; left main [coronary Lewis lung carcinoma; link layer controller; artery]; left marginal [coronary artery]; left liquid-liquid chromatography; long-leg cast; median; legal medicine; lemniscus medialis; lymphocytic leukemia leptomeningeal; Levenberg-Marquardt [al- LLCC  long-leg cylinder cast gorithm]; Licentiate in Medicine; Licentiate LLCD  link layer controller detector in Midwifery; light microscope, light micros- LLC-MK1  rhesus monkey kidney cells copy; light minimum; lincomycin; lingual LLC-MK2  rhesus monkey kidney cells margin; linguomesial; lipid mobilization; liq- LLC-MK3  Cercopithecus monkey kidney uid membrane; Listeria monocytogenes; liv- cells ing male; localized movement; longitudinal LLC-RK1  rabbit kidney cells muscle; lower motor [neuron]; lung metasta- LLD  left lateral decubitus; leg length dis- ses; lymphatic metastases crepancy; limb length discrepancy; lipid- L/M  Latin male lowering drug; long-lasting depolarization; Lm  Listeria monocytogenes; lower midline; lower limit of detectability lumen  246 L/m  liters per minute LMP  large multifunctional protease; last LMA  laryngeal mask airway; left main menstrual period; latent membrane potential; [coronary] artery; left mentoanterior; limbic left mentoposterior; lumbar puncture midbrain area; liver cell membrane autoanti- LMPS  lethal multiple pterygium syndrome body LMR  left medial rectus; localized magnetic LMB  Laurence-Moon-Biedl [syndrome]; resonance; longitudinal medical record; lym- left main bronchus; leiomyoblastoma; leuko- phocytic meningopolyradiculitis methylene blue LMRCP  Licentiate in Midwifery of the LMBB  Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl [syn- Royal College of Physicians drome] LMRP  local medical review policy LMBS  Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome LMS  laboratory information management LMC  large motile cell; lateral motor column; system; laser marker system; lateral medul- left main coronary [artery]; left middle cere- lary syndrome; least mean square; left main bral [artery]; living male child; lymphocyte- stem [coronary artery]; leiomyosarcoma; Li- mediated cytotoxicity; lymphomyeloid centiate in Medicine and Surgery complex Lms  lumen-second LMCA  left main coronary artery; left middle LMS HPF  least means square high-pass fil- cerebral artery ter LMCAD  left main coronary artery disease LMSSA  Licentiate in Medicine and Surgery LMCAO  left marginal coronary artery oc- of the Society of Apothecaries clusion LMT  left main trunk; left mentotransverse; LMCC  Licentiate of the Medical Council of leukocyte migration technique Canada LMV  larva migrans visceralis LMCL  left midclavicular line LMW  low molecular weight LMD  lipid-moiety modified derivative; local Lm/W  lumens per watt medical doctor; low-molecular-weight dex- LMWD  low-molecular-weight dextran tran; lumbar microdiscotomy LMWH  low-molecular-weight heparin LMDS  locally multiply damaged site LMWP  low-molecular-weight proteinuria LMDX  low-molecular-weight dextran LMWT  low molecular weight LME  left mediolateral episiotomy; leukocyte LMZ  left midzone migration enhancement; longitudinal mixed LN  labionasal; laminin; Lesch-Nyhan [syn- effects drome]; lipoid nephrosis; Lisch nodule; low LMed&Ch  Licentiate in Medicine and Sur- necrosis; lung nodule; lupus nephritis; lymph gery node; Lyon normotensive [rat] LMF  left middle finger; lymphocyte mito- LN2  liquid nitrogen genic factor L/N  letter/numerical [system] Lm/ft2  lumens per square foot Ln  lymph node; natural logarithm LMG  lethal midline granuloma; lingual mu- LNAA  large neutral amino acid cosal graft LNBx  lymph node biopsy LMH  lipid-mobilizing hormone LNC  Legal Nurse Consultant; lymph node Lmh  lumen hour cell LMHI  Liga Medicorum Homeopathica In- LNCC  Legal Nurse Consultant, Certified ternationalis lncRNA  long non-coding radionuclide an- LMI  leukocyte migration inhibition giography LMIF  leukocyte migration inhibition factor LND  lymph node dissection L/min  liters per minute LNDS  lymph node–negative dataset LMK  low molecular weight kininogen LNE  lymph node enlargement LML  large and medium lymphocytes; left LNF  laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication mediolateral; left middle lobe Lng-IUD  levonorgestrel-releasing intrauter- LMM  Lactobacillus maintenance medium; ine device laser microbeam microdissection; lentigo LNG-IUS  levonorgestrel-releasing intra- maligna melanoma; light meromyosin uterine system Lm/m2  lumens per square meter LNH  large number hypothesis LMMG  low molecular mass G [protein] LNKS  low natural killer syndrome LMMH  low molecular mass heparin LNL  lymph node lymphocyte LMN  lower motor neuron LNLS  linear-nonlinear least squares LMNL  lower motor neuron lesion LNM  lymph node metastasis LMO  living modified organism; localized LNMC  lymph node mononuclear cell molecular orbital LNMP  last normal menstrual period  247 LNNB  Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological LOO  leave one out Battery LOP  leave on pass; left occipitoposterior LNP  large neuronal polypeptide LOPAIR  long path infrared [alarm] LNPF  lymph node permeability factor LOPP  chlorambucil, vincristine, procarba- LNS  lateral nuclear stratum; Lesch-Nyhan zine, prednisolone syndrome LOPS  length of patient’s stay LNV  last normal vertebra LOQ  limit of quantification; lower outer LO  lateral oblique; linguo-occlusal; lipoox- quadrant ygenase; lumbar orthosis; lysyl oxidase LOR  limit of reporting; long open reading 5-LO  5-lipooxygenase frame; lorazepam; loricrin; loss of righting LOA  leave of absence; Leber optic atrophy; reflex left occipitoanterior Lord  lordosis, lordotic LOAEL  lowest observed adverse effect level LORETA  low-resolution brain electromag- LOB  loss of balance netic tomography LOC  laxative of choice; level of conscious- LORF  long open reading frame ness; liquid organic compound; locus of con- LOS  length of stay; Licentiate in Obstetrical trol; loss of consciousness Science; lipo-oligosaccharide; low cardiac out- LOCA  low osmolarity contrast agent put syndrome; lower [o]esophageal sphincter Lo cal  low calorie LOS(P)  lower [o]esophageal sphincter Lo calc  low calcium (pressure) LOCAT  Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial LOT  lateral olfactory tract; left occipito- LOCF  last observation carried forward transverse; Long-Term Outcome After Lo CHO  low carbohydrate Thrombolysis [study]; lysis onset time Lo chol  low cholesterol Lot  lotion LOCM  low molecular contrast medium LOV  large opaque vesicle; loviride LOCS  laryngoonychocutaneous syndrome; LOWBI  low-birth-weight infant lens opacities classification system LOX  liquid oxygen; lysyl oxidase LOD  laparoscopic ovarian drilling; limit LOXL  lysyl oxidase–like of detection; line of duty; log odds ratio LP  labile peptide; labile protein; laboratory LOF  lofexidine procedure; lactic peroxidase; lamina propria; LOFD  low-outlet forceps delivery laryngopharyngeal; late potential; latency LOG  lipoxygenase period, latent period; lateralis posterior; lat- LOG, LoG  laplacian of gaussian [imaging] eral plantar; lateral posterior; lateral pylorus; Log  logarithm latex particle; Legionella pneumophila; leu- LOGI  low glycemic index kocyte poor; leukocytic pyrogen; levator LOGIC  laryngeal and ocular granulations palatini; levator palpebrae; lichen planus; in children of the Indian subcontinent [syn- ligamentum patellae; light padding; light per- drome] ception; lingua plicata; linear predictive; lin- LOH  loop of Henle; loss of heterozygosity ear programming; linguopulpal; lipoprotein; LOHF  late-onset hepatic failure liver plasma; longitudinal propagation; loss LOI  level of incompetence; level of injury; of privileges; low potency; low power; low limit of impurities; loss of imprinting pressure; low protein; lumbar puncture; lum- LOIH  left oblique inguinal hernia boperitoneal; lung parenchyma; lymphocyte Lo K  low potassium predominant; lymphoid plasma; lymphoma- LOKD  late-onset Krabbe disease toid papulosis LOKV  Lokern virus L/P  lactate/pyruvate ratio; liver plasma LOL  left occipitolateral [concentration]; lymph/plasma ratio LOM  left otitis media; ligament of Marshall; Lp  lipoprotein; sound pressure level limitation of motion; loss of motion Lp  path length LOMC  laser optical memory card LPA  latex particle agglutination; left pulmo- LOMIR-MCT-IL  Lomir [Isradipine] Multi- nary artery; lipoprotein A; lysophosphatidic center Study in Israel acid LOMSA  left otitis media suppurativa acuta Lp(a)  lipoprotein A LOMSC, LOMSCh  left otitis media suppu- LPAI  low-pathogenic avian influenza rativa chronica LPAM  L-phenylalanine mustard Lo Na  low sodium LPB, Lp(b)  lipoprotein B Long  longitudinal LPBP  low-profile bioprosthesis LONIR  Laboratory of Neuro-Imaging Re- LPC  laser photocoagulation; late positive sources component; leukocyte-poor cell; linear  248 predictive coding; lipocortin; longitudinal Lpro  longitudinal prospective [trial] primary care [program]; lysophosphatidyl- LPS  lateral premotor system; levator palpe- choline brae superioris; linear profile scan; link LPCh  lateroposterior choroidal power status; lipase; lipopolysaccharide; Lo- LPCM  low-placed conus medullaris vastatin Pravastatin Study; low pain sensitiv- LP/cm  line pairs per centimeter ity LPCT  late proximal cortical tubule Lps  liters per second LPD  Lovelace Patient Database; low-protein LPSR  lipopolysaccharide receptor diet; luteal phase defect; lymphoproliferative LPT  Language Proficiency Test; lipotropin disease LPTP  Laboratory Proficiency Test Program LPDF  lipoprotein-deficient fraction LPV  lapine parvovirus; left portal view; left LPDS  lymph node–positive dataset pulmonary veins; lopinavir LPE  lipoprotein electrophoresis; liquid phase LPVP  left posterior ventricular preexci­ epitaxy; lysophosphatidylethanolamine tation LPF  leukocytosis-promoting factor; leuko- LPV/RTV  lopinavir/ritonavir penia factor; lipopolysaccharide factor; lo- LPW  lateral pharyngeal wall calized plaque formation; low-pass filter; Lpw  lumens per watt low-power field; lymphocytosis-promoting LPX, Lp-X  lipoprotein-X factor LPyV  lymphotropic polyomavirus Lpf  low-power field LQ  linear quadratic; longevity quotient; lor- LPFB  left posterior fascicular block dosis quotient; lower quadrant LPFN  low-pass filtered noise LQS  Lexicon Query Service Specifications LPFS  low-pass filtered signal LQT  long QT [syndrome] LPG  left paracolic gutter; lipophosphogly- LQTS  long QT syndrome can LR  labeled release; laboratory references; LPH  lactase-phlorizin hydrolase; left poste- laboratory report; labor room; lactated Ring- rior hemiblock; lipotropic pituitary hormone er’s [solution]; large reticulocyte; latency LPHA  local public health agency reaction; latency relaxation; lateral rectus; LPHAS  limb/pelvis hypoplasia/aplasia syn- lateral retinaculum; left hand; left handed; drome left rotation; level of recommendation; level LPHD  lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin of risk; light reaction; light reflex; likelihood disease ratio; limb reduction; limit of reaction; livedo LPHL  lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin reticularis; local recurrence; logistic regres- lymphoma sion; low renin; lymphocyte recruitment LPI  left posterior-inferior; lysinuric protein L-R  left to right intolerance L/R  left/right ratio LPIFB  left posteroinferior fascicular block LR[+]  positive likelihood ratio LPIH  left posteroinferior hemiblock LR[−]  negative likelihood ratio LPK  liver pyruvate kinase L&R  left and right LPL  left precordial lead; lethal–potentially Lr  lawrencium; limes reacting dose [least lethal; lichen planus–like lesion; lipoprotein amount of toxin that will produce a reaction] lipase; local probability of lesion; lympho- Lr  limes reacting dose [least amount of toxin plasmacytic lymphoma that will produce a reaction] LPLA  lipoprotein lipase activity LRA  local relevance aggregation; low right LPM  lateral pterygoid muscle; leverage atrium and parallelepiped mechanism; liver plasma LRC  learning resource center; lipid research membrane clinic; lower rib cage Lpm  lines per minute; liters per minute LRC-CDPT  Lipid Research Clinics Coro- Lp/mm  line pairs per millimeter nary Drug Project Trial LPN  Licensed Practical Nurse LRC-CPPT  Lipid Research Clinics Coronary LPO  lactoperoxidase; left posterior oblique; Primary Prevention Trial light perception only; lipid peroxidation LRCMB  Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Mo- LPOHH  large paraesophageal hiatus hernia lecular Biology LPOp  lipid peroxidation potential LRC-MFS  Lipid Research Clinics Mortality LPP  large plaque parapsoriasis; lateral pter- Follow-Up Study ygoid plate LRCP  Licentiate of the Royal College of LPPH  late postpartum hemorrhage Physicians; low-risk chest pain LPR  lactate-pyruvate ratio; laryngopharyn- LRCS  Licentiate of the Royal College of geal reflux; late-phase reaction Surgeons  249 LRCSE  Licentiate of the Royal College of LRYGBP  laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric Surgeons, Edinburgh bypass LRD  living related donor LS  lateral septum; lateral suspensor; leader LRDT  living related donor transplant sequence; learning system; least; left sacrum; LRE  lamina rara externa; leukemic reticulo- left septum; left side; legally separated; endotheliosis; lymphoreticuloendothelial Leigh syndrome; leiomyosarcoma; length of LREC  language resources and evaluation stay; Leriche syndrome; Letterer-Siwe [dis- LREH  low renin essential hypertension ease]; Licentiate in Surgery; lichen sclerosis; LRES  long-range evaluation system life sciences; light scanning; light scattering; LRes  limited resuscitation light sensitive, light sensitivity; light sensor; Lretro  longitudinal retrospective light sleep; Likert score; liminal sensation; LRF  latex and resorcinol formaldehyde; liver linear scanning; linear scleroderma; lipid residue factor; luteinizing hormone–releasing synthesis; liver and spleen; long sleep; longi- factor tudinal section; longitudinal study; Lowe LRG  leucine-rich glycoprotein syndrome; low-sodium [diet]; lower strength; LRH  likelihood ratio for heterogeneity; lu- lumbar spine; lumbosacral; lung surfactant; teinizing hormone–releasing hormone lymphosarcoma LRI  lamina rara interna; Learning Retinal L-S  Letterer-Siwe [disease]; lipid-saccharide Implant [system]; lower respiratory illness/ L:S  lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio infection; lymphocyte reactivity index L/S  lactase/sucrase ratio; lecithin/sphingo- LRL  lower rate limit myelin ratio; lipid/saccharide ratio; longitu- LRLT  living related donor transplantation dinal section; lumbosacral LRM  left radical mastectomy; logistic re- L&S  liver and spleen gression model LSA  left sacroanterior; left subclavian ar- LRMP  last regular menstrual period tery; leukocyte-specific activity; lichen scle- LRN  Laboratory Response Network; lateral rosus et atrophicus; lymphosarcoma reticular nucleus; low-risk neonatal LS&A  lichen sclerosus et atrophicus LROP  lower radicular obstetrical paralysis LSAH  Longitudinal Study of Astronaut LRP  lichen ruber planus; linear resolution Health pattern; lipoprotein receptor–related protein; LSANA  leukocyte-specific antinuclear anti- long-range planning body LRPC  Long-Range Planning Committee LSA/RCS  lymphosarcoma/reticulum cell Lr-PET  low-resolution positron emission to- sarcoma mography LSB  least significant bit; left sternal border; LRQ  lower right quadrant left scapular border; long spike burst; lower LRR  labyrinthine righting reflex; leucine- sternal border; lumbar sympathetic block rich repeat; light reflection rheography; local LSBE  low-segment Barrett esophagus regional recurrence; locoregional recur- LS-BMD  lumbar spine bone mineral density rence; locoregional relapse; lymph return LSC  last sexual contact; late systolic click; rate least significant change; left side colon can- LRS  laboratory results; lactated Ringer solu- cer; left subclavian; lichen simplex chroni- tion; lateral recess stenosis; lateral recess cus; liquid scintillation counting; liquid-solid syndrome; low rate of stimulation; lumbora- chromatography; locus subcoeruleus dicular syndrome LSc  local scleroderma LRSB  lower right sternal border LScA  left scapuloanterior LRSDS  long-range standoff-detection sys- LSCL  lymphosarcoma cell leukemia tem LSCM  laser scanning confocal microscopy LRSF  lactating rat serum factor; liver-regen- LScP  left scapuloposterior erating serum factor LSCS  lower segment cesarean section L-Rsh, L-R shunt  left-right shunt LSCT  lung cancer screening test LRSS  late respiratory systemic syndrome LSCVP  left subclavian central venous pres- LRT  lateral reticular nucleus; living related sure transplant; local radiation therapy; long ter- LSD  laryngeal sound discrimination; least minal repeat; Lovastatin Restenosis Trial; significant difference; least significant lower respiratory tract digit; low-sodium diet; lysergic acid di- LRTI  lower respiratory tract illness; lower ethylamide respiratory tract infection LSD-25  lysergic acid diethylamide LRV  Lato River virus; left renal vein; Leish- LSDIS  large-scale distributed information mania RNA virus system  250 LSE  least squares error; left sternal edge LSSP-PCR  low-stringency single specific LSect  longitudinal section primer polymerase chain reaction LSEM  loaned self-measurement LST  lateral spinothalamic tract; lateral spread- LSEP  left somatosensory evoked potential; ing tumor; left sacrotransverse; leishmanin lumbosacral somatosensory evoked poten- skin test; life-sustaining treatment tial LSTAT  life support for trauma and trans- LSER  linear solvation energy relationship port LSF  linear spread function; low saturated fat; LSTL  laparoscopic tubal ligation lymphocyte-stimulating factor LSU  lactose-saccharose-urea [agar]; life LSFB  least squares forward backward support unit LSG  labial salivary gland; losigamone LSV  lateral sacral vein; left subclavian vein; LSGP  leukocyte sialoglycoprotein lesser saphenous vein; Lone Star virus; lon- LSH  laparoscopic supracervical hysterecto- gitudinal sound velocity my; lutein-stimulating hormone; lymphocyte- LSVC  left superior vena cava stimulating hormone LSVT  large-scale vocabulary test; left saphe- LSHTM  London School of Hygiene and nous vein thrombophlebitis Tropical Medicine LSWA  large amplitude slow wave activity LSI  large-scale integration; latent semantic LT  heat-labile toxin; laboratory technolo- indexing; life satisfaction index; List of Seri- gist, laboratory technology; laminar tomog- als Indexed; lumbar spine index raphy; Laplace transform; laryngeal tube; LSIL  low-grade squamous intraepithelial le- left; left thigh; left thoracic; less than; lethal sion time; lethal toxin; leukotriene; Levin tube; LSK  liver, spleen, kidneys levothyroxine; light; line termination; liver LSKM  liver-spleen-kidney megaly transplantation; long term; low temperature; LSL  left sacrolateral; left short leg; lympho- lumbar traction; lymphocytic thyroiditis; sarcoma leukemia lymphocytotoxin; lymphotoxin; syphilis LSM  laser scanning microscopy; late sys- [lues] test tolic murmur; least square matching; least L-T3  L-triiodothyronine square mean; lymphocyte separation medi- L-T4  L-thyroxine um; lysergic acid morpholide Lt  left; light; low tension LSN  large-scale networking; left substantia LTA  leukotriene A; lipoate transacetylase; nigra; Licensed School Nurse lipotechoic acid; local tracheal anesthesia; LSNWG  Large Scale Networking Working long-term archives; lost-time accident Group LTAC  long-term acute care LSO  lateral superior olive; left salpingo- L-TAP  Lipid Treatment Assessment Project oophorectomy; left superior oblique; lumbo- LTAS  lead tetraacetate Schiff sacral orthosis LTB  larparoscopic tubal banding; laryngo- LSP  left sacroposterior; linguistic string tracheobronchitis; leukotriene B project; liver-specific protein; lymphocyte- LTBI  latent tuberculosis infection specific protein LTBMC  long-term bone marrow culture LSp  life span LTC  large transformed cell; leukotriene C; L-Spar  asparaginase (Elspar) lidocaine tissue concentration; long-term LSP-MLP  linguistic string project medical care; lysed tumor cell language processor L1TC  level 1 trauma center LSPV  left superior pulmonary vein LTCF  long-term care facility LSR  lanthanide shift reagent; laser skin re- LTCIC, LTC-IC  long-term culture-initiating surfacing; lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio; left cell superior rectus; liver/spleen ratio LTCS  low transverse cervical section LSRA  low septal right atrium LTD  Laron-type dwarfism; laterodorsal teg- LSRO  Life Sciences Research Office mental [nucleus]; leukotriene D; long-term LSS  latest starting shift; Life Span Study; [cortical] depression; long-term disability life support station; liver-spleen scan; lumbar LTE  laryngotracheoesophageal; leukotriene E spinal stenosis; lumbosacral spine LT-ECG  long-term electrocardiography LSSA  lipid-soluble secondary antioxidant LTF  lactotransferrin; lateral tegmental field; LS-SEDUHS  Longitudinal Study on Socio- lipotropic factor; lymphocyte-transforming Economic Differences in Utilization of factor Health Services LTFU  lost to follow-up LS-SEHD  Longitudinal Study on Socio- LTG  lamotrigine; long-term goal; low- Economic Health Differences tension glaucoma  251 LTH  lactogenic hormone; local tumor hyper- LUQ  left upper quadrant thermia; low temperature holding; luteotrop- LURD  living unrelated donor ic hormone LUS  laparoscopic ultrasound; lower uterine LTI  lupus-type inclusion segment LTK  laser thermokeratoplasty; leukocyte ty- LUSB  left upper scapular border; left upper rosine kinase sternal border Lt lat  left lateral LUT  look-up table LTLT  low temperature, long time LUTO  lower urinary tract obstruction LTM  lean tissue mass; long-term memory LUTS  lower urinary tract symptoms LTMs  leukotriene-modifying agents LUV  large unilamellar vesicle LTN  lateral telangiectatic nevus LUZ  left upper zone LTNP  long-term nonprogressor LV  laryngeal vestibule; latent virus; lateral LTO2  long-term oxygen therapy ventricle; lecithovitellin; left ventricle, left LTOT  long-term oxygen therapy ventricular; Lentivirus, leucovorin; leukemia LTP  laryngotracheoplasty; lateral thigh per- virus; leukosis virus; live vaccine; live virus; forator; Learning Technologies Project; leu- livedo reticularis; low voltage; low volume; kocyte thromboplastin; lipid transfer protein; lumbar vertebra; lung volume; lupus vulgar- long-term potentiation; L-tryptophan is; lyssavirus LTPA  leisure-time physical activity Lv  brightness or luminance; leave LTPP  lipothiamide pyrophosphate LVA  left ventricular aneurysm; left vertebral LTR  laryngotracheal reconstruction; location artery transactivating region; long terminal repeat LVAD  left ventricular assist device LTRA  leukotriene receptor antagonist; long- LVap  apical aspect of left ventricle term repopulating ability L-variant  a defective bacterial variant that LTS  laboratory tests; least trimmed squares; can multiply on hypertonic medium long-term survival/survivor LVAS  left ventricular assist system LTST  low-temperature stabilization technol- LVbas  lateral basilar left ventricle ogy LVBP  left ventricular bypass pump LTT  lactose tolerance test; leucine tolerance LVC  low-viscosity cement test; limited treadmill test; lymphocyte trans- LVCS  low vertical cesarean section formation test LVD  left ventricular dysfunction LTV  lung thermal volume LVd  latent viroid; left ventricle, distal LTW  Leydig cell tumor in Wistar rat LVDD  left ventricular diastolic dimension LTX  liver transplantation LVDd  left ventricular diastolic dimension; LU  left upper; loudness unit; Lupron; lytic left ventricular dimension in end diastole unit LVDI  left ventricular dimension L&U  lower and upper LVDP  left ventricular developed pressure; Lu  lutetium left ventricular diastolic pressure LUC  large unstained cell; luciferase LVDT  linear variable differential transformer LUCL  lateral ulnar collateral ligament LVDV  left ventricular diastolic volume LUE  left upper extremity LVE  left ventricular ejection; left ventricular LUF  lesion underdose factor; luteinized un- enlargement ruptured follicle LVED  left ventricular end diastole LUFS  luteinized unruptured follicle syn- LVEDA  left ventricular end-diastolic area drome LVEDC  left ventricular end-diastolic cir- LUKV  Lukuni virus cumference LUL  left upper eyelid; left upper limb; left LVEDD  left ventricular end-diastolic diam- upper lobe; left upper lung eter; left ventricular end-diastolic dimension Lumb  lumbar LVEDI  left ventricular end-diastolic volume LUMD  lowest usual maintenance dose index LUMO  lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LVEDP  left ventricular end-diastolic pres- LUMPS  liver unit management protocol sure system LVEDV  left ventricular end-diastolic vol- LUNA  laparoscopic uterine nerve ablation ume LUO  left ureteral orifice LVEF  left ventricular ejection fraction LUOQ  left upper outer quadrant LVEJT  left ventricular ejection time LUP  left ureteropelvic; low urethral pres- LVEP  left ventricular ejection pressure; left sure ventricular end-diastolic pressure; low- LUPV  left upper pulmonary vein voltage electric pulse  252 LVESD  left ventricular end-systolic diame- LVS  laryngovideostroboscopy; left ventricu- ter; left ventricular end-systolic dimension lar strain; live vaccine strain LVESV  left ventricular end-systolic volume LVs  left ventricular system LVESVI  left ventricular end-systolic volume LVSEMI  left ventricular subendocardial index myocardial ischemia LVET  left ventricular ejection time; low- LVSI  left ventricular systolic index; lympho- volume eye test vascular space invasion LVETI  left ventricular ejection time index LVSO  left ventricular systolic output LVF  left ventricular failure; left ventricular LV-SO  left ventricular site of origin function; left visual field; low-voltage fast; LVSP  left ventricular systolic pressure low-voltage foci LVST  lateral vestibulospinal tract LVFP  left ventricular filling pressure LVSV  left ventricular stroke volume LVFT2  left ventricular slow filling time LVSW  left ventricular stroke work LVFW  left ventricular free wall LVSWI  left ventricular stroke work index LVG  left ventriculogram LVT  left ventricular tension; levetiracetam; LVH  large vessel hematocrit; left ventricular lysine vasotonin hypertrophy LVV  left ventricular volume; Le Veen valve; LVI  left ventricular insufficiency; left ven- live varicella vaccine; live varicella virus tricular ischemia; lymphovascular invasion LVW  left ventricular wall; left ventricular LVID  left ventricular internal dimension work LVIDd  left ventricle internal dimension in LVWI  left ventricular work index diastole LVWM  left ventricular wall motion LVIDd  left ventricle internal dimension in LVWT  left ventricular wall thickness end diastole LW  lacerating wound; lateral wall; Lee- LVIDs  left ventricle internal dimension in White [method] systole L&W, L/W  living and well LVIDs  left ventricle internal dimension in Lw  lawrencium [obsolete] end systole LWA  low weight for age LVIV  left ventricular inflow volume LWBS  leaving without being seen LVL  large-volume lipoplasty; left vastus LWCT  Lee-White clotting time lateralis LWK  large white kidney LVLG  left ventrolateral gluteal LWP  lateral wall pressure LVM  left ventricular mass; left ventricular LWS  Lowry-Wood syndrome mass index LX  local irradiation; lower extremity; lym- LVMF  left ventricular minute flow phatic metastases cannot be assessed LVmid  midanterior left ventricle Lx  larynx; latex; lower extremity; lux LVN  Laguerre-Volterra network; lateral ven- L-XRF  L x-ray fluorescence tricular nerve; lateral vestibular nucleus; Li- LXT  left exotropia censed Visiting Nurse; Licensed Vocational LY  lactoalbumin and yeastolate; lymphocyte Nurse Ly  a T-cell antigen used for grouping T LVO  left ventricle outflow lymphocytes into different classes LVOH  left ventricle outflow [tract] height LyD  lysis deficiency LVOT  left ventricular outflow tract LYDMA  lymphocyte-detected membrane LVOTG  left ventricular outflow tract gradient antigen LVOTO  left ventricular outflow tract ob- LYES  liver yang exuberance syndrome struction LYG  lymphomatoid granulomatosis LVOV  left ventricular outflow volume LYM  lymph nodes LVP  large volume parenteral [infusion]; left Lym, lymph  lymphocyte, lymphocytic ventricular pressure; levator veli palatini; LyNeF  lytic nephritic factor lysine-vasopressin Lyo  lyophilized LVp  left ventricle, proximal LYP  lactose, yeast, peptone [agar]; lower LVPFR  left ventricular peak filling rate yield point LVPmax  maximum left ventricular pressure LYS, Lys  lysine; lysodren LVPmin  minimum left ventricular pressure lys  lysine LVPW  left ventricular posterior wall LySLk  lymphoma syndrome leukemia LVQ  learning vector quantization Lyso-PC  lysophosphatidyl phosphatidylcholine LVR  loviride lytes  electrolytes LVRD  left ventricular replacement device LYZ  lysozyme LVRS  lung volume reduction surgery LZM, Lzm  lysozyme  253 M4  leukemia monoblastic differentiation M M4  myelocyte at the fourth stage of matura- tion M5  monoblastic leukemia M5  metamyelocyte M6  erythroleukemia with dyserythropoiesis and megaloblastosis M  blood factor in the MNS blood group sys- M6  band form in the sixth stage of myelo- tem; chin [Lat. mentum]; concentration in cyte maturation moles per liter; death [Lat. mors]; dullness M7  megakaryoblastic leukemia [of sound, Lat. mutitas]; macerate; macro- M7  polymorphonuclear neutrophil globulin; macroscopic magnetization vector; M/10  tenth molar solution magnetization; magnification; male; malig- M/100  hundredth molar solution nant; married; masculine; mass; massage; m  electron rest mass; electromagnetic mo- maternal contribution; matrix; mature; maxi- ment; magnetic moment; magnetic quantum mum; mean; meatus; median; mediator; number; male; mass; median; melting [tem- medical, medicine; medium; mega; megohm; perature]; metastable; meter; milli-; minim; membrane; memory; mental; mesial; metab- minimum; minute; molality; molar [decidu- olite; metanephrine; metastases; meter;  ous tooth]; mutated methionine; methotrexate; Micrococcus; Mi- μ  lowercase Greek letter mu; chemical po- crospora; minim; minute; mitochondria; mi- tential; electrophoretic mobility; heavy chain tosis; mix, mixed, mixture; mobility; molar of immunoglobulin M; linear attenuation co- [permanent tooth, solution]; molarity; mole; efficient; magnetic moment; mean; micro; molecular; moment of force; monkey; mono- micrometer; micron; mutation rate; permea- cyte; month; morgan; morphine; mother; bility motile; mouse; mucoid; mucous; multipara; m−1  per meter murmur; muscle; muscular response to an m2  square meter electrical stimulation of its motor nerve; My- m3  cubic meter cobacterium; Mycoplasma; myeloma or m8  spin quantum number macroglobulinemia [component]; myopia; MA  macrophage aggregate; malignant ar- strength of pole; thousand [Lat. mille] rhythmia; management and administration; M-  mega- [106] mandelic acid; Martin-Albright [syndrome]; M0  leukemia with large granular blasts masseter; Master of Arts; maternal age; ma- and negative myeloperoxidase; no distant trix; maximum amplitude; mean arterial; tumor metastases; no metastases; no tumor mechanical activity; medial amygdaloid; metastases medical assistance; medical audit; medical M1  breast tumor, no distant metastases; dis- authorization; mega-ampere; megaloblas- tant metastases; distant tumor metastases; tic anemia; megestrol acetate; membrane leukemia with poorly differentiated myelo- antigen; menstrual age; mental age; men- blasts; primary motor area tum anterior; metatarsus adductus; meter- 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M, 5M  first, second, angle; methacrylic acid; microadenoma; third, fourth, fifth metatarsal microagglutination; microalbuminuria; mi- M1  mitral component [first heart sound]; croaneurysm; microscopic agglutination; mitral first [sound]; myeloblast; slight dull- Miller-Abbott [tube]; milliampere; mito- ness chondrial antibody; mitogen activation; mi- M2  breast tumor, distant metastases; leuke- totic apparatus; mixed agglutination; mobile mia with myeloblasts with differentiation and agent; moderately advanced; monoamine; Auer rods monoarthritis; monoclonal antibody; motor 2-M  2-microglobulin area; movement artifacts; moving average; M2  dose per square meter of body surface; multiple action; muscle activity; mutagenic marked dullness; promyelocyte activity; myelinated axon; myoclonic ab- M3  leukemia with hypergranular promyelo- sences cytes and multiple Auer rods MA-104  embryonic rhesus monkey kidney 3-M [syndrome]  initials for Miller, McK- cells usick, and Malvaux, who first described the MA-111  embryonic rabbit kidney cells syndrome MA-163  human embryonic thymus cells M/3  middle third MA-184  newborn human foreskin cells M3  absolute dullness; myelocyte at the third M/A  male, altered [animal]; mood and/or stage of maturation affect  254 Ma  mass of atom mAChR  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mA, ma  milliampere; meter-angle MacMV  Maclura mosaic virus mÅ  milliangstrom MACR  mean axillary count rate ma  milliampere mACR  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor μA  microampere macro  macrocyte, macrocytic; macro­ MAA  macroaggregated albumin; maleyl- scopic acetoacetic acid; Medical Assistance for the MACS  maximum aortic cusp separation; Aged; melanoma-associated antigen; meth- Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study; myris- acrylic acid; microphthalmia (or anophthal- toylated alanine-rich protein kinase C sub- mos) with associated anomalies; moderate strate aplastic anemia; monoarticular arthritis MACT  maximum achievable control tech- MAAC  maximum allowable actual charges nology MAACL  Multiple Affect Adjective Check MACTAR  McMaster-Toronto arthritis and List rheumatism [questionnaire] MAAGB  Medical Artists Association of MACV  Machupo virus Great Britain MAD  major affective disorder; mandibulo- MAAP  multiple arbitrary amplicon profil- acral dysplasia; master accession data- ing base; maximum allowable dose; mean MAAS  Multicenter Anti-Atherosclerosis axis direction; median absolute deviation; Study; Multicenter Antiatheroma Study methylandrostenediol; mind-altering drug; MAB, MAb, mAB  maintained intentional minimum average dose; mitotic arrest defec- bias; monoclonal antibody tive; mucosal atomization device; multiple m-AB  m-aminobenzamide autoimmune disorder; myoadenylate deami- MABIS  Munich and Berlin Infarction nase Study mAD, MADA  muscle adenylate deami- MABP  mean arterial blood pressure nase; myoadenylate deaminase Mabs, mABs, mAbs  monoclonal anti- MADAM  Moexipril as Antihypertensive bodies Drug After Menopause [study] MAC  MacConkey [broth]; magnetic authen- mADAM  mouse A disintegrin and A metal- tication code; major ambulatory category; loprotease malignancy-associated changes; maximum MadCAM  mucosal addressin cell adhesion aerobic capacity; maximum allowable con- molecule centration; maximum allowable cost; medi- MADD  Mothers Against Drunk Driving; cal alert center; membrane attack complex; multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency message authentication code; midarm cir- MADDS   monoacetyldiaminodiphenylsul- cumference; minimum alveolar concentra- fone tion; minimum antibiotic concentration; MADGE  microliter array diagonal gel elec- mitral annular calcium; modulator of adenyl- trophoresis ate cyclase; monitored anesthesia care; mul- MADIT  Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator tiaccess catheter; Mycobacterium avium Implantation Trial complex MADIT/CES  Multicenter Automatic Defi- MACAS  Marburg Cardiomyopathy Study brillator Implantation Trial Cost Effectiveness MacCAT-CR  MacArthur Competence As- Study sessment Tool for Clinical Research MADPA  Medicaid Antidiscriminatory Drug MACCEs  major adverse cardiac and cere- Pricing and Patient Benefit Restoration Act bral events MADRS  Medicare Automated Data Re- MACDP  Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital trieval System; Montgomery-Asberg Depres- Defects Program sion Rating Scale MACE  main adverse coronary event; major MADT  morphology alteration and disinte- adverse cardiac events; major cardiac event; gration test Mayo Asymptomatic Carotid Endarterecto- MADU  methylaminodeoxyuridine my [trial] MADV  Madrid virus MAC-ei  minimum alveolar concentration, MAE  mean absolute error; medical air evac- endotracheal intubation uation; medication administration error; MACEmed  Middleware Architecture Com- 2-methylaminoethanol; moves all extremi- mittee for Education in Medicine ties; multilingual aphasia examination; myo- macer  maceration clonic astatic epilepsy MACH  machine activity; Mortality Assess- MAF  macrophage activation factor; macro- ment in Congestive Heart Failure [study] phage agglutinating factor; maximum atrial  255 fragmentation; minimum audible field; minor MAIPA  monoclonal antibody–specific im- allele frequency; mouse amniotic fluid mobilization of platelet antigens MAFD  manic affective disorder MAIR-IR  multiple attenuated internal re- MAFF  Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries flexion infrared [spectroscopy] and Food MAIS  manual axial in-line stabilization; MAFH  macroaggregated ferrous hydroxide mild androgen insensitivity syndrome MAFI  MedicAlert Foundation Interna- MAJIC  Mayo Japan Investigation on Chron- tional ic Total Occlusion MAG  mercaptoacetyltriglycerine; multi- MAKA  major karyotypic abnormality tumor aberrant growth; myelin-associated MAL  malemide; midaxillary line; motor ac- glycoprotein tivity log Mag  magnesium Mal  malate; malfunction; malignancy mAg  minor antigen mal  malaise; male; malposition mag  large [Lat. magnus]; magnification Mal-BSA  maleated bovine serum albumin mag cit  magnesium citrate MALD  matrix-assisted laser desorption MAGE  melanoma antigen MALDI  matrix-assisted laser desorption/ MAGF  male accessory gland fluid ionization MAggF  macrophage agglutination factor MALDI-MS  matrix-assisted laser desorp- MAGIC  Magnesium in Cardiac Arrest tion/ionization mass spectrometry [trial]; Magnesium in Coronaries [trial]; mi- MALDI-TOF  matrix-assisted laser desorp- croprobe analysis generalized intensity cor- tion/ionization time of flight rection; mouth (or mucosal) and genital MALG  Minnesota antilymphoblast globulin ulceration with inflamed cartilage [syn- MALiMET  Master List of Medical Indexing drome] Terms MAGICA  Magnesium in Cardiac Arrhyth- MALLS  multiangle laser light scattering mia [trial] MALS  magnetic alignment and light scatter- magn  large [Lat. magnus]; magnification ing MAGP  microfibril-associated glycoprotein MALT  male, altered [animal]; mucosa- MAGPIE  Magnesium Sulfate Compared associated lymphoid tissue; Munich Alcohol- with Placebo in Pre-Eclampsia [study] ism Test MAGUK  membrane-associated guanylate MALTOMA  mucosal associated lymphoid kinase tissue lymphoma MAGV  Maguari virus MALV  Malakal virus MagV  mag virus MAM  median age at menarche; metaboli- MAH  macronodular adrenal hyperplasia cally active mass; methylazoxymethanol mAH, mA-h  milliampere-hours mam  milliampere-minute; myriameter MAHA  microangiopathic hemolytic ane- M+Am  compound myopic astigmatism mia 6-MAM  monoacetyl-morphine MAHH  malignancy-associated humoral hy- MAMA  medical application multimedia au- percalcemia thoring; monoallelic mutation analysis; MAHI, MAHIV  medically acquired human monoclonal antimalignin antibody; Mothers immunodeficiency [virus] Against Misuse and Abuse MaHR  major hematologic response MAM Ac  methylazoxymethanol acetate MAHST  Multicenter Austrian Hemodilu- MAMC  mean arm muscle circumference tion Stroke Trial mA-min, ma-min  milliampere-minute MaHV  Macropodid herpesvirus Mammo  mammogram, mammography MAI  Medication Appropriateness Index; MAN  mannose; manual endoscopic instru- microscopic aggregation index; miscarriage ment after infertility; movement assessment of  Man  mannose infants; multilevel assessment instrument; man  manipulate Mycobacterium avium infection; Mycobacte- MANA  mannosidase alpha rium avium-intracellulare MANB  mannosidase beta MAIDS  mouse acquired immunodeficiency ManBP  mannan-binding protein syndrome mand  mandible, mandibular MAIESTRO  The Michael Reese Hospital MANET  mobile ad-hoc network Institute of Technology Expert System for manifest  manifestation Stroke manip  manipulation MAIN  medication induced, autoimmune, MANOVA  multivariate analysis of vari- infectious, and neoplastic ance  256 MAN-6-P  mannose-6-phosphate tion administration record; microanalysis MANU  manufactured object reagent; minimal angle resolution; mixed an- MANV  Manzanilla virus tiglobulin reaction; multiple aberration re- MAO  Master of the Art of Obstetrics; max- gion; multivariate autoregressive [model] imal acid output; monoamine oxidase mar  margin; marker MAOA  monoamine oxidase A MARAV  Maraba virus MAOB  monoamine oxidase B MARC  machine-readable catalog/catalog- MAOI  monoamine oxidase inhibitor ing; Multicenter Asthma Research Collabo- MAP  malignant atrophic papulosis; man- ration; multifocal and recurrent choroidopathy dibular angle plane; maturation-activated MARCKS  myristoylated alanine-rich pro- protein; maximal aerobic power; maximum tein C kinase substrate a posteriori; mean airway pressure; mean MarHV  Marmomid herpesvirus aortic pressure; mean arterial pressure; Medi- MARIAC  Magnetic Resonance Image Anal- cal Audit Program; megaloblastic anemia of ysis Research Centre pregnancy; memory algorithm processor; MarMV  Maracuja virus mercapturic acid pathway; methyl accep- MARS  magnetic anchor retinal stimulation; tor protein; methylacetoxy-progesterone; medical archival system; Medical Article Re- methylaminopurine; microtubule-associated cord System; methionyl-transfer ribonucleic protein; minimum audible pressure; mitogen- acid synthetase; Mevinolin Atherosclerosis activated protein; modified atmosphere pack- Regression Study; Missouri Automated Ra- aging; moment angle plotter; monophasic diology System; mobile autonomous robot action potential; motor [nerve] action poten- software; molecular adsorbent recirculating tial; mouse antibody production; multiphasic system; molecular adsorbents system; Moni- algorithmic protocol; multiple antigen pep- tored Atherosclerosis Regression Study; tide; muscle action potential; mussel adhe- mouse antirat serum; multivariate adaptive sive protein regression spline MAPA  muscle adenosine phosphoric acid MARSA  methicillin-aminoglycoside–resis- MAPC  migrating action potential complex tant Staphylococcus aureus MAPCA  major aortopulmonary collateral MAR/SAR  matrix attachment region/scaf- artery fold attachment region MAPE  mean absolute percentage error MART  multiplicative algebraic reconstruc- MAPF  microatomized protein food tion technique MAPHY  Metoprolol Atherosclerosis Pre- MARV  Marburg virus vention in Hypertension [study] mar(X)  marker X [chromosome] MAPI  microbial alkaline protease inhibitor; MAS  macrophage activation syndrome; Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory magic angle spinning; Manifest Anxiety MAPK  mitogen-activated protein kinase Scale; marker-assisted selection; maximum MAPK-K  mitogen-activated protein kinase average score; McCune-Albright syndrome; kinase meconium aspiration syndrome; medical ad- MAPKP  mitogen-activated protein kinase ministrative services; medical advisory ser- phosphatase vice; medical audit study; meiosis activation MAPP  multiple asynchronous parallel pro- sterol; mesoatrial shunt; milk-alkali syn- cessing drome; milliampere-second; minor axis MAPPET  Management Strategy and Prog- shortening; mitral aortic septum; mobile arm nosis of Pulmonary Embolism Trial support; monoclonal antibodies; Morgagni- MAPREC  mutant analysis by polymerase Adams-Stokes [syndrome]; motion analysis chain reaction and restriction enzyme cleav- system; motor assessment scale; multiagent age system; multiple access server; myoclonic MAPS  Make a Picture Story [test]; Micro- astatic seizures AIDS Processing System; morphokinetic  mA-s, mas  milliampere-second algorithms to predict success; Multidimen- MASA  Medical Association of South Afri- sional Affect and Pain Survey; Multivessel ca; mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling Angioplasty Prognosis Study gait, adducted thumbs [syndrome]; mutant MAPT  microtubule-associated protein tau allele specific amplification MAPV  Mapputta virus; mean area–peak MASC  Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for value Children MAR  main admissions room; marasmus; masc  masculine; mass concentration marrow; matrix attachment region; maximal MASCIS  Multicenter Animal Spinal Cord aggregation ratio; mean atrial rate; medica- Injury Study  257 MAS-ECMO  meconium aspiration syn- viscosity; movement arm vector; myeloblas- drome extracorporeal membrane oxygen- tosis-associated virus ation MAVD  mixed aortic valve disease MASER  microwave amplification by stimu- MAVERIC  Midlands Trial of Empirical lated emission of radiation Amiodarone vs. Electrophysiological Guided MASH  mobile Army surgical hospital; mul- Intervention and Cardioverter Implant in tiple automated sample harvester Ventricular Arrhythmias MASK  Medical Anatomy Segmentation Kit MAVIS  mobile artery and vein imaging sys- masl  meters above sea level tem MASS  Medicine, Angioplasty, or Surgery MAVR  mitral and aortic valve replacement Study MAX  maxadilan mass  massage max  maxilla, maxillary; maximum massc  mass concentration MaxDu  maximum duration MAST  Managing Anticoagulation Services MaxEP  maximum esophageal pressure Trial; medical antishock trousers; Michigan MAYV  Mayaro virus Alcohol Screening Test; military antishock MB  Bachelor of Medicine [Lat. Medicinae trousers; motion artifact suppression tech- Baccalaureus]; buccal margin; General Mod- nique eling Bayesian Fitting; isoenzyme of creatine mast  mastectomy; mastoid kinase containing M and B subunits; mammil- MAST-E  Multicentre Acute Stroke Trial- lary body; Marsh-Bender [factor]; maximum Europe breathing; medulloblastoma; megabyte; me- MAST-I  Multicenter Acute Stroke Trial- siobuccal; methyl bromide; methylene blue; Italy microbiologic assay; multibacillary; muscle MASU  mobile Army surgical unit balance; myocardial band MAT  manual arts therapist; Master of Arts Mb  megabase; megabit; million bases; in Technology; mean absorption time; me- mouse brain; myoglobin dial axis transform; medical assistance team; mb  millibar medical augmentation team; methionine ad- μB  Bohr magneton enosyltransferase; microagglutination test; μb  microbar minimal access technique; multifocal atrial MBA  methylbenzyl alcohol; methyl bovine tachycardia; multiple agent therapy albumin Mat, mat  maternal; mature MBAC  Member of the British Association MATC  maximum allowable toxicant con- of Chemists centration MBAR  myocardial beta adrenergic receptor MATCH  Matching Alcoholism Treatment to mbar  millibar Client Heterogeneity μbar  microbar MatD  maternal disomy MBAS  methylene blue active substance MatDp  maternal duplication MBB  modified barbiturate buffer MATE  Medicine vs. Angiography for MBBG  metabromobenzylguanidine Thrombolytic Exclusions [trial] MBBS  Medicinae Baccalaureus/Bachelor of mat gf  maternal grandfather Surgery mat gm  maternal grandmother MBC  male breast cancer; maximal blad- MATH  Modern Approach to Treatment of der capacity; maximal breathing capacity; Hypertension [study] memory B cell; metastatic breast cancer; MATIS  Mathematics Tools Integration Sys- methyl-1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimid- tem azole-carbamate; methylthymol blue com- MATSA  Marek-associated tumor-specific plex; microcrystalline bovine collagen; antigen minimum bactericidal concentration; moving MATTIS  Multicenter Aspirin and Ticlopi- blood cells dine Trials After Intracoronary Stenting MB-CK  creatine kinase isoenzyme contain- MATTUS  Minimal Access Therapy Train- ing M and B subunits ing Unit-Scotland MBCL  monocytoid B-cell lymphoma MATV  Matucare virus MbCO  carbon monoxy myoglobin MAU  multiattribute utility MBCR  Molecular Biology Computational MAUS  Mammography Attitudes and Usage Resource Study MBCS  medical billing and coding specialist MAUT  multiattribute utility theory MBD  Marchiafava-Bignami disease; maxi- MAV  mechanical auditory ventricle; mini- mum bactericidal dilution; metabolic bone mal alveolar ventilation; minimum apparent disease; methylene blue dye; methyl-binding  258 domain; minimal brain damage; minimal MBTA  modeling better treatment advice brain dysfunction; Morquio-Brailsford dis- MBTH  3-methyl-2-benzothiazoline hydra- ease zone MBDG  mesiobuccal developmental groove MBTI  Myers-Briggs type indicator MBE  medium below elbow [cast] MBVT  Munich and Berlin Trial for Sus- MBEC  mouse brain endothelial cell tained Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias MBF  medullary blood flow; mesenteric MC  mass casualties; mast cell; Master of blood flow; muscle blood flow; myocardial Surgery [Lat. Magister Chirurgiae]; maxi- blood flow mum concentration; Medical Corps; medium MBFC  medial brachial fascial compartment chain; medullary cavity; medullary cyst; MBFLB  monaural bifrequency loudness bal- megacoulomb; melanocortin; melanoma cell; ance menstrual cycle; Merkel cell; mesiocervical; MbFV  mite-borne filamentous virus mesocaval; metacarpal; methyl cellulose;  MBG  Marburg [disease]; mean blood glu- microcephaly; microcholecystectomy; mi- cose; morphine-benzedrine group crocirculation; microscopic colitis; midcapil- MBH  medial basal hypothalamus lary; mineralocorticoid; mini-catheterization; MBH2  reduced methylene blue minimal change; mitomycin C; mitotic  MBHI  Millon Behavioral Health Inventory cycle; mitral commissurotomy; mixed cellu- MBHO  managed behavioral health care or- larity; mixed cryoglobulinemia; monkey cell; ganization mononuclear cell; mucous cell; musculocuta- MBHR  mesh-based hernia repair neous; myocardial channeling; myocarditis MBI  Maslach Burnout Inventory; maximum M/C  male, castrated [animal] blink index M-C  mineralocorticoid MBK  methyl butyl ketone M&C  morphine and cocaine MBL  mannose-binding lectin; Marine Bio- Mc  megacurie; megacycle logical Laboratory; menstrual blood loss; Mc  mitral closure minimum bactericidal level mC  millicoulomb MBLA  methylbenzyl linoleic acid; mouse- mc  millicurie specific bone-marrow–derived lymphocyte μC  microcoulomb; first concept; second antigen concept MbLV  mite-borne latent virus μc  microcurie MBM  meat and bone meal; mineral basal MCA  major coronary artery; Maternity Cen- medium ter Association; mean cell area; medical care MBNOA  Member of the British Naturo- administration; Medicines Control Agency; pathic and Osteopathic Association methylcholanthrene; microchannel architec- MBO  management by objectives; mesio- ture; middle cerebral artery; monoclonal  buccoocclusal antibody; mucinlike carcinoma-associated MBO2  oxymyoglobin antigen; multichannel analyzer; multiple MBOV  Mboke virus congenital anomaly MBP  major basic protein; maltose-binding MCAB  monoclonal antibody protein; management by policy; mannose- MCAD  medium chain acyl-CoA dehydroge- binding protein; mean blood pressure;  nase melitensis, bovine, porcine [antigen]; mesio- MCAF  monocyte chemotactic and activat- buccopulpal; myelin basic protein ing factor MBPM  modified backward Prony method MCA/MR  multiple congenital anomaly/ MBPS  multigated blood pool scanning mental retardation [syndrome] Mbps  megabits per second; myeloblastic MCAO  middle cerebral artery occlusion syndrome MCAR  mixed cell agglutination reaction MBq  megabecquerel MCARE  managed care MBR  methylene blue, reduced MCAS  middle cerebral artery syndrome MBRT  methylene blue reduction time MCAT  medical chemical advisory team; MBS  Martin-Bell syndrome; media broad- medical college admission test; middle cere- band service; modified barium swallow bral artery thrombosis; Multimedia Cardiac MBSA  methylated bovine serum albumin Angiogram Tool; myocardial contrast ap- MBSI  multichannel blind system identifica- pearance time tion MCAV  Macaua virus MBT  maternal blood type; mercaptobenzo- MCB  master cell bank; membranous cyto- thiazole; meridian-based therapy; mixed bac- plasmic body; monochlorobimane terial toxin; myeloblastin McB  McBurney [point]  259 mCBF  mean cerebral blood flow MCF  macrophage chemotactic factor; me- MCBIT  Munich Coronary Bypass Interven- dian cleft face; medium corpuscular fragility; tion Trial method conversion factor; microcomplement MCBM  muscle capillary basement mem- fixation; mink cell focus forming; mononu- brane clear cell factor; myocardial contraction MCBR  minimum concentration of bilirubin force MCBS  Medicare Current Beneficiary Sur- MCFA  medium-chain fatty acid; miniature vey centrifugal fast analyzer MCBV  minimum conditional bias/variance MCFP  mean circulating filling pressure MCBW  mass casualty biological weapon MCFSR  mean circumferential fiber shorten- MCC  mean corpuscular hemoglobin con- ing rate centration; measles control campaign; medial MCG  magnetocardiogram; membrane cell cell column; Medical Council of Canada; graft; membrane coating granule; monoclo- medical information communication control- nal gammopathy ler; metacarpal-carpal; metacerebral cell; mcg  microgram metastatic cord compression; microcalcifica- MCGC  metacerebral giant cell tion cluster; microcrystalline cellulose; mi- MCGF  mast cell growth factor crocrystalline collagen; midstream clean MCGN  mesangiocapillary glomerulone- catch; minimum complete-killing concentra- phritis; minimal change glomerulonephritis; tion; mucocutaneous candidiasis; mutated in mixed cryoglobulinemia with glomerulone- colorectal cancer phritis MC-C  metacarpal-carpal MCGNX  mesangiocapillary glomerulone- MCCA  mean common carotid artery; Medi- phritis, X-linked care Catastrophic Care Act; Medicare Cata- MCH  Maternal and Child Health; mean strophic Coverage Act cell hemoglobin; mean corpuscular hemo- MCCD  minimum cumulative cardiotoxic globin; medical college hospital; melanin- dose concentrating hormone; mucous cell MCCI  medical care component of the con- hyperplasia; muscle-contraction headache sumer price index; medical cost-control ini- MCh  Master of Surgery [Lat. Magister tiative Chirurgiae]; methacholine MCCPI  medical care component of the con- mc-h, mch  millicurie-hour sumer price index μch  microcurie-hour MCCU  mobile coronary care unit M-CHAT-R/F  Modified Checklist for Au- MCD  magnetic circular dichroism; mast tism in Toddlers-Revised, with Follow-up cell degranulation; mean cell diameter; MCHB  Maternal and Child Health Bureau mean central dose; mean corpuscular diam- MCHC  maternal/child health care; mean cell eter; mean of consecutive differences; Med- hemoglobin concentration; mean corpuscular icaid competition demonstration; medical hemoglobin concentration; mean corpuscular concepts dictionary; medullary collecting  hemoglobin count duct; medullary cystic disease; metacarpal MChD  Master of Dental Surgery cortical density; minimal cerebral dysfunc- MCHgb  mean corpuscular hemoglobin tion; minimal change disease; multiple  MChir  Master in Surgery [Lat. Magister carboxylase deficiency; muscle carnitine de- Chirurgiae] ficiency MChOrth  Master of Orthopaedic Surgery MCDI  Minnesota Child Development In- MChOtol  Master of Otology ventory MCHR  Medical Committee for Human MCDK  multicystic dysplastic kidney Rights MCDNP  medullary cystic disease/nephroli- mc-hr  millicurie-hour thiasis disease μC-hr  microcurie-hour MCDP  mast cell degranulating peptide MCHS  Maternal and Child Health Service MCDU  mercaptolactate-cysteine disulf- MCI  mean cardiac index; methicillin; iduria mild cognitive impairment; molecular con­ MCE  maximum credible event; medical care nectivity index; mucociliary insufficiency; evaluation; military clinical engineering; multiple-casualty incident; muscle contrac- multicystic encephalopathy; multiple carti- tion interference laginous exostosis; myocardial contrast MCi  megacurie echocardiography mCi  millicurie MCES  medical care evaluation study; mul- μCi  microcurie tiple cholesterol emboli syndrome MCICU  medical coronary intensive care unit  260 MCID  minimum clinically important differ- mCPP  meta-chlorophenylpiperazine ence MCPPP  metacarpophalangeal pattern pro- M-CIDI  Munich Composite International file plot Diagnostic Interview MCPS  Member of the College of Physicians MCi-hr  millicurie-hour and Surgeons μCi-hr  microcurie-hour Mcps  megacycles per second MCINS  minimal change idiopathic nephrot- MCPT  Monte Carlo photon transport ic syndrome MCQ  multiple-choice question MCK  multicystic kidney MCR  Medical Corps Reserve; melanocortin MCKD  multicystic kidney disease receptor; message competition ratio; meta- MCL  Macintosh common lisp; mantle cell bolic clearance rate; myotonia congenita, lymphoma; maximum containment labora- recessive type tory; maximum contaminant level; medial 5-MCR  5-methylchrysene collateral ligament; midclavicular line; mid- mcr  minor breakpoint cluster region costal line; minimal change lesion; mixed MCRA  Member of the College of Radiolo- culture, leukocyte; modified chest lead; most gists, Australasia comfortable loudness; mucocutaneous leish- MCRD  monolithic controlled release device maniasis; multiple cutaneous leiomyomata; MCRE  mother-child relationship evaluation myeloid cell leukemia MCRglc  cerebral metabolic rate for glucose MCLC  medial collateral ligament complex MCRI  Multifactorial Cardiac Risk Index MCLNS, MCLS  mucocutaneous lymph mCRPC  metastatic castration-resistant pros- node syndrome tate cancer MClSci  Master of Clinical Science MCS  malignant carcinoid syndrome; man- MCM  medical core metadata; methyl- aged care system; massage of the carotid malonic coenzyme A mutase; minimum sinus; mechanical circulatory support; medi- capacitation medium; multi-chip module; cal computing services; Meharry Cohort multicompartmental model Study; mesocaval shunt; method of constant MCMC  Markov Chain Monte Carlo [meth- stimuli; methylcholanthrene sarcoma; micro- od] culture and sensitivity; middle coronary MCMI  Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory sinus; Miles-Carpenter syndrome; minimally MCMM  Monte Carlo multiple minimum conscious state; Minnesota Coronary Survey; [method] moisture-control system; multicenter study; MCMV  murine cytomegalovirus multiple chemical sensitivity; multiple clon- MCN  maternal child nursing; minimal ing site; multiple combined sclerosis; myo- change nephropathy; mixed cell nodular cardial contraction state MCNS  minimal change nephrotic syndrome MC & S microscopy, culture, and sensi­ MCO  managed care organization; medical tivity care organization; multichannel option; mul- mc/s  megacycles per second ticystic ovary MCSA  Moloney cell surface antigen MCommH  Master of Community Health MCSD  minimum clinically significant dif- mcoul  millicoulomb ference μcoul  microcoulomb MCSDS  Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirabil- MCOV  Marco virus; modified covariance ity Scale MCP  major capsid protein; maximum clo- MCSDT  Minnesota Coronary Survey Di- sure pressure; maximum contraction pattern; etary Trial medical command physician; melanocortin MCSF, (M)-CSF macrophage colony–stim- receptor; melphalan, cyclophosphamide, ulating factor and prednisone; membrane cofactor pro- MCSP  Member of the Chartered Society of tein; metacarpophalangeal; metoclopramide; Physiotherapists mitotic-control protein; monocyte chemotac- mCSP, MCSPG melanoma-specific chon- tic protein; Monte Carlo program; mucin clot droitin sulfate proteoglycan prevention McSPI  Multicenter Study of Perioperative MCP-1  monocyte chemotactic protein 1 Ischemia MCPA  Member of the College of Patholo- MCSW  male commercial sex worker gists, Australasia MCT  manual cervical traction; mean cell MCPH  metacarpophalangeal thickness; mean cell threshold; mean circula- MCPJ  metacarpophalangeal joint tion time; mean corpuscular thickness;  MCPP  metacarpophalangeal pattern profile; medial canthal tendon; medium-chain tri- metacarpophalangeal profile glyceride; medullary carcinoma of thyroid;  261 medullary collecting tubule; microtoxicity MDAC  multiple-dose activated charcoal; test; microwave coagulation therapy; micro- multiplying digital-to-analog converter wave computed tomography; minimal com- MDACC  M.D. Anderson Cancer Center mon tagset; multiple compressed tablet MDAD  mineral dust airway disease μCT  micro-computed tomography MDAP  Machover Draw-A-Person [test] MCTC  metrizamide computed tomography MDB  medulloblastoma; Mental Deteriora- cisternography tion Battery MCTD  mixed connective tissue disease MDBDF  March of Dimes Birth Defect MCTF  mononuclear cell tissue factor Foundation MC/TF  multiple choice/true-false MDBK  Madin-Darby bovine kidney [cell] MCU  malaria control unit; maximum care MDC  macrophage-derived chemokine; unit; micturating cystourethrography; motor major diagnostic categories; metalloprotease cortex unit; multipoint control unit disintegrin cysteine; Metoprolol in Dilated MCUG  micturating cystogram Cardiomyopathy [trial]; minimum detectable MCV  Malvaceous chlorosis virus; mean cell concentration; monocyte-depleted mono- volume; mean clinical value; mean contour nuclear cell; Multicenter Dilated Cardiomy- value; mean corpuscular volume; measles- opathy [trial] containing vaccine; median cell volume; me- mDC  mature dendritic cell ningococcal conjugate vaccine; molluscum MDCK  Madin-Darby canine kidney contagiosum virus; motor conduction veloc- MDCR  Miller-Dieker [syndrome] chromo- ity; myelocytomatosis virus some region MCV4  tetravalent meningococcal conjugate MDCT  multidetector computed tomography vaccine MDCV  Mojui Dos Campos virus MCx  main circumflex [artery] MDD  major depressive disorder; mean daily MCyR  major cytogenic response dose; medical data dictionary; medical de- MD  Doctor of Medicine; magnesium defi- vice directives; minimal detectable dose; ciency; main duct; maintenance dose; major monitored drug dictionary depression; malate dehydrogenase; malig- MDDC  monocyte-derived dendritic cell nant disease; malrotation of duodenum; MDDL  medical device data language manic depressive; Mantoux diameter; Marek MDDS  Malmö Diet and Disease Study; disease; maternal deprivation; maximum medical diagnostic decision support dose; mean deviation; Meckel diverticulum; MDE  major depressive episode; major duct mediastinal disease; medical department; excision; minimum defibrillation energy; Medical Design [brace]; mediodorsal; medi- molecular distance edge um dosage; mendelian dominant gene; Me- MDEBP  mean daily erect blood pressure niere disease; meningococcal disease; MDEG  mammalian degenerin Menkes disease; mental deficiency; mental MDentSc  Master of Dental Science depression; mesiodistal; methyldifluoroar- MDEV  medical device sine; Miller-Dieker [syndrome]; Minamata MDF  mean dominant frequency; myocardial disease; minimum dose; mitral disease, depressant factor mixed diet; moderate disability; molecular MDFA  multiple developmental field anoma- diagnostics; molecular dynamics; monocular lies deprivation; movement disorder; multidrug; MDFC  multidirectional flow chamber multiple deficiency; muscular dystrophy; MDFD  map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy mutual information; myelodysplasia; myo- MDG  mean diastolic gradient; methylade- cardial damage; myocardial disease; myo- nine deoxyribonucleic acid glycosylase tonic dystrophy MDGF  macrophage-derived growth factor Md  mendelevium MDGs  Millennium Development Goals md  median MDH  malate dehydrogenase; medullary MDA  malondialdehyde; manual dilation of dorsal horn anus; mass drug administration; methylene MDHR  maximum determined heart rate dianiline; 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; MDHV  Marek disease herpesvirus minimal deviation adenocarcinoma; moder- MDI  manic-depressive illness; metered-dose ate disease activity; monodehydroascorbate; inhaler; methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; motor discriminative acuity; Müllerian duct Michelson Doppler imager; multidirectional anomaly; multivariant discriminant analysis; instability; multiple daily injection; multiple mutation detection enhancement; right men- document interface; multiple dosage insulin; toanterior Multiscore Depression Inventory MDa  megadalton MDIA  multidimensional interaction analysis  262 MDI-A  metered-dose inhaler with aero- MDR TB  multidrug resistance in tuber­ chamber culosis MDI-DED  metered-dose inhaler with MDR-TB  multidrug-resistant tuberculosis delivery-enhancement device MDRV  Mill Door virus MDIPT  Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarc- MdRV  Musca domestica reovirus tion Trial MDS  Master of Dental Surgery; maternal MDIS  medical diagnostic imaging support; deprivation syndrome; medical data screen- medical diagnostic imaging system ing; medical data source; medical data sys- MDIT  mean disintegration time tem; medical device system; mesonephric MDK  midkine duct system; microdilution system; milk MDL  minimum description length; mini- drinker’s syndrome; Miller-Dieker syn- mum detection limit drome; minimum dataset; monophasic MDLIS  molecular diagnostic laboratory in- damped sine; Mood Disorders Service; mor- formation system pheme database; multidimensional scaling; MDLS  Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syn- myelodysplastic syndrome; myocardial de- drome pressant substance MDM  medical decision making; mid- MDS+  minimum dataset (plus) diastolic murmur; minor determinant mix; MDS/AML  myelodysplastic syndrome and monocyte-derived macrophage acute myeloblastic leukemia MDMA  methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDSBP  mean daily supine blood pressure MD-MPH  Doctor of Medicine–Master of MDSC  muscle-derived stem cell Public Health MD/SC  multidrug/short course MDMU  medical devices for military use MDS-HC ACP  minimum dataset home-care mdn  median assessment clients protocol MDNB  mean daily nitrogen balance; meta- MDSO  mentally disturbed sex offender dinitrobenzene MDSP  multiple diagnostic services program MDNCF  monocyte-derived neutrophil che- MDSS  medical decision support system motactic factor MDT  maggot debridement therapy; mast MDNV  Maiden virus [cell] degeneration test; mean dissolution MDO  minimum detectable object time; median detection threshold; multidisci- MDOPA, mdopa  methyldopa plinary team; multidrug therapy; right men- MDOV  Monte Dourado virus totransverse MDP  manic-depressive psychosis; maxi- MDTP  multidisciplinary treatment plan mum diastolic potential; maximum digital MDTR  mean diameter/thickness ratio pulse; methylene diphosphate; microsomal MDUO  myocardial disease of unknown ori- dipeptidase; minimum distending pressure; gin muramyldipeptide; muscular dystrophy, pro- MDV  Main Drain virus; Marek disease gressive; right mentoposterior virus; mean dye velocity; mucosal disease MDPD  maximum daily permissible dose virus; multidose vial MD-PhD  combined degree in medicine and MDW  monophasic defibrillation waveform science MDX  Medical Internet Exchange MDPIT  Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarc- MDY  month, date, year tion Trial Mdyn  megadyne MDPK  myotonic dystrophy protein kinase ME  macular edema; malic enzyme; manic MDQ  memory deviation quotient; Menstru- episode; maximum effort; maximum entropy; al Distress Questionnaire; minimum detect- median eminence; medical education; medi- able quantity cal examiner; meningoencephalitis; meno- MDR  median duration of response; medical pause educator; mercaptoethanol; metabolic device reporting; minimum daily require- energy; metabolic equivalent; metabolism; ment; multidrug resistance/resistant metamyelocyte; microembolism; microenvi- mdr  multidrug resistance ronment; middle ear; mouse embryo; mouse MDRD  Modification of Diet in Renal Dis- epithelial [cell]; muscle examination; myal- ease [study] gic encephalomyelitis; myoclonic epilepsy; MDRE  multidrug-resistant Enterococcus myoelectric; myoepithelial MDREF  multidrug-resistant enteric fever M/E  myeloid/erythroid ratio MDRP  multidrug resistance protein M+E, M&E  monitoring and evaluation MDRS  Mattis Dementia Rating Scale 2-ME  2-mercaptoethanol MDRSP  multidrug-resistant Streptococcus Me  menton; methyl pneumoniae μE  microelectrode  263 MEA  male-enhanced antigen; Medical Ex- MEDAS  medical emergency decision-assis- hibition Association; mercaptoethylamine; tance system monoethanolamine; multi-electrode array; MEDCEN  medical center multiple endocrine abnormalities; multiple MEDCOM  medical command endocrine adenomatosis MEDDAC  medical department activity 3MeA  3-methyladenine MedDRA  Medical Dictionary for Regula- MEAC  Measles Elimination Advisory Com- tory Activities mittee MedDX  medical diagnosis mEAD  monophasic action potential early MEDEVAC, Medevac  medical evacuation afterdepolarization MEDEX, Medex  extension of physician MEADOW  Method Alternative: Distal Oc- [Fr. médicin extension] clusion and Wash-out in Saphenous Vein MEDIC  multiecho data image combination Graft [study] medic  military medical corpsman MEA-I  multiple endocrine adenomatosis Medi-Cal  Medicaid in California type I MEDICO  Medical International Coopera- MEANS  modular electrocardiogram analy- tion sis system MEDICS  Medway Integrated Care Support MEAP  multiphasic environmental assess- MED-IDDM  multiple epiphyseal dysplasia– ment procedure insulin dependent diabetes mellitus meas  measurement MEDIGATE  Medical Examination Direct MEAV  Meaban virus Iconic and Graphic Augmented Test Entry MEB  Medical Evaluation Board; muscle- MEDIHC  Military Experience Directed Into eye-brain [disease] Health Careers MeB  methylene blue MedIndEx  medical indexing expert ME-BH  medial eminence of basal hypo- MEDINFO  medical informatics thalamus MEDIPP  medical district-initiated planning MEBS  muscle-eye-brain syndrome program MeBSA  methylated bovine serum albumin MEDIPRO  medical district-initiated peer MEC  mammary epithelial cell; median ef- review organization fective concentration; middle ear canal; MEDIS-DC  Medical Information System middle ear cell; minimum effective concen- Development Center tration; mobile examination center MEDIX  medical data interchange mec  meconium MED-LAN  medical center with local area MECA  methylcholanthrene network MECC  mini extracorporeal circulation MedLAN  Medical Local Area Network MeCCNU  methylchloroethylcyclohexylni- MEDLARS  Medical Literature Analysis and trosourea Retrieval System MECG  mixed essential cryoglobulinemia MedLEE  Medical Language Extraction and MECM  Midwest Ethics Committee Net- Encoding work MedPAC  Medicare Payment Advisory MECP  methyl-CpG-binding protein Commission MECTA  mobile electroconvulsive therapy MEDPAR  medical provider analysis and re- apparatus view MECY  methotrexate and cyclophosphamide MEdREP  Medical Education Reinforce- MED  median erythrocyte diameter; medical; ment and Enrichment Program medical electronic desktop; Medical Entities MEDRIS  Medical Records Interface or Dictionary; medication, medicine; minimum Input System effective dose; minimum erythema dose; MEDS  minimum emergency dataset; Mor- multiple epiphyseal dysplasia tality in Emergency Department Sepsis MED50  median effective dose for mild [score] cognitive impairment of the exposed popula- meds  medications tion MEDScD  Doctor of Medical Science med  medial; median; medication; medi- MEDSTATS  Medical Statistics Expert Sys- cine, medical; medium tem MEDAC  multiple endocrine deficiency, Ad- Med-surg  medicine and surgery dison disease, candidiasis [syndrome] MEDSYNDIKATE  Synthesis of Distributed MEDAL  Medical Algorithms [project] Knowledge Acquired from Medical Text MED-ART  Medical Automated Records Med Tech  medical technologist, medical Technology technology  264 MED-TEP  Medical Treatment Effectiveness memb  membrane, membranous Program MEME  Metathesaurus Enhancement and MEE  measured energy expenditure; methyl­ Maintenance Environment ethyl ether; middle ear effusion; multilocus MEmerg Nsg  Master in Emergency Nurs- enzyme electrophoresis ing MEES  medical element engineering and MEM-FBS  minimal essential medium with simulation fetal bovine serum MEF  maximal expiratory flow; middle ear MEMR  multiple exostoses-mental retarda- fluid; midexpiratory flow; migration en- tion [syndrome] hancement factor; mouse embryo fibroblast MEMRs  middle ear muscle reflexes MEF50  mean maximal expiratory flow MEMS  medication event monitoring sys- MEFR  maximal expiratory flow rate tem; microelectromechanical system MEFV  maximal expiratory flow volume MEN  meningitis; multiple endocrine neo- MEG  magnetoencephalogram, magnetoen- plasia cephalography; megakaryocyte; Megestrol; men  meningeal; meningitis; meniscus; mercaptoethylguanidine; multifocal eosino- menstruation philic granuloma MEND  Medical Education for National De- MeG  methylguanine fense meg  megacycle; megakaryocyte; megalo- MENG  magnetoenterography blast MEN-I  multiple endocrine neoplasia, type I Meg-CSA  megakaryocyte colony-stimulat- MENT  maximum entropy [algorithm] ing activity ment  mental, mentality MEGD  minimal euthyroid Graves disease MENTOR  Medtronic Wiktor Hepamed mEGF  mouse epidermal growth factor Stent Trial MEGG  mucosal electrogastrogram MEO  malignant external otitis MegMV  Megakepasma mosaic virus 5-MeODMT  5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-trypt- MEGS  Montefiore endovascular graft sys- amine tem MeOH  methyl alcohol Megs  maternally expressed genes MEOS  microsomal ethanol oxidizing sys- MEGX  monoethylglycinexylidide tem mEH  membrane-bound epoxide hydrolase MEP  maximum expiratory pressure; mean MEHP  Metoprolol in Elderly Hypertensive effective pressure; mepiridine; minimum Patients [study] error point; mitochondrial encephalopathy; MEI  master encounter index; maximally ex- molecular electrostatic potential; motor end posed individual; Medicare economic index plate; motor evoked potential MEIA  microparticle enzyme immunoassay mep  meperidine MEII  minimum essential information infra- 6-MeP  6-mercaptopurine structure MEPAS  mobility-assist for paralyzed, am- MEK  methylethylketone putee, and spastic patients MEL  melphalan; metabolic equivalent level; MEPC  miniature end plate current miniature electromechanical latch; mouse 6-MeP-dR  6-mercaptopurine deoxyribo- erythroleukemia side mel  melanoma; melena M-Epi  epicardium and M regions MELAS  mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, MEPP  miniature end plate potential lactic acidosis, and strokelike symptoms MEPS  Medical Expenditure Panel Survey [syndrome] MEPS-IC  Medical Expenditure Panel Sur- MEL B  melarsoprol vey-Insurance Component MELC  murine erythroleukemia cell mEQ, mEq, meq  milliequivalent mel-CSPG  melanoma-specific chondroitin mEq/L  milliequivalents per liter sulfate proteoglycan MER  mean ejection rate; medical emergen- MELD  model for end-stage liver disease cy room; Merck Index Online; methanol ex- MELD/PELD  Model for End-Stage Liver traction residue; microelectrode recording; Disease/Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease murmur/energy ratio MELODHY  Metoprolol Low Dose in Hy- MERB  Medical Examination and Review pertension [study] Board MELV  Melao virus MERC  multiple ejaculation, resuspension, MEM  macrophage electrophoretic mobility; and centrifugation malic enzyme, mitochondrial; minimal Eagle MERCATOR  Multicenter European Re- medium; minimal essential medium search Trial With Cilazapril After Angioplasty  265 to Prevent Transluminal Coronary Obstruc- meth  methyl tion and Restenosis Met-Hb, met-Hb, metHb  methemoglo- MERFF  myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red bin fibers MeTHF  methyltetrahydrofolic acid MERG  macular electroretinogram Met-hGH  N-methionyl recombinant human MERIT  Medical Records, Images, Texts In- growth hormone formation Exchange MetMb  metmyoglobin MERIT-HF  Metoprolol Controlled-Release METR  miniature electronic temperature re- Randomised Intervention Trial in Heart Fail- corder ure METS  Medical Equipment Technical Soci- MERRF  myoclonus epilepsy with ragged ety; metabolic equivalents red fibers [syndrome] MetS  metabolic syndrome MERRLA  myoclonus epilepsy, ragged red mets  metastases fibers, lactic acidosis [syndrome] METT  maximum exercise tolerance test MERS  Middle East respiratory syndrome; MEU  maximum expected utility mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with re- MEV  maximum exercise ventilation; meva- versible splenial lesion; Multiagency Elec- lonate; minimal excursionary ventilation; tronic Regulatory Submission murine erythroblastosis virus MES  maintenance electrolyte solution; max- MeV  measles virus; megaelectron volts imal electroshock; maximal electroshock mev  megaelectron volts seizures; microembolic signal; Minitran Ef- MEWD, MEWDS  multiple evanescent ficacy Study; multiple endocrine syndrome; white dot syndrome myoelectric signal MEXIS  Metoprolol and Xamoterol Infarc- Mes  mesencephalic, mesencephalon tion Study MESA  Marshfield Epidemiologic Study MF  magnetic field; magnification factor; Area; Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; maximal force; mean field; meat free; medi- myoepithelial sialadenitis um frequency; megafarad; membrane filler; Mesc  mescaline merthiolate formaldehyde; metacarpal fu- MESCH  Multi-Environment Scheme sion; microfibril; microfilament; microfloc- MESF  molecules of equivalent soluble fluo- culation; microscopic factor; mid frequency; rochrome midcavity forceps; mitochondrial fragments; MeSH  Medical Subject Headings mitogenic factor; mitomycin-fluorouracil; MESNA  [sodium 2-]mercaptoethanesulfo- mitotic figure; mucosal fluid; multifactorial; nate multiplication factor; mutation frequency; MESOR  midline estimating statistic of mycosis fungoides; myelin figure; myelofi- rhythm brosis; myocardial fibrosis; myofibrillar MesPGN  mesangial proliferative glomeru- M&F  male and female; mother and father lonephritis M:F, M/F  male/female ratio MESS  mangled extremity severity score Mf  maxillofrontale MEST  Medical Equipment Technical Soci- mF  millifarad ety; mouse ear swelling test mf  microfarad; microfilaria MESV  murine embryonic stem cell virus μF, μf  microfarad MET  maximal exercise test; metabolic equiv- MFA  Master of Fine Arts; mean field an- alent of the task; metastasis, metastatic;  nealing; metabolic flux analysis; monofluo- methionine; midexpiratory time; modality ex- roacetate; multifocal functional autonomy; amination terminal; multistage exercise test multiple factor analysis Met  methionine MFAQ  Multidimensional Functional As- met  metallic; methionine sessment Questionnaire META  medical editors trial accounting; MFAT  multifocal atrial tachycardia medical editors trial amnesty; Metathesau- MFB  medial forebrain bundle; metallic for- rus; 3-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitate an- eign body; multiple feedback hydride MFC  mean fluorescence channel; medical Meta  Metathesaurus follow-up clinic; minimal fungicidal concen- metab  metabolic, metabolism tration metas  metastasis, metastatic MFCM  Master, Faculty of Community Met-Enk  methionine-enkephalin Medicine METEOR  managing end-to-end operations MFCV  muscle fiber conduction velocity METH  methicillin MFD  mandibulofacial dysostosis; methyl- Meth  methedrine phenidate; midforceps delivery; milk-free  266 diet; minimum fatal dose; multiple fractions MGA  3-methylglutaconicaciduria; Master per day of General Administration; medical gas ana- mfd  microfarad lyzer; melengestrol acetate MFG  magnetic field gradient; minimum- MgATP  magnesium adenosine triphos- distance frontal gyrus phate MFH  malignant fibrous histiocytoma MGB  medial geniculate body; myoglobin MFH-B  malignant fibrous histiocytoma of MGBG  methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) bone MGC  Mammalian Gene Collection; medical MFHom  Member of the Faculty of Home- genetics center; medical genetics clinic; opathy megacolon; minimal glomerular change MFI  male factor infertility; malleable facial MgC  magnocellular neuroendocrine cell implant; mean fluorescence intensity; Multi- MGCE  multifocal giant cell encephalitis dimensional Fatigue Inventory; multi-facility MGCN  megalocornea integration MGCR  meningioma chromosome region MFID  multielectrode flame ionization detec- MGCRB  Medicare Geographic Classifica- tor tion Review Board M-FISH  multiplex fluorescence in situ hy- MGD  maximal glucose disposal; Microbial bridization Germplasm Database; mixed gonadal dys- MFL  myofibril genesis; Mouse Genome Database; multi- m flac  membrana flaccida glandular disease MFLOPS, Mflops megaflops [million float- mg/dL  milligrams per deciliter ing points per second] MGDS  Member in General Dental Surgery MFM  magnetic force microscopy MGEIR  Mouse Gene Expression Informa- MFO  medium frequency oscillator; mid tion Resource field open; mixed function oxidase MGES  multiple gated equilibrium scintigra- MFOM  Master, Faculty of Occupational phy Medicine MGF  macrophage growth factor; maternal MFP  monofluorophosphate; myofascial grandfather pain MGG  May-Grünwald-Giemsa [staining]; M-FPIA  monoclonal fluorescence polariza- molecular and general genetics; mouse gam- tion immunoassay maglobulin; multinucleated giant cell MFPR  multifetal pregnancy reduction MGGH  methylglyoxal guanylhydrazone MFR  mean flow rate; mucus flow rate MGH  Massachusetts General Hospital MFS  Marfan syndrome; Medicare fee mgh  milligram-hour schedule MGI  magnetically guided intubation MFSS  Medical Field Service School MGIT  mycobacterial growth indicator tube MFST  Medical Field Service Technician mg/kg  milligrams per kilogram MFT  multifocal atrial tachycardia; muscle μg/kg  micrograms per kilogram function test MGL  minor glomerular lesion MFTA  molecular field topology analysis Mgl  myoglobin MFUN  molecular function mg/L  milligrams per liter MFUS  Manitoba Follow-up Study μg/L  micrograms per liter MFV  maximal flow-volume [loop] mGluR  metabotropic glutamate receptor MFW  multiple fragment wounds MGM  maternal grandmother; meningioma MG  maintenance goal; Marcus Gunn mgm  milligram [pupil]; margin; mean gradient; medial gas- MGMA  Medical Group Management As- trocnemius; membranous glomerulonephri- sociation tis; menopausal gonadotropin; mesiogingival; MGMT  methylguanine-deoxyribonucleic acid methylglucoside; methylguanidine; mono- methyltransferase clonal gammopathy; monoglyceride; mucous mgmt  management granule; muscle group; myasthenia gravis; MGN  medial geniculate nucleus; membra- myoglobin nous glomerulonephritis M3G  morphine-3-glucuronide MGP  marginal granulocyte pool; marginat- Mg  magnesium ing granulocyte pool; membranous glomeru- m7G  7-methylguanosine lonephropathy; mucin glycoprotein mg  milligram MGPS  hereditary [Montreal] giant platelet μg  microgram syndrome mγ  milligamma MGR  modified gain ratio; multiple gas re- μγ  microgamma breathing  267 mgr  milligram MHDP  methylene hydroxydiphosphonate MGS  metric gravitational system; modified MHDPS  Mental Health Demographic Pro- Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization file System MGSA  malignant growth stimulatory activ- M-HEART  Multi-Hospital Eastern Atlantic ity Restenosis Trial MGT  medical guideline technology; multi- MHFT  Munich Mild Heart Failure Trial ple glomus tumors MHG  metropolitan health group MGUS  monoclonal gammopathies of unde- mHg  millimeter of mercury termined significance μHg  micron of mercury MGV  mean gray value MHHP  Minnesota Heart Health Program MGW  magnesium sulfate, glycerin, and MHHS  Minnesota Heart Health Survey water MHI  malignant histiocytosis of intestine; mGy  milligray Mental Health Index; Mental Health Inven- μGy  microgray tory; minor head injury MH  malignant histiocytosis; malignant hy- MHIQ  McMaster health index question- perpyrexia; malignant hypertension; malig- naire nant hyperthermia; mammotropic hormone; MHL  medial hypothalamic lesion mannoheptulose; marital history; medial hy- MHLC  Multidimensional Health Locus of pothalamus; medical history; melanophore- Control stimulating hormone; menstrual history; MHLS  metabolic heat load stimulator mental health; mental hygiene; moist heat; MHN  massive hepatic necrosis; mental monosymptomatic hypochondriasis; murine health nurse; Mohs hardness number; morbus hepatitis; mutant hybrid; Mycobacterium hemolyticus neonatorum haemophilum; myohyoid MHO  microsomal heme oxygenase mH  millihenry mho  reciprocal ohm, siemens unit μH  microhenry MHP  1-mercuri-2-hydroxypropane; hemi- MHA  major histocompatibility antigen; plegic migraine; maternal health program; May-Hegglin anomaly; Mental Health Amer- medical center health plan; metropolitan ica; Mental Health Association; methemalbu- health plan; monosymptomatic hypochon- min; microangiopathic hemolytic anemia; driacal psychosis; multiskilled health practi- microhemagglutination; middle hepatic ar- tioner tery; mixed hemadsorption; Mueller-Hinton MHPA  mild hyperphenylalaninemia agar MHPG  3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-glycol MHAM  multiple hamartoma MHR  major histocompatibility region; ma- MHAQ  Modified Health Assessment Ques- lignant hyperthermia resistance; maternal tionnaire heart rate; maximal heart rate; methemoglo- M-HART  Montreal Heart Attack Readjust- bin reductase ment Trial MHRA  Medicines and Health Care Prod- MHA-TP  microhemagglutination–Trepone- ucts Regulatory Agency ma pallidum MHRI  Mental Health Research Institute MHAUS  Malignant Hyperthermia Associa- MHS  major histocompatibility system; ma- tion of the United States lignant hyperthermia in swine; malignant MHB  maximum hospital benefit; Mueller- hyperthermia syndrome; malignant hypo- Hinton base thermia susceptibility; Milan hypertensive MHb  methemoglobin; myohemoglobin [rat]; Minnesota Heart Survey; modified hy- MHBSS  modified Hank balanced salt solu- brid sign; multiple health screening; multi- tion hospital system MHC  major histocompatibility complex; MHSA  microaggregated human serum al- mental health care; mental health center; bumin mental health clinic; myosin heavy chain MHSS  Military Health Services System MHCS  Mental Hygiene Consultation Ser- MHT  mixed hemagglutination test vice MHTS  Multiphasic Health Testing Services MHCU  mental health care unit MHV  magnetic heart vector; middle hepatic MHD  maintenance hemodialysis; mean he- vein; mouse hepatitis virus; murine hepatitis molytic dose; mental health department; virus minimization of hypersurface distance; mini- MHW  mental health worker mum hemolytic dilution; minimum hemo- MHx  medical history lytic dose MHyg  Master of Hygiene MHDI  Minnesota Health Data Institute MHz  megahertz  268 MI  magnetic-guided intubation; maturation MICRO  Medical Information Collecting index; medical illustrator; medical informat- Robot ics; medical inspection; melanophore index; micro  microcyte, microcytic; microscopic membrane integrity; menstruation induction; microbiol  microbiology mental illness; mental institution; mercap- microCi  microcurie toimidazole; mesioincisal; metabolic index; microg  microgram microinvasion; microsatellite instability; mi- MICRO-HOPE  Microalbuminuria, Cardio- gration index; migration inhibition; mild irri- vascular and Renal Outcomes–Heart Out- tant; minimally invasive; mitotic index; mitral comes Prevention Evaluation incompetence; mitral insufficiency; mononu- MICS  microincision cataract surgery; Myo- cleosis infectiosa; morphology index; motil- cardial Infarction Cost Study ity index; mutual information; myocardial MICST  Ministry of Industry, Commerce, infarction; myocardial ischemia; myoinositol Science, and Technology MI, M-I  first meiotic metaphase MICT  mobile intensive care technician mi  mile MICU  medical intensive care unit; mobile MIA  missing in action intensive care unit MIAMI  Metoprolol in Acute Myocardial MICUP  management of intensive care unit Infarction [study] and patients MIAS  Mammographic Image Analysis So- MicV  micropia virus ciety MID  maximum inhibiting dilution; mesioin- MIAs  multiinstitutional arrangements; med- cisodistal; midinfarct dementia; minimum ically indigent adults infective dose; minimum inhibitory dose; MIB  management information base; Medi- minimum irradiation dose; multiinfarct de- cal Impairment Bureau; Medical Information mentia; multiple indicator dilution; multiple Bureau; minimally invasive biopsy ion detection MIBG, mIBG  metaiodobenzylguanidine mid  middle MIBI  methoxyisobutyl isonitrile MIDA  myocardial ischemia dynamic analy- MIBiol  Member of the Institute of Biology sis MIBK  methylisobutyl ketone MIDAS  medical image display and analy- MIBT  methyl isatin-beta-thiosemicarbazone sis system; Medical Information Data MIC  maternal and infant care; maximum Analysis System; metal ion–dependent ad- inhibitory concentration; maximum insuffla- hesion site; microphthalmia, dermal aplasia, tion capacity; mean inhibitory concentration; sclerocornea [syndrome]; Multicenter Isra- medical intensive care; Medical Interfrater- dipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study; Myo- nity Conference; methyl isocyanate; microin- cardial Infarction Data Acquisition System  vasive carcinoma; microscopy; minimal [study] inhibitory concentration; minimal isorrheic MIDCAB  minimally invasive direct coro- concentration; minocycline; model immune nary artery bypass complex; mononuclear inflammatory cell; MIDS  Management Information Decision morphologic, immunologic, and cytogenic System MICA  mean internal carotid artery midsag  midsagittal MICAB  minimally invasive coronary artery MIDSPAN  Middle-Aged Span of Life Study bypass surgery MIDV  Middelburg virus MICABG  minimally invasive coronary ar- MIE  minimally invasive esophagectomy tery bypass graft MIEMIS  model for investment and evalua- MICAM  maturation index for colostrum and tion of medical information system mature milk MIF  macrophage migration inhibitory fac- MICC  mitogen-induced cellular cytotoxicity tor; maximum inspiratory flow; maximum MICCAI  Medical Image Computing and inspiratory force; melanocyte[-stimulating Computer-Assisted Intervention hormone] inhibiting factor; merthiolate- MICG  macromolecular insoluble cold glob- iodine-formaldehyde [method]; microimmu- ulin nofluorescence; midinspiratory flow; midline MICN  mobile intensive care nursing interhemispheric fusion; migration inhibitory MICOL  Multicenter Italian Study of Choles- factor; mixed immunofluorescence; mülleri- terol an inhibiting factor MICR  methacholine inhalation challenge MIFC  merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde con- response centration MICRA  Medical Injury Compensation Re- MIFR  maximal inspiratory flow rate form Act MIFT  microinjection fallopian transfer  269 MIG  measles immune globulin; Medicare min  mineral; minim; minimal, minimum; Insured Groups; message implementation minor; minute guideline; Mitochondria Interest Group; mo- μin  microinch nokine induced by interferon gamma MINA  monoisonitrosoacetone MIg  malaria immunoglobulin; measles im- MinDu  minimum duration munoglobulin; membrane immunoglobulin MINIA  monkey intranuclear inclusion mIg  membrane-anchored immunoglobulin agent mIgM  membrane-anchored immunoglobu- MINPHIS  Made in Nigeria Primary Health- lin M care and Hospital Information System MIGT  multiple inert gas elimination tech- MINSAT  minimum cost satisfiability nique MINT  Myocardial Infarction with Novastan MIH  Master of Industrial Health; migraine and Tissue Plasminogen Activator Study with interval headache; minimal intermittent MINV  Minnal virus heparin [dose]; moderate induced hypothermia MIO  metal-induced oxidation; minimum MIHA, MiHA  minor histocompatibility an- identifiable odor; modular input/output tigen MiO  microorchidism MIHR  Management of Intellectual Property MION  monocrystalline iron oxide in Health Research and Development MIOP  magnetic iron oxide particle MII, M-II  second meiotic metaphase MIOS  Myocardial Infarction Onset Study MIIO  minimally invasive intraoperative os- MIP  macrophage inflammatory protein; teosynthesis major intrinsic protein; maximum inspiratory MIKA  minor karyotype abnormalities pressure; maximum-intensity pixel; maxi- MIKE  mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy mum intensity projection; mean incubation MIL  mean intercept length analysis period; mean intravascular pressure; Medical MILESTONE  Multicenter Iloprost European Informatics Programme; middle interphalan- Study on Endangeitis geal; minimal inspiratory pressure; minimal- MILIS  Multicenter Investigation of the Lim- ly invasive parathyroidectomy; minimally itations of Infarct Size invasive procedure MILP  mitogen-induced lymphocyte prolif- mIP  minimum-intensity projection eration Mip  macrophage infectivity potentiator, MILS  medication information leaflet for se- macrophage infectivity promoter niors MIPA  macrophage inflammatory protein MILT  medical laboratory technician alpha MILT-AD  medical laboratory technician as- MIPB  macrophage inflammatory protein beta sociate degree MIPcor  coronary maximum-intensity pro- MILT-C  medical laboratory technician cer- jection tificate MIPO  minimally invasive plate osteosyn- MIM  Mendelian Inheritance in Man; mes- thesis sage information model; Multilateral Initia- MIPP  maximum-intensity pixel projection tive in Malaria MIPPO  minimally invasive percutaneous MIMC  multivane intensity modulation com- plate osteosynthesis pensator MIPS  Martinsried Institute of Protein Se- MIMI  minimalist immediate mechanical in- quences; mean index procedure sum; mil- tervention lions of instructions per second; Munich MIMIC  multivane intensity modulation Information Center for Protein Sequences; compensation myocardial isotope perfusion scan MIMOSA  medical image management in MIR  main immunogenic region; multiple an open system architecture isomorphous replacement MIMR  minimal inhibitor mole ratio MIRACL  myocardial ischemia reduction MIMS  medical information management with aggressive cholesterol lowering system; medical inventory management sys- MIRC  microtubuloreticular complex tem; Migraine and Myocardial Ischemia MIRD  medical internal radiation dose Study MIRL  medical imaging research laboratory; MIMyCa  maternally inherited disorder membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis with adult-onset myopathy and cardiomyop- MIRMO  Medical Information Resources athy Management Office MIN  medial interlaminar nucleus; medical miRNA  micro–ribonucleic acid information network; multiple intestinal neo- MIRON  Medical Information Resources on plasia the Net  270 MIROW  Modeling of Immunization Regis- MITIS  Modular Integrated Transplant Infor- try Operations Workgroup mation System MIRP  myocardial infarction rehabilitation MITO  mitomycin program Mito C  mitomycin C MIRRACLE  Myocardial Infarction Risk MITRA  Maximal Individual Therapy in Recognition and Conversion of Life- Acute Myocardial Infarction Threatening Events into Survival [trial] MITT  minimally invasive thermal therapy; MIRS  mean index resuscitation sum Myers introduction to type MIRSA  Multicenter International Random- mIU  milli–International Unit; one-thou- ized Study of Angina Pectoris sandth of an International Unit MIRU  myocardial infarction research unit μIU  one-millionth of an International Unit MIRU-VNTR  mycobacterial interspersed re- MIVAP  minimally invasive video-assisted petitive-unit variable-number tandem repeat parathyroidectomy MIRV  Mirim virus MIVAT  minimally invasive video-assisted MIS  management information system; man- thyroidectomy ager of information system; medical informa- MIVD  mobile interactive videodisk tion service; medical information system; MIWC  mercurial insensitive water channel meiosis-inducing substance; minimally inva- mix, mixt  mixture sive surgery; motor index score; müllerian MJ  Machado-Joseph [disease]; marijuana; inhibiting substance megajoule MiSAD  Milan Study on Atherosclerosis and mJ, mj  millijoule Diabetes μJ  microjoule MISC  multi–interface sensor controlled MJA  mechanical joint apparatus misc  miscarriage; miscellaneous MJAD  Machado-Joseph Azorean disease MISCHF  management to improve survival MJD  Machado-Joseph disease; Mseleni in congestive heart failure joint disease MISG  modified immune serum globulin MJI  moral judgment interview MISHAP  microcephalus, imperforate anus- MJRT  maximum junctional recovery time syndactyly, hamartoblastoma, abnormal lung MJT  Mead Johnson tube lobulation, polydactyly [syndrome] MK  megakaryocyte; monkey kidney; myo- MISI  multiple input–single input kinase MISJ  Medical Instrument Society of Mk  monkey Japan mkat  millikatal MISNES  Multicenter Italian Study on Neo- μkat  microkatal natal Electrocardiography and Sudden Infant mkat/L  millikatals per liter Death Syndrome MKB  medical knowledge database; mega- MISS  medical image-sharing system; Medi- karyoblast cal Interview Satisfaction Scale; minimally MKC  monkey kidney cell invasive spinal surgery; Modified Injury Se- MKF  MEDLINE Knowledge Finder verity Scale m-kg  meter-kilogram MIST  Management of Influenza in the MKHS  Menkes kinky hair syndrome Southern Hemisphere Trials; Medical Infor- MkK  monkey kidney mation Service by Telephone; Mibefradil MkL  megakaryoblastic leukemia Ischemia Suppression Trial; minimally inva- MKMD  Molecular Knowledge of Metabolic sive surgery and intervention technology; Diseases Multicenter Isradipine Salt Trial MKP  monobasic potassium phosphate MISU  Maternal Interview of Substance MKS, mks  meter-kilogram-second Abuse MKSAP  medical knowledge self-assess- MIT  magnetic induction tomography; male ment program impotence test; marrow iron turnover; Mas- MKT  mean kinetic temperature sachusetts Institute of Technology; mean MKTC  monkey kidney tissue culture input time; melodic intonation therapy; me- MKV  killed measles vaccine tabolism inhibition test; miracidial immobili- ML  Licentiate in Medicine; Licentiate in zation test; mitomycin; monoiodotyrosine Midwifery; malignant lymphoma; mandibu- mit  mitral lar line; marked latency; markup language; MITF  microphthalmia-associated transcrip- maximum likelihood; medial lemniscus; me- tion factor dian load; mediolateral; mesiolingual; middle MITI  Myocardial Infarction Triage and In- lobe; midline; molecular layer; motor laten- tervention [Project] cy; mucolipidosis; mucosal leishmaniasis;  271 multiple lentiginosis; muscular layer; my- MLEM, ML-EM  maximum likelihood ex- eloid leukemia pectation maximization M/L  monocyte/lymphocyte ratio MLF  medial longitudinal fasciculus; mor- M-L  Martin-Lewis [medium] phine-like factor mL  millilambert; milliliter MLFF  multilayer feed forward ml  milliliter MLG  mesiolingual groove; mitochondrial μL  microliter lipid glycogen MLA  left mentoanterior; Medical Library MLGN  minimal lesion glomerulonephritis Association; mesiolabial; monocytic leuke- ML-H  malignant lymphoma, histiocytic mia, acute MLI  mesiolinguoincisal; mixed lymphocyte mLa  millilambert interaction MLAA  Medical Library Assistance Act ML I, II, III, IV  mucolipidosis I, II, III, IV MLAB  Multilingual Aphasia Battery MLL  mixed lineage leukemia; multi-level MLAC  minimum local anesthetic concentra- logistic tion mL/L  milliliters per liter MLAEB  midlatency auditory evoked po­ MLLT1  mixed lineage leukemia translocated tential to 1 MLAEP  midlatency auditory evoked poten- MLLT2  mixed lineage leukemia translocated tial to 2 MLaI  mesiolabioincisal MLM  map of local minima; medical liability MLAP  mean left atrial pressure monitor; medical logic module MLaP  mesiolabiopulpal MLN  manifest latent nystagmus; membra- MLB  microlaryngobronchoscopy; monaural nous lupus nephropathy; mesenteric lymph loudness balance node; motilin MLb  macrolymphoblast MLNS  minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome; MLBP  mechanical low back pain mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome MLBPNN  multilayer back propagation neu- MLO  mediolateral oblique; mesiolinguo- ral network occlusal; Mycoplasma-like organism MLBW  moderately low birthweight MLP  left mentoposterior; match list posi- MLC  midline catheter; minimum lethal con- tion; maximum lifespan potential; medical centration; mixed leukocyte culture; mixed language processing; mesiolinguopulpal;  ligand chelate; mixed lymphocyte concentra- microsomal lipoprotein; midlevel practi- tion; mixed lymphocyte culture; morphine- tioner; multilayer perception; multilocus  like compound; multilamellar cytosome; probe multileaf collimator; myelomonocytic leuke- ML-PDL  malignant lymphoma, poorly dif- mia, chronic; myosin light chain ferentiated lymphocytic MLCCHF  Multicenter Lisinopril Captopril MLR  mean length response; middle latency Congestive Heart Failure [study] response; mineralocorticoid receptor; mixed MLCK  myosin light chain kinase lymphocyte reaction; multilinear regression; MLCN  multilocular cystic nephroma multivariate linear regression MLCO  Member of the London College of MLRD  microgastria–limb reduction defects Osteopathy [association] MLCP  myosin light-chain phosphatase MLS  maximum length sequence; maximum MLCQ  Modified Learning Climate Ques- likelihood estimator; mean lifespan; median tionnaire lifespan; median longitudinal section; MLCT  metal-to-ligand charge transfer microphthalmia–linear skin defects [syn- MLD  manual lymph drainage; masking level drome]; middle lobe syndrome; mouse leu- difference; mean luminal diameter; median kemia virus; multilevel scheme; multiple line lethal dose; metachromatic leukodystrophy; scan; myelomonocytic leukemia, subacute minimal lesion disease; minimal luminal di- MLS-ART  multilevel scheme algebraic re- ameter; minimum lethal dose construction MLD50  median lethal dose MLSB  mid–left sternal border; migrating mL/dL  milliliters per deciliter long spike burst MLE  maximum likelihood estimation; maxi- MLSI  multiple line scan imaging mum likelihood estimator; midline episi­ MLT  left mentotransverse [Lat. mento-laeva otomy transversa]; mean latency time; median le- MLEE  multilocus enzyme electrophoresis thal time; medical laboratory technician MLEI  most likely exposed individual MLT-AD  medical laboratory technician MLEL  malignant lymphoepithelial lesion associate degree  272 MLT(ASCP)  Medical Laboratory Techni- minimum medullary concentration; mitomy- cian certified by the American Society of cin C; mucosal mast cell Clinical Pathologists mμc  millimicrocurie MLTC  mixed leukocyte-trophoblast culture; μμC  micromicrocurie [picocurie] mixed lymphocyte tumor cell MMCO  Medicaid managed care organiza- MLT-C  medical laboratory technician tion certificate MMD  mass median diameter; minimum MLTI  mixed lymphocyte target interaction morbidostatic dose; moyamoya disease; MLU  mean length of utterance myotonic muscular dystrophy MLV  Moloney leukemia virus; Mono Lake MMDB  Molecular Modeling Database virus; multilaminar vesicle; murine leukemia MMDDI  mutual molecular dataset diversity virus index MLVAR  amphotropic receptor for murine MMDTSD  multiscale morphologic deriva- leukemia virus tive transform-based singularity detector MLVDP  maximum left ventricular devel- MME  mini mental examination; M-mode oped pressure echocardiography; mobile medical equip- mlx  millilux ment; mouse mammary epithelium MM  macromolecule; Maëlzels metronome; MMED  Master of Medicine major medical [insurance]; malignant mela- MMEF  maximum midexpiratory flow noma; manubrium of malleus; Marshall- MMEFR  maximum midexpiratory flow rate Marchetti [procedure]; Master of Management; MMEP  microcephaly, microphthalmia, elec- mathematic morphology; medial malleolus; trodactyly, prognathism [syndrome]; multimi- mediastinal mass; medical management; me- croelectrode plate gamitochondria; melanoma metastasis; me- MMF  maxillomandibular fixation; maxi- ningococcal meningitis; menstrually related mum midexpiratory flow; mean maximum migraine; metastatic melanoma; methadone flow; Member of the Medical Faculty; myco- maintenance; minimal medium; mismatched; phenolate mofetil molecular mechanics; morbidity and mortal- μμF  micromicrofarad [picofarad] ity; mucous membrane; multiple model; mul- MMFF  Merck molecular force field tiple myeloma; muscularis mucosae; myeloid MMFR  maximal midflow rate; maximum metaplasia; myelomeningocele mid-expiratory flow rate M&M  morbidity and mortality MMFV  maximum mid-respiratory flow vol- mM  millimolar, millimole; mini-MEDLINE ume mm  methylmalonyl; millimeter; mucous MMG  mean maternal glucose membrane; muscles mμg  millimicrogram mm2  square millimeter μmg  micromilligram [nanogram] mm3  cubic millimeter μμg  micromicrogram [picogram] mμ  millimicron MMH  monomethylhydrazine μM  micromole, micromolar mm Hg  millimeters of mercury μm  micrometer; micromilli- μm Hg  micrometer of mercury μ/μ  mass attenuation coefficient mm H2O  millimeters of water MMA  mastitis, metritis, agalactia [syn- MMI  macrophage migration inhibition; drome]; maxillomandibular advancement; man-machine interface; master member medical management analysis; medical ma- index; maximum medical improvement; terials account; methylmalonic acid; methyl- methylmercaptoimidazole; mucous mem- methacrylate; middle meningeal artery; brane irritation minor morphologic aberration; monomethyl- MMIF  macrophage migration inhibition adenosine; monomethylarsonic acid factor MMAA  mini microaggregates of albumin MMIH  megacystis, microcolon, intestinal MMAD  mass median aerodynamic diameter hypoperistalsis [syndrome] MMAP  mean maternal arterial blood pres- MMIHS  megacystis, microcolon, intestinal sure hypoperistalsis syndrome MMAS  Massachusetts Male Aging Study; MMIRG  Multicenter Myocardial Ischemia modified motor assessment scale Research Group MMATP  methadone maintenance and after- MMIS  Medicaid management information care treatment program system MMC  Materials Microcharacterization Col- MML  medical markup language; Moloney laboratory; mechanical myocardial chan- murine leukemia; monomethyllysine; myelo- neling; migrating myoelectric complex; monocytic leukemia  273 mM/L  millimoles per liter mμs  millimicrosecond MMLV  Moloney murine leukemia virus; MMSA  Master of Midwifery, Society of Montana myotis leukoencephalitis virus Apothecaries MMM  3-M syndrome; marginal metallo- MMSc  Master of Medical Science philic macrophage; microsome-mediated MMSE  Mini Mental State Examination mutagenesis; myelofibrosis with myeloid mm/sec  millimeters per second metaplasia; myelosclerosis with myeloid MMSP  malignant melanoma of soft parts metaplasia mm st  muscle strength μmm  micromillimeter MMT  alpha-methyl-m-tyrosine; manual mus- μmμ  meson cle test; microcephaly, mesobrachydactyly, MMMF  manmade mineral fibers tracheoesophageal fistula [syndrome]; mito- MMMM  megalocornea, macrocephaly, motor chondrial membrane potential; mouse mam- and mental retardation [syndrome] mary tumor MMMSE  Modified Mini-Mental State Exam MMTA  methylmetatyramine MMMT  malignant mixed müllerian tumor MMTB  multimedia textbook MMN  mismatch negativity; morbus macu- MMTP  methadone maintenance treatment losus neonatorum; multiple mucosal neuro- program ma MMTT  Multicenter Myocarditis Treatment MMNC  marrow mononuclear cell Trial MMNCB  multifocal motor neuropathy with MMTV  mouse mammary tumor virus conduction block MMU  medical maintenance unit; mercapto- MMNN  multimodular neural network methyl uracil MMO  medical management office; methane mmu  millimass unit monooxygenase MMuLV  Moloney murine leukemia virus MMOA  maxillary mandibular odontectomy MMV  mandatory minute ventilation; man- alveolectomy datory minute volume; Medicines for Ma- MMOB  Molecular Modeling Database laria Venture M-mode  motion mode MMVD  mixed mitral valve disease MMoL  myelomonoblastic leukemia MMVF  man-made vitreous fiber mmol  millimole MMVT  monomorphic ventricular tachy­ μmol  micromole, micromolar cardia mmol/L  millimoles per liter MMWR  Morbidity and Mortality Weekly MMP  matrix metalloproteinase; maximum Report maintained pressure; muscle mechanical MMWV  modulated Morlet wavelet trans- power form vector sum 4-MMPD  4-methoxy-m-phenylenediamine MN  a blood group in the MNS blood group MMPI  matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; system; malignant nephrosclerosis; Master of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Nursing; maternal newborn; median nerve; MMPNC  Medical Maternal Program for meganewton; melena neonatorum; melano- Nuclear Casualties cytic nevus; membranous nephropathy; mem- mmpp  millimeters partial pressure branous neuropathy; mesenteric node; MMPR  methylmercaptopurine riboside metanephrine; micronucleated; micronucleus; MMPS  Medicare Mortality Predictor Sys- midnight; mononuclear; motor neuron; muco- tem sal neurolysis; multinodular; myoneural MMR  major molecular response; mass min- M&N  morning and night iature radiography; masseter muscle rigidity; Mn  manganese; monocyte maternal mortality rate; measles-mumps-ru- mN  millinewton; millinormal bella [vaccine]; megalocornea–mental retar- mn  modal number dation [syndrome]; mild mental retardation; μN  nuclear magneton mobile mass x-ray; mono-methylorutin; mul- MNA  maximum noise area timodal reasoning; myocardial metabolic  MNAP  mixed nerve action potential; multi- rate neuron acquisition processor MMRB  mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing MNB  mannosidase beta; multinucleated MMRS  Mosoriot Medical Record System blastomere; murine neuroblastoma MMRV  measles, mumps, rubella, varicella 5-MNBA  5-mercapto-2-nitrobenzoic acid [vaccine] MNBCCS  multiple nevoid basal cell carci- MMS  mass mammographic screening; Mas- noma syndrome ter of Medical Science; methyl methane sul- MNC  mononuclear cell fonate; Mini Mental State [Examination] MNCD  mild neurocognitive disorder  274 MNCV  median nerve conduction velocity; MoAb, moab  monoclonal antibody motor nerve conduction velocity MOANS  Mayo’s Older Americans Norma- MND  minimum necrosing dose; minor neu- tive Studies rologic dysfunction; modified neck dissec- MOAT  multispecific organic anion trans- tion; motor neuron disease porter MNER  multichannel neural ensemble re- MOB  mobility [scale] cording mob, mobil  mobility, mobilization mng  morning MOBS  Moebius syndrome MNG/CRD/DA  multinodular goiter, cystic MOBV   methylhydroxy-benzovesamicol; renal disease, digital anomalies [syndrome] Mobala virus MNGIE  myo-, neuro-, gastrointestinal en- MOC  maximum oxygen consumption; met- cephalopathy ronidazole, omeprazole, clarithromycin; mul- MNH  maternal and neonatal health tiple ocular coloboma MNJ  myoneural junction MOCA  Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MNK  Menkes syndrome 4,4′-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) MNL  marked neutrophilic leukocytosis; MOCHA  Multicenter Oral Carvedilol in maximum number of lamellae; mononuclear Heart Failure Assessment leukocyte MOCV  Molluscum contagiosum virus MN/m2  meganewtons per square meter MOD  magnetic optic disc; maturity-onset mN/m  millinewton per meter diabetes; medical officer of the day; mesio- MNMS  myonephropathic metabolic syn- occlusodistal drome mod  moderate, moderation; modification MNNG  N-methyl N′-nitro-N-nitrosogua­ MODE  3-methoxy-o-demethyl-encainide nidine MODED  microcephaly-oculo-digito-esoph- MNP  micellar nanoparticle; mononuclear ageal–duodenal [syndrome] phagocyte modem  modulator/demodulator MNPJSS  Misener Nurse Practitioner Job MOD/F  multiple organ dysfunction/failure Satisfaction Scale MODM  maturity-onset diabetes mellitus MNPV  multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus MODS  medically oriented data system; MNR  marrow neutrophil reserve; multiple multiple organ dysfunction syndrome nucleoside resistance MODV  Modoc virus MNRH  may not require hospitalization MODY  maturity-onset diabetes of the MNS  medial nuclear stratum; Melnick- young Needles syndrome; Milan normotensive MOF  marine oxidation/fermentation; meta [rat]; moesin object facility; methotrexate, Oncovin, and Mn-SOD  manganese-superoxide dismutase fluorouracil; multiple organ failure MNSs  blood group system consisting of MoF  moment of force groups M, N, and MN MOFE  multiple organ failure in the elderly MNTBV  Manitoba virus MOFS  multiple organ failure syndrome MNTD  maximum nontoxic dose MOG  myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MNTV  Minatitlan virus MO&G  Master of Obstetrics and Gynaeco- MNU  N-methyl-N-nitrosourea logy MO  macroorchidism; manually operated; MOH  Medical Officer of Health; Ministry Master of Obstetrics; Master of Osteopathy; of Health medical officer; mesio-occlusal; metastases, MOHSAIC  Missouri Health Strategic Ar- zero; mineral oil; minute output; modeling chitectures and Information Cooperative object; molecular orbital; monofunctional; MOI  master object index; maximum oxygen monooxygenase; month; morbid obesity intake; mechanism of injury; multiplicity of MO2  myocardial oxygen infection Mo  Moloney [strain]; molybdenum; mono- moi  multiplicity of infection clonal MOIVC  membranous obstruction of the in- Mo  mitral opening ferior vena cava MΩ  megohm MOJUV  Moju virus mo  mode; month; morgan MOKV  Mokola virus mΩ  milliohm MOL  method of limits; molecular μo  permeability of vacuum mol  mole; molecular, molecule μΩ  microhm molc  molar concentration MOA  monoamine oxidase molfr  mole fraction MoA  mechanism of action mol/kg  moles per kilogram  275 mol/L  moles per liter mort, mortal  mortality mol/m3  moles per cubic meter MORV  Moriche virus mol/s  moles per second MOS  mechanism of stroke deducer; medial mol wt  molecular weight orbital sulcus; medical outcomes study; MOM  milk of magnesia; mucoid otitis metal oxide sensor; microsomal ethanol- media oxidizing system; mitral opening snap;  MoM  multiples of the median Moloney murine sarcoma; myelofibrosis  MOMA   3,4-methylenedioxidemethylam- osteosclerosis phetamine; methylhydroxymandelic acid mOs  milliosmole MOMEDA  mobile medical data mos  mosaic MOMHR  metal-on-metal hip resurfacing MOSA  Medical Officers of School Associa- MoMLV, Mo-MLV  Moloney murine leu- tion kemia virus MOSES  Morbidity and Mortality After MOMO  macrosomia, obesity, macrocepha- Stroke–Eprosartan vs. Nitrendipine for Sec- ly, ocular abnormalities [syndrome] ondary Prevention [study] MO-MOM  mineral oil and milk of magne- MOSF  multiple organ system failure sia MOSFET  metal oxide semiconductor field MOMP  major outer membrane protein effect transistor MOMS  multiple organ malrotation syn- mOsm, MOsm  milliosmole drome mOsm/kg  milliosmoles per kilogram Mo-MSV  Moloney murine sarcoma virus MOST  Mode Selection Trial; mother of MOMX  macroorchidism–marker X chro- super twins mosome [syndrome] MOSV  Mossuril virus MON  monensin; Mongolian [gerbil] MOT  motile sperm; mouse ovarian tumor MONET  multiwavelength optical network Mot, mot  motor MONICA  monitoring trends and determi- MOTA  Manitoba oculo-tricho-anal [syn- nants in cardiovascular diseases drome] mono  monocyte; mononucleosis MOTNAC  Manual of Tumor Nomenclature MONT  montelukast and Coding MOOKP  modified osteo-odonto-kerato- MOTSA  multiple overlapping thin slab ac- prosthesis quisition MOOSE  meta-analysis of observational MOTT  medical observation type table; my- studies in epidemiology cobacteria other than tuberculosis MOOW  Medical Officer of the Watch MOU  memorandum of understanding MOP  major organ profile; medical outpa- MOUS  multiple occurrence of unexplained tient; memory organization packet symptoms 8-MOP  8-methoxypsoralen MOV  metal-oxide varistor; minimal occlu- MOPD  microcephalic osteodysplastic pri- sive volume; molluscum-like poxvirus mordial dwarfism MoV  mottle virus MOPEG  3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol MOVC  membranous obstruction of inferior MOPFC  medial and orbital prefrontal cortex vena cava MOPP  mechlorethamine, Oncovin, procar- MoVd  mottle viroid bazine, prednisone; mission-oriented protec- MOVIES  Monongahela Valley Independent tive posture [clothing] Elders Survey MOPS  3-morpholino-propanesulfonic acid MOX  moxalactam MOPV  monovalent oral poliovirus vaccine; MP  macrophage; maintained protocol; Mopeia virus malignant pyoderma; matrix protein; maxi- mOPV  monovalent oral poliovirus vaccine mum parsimony; mean pressure; mechanical mOR  matched odds ratio processing; median posterior; megapascal; Mor, mor  morphine melphalan and prednisone; melting point; MORAC  mixed oligonucleotides primed membrane potential; menstrual period; men- amplification of complementary DNA tum posterior; mercaptopurine; mesenteric MORC  Medical Officers Reserve Corps panniculitis; mesial pit; mesiopulpal; meta- MORD  magnetic optical rotatory disper- carpophalangeal; metalloprotease; metal sion particulate; metaphalangeal; metatarsopha- MORFAN  mental retardation, pre- and langeal; methylphosphonate; methylprednis- post-natal overgrowth, remarkable face, olone; Mibelli porokeratosis; middle phalanx; acanthosis nigricans [syndrome] moist pack; moment preserving; monopha- morphol  morphology sic; monophosphate; motion profile; motor  276 potential; mouthpiece; movement protein; MPE  malignant proliferation of eosinophils; mucopolysaccharide; multiparous; multipro- maximum permissible exposure; maximum grammable pacemaker; muscle potential; my- possible error; Medicaid program evaluation; coplasmal pneumonia; myocardial perfusion most probable event 3-MP  3-mercaptopropionate MPEAK  multispeak M6P  mannose-6-phosphate MPEC  multipolar electrocoagulation 6-MP  6-mercaptopurine MPED  minimum phototoxic erythema dose 8-MP  8-methylpsoralen MPEH  methylphenylethylhydantoin M&P  managerial and professional MPEP  Model Performance Evaluation Pro- mp  melting point; millipond gram μP  microprocessor MPF  maturation promoting factor; mean MPA  main pulmonary artery; Master of Pub- power frequency; minimally processed lic Administration; mean pulmonary artery; foods; M-phase promoting factor medial preoptic area; Medical Procurement MPG  magnetopneumography; mercapto- Agency; medroxyprogesterone acetate; mer- propionylglycine; methyl green pyronine; captopropionic acid; metaphosphoric acid; 3-methylpurine deoxyribonucleic acid glyco- methylprednisolone acetate; micropipette as- sylase; monthly prescribing guide piration; microscopic polyarteritis; minor MPGM  monophosphoglycerate mutase physical anomaly; multiple project assur- MPGN  membranoproliferative glomerulo- ance nephritis MPa  megapascal MPGR  multiple planar gradient recalled μPa  micropascal MPH  macroporous hydrogel; male pseudo- M-PACT  Mayo-Physician Alliance for Clin- hermaphroditism; Master of Public Health; ical Trials microtiter plate hybridization; milk protein MPAP, mPAP mean pulmonary arterial hydrolysate pressure MPharm  Master of Pharmacy MPAS  mild periodic acid–Schiff MPHD  multiple pituitary hormone deficien- mPa/s  millipascal per second cies M-PATHY  Multicenter Pacing Therapy for mphot  milliphot Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy; Multicenter MPHR  maximum predicted heart rate Study of Pacing Therapy for Hypertrophic MPhysA  Member of Physiotherapists As- Cardiomyopathy sociation MPB  male pattern baldness; meprobamate; MPI  mannose phosphate isomerase; master microdissected paraffin block patient index; maximum permitted intake; MPBA  maxillary protractor bow appliance maximum point of impulse; message-passing MPC  marine protein concentrate; marker for interface; multidimensional pain inventory; prostatic cancer; maximum permissible con- Multiphasic Personality Inventory; myocar- centration; mean plasma concentration; me- dial performance index; myocardial perfu- peridine, promethazine, and chlorpromazine; sion imaging metallophthalocyanine; metapyrocatechase; MPIGL  General Activity Scale of West minimum mycoplasmacidal concentration; Haven–Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory model predictive control MPIIF  Interference Scale of West Haven– MPCA  microbial pest control agent Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory MPCh  medio-posterior choroidal MPI-I/O  message-passing interface input/ MPCO  micropolycystic ovary syndrome output MPCP  mean pulmonary capillary pressure MPIP  Multicenter Postinfarction Program MPCUR  maximum permissible concentra- MPIPS  Pain Severity Scale of West Haven– tion of unidentified radionucleotides Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory MPD  main pancreatic duct; matched periph- MPJ  metacarpophalangeal joint eral dose; maximum permissible dose; mean MPKC  management problem-knowledge population doubling; membrane potential coupler difference; minimal perceptible difference; MPKUCS  Maternal Phenylketonuria Col- minimal phototoxic dose; multiparametric laborative Study color composite display; multiple personality MPKV  Maprik virus disorder; myeloproliferative disease; myo- MPL  maximum permissible level; medical fascial pain dysfunction professional liability; melphalan; mesiopulp- MPDS  mandibular pain dysfunction syn- olingual; myeloproliferative leukemia drome; medical priority dispatch service; MPLa  mesiopulpolabial myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome MPLS  multiprotocol label switching  277 MPLV  myeloproliferative leukemia virus MPRO  mental process MPM  malignant papillary or pleural meso- MPRV  Mapuera virus thelioma; medial pterygoid muscle; minor MPS  hereditary giant platelet syndrome; psychiatric morbidity; mortality prediction meconium plug syndrome; medial premo- model; mortality probability model; multiple tor system; Member of the Pharmaceutical primary malignancy; multipurpose meal Society; methylprednisolone; microbial pro- MPME  (5R,8R)-8-(4-p-methoxy-phenyl)-1- file system; mononuclear phagocyte system; piperazynylmethyl-6-methylergolene Montreal platelet syndrome; movement- MPMP  10[(1-methyl-3-piperidinyl)-methyl]- produced stimulus; mucopolysaccharide, 1OH-phenothiazine mucopolysaccharidosis; multidimensional MPMT  Murphy punch maneuver test pain scale; multiphasic screening; mushroom MPMV, M-PMV Mason-Pfizer monkey poisoning site; myocardial perfusion scintig- virus raphy; myofascial pain syndrome MPN  most probable number mps  meters per second MPNST  malignant peripheral nerve sheath m-PSA  mutated prostate-specific antigen tumor MPS-H/I-S  mucopolysaccharidosis, Hurler- MPO  maximum power output; minimal Scheie type perceptible odor; myeloperoxidase MPS I  mucopolysaccharidosis I MPOA  medial preoptic area MPS I-H  mucopolysaccharidosis I, Hurler MPOD  myeloperoxidase deficiency type MPOV  M’Poko virus MPS II  mucopolysaccharidosis II MPP  massive peritoneal proliferation; mas- MPS III  mucopolysaccharidosis III sively parallel processor; medical personnel MPS IIIA  mucopolysaccharidosis III, type A pool; mercaptopyrazide pyrimidine; meta- MPS IIIB  mucopolysaccharidosis III, type B carpophalangeal profile; methyl phenylpyri- MPS IIIC  mucopolysaccharidosis III, type C dinium; myelin protein, peripheral MPS IIID  mucopolysaccharidosis III, type D MPPCD  Multifactorial Primary Prevention MPS I-S  mucopolysaccharidosis I, Scheie of Cardiovascular Diseases type mppcf  millions of particles per cubic foot MPS IV  mucopolysaccharidosis IV of air MPS IVA  mucopolysaccharidosis IV, type A MPPEC  mean peak plasma ethanol concen- MPS IVB  mucopolysaccharidosis IV, type B tration MPS V  mucopolysaccharidosis V MPPG  microphotoelectric plethysmogra- MPS VI  mucopolysaccharidosis VI phy MPSoSIS  mucopolysaccharidosis MPPH  p-tolylphenylhydantoin MPSS  methylprednisolone sodium succi- MPPN  malignant persistent positional ny­ nate; Music Performance Stress Survey stagmus MPSV  myeloproliferative sarcoma virus; MPPT  methylprednisolone pulse therapy; meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine mucin-producing pancreatic tumor MPsyMed  Master of Psychological Medi- MPPv  mean portal vein peak velocity cine MPQ  McGill Pain Questionnaire MPT  mean peak torque; Michigan Picture MPQ-SF  McGill Pain Questionnaire-Short Test; mitochondrial permeability transition; Form multiple particle tracking MPR  mannose 6-phosphate receptor; mar- MPTP  1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahy- row production rate; massive preretinal re- dropyridine; mitochondrial permeability traction; maximum pulse rate; multiplanar transition pore reconstruction; multiplanar reformation; MPT-R  Michigan Picture Test, Revised multiplanar reformatting; myeloproliferative MPU  Medical Practitioners Union reaction; myocardial perfusion reserve MPV  main portal vein; mean platelet vol- mPR  membrane progestin receptor ume; mitral valve prolapse MP-RAGE  magnetization-prepared rapid MpV  Micromonas pusilla virus gradient-echo MPVP  mean pulmonary venous pressure MP-RAGE-WE   magnetization-prepared MPXV  monkeypox virus rapid gradient-echo water excitation MPZ  myelin protein, zero MPRD  cation-dependent mannose 6-phos- MQ  memory quotient; motor quotient phate receptor M-Q  move quality mPRF  medial pontine reticular formation MQC  microbiologic quality control MPRG  Multicenter Postinfarction Research MQFD  medical quality function deployment Group MQIS  Medicare quality indicator system  278 MQL  Medical Query Language MRC/BHF  Medical Research Council, MQNB  11C-labeled methyl quinuclidinyl- British Heart Foundation Heart Protection benzylate Study MQOV  Mosqueiro virus MRC CFAS Medical Research Council MQSM  molecular quantum similarity mea- Cognitive Function and Ageing Study sures MR-CISS  magnetic resonance constructive MQSPR  model-based quantitative struc- interference in steady state ture-property relationship MRCNS  methicillin-resistant coagulase- MR  Maddox rods; magnetic resistance; negative staphylococci magnetic resonance; mandibular reflex; MRCOA  Medical Research Council Trial in mannose resistant; may repeat; measles and Older Adults rubella; medial raphe; medial rectus [mus- MRCP  magnetic resonance cholangiopan- cle]; medical record; medical release; medi- creatography; movement-related cortical po- um range; megaroentgen; mental retardation; tential metabolic rate; Metathesaurus relational file; MRD  magnetic resonance diffusion; maxi- methemoglobin reductase; methyl red; min- mum rate of depolarization; measles- eralocorticoid receptor; mitral reflux; mitral rinderpest-distemper [virus group]; medical regurgitation; modulation rate; molar refrac- records department; minimal reacting dose; tion; molecular response; mortality rate; mor- minimal renal disease; minimal residual dis- tality ratio; multicentric reticulohistiocytosis; ease multiregression; muscarinic receptor; muscle mrd  millirutherford receptor; muscle relaxant; myocardial revas- MRDD  mentally retarded/developmentally cularization disabled M&R  measure and record MRDI  medical records document imaging M/R  measles/rubella [vaccine] MR-DTI  magnetic resonance diffusion ten- M2R  muscarinic cholinergic receptor sor imaging MR4  Malaria Research and Reference Re- MRE  magnetic resonance elastography; agent Resource Center maximal resistive exercise; maximal respira- Mr  relative molar mass tory effectiveness; Microbiological Research Mr  relative molecular mass Establishment mR, mr  milliroentgen MREC  mismatch repair enzyme cleavage m/r  mass attenuation coefficient; modified MREI  mean rate ejection index release mrem  millirem μR, μr  microroentgen mrep  milliroentgen equivalent physical MRA  magnetic resonance angiography; MRF  Markov random field; medical record main renal artery; marrow repopulation  file; melanocyte [stimulating hormone] re- activity; medical record analysis/analyst; leasing factor; mesencephalic reticular for- medical records administrator; mesenteric mation; midbrain reticular formation; mitral resistance artery; mid right atrium; multi- regurgitant flow; moderate renal failure; variate regression analysis monoclonal rheumatoid factor; müllerian re- MRAB  machine-readable archives in bio- gression factor; muscle regulatory factor medicine mRF  monoclonal rheumatoid factor MRAC  model reference adaptive control MRFC  mouse rosette-forming cell mrad  millirad MRFIT  Multiple Risk Factor Intervention MRAP  alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor– Trial associated protein; maximal resting anal MRFM  magnetic resonance force micros- pressure; mean right atrial pressure copy MRAS  main renal artery stenosis MRFT  modified rapid fermentation test MRB  multiply resistant bacteria MRH  melanocyte-stimulating hormone– MRBC  monkey red blood cell; mouse red releasing hormone; multicentric reticulohis- blood cell tiocytosis MRBF  mean renal blood flow MRHA  mannose-resistant hemagglutination MRC  magnetic resonance cholangiography; mrhm  milliroentgens per hour at one meter maximum recycling capacity; Medical Reg- MRI  machine-readable identifier; magnetic istration Council; Medical Research Council; resonance imaging; magnetic resonance in- Medical Reserve Corps; methylrosaniline terferometry; medical records information; chloride; modular robot control medical reengineering initiative; Medical MRCAS  medical robotics and computer- Research Institute; moderate renal insuffi- assisted surgery ciency  279 M-RIA  monoclonal radioimmunoassay MRT  magnetic resonance tomography; max- MRIF  melanocyte [stimulating hormone] imum relaxation time; median range score; release–inhibiting factor median reaction time; median recognition MRIH  melanocyte [stimulating hormone] threshold; median relapse time; medical ra- release–inhibiting hormone diation technology/technologist; medical re- MRIPHH  Member of the Royal Institute of cords technician; medical response team; Public Health and Hygiene methyltryptophan; milk ring test; muscle re- MRISM  magnetic resonance imaging simu- sponse test lation MRTC  myelin-peptide reactive T cell MRK  Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster [syndrome] MRTS  message routing and translation sys- MR-K  mannose-resistant Klebsiella-like tem [hemagglutinin] MRU  magnetic recognition unit; mass radi- MRKH   Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser ography unit; magnetic resonance urography; [syndrome] meningococcal reference unit; minimal re- MRL  Malaria Reference Laboratory; maxi- productive unit; Mycobacterium reference mum residue limit; medical records librarian; unit Medical Research Laboratory MR/UR  Medical Review and Utilization MRM  magnetic resonance mammography; Program modified radical mastectomy MRV  magnetic resonance venography; MRMIB  Managed Risk Medical Insurance mammalian orthoreovirus; minute respirato- Board ry volume; Mitchell river virus; mixed respi- MRMT  Minnesota Rate of Manipulation ratory vaccine Test mRV  morphological right ventricle MRN  magnetic resonance neurography; MRVP  mean right ventricular pressure; malignant renal neoplasm; medical record methyl red, Voges-Proskauer [medium] number; Mind Research Network MRW  multiresolution wavelet mRNA  messenger ribonucleic acid MRWT  multiresolution wavelet transform mRNA/R  messenger ribonucleic acid re- MRX  mental retardation, X-linked ceptor MRXA  X-linked mental retardation–aphasia mRNP  messenger ribonucleoprotein syndrome MRO  master reference oscillator; medical MRXS  X-linked mental retardation syn- review officer; minimal recognizable odor; drome muscle receptor organ MS  Maffuci syndrome; magnesium sulfate; MROD  Medical Research and Operations maladjustment score; mandibular series; Directorate mannose sensitive; Marfan syndrome; mar- MRP  mean resisting potential; medical re- gin of safety; Marie-Strümpell [syndrome]; imbursement plan; medical removal protec- mass spectrometry; Master of Science; Mas- tion; multidrug resistance–associated protein; ter of Surgery; maternal serum; mean score; mutual recognition process mean square; mechanical stimulation; Meck- MR-PET  Magnetic Resonance vs. Positron el syndrome; mediastinal shift; medical ser- Emission Tomography [study] vices; medical staff; medical student; medical MRR  marrow release rate supplies; medical survey; melanonychia stri- MRS  magnetic resonance spectroscopy; ata; Menkes syndrome; menopausal syn- Mania Rating Scale; medical receiving sta- drome; mental status; metabolic syndrome; tion; medical record summary; Melkersson- microscope slide; Microsporida; midseptal; Rosenthal syndrome minimal support; mitral sounds; mitral  MRSA  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus stenosis; mobile surgical; modal sensitivity; aureus moderately susceptible; modified sphygmo- MRSB  mid–right sternal border manometer; molar solution; molecular sub- MRSD  mental retardation, skeletal dyspla- stitution; Mongolian spot; morning stiffness; sia [syndrome] morphine sulfate; morphosyntactic; mosaic MRSE  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus virus; motile sperm; mucosubstance; multi- epidermidis ple sclerosis; Münchausen syndrome; muscle MRSH  Member of the Royal Society of shortening; muscle strength; musculoskele- Health tal; myelosarcoma; myoclonic seizures MRSI  magnetic resonance spectroscopy im- 3MS  modified mini-mental state examina- aging tion MRSO  metathesaurus relational source Ms  murmurs; microsphere MRSX  X-linked mental retardation ms  millisecond  280 m/s  meters per second MSDS  material safety data sheet m/s2  meters per second squared MSE  mean squared error; medical screening μs  microsecond examination; medical support equipment; MSA  magnetic resonance angiography; mental status examination; mental status ex- major serologic antigen; major soluble anti- pert; muscle-specific enolase gen; male-specific antigen; mammary serum mse  mean square error antigen; mannitol-salt agar; medical savings MSEA  Medical Society Executives Associa- account; Medical Services Administration; tion membrane-stabilizing action; membrane- msec  millisecond stabilizing activity; metropolitan statistical m/sec  meters per second area; microsomal anti-antibody; mitotic spin- μsec  microsecond dle apparatus; molecular shape analysis; MSEL  Materials Science and Engineering morphologic sequential approach; mouse Laboratory; myasthenic syndrome of Eaton- serum albumin; multiple sequence align- Lambert ment; multiple system atrophy; muscle sym- MSEP  mean square error of prediction pathetic activity; myosis-specific antibody MSER  mean systolic ejection rate MSAA  multiple sclerosis–associated agent MSES  medical school environmental stress MSA-C  multiple system atrophy with pre- MSF  macrophage slowing factor; macro- dominant cerebellar ataxia phage spreading factor; malignant senes- MSAD  multiple scan average dose cent forgetfulness–meconium-stained fluid; MSAEFI  Monitoring System for Adverse Médicins sans Frontières [Doctors With- Events Following Immunisation out Borders]; Mediterranean spotted fever; MSAFP, MS-AFP  maternal serum alpha- melanocyte-stimulating factor; modified fetoprotein sham feeding; multiple sequence format MSAM  Master of Science in Administrative MSG  molecular supergraph; monosodium Medicine L-glutamate; motion-sensitizing gradient MSAN  medical student’s admission note MSGQ  medical student graduation ques- MSAP  mean systemic arterial pressure tionnaire MSA-P  multiple system atrophy with pre- MSGV  mouse salivary gland virus dominant parkinsonism MSH  medical self-help; melanocyte-stimu- MSB  Master of Science in Bacteriology; lating hormone; melanophore-stimulating mid small bowel; most significant bit hormone; message header; Multicenter Study MSBC  maximum specific binding capacity of Hydroxyurea MSBLA  mouse-specific B-lymphocyte anti- MSHA  mannose-sensitive hemagglutina- gen tion; Mine Safety and Health Administration MSC  magnitude-squared coherence; major MSHIF  melanocyte-stimulating hormone– septic complication; marrow stromal cell; inhibiting factor Medical Service Corps; Medical Staff Corps; MSHR  melanocyte-stimulating hormone re- mesenchymal stem cell; midsystolic click; ceptor Multimedia SuperCorridor; multispecialty MSHRF  melanocyte-stimulating hormone– clinic releasing factor MSc  Master of Science MSHRH  melanocyte-stimulating hormone– MScD  Master of Dental Science releasing hormone MScMed  Master of Science in Medicine M-SHRSP  malignant stroke-prone sponta- MScN  Master of Science in Nursing neously hypertensive rat MSCP  mean spherical candle power MSHSC  multiple self-healing squamous MSCRAMM  Microbial Surface Compo- carcinoma nents Recognizing Adhesive Matrix Mole- MSHT  Mount Sinai Hypertension Trial cules MSHyg  Master of Science in Hygiene MSCU  medical special care unit MSI  magnetic source imaging; medium- MSD  Material Safety Data; mean square scale integration; microsatellite instability deviation; mean square displacement; MS I, II, III, IV  medical student—first, sec- membrane-spanning domain; midsagittal di- ond, third, and fourth year ameter; mild sickle cell disease; minimal MSIC  mechanically sensitive ion channels systolic displacement; most significant digit; MSIM  medical systems infrastructure mod- multiple sulfatase deficiency; musculoskele- ernization tal dynamic MSIS  multistate information system MSDC  Mass Spectrometry Data Centre MSIT  Multisource Interference Task MSDI  Martin Suicide Depression Inventory MSJ  meatal stapedial joint  281 MSK  medullary sponge kidney; Memorial regurgitation; monosynaptic reflex; muscle Sloan-Kettering; mitogen-activated S6 ki- stretch reflex nase; musculoskeletal MSRI  mixed serotonin reuptake inhibitor MSKCC  Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer MSRPP  Multidimensional Scale for Rating Center Psychiatric Patients MSKP  Medical Sciences Knowledge Profile MSRT  Minnesota Spatial Relations Test MSL  midsternal line; multiple symmetric MSS  Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome; Mar- lipomatosis shall-Smith syndrome; massage; Medical MSLA  morphosynthetic lexical ambiguity; Superintendents’ Society; Medicare Statisti- mouse-specific lymphocyte antigen cal System; mental status schedule; minor MSLIS  Master of Science in Library and surgery suite; motion sickness susceptibility; Information Science mucus-stimulating substance; multiple scle- MSLL  multifocal signal loss lesion rosis susceptibility; muscular subaortic ste- MSLR  mixed skin cell leukocyte reaction nosis MSLS  Marinesco–Sjögren-like syndrome mss  massage MSLT  Multicenter Selective Lymphadenec- MSSA  methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus tomy Trial; multiple sleep latency test aureus MSM  medium-size molecule; men who MSSE  methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus have sex with men; midsystolic murmur; epidermidis; multiple sclerosis self-efficacy mineral salts medium scale; multiple self-healing squamous epithe- MSMA  monosodium methanearsonate lioma MSMAID  machine, suction, monitor, air- MSSG  multiple sclerosis susceptibility gene way equipment, intravenous line, drugs MSSI  multislice spectroscopic imaging MSMB  microseminoprotein beta MSSMI  Multicenter Study of Silent Myo- MSMI  Multicenter Study of Myocardial cardial Ischemia Ischemia MSSVD  Medical Society for the Study of MS/MS  tandem mass spectrophotometry Venereal Diseases MSN  main sensory nucleus; Master of Sci- MST  maximal stimulation test; mean sur- ence in Nursing; mildly subnormal; moiesin vival time; mean swell time; mercaptopyru- MSNet  Mass Spectrometry Network vate sulfurtransferase; Montenegro skin test; MSO  management services organization; multiple subpial transections; muscle-sparing medial superior olive; medical staff organiza- thoracotomy; myeloproliferative syndrome, tion transient MSOF  multiple systems organ failure MSTD  mean seminiferous tubule diameter MSOP  medical school objectives project M-Step  maximization step MSP  macrophage stimulating protein; max- MSTh  mesothorium imum squeeze pressure; median sagittal MSTI  multiple soft tissue injuries plane; Medicare secondary payer; methyla- MSTP  Medical Scientist Training Program; tion-specific polymerase chain reaction; mi- medical student training program croseminoprotein; Münchausen syndrome by MSTS  Musculoskeletal Tumor Society proxy MsTT  microsphere encapsulated tetanus msp  muscle spasm toxoid MSPB  microseminoprotein beta MSU  maple sugar/syrup urine; medical MSPGN  mesangial proliferative glomeru- studies unit; midstream specimen of urine; lonephritis midstream urine; monosodium urate; myo- MSPH  Master of Science in Public Health cardial substrate uptake MSPhar  Master of Science in Pharmacy MSUD  maple syrup urine disease MSPN  medical student’s progress note MSurg  Master of Surgery MSPQ  Modified Somatic Perception Ques- MSV  maximum sustained level of ventila- tionnaire tion; mean scale value; mean spatial velocity; MSPS  myocardial stress perfusion scintig- Moloney sarcoma virus; monkey sarcoma raphy virus; Muir Springs virus; murine sarcoma MSPV  Malpais Spring virus virus MSQ  mental status questionnaire; mini mSv  millisievert sleep questionnaire; Minnesota satisfaction MSVC  maximal sustained ventilatory ca- questionnaire pacity MSR  macrophage scavenger receptor; mag- MSW  male sex worker; Master of Social netically shielded room; Member of the  Welfare; Master of Social Work; medical so- Society of Radiographers; mitro-sterno cial worker; multiple stab wounds  282 MSWT  modified shuttle walk test medical test cabinet; medical training center; MSWYE  modified sea water yeast extract medullary thyroid carcinoma; metatarsocu- MT  magnetization transfer; malaria therapy; neiform; mitomycin C malignant teratoma; mammary tumor; mam- mTCR  monoclonal T-cell receptor milothalamic tract; manual traction; Martin- MTCT  mother-to-child transmission Thayer [plate, medium]; mastoid tip; MTD  maximum tolerated dose; mean total maximal therapy; mechanotransduction; me- dose; metastatic trophoblastic disease; Mid- dial thalamus; medial thickness; medical wife Teacher’s Diploma; minimal topologi- technologist; medical therapy; medical tran- cal difference; Monroe tidal drainage; scriptionist; melatonin; membrana tympani; multidrug therapy; multiple tic disorder; My- mesangial thickening; metallothionein; meta- cobacterium tuberculosis direct test tarsal; Metathesaurus methoxytryptamine; MTDDA  Minnesota Test for Differential Di- methyltransferase; methyltyrosine; micro- agnosis of Aphasia tome; microtomography; microtubule; mid MT-DN  multitest, dermatophytes and No- trachea; minimal touch; minimum threshold; cardia [plate] mitochondrial toxicity; Monroe tidal drain- mtDNA  mitochondrial DNA age; more than; motor threshold; movement MTDT  modified tone decay test time; Muir-Torre [syndrome]; multi-input MTE  main timing event; monophasic trun- threshold; multiple tics; multitest; mural cated exponential thrombus/thrombosis; muscles and tendons; mTERF  mitochondrial transcription termi- muscle test; music therapy; Mycobacterium nation factor tuberculosis MTET  modified treadmill exercise test M-T  macroglobulin-trypsin MTF  maximum terminal flow; medical treat- M&T  Monilia and Trichomonas ment facility; modular tube feeding; modula- Mt  megatonne; Mycobacterium tuberculosis tion transfer function; Musculoskeletal mt  mitochondrial Transplant Foundation 3-MT  3-methoxytyramine mTF  mitochondrial transcription factor MTA  malignant teratoma, anaplastic; medi- MTg  mouse thyroglobulin cal technical assistant; medical technology MTGA  multiple time graphic analysis assessment; medullary type adenocarcinoma; MTGua  7-methyl-6-thioguanine metatarsus adductus; methadone to absti- MTGuo  7-methyl-6-thioguanosine nence; multithreaded architecture; myoclonic MTH  mithramycin twitch activity MTh  motor threshold mTA  meta-tyramine MTHF, mTHF  5,10-methylene tetrahydro- MTAC  mass transfer area coefficient folate MTACR  multiple tumor-associated chromo- 5-MTHF  5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate some region MTHFR  5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate re- MTAD  membrana tympana auris dextrae ductase MTAL  medullary thick ascending limb MTI  malignant teratoma, intermediate; max- MTAP  methylthioadenosine phosphorylase imum tolerable intensity; minimum time  MTAS  membrana tympana auris sinistrae interval; model tag image; molecular topo- MT(ASCP)  Medical Technologist certified logical index; moving target indicator by the American Society of Clinical Patholo- MTIA  Medical Training Institute of Ameri- gists ca; Medical Transcription Industry Alliance MTase  methyltransferase MTL  mantle zone lymphoma; medial tempo- MTB  methylthymol blue; Michelin tire baby ral lobe [syndrome]; Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTLE  mesial temporal lobe epilepsy Mtb  Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTLP  metabolic toxemia of late pregnancy MTBE  meningeal tick-borne encephalitis; MTM  medication therapy management; methyltertiary butyl ether Thayer-Martin, modified [agar]; myotubular MTBF  mean time between (or before) fail- myopathy ures MT-M  multitest, mycology [plate] mTBI  mild traumatic brain injury MT-MMP  membrane-type metalloprotein- MTBM  mean time between maintenance ase MTBN  modifiable temporal belief network MTMX  myotubular myopathy, X-linked MTBV  Marituba virus MTO  medical technical officer; medical MTC  magnetization transfer contrast; mass transport officer transfer coefficient; maximum tolerated con- MTOC  microtubule organizing center; mi- centration; maximum toxic concentration; totic organizing center  283 MTOP  Medical Treatment Outcomes Project muc  mucilage; mucous, mucus mTOR  mammalian target of rapamycin MUCV  Mucambo virus MTOS  Major Trauma Outcomes Study MUD  matched unrelated donor; meal-unre- MTP  maximum tolerated pressure; medial lated dyspepsia; minimum urticarial dose tibial plateau; median time to progression; MUDV  Mudjinbarry virus metatarsophalangeal; micropayment transfer MUE  motor unit estimated protocol; microsomal triglyceride transfer MUFA  monounsaturated fatty acids protein; microtubule protein MUG  4-methyl-umbelliferyl-β-d-glucuro­ MT1PA  metallothionein-1 pseudogene-A nide MTPD  mean trabecular plate density MUGA  multiple gated acquisition MTPJ  metatarsophalangeal joint MUGEx  multigated blood pool image dur- Mt-PK  myotonic protein kinase ing exercise MTPS  mean trabecular plate separation MUGR  multigated blood pool image at MTPT  mean trabecular plate thickness rest MTQ  methaqualone MuHV  Murid herpesvirus MTR  magnetization transfer ratio; maxi- mulibrey  muscle-liver-brain-eye [nanism, mum tracking rate; Meinicke turbidity  dwarfism] reaction; 5-methylthioribose; methyltetrahy- MULO  multipurpose overboot drofolate: L-homocysteine S-methyltransfer- mult  multiple ase Multi-CSF  multi-colony-stimulating factor MTRV  Matruh virus MultiODA  multivariable optimal discrimi- MTS  magnetization transfer contrast; me- nant analysis chanical testing machine; Medicare transac- multip  multiparous tion system; menopausal transition; mesial MULV  Muleshoe virus temporal sclerosis; methotrexate; methylphe- MuLV, MuLv  murine leukemia virus nidate transdermal system; Mohr-Traneb- MUMPS  Massachusetts General Hospital jaerg syndrome; multicellular tumor Utility Multi-Programming System spheroid; musculotendinous structure MuMTv  murine mammary tumor virus MTST  maximal treadmill stress test MUNV  Munguba virus MTT  malignant teratoma, trophoblastic; MUN(WI)  Munich Wistar [rat] maximal treadmill test; meal tolerance test; MUO  myocardiopathy of unknown origin mean transit time; methyl-thiazol-diphenyl- MUP  major urinary protein; maximal ure- tetrazolium; mirror tracing test; mitochon- thral pressure; motor unit potential drial tetrazolium salt; mucous transport time; mUPD  maternal uniparental disomy Myocarditis Treatment Trial MUPIBAC  Mupirocin in Prevention of Re- mTTI  modified tension-time index lapses of Wegener Granulomatosis by Elimi- MTU  malignant teratoma, undifferentiated; nation of Nasal Bacterial Staphylococcus medical therapy unit; methylthiouracil aureus Carriage MtuRRF  Mycobacterium tuberculosis ribo- mUPID  maternal uniparental isodisomy some recycling factor MUPIT  Martinez Universal Perineal Inter- MTV  mammary tumor virus; metatarsus stitial Template Mural varus; Mibuna temperate virus; mild tigré MUPS  medically unexplained physical virus; mouse mammary tumor virus symptoms MTX  methotrexate MURAD  Moscow-Ulm Radiation Accident MT-Y  multitest yeast [plate] Clinical History Database MTZ  microthermal zone MURC  measurable undesirable respiratory MU  measurement uncertainty; megaunit; contaminants mescaline unit; methyluric [acid]; monitor MURCS  müllerian duct aplasia, cervicotho- unit [radiotherapy]; Montevideo unit; motion racic somite dysostosis [association] unsharpness; motor unit; mouse unit MurNAc  N-acetylmuramate Mu  Mache unit MURP  Master of Urban and Regional Plan- mU  milliunit ning mu  mouse unit MURV  Murre virus; Murutucu virus μU  microunit MUS  medically unexplained symptoms; MUA  manipulation under anesthesia; mid- mouse urologic syndrome; muscinol dle uterine artery; motor unit activity musc  muscle, musculature, muscular MUAP  motor unit action potential MUSCAT  MUSIC Criteria for Stent Implan- MUC  maximum urinary concentration; mu- tation Using the Controlled Angioplasty cilage; mucin; mucosal ulcerative colitis Technology Catheter  284 MUSE  medicated uretheral system for erec- MVD  Doctor of Veterinary Medicine; mi- tion crovascular decompression; microvessel MUSIC  Measuring the Usability of Systems density; mitral valve disease; multivessel in Context; Multicenter Ultrasound During coronary disease Stent Implantation in Coronary Arteries MVd  mosaic viroid [study]; Multicenter Ultrasound Stent in MVE  maximum velocity envelope; mitral Coronary Artery Disease [study]; Multicen- valve echo; mitral valve excursion; Murray tre Ultrasound Study in Coronaries; multiple Valley encephalitis signal classification; musculoskeletal inter- MVEC  microvascular endothelial cell vention center MVEV  Murray Valley encephalitis virus MUST  medical unit, medication use studies; MVF  mitral valve flow Medical Unit Self-Contained and Transport- MVH  massive vitreous hemorrhage able; Multicenter Stent Study; Multicenter MVI  mitral valve insufficiency; multivalvu- Stents Ticlodipine [study]; Multicenter Ultra- lar involvement; multivitamin infusion sound Study with Ticlid; Multicenter Unsus- MV-HIS  multi-vendor hospital information tained Tachycardia [trial] system MUST-EECP  Multicenter Study of En- MVK  mevalonate kinase hanced External Counterpulsation MVL  mitral valve leaflet MUSTIC  multisite stimulation in cardiac in- MVLS  mandibular vestibulolingual sulco- sufficiency; multisite stimulation in cardio- plasty myopathy MVM  microvillose membrane; minute virus MUSTPAC  medical ultrasound three-di- of mice mensional portable with advanced communi- MVMT  movement cation MVN  medial ventromedial nucleus; micro- MUSTT  Multicentre Unstable Tachycardia vascular network Trial; Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia MVO  maximum venous outflow; mitral Trial valve opening or orifice MUT  mutagen MVO2, MVO2  myocardial oxygen con- mut  mutation sumption MUU  mouse uterine unit MVOA  mitral valve orifice area MuV  mumps virus mVOC  mycological volatile organic com- MUWU  mouse uterine weight unit pound MUX  multiplex MVP  microvascular pressure; mitral valve MV  maturation value; measles virus; me- prolapse; Multivitamin and Probucol [trial] chanical ventilation; megavolt; methotrexate/ MVPP  mustine, vinblastine, procarbazine, vinblastine; microvascular; microvillus; Mi- prednisone crovirus, microvirus; minute ventilation; MVPS  Medicare Volume Performance minute virus; minute volume; mitral valve; Standards; mitral valve prolapse syndrome mixed venous; molar volume; mosaic virus; MVP-SC  mitral valve prolapse-systolic mottle virus; multivessel; myeloblastosis click [syndrome] virus; veterinary physician [Lat. Medicus MVPT  Motor-Free Visual Perception Test Veterinarius] MVR  massive vitreous reaction; microvit- Mv  mendelevium reoretinal; minimal vascular resistance; mi- mV, mv  millivolt tral valve replacement μV  microvolt MVRI  mixed virus respiratory infection MVA  mechanical ventricular assistance; MVS  mitral valve stenosis; multivendor ser- mevalonic acid; mitral valve area; modified vice; multivoxel spectroscopy vaccinia virus Ankara; Modified Virus An- mV·s  millivolt-second kara; motor vehicle accident MVSR  Monthly Viral Statistics Report MV·A  megavolt-ampere MVT  mesenteric venous thrombosis; multi- mV·A  millivolt-ampere attribute value theory MVAD  mechanical ventricular assist device mvt  movement mval  millival MVTR  moisture vapor transmission rate MVB  manual ventilation bag; microvascular MVV  maximal voluntary ventilation bleeding; multivesicular body MW  Mallory-Weiss [syndrome]; mean MVC  maximum voluntary contraction; weight; megawatt; microwave; middleware; model view controller; motor vehicle crash; Minot–von Willebrand [syndrome]; molecu- multivane collimator; muscle vasoconstric- lar weight; multiple window tion; myocardial vascular capacity mW  milliwatt  285 μW  microwatt Mxy  transverse magnetization MWA  moving window averaging My  myopia; myxedema MWAPI  M [language] windowing applica- my  mayer tion programmer interface MYBC  myosin-binding protein C MWAV  Manawa virus MYBH  myosin-binding protein H MWB  modified whole blood MYBP  myosin-binding protein mWb  milliweber MycDB  Mycobacterium Database MWCB  master working cell bank Myco  Mycobacterium MWCO  molecular weight cut off Mycol  mycology, mycologist MWD  maximum walking distance; micro- MyD  myotonic dystrophy wave diathermy; molecular weight data; mo- MYEL  myelogram lecular weight distribution Myel  myelocyte MWI  modified Williams index myel  myelin, myelinated MWL  mental workload MYF  myogenic factor m-WMFT  modified Wolf motor function MyG  myasthenia gravis test MYH  heavy chain myosin MWP  mean wedge pressure MYHC  heavy chain cardiac myosin MWS  Marden-Walker syndrome; midwall MYHCA  heavy chain cardiac myosin alpha shortening; Moersch-Woltman syndrome; MYKV  Mykines virus Muckle-Wells syndrome MYL  light chain myosin MWSP  multi wall stereo projection MyMD  myotonic muscular dystrophy MWSR  multiple window spatial registra- MYO  myoglobin tion Myop  myopia MWT  myocardial wall thickness mYPAS  modified Yale Preoperative Anxi- 6-MWT  6-minute walk test ety Score MWTA  Medical Waste Tracking Act MYW  modified Yule-Walker [technique] MwV  Manawatu virus MYX  myxoma MX  matrix; metastases not assessed; meth- MYXV  myxoma virus ylxanthine MZ  mantle zone; mezlocillin; monozygotic Mx  extension of physician; maxwell; me- Mz  longitudinal magnetization tastases not assessed m/z  mass/charge ratio MXA  morphometric x-ray absorptiometry MZA  monozygotic twins raised apart MXIP  maximum inspiratory pressure MZM  marginal zone macrophage MXV  Mexico virus MZT  monozygotic twins raised together  286 aperture; nurse’s aide; nursing assistant; N nursing auxiliary N/A  not applicable Na  Avogadro number; sodium nA  nanoampere NAA  N-acetyl aspartate; naphthaleneacetic acid; neutral amino acid; neutron activation N  asparagine; Avogadro number; blood fac- analysis; neutrophil aggregation activity; tor in the MNS blood group system; loud- nicotinic acid amide; no apparent abnormali- ness; nasal; nasion; nausea; negative; ties neomycin; neper; nerve; neuraminidase; neu- NAACCR  North American Association of rology; neuropathy; neutron number; new- Central Cancer Registries ton; nicotinamide; nifedipine; nitrogen; NAACLS  National Accrediting Agency for nodule; normal; nucleocapsid; nucleoprotein; Clinical Laboratory Sciences nucleoside; nucleus; number; number in NAACOG  Nurses Association of the Amer- sample; number of molecules; number of ican College of Obstetricians and Gynecolo- neutrons in an atomic nucleus; population gists size; radiance; refractive index; signal size; NAA/Cr  N-acetyl aspartate/creatine ratio spin density; uppercase Greek letter nu NA-AAF  N-acetoxy-N-acetylaminofluorene N0  no breast tumor regional lymph node NAAP  N-acetyl-4-amino-phenazone metastases NAAQS  national ambient air quality stan- 0.02N  one-fiftieth normal dard 0.1N  one-tenth normal NAASO  North American Association for 0.5N  one-half normal the Study of Obesity N1  breast tumor metastases to ipsilateral NAAT  nucleic acid amplification testing axillary lymph nodes; normal subject NAB  novarsenobenzene; neutralizing anti- N 1 to 12  cranial nerves 1 to 12 body 2N  double normal NABP  National Association of Boards of N2  breast tumor metastases to ipsilateral Pharmacy axillary lymph nodes attached to each other NABPLEX  National Association of Boards or to other structures of Pharmacy Licensing Examination N/2  one-half normal NAC  N-acetylcysteine; National Asthma N3  breast tumor metastases to ipsilateral Center; National Audiovisual Center; neuro- internal mammary lymph nodes imaging analysis center; Noise Advisory N/10  one-tenth normal Council N/50  one-fiftieth normal NaC  sodium channel n  amount of substance expressed in moles; NACAA  National Association of Clean Air born [Lat. natus]; haploid chromosome num- Agencies ber; index of refraction; nerve; neuter; neu- NACCHO  National Association of County tron; neutron night; normal; nostril; number; and City Health Officials number density; number of density of mole- NACCT  North American Congress of Clini- cule; principal quantum number; refractive cal Toxicology index; rotational frequency; sample size NaC/DEG  sodium channel and degenerin ν  lowercase Greek letter nu; degrees of NACDS  North American Clinical Dermato- freedom; frequency; kinematic velocity; neu- logical Society trino NACED  National Advisory Council on the n-  nano- [10−9] Employment of the Disabled 2n  haploid chromosome; diploid nAch  nicotinic acetylcholine 3n  triploid NAcHPZ  4-N-acetyl hydrazinophthalazin- 4n  tetraploid 1-one NA  Avogadro constant or number; nalidixic nAChR  nicotinic acetylcholine receptor acid; Narcotics Anonymous; network ad- NACHRI  National Association of Chil- ministrator; neuraminidase; neurologic age; dren’s Hospitals and Related Institutions neutralizing antibody; neutrophil antibody; NACI  New Applications for Coronary Inter- nicotinic acid; Nomina Anatomica; non-A ventions; New Approaches to Coronary In- [hepatitis virus]; nonadherent; noradrenalin; terventions not admitted; not applicable; not available; NACI DCA  New Approaches to Coronary nuclear antibody; nucleic acid; nucleoside Interventions Directional Coronary Atherec- analogue; nucleus ambiguus; numerical tomy [study]  287 NaCl  sodium chloride NADS  National Alcohol and Other Drugs NACNEP  National Advisory Council on Survey [Canada] Nurse Education and Practice NADSA  National Adult Day Services As- NACNS  National Association of Clinical sociation Nurse Specialists NAE  net acid excretion NACOR  National Advisory Committee on NaE, Nae  exchangeable body sodium Radiation NaE1ATP  sodium-enzyme-adenosine tri- NACOSH  National Advisory Committee phosphate complex on Occupational Safety & Health NAED  National Academies of Emergency NACPTAR  North American Cerebral Per- Dispatch cutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Regis- NAEL  no adverse effect level tration [study] NAEMD  National Academy of Emergency Nacq  number of acquisitions Medical Dispatch NACS  neonate adaptive capacity to stimu- NAEMSP  National Association of Emer- lus gency Medical Services Physicians NACSAP  National Alliance Concerned NAEMT  National Association of Emergen- with School-Age Parents cy Medical Technicians NACT  National Alliance of Cardiovascular NAEP  National Asthma Education Pro- Technologists gram NAD  neutrophil actin dysfunction; new an- NAEPP  National Asthma Education and tigenic determinant; nicotinamide adenine Prevention Program dinucleotide; nicotinic acid dehydrogenase; NaERC  sodium efflux rate constant no abnormal discovery; no active disease; no NAF  nafcillin; National Amputation Foun- acute distress; no apparent distress; no ap- dation; National Ataxia Foundation; net acid preciable disease; normal axis deviation; not flux; neural adaptive filter; nipple aspirate done; nothing abnormal detected fluid NAD+  oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinu- NAFAC  National Association for Ambula- cleotide tory Care NaD  sodium dialysate NAFD  Nager acrofacial dysostosis NADA  National Acupuncture Detoxification NAFEC  National Association of Freestand- Association; New Animal Drug Application ing Emergency Centers NADABA  N-adenoxyldiaminobutyric acid NAFL  nonalcoholic fatty liver NADAC  national drug acquisition cost NAFLD  nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NaDC  sodium dicarboxylate cotransporter NAFTA  North American Free Trade Agree- NADG  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ment glycohydrolase NAG  N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase; narrow- NADH  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- angle glaucoma; nonagglutinable tetrazolium reductase; reduced nicotinamide NAGA  N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminidase adenine dinucleotide NAGO  neuraminidase and galactose oxi- NADL  National Association of Dental Lab- dase oratories NAGS  N-acetylglutamate synthetase NADMWP  National Association of Dis- NAH  2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydra- ease Management and Wellness Profession- zide als NAHA  National Association of Health Au- NADNP  National Academy of Dermatolo- thorities gy Nurse Practitioners NAHC  National Advisory Heart Council NaDodSO4  sodium dodecyl sulfate NAHCS  National Association of Health NADONA/LTC  National Association of Center Schools Directors of Nursing Administration/Long NAHDO  National Association of Health Term Care Data Organizations NADP  National Association of Dental NAHG  National Association of Humanistic Plans; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Gerontology phosphate NAHH  National Alliance for Hispanic NADP+  oxidized form of nicotinamide ad- Health enine dinucleotide phosphate NAHHH  National Association of Hospital NADPH  reduced nicotinamide adenine di- Hospitality Houses nucleotide phosphate NAHI  National Athletic Health Institute NADR  National AIDS Demonstration Re- NAHMOR  National Association of Health search; noradrenalin Maintenance Organization Regulators  288 NAHN  National Association of Hispanic NAMP  National Alliance for Mental Patients Nurses NAMRU  Navy Medical Reserve Unit NAHPA  National Association of Hospital NAMSS  National Association Medical Purchasing Agents Staff Services NAHQ  National Association for Healthcare NANA  N-acetyl neuraminic acid Quality NANB  non-A, non-B [hepatitis] NAHSA  National Association for Hearing NANBH  non-A, non-B hepatitis and Speech Action NANBHV  non-A, non-B hepatitis virus NAHSE  National Association of Health Ser- NANBNC  non-A, non-B, non-C [hepatitis vices Executives virus] NAHTM  National Association of Health- NANC  nonadrenergic noncholinergic care Transport Management NAND  non-Alzheimer neuropsychiatric NAHU  National Association of Health Un- disease derwriters NANDA  North American Nursing Diagno- NAHUC  National Association of Health sis Association Unit Coordinators NANN  National Association of Neonatal NAHV  non-A hepatitis virus Nurses NAI  NASA Astrobiology Institute; net acid NANPA  North Alabama Nurse Practitioner input; no accidental injury; no acute inflam- Association mation; nonadherence index NAOO  National Association of Optome- NAIC  National Association of Insurance trists and Opticians Commissioners NAOP  National Alliance for Optional Par- NAIP  National Association of Inpatient enthood Physicians; neuronal apoptosis inhibitory NAP  nasion, point A, pogonion [facial protein profile]; nerve action potential; network ac- NAIR  nonadrenergic inhibitory response cess point; neurotoxin-associated protein; Na,K-ATPase  sodium-potassium adenos- neutrophil-activating peptide; neutrophil al- ine triphosphatase kaline phosphatase; nodular adrenocortical NAL  nonadherent leukocyte; Novell Appli- pathology; nucleic acid phosphatase; nucleo- cations Launcher some assembly protein NALBOH  National Association of Local NAP-1  Clostridium difficile strain; North Boards of Health American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis NALD  neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy type 1 NALT  nasal-associated lymphoid tissue NAPA  N-acetyl-p-aminophenol; N-acetyl NALTH  National Association of Long Term procainamide Hospitals NAPCA  National Air Pollution Control Ad- NAM  N-acetylmuramic acid; natural acto- ministration myosin; nucleoside analogue mutation;  NAPDP  National Association of Prepaid nucleoside-associated mutation Dental Plans NAMA  National Alliance of Methadone NAPE  N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine Advocates NaPG  sodium pregnanediol glucuronide naMCI  nonamnestic mild cognitive impair- NAPGCM  National Association of Profes- ment sional Geriatric Care Managers NAMCIC  National Academic Medical Cen- NAPH  naphthyl; National Association of ter Information Consortium Public Hospitals; nicotinamide adenine di- NAMCR  National Association of Managed nucleotide phosphate Care Regulators NAPHS  National Association of Psychiat- NAMCS  National Ambulatory Medical ric Health Systems Care Survey NAPHSIS  National Association for Public NAME  National Association of Medical Ex- Health Statistics and Information Systems aminers; nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neuro- NAPHT  National Association of Patients on fibroma, ephelides [syndrome] Hemodialysis and Transplantation NAMH  National Association for Mental NAPL  nucleosome assembly protein–like Health NAPM  National Association of Pharmaceu- NAMI  National Alliance for the Mentally tical Manufacturers Ill; National Alliance on Mental Illness NAPN  National Association of Physicians’ NAMIS  Nifedipine Angina Myocardial In- Nurses farction Study NAPNAP  National Association of Pediatric NAMN  nicotinic acid mononucleotide Nurse Associates and Practitioners  289 NAPNES  National Association for Practical network-attached storage; neuroallergic syn- Nursing Education and Services drome; neurobehavioral assessment scale NAPP  nerve agent pyridostigmine pretreat- [sedation scoring]; no abnormality seen; no ment added salt; non-albicans species; normalized NAPPH  National Association of Private alignment score; Normative Aging Study Psychiatric Hospitals NASBA  nucleic acid sequence–based am- NAPPS  nerve agent pyridostigmine pre- plification treatment set NASCET  North American Symptomatic Ca- NAPQI  N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine rotid Endarterectomy Trial NAPS12  NLRP12-associated periodic syn- NASCIS  National Acute Spinal Cord Injury drome Study NAPT  National Association for the Preven- NASE  National Association for the Study of tion of Tuberculosis Epilepsy NAQAP  National Association of Quality NASEAN  National Association for State Assurance Professionals Enrolled Assistant Nurses NAR  nasal airway resistance; National As- NASH  N-acryloxysuccinimide; nonalco- sociation for Retarded [Children, Citizens]; holic steatohepatitis no action required; nutrient adequacy ratio NASHS  National Adolescent Student NARA  Narcotics Addict Rehabilitation Act; Health Survey National Association of Recovered Alcoholics NaSIMM  National Study of Internal Medi- NARAL  National Abortion Rights Action cine Manpower League NASM  Naval Aviation School of Medicine NARC  narcotic; National Association for NASMD  National Association of State Retarded Children; nucleus arcuatus Medicaid Directors NARCF  National Association of Residential NASMHPD  National Association of State Care Facilities Mental Health Program Directors narco  narcotic, narcotic addict; drug en- NASN  National Association of School Nurses forcement agent NAS-NRC  National Academy of Science- NARD  National Association of Retail Drug- National Research Council gists NASPE  North American Society for Pacing NARES  nonallergic rhinitis-eosinophilia and Electrophysiology syndrome NASPE/BPEG  North American Society of NARF  National Association of Rehabilita- Pacing and Electrophysiology–British Pac- tion Facilities ing and Electrophysiology Group NARHC  National Association of Rural NASPHV  National Association of State Health Clinics Public Health Veterinarians NARIC  National Rehabilitation Information NASS  National Accident Sampling System; Center North American Spine Society NARL  no adverse response level NASTI  nonacute soft tissue injury NARMA  nonlinear autoregressive moving NASV  Nasoule virus average NASW  National Association of Social NARMAX  nonlinear autoregressive mov- Workers ing average with exogenous [input] NAT  N-acetyltransferase; natal; nateglinide; NARMH  National Association for Rural neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia; net- Mental Health work address translation; no action taken; NARP  neuropathy, ataxia, retinitis pigmen- nonaccidental trauma; nucleic acid testing tosa [syndrome] NaT  sodium tartrate NARS  National Acupuncture Research So- Nat  native; natural ciety NATCO  North American Transplant Coor- NARSAD  National Alliance for Research dinator Organization on Schizophrenia and Depression Natr  sodium [Lat. natrium] NARSD  National Alliance for Research on NATSAL  National Survey of Sexual Atti- Schizophrenia and Depression tudes and Lifestyles NARX  nonlinear autoregressive model with NAVAPAM  National Association of Veter- exogenous input ans Affairs Physician Ambulatory Care  NAS  Narcotics Assistance Section; nasal; Managers National Academy of Sciences; National  NAVEL  naloxone, atropine, Valium, epi- Association of Sanitarians; neonatal absti- nephrine, lidocaine nence syndrome; neonatal airleak syndrome; NAVL  nerve, artery, vein, lymphatic  290 NAZC  neutrophil azurocidin NBRC  National Board for Respiratory Care NB  nail bed; naïve Baues [algorithm]; nee- NBRS  Neurobiologic Risk Scale dle biopsy; neuro-Behçet [syndrome]; neuro- NBRT  National Board for Respiratory Ther- blastoma; neurometric battery; new Ballard apy [score]; newborn; nitrous oxide–barbiturate; NBS  N-bromosuccinimide; National Bureau normoblast; note well [Lat. nota bene]; nutri- of Standards; neuroblastoma suppressor; ne- ent broth void basal cell carcinoma syndrome; new- nb  newborn; note well [Lat. nota bene] born bovine serum; Nijmegen breakage NBA  neuron-binding activity syndrome; no bacteria seen; normal blood NBAC  National Bioethics Advisory Com- serum; normal bowel sounds; normal brain mittee stem; nystagmus blockage syndrome NBAT  neutral and basic amino acid trans- NBSS  National Breast Screening Study porter NBT  Nature-Based Therapy; nitroblue tetra- NBC  network-based computing; non-battle zolium; non–tumor bearing; normal breast casualty; nuclear, biologic, chemical tissue NBCC  National Board for Certified Coun- NBTE  nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis selors; nevoid basal cell carcinoma NBTNF  newborn, term, normal, female NBCCS  nevoid basal cell carcinoma syn- NBTNM  newborn, term, normal, male drome NBT PABA  N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl paraami- NBCIE  nonbullous congenital ichthyosi- nobenzoic acid form erythroderma NBTS  National Blood Transfusion Service NBCOT  National Board for Certification in n-Bu  n-butyl Occupational Therapy NBV  Nelson Bay orthoreovirus NBC-PC  nuclear, biologic, chemical protec- NBW  normal birth weight tive cover NC  continuous nebulization; nasal cannula; NBCRS  nuclear, biologic, chemical recon- nasal clearance; natural cytotoxicity; near naissance system card; neck complaint; neonatal cholestasis; NBD  neurogenic bladder dysfunction; no nephrocalcinosis; nerve conduction; neural brain damage; nucleotide-binding domain crest; neurocysticercosis; neurologic check; NBF  no breastfeeding; nucleotide-binding nevus comedonicus; night call; nitrocellu- fold lose; no casualty; no change; no charge;  NBI  neutrophil bactericidal index; no bone no complaints; noise criterion; noncardiac; injury; non-battle injury noncirrhotic; noncontributory; normal cell; NBIC  neonatal bedside interface controller normal control [group]; normocephalic; nor- NBICU  newborn intensive care unit mocytoplasmic; nose clamp; nose cone; not NBL  neuroblastoma completed; not cultured; nucleocapsid; NBM  no bowel movement; normal bone nucleocytoplasmic; nurse counselor; nursing marrow; normal bowel movement; nothing coordinator by mouth N:C, N/C  nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio nBM  nucleus basalis of Meynert nC  nanocoulomb nbM  newborn mouse nc  nanocurie; not counted nbMb  newborn mouse brain NCA  National Certification Agency; Na- NBME  National Board of Medical Examin- tional Council on Aging; National Coun- ers; normal bone marrow extract cil on Alcoholism; National Credentialing NBMPR  nitrobenzylmercaptopurine ribo- Agency for Laboratory Personnel; neuro- side circulatory asthenia; neutrophil chemotactic NBMPR-P  nitrobenzylmercaptopurine ri- activity; nodulocystic acne; noncompart- boside phosphate mental analysis; noncontractile area; non- NBN  newborn nursery specific cross-reacting antigen; nuclear NBNA  National Black Nurses Association cerebral angiogram NBO  non-bed occupancy NCa  normal calcium NBOME  National Board of Osteopathic n-CAD  negative coronoradiographic docu- Medical Examiners mentation NBP  needle biopsy of prostate; neoplastic NCADD  National Council on Alcoholism brachial plexopathy; no bone pathology; non- and Drug Dependence bacterial prostatitis; nucleic acid binding  NCADI  National Clearinghouse for Alcohol protein and Drug Information NBPME  National Board of Podiatric Medi- NCAE  National Council for Alcohol Educa- cal Examiners tion  291 NC-AFM  non–contact mode atomic force NCCMHC  National Council for Communi- microscopy ty Mental Health Centers NCAH  National Commission on Allied NCCMP  noncompaction cardiomyopathy Health NCCN  National Comprehensive Cancer NCAI  National Coalition for Adult Immuni- Network zation NCCP  noncardiac chest pain NCAL  National Center for Assisted Living NCCPA  National Commission on Certifica- NCAM  neural cell adhesion molecule tion of Physician Assistants NCAMI  National Committee Against Men- NCCPC-R  Noncommunicating Children’s tal Illness Pain Checklist-Revised NCAMLP  National Certification Agency for NCCRA  National Colorectal Cancer Re- Medical Laboratory Personnel search Alliance NcAMP  nephrogenous cyclic adenosine NCCS  National Coalition for Cancer Survi- monophosphate vorship N-CAP  Nifedipine Gastrointestinal Thera- NCCT  noncontrast computed tomography peutic System Circadian Anti-Ischemic Pro- NCCTG  North Central Cancer Treatment gram Group NC/AT  normal cephalic atraumatic NCCU  newborn convalescent care unit NCATS  National Center for Advancing NCD  National Commission on Diabetes; Translational Sciences; Nursing Child As- National Council on Drugs; neurocirculatory sessment Teaching Scale dystonia; nitrogen clearance delay; noncom- NCAUR  National Center for Agricultural municable disease; normal childhood disor- Utilization Research der; not considered disabling NCBA  National Caucus and Center on NCDA  National Council on Drug Abuse Black Aged ncDCIS  noncomedo-type ductal carcinoma NCBF  noncovalent bond finder in situ NCBI  National Center for Biotechnology NCDS  National Child Development Study Information NCDV  Nebraska calf diarrhea virus NCC  National Certification Corporation; NCE  Na+/Ca2+ exchange; negative contrast neural crest cells; New Computational Chal- echocardiography; new chemical entity; non- lenges Program; noncoronary cusp; nursing convulsive epilepsy; normochromatic eryth- care continuity rocyte ncc  noncoronary cusp NCEH  National Center for Environmental NCCAM  National Center for Complemen- Health tary and Alternative Medicine NCEP  National Center for Environmental NCCAOM  National Certification Commis- Protection; National Cholesterol Education sion for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Program NCCBH  National Council for Community NCEPOD  National Confidential Enquiry Behavioral Healthcare into Peri-Operative Deaths [study] NCCDC  National Center for Chronic Dis- NCES  National Childhood Encephalopa- ease Control thy Study; Netherlands Cost-Effectiveness  NCCDPHP  National Center for Chronic Study Disease Prevention and Health Promotion NCF  neutrophil chemotactic factor; Nurses NCCEA  Neurosensory Center Comprehen- Christian Fellowship sive Examination for Aphasia NCFA  Narcolepsy and Catalepsy Founda- NCCH  National Council of Community tion of America Hospitals NCF(C)  neutrophil chemotactic factor (com- NCCHC  National Commission on Correc- plement) tional Health Care NCG  nanochannel glass NCCIP  National Center for Clinical Infant NCH  National Claims History; nursing care Program hours NCCL  noncarious cervical lesions NCHC  National Coalition on Health Care; NCCLS  National Committee for Clinical National Council of Health Centers Laboratory Standards NCHCA  National Commission for Health NCCLVP  National Coordinating Committee Certifying Agencies on Large-Volume Parenterals NCHCT  National Center for Health Care NCCMERP  National Coordinating Council Technology; noncontrast helical computed for Medication Error Reporting and Preven- tomography tion NCHD  National Claims History Database  292 NCHECR  National Centre in HIV Epidemi- NCMHI  National Clearinghouse for Mental ology and Clinical Research Health Information NCHGR  National Center for Human Ge- NCMI  National Committee Against Mental nome Research [now National Human Ge- Illness nome Research Institute] NCN  National Cardiovascular Network; NCHLS  National Council of Health Labora- National Council of Nurses tory Services NCNPC  Northern Colorado Nurse Practi- NCHPD  National Council on Health Plan- tioner Coalition ning and Development NCNR  National Center for Nursing Re- NCHS  National Center for Health Statis- search tics NCO/CIC  National Coordinating Office for NCHSR  National Center for Health Servic- Computing, Information, and Communica- es Research tion NCHSTE  National Consortium on Health NCoR, N-CoR  nuclear receptor compressor Science and Technology Education NCoV  novel coronavirus NCI  National Cancer Institute; noncriterion NCP  neurocybernetic prosthesis; Nijmegen ischemic [animal]; nuclear contour index; Classification of Pain; noncollagen protein nursing care integration NCPA  National Community Pharmacists nCi  nanocurie Association NCIB  National Collection of Industrial Bac- N-CPAP, n-CPAP  nasal continuous posi- teria tive airway pressure NCIC  National Cancer Institute of Canada NCPDP  National Council for Prescription NCIC CTG  National Cancer Institute of Drug Programs Canada Clinical Trial Group NCPE  noncardiac pulmonary edema NCID  National Center for Infectious Dis- NCPF  National Collection of Pathogenic eases Fungi; noncirrhotic portal fibrosis NCI DIS 2D  National Cancer Institute Drug NCPH  noncirrhotic portal hypertension Information System for Two-Dimensional NCPI  National Clearinghouse for Primary Substructure Searching Care Information NCIH  National Council for International NCPIE  National Council on Patient Infor- Health mation and Education NCIHC  National Council on Interpreting in NCPIM  National Commission to Prevent Health Care Infant Mortality NCIMB  National Collection of Industrial NCPP  National Collaborative Perinatal and Marine Bacteria Project NCIPC  National Center for Injury Preven- NCPPB  National Collection of Plant Patho- tion and Control genic Bacteria NCIRS  National Cancer Incidence Report- NCQA  National Committee for Quality As- ing System; National Centre for Immunisa- surance tion Research and Surveillance NCR  National Research Council; neutrophil NC-IUB  Nomenclature Committee of the chemotactic response; no carbon required; International Union of Biochemistry noncoding region; normotensive control rat; NC-IUBMB  Nomenclature Committee of nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio the International Union of Biochemistry and NCRND  National Committee for Research Molecular Biology in Neurological Diseases NCJ  needle catheter jejunostomy NCRP  National Council on Radiation Pro- NCKHEkg  note chemistry and hematology, tection and Measurements laboratory values, and electrocardiographic NCRR  National Center for Research Re- findings sources NCL  neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis; noncor- NCRSP  National Congenital Rubella Sur- onary leaflet; nucleolin veillance Programme NCLEX-RN  National Council Licensure NCRV  National Committee for Radiation Examination for Registered Nurses Victims NCM  nailfold capillary microscopy; nurse NCS  National Collaborative Study; neocar- case manager cinostatin; nerve conduction study; neurocu- N/cm2  newtons per square centimeter taneous syndrome; newborn calf serum; no NCMC  natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity concentrated sweets; noncircumferential ste- NCMH  National Committee for Mental nosis; noncoronary sinus; nystagmus com- Health pensation syndrome  293 NCSA  National Center for Supercomputing NDDG  National Diabetes Data Group Applications; National Computational Sci- NDE  near-death experience; nondestructive ence Alliance evaluation; nondiabetic extremity NCSBN  National Council of State Boards NDEC  nursing diagnosis extension and clas- of Nursing sification NCSE  nonconvulsive status epilepticus NDEKF  node-decoupled extended Kalman NCSI  number of combined spherical irradi- filtering ation NDEV  Ndelle virus NCSN  National Certified School Nurse; NDF  neutrophil diffraction factor; new dos- National Council for School Nurses age form; no diagnostic findings; no disease NCT  neural crest tumor found NCTC  National Cancer Tissue Culture; Na- NDFDA  nonadecafluoro-n-decanoic acid tional Collection of Type Cultures NDGA  nordihydroguaiaretic acid NCTR  National Center for Toxicological NDHPCCB  nondihydropyridine calcium Research channel blocker NCV  nerve conduction velocity; noncholera NDHS  National Diet-Heart Study vibrio NDI  nephrogenic diabetes insipidus NCVHS  National Committee on Vital and NDIC  National Diabetes Information Clear- Health Statistics inghouse NCVIA  National Childhood Vaccine Injury NDIR  nondispersive infrared analyzer Act NDL  nipple ductal lavage NCVS  nerve conduction velocity study NDM  naturalistic decision making NCX  sodium-calcium exchanger NDMA  nitrosodimethylamine NCYC  National Collection of Yeast Cul- NDMR  nondepolarizing muscle relaxant tures nDNA  nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid ND  Doctor of Naturopathy; nasal deformity; NDNQI  National Database of Nursing natural death; Naval Dispensary; neonatal Quality Indicators death; neoplastic disease; neurologic deficit; NDP  net dietary protein; nucleoside diphos- neuropsychologic deficit; neurotic depression; phate neutral density; new drug; Newcastle disease; NDPK  nucleoside diphosphate kinase newly dead; nocturnal dip; no data; no dis- NDPKA  nucleoside diphosphate kinase A ease; nondetectable; nondiabetic; nondiagnos- NDPKB  nucleoside diphosphate kinase B tic; nondisabling; normal delivery; normal NDR  neonatal death rate; normal detrusor development; Norrie disease; nose drops; not reflex detected, not determined; not diagnosed; not NDRC  National Defense Research Commit- done; nurse’s diagnosis; nutritionally deprived tee N/D  no defects; not done NDRF  NeuroD-related factor; neutrophil- N&D  nodular and diffuse derived relaxing factor ND, nD  refractive index NDRI  National Disease Research Inter- Nd  neodymium change nD  refractive index NDS  Naval Dental School; neurologic defi- NDA  National Dental Association; New cit score; new drug submission; normal dog Drug Application; no data available; no de- serum; Novell Directory Services tectable activity; no detectable antibody NDSB  Narcotic Drugs Supervisory Board NDAC  no data accepted NDSSC  National Dietary Survey of School NDATUS  National Drug and Alcoholism Children Treatment Unit Survey NDST  N-deacetylase N-sulfotransferase NDBA  N-nitrosodibutylamine NDT  neurodevelopmental treatment; noise NDC  National Data Communications; na- detection threshold; nondestructive test, non- tional drug classification; National Drug destructive testing Code; National Drug Council; Naval Dental NDTI  National Disease and Therapeutic Clinic; nicotine dependence center; nondif- Index ferentiated cell NDTM  National Database of Telemedicine NDCD  National Drug Code Directory NDUV  Ndumu virus NDCG  Nursing Development Conference NDV  Newcastle disease virus; Nyando Group virus NDD  no dialysis days NDVI  normalized difference vegetation index NDDIC  National Digestive Diseases Infor- Nd/YAG, Nd-YAG  neodymium-yttrium- mation Clearinghouse aluminum garnet  294 NE  national emergency; nausea and emesis; neg  negative necrotic enteritis; necrotizing enterocolitis; NEGF  neurite growth-promoting factor neonatal encephalopathy; nephropathia epi- NEHA  National Environmental Health As- demica; nerve ending; nerve excitation;  sociation neuroendocrine; neuroendocrinology; neuro- NEHE  Nurses for Environmental Health epithelium; neurologic examination; neutro- Education penic enterocolitis; neutrophil elastase; NEHEP  National Eye Health Education Pro- niacin equivalent; no effect; no excision; no gram excitation; no exposure; nocturnal exacerba- NEI  National Eye Institute tion; nonelastic; nonendogenous; noninva- NEISS  National Electronic Injury Surveil- sive evaluation; norepinephrine; not elevated; lance System not enlarged; not equal; not evaluated; not NEISS-AIP  National Electronic Injury Sur- examined; not exposed; nuclear extract; veillance System-All Injury Program nurse executive; nutcracker esophagus NEJ  neuroeffector junction Ne  neon NEJM  New England Journal of Medicine NEA  neoplasm embryonic antigen; no evi- NEL  non-effect level; no evidence of leuke- dence of abnormality mia NEA-BC  Nurse Executive Advanced-Board NeLH  National Electronic Library for Certified Health NEAR  National Emergency Airway Regis- NEM  nemaline; N-ethylmaleimide; no evi- try dence of malignancy NEAS  nonerythroid alpha spectrin nem  nutritional milk unit [Ger. Nahrungs NEAT  Neurohumoral Effects in Acute Myo- Einheit Milch] cardial Infarction of Trandolapril [study]; NEMA  National Eclectic Medical Associa- nonexercise activity thermogenesis tion NEB  nebulin; neuroendocrine body; neuro- nema  nematode epithelial body NEMAS  Nursing Education Modular Au- NE-BC  Nurse Executive–Board Certified thoring System NEC  National Electrical Code; necrotizing NEMC-PCR  New England Medical Center enterocolitis; neuroendocrine cell; neuroen- Posterior Circulation Registry docrine convertase; no essential changes; NEMD  nonspecific esophageal motor dys- non-effect concentration; nonesterified cho- function lesterol; not elsewhere classified or classifi- NEMS  nine equivalents of nursing man- able; nursing ethics committee power use score NECHI  Northeastern Consortium for Health Neo  neomycin; neoplasm or neoplastic Information neo  neoarsphenamine NECR  noise-effective count rate NEP  needle exchange program; negative NECT  nonenhanced computed tomography expiratory pressure; nephrology; neutral en- NED  no-effect dose; no evidence of disease; dopeptidase; no evidence of pathology no expiration date; normal equivalent devia- nep  nephrectomy tion NEPA  National Environmental Policy Act NEDEL  no epidemiologically detectable ex- Neph  nephron; nephritis; nephrosis posure level NEPHGE  nonequilibrated pH gradient elec- NEDSS  National Electronic Disease Sur- trophoresis veillance System NEPV  Nepuyo virus NEDV  North End virus NEQ  noise equivalent quantum NEE  needle electrode examination NEQAS  National External Quality Assess- NEEE  Near East equine encephalomyelitis ment Scheme NEEM  negative effect erasing method NERHL  Northeastern Radiological Health NEEP  negative end-expiratory pressure Laboratory NEET  Nordic Enalapril Exercise Trial NER  no evidence of recurrence; nucleotide NEF, NeF  nephritic factor excision repair NEFA  nonesterified fatty acid ner  nervous NEFH  heavy polypeptide of neurofilament NERD  no evidence of recurrent disease; protein nonerosive reflux disease NEFL  light polypeptide of neurofilament NERO  noninvasive evaluation of radiation protein output NEFM  medium polypeptide of neurofila- NERSC  National Energy Research Scientif- ment protein ic Computing Center  295 NES  night eating syndrome; not elsewhere NFB  National Federation of the Blind; Na- specified tional Foundation for the Blind; nonferment- NESH  Network for Ecosystem Sustainabil- ing bacteria ity and Health NFBM  normalized fractional brownian NESO  Northeastern Society of Orthodon- motion tists NFC  National Fertility Center NESP  novel erythrocyte stimulating pro- NFCE  near-fatal choking episode tein; Nurse Education Support Program NFCS  Nationwide Food Consumption Sur- NEST  nonsurgical embryonic selective thin- vey ning; Nuclear Emergency Search Team NFD  neurofibrillary degeneration NET  nasoendotracheal tube; nerve excitabil- NFDR  neuro-facio-digito-renal [syndrome] ity test; neuroectodermal tumor; neuroemo- NFE  nonferrous extract tional technique; neuroendocrine tumor; NFG  normal fasting glucose norepinephrine transporter NFH  heavy polypeptide of neurofilament NETI  nasotracheal endotracheal intubation protein; nonfamilial hematuria NETRHA  North-East Thames Regional NFHD  no fetal heart disease Health Authority [study] NFI  near field imaging NETS  National Eye Trauma System; Net- NFIC  National Foundation for Ileitis and work for Employers for Traffic Safety Colitis NETT  National Emphysema Treatment NFID  National Foundation for Infectious Trial Diseases NETV  Netivot virus NFIRS  National Fire Incident Reporting NEU, Neu  neuraminidase System neu  neurilemma NFJ  Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn [syn- NeuN  neuronal nucleus drome] neur, neuro, neurol  neurology, neuro- NFK  nuclear factor kappa logic, neurologist NFKB, NF-kB, NF-κB nuclear factor neuropath  neuropathology kappa B [of pre–B cell] neut  neuter, neutral; neutrophil NFL  nerve fiber layer; neurofilament pro- NEVADA  Numerical Evaluation of Vari- tein, light polypeptide ance and Dependence Simulation NFLD  nerve fiber layer defect NEWDILTIL  New Diltiazem vs. Tildiem NFLPN  National Federation of Licensed [study] Practical Nurses NEX  number of excitations NFM  neurofilament protein, medium poly- NEXT  New European XT Stent Registry peptide NEXUS  National Emergency X-Radiography NFMA  nonfunctioning pituitary macroade- Utilization Study noma NEY  neomycin egg yolk [agar] NFMD  National Foundation for Muscular NEYA  neomycin egg yolk agar Dystrophy NF  nafcillin; National Formulary; nephritic NFNA  National Flight Nurses Association factor; neurofibromatosis; neurofilament; NFND  National Foundation for Neuromus- neutral fraction; neutrophilic factor; noise cular Diseases factor; normal flow; not filtered; not found; NFNID  National Foundation for Non- nuclear factor; nucleolar frequency [number Invasive Diagnostics of nucleoli per 100 nuclei] NFNS, NF-NS  neurofibromatosis-Noonan nF  nanofarad syndrome NF1  neurofibromatosis type I; neurofibro- NFP  natural family planning; no family min gene; nuclear factor 1 physician; not for profit; nurse-family part- NF2  neurofibromatosis type II nership NFA  National Fire Academy; near-fatal NFRCD  Newfoundland rod-cone dystro- asthma; nuclear factor A phy NFAIS  National Federation of Advanced NFS  National Fertility Study; network file Information Services system; neural foraminal stenosis; no fracture NFAR  no further action required seen N-FAS  neurogenic fetal akinesia sequence NFT  neurofibrillary tangle; no further treat- NFAT, NF-AT  nuclear factor of activated T ment [cells] NFTD  normal full-term delivery NFATp  preexisting subunit of nuclear fac- NFTT  neurogenic failure to thrive tor of activated T [cells] NFV  nelfinavir  296 NFW  nursed fairly well NHAMCS  National Hospital Ambulatory NFX  nuclear factor X Medical Care Survey NG  nasogastric; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; NHANES  National Health and Nutrition neoplastic growth; new growth; nitroglycer- Examination Survey in; nodose ganglion; no growth; not given NHB  National Health Board N/G  nasogastric NHBCD  non–heart-beating cadaver donor Ng  Neisseria gonorrhoeae NHBE  normal human bronchial epithelial ng  nanogram [cell] NGA  nutrient gelatin agar NHBPCC  National High Blood Pressure NGAL  neutrophil gelatinase-associated li- Coordinating Committee pocalin NHBPEP  National High Blood Pressure NGAST  Nimodipine German-Austrian Stroke Education Program Trial NHC  National Health Council; neighbor- NGAV  Ngaingan virus hood health center; neonatal hypocalcemia; NGBE  neuraminidase/beta-galactosidase ex- nonhistone chromosomal [protein]; nursing pression home care NGC  National Guidelines Clearinghouse; NHCMQ  multistate nursing home case mix nerve guidance conduit; nucleus reticularis and quality gigantocellularis NHCP  nonhistone chromosomal protein NgCAM  neuron glial cell adhesion mole- NHCS  National Health Care Survey cule NHD  non-Hodgkin disease; normal hair dis- NGF  nerve growth factor tribution NGFA  nerve growth factor alpha NHDC  National Hansen’s Disease Center NGFB  nerve growth factor beta NHDF  neonatal human dermal fibroblast; NGFG  nerve growth factor gamma normal human diploid fibroblast NGFIA  nerve growth factor–induced clone A NHDL  non–high-density lipoprotein NGFIC  nerve growth factor–induced clone C NHDS  National Health Data System; Na- NGFR  nerve growth factor receptor tional Hospital Discharge Survey NGGR  nonglucogenic/glucogenic ratio NHE  National Health Expenditure; nonhe- NGI  nuclear globulin inclusion molytic enterotoxin; sodium-hydrogen ex- NGL  neutral glycolipid changer ng/mL  nanograms per milliliter NHE 1 to 6  sodium-hydrogen exchangers, NGNA  National Gerontological Nursing isoforms 1 to 6 Association NHEFS  National Epidemiologic Follow-up NGO  nongovernmental organization Study NGOV  Ngoupe virus NHES  National Health Examination Survey NGPA  nursing grade point average NHF  National Health Federation; National NGR  narrow gauze roll; nasogastric re- Heart Foundation; National Hemophilia placement Foundation; nonimmune hydrops fetalis; NGS  next-generation software; normal goat normal human fibroblast serum NHG  normal human globulin NGSA  nerve growth–stimulating activity NHGB  net hepatic glucose balance NGSF  nongenital skin fibroblast NHGJ  normal human gastric juice NGT  nasogastric tube; nominal group tech- NHGRI  National Human Genome Research nique; normal glucose tolerance Institute NGU  nongonococcal urethritis NHH  neurohypophyseal hormone NGVL  National Gene Vector Laboratories NHHCS  National Home and Hospice Care NH  natriuretic hormone; Naval Hospital; Survey neonatal hemochromatosis; neonatal hepati- NHI  National Heart Institute; nuclear hepa- tis; neurologically handicapped; nocturnal tobiliary imaging hypoventilation; node of His; nonhuman; NHIC  National Health Information Council nursing home [Canada] N(H)  proton density NHIF  National Head Injury Foundation NHA  National Health Association; National NHIS  National Health Interview Survey Hearing Association; National Hemophilia NHIS-YRB  National Health Interview Association; nonspecific hepatocellular ab- Survey–Your Risk Behavior normality; nursing home administrator NHK  normal human kidney NHAAP  National Heart Attack Alert Pro- NHL  nodular histiocytic lymphoma; non- gram Hodgkin lymphoma  297 NHLA  National Health Lawyers Associa- NI  neuraminidase inhibition; neurologic im- tion provement; neutralization index; no informa- NHLBI  National Heart, Lung, and Blood tion; noise index; noninducible; not identified; Institute not isolated; nucleus intercalatus; nursing NHLBI-ICD  National Heart, Lung and informatics Blood Institute Implantable Cardioverter De- NIA  National Institute on Aging; nephelo- fibrillator [trial] metric inhibition assay; neuroleptic-induced NHLBI II  National Heart, Lung and Blood akathisia; niacin; no information available; Institute Type II [study] Nutritional Institute of America NHLBI-PTCA  National Heart, Lung, and nia  niacin Blood Institute Percutaneous Transluminal NIAAA  National Institute on Alcohol Coronary Angioplasty [registry] Abuse and Alcoholism NHLBITS  National Heart, Lung, and Blood NIADDK  National Institute of Arthritis, Institute Twin Study Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases NHLI  National Heart and Lung Institute NIAID  National Institute of Allergy and In- NHML  non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma fectious Diseases NHMRC  National Health and Medical Re- NIAMDD  National Institute of Arthritis, search Council Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases NHP  National Hypertension Project; non- NIAMS  National Institute of Arthritis and hemoglobin protein; nonhistone protein;  Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases normal human pooled plasma; Nottingham NIAP  National Information Assurance Part- Health Profile; nursing home placement nership NHPC  National Health Planning Council NIB  National Institute for the Blind NHPCO  National Hospice and Palliative NIBIB  National Institute of Biomedical Im- Care Organization aging and Bioengineering NHPF  National Health Policy Forum NIBP  noninvasive blood pressure NHPIC  National Health Planning Informa- NIBSC  National Institute for Biological tion Center Standards and Control NHPP  nonhomogeneous poison processes NIC  National Influenza Center; National In- NHPPD  nursing hours per patient-day formatics Centre; neonatal intensive care; NHPPN  National Health Professions Place- network interface card; neurogenic intermit- ment Network tent claudication; neurointensive care; new- NHQRA  Nursing Home Quality Reform born intensive care; nursing interim care; Act nursing interventions classification NHR  net histocompatibility ratio NICD  National Information Center on Deaf- NHRA  Nursing Home Reform Act ness NHRC  National Health Research Center NICE  National Institute for Health and Clin- NHS  Nance-Horan syndrome; Nasu-Hakola ical Excellence syndrome; National Health Service; National NICHCY  National Dissemination Center for Hospice Study; natural history; normal horse Children with Disabilities; National Informa- serum; normal human serum; Nurses’ Health tion Center for Children and Youth with Dis- Study abilities NHS-1  First Natural History Study NIC-HFH  Nephrology Information Center NHS-2  Second Natural History Study at Henry Ford Hospital NHSAS  National Health Service Audit Staff NICHHD  National Institute of Child Health NHSC  National Health Service Corps and Human Development NHS CCC  National Health Service Centre NICHSR  National Center on Health Ser- for Coding and Classification vices Research; National Information Center NHSIA  National Health Service Informa- on Health Services Research and Health Care tion Authority Technology NHSR  National Hospital Service Reserve NICOLE  Nisoldipine in Coronary Artery NHSTD  National Health Service Training Disease in Leuven Division NICS  nebulized inhaled corticosteroid NHT  nonpenetrating head trauma; Nurses NICT  new information and communication for a Healthier Tomorrow technology NHTSA  National Highway Traffic Safety NICU  neonatal intensive care unit; neuroin- Administration tensive care unit; neurologic intensive care NHVR  normalized hepatic vascular resis- unit; neurosurgical intensive care unit; non- tance immunologic contact urticaria  298 NID  national immunization day; nidogen; NIMH  National Institute of Mental Health no identifiable disease; nonimmunologic dis- NIMP  National Intern Matching Program ease; not in distress; number of intervals to NIMR  National Institute for Medical Re- fulfill detection search NIDA  National Institute on Drug Abuse NIMS  National Infant Mortality Surveil- NIDCD  National Institute on Deafness and lance Other Communication Disorders NINCDS  National Institute of Neurological NIDCR  National Institute of Dental and and Communicative Disorders and Stroke Craniofacial Research NINCDS/ADRDA  National Institute of NIDD  non–insulin-dependent diabetes Neurological and Communicative Diseases NIDDK  National Institute of Diabetes and and Stroke/Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Digestive and Kidney Diseases Disorders Association NIDDM  non–insulin-dependent diabetes NINDB  National Institute of Neurological mellitus Diseases and Blindness NIDDY  non–insulin-dependent diabetes in NINDS  National Institute of Neurological the young Disorders and Stroke NIDM  National Institute for Disaster Mobi- NINDS-TPAST  National Institute of Neu- lization rological Disorders and Stroke-Tissue Plas- NIDR  National Institute of Dental Research minogen Activator Stroke Trial NIDRR  National Institute on Disability and NIOSH  National Institute for Occupational Rehabilitation Research Safety and Health NIDS  nonionic detergent soluble NIOSHTIC  National Institute for Occupa- NIDSEC  Nursing Information and Data Set tional Safety and Health Technical Informa- Evaluation Center tion Center NIEHS  National Institutes of Environmental NIP  National Immunization Program; nega- Health Sciences tive inspiratory pressure; nipple; no infection NIEPS  noninvasive electrophysiological present; no inflammation present; nonimmi- study grant patient NIF  negative inspiratory force; neutrophil NIP AAm  N-isopropylacrylamide immobilizing factor; nonintestinal fibroblast NIPALS  nonlinear iterative partial least Nig  non-immunoglobulin square nig  black [Lat. niger] NIPH  National Institute of Public Health NIGMS  National Institute of General Med- NIPPV  noninvasive positive pressure venti- ical Sciences lation NIH  National Institutes of Health; neointi- NIPS  neuroleptic-induced Parkinson syn- mal hyperplasia drome; noninvasive programmed stimulation NIHAS  Northern Ireland Health and Activ- NIPTS  noise-induced permanent threshold ity Survey shift NIHL  noise-induced hearing loss NIR  near infrared; New Intravascular Rigid Ni-Hon-San  Nipponese in Honolulu and Stent Trial San Francisco [dataset] nIR  non–insulin resistance NIHR  National Institute of Handicapped NIRA  nitrite reductase; Nursing Incentives Research Reimbursement Award NIHS  National Institute of Hypertension NIRB  non-institutional review board Studies NIRCA  nonisotopic ribonuclease cleavage NIH-SS  National Institutes of Health Stroke assay Scale NIRD  nonimmune renal disease NII  National Information Infrastructure; Na- NIRF  near-infrared fluorescent tional Insurance Institute NIRMP  National Intern and Resident NIIC  National Injury Information Clearing- Matching Program house NIRNS  National Institute for Research in NII-HIN  National Information Infrastructure- Nuclear Science Health Information Network NIRS  near-infrared spectroscopy; normal NIIS  National Institute of Infant Services inactivated rabbit serum NIL  noise interference level NIRVANA  NIR Primo Stent Vascular Ad- NILT  Nursing Intervention Lexicon and vanced North America [trial] Taxonomy NIS  National Immunization Survey; nation- NIMBY  not in my backyard wide inpatient sample; near-infrared intra- N-IMF  nipple–inframammary fold distance cranial spectroscopy; network information  299 system; N-iodosuccinimide; no inflammatory NKSF  natural killer cell stimulatory factor signs; nursing information system NKTR  natural killer–triggering receptor NI-SIG  nursing informatics special interest NL  natural language; neural lobe; neutral group lipid; no direct link; nodular lymphoma; nor- NISO  National Information Standards Or- mal; normal libido; normal limits ganization nL  nanoliter NISSO  Netherlands Institute for Social nl  normal Sexological Research NLA  National Leukemia Association; neu- NIST  National Institute of Standards and roleptoanesthesia; normal lactase activity Technology nLAG  nuclear localized β-galactosidase NIT  National Intelligence Test; Nutrition NLANR  National Laboratory for Applied Intervention Trial Network Research nit  nitrous NLB  needle liver biopsy NITA  National Telecommunications and In- NLD  nasolacrimal duct; necrobiosis lipoidi- formation Administration ca diabeticorum NITD  non–insulin-treated disease NLDL  normal low-density lipoprotein nitro  nitroglycerin NLDO  nasolacrimal duct obstruction NIV  nodule-inducing virus; noninvasive NLE  neonatal lupus erythematosus ventilation Nle  norleucine NIW  nursing intensity weights NLEA  Nutrition Labeling and Education Act NIWG  Nursing Informatics Workshop NLF  nasolabial fold; neonatal lung fibro- Group blast; nonlactose fermentation NJ  nasojejunal; neighbor joining NLG  natural language generation nJ  nanojoule NLH  National Library for Health; nodular NFJS  Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syn- lymphoid hyperplasia drome NLK  neuroleukin NJLV  Naranjal virus NLL  nonlymphoblastic leukemia NJPC  National Joint Practice Commission NLLS  nonlinear least squares NK  Commission on Anatomical Nomencla- NLM  National Library of Medicine; noise ture [Ger. Nomenklatur Kommission]; natural level monitor killer [cell]; neurokinin; not known NLMC  nocturnal leg muscle cramp n/k  not known NLMS  National Longitudinal Mortality NK2  neurokinin 2 Study NKA  neurokinin A; no known allergies nLMS  normalized least mean square nkat  nanokatal NLN  National League for Nursing; no lon- NKB  neurokinin B ger needed NKC  nonketotic coma NLNE  National League for Nursing Educa- NKCA  natural killer cell activity tion NKCF  natural killer cytotoxic factor NLP  natural language processing; neurolin- NKDA  no known disabilities; no known guistic programming; no light perception; drug allergies; nonketotic diabetic acidosis nodular liquefying panniculitis; normal light NKE  sodium [Na+]/potassium [K+] ex- perception; normal luteal phase change NLR  nucleotide oligomerization domain NKF  National Kidney Foundation (NOD)-like receptor NKFA  no known food allergies NLRA  National Leukemia Research Asso- NKF-KDOQ  National Kidney Foundation ciation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative NLS  Names Learning Test; National Longi- NKH  nonketogenic hyperglycemia; nonke- tudinal Surveys; neonatal lupus syndrome; totic hyperosmotic Neu-Laxova syndrome; nonlinear least NKHA  nonketotic hyperosmolar acidosis squares; normal lymphocyte supernatant; NKHS  nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome; nuclear localization signal normal Krebs-Henseleit solution NLSC  National Longitudinal Survey of NKMA  no known medication allergies Children NKN  neurokinin NLSCY  National Longitudinal Survey of NKNA  neurokinin A Children and Youth NKNAR  neurokinin A receptor NLSQ  nonlinear least square NKNB  neurokinin B NLT  normal lymphocyte transfer; not later NKOV  Nkolbisson virus than; not less than; novel liver-specific trans- NKP  North Karelia Project porter protein; nucleus lateralis tuberis  300 nlt  not later than; not less than NMES  National Medical Expenditure Sur- NLTCS  National Long-Term Care Survey vey; neuromuscular electrical stimulation NL2SOL  nonlinear least square algorithm NMF  N-methylformamide; National Medi- NLUS  natural language understanding sys- cal Fellowships; National Migraine Founda- tem tion; nonmigrating fraction NLX  naloxone; nephrolithiasis, X-linked NMFF  Northwestern Medical Faculty Foun- NM  near miss; neomycin; neuromedical; dation neuromedin; neuromuscular; neuronal mi- NMFI  National Master Facility Inventory crodysgenesis; neuronal mode; neutrophil NMHCA  National Mental Health Consum- migration; nictitating membrane; nitrogen ers Association mustard; nocturnal myoclonus; nodular mel- NMI  no mental illness; normal male infant anoma; nodules with microcalcifications; NMIBC  non–muscle invasive bladder can- nonmotile; normetanephrine; not malignant; cer not measurable, not measured; not men- NMIHS  National Maternal and Infant tioned; not motile; nuclear medicine; nurse Health Survey manager; nurse/midwife NMIN  New Mexico Institute of Neuroim- N-m  newton-meter aging N&M  nerves and muscles; night and NMIS  nursing management information morning system N/m  newtons per meter NMJ  neuromuscular junction N × m  newton meters NML  nodular mixed lymphoma N/m2  newtons per square meter NMM  nodular malignant melanoma nM  nanomolar NMMDS  nursing management minimum nm  nanometer; night and morning [Lat. dataset nocte et mane] NMN  nicotinamide mononucleotide; NMA  National Malaria Association; Na- normetanephrine tional Medical Association; neurogenic mus- NMNRU  National Medical Neuropsychiat- cular atrophy; N-nitroso-N-methylalanine ric Research Unit nMA  nondominant motor area nmol  nanomole NMAC  National Medical Audiovisual nmol/L  nanomoles per liter Center NMOR  nemadione oxidoreductase; N- NM(ASCP)  Technologist in Nuclear Medi- nitrosomorpholine cine certified by the American Society of NMOS  N-type metal oxide semiconductor Clinical Pathologists NMP  normal menstrual period; nuclear ma- NMB  neuromedin B; neuromuscular block- trix protein; nucleoside monophosphate ade; neuromuscular blocking; neuromuscular NMPC  nonlinear model predictive control blocker/blocking NMPCA  nonmetric principal component NMBA  neuromuscular blocking agent analysis NMBR  neuromedin B receptor NMPTP  N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahy- NMC  National Medical Care; Naval Medi- dropyridine cal Center; neuromuscular control; nonmotor NMR  national medical resources; neonatal condition; nucleus reticularis magnocellu- mortality rate; nictitating membrane re- laris sponse; nuclear magnetic resonance NMCC  nasal mucociliary clearance NMRC  NeuroMuscular Research Center NMCES  National Medical Care Expendi- NMRD  nuclear magnetic relaxation disper- ture Survey sion NMCUES  National Medical Care Utiliza- NMRDC  Naval Medical Research and De- tion and Expenditure Survey velopment Command NMD  neuromyodysplasia; neuronal migra- NMRI  Naval Medical Research Institute; tion disorder; nitroglycerin-mediated dilation nuclear magnetic resonance imaging NMDA  N-methyl-D-aspartate NMRL  Naval Medical Research Laboratory NMDAR  N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NMRS  nuclear magnetic resonance spec- NmDG  N-methyl-D-glutamine troscopy NMDS  Nursing Minimum Data Set NMRU  Naval Medical Research Unit NMDSN  Nursing Minimum Data Set for NMS  Naval Medical School; neuroleptic the Netherlands malignant syndrome; neuromuscular spindle; NME  National Medical Enterprises; neuro- N-methylscopolamine; normal mouse serum; myeloencephalopathy; new molecular entity Norwegian Multicenter Study NMEP  neurogenic motor evoked potential N·m/s  newton meters per second  301 NMSC  nonmelanoma skin cancer NNM  neonatal mortality NMSE  normalized mean square error NNMC  National Naval Medical Center NMSIDS  near-miss sudden infant death NNMT  nicotinamide N-methyltransferase; syndrome Norwegian Nifedipine Multicenter Trial NMSS  National Multiple Sclerosis Society; NNN  Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle [medium] National Mycobacterial Surveillance System NNNMU  N-nitroso-N-methylurethane NMT  neuromuscular tension; neuromuscu- NNO  no new orders lar transmission; N-methyltransferase; N- nNOS  neuronal nitric oxide synthase myristoyltransferase; no more than; nuclear n nov  new name [Lat. nomen novum] medicine technology or technologist NNP  neonatal nurse practitioner; nerve net NMTCB  Nuclear Medicine Technology pulse Certification Board nnp  nearest neighbor pair NMTD  nonmetastatic trophoblastic disease NNQ  number needed to quit NMTS  neuromuscular tension state; nuclear NNR  new and nonofficial remedies matrix-targeting signal NNRTI  nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase NMU  neuromuscular unit; nitrosomethy­ inhibitor lurea NNS  neural network Sramek [equation]; NMV  New Minto virus nicotine nasal spray; nonneoplastic syn- NN  nearest neighbor; neonatal; neural net- drome work or net; neural network; neuronaviga- NNSA  National Nurses Society on Addic- tion; nevocellular nevus; normal nutrition; tion normally not notifiable; nourished; nuclear/ NNS III  Third Nationwide Nutritional Sur- nuclear [ratio]; nurse’s notes vey N/N  normocytic/normochromic [anemia] NNT  nuclei nervi trigemini; number needed nN  nanonewton to treat nn  nerves; new name NNU  neonatal unit NN-A  nearest neighbor algorithm NNVAWI  Nursing Network on Violence NNAS  neonatal narcotic abstinence syn- Against Women International drome NNWI  Neonatal Narcotic Withdrawal NNBA  National Nurses in Business Asso- Index ciation NO  narcotics officer; nitric oxide; nitrous NNC  National Nutrition Consortium oxide; none obtained; nonobese; nurse’s of- NNCA  Navy Nurse Corps Association fice NND  neonatal death; New and Nonofficial No  nobelium Drugs; nonspecific nonerosive duodenitis No, no  number NNDC  National Naval Dental Center NOA  National Optometric Association; NNDSS  National Notifiable Diseases Sur- nitro-L-arginine; nonobstructive azoosper- veillance Scheme; National Notifiable Dis- mia; Nursing Organization Alliance eases Surveillance System NOABX  no antibiotics NNE  neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis; NOAEL  no observed adverse effect level nonneuronal enolase; normalized noise en- NOAH  New York Online Access to ergy Health NNEB  National Nursery Examination Board NOAPP  National Organization of Adoles- NNG  nonspecific nonerosive gastritis cent Pregnancy and Parenting NNH  number needed to harm Nobs  number of observations NNHS  National Nursing Home Survey NOBT  nonoperative biopsy technique NNI  noise and number index NOC  N-nitroso compound; not otherwise NN-IMF  internipple–inframammary fold classified; nursing outcomes classification distance NOCDQ  nursing organizational climate de- NNIS  National Nosocomial Infection Sur- scription questionnaire veillance Noct.  at night [Lat. nocte] NNIWG  National Nursing Informatics NOD  Naito-Oyanagi disease; National Or- Work Group ganization on Disability; nodular melanoma; NNJ  neonatal jaundice nonobese diabetic [mouse]; notify of death; NNK  neural network Kubicek [equation] nucleotide oligomerization domain NNLIT  North Norwegian Lidocaine Inter- NOE  naso-orbital ethmoid [fracture]; nucle- vention Trial ar Overhauser effect NN/LM  National Network of Libraries of NOEC  no observed effect concentration Medicine NOEL  no observed effect level  302 NOES  National Occupational Exposure NOSER  Newton’s one-step error recon- Survey structor NOESY  nuclear Overhauser effect spectros- NOSIC  Neurologic Outcome Scale for In- copy fants and Children NOF  National Osteopathic Foundation; Na- NOSIE  Nurses’ Observation Scale for Inpa- tional Osteoporosis Foundation tient Evaluation NOFT  nonorganic failure to thrive NOSTA  Naval Ophthalmic Support and NOHS  National Occupational Hazards Sur- Training Activity vey NOT  neuro-organizational testing; noctur- NOII  nonocclusive intestinal ischemia nal oxygen therapy NOK  next of kin NOTB  National Ophthalmic Treatment NOL  nitric oxide level Board NOLAV  Nola virus NOTES  natural orifice transluminal endo- NOM  nonoperative management scopic surgery nom dub  a doubtful name [Lat. nomen NOTT  Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial dubium] NOV  Nodamura virus; Novantrone NOMI  nonocclusive mesenteric infarction NoV  norovirus NOMID  neonatal-onset multisystem in- NOVA  Nurses Organization of Veterans Af- flammatory disease fairs NONMEM  nonlinear mixed effects model nov n  new name [Lat. novum nomen] NONPF  National Organization of Nurse NOVS  National Office of Vital Statistics Practitioner Faculties nov sp  new species [Lat. novum species] non-REM  non–rapid eye movement NOW  network of workstations non repetat  do not repeat [Lat. non NOWIS  North Wurttemberg Infarction repetat] Study NOP  not otherwise provided for NOWS  neonatal opioid withdrawal syn- NOPHN  National Organization for Public drome Health Nursing NOx  nitrogen oxide NOR  Neurologic Outcome Research; nor- NP  4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetyl; naso- adrenaline; normal; nortriptyline; nucleolar pharyngeal, nasopharynx; natriuretic pep- organizer region tide; near point; necrotizing pancreatitis; NORA  Nordic Research on Aging neonatal perinatal; nerve palsy; neuritic NORASEPT  North American Sepsis Trial plague; neuropathic pain; neuropathology; NORC  National Opinion Research Center neuropeptide; neurophysin; neuropsychiatry; NORD  National Organization for Rare Dis- new patient; newly presented; Niemann-Pick orders [disease]; nitrogen-phosphorus; nitrophenol; NORDIL  Nordic Diltiazem [study] nitroprusside; no pain; no pressure; nonpal- NORDUnet  Nordic Countries Network pable; nonparalytic; nonpathogenic; non- NOR-EPI  norepinephrine phagocytic; nonpracticing; no progress or NORIF  nonstimulated oocyte retrieval in progression; normal plasma; normal pres- (office) fertilization sure; nosocomial pneumonia; not palpable; norleu  norleucine not perceptible; not performed; not pregnant; NORM  naturally occurring radioactive ma- not present; not protected; nucleoplasmic; terial nucleoprotein; nucleoside phosphorylase; norm  normal nurse practitioner; nursed poorly; nursing NORML  National Organization for the Re- procedure; proper name [Lat. nomen pro­ form of Marijuana Laws prium] NORMS  National Occupational Respirato- N-P  need persistence ry Mortality System Np  neper; neptunium; neurophysin NOR-P1  NOR-P1 carcinoma masses np  nucleotide pair NORV  Northway virus NPA  nasopharyngeal airway; nasopharyn- NOS  network operating system; Newcastle- geal aspirate; National Pharmaceutical As- Ottawa scale; nitric oxide synthetase; non– sociation; National Pituitary Agency; near organ specific; not on staff; not otherwise point accommodation; negative predictive specified accuracy; Nurse Practice Act NOs  nitric oxide synthetase NPa  nail-patella [syndrome] NOSAC  nonsteroidal antiinflammatory nPA  lanoteplase compound NPACI  National Partnership for Advanced NOSE  nanomechanical olfactory sensor Computational Infrastructure  303 NPA-NIHHDP  National Pituitary Agency– NP HRF  nasal pool histamine-releasing fac- National Institutes of Health Hormone Dis- tor tribution Program NPHS  National Population Health Survey; Npar  number of parameters Northwick Park Heart Study NPAT  nonparoxysmal atrial tachycardia NPhx  nasopharynx NPB  nodal premature beat; nonprotein NPI  Narcissistic Personality Inventory; Na- bound; nucleolus precursor bodies tional Provider Identifier; neuropsychiatric NPBF  nonplacental blood flow institution; neuropsychiatric inventory; no NPBV  negative pressure body ventilator present illness; nuclear polymorphism index; NPC  nasopharyngeal carcinoma; near point nucleoplasmic index of convergence; neuroparacoccidioidomyco- NPIC  neurogenic peripheral intermittent sis; nodal premature contractions; nonparen- claudication chymal [liver] cell; nonphysician clinician; NPII  Neonatal Pulmonary Insufficiency nonproductive cough; nuclear pore complex; Index nucleus of posterior commissure; Nurse NPIP  N-nitrosopiperidine Practitioner, Certified; nursing protocol con- NPJT  nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junc- sultant tional tachycardia NPCa  nasopharyngeal carcinoma NPK  neuropeptide K NPCP  National Prostatic Cancer Project; nPKC  novel protein kinase C non–Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia NPL  National Physics Laboratory; neopro- NPCRDC  National Primary Care Research teolipid and Development Centre NPM  nonpacemaker [cells]; nothing per NP-CRN  nonpolypoid colorectal neoplasia mouth NP cult  nasopharyngeal culture NPN  neural Petri net; nonprotein nitrogen NPD  narcissistic personality disorder; natri- NPO  nothing by mouth [Lat. nil per os]; uretic plasma dialysate; negative pressure nucleus preopticus device; Niemann-Pick disease; nightly peri- NPO/HS  nothing by mouth at bedtime toneal dialysis; nitrogen-phosphorus detec- [Lat. nil per os hora somni] tor; nonpathologic diagnosis; normal protein NPOS  nurses professional orientation scale diet NPP  nitrophenylphosphate; normal pool NPDB  National Practitioner Data Bank plasma; nucleus tegmenti pedunculoponti- NPDC  neurofibromatosis, pheochromocy- nus; Nurse Practitioner, Psychiatric toma, duodenal carcinoid [syndrome] NPPase  nucleotide pyrophosphatase NPDL  nodular poorly differentiated lym- NPPC  Nursing Professional Practice phocytic Council NPDR  nonproliferative diabetic retinopa- NPPE  negative pressure pulmonary edema thy NPPH  nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase NPDS  National Poison Data System NPPNG  nonpenicillinase-producing Neis- NPE  neurogenic pulmonary edema; neuro- seria gonorrhoeae psychologic examination; no palpable en- NP polio  nonparalytic poliomyelitis largement; normal pelvic examination NPPV  noninvasive positive-pressure venti- NPF  nasopharyngeal fiberscope; National lation Parkinson Foundation; National Pharmaceu- NPR  net protein ratio; normal pulse rate; tical Foundation; National Provider File;  nucleoside phosphoribosyl National Psoriasis Foundation; neuronal nPR  nuclear progestin receptor population function; no predisposing factor NPRI  nicardipine prolonged-release im- NPFT  Neurotic Personality Factor Test plant NPGA  niched Pareto algorithm NPRL  Navy Prosthetics Research Labora- NPH  nephrophthisis; neutral protamine tory Hagedorn (insulin) [obsolete]; normal pres- NPS  nail-patella syndrome; nasopharyngeal sure hydrocephalus; nucleus pulposus herni- secretion; National Pharmaceutical Stock- ation pile; neonatal progeroid syndrome; Neuro- NPHCE  national personal health care ex- pathic Pain Scale; noise power spectrum penditures NPSA  normal pilosebaceous apparatus NPHDO  Nadroparin Posthospital Dis- NPSH  nonprotein sulhydryl [group] charge in Orthopedics [study] NPT  nasal provocation test; neoprecipitin NPHE  natural phenomenon test; nocturnal penile tumescence; normal NPHF  Nurse Practitioner Healthcare Foun- pressure and temperature; sodium phosphate dation transport  304 NPTR  National Pediatric Trauma Registry NREE  nonresting energy expenditure NPU  net protein utilization NREH  normal renin essential hypertension NPUAP  National Pressure Ulcer Advisory NREM  non–rapid eye movement Panel classification NREMT  National Registry of Emergency NPUI  nursing process utilization inventory Medical Technicians NPV  negative predictive value; negative NREMT-P  nationally registered emergency pressure value; negative pressure ventilation; medical technician-paramedic net present value; nuclear polyhidrosis virus; NREN  National Aeronautics and Space Ad- nucleus paraventricularis ministration Research and Engineering Net- NPWH  Nurse Practitioners in Women’s work Health NRF  Neurosciences Research Foundation; NPWT  negative pressure wound therapy normal renal function NPY  neuropeptide Y NRFC  nonrosette-forming cell NPYR  neuropeptide Y receptor; nitrosopyr- NRFD  not ready for data rolidine NRG  nursing resources grouping N pyr  nitrosopyrrolidine NRGC  nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis NQA  nursing quality assurance NRH  nodular regenerative hyperplasia NQMI  non–Q-wave myocardial infarction NRHA  National Rural Health Association NQO  NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase NRHS  National Runners’ Health Study 4NQO  4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide NRI  nerve root involvement; nerve root ir- NQR  nuclear quadruple resonance; reduced ritation; nonrespiratory infection nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide quinine NRICR  National Registry of Inhospital Car- reductase diopulmonary Resuscitation NR  do not repeat [Lat. non repetatur]; nerve NRIV  Ngari virus root; neural retina; neutral red; noise reduc- NRK  normal rat kidney tion; no radiation; no reaction; no recurrence; NRL  national reference laboratory; nucleus no refill; no report; no respiration; no  reticularis lateralis response; no result; nonmatch response; non- NRM  National Registry of Microbiologists; reactive; nonrebreathing; nonresponder; non- no regular medications; normal range of mo- retarded; normal range; normal reaction; tion; nucleus reticularis magnocellularis normotensive rat; not readable; not recorded; NRMI  National Registry of Myocardial In- not reported; not resolved; nurse; nursing farction [service]; nutrition ratio; Reynold’s number NRMP  National Resident Matching Pro- N/R  not remarkable gram NR  Reynold’s number NRMSE  normalized root mean square error NR50  neutral red 50% nRNA  nuclear ribonucleic acid nr  near nRNP  nuclear ribonucleoprotein NRA  nitrate reductase; nucleus retroambig- NROM  normal range of motion ualis NRP  nucleus reticularis parvocellularis NRASMC  neonatal rat aortic smooth mus- NRPB  National Radiological Protection cle cell Board NRB  nonrejoining break; nursing reference NRPC  nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis base NRPG  nucleus reticularis paragigantocel- NRBC  National Rare Blood Club; normal lularis red blood cell; nucleated red blood cell NRR  net reproduction rate NRbc  nucleated red blood cell NRRC  National Rotavirus Reference Centre NRC  National Red Cross; National Re- NRRL  Northern Regional Research Labora- search Council; National Response Center; tory normal retinal correspondence; not routine NRS  Neurobehavioral Rating Scale; normal care; Nuclear Regulatory Commission rabbit serum; normal reference serum; NRCAM  National Resource for Cell Analy- Norman-Roberts syndrome; numerical rating sis and Modeling scale NrCAM  neuron glial cell–related cell adhe- NRSA  National Research Service Award sion molecule NRSCC  National Reference System in Clin- NRCC  National Registry in Clinical Chem- ical Chemistry istry; National Research Council of Canada NRSCL  National Reference System for the NRCL  nonrenal clearance Clinical Laboratory NRDL  Naval Radiological Defense Labora- NRSFPS  National Reporting System for tory Family Planning Services  305 NRT  near real time; networking research NSCT  National Society of Cardiovascular team; nicotine replacement therapy; nucleus Technologists reticularis thalami NSD  N-acetylneuraminic acid storage dis- NRTI  nucleoside reverse transcriptase in- ease; Nairobi sheep disease; neonatal staphy- hibitor lococcal disease; neurosecretory dysfunction; NRU  neutral red uptake; nursing research night sleep deprivation; nominal single dose; unit nominal standard dose; normal standard NRV  nucleus reticularis ventralis dose; no significant defect; no significant de- NRVR  normalized renal vascular resistance ficiency; no significant deviation; no signifi- NS  natural science; necrotizing sialometa- cant difference; no significant disease; plasia; Neosporin; nephrosclerosis; nephrotic normal spontaneous delivery syndrome; nervous system; Netherton syn- NSDUH  National Survey on Drug Use and drome; neurologic surgery, neurosecretion, Health neurosecretory; neurosurgery; neurosyphilis; NSDV  Nairobi sheep disease virus neurotic score; nodular sclerosis; noise/sig- NSE  neuron-specific enolase; nonspecific nal [ratio]; nonsmoker; nonspecific; nonstim- esterase; normal saline enema ulation; nonstructural; nonsymptomatic; nsec  nanosecond Noonan syndrome; normal saline; normal NSEP  needle and syringe exchange pro- serum; normal sodium; Norwegian scabies; gram; nuclease-sensitive element protein no sample; no sequelae; no shear; nosoco- NSERC  Natural Sciences and Engineering mial sinusitis; no specimen; not seen; not Research Council significant; not specified; not sufficient; not NSF  National Science Foundation; National symptomatic; nuclear sclerosis; nursing ser- Service Framework; nodular subepidermal vices; Nursing Sister fibrosis N/S  noise/signal ratio; normal saline NSFNET  National Science Foundation Net- Ns  nasospinale; nerves work ns  nanosecond; nonspecific; no sequelae; no NSFTD  normal spontaneous full-term deliv- specimen; not significant; nylon suture ery NSA  National Stroke Association; Neuro- NSG  neurosecretory granule logical Society of America; Neurosurgical nsg  nursing Society of America; Niger seed agar [medi- NSGA  nondominated sorting genetic algo- um]; nonsurgical sperm aspiration; normal rithm serum albumin; no salt added; no significant NSGC  National Society of Genetic Coun- abnormality; no significant anomaly; number selors of signals averaged NSGCT  nonseminomatous germ cell tumor nsa  no salt added NSGCTT  nonseminomatous germ cell NSABP  National Surgical Adjuvant Breast tumor of the testis and Bowel Project NSG Hx  nursing history NSAD  no signs of acute disease NSGI  nonspecific genital infection NSAE  non-serious adverse event; nonsup- NSH  National Society for Histotechnology ported arm exercise NSHD  nodular sclerosing Hodgkin disease NSAI  nonsteroidal antiinflammatory NSHG  National Study of Health and NSAIA  nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent Growth NSAID  nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug NSHL  nonsyndromic hearing loss NSAM  Naval School of Aviation Medi- NSHPT  neonatal severe hyperparathyroid- cine ism NSAS  National Survey of Ambulatory NSI  negative self-image; neurosensory im- Surgery pairment; no signs of infection/inflammation; NSC  neurosecretory cell; no significant non–syncytium inducing change; nonservice connected; non–small NSIAD  nephrogenic syndrome of inappro- cell; nonspecific suppressor cell; normal priate antidiuresis child with short stature NSICU  neurosurgical intensive care unit nsc  nonservice connected; no significant NSIDS  near sudden infant death syndrome change NSILA  nonsuppressible insulin-like activity NSCC  National Society for Crippled Chil- NSILP  nonsuppressible insulin-like protein dren NSIVCD  nonspecific intraventricular con- NSCD  non–service connected disability duction delay NSCLC  non–small cell lung cancer NSJ  nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn NSCS  night shift call system NSK  nonsquamous keratin  306 NSM  neurosecretory material; neurosecre- nsy  nursery tory motor neuron; nonantigenic specific me- NT  nasotracheal; neotetrazolium; neuroten- diator; nutrient sporulation medium sin; neurotoxin; neurotrophic; neutralization N·s/m2  newton-seconds per square meter test; nicotine tartrate; nontender; nontumoral; NSMR  National Society for Medical Re- normal temperature; normal tissue; normo- search tensive; nortriptyline; not tested; N-terminal NSN  nephrotoxic serum nephritis; nicotine- [fragment]; nourishment taken; nuchal trans- stimulated neurophysin; non–special needs lucency; nuclear transfer; nucleation time; NSNA  National Student Nurses’ Associa- nucleotidase; nucleotide; numbness and tin- tion gling NSND  nonsymptomatic and nondisabling N&T  nose and throat NSO  Neosporin ointment; nucleus supraop- NT-3  neurotrophin 3 ticus; Nursing Standard Online 5′NT  5′-nucleotidase NSP  neuron-specific protein; neurotoxic Nt  amino terminal shellfish poisoning; nonstructural protein; nt  nucleotide nuclear shuttle protein; nurse scheduling NTA  natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody; problem nitrilotriacetic acid; Nurse Training Act NSPB  National Society for the Prevention NTAB  nephrotoxic antibody of Blindness NTAV  Ntaya virus NSPECT  normal single photon emission NTBI  non–transferrin bound iron computed tomography NTBR  not to be resuscitated NSPH  neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism NTC  neotetrazolium chloride NSPN  neurosurgery progress note NTCC  National Type Culture Collection NSPORT  nurse-sensitive patient outcome NTCP  noninvasive transcutaneous cardiac research team pacing; normal tissue complication prob­ NSQ  Neuroticism Scale Questionnaire; not ability sufficient quantity NTCT  negative temperature coefficient therm- NSR  nasal septal reconstruction; nonspecif- istor ic reaction; normal sinus rhythm; no sign of NTD  5′-nucleotidase; neural tube defect; recurrence; not seen regularly nitroblue tetrazolium dye; noise tone differ- NSR/M  no sign of recurrence or metastases ence NSS  Nordic Sleep Survey; normal saline NTDB  National Trauma Data Bank solution; normal size and shape; not statisti- NTDDS  nerve-targeting drug-delivery sys- cally significant; nutrition support services tem NSSQ  Norbeck social support question- NTE  neuropathy target esterase; neurotoxic naire esterase; no toxic effect level; not to exceed NSSTT  nonspecific ST and T [wave] NTF  neurotrophic factor; normal throat flora NST  neospinothalamic; nonshivering ther- NTFOM  normal tissue complication-based mogenesis; nonstress test; nutritional support figure of merit team NTG  nitroglycerin; nitrosoguanidine; non- NSTACS  non–ST-segment elevation acute toxic goiter; normal triglyceridemia coronary syndromes NTGO  nitroglycerin ointment NSTC  National Science and Technology NTGS  National Tuberculosis Genotyping Council Service NSTEMI  non–ST-segment elevation myo- Nth  normothermia cardial infarction NTHH  nontumorous, hypergastrinemic hy- NSTI  necrotizing soft tissue infection perchlorhydria NST-ICF  nonstationary ionic channel cur- NTHi  nontypable Haemophilus influenzae rent fluctuations NTI  nonthyroid illness NSTT  nonseminomatous testicular tumor NTIA  National Telecommunications and In- NSU  neurosurgical unit; nonspecific ure- formation Administration thritis NTIG  nontreated immunoglobulin NSurg  neurosurgery, neurosurgeon NTIRE  non-thermal irreversible electropora- NSV  nonspecific vaginitis/vaginosis tion NSVD  normal spontaneous vaginal delivery NTIS  National Technical Information Ser- NSVR  normalized systemic vascular resis- vice tance NTKR  neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor NSVT  nonsustained ventricular tachycardia NTL  near-total laryngectomy; nonthoracoto- NSX  neurosurgical examination my lead; nortriptyline; no time limit  307 NTLI  neurotensin-like immunoreactivity numc  number concentration NTM  nontuberculous mycobacteria NUPV  nucleopolyhedrovirus NTMI  nontransmural myocardial infarction NURB  Neville upper reservoir buffer NTN  nephrotoxic nephritis Nut  nutrition NTNH  nontoxic, nonhemagglutinating NUTRIC  nutrition risk in the critically ill NTO  nontarget organism NUV  near ultraviolet NTON  National Transparent Optical Net- NV  nausea and vomiting; necrosis virus; work negative variation; neovascularization; next NTOS  neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome visit; nonveteran; normal value; Norwalk NTP  narcotic treatment program; National virus; not vaccinated; not venereal; not veri- Toxicology Program; nitroprusside; non- fied; not volatile thrombopenic purpura; normal temperature N&V  nausea and vomiting and pressure; 5′-nucleotidase; sodium nitro- Nv  naked vision prusside nv  new variant NT&P  normal temperature and pressure NVA  near visual acuity NTPPH  nucleoside-triphosphate pyrophos- NVB  neurovascular bundle phohydrolase NVCA  National Venereology Council of NTR  negative therapeutic reaction; nitrore- Australia ductase; nontranslated region; normotensive nvCJD  new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob dis- rat; nutrition ease ntr  nutrition NVD  nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; neck NTRC  National Toxins Research Center vein distention; neovascularization of the NTS  nasotracheal suction; nephrotoxic disk; neurovesicle dysfunction; nonvalvular serum; neurotensin; nicotine transdermal disease; normal vaginal delivery; no venereal system; nontropical sprue; nucleus tractus disease; Newcastle virus disease; number of solitarius vessels diseased NTSS  National Tuberculosis Surveillance N/V/D  nausea, vomiting, diarrhea System NVDRS  National Violent Death Reporting NTT  near-total thyroidectomy System NTU  Navy Toxicology Unit NVE  native valve endocarditis N-TUL  internal tumescent ultrasound lipo­ NVG  neovascular glaucoma; night vision sculpture goggles; nonventilated group NTV  nerve tissue vaccine NVIm  N-vinyl imidazole NTVR  normal transvalvular regurgitation NVL  no visible lesion nt wt  net weight NVM  neovascular membrane; nonvolatile NTX  naltrexone matter NTZ  normal transformation zone NVP  nevirapine; N-vinyl pyrrolidone NU  name unknown NVPO  National Vaccine Program Office nU  nanounit NVS  neurologic vital signs; nutritionally nu  nude [mouse] variant streptococci NUAPS  National Unstable Angina Pectoris NVSN  New Vaccine Surveillance Network Study NVSS  National Vital Statistics System; nor- NUBS  nonuniform rational B-spline mal variant short stature NUC  nonspecific ulcerative colitis; sodium NVTS  normal volunteer telephone screen- urate crystal ing Nuc  nucleoside NW  naked weight; nasal wash nuc  nucleated nW  nanowatt NUCARE  nursing care research NWB  nonweightbearing nucl  nucleus NWCL  New World cutaneous leishmaniasis NUD  nonulcer dyspepsia; nursing utiliza- NWDA  National Wholesale Druggists As- tion database sociation NUG  necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis NWM  nucleotide weight matrix NUGV  Nugget virus NWR  normotensive Wistar rat NUI  number user identification NWTS  National Wilms Tumor Study NUIS  non-urgent information system NWTSG  National Wilms Tumor Study nullip  nulliparous Group νm  nanometers NX  naloxane; no evidence of lymph node NUMA  nonuniform memory access; nucle- metastases; no evidence of breast tumor ar mitotic apparatus lymph node metastases  308 Nx  no evidence of lymph node metastases; NYQAS  New York Quality Assurance Sys- no evidence of breast tumor lymph node  tem metastases nyst  nystagmus NXG  necrobiotic xanthogranuloma NYV  New York virus ny  nystagmus NZ  neutral zone; normal zone NYAV  Nyabira virus NZB  New Zealand black [mouse] NYC  New York City [medium] NZC  New Zealand chocolate [mouse] NYD  not yet diagnosed; not yet discovered NZO  New Zealand obese [mouse] NYHA  New York Heart Association NZR  New Zealand red [rabbit] NYHAFC  New York Heart Association NZV  New Zealand virus Functional Class NZW  New Zealand white [mouse] NYMV  Nyamanini virus  309 OAD  obstructive airway disease; organic O anionic dye OADC  oleate-albumin-dextrose-catalase OAE  otoacoustic emission OAF  off-axis factor; off-axis ratio; open-air factor; osteoclast activating factor O  blood type in the ABO blood group; eye OAFNS  oculo-auriculofrontonasal syndrome [Lat. oculus]; nonmotile strain of microor- OAG  open-angle glaucoma ganisms [Ger. ohne Hauch]; no response OAH  ovarian androgenic hyperfunction [pacemaker]; objective findings; observed OAIS  Outcomes and Information Set frequency in a contingency table; obstetrics; OAISO  overaction of the ipsilateral superi- obvious; occipital electrode placement; oc- or oblique ciput; occlusal; office; often; ohm; old; open- OAK  Kjer optic atrophy ing; operator; operon; opium; oral, orally; OALF  organic acid labile fluid orange; orderly respirations; ortho-; orthope- OALL  ossification of anterior longitudinal dics; osteocyte; other; output; ovine; oxygen; ligament pint [Lat. octarius]; uppercase Greek letter OAM  Office of Alternative Medicine; outer omicron; zero acrosomal membrane Ω  uppercase Greek letter omega; ohm OAP  Office of Adolescent Pregnancy; old- ω  lowercase Greek letter omega; angular age pension/pensioner; ophthalmic artery velocity pressure; osteoarthropathy; oxygen at atmo- O2  both eyes; diatomic oxygen; molecular spheric pressure; precocious osteoarthrosis oxygen OAPP  Office of Adolescent Pregnancy Pro- O3  ozone grams O125  nonmucinous ovarian tumor antigen OAR  organ at risk; Ottawa ankle rule o  eye [Lat. oculus]; opening; ovary trans- OARS  Older Americans Research and Ser- plant; pint [Lat. octarius] vice; older Americans resources and servic- ο  lowercase Greek letter omicron es; Optimal Atherectomy Restenosis Study ō  negative; without OAS  old-age security; ongoing abuse OA  [o]esophageal atresia; obstructive screening; oral allergy syndrome; osmoti- apnea; occipital artery; occipito-anterior; oc- cally active substance ciput anterior; occupational asthma; octanoic OASD  ocular albinism, sensorineural deaf- acid; ocular albinism; old age; okadaic acid; ness [syndrome] oleic acid; on admission/arrival; open access; OASDHI  Old Age, Survivors, Disability open appendectomy; opiate analgesia; oph- and Health Insurance thalmic artery; opsonic activity; optic  OASDI  Old Age Survivors and Disability atrophy; oral airway; oral alimentation;  Insurance organic anion; orotic acid; osteoarthritis; os- OASI  Old Age and Survivors Insurance teoarthrosis; ovalbumin; ovarian antibody; OASIS  Older Adults Service and Informa- overall assessment; Overeaters Anonymous; tion System; Organization to Assess Strate- oxalic acid gies for Ischemic Syndromes; Outcome and O&A  observation and assessment Assessment Information Set; Overweight OA1  ocular albinism type 1 and Seeking Infertility Support O2a  oxygen availability OASP  organic acid soluble phosphorus OAA  Old Age Assistance; Older Americans OAstV  ovine astrovirus Act; Opticians Association of America; oxa- OAT  O-acetyltransferase; Ochanomizu As- loacetic acid pirin Trial; oligoasthenoteratozoospermia; OAAD  ovarian ascorbic acid depletion Open Artery Trial; organic anion transporter; OAAS  observer’s assessment alertness/ ornithine aminotransferase sedation scale OATL  ornithine aminotransferase-like OAAV  ovine adeno-associated virus OATP1B1  organic anion-transporting poly- OAdV  ovine adenovirus peptide 1B1 OAdV-A, B, C  ovine adenoviruses A, B, C OATR  organism attribute OAB  old-age benefits; overactive bladder OAV  oculoauriculovertebral OABP  organic anion binding protein OAVS  oculoauriculovertebral syndrome OA/BVM  oral airway/bag-valve-mask OAVD  oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia OAC  omeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromy- OAW  oral airways cin OB  obese [mouse]; obese, obesity; objective OACT  occupational activity benefit; obliterative bronchiolitis; obstetrics,  310 obstetrician; occult bacteremia; occult bleed- OCB  obsessive-compulsive behavior ing; olfactory bulb; oligoclonal band OCBAS  Optimal Coronary Balloon Angio- O&B  opium and belladonna plasty vs. Stent [trial]; Optimal Coronary ob  obese [mouse] Balloon Angioplasty with Provisional Stent- OBA  office-based anesthesia; Office of Bio- ing vs. Primary Stent [trial] technology Activities OCBF  outer cortical blood flow OBAD  optimal biologically active dose OCC  object-centered coordinate; oculocer- OBB  oriented bounding boxes; own bed ebrocutaneous; oocyte-cumulus complexes; bath operable case-based reasoning–oriented OBD  organic brain disease case; optimal care committee; oral cholecys- OBCAM  opioid-binding cell adhesion mol- tography; original component complexes ecule occ  occasional; occiput, occipital; occlu- OBE  Office of Biological Education sion, occlusive; occupation; occurrence OBET  odor-baited entry trap occas  occasional OBF  organ blood flow OCCI  oblique clear corneal incision OBG, ObG obstetrics and gynecology, occip  occiput, occipital obstetrician-gynecologist occl  occlusion, occlusive OBGS  obstetric and gynecologic surgery OCCPR  open-chest cardiopulmonary resus- OB-GYN, ob-gyn  obstetrics and gynecol- citation ogy, obstetrician-gynecologist OccTh  occupational therapist/therapy obj  objective occ ther  occupational therapist/therapy obl  oblique occup  occupation, occupational OBMT  omeprazole, bismuth, metronida- occup Rx  occupational therapy zole, tetracycline OCCV  object-centered coordinate values OBOV  Obodhiang virus OCD  obsessive-compulsive disorder; Office OBP  odorant-binding protein; ova, blood, of Child Development; Office of Civil De- parasites fense; osteochondritis dissecans; ovarian OBR  obesity gene receptor cholesterol depletion; oxygen cost diagram OBRA  Omnibus Reconciliation Act OCDD  octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin OBS  obesity; obstetric service; office-based OCF  occipito-frontal surgery; organic brain syndrome OCG  omnicardiogram; oral cholecysto- Obs  observation, observed; obstetrics, ob- gram stetrician OCH  oral contraceptive hormone obs  obsolete OCHA  Office for the Coordination of Hu- Obst  obstetrics, obstetrician manitarian Affairs obst, obstr  obstruction, obstructed OCHAMPUS  Office of Civilian Health and OBT  optimized background therapy Medical Programs of the Uniformed Services OB-US  obstetric ultrasound OCHS  Office of Cooperative Health Statis- OC  obstetric conjugate; occlusocervical; tics [o]esophageal candidiasis; office call; on OCIS  Oncology Clinical Information Sys- call; only child; optical colonoscopy; optic tem chiasma; oral contraceptive; orbicularis OCL  osteochondrosis latens oculi; order communication; organ culture; OCLC  Ohio Computer Library Center; on- organochlorine; original claim; orofacial line computer library center cleft; outer canthal [distance]; ovarian can- OCM  oral contraceptive medication cer; oxygen consumed OCN  oculomotor nucleus; oncology certi- O&C  onset and course fied nurse; osteocalcin O/C  ornithine/citrulline ratio OCOA  Online Cytogenetics of Animals OCA  octylcyanoacrylate; oculocutaneous al- OCP  octacalcium phosphate; ocular cicatri- binism; olivopontocerebellar atrophy; optical- cial pemphigoid; Onchocerciasis Control clearing agent; oral contraceptive agent Programme; oral case presentation; oral con- OCa  ovarian carcinoma traceptive pill OCA1A  oculocutaneous albinism type 1a OC&P  ova, cysts, and parasites OCA1B  oculocutaneous albinism type 1b OCPD  obsessive-compulsive personality OCA2  oculocutaneous albinism type 2 disorder OCA3  oculocutaneous albinism type 3 OCPE  office of clinical practice evaluation OCA4  oculocutaneous albinism type 4 OCR  oculocardiac reflex; oculocerebrorenal OCAD  occlusive carotid artery disease [syndrome]; optical character reader; optical O2cap  oxygen capacity character recognition  311 oCRF  ovine corticotropin-releasing factor ODED  oculo-digito-esophago-duodenal [syn- OCRG  oxycardiorespirography drome] oCRH  ovine corticotropin-releasing hor- ODES  Oslo Diet and Exercise Study mone ODFR  oxygen-derived free radical OCRL  oculocerebrorenal [syndrome] of ODI  oxygen desaturation index Lowe ODIF  office document interchange format OCRS  oculocerebrorenal syndrome ODISY  Online Deaconess Information Sys- OCS  occipital condyle syndrome; Ondine’s tem curse syndrome; open canalicular system; ODM  ophthalmodynamometer, ophthalmo- oral contraceptive steroid; order communica- dynamometry tion system; outpatient clinic substation; Ox- ODN  oligodeoxyribonucleotide ford Cholesterol Study ODOD  oculo-dento-osseous dysplasia OCSD  oculocraniosomatic disease Odont  odontogenic OCSI  orthostatic change in shock index ODP  offspring of diabetic parents; open dis- OCSP  Oxfordshire Community Stroke Proj- tributed processing; right occipitoposterior ect [Lat. occipito-dextra pos­terior] OCT  object classification test; ocular coher- ODPHP  Office of Disease Prevention and ence tomography; optical coherence tomog- Health Promotion raphy; optimal cutting temperature; oral ODQ  on direct questioning cavity tumor; oral contraceptive therapy;  ODRV  Odrenisrou virus organic cation transporter; ornithine carbam- ODS  organized delivery system; original oyltransferase; orthotopic cardiac transplan- dataset; osmotic demyelination syndrome tation; outer canthal distance; oxytocin ODSG  ophthalmic Doppler sonogram challenge test ODT  oculodynamic tract; right occipito- O-CT  ortho-computed tomography transverse [Lat. occipito-dextra transversa] OCTD  overlap connective tissue disease ODTS  organic dust toxic syndrome OCTM  open-cavity tympanomastoidectomy ODU  optical density unit OCU  observation care unit ODV  optimal diagnostic value OCV  ordinary conversational voice OE  on examination; organization engine; OD  Doctor of Optometry; object dictionary; orthopedic examination; otitis externa; out- obtained absorbance; occipital dysplasia; oc- stationed enrollment cupational dermatitis; occupational disease; O/E  observed/expected ratio oculodynamic; Ollier disease; on duty; once O&E  observation and examination a day; open drop; optical density; optimal Oe  oersted dose; originally derived; out-of-date; outside OEE  osmotic erythrocyte enrichment; outer diameter; overdosage, overdose; right eye enamel epithelium [Lat. oculus dexter] OEF  oil immersion field; oxygen extraction O-D  obstacle dominance fraction OD-1  Organ Disease 1 [study] O2EI  oxygen extraction index OD-2  Organ Disease 2 [study] OEIS  omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate O2D  oxygen delivery anus, spinal defects ODA  office document architecture; open OEL  occupational exposure limit document architecture; overall disease  OELM  optimal external laryngeal manipula- assessment; right occipitoanterior [Lat. tion occipito-dextra anterior] OEM  object exchange model; opposite ear ODAC  Oncologic Drugs Advisory Com­ masked; original electronic manufacturer mittee OEP  operational effectiveness program ODB  opiate-directed behavior OEPA  Onchocerciasis Elimination Program ODBC  open database connectivity for the Americas ODC  oritidine decarboxylase; ornithine de- OER  osmotic erythrocyte; oxygen enhance- carboxylase; oxygen dissociation curve ment ratio Odc  ornithine decarboxylase O2ER  oxygen extraction ratio ODCP  ornithine decarboxylase pseudo- OERP  Office of Education and Regional gene Programming ODD  oculodentodigital; oppositional defi- OERR, OE/RR  order entry and results re- ant disorder; osteodental dysplasia porting OD’d  overdosed OES  optical emission spectroscopy; oral ODE  Office of Device Evaluation; ordinary esophageal stethoscope differential equation; orphan drug exclusivity oesoph  [o]esophagus  312 OET  oral endotracheal tube; oral esophageal OHAHA  ophthalmoplegia, hypotonia, atax- tube ia, hypacusis, athetosis [syndrome] O2Ext  oxygen extraction OHB12  hydroxycobalamin OF  occipitofrontal; opacity factor; open O2Hb  oxyhemoglobin field; optical fundus; orbital fracture; orbito- OHC  occupational health center; outer hair frontal; osmotic fragility; osteitis fibrosa; cell; Oxford Haemophilia Centre output factor; oxidation-fermentation 5-OHC  5-hydroxycysteine O/F  oxidation-fermentation OHCA  out-of-hospital cardiac arrest OFA  oncofetal antigen OH-Cbl  hydroxycobalamin OFAGE  orthogonal field alternation gel OHCC  hydroxycalciferol; out-of-home electrophoresis child care OFAS  Office of Food Additive Safety OHCOB  hydroxycobalamin OFBM  oxidation-fermentation basal medi- OHCS  hydroxycorticosteroid um OHD  hydroxylase deficiency; hydroxyvita- OFC  occipitofrontal circumference; optical min D; Office of Human Development; flow constraint; orbitofacial cleft; orbitofron- Ondine-Hirschsprung disease; organic heart tal cortex; osteitis fibrosa cystica disease OFCTAD  occipito-facio-cervico-thoraco-ab- 1,25(OH)2D3  1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 domino-digital dysplasia 25-OH-D  25-hydroxyvitamin D OFD  object-film distance; occipital frontal OHDA  hydroxydopamine diameter; oro-facial-digital [syndrome] 8-OH-dG  8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine ofd  object-film distance 16-OH-DHAS  16-alpha-hydroxydehydro- Off  official epiandrosterone sulfate OFHA  occipitofrontal headache 8-OH-DPAT  8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylami- OFI  open and flexible learning no)tetralin OFM  orofacial malformation OHDS  Office of Human Development Ser- OFNE  oxygenated fluorocarbon emulsion vices OFS  optical file system; oscillating field OHE  optimized zona-free hamster egg- stimulator sperm penetration assay; other hospital  OFTT  organic failure to thrive employee OFUN  organism function OHF  Omsk hemorrhagic fever OG  n-octyl-β-D-glucoside; obstetrics and OHFA  hydroxy fatty acid gynecology; occlusogingival; oligodendro- OHFT  overhead frame trapeze cyte; optic ganglion; orange green; orogas- OHFV  Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus tric; overgarment OHI  Occupational Health Institute; opera- O&G  obstetrics and gynecology tive hypertension indicator; oral hygiene OGC  oculogyric crisis index; Oral Hygiene Instruction OGD  [o]esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy OHIAA  hydroxyindoleacetic acid OGDH  oxoglutarate dehydrogenase OHIPD  Office of Health Information Pro- OGF  ovarian growth factor; oxygen gain grams Development factor OHI-S  Oral Hygiene Instruction-Simplified OGH  ovine growth hormone OHL  oral hairy leukoplakia OGI  oxygen-glucose index OHMO  Office of Health Maintenance Or- OGIB  obscure gastrointestinal bleeding ganizations OGJ  [o]esophagogastric junction OHN  occupational health nurse; optical OGLA  oral glucose-lowering agents nerve head OGNP  Obstetrics and Gynecology Nurse OHP  hydroxyprogesterone; hydroxypro- Practitioner line; occupational health plan; Oregon Health OGS  oxygenic steroid Plan; oxygen under high pressure OGTT  oral glucose tolerance test 17-OHP  17-hydroxyprogesterone OGZN  organization OHPCC  Office of High-Performance Com- OH  hydroxycorticosteroid; obstructive hy- puting and Communications popnea; occipital horn; occupational health; OHR  occupational health research; Office occupational history; oligomer hybridization; of Health Research open heart; orthostatic hypotension; osteo- OHRP  Office for Human Research Protec- pathic hospital; out of hospital; outpatient tions hospital OHS  obesity hypoventilation syndrome; oc- 17-OH  17-hydroxycorticosteroid cipital horn syndrome; occupational health OHA  oral hypoglycemic agents and safety; occupational health service;  313 ocular histoplasmosis syndrome; open heart OLC  ouabain-like compound surgery; Oslo Hypertension Study; ovarian OLD  obstructive lung disease; orthochro- hyperstimulation syndrome matic leukodystrophy OHSD  hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase OLDMEDLINE  Old MEDLARS Online OHSR  Office of Human Subjects Research OLE  object linking and embedding OHSS  ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome olf  olfactory OHT  ocular hypertension; orthotopic heart OLFR  olfactory receptor transplantation; Oslo Heart Trial OLGIH  obscure lower gastrointestinal hem- OHTA  Office of Health Technology Assess- orrhage ment OLH  ovine lactogenic hormone 5-OHU  5-hydroxyuracil oLH  ovine luteinizing hormone OI  obturator internus; occasional insomnia; OLI  octree level index opportunistic infection; opsonic index; or- OLIDS  open-loop insulin delivery system gasmic impairment; orientation inventory; OLIV  Olifantsvlei virus orthoiodohippurate; osteogenesis imperfecta; OLMC  online medical control ouabain insensitivity; oxygen intake OLP  left occipitoposterior [Lat. occipito- O-I  outer and inner laeva posterior] OIC  organized indigenous caregiving OLR  otology, laryngology, and rhinology OID  object identifier; optimal immunomod- ol res  oleoresin ulating dose; Organism Identification Num- OLRx  orthotopic liver transplantation ber; oxygen insufflation device OLS  ordinary least square; oubain-like sub- OIF  observed intrinsic frequency; oil im- stance mersion field; open internal fixation; Osteo- OLT  left occipitotransverse; orthotopic liver genesis Imperfecta Foundation transplantation OIG  Office of the Inspector General OLVV  Oliveros virus OIH  Office of International Health; or- OM  obtuse marginal [artery]; obtuse men- thoiodohippurate; ovulation-inducing hor- tal; occipitomental; occupational medicine; mone ocular movement; oculomotor; operations OILD  occupational immunologic lung dis- manager; Osborne Mendel [rat]; osteomala- ease cia; osteomyelitis; osteopathic manipulation; oint  ointment otitis media; outer membrane; ovulation OIP  organizing interstitial pneumonia method OIR  Office of Information Resources; Of- OMA  object management architecture; fice of International Research; ongoing im- omapatrilat plantation rate OMAC  otitis media, acute catarrhal OIS  object information system; organ injury OMAS  occupational maladjustment syn- scale; Oslo Ischemia Study; outpatient infor- drome mation system OMB  obtuse marginal branch; Office of OIT  organic integrity test Management and Budget OITAV  Oita virus OMC  office of managed care; orientation- OJ  orange juice memory-concentration [test] OKC  odontogenic keratocyst OMCH  Office of Maternal and Child OKHV  Okhotskiy virus Health OKN  optokinetic nystagmus OMCT  Orientation-Memory-Concentration OKOV  Okola virus Test OKR  optokinetic response; Ottawa knee OMD  ocular muscle dystrophy; oculoman- rules dibulodyscephaly; orbital maxillary disjunc- OKS  optokinetic stimulus tion; organic mental disorder; oromandibular OKT  ornithine ketoacid aminotransferase dystonia OL  open label(ed) OMDB  object microdatabase ol  left eye [Lat. oculus laevus] OME  office of medical examiner; otitis OLA  left occipitoanterior [Lat. occipito- media with effusions laeva anterior]; oligonucleotide ligation OMED  World Organisation for Digestive assay Endoscopy [Fr. Organisation Mondiale OLAP  online analytical processing d’Endoscopie Digestive] OLAS  oligoisoadenylate synthetase OMEGA  Ottawa-Madison electron gamma OLB  olfactory bulb; open liver biopsy; open algorithm lung biopsy OMERACT  Outcome Measures in Rheuma- OLBx  open lung biopsy toid Arthritis Clinical Trial  314 OMFAQ  Older Americans Resources and ONE  otoneurologic expert system Services (OARS) Multidimensional Func- ONG  optic nerve glioma tional Assessment Questionnaire ONMRS  onychotrichodysplasia, neutrope- OMG  object management group; oligoden- nia, mental retardation syndrome drocyte-myelin glycoprotein; osteopathic ONNV  o’nyong-nyong virus medical school graduate ONP  operating nursing procedure; orthoni- OMGE  World Organization for Gastroenter- trophenyl ology [Fr. Organisation Mondiale de Gastro- ONPG  o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyran- Enterologie] oside OMGP  oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein ONS  Office for National Statistics; Oncol- OMH  Office of Mental Health ogy Nursing Society; oral nutritional supple- OMI  office of medical investigator; old mentation myocardial infarction ONSA  Organization for Nucleotide Se- OMIA  Online Mendelian Inheritance in quencing and Analysis Animals ONTG  oral nitroglycerin OMIM  Online Mendelian Inheritance in ONTR  orders not to resuscitate Man OO  object oriented; oophorectomy; orbicu- OML  orbitomental line laris oculi OMN  oculomotor nerve O&O  on and off OMNI  Organizing Medical Networked In- OOA  object-oriented analysis; outer optic formation anlage OMOV  Omo virus OOB  out of bed OMP  olfactory marker protein; oligonucle- OODB  object-oriented database oside methylphosphonate; ornithine mono- OODBMS  object-oriented database man- phosphate; orotidine-5′-monophosphatase; agement system outer membrane protein OOG  optic oculography OMPA  octamethyl pyrophosphoramide; OOH  out of hospital otitis media, purulent, acute OOH/CA  out-of-hospital cardiac arrest OmpA, ompA  outer membrane protein A OOHP  out-of-hospital program OMPC, OMPCh otitis media, purulent, OOHRT  object-oriented health care termi- chronic nology respository OmpF, ompF  outer membrane protein F OOLR  ophthalmology, otology, laryngolo- OMR  oligomycin-resistant; online medical gy, and rhinology record OOM, oom  oogonial metaphase OMRT  Ontario Association of Medical Ra- OOMM  object-oriented matrix model diation Technologists OON  out of network OMS  occupational medical services; or- OOP  object-oriented programming ganic mental syndrome; otomandibular syn- OOR  out of room drome OORR  orbicularis oculi reflex response OM&S  osteopathic medicine and surgery OOSE  object-oriented software engineering OMSA  otitis media, suppurative, acute OOSS  Outpatient Ophthalmic Surgery So- OMSC  otitis media secretory/suppurative ciety chronic OOW  out of wedlock OMT  object modeling technique; ocular mi- OOWS  objective opiate withdrawal scale crotremor; O-methyltransferase; ophthalmic OP  occipitoparietal; occipitoposterior; oc- medical technician/technologist; osteopathic ciput posterior; octapeptide; olfactory pedun- manipulative therapy cle; opening pressure; operation, operative; OMV  outer membrane vesicle operative procedure; ophthalmology; op- OMVC  open mitral valve commissurotomy ponens pollicis; optic neuritis; organophos- ON  occipitonuchal; office nurse; olfactory phate; oropharynx; orthostatic proteinuria; nucleus; onlay; optic nerve; orthopedic osmotic pressure; osteoporosis; outpatient; nurse; osteonecrosis; osteonectin; overnight ovine prolactin ONAC  Office of Noise Abatement and Con- O&P  ova and parasites trol O/P  outpatient ONC  oncogene; oncology; open network Op  ophthalmology; opisthocranion communication; Orthopedic Nurse, Certi- op  operation; operator fied; over-the-needle catheter OPA  oligonucleoside phosphoramidate; OND  Ophthalmic Nursing Diploma; orbito- open procurement agency; o-phthaladehyde; nasal dislocation; other neurologic disorders optic atrophy; organ procurement agency;  315 oropharyngeal airway; outcome and process OPLL  ossification of posterior longitudinal assessment; ovine pulmonary adenocarci- ligament noma OPM  occult primary malignancy; Office of OPALS  Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Personnel Management; ophthalmoplegic Support [study] migraine op-amp  operational amplifier OPMD  oculopharyngeal muscular dystro- OPB  osteoporosis-preventing behaviors; phy outpatient basis OPMSS  Olestra Postmarketing Surveil- OPC  oculopalatocerebral [syndrome]; oli- lance Study gonucleotide purification cartridge; outpa- OPN  ophthalmic nurse; osteopontin tient clinic; overall performance category OPO  organ procurement organization OPCA  olivopontocerebellar atrophy OPP  osmotic pressure of plasma; oxygen OPCAB  off-pump coronary artery bypass partial pressure OPCD  olivopontocerebellar degeneration opp  opposite OPCOS  oligomenorrheic polycystic ovary OPPA  vincristine, procarbazine, predni- syndrome sone, Adriamycin OPCRIT  operational criteria OPPG  oculopneumoplethysmography OPCS  Office of Population Censuses and OPPS  outpatient prospective payment sys- Surveys tem OPD  obstetric prediabetic; o-phenylenedi- OPR  ongoing pregnancy rate amine; optical path difference; otopalato- OPRD  opiate receptor delta digital [syndrome]; outpatient department; OPRK  opiate receptor kappa outpatient dispensary OPRR  Office for Protection from Research o-PDA  o-phenylenediamine Risks O′p-DDD  mitotane OPRT  orotate phosphoribosyltransferase OpDent  operative dentistry OPRTase  orotate phosphoribosyltransferase OPDG  ocular plethysmodynamography OPS  operations; optical position sensor; OPDM  oculopharyngodistal myopathy optimal parameter search; osteoporosis- OPDP  Office of Prescription Drug Promo- pseudolipoma syndrome; outpatient service; tion outpatient surgery OPDS  otopalatodigital syndrome OPSA  ovarian papillary serous adenocarci- OPF  oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate] noma OPG  ocular pneumoplethysmography; or- OpScan  optical scanning thopantomogram; osteoprotegerin; oxypoly- OPSEC  operations security gelatin OPSI  overwhelming postsplenectomy in- opg  opening fection OPH  obliterative pulmonary hypertension; OPSR  Office of Professional Standards Re- ophthalmia; organic phosphate view OPH, Oph ophthalmology; ophthalmo- OPT  oligonucleoside phosphorothioate; o- scope, ophthalmoscopy phthaldialdehyde; optimal pharmacologic Oph A  ophthalmic artery therapy; optimization; outpatient; outpatient OPHC  Office of Prepaid Health Care treatment; ovulation predictor test OphD  Doctor of Ophthalmology opt  best [Lat. optimus]; optician, optics OPHS  Office of Public Health and Sci- OPTHD  optimal hemodialysis ence OPTICUS  Optimization with Intracoronary Ophth  ophthalmology Ultrasound to Reduce Stent Restenosis [trial] OPI  oculoparalytic illusion; Omnibus Per- OPTIMAAL  Optimal Trial in Myocardial sonality Inventory Infarction with Angiotensin II Antagonist OPIDN  organophosphate-induced delayed Losartan neuropathy OPTIME  Outcomes of a Prospective Trial of OPIDP  organophosphate-induced delayed Intravenous Milrinone for Exacerbations polyneuropathy OPTIME CHF  Outcomes of a Prospective OPIM  other potentially infectious material Trial of Intravenous Milrinone for Exacerba- OPK  object-processing kernel; optokinetic; tions of Chronic Heart Failure ovulation predictor kit OPTN  organ procurement and transplant OPL  other party liability; outer plexiform network layer; ovine placental lactogen OPU  oocyte pick-up OPLINK  Ohio Public Library Information OPUS  Orbofiban in Patients with Unstable Network Coronary Syndromes [study]  316 OPV  oral polio vaccine; ovine papilloma­ ORLS  Oxford Record Linkage Study virus ORM  object relational mapping; Office OPV 1, 2  ovine papillomaviruses 1, 2 of Research and Methodology; orosomu- OPWL  opiate withdrawal coid; other regulated material; oxygen ratio  OQAQ  Overview Quality Assessment monitor Questionnaire ORMC  oxygen ratio monitor controller OR  a logical binary relation that is true if ORN  olfactory receptor neuron; operating any argument is true and false otherwise; room nurse; orthopedic nurse odds ratio; [o]estrogen receptor; oil retention; Orn  ornithine oligomer of resveratrol; open reduction; open ORNL  Oak Ridge National Laboratory repair; operating room; optic radiation; oral ORO  oil red O rehydration; orbicularis oris; orosomucoid; ORO  observed odds ratio orthopedic; orthopedic research; ouabain OROS  oral osmotic; osmotic controlled- resistant; outwardly rectifying; oxidized rad- release technology ical OROV  Oropouche virus O-R  oxidation-reduction ORP  operating room personnel; oxidation- OR  rate of outflow reduction potential Or  orbitale ORPM  orthorhythmic pacemaker ORA  opiate receptor agonist ORR  objective response rate; overall re- ORACLE  Overview of the Role of Antibiot- sponse rate ics in Curtailing Labor and Early Delivery ORS  olfactory reference syndrome; oral [trial] rehydration solution; oral surgery, oral sur- ORALABX  oral antibiotics geon; Orthopaedic Research Society; ortho- ORANS  Oak Ridge Analytical System pedic surgeon, orthopedic surgery; oxygen ORB  object request broker radical scavengers ORBC  ox red blood cell ORSA  osteoclast resorption stimulating ORBIT  Oral Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor activity; oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus Blockade to Inhibit Thrombosis [trial] aureus ORC  oculo-reno-cerebellar [syndrome]; ori- ORT  object relations technique; operating gin recognition complex room technician; oral rehydration therapy ORCA  open record for care ORT  true odds ratio orch  orchitis orth, ortho  orthopedic, orthopedics ORCHIDS  Office Records Charts Informa- ORUV 1, 2, 3, 4  Orungo viruses 1, 2, 3, 4 tion Data System ORW  Osler-Rendu-Weber [syndrome] ORCl  outwardly rectifying chloride current ORXV  Oriximina virus ORD  optical rotatory dispersion; oral radia- ORYX  outcome research yields excellence tion death OS  left eye [Lat. oculus sinister]; object ORDS  Office of Research, Demonstration, oriented; occipitosacral; occupational safety; and Statistics office surgery; oligosaccharide; Omenn syn- ORE  oil retention enema drome; opening snap; open source; open sple- OREF  Orthopedic Research and Education nectomy; operating system; Opitz syndrome; Foundation oral surgery; ordinal scale; organ-specific; ORESTES  open reading expressed sequence orthognathic surgery; orthopedic surgeon, tags orthopedic surgery; Osgood-Schlatter [dis- ORF, orf  open reading frame ease]; osteogenic sarcoma; osteosarcoma; OR&F  open reduction and fixation osteosclerosis; ouabain sensitivity; overall ORFV  orf virus survival; oxygen saturation Org, org  organic Os  osmium ORGM  organism OSA  obstructive sleep apnea; Office of Ser- ORH  order header vices to the Aging; Optical Society of Amer- ORI  Office of Research Integrity ica; ovarian sectional area ORIA  Office of Radiation and Indoor Air OSACA  Osaka Follow-up Study for Ultra- ORIF  open reduction with internal fixation sonographic Assessment of Carotid Athero- ORIS  ophthalmic retrobulbar injection sim- sclerosis ulator OSAHS  obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea oriT  origin of transfer syndrome ORIV  Oriboca virus OSAI  organism-specific antibody index OrJ  orange juice OSAS  obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ORL  otorhinolaryngology OSBP  oxysterol binding protein  317 OSC  on-scene coordinator osteo  osteoarthritis; osteomyelitis; osteop- osc  oscillation athy OSCAR  Olive Oil, Safflower Oil, Canola OSTI  Optimal Stent Implantation [trial] Oil and Rapeseed Oil [study]; online survey, OSTP  Office of Science and Technology certification, and reporting system Policy OSCC  oral squamous cell carcinoma OSUK  Ophthalmological Society of the OSCE  objective structured clinical examina- United Kingdom tion OSV  observable state variable OS-CS  osteopathia striata–cranial sclerosis OT  objective test; oblique talus; occlusion [syndrome] time; occupational therapist, occupational OSDAT  Oslo Study Diet and Antismoking therapy; ocular tension; office therapy; old Trial term [anatomy]; old tuberculin; olfactory OSE  ovarian surface epithelium threshold; on treatment; optic tract; orien- OS-EM  ordered-subsequent expectation tation test; original tuberculin; ornithine maximization transcarbamylase; orotracheal; orthopedic OSF  open software foundation; organ sys- treatment; otolaryngology; otology; oxyto- tem failure; osteoclast-stimulating factor; cin; oxytryptamine outer spiral fiber; overgrowth stimulating Ot  otolaryngology factor OTA  occupational therapy assistant; ochra- OSF/DCE  open software foundation/dis- toxin A; Office of Technology Assessment; tributed computing environment ornithine transaminase; orthotoluidine arse- OSG  Office of the Surgeon General nite OSGi  open services gateway initiative OTBA  open tranaxillary breast augmenta- OSHA  Occupational Safety and Health Ad- tion ministration OTC  ornithine transcarbamylase; oval target OSH Act  Occupational Safety and Health cell; ovarian tissue culture; over-the-counter; Act of 1970 oxytetracycline OsHV  ostreid herpesvirus OTCD  ornithine carbamoyltransferase defi- OSI  open systems interconnection ciency OSIRIS  Open Study of Infants at High Risk OTD  oculotrichodysplasia; oral temperature or with Respiratory Insufficiency: the Role of device; organ tolerance dose Surfactants; Optimization Study of Infarct OTE  optically transparent electrode Reperfusion Investigated by ST-Monitoring OTF  octamer-binding transcription factor; OSLER  objectively structured long exami- optical transfer function; oral transfer factor; nation record; Offspring of Systemic Lupus outpatient treatment file Erythematosus Mothers Registry OTFC  oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate OSM  ovine submaxillary mucin; oxygen OTI  ovomucoid trypsin inhibitor saturation meter OTIS  Organization of Teratology Informa- Osm  osmolarity, osmosis tion Specialists osm  osmole; osmosis, osmotic OTM  orthotoluidine manganese sulfate OSMED  otospondylometaphyseal dysplasia OTO  otology; otorhinolaryngology Osm/kg  osmoles per kilogram OTOF  orthogonal time-of-flight Osm/L  osmoles per liter Otol  otology, otologist osmol  osmole OTPS  other than personal services OSMT  Ontario Society of Medical Tech- OTR  Occupational Therapist, Registered; nologists Ovarian Tumor Registry O-SP  O-specific polysaccharide OTReg  Occupational Therapist, Registered OspA  outer surface protein A OTRs  organ transplant recipients OSQL  object structure query language OTS  n-octadecyltrichlorosilane; occipital OSRC  osteosarcoma temporal sulcus; optical tracking system; OSRD  Office of Scientific Research and De- orotracheal suction velopment OTSG  Office of the Surgeon General OSS  osseous; over-the-shoulder strap OTSMD  Ornithine Transcarbamoylase Struc- oss  osseous ture and Mutation Database OSSAV  Ossa virus OTT  orotracheal tube OST  object sorting test; Office of Science OTU  olfactory tubercle; operational taxo- and Technology; opioid substitution therapy; nomic unit osteosarcoma takase cells; Ottawa Stroke OTW  over the wire Trial OTZ  oxathiozolidine  318 OU  observation unit; Oppenheimer-Urbach OW  once weekly; open wedge; outcome [syndrome] washing; outer wall; oval window; over- ou  both eyes together [Lat. oculi unitas] weight OUAV  Ouango virus O/W, o/w  oil in water OUB  ouabain OWCL  Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis OUBIV  Oubi virus OWI  Office of Worksite Initiatives OUBR  ouabain resistance OW/O  overweight and obesity OULQ  outer upper left quadrant o/w/o  oil in water/oil OUME  operative unit of medical herpetol- OWR  Osler-Weber-Rendu [syndrome]; ovar- ogy ian wedge resection OUR  oxygen uptake rate OWS  outerwear syndrome OURQ  outer upper right quadrant OX  optic chiasma; orthopedic examination; OURS  Oxford University Research Study; oxacillin; oxalate; oxide; oxytocin oxygen utilization rate study Ox  oxygen OURV  Ourem virus ox  oxidized OUS  overuse syndrome OXA  oxaprotiline OUTCLAS  Outpatient Coronary Low- OXCHECK  Oxford and Collaborators Profile Angioplasty Study Health Check [trial] OUTI  other urinary tract infections OXIPHOS  oxidative phosphorylation OV  oculovestibular; office visit; oncovirus; OxLDL, Ox-LDL  oxidized low-density li- osteoid volume; outflow volume; ovalbumin; poprotein ovary; overventilation; ovulation OXMIS  Oxford Myocardial Infarction Inci- Ov  ovary dence Study ov  ovum Oxo  oxanosine OVA  ovalbumin 8oxoA  8-oxoadenine ova  ovariectomy 8oxoG  8-oxoguanine OVAT  Ongoing Violence Assessment Tool OXP  oxypressin OVC  ovarian cancer OXPHOS  oxidative phosphorylation OVD  occlusal vertical dimension; ophthal- OXT  oxytocin mic viscosurgical device OXTR  oxytocin receptor OvDF  ovarian dysfunction OXY  oxytocin OvHV  ovine herpesvirus OXY, oxy  oxygen OVLT  organum vasculosum of the lamina OYE  old yellow enzyme terminalis OYS  Oslo Youth study OVRV  Oak-Vale virus oz  ounce OVSMC  ovine vascular smooth muscle oz ap, oz apoth  apothecary ounce cell OZD  optic zone diameter OVX  ovariectomized oz t, oz tr  troy ounce  319 periarteritis; peridural artery; periodic acid; P periodontal abscess; pernicious anemia; perpetual asymmetry; phakic-aphakic; phe- nylalanine; phenylalkylamine; phospha- tidic acid; phosphoarginine; photoallergy; phthalic anhydride; physical abuse; physical P  an electrocardiographic wave correspond- activity; physician advisor; physician assis- ing to a wave of depolarization crossing the tant; pituitary-adrenal; plasma adsorption; atria; by weight [Lat. pondere]; father [Lat. plasma aldosterone; plasminogen activator; pater]; near [Lat. proximum]; near point [Lat. platelet adhesiveness; platelet aggregation; punctum proximum]; pain; parietal electrode platelet associated; plicatic acid; polyamine; placement [EEG]; parity; part; partial pres- polyarteritis; polyarthritis; post-aural; pos- sure; Pasteurella; paternal; patient; penicil- teroanterior; preadipocyte; prealbumin; pre- lin; penta- [1015]; percent; percussion; amplifier; predictive accuracy; pregnancy perforation; permeability; peta-; pharmaco- associated; presents again; pressure augmen- peia; phenophthalein; phenylalanine; phos- tation [respiration]; primary aldosteronism; phate group; phosphorus; physiology; pig; primary amenorrhea; primary anemia; prior pint; placebo; plan; plasma; Plasmodium; to admission; proactivator; proanthocyani- Pneumocystis; point; poise; poison, poison- din; procainamide; professional association; ing; polarity; polarization; pole; polymyxin; prolonged action; propionic acid; prostate an- pons; population; porcelain; porcine; porphy- tigen; protective antigen; proteolytic action; rin; position; positive; posterior; postpartum; prothrombin activity; protrusio acetabuli; power; precipitin; precursor; prednisone; pseudoaneurysm; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; premolar; presbyopia; pressure; primary; pri- psychoanalysis; psychogenic aspermia; pul- mipara; probability; product; progesterone; monary arterial [pressure]; pulmonary artery; prolactin; proline; promoter; properdin; pro- pulmonary atresia; pulpoaxial; puromycin pionate; protein; Proteus; proximal; Pseudo- aminonucleoside; pyrrolizidine alkaloid; py- monas; psychiatry; pulmonary; pulse; pupil; ruvic acid; yearly [Lat. per annum] radiant power; significance probability;  P-A  posteroanterior simple programmable [pacemaker]; sound P(A)  probability of event A power; weight [Lat. pondus] P&A  percussion and auscultation φ  uppercase Greek letter phi; magnetic flux; PA  alveolar pressure; atrial pressure; pater- osmotic coefficient nal allele; partial pressure of arterial fluid Π  uppercase Greek letter pi PA3  Atrial Pacing Peri-Ablation for Parox- π  lowercase Greek letter pi; the ratio of cir- ysmal Atrial Fibrillation [trial] cumference to diameter Pa  acellular pertussis [vaccine]; atrial pres- ψ  Greek letter psi; wave function sure; pascal; pathologist, pathology; prealbu- P1  first parental generation; pulmonic first min; protactinium; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; sound pulmonary arterial [pressure] P2  pulmonic second sound pA  picoampere P3  proximal third pa  through the anus [Lat. per anum]; yearly P3  primary prevention project [Lat. per annum] P-50  oxygen half-saturation pressure PAA  partial agonist activity; phenylacetic P90  90th percentile acid; phosphonoacetic acid; physical abilities p  atomic orbital with angular momentum analysis; plasma angiotensinase activity; quantum number 1; freeze preservation; fre- polyacrylamide; polyacrylic acid; polyamino quency of the more common allele of a pair; acid; popliteal artery aneurysm; pyridine ace- momentum; papilla; pathologic; phosphate; tic acid pico-; pint; pond; pressure; probability; pro- PAAI  personal access and alert interface ton; pulse; pupil; short arm of chromosome; pAAM  polyacrylamide sound pressure P(A − a)O2  alveolar-arterial oxygen pres- p-  para sure difference P after [L. post] PAAS  panic and anticipatory anxiety scale p24  HIV antigen PAB  para-aminobenzoate; passenger air p120  phosphoprotein 120 (kDa) bags; performance assessment battery; phar- PA  panic attack; pantothenic acid; paraly- macologic autonomic block; poly(A) binding sis agitans; paranoia; parathion; passive ag- [protein]; premature atrial beat; purple agar gressive; pathology; patient’s advocate; base peak amplitude; performance assessment; Pab  abdominal pressure  320 pAb  polyclonal antibody PACS  picture archiving and communication PABA, pABA  para-aminobenzoic acid system; postoperative atrial fibrillation in PABD  predeposit autologous blood dona- cardiac surgery tion PACS DB  picture archiving and communi- PABN  polyadenylate-binding protein, nu- cation system database clear PACST  Putney Auditory Comprehension PABP  poly-A binding protein; pulmonary Screening Test artery balloon pump PACT  papillary carcinoma of thyroid; PABV  percutaneous aortic balloon valvulo- Philadelphia Association of Clinical Trial- plasty ists; Plasminogen Activator Angioplasty PAC  P1 artificial chromosome; paclitaxel; Compatibility Trial; Plasminogen Activator papular acrodermatitis of childhood; parent- Coronary Angioplasty Trial; precordial ac- adult-child; pericarditis, arthropathy, camp- celeration tracing; Prehospital Application todactyly [syndrome]; phenacetin, aspirin, of Coronary Thrombolysis [study]; prepaid and caffeine; physical activity [scale];  accountable care term; prescription analyses plasma aldosterone concentration; platelet- and cost; Prospective Acute Coronary Syn- associated complement; Policy Advisory drome Trial; Pro-urokinase in Acute Coro- Committee; preadmission certification; pre- nary Thrombosis [study] dictive acquisition cost; premature atrial  PACU  postanesthesia care unit contraction; product of ambulatory care; pul- PACV  Pacui virus monary arterial capacitance; pulmonary ar- PACWP  pulmonary arterial capillary wedge tery catheter, pulmonary artery catheterization pressure pac  pachytene PAD  pain and distress; patient surface axis PACAP  pituitary adenylate cyclase activat- depth; percutaneous abscess drainage; percu- ing polypeptide taneous automated discectomy; peripheral PAC-A-TACH  Pacemaker Atrial Tachycar- artery disease; phenacetin, aspirin, and des- dia [trial] oxyephedrine; photon absorption densitom- PACC  primary ambulatory care center; pro- etry; practitioners accessing data; primary moting aphasics’ communicative compe- affective disorder; psychoaffective disorder; tence public access to defibrillation; pulmonary PACCO  Pulmonary Artery Catheterization artery diastolic; pulsatile assist device; Pulse and Clinical Outcomes [study] Arrhythmia Detection; pulsed amperometric PACCS  Prospective Army Coronary Calci- detection um Study PADI  peptidylarginine deiminase PACE  Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiolo- PAD-I  Public Access Defibrillation I [trial] gy; paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme; PADL  personal activities of daily living Partnership in Active Continuous Education; PADP  pulmonary artery diastolic pressure Patient Care Expert; People with Arthri- PADPRP, pADPRP  polyadenosine diphos- tis Can Exercise [program]; personalized phate–ribose polymerase aerobics for cardiovascular enhancement; PADS  patient archiving and documentation population-adjusted clinical epidemiology; system Prevention with Low-Dose Aspirin of Car- PADSS  Postanesthesia Discharge Scoring diovascular Diseases in the Elderly [study]; System primary ambulatory care and education; Pro- PADUA  progressive augmentation by dilat- gram of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly; ing the urethra anterior pulmonary angiotensin I converting enzyme PAdV 1 to 5  porcine adenoviruses 1 to 5 PACI  Partnership for Advanced Computa- PAdV-A, -B, -C  porcine adenoviruses A, B, C tional Infrastructure PADyC  passive arm with dynamic con- PACIFIC  potential angina class improve- straints ment from intramyocardial channels PAE  paradoxic air embolism; parsimony PACK  Prevention of Atherosclerotic Com- analysis of endemicity; postanoxic encepha- plications with Ketanserin [study] lopathy; postantibiotic effect; progressive PACNS  primary angiitis of the central ner- assistive exercise vous system PAEC  porcine aortic endothelial cell PACO  mean alveolar gas volume PAED  pediatric anesthesia emergence de- PaCO2  partial pressure of carbon dioxide in lirium arterial blood paed  pediatrics PACP  pulmonary alveolar-capillary perme- PAEDP  pulmonary artery end-diastolic ability; pulmonary artery counterpulsation pressure  321 PAEP  progestagen-associated endometrial PAHCOM  Professional Association of protein Health Care Office Management PAES  popliteal artery entrapment syn-drome PAHO  Pan-American Health Organization PAF  paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; peroxi- PAHP  p-aminoheptanoylphenone somal assembly factor; phosphodiesterase- PAHV  Pahayokee virus activating factor; plain abdominal film; PAHVC  pulmonary alveolar hypoxic vaso- platelet-activating factor; platelet-aggregat- constrictor ing factor; pollen adherence factor; PAI  pain assessment inventory; partial an- population-attributable fractions; premen- drogen insensitivity; pathogenicity island; strual assessment form; progressive auto- patient assessment instrument; perforating nomic failure; pulmonary arteriovenous arterial infarction; plasminogen activator in- fistula; pure autonomic failure hibitor; platelet accumulation index; preg- PA&F  percussion, auscultation, and fremi- nancy after infertility tus PAI-1  plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 PAFA  priority-based assessment of foot ad- PAI-2  plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 ditives PAIC  procedures, alternatives, indications, PAF-A  platelet-activating factor of anaphy- and complications laxis PAICS  phosphoribosylaminoimidazole car- PAFAC  Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation boxylase After Cardioversion [study] PAID  problem areas in diabetes PAFAH  platelet-activating factor acetylhy- PAIDS  paralyzed academic investigator’s drolase disease syndrome; pediatric acquired immu- PAFAMS  Pan-American Federation of As- nodeficiency syndrome sociations of Medical Schools PAIg  platelet-associated immunoglobulin PAFD  percutaneous abscess and fluid drain- PAIgG  platelet-associated immunoglobulin G age; pulmonary artery filling defect PAIMS  Plasminogen Activator Italian Mul- PAFI  platelet-aggregation factor inhibitor ticenter Study PAFIB  paroxysmal atrial fibrillation PAIN  pyoderma gangrenosum, aphthous PAFIT  Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Italian stomatitis, inflammatory eye disease, ery- Trial thema nodosum PAFP  pre-Achilles fat pad PAIRS  Pain and Impairment Relationship PAFra  platelet-activating factor receptor Scale antagonist Pairway  airway pressure PAFT  Propafenone Atrial Fibrillation Trial PAIS  partial androgen insensitivity syn- PAG  periaqueductal gray [matter]; poly- drome; phosphoribosylaminoimidazole syn- acrylamide gel; pregnancy-associated globu- thetase; Pravastatin in Acute Ischemic lin; proliferation-associated gene; proximal Syndromes [study]; psychosocial adjustment anastomosis graft; pulmonary arteriography to illness scale pAg  protein A–gold [technique] PAIS-SR  psychosocial adjustment to illness PAGA  proliferation-associated gene A scale, self-reported PAGE  perfluorocarbon-associated gas ex- PAIVS  Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ven- change; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis tricular Septum [study] PAGE-IEF  polyacrylamine gel electropho- PAJ  paralysis agitans juvenilis resis isoelectric focusing PAK  p21-activated kinase; pancreas after PAGIF  polyacrylamide gel isoelectric fo- kidney [transplantation] cusing PAKY  percutaneous access to kidney PAGMK  primary African green monkey PAKY-RCM  percutaneous access to kidney– kidney remote center of motion PAGOD  pulmonary hypoplasia, hypoplasia PAL  pathology laboratory; peptidyl-alpha- of pulmonary artery, agonadism, omphalo- hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lysine cele/diaphragmatic defect, dextrocardia [syn- phase alteration plane; physical activity drome] level; pointer to text application language; PAH  para-aminohippurate; phenylalanine hy- posterior assisted levitation; posterior axil- droxylase; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; lary line; power-assisted lipoplasty; product predicted adult height; pulmonary alveolar hy- of activated lymphocytes; pyogenic abscess poventilation; pulmonary artery hypertension; of the liver pulmonary artery hypotension pal  palate PAHA  para-aminohippuric acid; procain- PALA  N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate amide-hydroxylamine PALF  pediatric acute liver failure  322 PALP  placental alkaline phosphatase PANE  pediatric ambulance needs evalua- palp  palpable; palpate, palpation tion palpi  palpitation PANI  polyanilide PALS  parietolateral lymphocyte sheath; Pa- PANS  puromycin aminonucleoside tient Advocacy and Liaison Service; pediat- PANSS  Positive and Negative Syndrome ric advanced life support; prison-acquired Scale lymphoproliferative syndrome PAO  peak acid output; periacetabular oste- PALV  Palyam virus otomy; peripheral airway obstruction; plas- PAM  pancreatic acinar mass; penicillin ma amine oxidase; polyamine oxidase; aluminum monostearate; peptidylglycine pulmonary artery occlusion; pustulotic ar- alpha-amidating monooxygenase; phenyla­ throosteitis laline mustard; physical agent modality; PAO2  alveolar oxygen partial pressure p-methoxyamphetamine; postauricular myo- PAo  airway opening pressure; ascending genic; potassium-aggravated myotonia;  aortic pressure; pulmonary artery occlusion pralidoxime; prearrest morbidity; pregnancy- pressure associated alpha-macroglobulin; primary PaO2  partial arterial oxygen tension amebic meningoencephalitis; principles of PAO2/FIO2, PaO2/FiO2  ratio of alveolar ambulatory medicine; professions allied to partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of in- medicine; pulmonary alveolar macrophage; spired air pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis; pulse am- PAOD  peripheral arterial occlusive disease; plitude modulation; pyridine aldoxime peripheral arteriosclerotic occlusive disease methiodide Pao max  peak airway pressure PAMC  pterygoarthromyodysplasia congenita PAOP  p-aminooctanoylphenone; pulmo- 2-PAM Cl  2-pralidoxime chloride nary artery occlusion pressure PAMD  primary adrenocortical micronodu- PaOP  pulmonary artery occlusion pressure lar dysplasia PAP  pancreatitis-associated protein; Papani- PAME  preanesthesia medical examination; colaou [test]; papaverine; passive-aggressive primary amebic meningoencephalitis personality; password authentication proto- PAMED  Pennsylvania Medical Society col; patient assessment program; peak airway PAMI  Primary Angioplasty in Myocardial pressure; peroxidase antibody to peroxidase; Infarction [trial] peroxidase-antiperoxidase [method]; phos- PAMIE  physical and mental impairment of phoadenosine phosphate; placental acid/ function evaluation alkaline phosphatase; poly-A polymerase; PAMI-No SOS  Primary Angioplasty in Myo- positive airway pressure; primary atypi- cardial Infarction with No Surgery on Site cal pneumonia; prostatic acid phosphatase; PAMP  pathogen-associated molecular pat- pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; pulmonary tern; pulmonary artery mean pressure artery pressure; purified alternate pathway PAMR  progressively automated medical re- Pap  Papanicolaou [test] cord pap  papilla PAMV  Pampa virus PAPC  paraxial protocadherin PAN  periarteritis nodosa; periodic alternat- PAPF  platelet adhesiveness plasma factor ing nystagmus; peroxyacylnitrate; personal papova  papilloma polyoma vacuolating area network; polyacrylonitril; polyarteritis agent [virus] nodosa; positional alcohol nystagmus; puro- PAPP  para-aminopropiophenone; pregnan- mycin aminonucleoside cy-associated plasma protein pan  pancreas, pancreatic, pancreatectomy PAPPA  pregnancy-associated plasma pro- PanIN  pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia tein A Panc  pancreas or pancreatic PAPPC  pregnancy-associated plasma pro- pANCA  perinuclear antineutrophil anti­ tein C bodies PAPR  powered air-purifying respirator P-ANCA  perinuclear antineutrophilic cyto- PAPS  3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosul­ plasmic antibody fate; primary antiphospholipid antibody syn- PAND  primary adrenocortical nodular dys- drome plasia Paps  papillomas PANDA  Paediatric Asthma Education of a Pap sm  Papanicolaou smear New Multidose Dry Powder Inhaler [study] PAPUFA  physiologically active polyunsat- PANDAS  pediatric autoimmune neuropsy- urated fatty acid chiatric disorders associated with streptococ- pa-pv  pulmonary arterial pressure–pulmo- cal infection nary venous pressure  323 PAPVC  partial anomalous pulmonary ve- PARIS  Peripheral Artery Radiation Investi- nous connection gational Study; Persantine Aspirin Reinfarc- PAPVD  partial anomalous pulmonary ve- tion Study nous drainage PARK  Postangioplasty Restenosis Ketanse- PAPVR  partial anomalous pulmonary ve- rin [study]; Prevention of Angioplasty Reoc- nous return clusion with Ketanserin PAQ  patient asked questions; Personal At- parox  paroxysm, paroxysmal titudes Questionnaire PARP  poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) PAQLQ  Pediatric Asthma Quality-of-Life polymerase Questionnaire PARR  plasma aldosterone/renin activity PAR  parent in semantic hierarchy; par- ratio; postanesthesia recovery room ticipating provider; passive avoidance reac- PARS  Personal Adjustment and Role Skills tion; percentage abnormal results; perennial  Scale allergic rhinitis; photosynthetically active PART  Prevention of Atherosclerosis with radiation; Physical Activity Recall [ques- Ramipril Therapy [trial]; Probucol Angio- tionnaire]; physiologic aging rate; plain ab- plasty Restenosis Trial dominal radiograph; platelet aggregation PART-1  Predictors of Atherosclerosis Risk receptor; platelet/aggregate ratio; Policy, and Thrombosis [trial] Action, and Rational Drug Use; population- PART-2  Predictors of Atherosclerosis Risk attributable risk; population-attribute risk and Thrombosis [trial] [calculation]; postanesthesia recovery; post- PARTNER  Peripheral Arterial Disease Re- anesthesia room; posterior wall or aortic root; sponse to Taprostene with New Established primary angioplasty research; Program for Response Criteria [trial] Alcohol Recovery; proximal alveolar region; PARTNERS  Primary Care Access to Re- pseudoautosomal region; pulmonary arteriolar sources, Training, Networks, Education, and resistance Research Services PAR%  population-attributable risk percent PARTY  prevent alcohol and risk-related par  paraffin; paralysis trauma in youth PAR-2  proteinase-activated receptor inhibi- PARU  postanesthesia recovery unit tor 2 PARV  Parana virus PARA, Para, para  number of pregnan- ParVox  Parallel Volume Rendering Sys- cies producing viable offspring tem for Scientific Visualization [trial] para  paraplegic; parathyroid; parathyroid- PAS  para-aminosalicylate; Paragon Elec- ectomy tive or Acute Stent [trial]; Parent Attitude para 0  nullipara Scale; patient administration system; pa- para 1, para I  primipara tient appointments and scheduling; periodic para 2, para II  secundipara acid–Schiff; peripheral anterior synechia; para 3, para III  tripara persistent atrial standstill; Personality As- para 4, para IV  quadripara sessment Scale; photoacoustic spectroscopy; PARADIGM  Platelet Aggregation Receptor phosphatase acid serum; physician-assisted Antagonist Dose Investigation for Perfusion suicide; Polish Amiodarone Study; poste- Gain in Myocardial Infarction [study] rior airway space; preadmission screening; PARADISE  Platelet IIb/IIIa Antagonism for predictive accuracy on survival; pregnancy the Reduction of Acute Coronary Events advisory service; premature atrial stimulus; Dose Investigation and Safety Evaluation professional activity study; progressive accu- [study] mulated stress; pulmonary arterial stenosis; PARAGON  Platelet IIb/IIIa Antagonist for pulmonary artery systolic the Reduction of Acute Coronary Syndrome Pas, Pa·s, Pa × s  pascal-second Events in a Global Organization Network PASA  para-aminosalicylic acid; polymerase [study] chain reaction amplification of specific al- parasit  parasitology; parasite, parasitic leles; primary acquired sideroblastic anemia; parasym  parasympathetic proximal articular set angle PARAT  Prevention of Arterial Restenosis PASAR  programmable automatic scanning Angiographic Trial arrhythmia reversion [algorithm] PARC  Palo Alto Research Center; Pan- PASAR-O  orthorhythmic programmable African Rinderpest Campaign automatic scanning arrhythmia reversion [al- PARCO  parallel computing gorithm] parent  parenteral PASARR  preadmission screening and resi- pArg  poly-L-arginine dent review  324 PASAT  Paced Auditory Serial Addition PatDp  paternal duplication Task PATE  Pravastatin Anti-Atherosclerosis Trial PASB  protein-associated strand breaks in the Elderly; psychodynamic and therapeu- PAS-C  para-aminosalicylic acid crystallized tic education; pulmonary artery thromboem- with ascorbic acid bolism PASD  after diastase digestion PATENT  Pro-Urokinase and Tissue Plas- PASE  Pacemaker Selection in the Elderly minogen Activator Enhancement of Throm- [trial]; physical activity scale for the elderly bolysis [trial] [evaluation] PATG  patient group PASG  pneumatic antishock garment PATH  pathologic function; pathologic, pa- PASH  periodic acid–Schiff hematoxylin; thology; pituitary adrenotropic hormone; pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia physicians at teaching hospitals PASI  psoriasis area severity index path  pathogenesis, pathogenic; pathologic, PASM  periodic acid–silver methenamine pathology PASP  pancreas-specific protein; polymer- PATHS  Prevention and Treatment of Hyper- assisted solution phase; pulmonary artery tension Study systolic pressure Patm  atmospheric pressure PASS  personal alerting safety system; Pi- PATMAN  Patient Workflow Management racetam in Acute Stroke Study; Postarthro- [system] plasty Screening Study [for deep venous PAtr  pulmonary atresia thrombosis]; Practical Applicability of Saru- PATRIC  position and time–resolved ion plase Study; Prehospital Applicability of Sa- counting ruplase Study PATS  Poststroke Antihypertensive Treat- pass  passive ment Study; Prehospital Administration of PASSOR  Physiatric Association of Spine, Tissue Plasminogen Activator Study; Protec- Sports, and Occupational Rehabilitation tion Assessment Test System pass ROM  passive range of motion PAT-SED  pseudoachondroplastic dysplasia PAST  periodic acid–Schiff technique PA-T-SP  periodic acid–thiocarbo-hydra- Past  Pasteurella zide–silver proteinate PASTA  Percutaneous Ambulatory Stent PATV  Patois virus Trial; polarity-altered spectral-selective ac- PAU  penetrating aortic ulcer; phenol–acetic quisition; Primary Angioplasty vs Stent Im- acid–urea plantation in Acute Myocardial Infarction PAUP  phylogenic analysis using parsimony [trial] PAUSE  Popliteal Artery Ultrasound Exami- PAstV  porcine astrovirus nation [study] PASVR  pulmonary anomalous superior ve- PAV  percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty; poi- nous return kiloderma atrophicans vasculare; posterior PASW  personal assistance service worker arch vein; proportional assist ventilation PAT  Pain Apperception Test; paroxysmal PaV  Pariacoto virus atrial tachycardia; patient; patient domain; Pav  airway pressure penetrating abdominal trauma; peripheral  Pave  mean average pressure during inspira- arterial tonometry; phenylaminotetrazole; tion physical abilities test; picric acid turbidity; PAVEC  porcine aortic valve endothelial cell platelet aggregation test; Polish Amiodarone pavex  passive vascular exercise Trial; polyamine acetyltransferase; postop- PAVF  pulmonary arteriovenous fistula erative atrial tachycardia; preadmission as- PAVM  pulmonary arteriovenous malforma- sessment team; preadmission assessment test; tion preadmission testing; predictive ability test; PAVNRT  paroxysmal atrioventricular nodal pregnancy at term; psychoacoustic test reciprocal tachycardia pat  patella; patent; paternal origin; patient pAVP  plasma arginine vasopressin PATAF  Prevention of Arterial Thromboem- PA-VSD  pulmonary atresia with ventricular bolism in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation septal defect [study]; Primary Prevention of Arterial PAW  peripheral airways; pulmonary artery Thromboembolic Processes in Atrial Fibril- wedge lation [trial] PAW, Paw  airway pressure PATAV  Pata virus PAWP  pulmonary arterial wedge pressure PATCH  planned approach to community PAWS  primary withdrawal syndrome health PAX  paired box homeotic [family] Pat-CIS  patient clinical information system PAZ  prednisone/azathioprine  325 PB  British Pharmacopeia [Pharmacopoeia PBLC  peripheral blood lymphocyte count; Britannica]; paraffin bath; paraffin block; premature birth living child; problem-based paucibacillary; Paul-Bunnell [antibody]; pe- learning curriculum riodic breathing; peripheral blood; peroneus PBLM  problem-based learning module brevis; phenobarbital; phenoxybenzamine; PBLT  peripheral blood lymphocyte transfor- phonetically balanced; pinealoblastoma; mation Polybrene; polymyxin B; premature beat; PBM  pancreatobiliary maljunction; peak pressure breathing; protein binding; punch bone mass; peripheral basement membrane; biopsy; pyridostigmine bromide peripheral blood mononuclear [cell]; phar- PB  barometric pressure macy benefit manager; placental basement P&B  pain and burning; phenobarbital and membrane; prescription benefit manager belladonna PBMC  percutaneous balloon mitral com- Pb  body [surface] pressure; lead [Lat. plum- missurotomy; peripheral blood mononuclear bum]; phenobarbital; presbyopia cell; pharmaceutical benefit management PBA  polyclonal B-cell activity; pressure company breathing assist; prolactin-binding assay; PBMNC  peripheral blood mononuclear cell prune belly anomaly; pulpobuccoaxial PBMV  percutaneous balloon mitral valvulo- PBAC  Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory plasty; pulmonary blood mixing volume Committee PBN  α-phenyl-n-tert-butylnitrone; paralyt- PBAL  protected bronchoalveolar lavage ic brachial neuritis; peripheral benign neo- PBB  polybrominated biphenyl plasm; polymyxin B sulfate, bacitracin, and Pb-B  lead in blood neomycin PBC  perfusion balloon catheter; peripheral PBNA  partial body neutron activation blood cell; phosphocreatine; point of basal PBO  penicillin in beeswax and oil; placebo convergence; prebed care; primary biliary PBP  penicillin-binding protein; platelet cirrhosis; progestin-binding complement basic protein; porphyrin biosynthesis path- PBCC  point biserial correlation coefficient way; prostate-binding protein; pseudobulbar PBCH  polymorphic B-cell hyperplasia palsy; pulsatile bypass pump PBCL  polymorphic B-cell lymphoma PBPC  peripheral blood progenitor cell; pro- PBCRA  progressive bifocal chorioretinal gressive bulbar palsy of childhood atrophy PBPI  penile-brachial pulse index PBCV  Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus PBPK  physiologically based pharmacoki- PBD  postburn day netic [model] PBDE  polybrominated diphenyl ether PBPND  progressive bulbar palsy with neu- PBE  tuberculin from Mycobacterium tuber- ral deafness culosis bovis [Ger. Perlsucht Bacillen- PBPV  percutaneous balloon pulmonary val- emulsion] vuloplasty PBF  pencil beam function [radiotherapy]; PBRN  practice-based research network peripheral blood flow; placental blood flow; PBS  perfusion-pressure breakthrough syn- predominant breast feeding; pulmonary drome; phenobarbital sodium; phosphate- blood flow buffered saline; planar bone scan; primer PBFE  peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme binding site; protected brush specimen;  PBFe  protein-bound iron prune belly syndrome; pulmonary branch PBG  porphobilinogen stenosis PBGD  porphobilinogen deaminase PBSA  phosphate buffered saline [solution] PBGS, PBG-S  porphobilinogen synthase PBSC  peripheral blood stem cell PBH  profiling by hybridization; pulling- PBSCT  peripheral blood stem cell transplan- boat hands; pyrenabutyric acid hydrazide tation PBHB  poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate PBSP  prognostically bad signs during preg- PBI  parental bonding instrument; penile nancy pressure/brachial pressure index; protein- PBT  Paul-Bunnell test; persistent, bioaccu- bound iodine mulative, and toxic; phenacetin breath test; PbI  lead intoxication piebald trait; profile-based therapy; pulmo- PBIgG  platelet surface-bound immunoglob- nary barotrauma ulin G PBT4  protein-bound thyroxine PBK  phosphorylase B kinase PBV  predicted blood volume; pulmonary PBL  peripheral blood leukocyte; periph- blood volume eral blood lymphocyte; problem-based learn- PBW  posterior bite wing; present breast ing width  326 PBX  private branch exchange components analysis; procainamide; proco- PBZ  personal breathing zone; phenylbuta- agulant activity; program component area; zone; phenoxybenzamine; pyribenzamine prostatic carcinoma; protected catheter as- PC  avoirdupois weight [Lat. pondus civile]; pirate; protective concentration level; pyr- pacinian corpuscle; packed cells; paper chro- rolidine carboxylic acid matography; paracortex; paramyotonia con- PcA  prostatic adenocarcinoma genita; parent cell; particulate component; PCAD  Patent Citation Analysis Database; partition coefficient; patch clamp; penicillin; progression of coronary artery disease penile carcinoma; pentose cycle; peritoneal pCAF  phasic carotid activation function cell; personal care; personal computer; phar- PCAPS  Primary Care Act Pilot Sites macology; phase contrast; pheochromocy- PCASSO  Patient-Centered Access to Se- toma; phosphate cycle; phosphatidylcholine; cure System Online phosphorylcholine; photoconduction; phy- PCAST  President’s Committee of Advisors sicians’ corporation; pill counter; piriform on Science and Technology; President’s cortex; placebo controlled; plasma con- Council of Advisors on Science and Technol- centration; plasma cortisol; plasmacytoma; ogy plasmin complex; plastocyanin; platelet PCASYS  pattern-level classification auto- concentrate; platelet count; pneumotaxic mation system center; polycarbonate; polycentric; polypo- PCAT  phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol acyl- sis coli; poor condition; poor coordination; transferase; primary care assessment tool portacaval; portal cirrhosis; postcoital; pos- PCAV  Pacora virus terior cervical; posterior chamber; posterior PCB  paracervical block; polychlorinated bi- commissure; posterior cortex; potential com- phenyl; portacaval bypass; postcoital bleed- plications; preconditioned, preconditioning; ing; printed circuit board; procarbazine precordial; prenatal care; present complaint; PcB  near point of convergence to the inter- primary closure; principal component; print- central base line [Lat. punctum convergens ed circuit; procollagen; productive cough; basalis] professional corporation; prohormone con- PC-BMP  phosphorylcholine-binding my- vertase; prophlogistic corticoid; prostacyclin; eloma protein prostatic carcinoma; protective cover; pro- PCC  Pasteur Culture Collection; patient- tein C; protein convertase; proximal colon; centered care; percutaneous cecostomy;  pseudocyst; pubococcygeus; pulmonary cap- peripheral cholangiocarcinoma; pheochro- illary; pulmonary circulation; pulmonary mocytoma; phosphate carrier compound; compliance; pulmonic closure; Purkinje cell; plasma catecholamine concentration; plati- pyloric canal; pyruvate carboxylase num-containing compound; pneumatosis PC1  first principal component cystoides coli; Poison Control Center; pre- Pc  critical pressure coronary care; premature chromosome  pc  parsec; percent; picocurie condensation; primary care center/clinic; pri- p.c.  after meals [Lat. post cibum] mary care continuum; primary care curricu- p/c  presenting complaint lum; prospective case control; protein C PCA  pancreatic carcinoma; para-chloram- cofactor phetamine; parietal cell antibody; passive PCc  periscopic concave cutaneous anaphylaxis; patient care aide; pcc  premature chromosome condensation patient care assistant; patient care audit; PCCA  polychlorocycloalkane patient-controlled analgesia; penicillamine; PCCC  pediatric critical care center perchloric acid; percutaneous carotid angi- PCCF  protein C cofactor ography; percutaneous coronary angioplasty; PC CLIN-SIM  personal computer clinical personal care assistant; personal computer simulation advisory; phenylcarboxylic acid; Physicians PCCM  pediatric critical care medicine; pri- Corporation of America; plasma catechol- mary care case management; primary care amine; plate count agar; polyclonal antibody; case manager porcine coronary artery; porous coated ana- PCCN  Progressive Care Certified Nurse tomic [prosthesis]; portacaval anastomosis; PCCTEA  patient-controlled continuous tho- postconceptional age; postcoronary arrest; racic epidural analgesia posterior cerebral artery; posterior com- PCCU  post-coronary care unit municating aneurysm; posterior commu- PCD pacer-cardioverter-defibrillator; pap- nicating artery; posterior cricoarytenoid; illary collecting duct; paraneoplastic precoronary care area; prehospital cardiac ar- cerebellar degeneration; paroxysmal cere- rest; President’s Council on Aging; principal bral dysrhythmia; percutaneous catheter  327 drainage; pervasive developmental disor- PCK  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; der; phosphate-citrate-dextrose; plasma cell polycystic kidney dyscrasia; polycystic disease; posterior PCKD  polycystic kidney disease corneal deposits; postmortem cesarean PCL  pacing cycle length; packaging cell delivery; premature centromere division; line; persistent corpus luteum; plasma cell primary ciliary dyskinesia; programmable leukemia; posterior chamber lens; posterior cardioverter-defibrillator; programmed cell cruciate ligament; primary care loan; proxi- death; prolonged contractile duration; pterin- mal collateral ligament; pubococcygeal line 4a-carbinolamine dehydratase; pulmonary PCLI  plasma cell labeling index clearance delay PCM  palliative care management; paracoc- PCDC  plasma clot diffusion chamber cidioidomycosis; patient care management; PCDD  Patient Clinical Data Directory; poly- patient care manager; phase contrast micros- chlorinated dibenzodioxin copy; primary cutaneous melanoma; process PCDF  polychorinated dibenzofuran control monitor; protein-calorie malnutrition; PCDS  Patient Care Data Set protein carboxymethylase PCE  patient care encounter; perchloroethy- PCMB  parachloromercuribenzoate lene; physical capacity evaluation; polychro- PCMC  protein-coated microcrystal matic erythrocyte; pseudocholinesterase PCMO  Principal Clinical Medical Officer PCEA  patient-controlled epidural anesthesia PCMR  Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry pCEA  polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen PC-MRA  phase-contrast magnetic reso- PCES  patient care evaluation study nance angiography PCF  peripheral circulatory failure; pharyn- PCMS  patient care management system goconjunctival fever; platelet complement PCMs  patient care management categories fixation; posterior cranial fossa; potential PCMT  pacemaker circus movement tachy- coding fragment cardia; protein carboxyl-methyltransferase pcf  pounds per cubic feet PCMX  parachlorometoxylenol PCFIA  particle concentration of fluores- PCN  parent-child nursing; penicillin; preg­ cence immunoassay nenolone-16α-carbonitrile; primary care net- PCFT  platelet complement fixation test work; primary care nursing PCG  pancreato-cholangiography; paracervi- PCNA  proliferating cell nuclear antigen cal ganglion; phonocardiogram, phonocardi- PCNB  pentachloronitrobenzene ography; pneumocardiogram; postcentral PCNL  percutaneous nephrostolithotomy gyrus; preconditioned conjugate gradient; PCNS  Pediatric Clinical Nurse Specialist preventive care group; primate chorionic go- PCNV  postchemotherapy nausea and vom- nadotropin; pubococcygeus iting; Provisional Committee on Nomencla- PCH  paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria; pa- ture of Viruses tient care hours; polycyclic hydrocarbon PCO  parametric clinical observation; pa- PCHE  pseudocholinesterase tient complains of; polycystic ovary; poster­ PCHI  Partners Community Health Care In- ior capsular opacification; predicted cardiac corporated output P2C2 HIV  Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardio- PCO  partial pressure of carbon monoxide vascular Complications of Human Immuno- PCO2, pCO2  partial pressure of carbon di- deficiency Virus Infection [study]; Pediatric oxide Pulmonary and Cardiac Complications of PCOC  Primary Care Organization Consor- Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection [study] tium PCI  patient classification index; percutane- PCOD  polycystic ovarian disease ous coronary intervention; pneumatosis  PCOM  phase-contrast optical method; pos- cystoides intestinales; prophylactic cranial terior communicating [artery] irradiation; protein C inhibitor; prothrombin PCON  Primary Care Organization Network consumption index PCOS  polycystic ovary syndrome P/CI  physical and chemical indicators PCOV  porcine type C oncovirus pCi  picocurie PCP  parachlorophenate; patient care plan; PCIC  Poison Control Information Center pentachlorophenol; 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl) pCi/L  picocuries per liter piperidine; peripheral coronary pressure; per- PC-IRV  pressure-controlled inverted ratio sistent cough and phlegm; phencyclidine ventilation palmitate; Pneumocystis carinii pneumo- PCIS  Patient-Care Information System; nia; postoperative constrictive pericarditis;  point-of-care information system; postcardi- primary care physician; primary care pro- ac injury syndrome vider; prochlorperazine; procollagen peptide;  328 prolylcarboxypeptidase; pulmonary capillary PCSM  percutaneous stone manipulation pressure; pulse cytophotometry PCSS  Perth Community Stroke Study PCPA  para-chlorophenylalanine; Pest Con- PCSW  personal care service worker trol Practices Act PCT  peripheral carcinoid tumor; phase- PCPB  procarboxypeptide B contrast tomography; plasma clotting time; PCPL  pulmonary capillary protein leakage plasmacrit test; plasmacytoma; polychlori- pcpn  precipitation nated triphenyl; porphyria cutanea tarda; por- PCPP   poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phos­ tacaval transposition; positron computed phazene] tomography; postcoital test; primary care PC-PTSD  Primary Care Posttraumatic team; procalcitonin; progesterone challenge Stress Disorder [screening tool] test; prothrombin consumption time; proxi- PCPV  pseudocowpox virus mal convoluted tubule PCQ  polychloroquaterphenyl pCT  porcine calcitonin PCR  patient contact record; perinatal clinical pct  percent record; phosphocreatinine; photoconvulsive PCTI  penetrating cardiac trauma index response; plasma clearance rate; polymerase PCU  pain control unit; palliative care unit; chain reaction; postcompression remodeling; patient care unit; primary care unit; progres- prehospital care report; principal component sive care unit; pulmonary care unit regression; protein catabolism rate PCV  packed cell volume; pneumococ- PCr  phosphocreatine cal conjugate vaccine; polycythemia vera; PCr  plasma creatinine porcine circovirus; postcapillary venule; pcr  protein catabolic rate pressure-control ventilation PCRA  percutaneous coronary rotational PCV7  7-valent pneumococcal conjugate atherectomy vaccine; heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine PCR-DS  polymerase chain reaction–direct PCV13  13-valent pneumococcal conjugate sequencing vaccine PCR-ELISA  polymerase chain reaction PCVC  percutaneous central venous catheter enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay PCV-M  polycythemia vera with myeloid PCR-ISH  polymerase chain reaction in situ metaplasia hybridization PCW  pericanalicular web; personal care PCR-MASA  polymerase chain reaction worker; primary capillary wedge; pulmonary mutant allele–specific amplification capillary wedge; purified cell walls PCR-RFLP  polymerase chain reaction PCWP  pulmonary capillary wedge pressure restriction fragment-length polymorphism PCx  patient’s cardex; periscopic convex PCR-RH  polymerase chain reaction reverse PCZ  procarbazine; prochlorperazine hybridization PD  Doctor of Pharmacy; Dublin Pharmaco- PCRS  partner counseling and referral ser- poeia; interpupillary distance; Paget disease; vice pancreas divisum; pancreatic duct; panic PCR/SSCP  polymerase chain reaction disorder; papilla diameter; paralyzing dose; single-stranded conformation polymorphism Parkinson disease; parkinsonian dementia; PCRV  Parry Creek virus; polycythemia paroxysmal discharge; pars distalis; patent rubra vera ductus; patient-day; pediatric, pediatrics; PCS  palliative care service; patient care percentage difference; percutaneous discec- system; patient classification system; tomy; percutaneous drain; peritoneal dialy- patient-controlled sedation; patterns of care sis; personal database; personality disorder; study; peak change in signal; pelvic conges- pharmacodynamics; phenyldichloroarsine; tion syndrome; pharmacogenic confusional phosphate dehydrogenase; phosphate dex- syndrome; portacaval shunt; post cardiac trose; photodiode; photosensitivity dermati- surgery; postcardiotomy syndrome; postcho- tis; Pick disease; plasma defect; pneumatic lecystectomy syndrome; postconcussion syn- dilation; polymeric diet; poorly differentiat- drome; postnatal corticosteroids; premature ed; postdischarge; posterior descending; pos- centromere separation; Prevention of Coro- terior division; postnasal drainage; postural nary Atherosclerosis Study; primary cancer drainage; potential difference; pregnanediol; site; prolonged crush syndrome; proportional present disease; pressor dose; prism diopter; counter spectrometry; proximal coronary problem drinker; program director; pro- sinus; pseudotumor cerebri syndrome gression of disease; progressive disease;  pcs  preconscious proliferative disease; protein degradation; PCS/ADS  patient care system/application protein diet; proton density; psychotic depres- development system sion; pulmonary disease; pulpodistal; pulse  329 duplicator; pulse duration; pulsed diastolic; effluent; phosphodiesterase; physician data pulsed Doppler; pupil diameter; pupil­lary entry; progressive dialysis encephalopathy; distance; pyloric dilator; pyrimidine dimer pulsed Doppler echocardiography P/D  proximal to distal PdE  pediatric endocrinology 2-PD  two-point discrimination PDEA  phosphodiesterase Pd  palladium; pediatrics PDEAEM  poly(diethylaminoethyl methac- Pd  diastolic pressure rylate) PDA  patent ductus arteriosus; patient dis- PDEB  phosphodiesterase beta tress alarm; poorly differentiated adenocarci- PDEC  pancreatic ductal epithelial cell noma; portable decontamination apparatus; PD-ECGF  platelet-derived endothelial cell posterior descending artery; pulmonary dis- growth factor ease anemia PDEG  phosphodiesterase gamma PdA  pediatric allergy PDF  parameterized diastolic filling; Par­ PDAB  para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde kinson’s Disease Foundation; peritoneal di- PD-AB-SAAP  pulsed diastolic autologous alysis fluid; Portable Document Format; blood selective aortic arch perfusion probability density function; pyruvate dehy- PDAP  Palmer drug abuse program drogenase PD/AR  photosensitivity dermatitis and ac- pdf  probability density function tinic reticuloid syndrome PDG  parkinsonism-dementia complex of PDAY  pathologic determinants of athero- Guam; Pharmacopoeial Discussion Group; sclerosis in youth phosphogluconate dehydrogenase PDAY/RFEHA  Pathobiological Determi- PDGA  pteroyldiglutamic acid nants of Atherosclerosis in Youth/Risk Fac- PDGF  platelet-derived growth factor tors in Early Human Atherogenesis [study] PDGF-A  platelet-derived growth factor A PDB  Paget disease of bone; paradichloro- PDGF-B  platelet-derived growth factor B benzene; patient’s database; phosphorus- PDGFR  platelet-derived growth factor re- dissolving bacteria; preventive dental ceptor behavior; Protein Data Bank PDGFRB  platelet-derived growth factor re- PDBu  phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate ceptor beta PDC  parkinsonism-dementia complex; pa- PDGS  partial form of DiGeorge syndrome tient data card; pediatric cardiology;  PD-GXT  postdischarge graded exercise test penta-decylcatechol; phosducin; physical de- PDH  past dental history; phosphate dehy- pendence capacity; plasma dioxin concentra- drogenase; position of the dynamometer  tion; preliminary diagnostic clinic; private handle [test]; progressive disseminated histo- diagnostic clinic plasmosis; pyruvate dehydrogenase PdC  pediatric cardiology PDHA  pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha PDCA  plan, do, check, act PDHa  pyruvate dehydrogenase in active PDCD  primary degenerative cerebral dis- form ease PDHB  pyruvate dehydrogenase beta PD-CSE  pulsed Doppler cross-sectional PDHC  pyruvate dehydrogenase complex echocardiography PdHO  pediatric hematology-oncology PDD  percentage depth dose; pervasive de- PdHV  perdicid herpesvirus velopmental disorder; platinum diamminedi- PDI  pain disability index; periodontal dis- chloride [cisplatin]; primary degenerative ease index; plan-do integration; portal dose dementia; primary degenerative disorder; image; psychomotor development index pyridoxine-deficient diet Pdi, Pdi  transdiaphragmatic pressure PDDA  poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chlo- PDIE  phosphodiesterase ride); power-driven decontamination appara- Pdimax  maximum transdiaphragmatic pres- tus sure PDDD  primary degenerative/deformative P-diol  pregnanediol disorder PDIS  participatory design of information PD DNA  pyrimidine dimer deoxyribonu- system cleic acid PDK  primary duck kidney PDD-NOS  pervasive developmental disor- PDL  pancreatic duct ligation; periodontal der not otherwise specified ligament; poorly differentiated lymphocyte; PDDP  Poincaré dispersed dot plots population doubling level; progressive dif- PDDR  pseudovitamin D–dependent rickets fuse leukoencephalopathy PDE  paroxysmal dyspnea on exertion; par- pdl  poundal; pudendal tial differential equation; peritoneal dialysis PDLC  poorly differentiated lung cancer  330 PDLD  poorly differentiated lymphocytic PDSG  pigment dispersion syndrome glau- [lymphoma], diffuse coma PDLL  poorly differentiated lymphocytic PDSIP  Physician-Delivered Smoking Inter- lymphoma vention Project PDLN  poorly differentiated lymphocytic PDSRS  Panic Disorder Self-Rating Scale [lymphoma], nodular PDT  percutaneous dilational tracheostomy; PDM  point distribution model photodynamic therapy; population doubling PDMS  pain data management system; time patient data management system; pharmaco- PDTC  pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate kinetic drug monitoring service; polydimeth- PDUF  pulsed Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter ylsiloxane PDUFA  Prescription Drug User Fee Act PDN  prednisone; private duty nurse PDUR  Predischarge Utilization Review pDNA  plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid PDUS  pulsed Doppler ultrasound PdNEO  pediatric neonatology PDV  peak diastolic velocity; phocine dis- PdNEP  pediatric nephrology temper virus; plasma-derived vaccine PDP  pancreatic duct pressure; papular der- PDVT  proximal deep vein thrombosis matitis of pregnancy; parallel distributed pro- PDW  platelet distribution width cessing; pattern disruption point; peak PDWA  proliferative disease without atypia diastolic pressure; piperidinopyrimidine; PDWHF  platelet-derived wound-healing plasma display; platelet-derived plasma;  factor postural drainage and chest percussion; PDYN  prodynorphin primer-dependent deoxynucleic acid poly- PE  Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia; pancreatic merase; Product Development Protocol; pro- extract; paper electrophoresis; partial epi- grammed data processor; proprioceptive lepsy; peak ejection; peak error; pediatric ex- dynamic posture (training); Protein Domain clusivity; pelvic examination; penile erection; Parser pericardial effusion; peritoneal exudate; pha- PD&P  postural drainage and percussion ryngoesophageal; phase-encoded; phenyleph- PDPD  prolonged-dwell peritoneal dialysis rine; phenylethylamine; phenytoin equivalent; PDPDM  protein-deficient pancreatic diabe- phosphatidyl ethanolamine; photographic ef- tes mellitus fect; photosensitive epilepsy; phycoerythrin; PDPH  postdural puncture headache physical education; physical engineering; PDPI  primer-dependent deoxynucleic acid physical examination; physical exercise; polymerase index physician extender; physiologic ecology; pig- PDQ  Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire; mented epithelium; pilocarpine-epinephrine; physician’s data query; Premenstrual Dis- placental extract; plant engineering; plasma tress Questionnaire; prescreening develop- exchange; platinum etoposide; pleural effu- mental questionnaire; protocol data query sion; point of entry; polyethylene; potential PDR  pediatric radiology; peripheral diabetic energy; powdered extract; preeclampsia; pre- retinopathy; physical device representation; excitation; prescription error; present evalu- Physicians’ Desk Reference; postdelivery ation; pressure equalization; presumptive room; primary drug resistance; proliferative eligibility; prior to exposure; probable error; diabetic retinopathy processing element; professional engineer; PdR  pediatric radiology program evaluation; pseudoexfoliation; pul- pdr  powder monary edema; pulmonary embolism; pul- PDRB  Permanent Disability Rating Board monary embolus; pyrogenic exotoxin PDRT  Portland Digit Recognition Test Pe  pressure on expiration PDS  pain-dysfunction syndrome; Paris do- PEA  patient-controlled epidural anesthesia; simetry system; paroxysmal depolarizing pelvic examination under anesthesia; phenyl- shift; patient data system; Patient-Doctor So- ethyl alcohol; phenylethylamine; polysaccha- ciety; pediatric surgery; penile Doppler ride egg antigen; pulseless electrical activity study; perfusion defect size; peritoneal dialy- PEAAc  poly(ethylacrylic acid) sis system; personnel decontamination sta- PEACH  Physiologic Evaluation After Coro- tion; phobic disorder screen; plasma-derived nary Hyperemia [trial] serum; polydioxanone sutures; postdetermi- PEAP  positive end-airway pressure nation software; predialyzed serum; progres- PEAR  phase-encoded artifact reduction sive deterioration scale; proteodermatan PEARLA  pupils equal and react to light and sulfate accommodation PdS  pediatric surgery PEAS  patient education and activation sys- PDSCs  placental-derived stem cells tem; possible estuary-associated syndrome  331 PEAV  Peaton virus PEGDA, PEG-DA  polyethylene glycol di- PEBD  partial external biliary diversion acrylate PEBG  phenethylbiguanide PEGDMA  polyethylene glycol dimethacry- PEBP  patient escorted by police late PEC  patient evaluation center; pelvic PEGME  polyethylene glycol methyl ether cramps; peritoneal exudate cell; perivascular Pegs  paternally expressed genes epithelioid cell; probability of error in clas- PEG-SOD  polyethylene glycol superoxide sification; pulmonary ejection click; pyro- dismutase genic exotoxin C PEG-SPA  polyethylene glycol succinyl pro- PECAM  platelet endothelial cell adhesion pionate molecule PEHO  progressive encephalopathy, edema- PECG  pseudo-electrocardiogram hypsarrhythmia, optic atrophy [syndrome] PECHO  prostatic echogram PEHPC  periodic examination and health- PECS  patient evaluation and conference promotion center system; pediatrics evaluation in community  PeHV  percid herpesvirus setting PEI  Patient Exit Interview; percutaneous PECT  positron emission computed tomogra- ethanol injection; phosphate excretion index; phy physical efficiency index; polyethyleneimine PECTE  Pulmonary Embolism Colfarit Trial PEIRS  pathology expert interpretative re- in the Elderly porting system PECV  porcine enteric calicivirus PEJ  percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy PECVD  plasma-enhanced chemical vapor PEK  punctate epithelial kerotopathy deposition PEL  peritoneal exudate lymphocyte; permis- PED  palmoplantar ectodermal dysplasia; pa- sible exposure limit tient examined by doctor; pediatric emer- PELA  peripheral excimer laser angioplasty gency department; pink-eyed dilution PELCA  percutaneous excimer laser coronary PED, ped  pediatrics angioplasty PEDF  pigment epithelium-derived factor PELD  pediatric end-stage liver disease PEDIG  Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator PELF  pulse extremely low frequency Group PEM  pediatric emergency medicine; perito- PeDS  Pediatric Drug Surveillance neal exudate macrophage; polymorphic  PedsQL  pediatric quality of life epithelial mucin; positron emission mam- PEDV  porcine epidemic diarrhea virus mography; precordial electrocardiographic PEE  phosphate-eliminating enzyme monitoring; prescription event monitoring; PEEC  pathogen-elicited epithelial chemo- primary enrichment medium; probable error attractant of measurement; protein energy malnutrition; PEEK  polyetheretherketone pulmonary endothelial membrane PEEP  positive end-expiratory pressure PEMA  phenylethylmalonamide PEEP/CPAP  positive end-expiratory pres- PEmax  maximum expiratory pressure sure/continuous positive airway pressure PEMD  primary esophageal motility disorder PEEPrs  resistive positive end-respiratory PEMF  pulsed electromagnetic field pressure PEN  pharmacy equivalent name; practitio- PEER  peer review effectiveness evaluation ners entering notes research Pen  penicillin PEF  peak expiratory flow; pharyngoepiglot- PENK  proenkephalin tic fold; potential energy function; prediction PEN&PAD  practitioners entering notes and error filter; Psychiatric Evaluation Form; pul- practitioners accessing data [system] monary edema fluid PENT  phenylethanolamine N-methyltrans- PEFR  peak expiratory flow rate ferase PEFV  partial expiratory flow volume Pent  pentothal PEG  Patient Evaluation Grid; percutaneous PEO  polyethylene oxide; progressive exter- endoscopic gastrostomy; pneumoencephalo- nal ophthalmoplegia gram, pneumoencephalography; polyethyl- PEO-PBD  polyethylene oxide–polybutadi- ene glycol ene PEG-ADA  polyethylene glycol–modified PEO-PLA  polyethylene dioxide–polylactic adenine deaminase acid PEGASUS  Percutaneous Endarterectomy, PEP  patient education program; Pediat- the Goal of Atherectomy Successfully Guid- ric Education for Paramedics; peptidase; peer ed by Ultrasound [trial] evaluation program; phosphoenolpyruvate;  332 pigmentation, edema, and plasma cell dys- perp  perpendicular crasia [syndrome]; polyestradiol phosphate; PERRLA  pupils equal, round, and reactive to pore-forming protein; positive expiratory light and accommodation pressure; postencephalitic parkinsonism; PERS  Patient Evaluation Rating Scale; pedi- post–endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan-  atric emergency rating scale creatography [ERCP] pancreatitis; postexpo- PERT  phenol-enhanced reassociation tech- sure prophylaxis; preejection period; protein nique; program evaluation review technique electrophoresis; Psychiatric Evaluation Pro- PERV  Perinet virus; porcine endogenous file; pudendal evoked potential retrovirus Pep  peptidase PES  patient escort service; pharyngoesopha- PEPA  peptidase A; prospective evaluation geal segment; photoelectron spectroscopy; of prognosis in angina physical examination syndrome; physicians’ PEPB  peptidase B equity services; polyethylene sulfonate; PEPC  peptidase C postextrasystolic; preepiglottic space; preex- PEPc  corrected pre-ejection period citation syndrome; primary empty sella [syn- PEPCK  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxyki- drome]; programmed electrical stimulation; nase pseudoepileptic seizures; pseudoexfoliation/ PEPD  peptidase D pseudoexfoliative syndrome; psychiatric PEPE  peptidase E emergency services PEPFAR  President’s Emergency Plan for Pes  esophageal pressure AIDS Relief PESDA  perfluorocarbon-exposed sonicated PEPI  pre-ejection period index; Postmeno- dextrose albumin pausal Estrogen-Progestin Intervention  PESP  postextrasystolic potentiation [trial] Pes/PImax  mean esophageal pressure/ PEPLine  Postexposure Prophylaxis Hotline maximum inspiratory pressure ratio PEPP  Payment Error Prevention Program; PESS  problem, etiology, signs, and symp- positive expiratory pressure plateau; Preg- toms nancy Exposures and Pre-eclampsia Preven- Pess  pessary tion [project] PET  paraffin-embedded tissue; peak ejection PEPS  peptidase S time; peritoneal equilibrium test; polyethyl- PEPT  peptide transporter ene terephthalate; polyethylene tube; poor PEPV  penguinpox virus exercise tolerance; positron emission tomog- PER  peak ejection rate; periodogram; perito- raphy; preeclamptic toxemia; pressure equal- neum; protein efficiency ratio ization tube; privacy-enhancing technique; per  perineal; periodicity, periodic progressive exercise test; psychiatric emer- perc  percutaneous gency team perCP  peridinin chlorophyll protein PETCO2, PETCO2  end-tidal pressure of car- percus  percussion bon dioxide Perf  perfusion or perfusionist PETH  pink-eyed, tan-hooded [rat] perf  perforation PET-MRI  positron emission tomography PERFEXT  Perfusion, Performance, Exercise magnetic resonance imaging Trial PETN  pentaerythritol tetranitrate PERG  pattern electroretinogram PETQI  patient education total quality im- PERI  Psychiatric Epidemiology Research provement Interview petr  petroleum periap  periapical PETRA  parameter estimation for the treat- Perio  periodontics ment of reactivity application Peritf  peritoneal fluid PETS  percutaneous epiphysiodesis using PERK  prospective evaluation of radial kera- transphyseal screws totomy [protocol] PETSc  portable extensible toolkit for scien- p-ERK  dual phosphorylated extracellular tific computation signal–regulated kinase PETT  pendular eye-tracking test; positron PERL  pupils equal, reactive to light emission transverse tomography PERLA  pupils equal, reactive to light and PETV  Petevo virus accommodation PEU  plasma equivalent unit PERM  Prospective Evaluation of Perfusion PEUU  polyurethane-urea Markers [study] PEV  peak expiratory velocity; positive ef- PerNET  peripheral neuroectodermal tumor fect variegation; pseudoenteritis virus PERP  positive end-respiratory pressure pev  peak electron volts  333 PEV 2 to 13  porcine enteroviruses 2 to 13 PFKF  6-phosphofructo-2-kinase, fibroblast PEV A, B  porcine enteroviruses A and B type PEW  pulmonary extravascular water PFKL  phosphofructokinase, liver type; PEWV  pulmonary extravascular water vol- 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase, liver type ume PFKM  phosphofructokinase, muscle type PEX  presence of exfoliation syndrome PFKP  phosphofructokinase, platelet type; PEx  physical examination 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase, platelet type Pex  peak exercise PFKX  6-phosphofructo-2-kinase X PEXG  primary exfoliative glaucoma PFL  profibrinolysin Pext  pressure across external breathing ap- pflops  pentaflops [floating points per second] paratus PFM  peak flow meter PF  pair feeding; peak flow; peak frequency; PFMT  pelvic floor muscle training pemphigus foliaceus; perfusion fluid; peri- PFN  partially functional neutrophil; pro- cardial fluid; periosteal fibroblast; peritoneal filin; proximal femoral nail fluid; permeability factor; personality factor; PFO  patent foramen ovale; perfringolysin picture frustration [study]; plantar flexion; O; plantar fasciitis orthosis plasma factor; plasmapheresis; platelet fac- PFOB  perfluorocytylbromide tor; pleural fluid; power factor; primary fibri- PFOR  pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase nolysin; prostatic fluid; protection factor; PFP  pentafluorophenol; peripheral facial pa- pterygoid fossa; pulmonary factor; pulmo- ralysis; plain film pelvis [x-ray]; platelet-free nary function; Purkinje fiber; purpura fulmi- plasma; pulmonary fibroproliferation nans; push fluids; pyrozafurin PFPA  postfundoplication pseudoachalasia P-F  picture frustration [test] P-FPIA  polyclonal fluorescence polariza- PF1–4  platelet factors 1 to 4 tion immunoassay Pf  final pressure PFPS  patellofemoral pain syndrome Pf  Plasmodium falciparum PFQ  personality factor questionnaire pF  picofarad PFR  parotid flow rate; particulate filter res- PFA  p-fluorophenylalanine; phosphonofor- pirator; peak flow rate; proximal femoral mate; probability of false alarm; profunda replacement femoris artery; pulverized fluid ash PFRC  predicted functional residual capacity PFAS  perception of functional ability scale; PFS  patellofemoral syndrome; primary fi- performic acid–Schiff bromyalgia syndrome; progression-free sur- PFB  perflubron; proportion of fed bugs vival; protein-free supernatant; pulmonary PFC  pair-fed control [mice]; pancreatic fluid function score; pulsatile flow system collection; patient-focused care; pelvic flex- PFSH  past, family and social history ion contracture; perfluorocarbon; perfluoro- PFT  pancreatic function test; parafascicular chemical; pericardial fluid culture; persistent thalamotomy; posterior fossa tumor; predni- fetal circulation; plaque-forming cell sone, fluorouracil, and tamoxifen; pulmonary pFc  noncovalently bonded dimer of the function test C-terminal immunoglobulin of the Fc frag- PFTBE  progressive form of tick-borne en- ment cephalitis PFD  pelvic floor disorder; perfluorodecalin; PFTL  pulmonary function test laboratory polyostotic fibrous dysplasia; pseudoinflam- PFU  plaque-forming unit; pock-forming unit matory fundus disease pfu  plaque-forming unit PFDA  perfluoro-decanoic acid PFUI  pelvic fracture urethral injury PfDNV  Periplanata fuliginosa densovirus PFUO  prolonged fever of unknown origin PFE  pelvic floor exercise PFV  physiologic full value PFFD  proximal focal femoral deficiency PFWD  pain-free walking distance PFG  peak flow gauge; pulsed-field gel elec- PG  parallel group; parapsoriasis gut- trophoresis tata; paregoric; parotid gland; partial PFGE  pulsed-field gel electrophoresis gastrectomy; pentagastrin; pepsinogen; PFGS  phosphoribosyl formylglycinamide peptidoglycan; percutaneous gastrostomy; synthetase Pharmacopoeia Germanica; phase gradient; PFIB  perfluoroisobutylene phosphate glutamate; phosphatidylglycerol; PFIC  progressive familial intrahepatic cho- phosphogluconate; pigment granule; pitu- lestasis itary gonadotropin; plasma glucose; plasma PFJ  patellofemoral joint triglyceride; polygalacturonate; post graft; PFK  phosphofructokinase; 6-phosphofructo- postgraduate; postprandial glucose; prac- 2-kinase tice guideline; pregnanediol glucuronide;  334 pregnant; progesterone; prolyl hydrolase; PGMB  phosphoglycerate mutase B propyl gallate; propylene glycol; Prospect PGMDE  postgraduate and continuing medi- Hill [virus]; prostaglandin; proteoglycan; cal and dental education pulse generator; pyoderma gangrenosum pg/mL  picograms per milliliter 2PG  2-phosphoglycerate PGN  proliferative glomerulonephritis 3PG  3-phosphoglycerate PGNA  prompt gamma neutron activation PG  plasma glucose PGO  ponto-geniculo-occipital Pg  gastric pressure; nasopharyngeal elec- PGP  phosphoglycerol phosphatase; post- trode placement [EEG]; plakoglobin; plas- gamma proteinuria; prepaid group practice; minogen; pogonion; pregnancy, pregnant; progressive general paralysis pregnenolone PGPV  pigeonpox virus pg  parthenogenic; picogram; pregnant PGR  progesterone receptor; psychogalvanic PGA  pancreatogastrostomy; pepsinogen A; response phosphoglyceric acid; polyglandular auto­ PgR  progesterone receptor immune [syndrome]; polyglycolic acid; PGS  peristent gross splenomegaly; Petti- programmable-gain amplifier; prostaglandin grew syndrome; plant growth substance; A; pteroylglutamic acid polar grid system; postsurgical gastroparesis PGA1–3  prostaglandins A1 to A3 syndrome; primary generalized seizures; PGAM  monophosphoglycerate mutase prostaglandin synthetase PGAP  pilot geriatric arthritis program PGSI  prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor PGAS  persisting galactorrhea-amenorrhea PGSR  phosphogalvanic skin response syndrome; polyglandular autoimmune syn- PGT  preimplantation genetic testing drome PGTC  primary generalized tonic-clonic sei- PGAV  Pongola virus zures PGB  progabide; prostaglandin B PGTR  plasma glucose tolerance rate PGC  primordial germ cell; progastricin PGTT  prednisolone glucose tolerance test PGCL  paragigantocellularis lateralis PGU  peripheral glucose uptake; postgono- PGD  phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; coccal urethritis phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase PGUT  phosphogalactose uridyl transferase PGD2  prostaglandin D2 PGV  proximal gastric vagotomy 6-PGD  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase PGVS  postganglionic vagal stimulation PGDH  phosphogluconate dehydrogenase PGWB  Psychological General Well-Being PGDR  plasma glucose disappearance rate [Index] PGE  platelet granule exract; posterior gas- PGX  prostacyclin troenterostomy PGY  postgraduate year PGE1  prostaglandin E1 PGYE  peptone, glucose yeast extract PGE2  prostaglandin E2 PH  Pallister-Hall [syndrome]; papillary PGF  phylogenetic footprint hyperplasia; parathyroid hormone; partial PGF2α  prostaglandin F2α hepatectomy; partial hysterectomy; passive PGFT  phosphoribosylglycinamide formyl- hemagglutination; past history; patient his- transferase tory; persistent hepatitis; personal history; PGG  polyclonal gamma globulin pharmaceutical, pharmacist; pharmacopeia; PGG2  prostaglandin G2 pharmacy; physical history; porphyria hepat- PGH  pituitary growth hormone; porcine ica; posterior heel; posterior hypothalamus; growth hormone prehospital; previous history; primary hy- PGH2  prostaglandin H2 peroxaluria; primary hyperparathyroidism; PGHS  prostaglandin G/H synthase prostatic hypertrophy; pseudohermaphrodit- PGI  phosphoglucose isomerase; potassium, ism; public health; pulmonary hypertension; glucose, and insulin pulmonary hypoplasia PGI2  prostacyclin [prostaglandin I2] PH1  primary hyperoxaluria type 1 PGK  phosphoglycerate kinase Ph  phantom; pharmacopeia; phenyl; Phila- PGL  paraganglioma [syndrome]; persistent delphia [chromosome]; phosphate generalized lymphadenopathy; phosphogly- Ph1  Philadelphia chromosome colipid; 6-phosphogluconolactonase pH  hydrogen ion concentration PGLN  periglandular lymph node pH1  isoelectric point PGlyM  phosphoglyceromutase ph  phot PGM  phosphoglucomutase; phosphoglycer- PHA  passive hemagglutination assay; ate mutase peripheral hyperalimentation; phenylala- PGMA  phosphoglycerate mutase A nine; Physician Hospitals of America;  335 phytohemagglutinin; phytohemagglutinin PHCDM  public health computational data antigen; pseudohypoaldosteronism; public model health agency; Public Health Association; PHCP  prehospital care provider pulse-height analyzer PHD  pathological habit disorder; personal PHA1  pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 health data; post-heparin plasma diamine PHA2  pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 oxidase; potentially harmful drug pHA  arterial blood hydrogen tension PhD  Doctor of Pharmacy; Doctor of Phi- pHa  arterial hydrogen ion concentration losophy PHAC  phaclofen PHE  periodic health examination; phenyl- PhAdV  pheasant adenovirus ephrine PHAF  peripheral hyperalimentation for­ Phe  phenylalanine mula PhEEM  photoemission electron microscopy PHAH  polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocar- PHEI  prevention and health evaluation in- bon formatics PHAL  phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lym- pHEMA  polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate phocyte PHEN  phenomenon or process phal  phalangeal Phen  phentermine PHA-LCM  phytohemagglutinin-stimulated Pheo  pheochromocytoma; pheophytin leukocyte conditioned medium PhEur  Pharmacopeia Europaea Ph+ALL  Philadelphia chromosome–positive Ph. Eur. U.  European Pharmacopoeia unit acute lymphoblastic leukemia PHEX  phosphate-regulating gene with ho- PHA-NSP  passive hemagglutination to mologies to endopeptidase on X chromosome nonstructural protein PHF  paired helical filament; personal hy- PHAP  phytohemagglutinin protein giene facility PHAR  pharmacologic substance PHFB  psyllium husk fiber bar phar  pharmaceutical; pharmacy; pharynx PHFG  primary human fetal glia Phar C  pharmaceutical chemist PhG  Graduate in Pharmacy; Pharmacopoe- PHARM  Pharmacist in Heart Failure: As- ia Germanica sessment, Recommendation and Monitoring phgly  phenylglycine [study] PHHI  persistent hyperinsulinemic hypogly- Pharm  pharmacy cemia of infancy pharm  pharmacist; pharmacology; phar- PHHP  Pawtucket Heart Health Program macopeia; pharmacy PhHV  phalacrocoracid herpesvirus Pharm B  Bachelor of Pharmacy PHI  Paraprofessional Healthcare Institute; Pharm D  Doctor of Pharmacy passive hemagglutination inhibition; past Pharm M  Master of Pharmacy history of illness; personalized health infor- PHASE  prehospital arrest survival evalua- mation; phosphine; phosphohexose isomer- tion ase; physiologic hyaluronidase inhibitor; PHAVER  pterygia, heart defects, autosomal prehospital index; protected health informa- recessive inheritance, vertebral defects, ear tion anomalies, radial defects [syndrome] PhI  Pharmacopoeia Internationalis PHB  polyhydroxybutyrate; preventive health Phi  Partnership in Health Information behavior; prohibitin pHi  intracellular hydrogen ion concentra- PhB, Phb  Pharmacopoeia Britannica tion; intramucosal hydrogen ion concentra- PHBB  propylhydroxybenzyl benzimidazole tion PHBQ  Physicians’ Humanistic Behaviors PHICOG  Philadelphia Cooperative Group Questionnaire; Post-Hospitalization Behav- PHIDIAS  Laser Photopolymerisation Mod- ior Questionnaire els Based on Medical Imaging, a Develop- PHC  personal health costs; posthospital ment Improving the Accuracy of Surgery care; premolar hypodontia, hyperhidrosis, PHIDS  personalized healthcare information [premature] canities [syndrome]; primary delivery system health care; Primary Healthcare Center; pri- PHIHM  prehospital invasive hemodynamic mary hepatic carcinoma; proliferative helper monitoring cell; public health center PHIM  posthypoxic intention myoclonus PHCA  profound hypothermic circulatory ar- PHIS  personal health information seeking rest PhIS  pharmacy information system PhC  pharmaceutical chemist PHK  phosphohexokinase; phosphorylase Ph1c  Philadelphia chromosome kinase; postmortem human kidney PHCC  primary hepatocellular carcinoma PHKA  phosphorylase kinase alpha  336 PHKB  phosphorylase kinase beta PHT  peak height of tension; phenytoin; por- PHKD  phosphorylase kinase delta tal hypertension; pressure half-time; primary PHKG  phosphorylase kinase gamma hyperthyroidism; pulmonary hypertension PHL  public health laboratory PhTD  Doctor of Physical Therapy PHLA  postheparin lipolytic activity PHTLS  prehospital trauma life support PHLOP  polymerase halt–mediated linkage PHTN  portal hypertension; pulmonary hy- of primers pertension PHLS  Public Health Laboratory Service PHU  population health unit PHM  peptide histidine methionine; peptidyl- PHV  peak height velocity; perch hyperpla- glycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; sia virus; Prospect Hill virus posterior hyaloid membrane; public health PhVWP  Pharmacovigilance Working Party measures; pulmonary hyaline membrane PHX  pulmonary histiocytosis X PhM  Master of Pharmacy; pharyngeal Phx  past history; pharynx muscle PHY  pharyngitis; physical; physiology PhmG  Graduate in Pharmacy PHYLLIS  Plaque Hypertension Lipid- PHN  paroxysmal noctural hemoglobinuria; Lowering Italian Study passive Heymann nephritis; postherpetic PHYS  physiologic function; physiology neuralgia; primary health care nurse; proxi- PhyS  physiologic saline [solution] mal humeral nail; public health nurse/nursing phys  physical; physician PHO  physician-hospital organization Phys Ed  physical education PH2O  partial pressure of water vapor physio  physiology; physiotherapy PHOCUS  Primary Health-Oriented Com- Phys Med  physical medicine puter Users’ System PhysPRC  Physician Payment Review PhoHV  phocid herpesvirus Commission phos  phosphate PHYS-SPEC  physician’s specialty PHOX  paired mesoderm homeobox [gene] Phys Ther  physical therapist/therapy PHP  panhypopituitarism; postheparin phos- PHZ  phenylhydrazine pholipase; prehospital program; prepaid PI  class I protein; first meiotic prophase; iso- health plan; primary hyperparathyroidism; electric point; pacing impulse; package insert; pseudohypoparathyroidism; psychological pain intensity; pancreatic insufficiency; para- health profile influenza; pars intermedia; patient interest; PHPA  passive hemolytic plaque assay; performance indicator; performance index; p-hydroxyphenylacetate performance intensity; perinatal injury; peri- PHPLA  p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid odontal index; permeability index; personal pHPPA  p-hydrophenylpyruvic acid injury; personality inventory; phagocytic p-HPPO  p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate oxi- index; Pharmacopoeia Internationalis; phos- dase phatidylinositol; physically impaired; physi- PHPT  primary hyperparathyroidism; pseu- ologic index; pineal body; plaque index; dohypoparathyroidism plasmin inhibitor; pneumatosis intestinalis; pHPT  primary hyperparathyroidism poison ivy; ponderal index; postictal immo- PHPV  persistent hyperplastic primary vitre- bility; postinfection; postinfluenza; postinju- ous ry; postinoculation; preinduction; premature PHR  parent-held record; peak heart rate; infant; prematurity index; preparatory inter- photoreactivity val; prescribing information; present illness; PHRN  Prehospital Registered Nurse primary infarction; primary infection; princi- PHS  partial hospitalization system; Personal pal investigator; processor interface; product Handphone System; phenylalanine hydrolase information; proinsulin; prolactin inhibitor; stimulator system; Physicians’ Health Study; propidium iodide; proportional plus integral; pooled human serum; posthypnotic sugges- protamine insulin; protease inhibitor; proxi- tion; pseudoprogeria-Hallermann-Streiff mal intestine; pulmonary incompetence; [syndrome]; Public Health Service pulmonary index; pulmonary infarction; pul- PHSC  pluripotent hematoopoietic stem cell; monic insufficiency; pulsatility index powdered human stratum corneum PI  inspiratory pressure PHS-LAN  Personal Handphone System– P&I  pneumonia and influenza Local Area Network Pi  inorganic phosphate; parental generation; PHS-PC  Personal Handphone System– pressure in inspiration; protease inhibitor Personal Computer Pi  inorganic phosphate pH-stat  apparatus for maintaining the pH pI  isoelectric point of a solution p-I  post inspiratory  337 pi  post injection diagnosis; prolapsed/protruded intervertebral PIA  photoelectric intravenous angiography; disk; proportional integral derivative; pro- plasma insulin activity; preinfarction angina; portional integral-differential control Psychiatric Institute of America; R-phenyl- PIDRA  portable insulin dosage-regulating isopropyladenosine apparatus PIAA  Physician Insurers Association of PIDS  patient identification service; primary America immunodeficiency syndrome PiAdV  pigeon adenovirus PIDT  plasma iron disappearance time PIAF  pharmacologic intervention in atrial PIE  postinfectious encephalomyelitis; pre- fibrillation; prognosis in atrial fibrillation implantation embryo; prosthetic infectious PIAT  Peabody Individual Achievement Test endocarditis; pulmonary infiltration with eo- PIAV  Picola virus sinophilia; pulmonary interstitial emphysema PIAVA  polydactyly, imperforate anus, ver- PIF  parotid isoelectric focusing variant; tebral anomalies [syndrome] peak inspiratory flow; photoinhibition  PIB  periinfarction block factor; proinsulin free; prolactin-inhibiting PIBC  percutaneous intraaortic balloon coun- factor; prolactin release-inhibiting factor; terpulsation proliferation-inhibiting factor; prostatic in- PIBIDS, PIBI(D)S  photosensitivity, ichthy- terstitial fluid osis, brittle hair, impaired intelligence, (pos- PIFG  poor intrauterine fetal growth sibly decreased fertility), short stature PIFR  peak inspiratory flow rate syndrome PIFT  platelet immunofluorescence test PIC  pacing in cardiomyopathy; peripherally PIG  Polaris Investigator Group; polymeric inserted indwelling central catheter; Person- immunoglobulin ality Inventory for Children; polymorphism PIGA  phosphatidylinositol glycan A information content; preinitiation complex; pIgA  polymeric immunoglobulin A preinjury condition; prior informed consent pIgM  polymeric immunoglobulin M PICA  Porch Index of Communicative Abili- pigm  pigment, pigmented ties; posterior inferior cerebellar artery; pos- PIGR, PigR  polymeric immunoglobulin re- terior inferior communicating artery ceptor PICC  percutaneous indwelling central ve- PIH  periventricular-intraventricular hemor- nous catheter; peripherally inserted central rhage; pheniprazine; phenyl isopropylhy- catheter drazine; pregnancy-induced hypertension; PICD  primary irritant contact dermatitis prolactin-inhibiting hormone; pseudointimal PICFS  postinfective chronic fatigue syn- hyperplasia drome PII  plasma inorganic iodine; primary irrita- PICNIC  Pediatric Investigators Collabora- tion index tive Network on Infections in Canada PI-IBS  postinfectious irritable bowel syn- PICO  Pimobendan in Congestive Heart drome Failure [study]; population, intervention, PIIgG  surface immunoglobulin G comparison, and outcome PIIP  portable insulin infusion pump PiCO2  partial pressure of carbon dioxide in PIIS  posterior inferior iliac spine air Pij  propagation delay PICS  Pacing in Cardiomyopathy Study PI3K, PI-3K  phosphatidylinositol-3′-kinase PICSO  pressure-controlled intermittent cor- PIKQ  Prolapse and Incontinence Knowl- onary sinus occlusion edge Questionnaire PICSS  Patent Foramen Ovale in Crypto- PIL  patient information leaflet genic Stroke Study Pil.  pill PICTURE  Post-intracoronary Treatment Ul- PILBD  paucity of interlobular bile ducts trasound Results Evaluation [study] PILL  Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Lan- PICU  patient interface control unit; pediatric guidness intensive care unit; pulmonary intensive care PILOT  Polish Intramural Low Molecular unit Weight Heparin Outpatient Stent Trial; Pre- PICV  Pichinde virus liminary Investigation of Local Therapy PiCV  pigeon circovirus PILP  postinfarction late potential PID  pain intensity difference; patient identi- PILS  Pilsen Longitudinal Study fication; patient identity; pelvic inflammatory PIM  penicillamine-induced myasthenia disease; photoionization detector; picture PImax  maximum inspiratory pressure at re- image directory; plasma iron disappear- sidual volume ance; postinertia dyskinesia; preimplantation Pimax  maximum inspiratory pressure  338 PIMI  predictive index for myocardial infarc- PISCES  percutaneously inserted spinal cord tion; psychophysiologic interventions in electrical stimulation myocardial ischemia PISH  polymerase chain reaction in situ hy- PIMS  patient information management sys- bridization tem PISI  pediatric illness severity index PIN  patient information network; personal PISK  pressure-induced intralamellar stro- identification number; product identification mal keratitis number; prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia PIT  pacing-induced tachycardia; patella in- Pin  inflow pressure; initial pressure hibition test; pericranial injection therapy; PINN  proposed international nonpropri- picture identification test; pitocin; pitressin; etary name plasma iron turnover PINV  postimperative negative variation pit  pituitary PIO2  partial pressure of inspired oxygen PITA  powered intracapsular tonsillectomy PION  posterior ischemic optic neuropathy and adenoidectomy PIOPED  Prospective Investigation of Pul- PITAC  President’s Information Technology monary Embolism Diagnosis Advisory Committee PIP  paralytic infantile paralysis; peak in- PITC  phenylisothiocyanate flation pressure, peak inspiratory pressure; PITR  plasma iron turnover rate periodic interim payment; piperacillin; Poly PIU  polymerase-inducing unit; programmed Implant Prostheses; posterior interphalange- instruction unit al; postinfusion phlebitis; pressure inversion PIV  parainfluenza virus; particle image point; primary injury prevention; probable velocity; polydactyly, imperforate anus,  intrauterine pregnancy; prolactin-inducible vertebral anomalies [syndrome]; projective protein; proximal interphalangeal; psychosis, image visualization; Puffin Island virus intermittent hyponatremia, polydipsia [syn- PIVD  protruded intervertebral disk drome]; Psychotic Inpatient Profile PIVH  peripheral intravenous hyperalimen- PI-P  phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate tation; periventricular-intraventricular hem- PIP2  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate orrhage Pi/PCr  inorganic phosphate/creatine phos- PIVKA  protein induced by vitamin K ab- phate ratio sence or antagonism PIPE  persistent interstitial pulmonary em- P/I/X  patients, indicators, external bodies physema PIXE  particle-induced x-ray emission; PIPER  Patient Information Projects Register proton-induced x-ray emission PIPIDA  p-isopropylacetanilidoimidodiace- Pixel  picture element tic acid PIXI  paternally imprinted X inactivation PIPJ  proximal interphalangeal joint PIXV  Pixuna virus PI-PP  phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate PJ  pancreatic juice; Peutz-Jeghers [syn- PIPS  patient information protocol system drome] PIQ  Performance Intelligence Quotient PJB  premature junctional beat PIR  participant inquiry research; postinhibi- PJC  premature junctional contractions tion rebound; postisometric relaxation; pro- pJC  Jamestown Canyon virus plasmid tein identification/information resource PJIA  polyarticular juvenile idiopathic ar- PIRI  plasma immunoreactive insulin thritis PIR-NREF  Protein Information or Identifi- PJM  positive joint mobilization cation Resource Nonredundant Reference PJP  pancreatic juice protein PIRS  plasma immunoreactive secretion; PJRT  permanent junctional reciprocating postinfarction risk stratification tachycardia PIRTS  patient identification for rotational PJS  peritoneojugular shunt; Peutz-Jeghers therapy system syndrome PIRV  Pirital virus PJT  paroxysmal junctional tachycardia PIRYV  Piry virus PK  penetrating keratoplasty; pericardial PIS  pharmacy information system; pre- knock; pharmacokinetics; pig kidney; Praus- infarction syndrome; primary immunode- nitz-Küstner [reaction]; protein kinase; psy- ficiency syndrome; Primary Index Score; chokinesis; pyruvate kinase Provisional International Standard Pk  peak pIs  isoelectric point pK  negative logarithm of the dissociation PISA  proximal isovelocity surface area constant; plasma potassium PISA-PED  Prospective Investigative Study pK′  apparent value of a pK; negative loga- of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis rithm of the dissociation constant of an acid  339 pk  peck PL  transpulmonary pressure PKA  protein kinase A pL  picoliter PkA  prekallikrein activator pl  picoliter; placenta; plasma; platelet pKa  negative logarithm of the acid ioniza- PLA  peripheral laser angioplasty; phenyl tion constant lactate; phospholipase A; phospholipid anti- PKAN  pantothenate kinase–associated neu- body; placebo therapy; plasminogen activa- rodegeneration [Hallervorden-Spatz disease] tor; platelet antigen; polylactic acid; PKAR  protein kinase activation ratio potentially lethal arrhythmia; procaine/lactic PKase  protein kinase acid; processed lipoaspirate cells; Product PKB  protein kinase B License Application; pulp linguoaxial PKC  Permanente Knowledge Connection; PLA2  phospholipase A2 problem-knowledge coupler; protein kinase C PLa  pulpolabial PKCA  protein kinase C alpha Pla, PLa  left atrial pressure PKCB  protein kinase C beta PLAC  Pravastatin Limitation in Atheroscle- PKCE  protein kinase C epsilon rosis in the Coronary Arteries [study] PKCG  protein kinase C gamma PLAC-2  Pravastatin, Lipids and Atheroscle- PKCSH  protein kinase C heavy chain rosis in the Carotid Arteries [study] PKCSL  protein kinase C light chain PLAID  PLCG2-associated antibody defi- PKCZ  protein kinase C zeta ciency and immune dysregulation PKD  polycystic kidney disease; prolifera- PLAP  placental alkaline phosphatase tive kidney disease PLAT  plasminogen activator, tissue type PKD-1  polycystic kidney disease gene 1 Plat  platelet PKD-2  polycystic kidney disease gene 2 PLAU  plasminogen activator, urinary PKDL  post–kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis PLAUR  plasminogen activator receptor, PKF  phagocytosis and killing function urokinase type PKG  protein kinase G PLAV  Playas virus PKI  potato kallikrein inhibitor; protein ki- PLB  parietal lobe battery; phospholamban; nase inhibitor; public key infrastructure phospholipase B; planar lipid bilayer; porous PKK  plasma prekallikrein layer bead; posterolateral bundle; pursed-lip PKL  pyruvate kinase, liver type breathing PKM  protein kinase M; pyruvate kinase, PLC  phospholipase C; pityriasis lichenoides muscle chronica; primary liver cancer; primed  PKMB  pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic, lymphocyte culture; programmable logic and micaceous balanitis controller; proinsulin-like component; PKN  parkinsonism protein-lipid complex; pseudolymphocytic pkn  pseudo-knot choriomeningitis PKP  penetrating keratoplasty; plakophilin PLCC  primary liver cell cancer PK/PD  pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic PLCO  postoperative low cardiac output PKPV  peacockpox virus PLCx  posterolateral circumflex branch [of PKR  phased knee rehabilitation; Prausnitz- coronary artery] Küstner reaction PLD  peripheral light detection; phospholi- Pk/Rr  peak respiratory rate pase D; platelet defect; polycystic liver dis- PKS  protein kinase sequence ease; posterior latissimus dorsi; potentially PKT  pancreas-kidney transplantation; Praus­ lethal damage nitz-Küstner test PLDH  plasma lactic dehydrogenase PKU  phenylketonuria pLDH  parasite-specific lactate dehydroge- PKV  killed poliomyelitis vaccine nase pkV  peak kilovoltage PLDR  potentially lethal damage repair PL  Paenibacillus larvae; palmaris longus; PLE  paraneoplastic limbic encephalopathy; pancreatic lipase; perception of light; pero- pleura; protein-losing enteropathy; pseudolu- neus longus; phospholipase; phospholipid; pus erythematosus photoluminescence; placebo; placental lacto- PLED  periodic lateral epileptiform discharge gen; plantar; plasmalemma; plastic surgery; PLES  parallel-line equal space platelet lactogen; polarized light; posterolat- PLET  polymyxin, lysosome, EDTA, thallous eral; preleukemia; programming language; acetate prolactin; prolymphocytic leukemia; pulpo- PLEVA  pityriasis lichenoides et variolifor- lingual; Purkinje layer mis acuta 3PL  3-point line PLEXES  Pacing Lead Explant with Excimer Pl  poiseuille Sheath [study]  340 PLF  perilymphatic fistula; posterior lung Postsurgery Logiparin Study; preleuke- fiber mic syndrome; primary lateral sclerosis; Plf  pleural fluid prostaglandin-like substance; pulmonary PLFD  perilunate fracture dislocation leukostasis syndrome 3PLFLS  three-point line fixed least squares PLSA  posterolateral segment [coronary] ar- PLFS  perilymphatic fistula syndrome tery PLG  plasminogen; polylactic-co-glycolic PLSD  protected least significant difference acid; poly-DL-lactide/glycolide; L-propyl-L- PLSR  partial least-square regression leucyl-glucinamide PLST  progressively lowered stress threshold PLGA  polylactic-glycolic acid Pl Surg  plastic surgeon/surgery PlGF  placental growth factor PLSV  Palestina virus PLGL  plasminogen-like PLT  platelet; primary lymphoma of the P-LGV  psittacosis lymphogranuloma vene- thyroid; primed lymphocyte test; primed reum lymphocyte typing; psittacosis lympho-gran- PLH  placental lactogenic hormone uloma venereum trachoma [group] PLHP  personalized lifetime health plan PLTC  Partnership for Long Term Care PlHV  pleuronectid herpesvirus PLTP  phospholipid transfer protein PLI  pancreatic lymphocytic infiltration; pa- plumb  lead [Lat. plumbum] ternal leukocyte immunization; professional PLUT  Plutchnik [scale] liability insurance PLV  panleukemia virus; panleukopenia PL/I  programming language I virus; partial liquid ventilation; phenylala- PLIF  posterior lumbar interbody fusion nine, lysine, and vasopressin; poliomyelitis PLISSIT  permission to be sexual, limited live vaccine; posterior left ventricle; puma information, specific suggestions, intensive lentivirus therapy PLV  left ventricular pressure PLL  peripheral light loss; phase-locked loop; PLVP  peak left ventricular pressure poly-L-lysine; posterior longitudinal liga- PLW  Prader-Labhart-Willi [syndrome] ment; potential loss of life; pressure length PLWA, PLW As  person living with ac- loop; prolymphocytic leukemia quired immune deficiency syndrome PLLA  poly-L-lactic acid PLWHA  people living with HIV/AIDS PLM  percent labeled mitoses; periodic leg PLWS  Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome movement; plasma level monitoring; polar- plx  plexus ized light microscopy; Prevention of Mortal- PLZ  phenelzine ity with Low-Molecular Weight Heparin in PLZF  promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger Medical Patients [study] PM  after death [Lat. post mortem]; after PLMS  periodic limb movements during sleep noon [Lat. post meridiem]; mean pressure; PLMV  posterior leaf mitral valve pacemaker; pantomography; papilla mam- PLN  peripheral lymph node; phospholam- mae; papillary muscle; papular mucinosis; ban partial meniscectomy; particle mass; particu- PLNA  percutaneous lung needle aspiration late matter; patient management; pectinate PLND  pelvic lymph node dissection muscle; pectoralis major [muscle]; perinatal PLNT  plant mortality; periodontal membrane; peritoneal PLO  polycystic lipomembranous osteodys- macrophage; petit mal epilepsy; photomulti- plasia plier; physical medicine; plasma membrane; PLOD  procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate 5- platelet membrane; platelet microsome; dioxygenase pneumomediastinum; poliomyelitis; poly- PLOF  prior level of function morph [polymorphonuclear leukocyte]; poly- PLOS  postoperative length of stay morphic; polymyositis; poor metabolizer; PLOSA  Physiologic Low-Stress Angioplas- porokeratosis of Mibelli; posterior mitral; ty [trial] postmenstrual; postmortem; power manage- PLP  Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifa- ment; premarketing; premenstrual; premo- ciens; phospholipid; plasma leukapheresis; lar; premotor; presents mainly; presystolic  polypeptide; polystyrene latex particles; pos- murmur; pretibial myxedema; preventive terior lobe of pituitary; proteolipid protein; maintenance; preventive medicine; primary pyridoxal phosphate motivation; process manager; Prony method; PLPH  post–lumbar puncture headache prophylactic mastectomy; prostatic massage; PLR  pupillary light reflex protein methylesterase; protocol manage- PLS  Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome; partial ment; psammomatous meningioma; ptery- least square; polydactyly-luxation syndrome; goid muscle; pterygomaxillary; pubertal  341 macromastia; pulmonary macrophage; pulp- PME  pelvic muscle exercise; periodic moni- omesial; purple membrane toring examination; phosphomonoester; PM10  particulate matter <10 microns polymorphonuclear eosinophil; progressive Pm  promethium multifocal encephalopathy; progressive my- pM  picomolar oclonus epilepsy pm  picometer PMEA  9-(2-phosphomethoxyethyl) adenine πm  pi meson PMEL  Pacific Marine Environmental Labo- PMA  index of prevalence and severity ratory of gingivitis [P = papillary gingiva, M =  PMF  platelet membrane fluidity; progres- marginal gingiva, A = attached gin- sive massive fibrosis; protein modified fast; giva]; papillary, marginal, attached [gingiva];  proton motive force; pterygomaxillary fossa para-methoxyamphetamine; Pharmaceutical  pmf  proton motive force Manufacturers Association; phenylmercuric PMFC  posterior medial frontal cortex acetate; phorbol myristate acetate; phospho- PMG  primary medical group molybdic acid; polymethacrylic acid; pre- PMGCT  primary mediastinal germ cell tumor market approval; primary mental abilities; PMH  past medical history; posteromedial professional medical association; progressive hypothalamus muscular atrophy; pyridylmercuric acetate PMHAB  Provincial Mental Health Adviso- PMAA  polymethacrylic acid ry Board P(MAA-g-EG)  poly[methacrylic acid- PMHCNS  Psychiatric and Mental Health grafted poly(ethylene glycol)] Clinical Nurse Specialist PMAC  Pharmaceutical Manufacturers As- PMHNP  Psychiatric and Mental Health sociation of Canada; phenylmercuric acetate; Nurse Practitioner programmable multiaxis controller PMHR  predicted maximum heart rate PMAS  phenylmercuric acetate PMHx  past medical history P+max  peak positive pressure PMI  pain management inventory; past med- PMB  papillomacular bundle; para-hydroxy- ical illness; patient master index; patient mercuribenzoate; polychrome methylene medication instruction; perioperative myo- blue; polymorphonuclear basophil; polymyx- cardial infarction; photon migration imaging; in B; postmenopausal bleeding point of maximal impulse; point of maximal PMC  paramyotonia congenita; patient man- intensity; posterior myocardial infarction; agement category; percutaneous myocardial postmyocardial infarction; present medical channeling; peritoneal mesothelial cell; illness; previous medical illness phenylmercuric chloride; physical medicine PMIA  N-(1-pyrenamethyl)-iodoacetamide clinic; pleural mesothelial click; premature P−min  peak negative pressure mitral closure; probability of misclassifica- PMIS  postmyocardial infarction syndrome; tion; pseudomembranous colitis PSRO Management Information System Pmc  mean circulatory pressure PMK  pacemaker PMCC  product-moment correlation coeffi- PML  peripheral motor latency; polymorpho- cient nuclear leukocyte; posterior mitral leaflet; PMCH  pro–melanin-concentrating hormone progressive multifocal leukodystrophy; pro- PMCHL  pro–melanin-concentrating hor- gressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; mone–like prolapsing mitral leaflet; promyelocytic leu- PMC-RIS  patient management category kemia; pulmonary microlithiasis relative intensity score PMLD  Pelizaeus-Merzbacher–like disease PMCS  patient management computer simu- PMLE  polymorphous light eruption lation PMM  pentamethylmelamine; protoplast PMD  Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease; poste- maintenance medium rior mandibular depth; primary myocardial PMMA  polymethylmethacrylate disease; primary physician; private medicine PMMIS  Program Management and Medical doctor; programmed multiple development; Information System progressive muscular dystrophy PMN  polymorphonuclear; polymorphonu- PMDD  premenstrual dysphoric disorder clear neutrophil; premanufacture notification PMDF  proportion of maternal deaths among PMNC  percentage of multinucleated cells; women of reproductive age peripheral blood mononuclear cell pMDI  pressurized metered-dose inhalers PMNG  polymorphonuclear granulocyte PM/DM  polymyositis/dermatomyositis PMNL  peripheral blood monocytes and PMDS  peristent müllerian duct syndrome; polymorphonuclear leukocytes; polymor- primary myelodysplastic syndrome phonuclear leukocyte  342 PMNN  polymorphonuclear neutrophil PMTCT  prevention of mother-to-child trans- PMNR  periadenitis mucosa necrotica recur- mission rens PMTDI  provisional maximum tolerable PMNSG  Pravastatin Multinational Study daily intake Group PMTS  premenstrual tension syndrome PMO  postmenopausal osteoporosis; princi- PMTT  pulmonary mean transit time pal medical officer PMV  paramyxovirus; percutaneous mitral pmol  picomole balloon valvotomy; prolapse of mitral  pmol/L  picomoles per liter valve PMP  pain management program; paramag- pMV  prolapse of mitral valve netic particle; patient management problems; PMVI  peak myocardial video intensity patient management program; patient medi- PMVL  polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; cation profile; peripheral myelin protein;  posterior mitral valve leaflet peroxisomal membrane protein; persistent pMVL  posterior mitral valve leaflet mentoposterior; previous menstrual period PMW  pacemaker wires; patient manage- PMPM, pmpm  per member per month ment workstation PMPS  postmastectomy pain syndrome PMX  paired mesoderm homeobox [gene] PMPY  per member per year PN  papillary necrosis; parenteral nutrition; PMQ  phytylmenaquinone patient note; penicillin; perceived noise; per- PMR  paper medical record; patient meta- cussion note; periarteritis nodosa; perinatal; record; percutaneous myocardial revascular- peripheral nerve; peripheral neuropathy; ization; perinatal mortality rate; periodic Petri net; phrenic nerve; plaque neutral- medical review; physical medicine and reha- ization; pneumonia; polyarteritis nodosa; bilitation; polymyalgia rheumatica; primi- polyneuritis; polyneuropathy; polynuclear; done; prior medical record; progressive positional nystagmus; posterior nares; post- muscular relaxation; proportionate morbidity/ natal; practical nurse; predicted normal; pri- mortality ratio; proton magnetic resonance mary nurse; progress note; protease nexin; PM&R  physical medicine and rehabilitation psychiatry and neurology; psychoneurotic; PMRA  Pest Management Regulatory Agen- pyelonephritis; pyridine nucleotide cy P&N  psychiatry and neurology PMRG  Pimobendan Multicenter Research P/N  positive/negative Group; Postmastectomy Rehabilitation PN2  partial pressure of nitrogen Group P-5′-N  pyridine-5′-nucleosidase PMRS  physical medicine and rehabilitation Pn  pneumatic; pneumonia service pN  positive regional lymph node 31P-MRS, 31P-MRS  magnetic resonance pN0  no regional lymph node metastases spectroscopy with phosphorus 31 pN1  poorly differentiated myeloblasts PMS  patient management system; perimen- pN1a  tumor micrometastases [none larger strual syndrome; periodic movements during than 0.2 cm] sleep; phenazine methosulfate; polydactyly- pN1b  tumor metastases to lymph nodes myopia syndrome; postmarketing surveillance; [larger than 0.2 cm] postmenstrual stress; postmenstrual syndrome; pN1bi  tumor metastases to one to three postmeiotic segregation; postmitochondrial su- lymph nodes [from 0.2 to 2.0 cm] pernatant; Pravastatin Multinational Study; pN1bii  tumor metastases to four or more pregnant mare serum; premenstrual stress; pre- lymph nodes [0.2 to 2.0 cm] menstrual symptoms; premenstrual syndrome; pN1biii  tumor metastases beyond lymph progressive multiple sclerosis; psychotic motor node capsule [none larger than 2.0 cm] syndrome pN1biv  tumor metastases to lymph nodes PMSC  pediatric medical special care; plu- [larger than 2.0 cm] ripotent myeloid stem cell pN2  tumor metastases to ipsilateral axillary PMSF  phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride lymph nodes PMSG  pregnant mare serum gonadotropin pN3  tumor metastases to ipsilateral mam- PMSR  peptide methionine sulfoxide reduc- mary lymph nodes tase pn  pain PMT  pacemaker-modulated tachycardia; PNA  Paris Nomina Anatomica; peanut ag- parent management training; phenol O- glutinin; pentose nucleic acid; p-nitroaniline methyltransferase; photomultiplier tube; Por- PNa  plasma sodium teus maze test; premenstrual tension; pNA  p-nitroaniline pyridoxyl-methyl-tryptophan pNa  plasma sodium  343 PNAC  parenteral nutrition–associated cho- PNMK  pyridine nucleoside monophosphate lestasis kinase PNALD  parenteral nutrition–associated PNMR  postnatal mortality risk liver disease PNMT   phenyl-ethanolamine-N-methyl- PNAvQ  positive-negative ambivalent quo- transferase tient PNN  polynomial neural network; probabi- PNB  perineal needle biopsy; peripheral nerve listic neural network block; p-nitrobiphenyl; premature nodal beat PNO  principal nursing officer PNBA  p-nitrobenzoic acid p-NO2  p-nitrosochloramphenicol PNBT  p-nitroblue tetrazolium PNP  pancreatic polypeptide; paraneoplastic PNC  Pakistan Nursing Council; penicillin; pemphigus; para-nitrophenol; peak negative peripheral nucleated cell; pneumotaxic cen- pressure; pediatric nurse practitioner; periph- ter; premature nodal contracture; primitive eral neuropathy; pneumoperitoneum; poly- neuroendothelial cell neuropathy; predictive value of negative Pnc  pneumococcus results; psychogenic nocturnal polydipsia; PNCA  proliferating nuclear cell antigen purine nucleoside phosphorylase PNCB  Pediatric Nursing Certification Board P-NP  para-nitrophenol PNCG  preconditioned nonlinear conjugate PNPase  polynucleotide phosphorylase gradient PNPB  positive–negative pressure breathing PND  paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; partial PNPG  alpha-p-nitrophenylglycerol neck dissection; postnasal drainage; postna- PNPP  para-nitrophenylphosphate sal drip; postnatal death; prenatal diagnosis; PNPR  positive–negative pressure respira- principal neutralizing determinant; purulent tion nasal drainage PNS  paranasal sinuses; paraneoplastic syn- PNdb  perceived noise decibel drome; parasympathetic nervous system; PNDM  permanent neonatal diabetes melli- partial nonprogressive stroke; perinephric tus stranding; peripheral nerve stimulation; pe- PNDS  postnasal drip syndrome ripheral nervous system; posterior nasal PNE  peripheral neuroepithelioma; plasma spine; practical nursing student norepinephrine; pneumoencephalography; PNSA  partial negative surface area pseudomembranous necrotizing enterocolitis PNT  partial nodular transformation; patient; PNEM  paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis picture naming task PNET  peripheral neuroepithelioma; primi- Pnt  patient tive neuroectodermal tumor Pnthx  pneumothorax PNEU, pneu, pneum  pneumonia PNU  protein nitrogen unit PneumoADIP  Pneumococcal Vaccines PNUT  portable nursing unit terminal Accelerated Development and Introduction PNVIm  poly-N-vinyl imidazole Plan PNVX  pneumococcal vaccine PNF  proprioceptive neuromuscular facilita- Pnx  pneumothorax tion pNX  regional lymph node tumor metastases PNG  penicillin G cannot be assessed PNH  paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobin- PNZ  posterior necrotic zone uria; polynuclear hydrocarbon PO  by mouth, orally [Lat. per os]; parietal PNHA  Physicians National Housestaff As- operculum; parietooccipital; period of onset; sociation perioperative; posterior; postoperative; PNI  peripheral nerve injury; postnatal infec- power output; predominant organism; pulse tion; prognostic nutritional index oximetry PNID  Peer Nomination Inventory for De- PO2, PO2, pO2  partial pressure of oxygen pression Po  porion PNK  polynucleotide kinase; pyridoxine ki- Po  airway occlusion pressure; open proba- nase bility; opening pressure PNK(H)  pyridoxine kinase, high p.o.  by mouth, orally [Lat. per os] PNK(L)  pyridoxine kinase, low p/o  postoperative PNL  peripheral nerve lesion; polymorpho- POA  pancreatic oncofetal antigen; phalan- nuclear neutrophilic leukocyte geal osteoarthritis; preoptic area; primary PNLA  percutaneous needle lung aspiration optic atrophy PNM  perinatal mortality; peripheral dysos- POADS  postaxial acrofacial dysostosis syn- tosis, nasal hypoplasia, and mental retarda- drome tion [syndrome]; peripheral nerve myelin POAG  primary open-angle glaucoma  344 POA-HA  preoptic anterior hypothalamic Pol  polymerase area pol  polish, polishing POB  penicillin, oil, beeswax; phenoxyben- POLA  polymerase alpha zamine; place of birth pol-GIK  Polish Glucose-Insulin-Kalium POBA  plain-old balloon angioplasty [study] POBJ  physical object polio  poliomyelitis POC  particulate organic carbon; persistent POLIP  polyneuropathy, ophthalmoplegiam organohalogen compound; point of care; leukoencephalopathy, intestinal pseudoob- polyolefin copolymer; postoperative care; struction [syndrome] probability of chance; product of conception; Pol-MONICA  Polish Monitoring Trends proof of concept; pro-opiomelanocortin and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases POCD  postoperative cognitive dysfunction [study] POCS  prescription order communication POLONIA  Polish-American Local Lo- system; projection onto convex sets venox NIR Stent Assessment [study] POCT  point-of-care testing Poly  polymorphonuclear POD  peroxidase; place of death; podiatry; poly-A, poly(A)  polyadenylic acid polycystic ovary disease; pool of doctors; poly-C, poly(C)  polycytidylic acid postoperative day; pouch of Douglas; promy- poly(CPH)  poly[1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy) elocytic leukemia oncogenic domain hexane] POD1  first postoperative day poly-dA, poly(dA)  polydeoxyadenylic acid POD2  second postoperative day poly-G, poly(G)  polyguanylic acid PODx  preoperative diagnosis poly-I, poly(I)  polyinosinic acid POE  pediatric orthopedic examination; poly-IC, poly-I:C  copolymer of polyino- physician order entry; point of entry; sinic and polycytidylic acids polyoxyethylene; postoperative endophthal- polys  polymorphonuclear leukocytes mitis; proof of eligibility poly(SA)  poly(sebacic anhydride) POEA  polyoxyethylene amine poly-T, poly(T)  polythymidylic acid POEMS  Patient-Oriented Evidence that poly-U, poly(U)  polyuridylic acid Matters; polyneuropathy, organomegaly, en- POM  pain on motion; prescription-only docrinopathy, M protein, skin changes [syn- medicine; purulent otitis media drome] POMC  pro-opiomelanocortin POET  physician order entry term POMONA  pregnancy and postpartum, os- POF  pattern of failure; position of function; teoporosis, mastectomy rehabilitation, osteo- premature ovarian failure; primary ovarian arthritis, nerve pain, athletic injuries failure; pyruvate oxidation factor POMP  phase-offset multiplanar; principal PofE  portal of entry outer material protein POFX  X-linked premature ovarian failure POMR  problem-oriented medical record POG  Pediatric Oncology Group; polymyo- POMS  problem-oriented medical synopsis; sitis ossificans generalisata Profile of Mood States Pog  pogonion POMT  phenol O-methyltransferase POGO  percentage of glottic opening PON  paraoxonase; particulate organic ni- pOH  hydroxide ion concentration in a solu- trogen; Pollution and Toxicology Database tion pond  by weight [Lat. pondere]; heavy [Lat. POHI  physically or otherwise health ponderosus] impaired P-one  first parental generation POHS  presumed ocular histoplasmosis syn- PONV  postoperative nausea and vomiting drome POOV  Poovoot virus PoHV  pongine herpesvirus POP  diphosphate group; pain on palpation; PoHV 1, 2, 3  pongine herpesviruses 1, 2, 3 paroxypropione; pelvic organ prolapse; per- POI  Personal Orientation Inventory; piece sistent occipitoposterior; pituitary opioid of information peptide; plasma osmotic pressure; plaster of PoI  Pourcelot Index Paris; point of presence; polymyositis ossifi- poik  poikilocyte, poikilocytosis cans progressiva; post office protocol POIS  Parkland On-Line Information Sys- Pop  popliteal; population tems POPG  population group pois  poison, poisoned, poisoning POPLA  presurgical orthopedics, gingivo- POL  physician’s office laboratory; physi- periosteoplasty, and lip adhesion cians’ online; Pollution Abstracts; poly- POPLINE  Population Information Online merase poplit  popliteal  345 POPNO  pain of predominantly neuropathic POTS  plain-old telephone service; postural origin orthostatic tachycardia syndrome POPOP  1,4-bis-(5-phenoxazol-2-yl) benzene POTV  Potosi virus; Potiskum virus POPQ, POP-Q  pelvic organ prolapse PoTV  porcine torovirus quantification [system] POU  placenta, ovary, and uterus POPR  preoperative patient representation Pout  outflow pressure POPS  patient outcome plans; postoperative POV  physician order verification pacing study; pulmonary overpressurization PoV  portal vein syndrome PO2v  venous oxygen pressure pops  points of presence POW  Powassan [encephalitis] POQ  Patient Barriers Questionnaire powd  powder POR  patient-oriented research; physician of POWER  Patients Online for Wellness, Edu- record; postocclusive oscillatory response; cation and Research prevalence odds ratio; problem-oriented re- POWV  Powassan virus cord POX  point of exit PORC  porphyria, Chester type PP  diphosphate group; pink puffers [em- PORH  postoperative reactive hyperemia physema]; near point of accommodation PORP  partial ossicular replacement pros- [Lat. punctum proximum]; pacesetter po- thesis tential; palmoplantar; pancreatic polypep- PORT  Patient Outcomes Research Teams tide; paradoxic pulse; paraplatin; parietal [study]; Pneumonia Outcomes Research pericardium; parietal pulse; partial pressure; Team; postoperative radiation therapy; post- perfusion pressure; peritoneal pseudomyx- operative respiratory therapy oma; persisting proteinuria; Peyer patches; PORV  Porton virus photoplethysmography; pinprick; placental PoRV  porcine rubulavirus protein; placenta previa; planned parent- PoRV-C  porcine rotavirus Cowden hood; plaque psoriasis; plasma pepsinogen; PoRV-E/DC9  porcine rotavirus DC-9 plasmapheresis; plasma protein; plaster of POS  periosteal osteosarcoma; physician Paris; polypropylene; polystyrene aggluti- order set; point of service; polycystic ovary nation plate; population planning; posterior syndrome; provider of services; psychoor- papillary; posterior pituitary; postpartum; ganic syndrome postprandial; precocious puberty; preferred pos  position; positive provider; primary provider; primer protein; POSC  problem-oriented system of charting primipara; private practice; proactivator POSCH  Program on Surgical Control of plasminogen; protein phosphatase; protopor- Hyperlipidemia phyria; protoporphyrin; proximal phalanx; POSM  patient-operated selector mecha- prudent practices; pseudomyxoma perito- nism nei; pterygoid process; pulmonary pressure; pOsm  plasma osmolality pulse pressure; pulsus paradoxus; purulent POSS  persistent object storage system; pericarditis; pyrophosphatase; pyrophos- proximal over-shoulder strap phate POSSUM  Pictures of Standard Syndromes P-P  prothrombin proconvertin and Undiagnosed Malformations; Physiolog- PP1  protein phosphatase type 1 ical and Operative Severity Score for the P-5′-P  pyridoxal-5′-phosphate Enumeration of Morbidity and Mortality PP1  free pyrophosphate [study] Pp  plateau pressure POST  posterior; Predictors and Outcomes pp  near point of accommodation [Lat. punc- of Stent Thrombosis [study] tum proximum]; postpartum; postprandial Post, post  posterior p-p  peak to peak POST-CARG  post–coronary artery bypass PPA  palpation, percussion, auscultation; graft pepsin A; phenylpropanolamine; phenylpy- postgangl  postganglionic ruvic acid; Pittsburgh pneumonia agent; plas- POST LAT  posterolateral mid profile analysis; polyphosphoric acid; postop, post-op  postoperative positive predictive accuracy; posterior mar- Post Pit  posterior pituitary [gland] gin of pulmonary artery; posterior pulmonary postSA  postoperative spherical aberration artery; postpartum amenorrhea; postpill POT  periostitis ossificans toxica; postopera- amenorrhea; preferred provider arrangement; tive treatment; precursor onset time prescription-pricing authority; primary pro- pot  potassium; potential gressive aphasia; propanolamine; pure pul- potass  potassium monary atresia  346 PP&A  palpation, percussion, and ausculta- PPE  palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia; per- tion sonal protective equipment; polyphosphoric PP2A  protein phosphatase type 2A ester; porcine pancreatic elastase; probabilis- Ppa  pulmonary artery pressure tic population estimation; pulmonary perme- PP2Ac  catalytic subunit of protein phos- ability edema phatase type 2A Ppeak  peak cycling respiratory pressure PPACK  L-propyl-p-phenylalanyl-chlorometh- PPES  palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia ylketone syndrome PP2AD  dimeric protein phosphatase type PPET  patient-physician encounter table 2A PPF  pellagra preventive factor; phagocyto- PPAF  progressive perivenular alcoholic fi- sis promoting factor; phosphonoformate; brosis plasma protein fraction PPAR  peroxisome proliferator activated re- PPFA  Planned Parenthood Federation of ceptor America PPAS  peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis PPG  peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum; PPase  protein phosphatase phonopneumography; photoelectric plethys- Ppaw  pulmonary artery wedge pressure mography; photoplethysmography; platelet PPB  parts per billion; plasmatic protein proteoglycan; portal pressure gradient binding; platelet-poor blood; pneumococcal ppg  picopicogram pneumonia and bacteremia; positive pressure PPGA  postpill galactorrhea-amenorrhea breathing PPGB  protective protein of beta-galactosi- PPb  postparotid basic protein dase ppb  parts per billion PPGF  polypeptide growth factor PPBP  pro-platelet basic protein PPGP  prepaid group practice PPBS  postprandial blood sugar ppGpp   3′-pyrophosphoryl-guanosine-5′- PPBV  Phnom Penh bat virus diphosphate PPC  patient-physician communication; pen- PPGSS  papular-purpuric gloves-and-socks tose phosphate cycle; peripheral posterior syndrome curve; plasma protein concentration; plasma PPH  past pertinent history; persistent pul- prothrombin conversion; pneumopericardi- monary hypertension; phosphopyruvate hy- um; pocket personal computer; posterior  dratase; postpartum hemorrhage; primary parietal cortex; progressive patient care; prevention of hypertension; primary pulmo- proximal palmar crease nary hypertension; protocollagen proline hy- PP1c  protein phosphatase type 1, catalytic droxylase subunit pph  parts per hundred PP2C  protein phosphatase type 2C pphm  parts per hundred million PPCA  plasma prothrombin conversion ac- PPHN  persistent pulmonary hypertension celerator; proserum prothrombin conversion of the newborn accelerator PPHP  pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism PPCD  polymorphous posterior corneal dys- ppht  parts per hundred thousand tropy PPI  partial permanent impairment; patient PPCE  postproline cleaving enzyme package insert; patient physiologic image; PPCF  peripartum cardiac failure; plasma perceived penile inadequacy; permanent prothrombin conversion factor pacemaker insertion; post pacing interval; PPCM  postpartum cardiomyopathy present pain intensity; proton pump inhibitor; PPCRA  pigmented paravenous chorioreti- purified porcine insulin nal atrophy PPi, PPi  inorganic pyrophosphate PPD  packs per day; paraphenylenediamine; PPIA  parental presence during induction of percussion and postural drainage; permanent anesthesia; Physicians Professional Indem- partial disability; phenyldiphenyloxadiazole; nity Association pigmented purpuric dermatoses; postpartum PPIase  peptidyl-prolyl isomerase day; primary physical dependence; progres- PPID  peak pain intensity difference sive perceptive deafness; purified protein PPIE  prolonged postictal encephalopathy derivative PPK  palmoplantar keratosis; prekallikrein PPDS  phonologic programming deficit syn- PPL  penicilloyl polylysine; posterior pulmo- drome nary leaflet PPD-S  purified protein derivative-standard Ppl  intrapleural pressure; pleural pressure PPD-T  purified protein derivative stabilized Pplat  plateau pressure with Tween PPLO  pleuropneumonia-like organism  347 PPM  parts per million; permanent pace- PP1RG  protein phosphatase type 1, regula- maker; phosphopentomutase; physician  tory subunit practice management; pigmented pupillary PPRM  Portable Patient Record Model membrane; posterior papillary muscle; pulse PPROM  preterm premature rupture of fetal position modulated membranes ppm  parts per million; pulses per minute PPRV  peste des petits ruminants (ovine PPMA  progressive postmyelitis muscular rinderpest) virus atrophy PPRWP  poor precordial R-wave progres- PPMD  Provincial Performance Manage- sion ment Database PPS  Paris Prospective Study; pentosan PPMS  Performax’s Personal Matrix Sys- polysulfate sodium; Personal Preference tem; primary progressive multiple sclerosis Scale; physician, patient and society; polyva- PPN  partial parenteral nutrition; parameter- lent pneumococcal polysaccharide; popliteal ized Petri net; pedunculopontine nucleus pterygium syndrome; postpartum steriliza- PPNA  peak phrenic nerve activity tion; postperfusion syndrome; postpericardi- PPNAD  primary pigmented nodular adre- otomy syndrome; postpolio syndrome; nocortical disease postpump syndrome; prescription prepara- PPNG  penicillinase-producing Neisseria tion system; primary acquired preleukemic gonorrhoeae syndrome; prospective payment system; pro- PPNTI  perioperative peripheral nerve trac- spective pricing system; protein plasma sub- tion injury stitute; pulse per second PPO  platelet peroxidase; preferred provider PPSC  Play Performance Scale for Children option; preferred provider organization; pro- PPSH  pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypo- toporphyrin oxidase spadias P&PO  principles and practice of oncology PP1SR  protein phosphatase type 1, sarco- PPOCD  postpartum obsessive-compulsive plasmic reticulum disorder PPSTH  population poststimulus time histo- PPP  pain perception profile; palatopharyn- gram goplasty; palmoplantar pustulosis; pearly PPSV  pneumococcal polysaccharide vac- penile papules; pentose phosphate pathway; cine; pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent peripheral pulse present; photostimulable PPSV23  23-valent pneumococcal polysac- phosphor plate; Pickford projective pictures; charide vaccine platelet-poor plasma; pluripotent progenitor; PPT  parietal pleural tissue; partial pro- point-to-point protocol; polyphoretic phos- thrombin time; parts per thousand; parts phate; porcine pancreatic polypeptide; portal per trillion; peak-to-peak threshold; pedun- perfusion pressure; Prospective Pravastatin culopontine tegmental; Pfeiffer-Palm-Teller Pooling [project]; protein phosphatase; puri- [syndrome]; physical performance test; plant fied placental protein protease test; Polyp Prevention Trial; poly- PPPA  protein phosphatase alpha purine tract; postpartum thyroiditis; posterior PPPBL  peripheral pulses palpable both legs pelvic tilt; preprotachykinin; pressure pain PPPD  pylorus-preserving pancreatoduode- threshold; pulmonary physical therapy; pul- nectomy monary platelet trapping PPPI  primary private practice insurance ppt  parts per thousand; parts per trillion; PPPMA  progressive postpolio muscle precipitate, precipitation; prepared atrophy pptd  precipitated PPPP  porokeratosis punctata palmaris et PPTL  postpartum tubal ligation plantaris PPTS  pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate PPR  patient-provider relationship; penta­ PPV  Parapoxvirus, parapoxvirus; pneumo- tricopeptide repeat; percentage of pre- coccal polysaccharide vaccine; porcine par- dicted recovery; photoparoxysmal response; vovirus; positive predictive value; positive physician-patient relationship; physician pay- pressure ventilation; Precarious Point virus; ment reform; posterior primary ramus; Price progressive pneumonia virus; pulmonary precipitation reaction plasma volume PPr  paraprosthetic PPVr  regional pulmonary plasma volume PPRC  Physician Payment Review Commis- PPVT  Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test sion PPVT-R  Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, PPRF  paramedian pontine reticular forma- Revised tion; pontine perireticular formation; post- PPW  patient protective wrap partum renal failure Ppw  pulmonary wedge pressure  348 PPX  protein phosphatase X Cardiac Infarction and Left Ventricular Func- PPX1  protein phosphatase X type 1 tion PPX2  protein phosphatase X type 2 PRAGMATIC  pregnancy, rheumatoid ar- PPY  pancreatic polypeptide thritis, acromegaly, glucose metabolism dis- PPYLL  potentially productive years of life orders, mechanical injury, amyloid, thyroid lost disease, infectious disease, crystals in gout or PPyV  baboon polyomavirus 2 pseudogout [mnemonic] PQ  paraquat; parent questionnaire; per- PRAGUE  Primary Angioplasty After Trans- meability quotient; physician’s question- fer of Patients from General Community naire; plastoquinone; pronator quadratus; Hospitals to Catheterization Units with or pyrimethamine-quinine Without Emergency Thrombolytic Infusion pQCT  peripheral quantitative computed to- [study] mography PrA-HPA  protein A hemolytic plaque PQI  process quality improvement assay PQOL  Perceived Quality of Life PRAI  pattern recognition and artificial intel- PQQ  pyrroloquinoline quinone ligence P-QRS  QRS P potential PRAISE  Prospective Randomized Amlodip- PQRST  Probucol Quantitative Regression ine Survival Evaluation Swedish Trial; provocative and palliative PRAM  pressure-recording analytic method factors, quality of pain, radiation of pain, se- PRAMS  Pregnancy Risk Assessment Moni- verity of pain, timing of pain toring System PR  by rectum [Lat. per rectum]; far point of PRANN  prediction recurrent artificial neu- accommodation [Lat. punctum remotum]; ral network palindromic rheumatism; parallax and refrac- PRAS  pre-reduced anaerobically sterilized; tion; partial reinforcement; partial remission; pseudo–renal artery syndrome partial response; particulate respirator; peer PRB  basic proline-rich protein; Prosthetics review; perfusion rate; peripheral resistance; Research Board per rectum; phenol red; photoreaction; pho- pRB, pRb  retinoblastoma protein toresist; physical rehabilitation; pityriasis PRBC  packed red blood cells; placental re- rosea; police report; posterior root; postmy- sidual blood volume algia rheumatica; postural reflex; potency pRB-P  phosphorylated form of retinoblas- ratio; preference record; pregnancy; preg- toma protein nancy rate; preretinal; pressoreceptor; pres- PRBS  pseudorandom binary sequence sure; prevention; Preyer reflex; proctology; PRBV  placental residual blood volume production rate; profile; progesterone recep- PRC  packed red cells; peer review commit- tor; progressive relaxation; progressive resis- tee; phase response curve; plasma renin con- tance; progress report; prolactin; prolonged centration; professional review committee; remission; propranolol; prosthion; protease; proximal row carpectomy protective ratio; protein; public relations; PRCA  pure red cell aplasia pulmonary regurgitation; pulmonary reha- pRCA  posterior right coronary artery bilitation; pulse rate; pulse repetition; pyra- PRCCT  prospective randomized controlled midal response clinical trial P-R  interval between P wave and beginning PRCF  peak response coarse frequency of the QRS complex [ECG] PRCG  Polak-Ribiere conjugate gradient P&R  pelvic and rectal; pulse and respiration PRCoV, PRCV  porcine respiratory corona- Pr  praseodymium; prednisolone; presby- virus opia; primary; prism; production, production PRD  partial reaction of degeneration; pa- rate; productivity; prolactin; prone position- tient reference dossier; physician relations ing; propyl department; Pitt-Rogers-Danks [syndrome]; pr  far point of accommodation [Lat. punc- postradiation dysplasia tum remotum]; pair; per rectum; prism PRDBPC  prospective randomized double PRA  panel-reactive antibody; patient re- blind placebo controlled cord architecture; percent reactive antibody; PRDP  Provincial Resource Directory Proj- phosphoribosylamine; physician recognition ect award; plasma renin activity; progesterone PRDS  Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome receptor assay; proximal reference axis PRE  photoreacting enzyme; physician report prac, pract  practice, practitioner of examination; pigmented retinal epitheli- PRACTICAL  Placebo-Controlled Random- um; preliminary evaluation; preplacement ized ACE Inhibition Comparative Trial in examination; progressive resistive exercise;  349 prospective randomized evaluation; proton spective Randomized Evaluation of the Vas- relaxation enhancement cular Effects of Norvasc Trial pre  preliminary; preparation, prepare; pre- PREVMEDU  preventive medicine unit treatment PREZ  posterior root entry zone PREA  Pediatric Research Equity Act PRISMA  preferred reporting items for sys- pre-AIDS  pre–acquired immune deficiency tematic reviews and meta-analyses syndrome PRF  partial reinforcement; patient report pre-amp  preliminary amplifier form; peak repetition frequency; perforin; PRECEDE  predisposing, reinforcing, and plasma recognition factor; pontine reticular enabling causes in educational diagnosis and formation; postrepetition frequency; progres- evaluation sive renal failure; prolactin releasing factor; precip  precipitate, precipitated, precipita- pulse repetition frequency tion pRF  polyclonal rheumatoid factor PRECISE  Prospective Randomized Evalua- PRFF  peak response, fine frequency tion of Carvedilol in Symptoms and Exercise PRFLE  Prospective Randomized Flose- [trial] quinan Longevity Evaluation pre-CRT Hb  prechemoradiotherapy hemo- PRFM  platelet-rich fibrin matrix; premature globin rupture of fetal membranes PRED  prednisone PRG  phleborheography; purge PREDICT  Prospective Randomized Evalua- PRGS  phosphoribosylglycineamide synthe- tion of Diltiazem CD Trial tase PREFACE  Pravastatin-Related Effects Fol- PRH  past relevant history; postrepetition lowing Angioplasty on Coronary Endotheli- frequency [Doppler]; prolactin-releasing hor- um [study] mone prefd  preferred PrH  propositus hypoglossi PREFER  Patient Randomization to Either PRHCIT  Project for Rural Health Communi- Femoral or Radial Catheterization [trial] cation and Information Technologies preg, pregn  pregnancy, pregnant PRHHP  Puerto Rico Heart Health Pro- prelim  preliminary gram prem  premature, prematurity PRI  Pain Rating Index; patient review in- PreMACE  prednisone, methotrexate, Adria- strument; phosphate reabsorption index; mycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide phosphoribose isomerase; placental ribonu- PREMIS  Prehospital Myocardial Infarction clease inhibitor Study P-RIA  polyclonal radioimmunoassay pre-mRNA  precursor messenger ribonu- PRIAS  Packard radioimmunoassay system cleic acid PRICE  protection, relative rest, ice, com- preop, pre-op  preoperative pression, elevation PREP  pattern reversal electrical potential; PRICEMM  protection, relative rest, ice, Physician Review and Enhancement Pro- compression, elevation, modalities, medica- gram tion prep, prepd  prepare, prepared PRICES  physician modalities, rehabilita- pRER  peak respiratory exchange ratio tion, injections, cross-training, evaluation, Pres  resistive pressure salicylates; protection, rest, ice, compression, PRESEP  Pediatric Rural Emergency System elevation, support and Education Project PRIDE  Parents Resource Institute for Drug preserv  preservation, preserve, pre- Education; Platelet Aggregation and Recep- served tor Occupancy with Integrilin-A Dynamic PRESERVE  Prospective Randomized Enala- Evaluation [study]; Primary Implantable De- pril Study Evaluating Regression of Ven- fibrillator [study] tricular Enlargement PRIH  prolactin release–inhibiting hormone PRESS  Percutaneous Retroperitoneal Spleno- PRIM  primase renal Shunt [study]; point-resolved spectros- PRIMA  Primary Care Information Across copy Anglia press  pressure PRIME  preinversion multiecho; Prematricu- PREV  Pretoria virus lation Program in Medical Education; Pro- prev  prevention, preventive; previous motion of Reperfusion by Inhibition of PREVENT  Program in Ex Vivo Vein Graft Thrombin During Myocardial Infarction Engineering via Transfection; Proliferation Evaluation [study]; Promotion of Reperfu- Reduction Using Vascular Energy Trial; Pro- sion in Myocardial Infarction Evolution  350 [study]; Prospective Randomized Ibopamine PRNT  plaque reduction neutralization test Mortality Evaluation [study]; Prospective PRO  peer review organization; physician Randomized Study of Ibopamine on Mortal- review organization; Professional Review ity and Efficacy in Heart Failure Organization; pronation; protease; protein PRIME-MD  Primary Care Evaluation of Pro  proline; prophylactic; prothrombin Mental Disorders pro  protein PRIMEROSE  probabilistic rule based on PROACT  Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Throm- rough sets bolysis Trial; Prourokinase in Acute Cerebral PRIMEX  primary care extender Thromboembolism [trial]; Prourokinase in PRIMI  Prourokinase in Myocardial Infarc- Acute Thromboembolic Stroke [trial] tion [trial] ProACT  professionally advanced care team primip  primipara prob  probable PRINCE  prevention of radiocontrast-in- PROBE  Prospective, Randomized, Open duced nephropathy evaluation Blinded Endpoint Trial; Prospective, Ran- PRIND  prolonged reversible ischemic neu- domized, Open Trial with Blinded Endpoint rologic deficit Evaluation PRINS  primed in situ PROC  protein C PRI(S)  pain rating intensity score proc  procedure; proceedings; process PRISAM  Primary Stenting for Acute Myo- PROCAM  Prospective Cardiovascular Mün- cardial Infarction [trial] ster Study PRISE  Primary Care Sharing the Evidence PROC GLM  general linear model proce- PRISM  pediatric risk of mortality; Platelet dure Receptor Inhibition in Ischemic Syndrome proct, procto  proctologist, proctology; Management [study] proctoscopy PRISM-PLUS  Platelet Receptor Inhibition prod  production, product in Ischemic Syndrome Management in Pa- PROFET  Prevention of Falls in the Elderly tients Limited by Unstable Signs and Symp- Trial toms [study] prog  progress, progressive PRISMS  Prevention of Relapses and Dis- progn  prognosis ability by Interferon Beta-1a Subcutaneously PROGRESS  Perindopril Protection Against in Multiple Sclerosis [study] Recurrent Stroke Study PRIST  paper radioimmunosorbent test proGRP  pro-gastrin-releasing peptide PRISTINE  Praxilene in Stroke Treatment in PROH  propyl-4-hydrolase Northern Europe [study] PROHB  propyl-4-hydrolase beta PRK  photorefractive keratectomy; primary PROLOG  Precursor to EPILOG [study]; rabbit kidney programming in logic PRKAR  protein kinase, cyclic adenosine prolong  prolongation, prolonged monophosphate dependent, regulatory PROM  passive range of motion; premature PRKAR1A  protein kinase, cyclic adenosine rupture of fetal membranes; programmable monophosphate dependent, regulatory, type read-only memory; prolonged rupture of fetal 1 alpha membranes; prosthetic range of motion PRKC  protein kinase C PROMIS  Problem-Oriented Medical Infor- PRKCA  protein kinase C alpha mation System PRL, Prl  prolactin PROMISE  Prospective Randomized Milri- PRLR  prolactin receptor none Survival Evaluation [study] PRM  phosphoribomutase; photoreceptor PROMM  proximal myotonic myopathy membrane; premature rupture of membranes; PROMPTOR-FM  probabilistic method of primary reference material; primidone; prot- prompting for test ordering in family medi- amine cine PrM  preventive medicine pron  pronation, pronator PRMS  percent root mean square PROP  propranolol PRMSE  percent root mean square error ProPAC  Prospective Payment Assessment PRMST  progressive resistance muscle Commission strength training PRO-PBP  pro-platelet basic protein PRN  as needed [Lat. pro re nata]; pertactin; PROPC  professional point of care Physicians Research Network; polyradiculo- proph  prophylactic, prophylaxis neuropathy; prion; protectin proPO  prophenoloxidase p.r.n.  as needed [Lat. pro re nata] ProRS  propyl transfer ribonucleic acid syn- PRNP  prion protein thase  351 PROS  Pediatric Research in Office Settings; PRT  patient record tree; Penicillium roque- protein S forti toxin; pharmaceutical research and pros  prostate, prostatic testing; phosphoribosyl transferase; pivot re- PROSIT  proteinuria screening and interven- peatability test; positional release technique; tion postoperative respiratory therapy; prospec- PROSP  protein S pseudogene tive randomized trial PROSPECT  Proscar Safety Plus Efficacy PrT  protein truncation Canadian Two-Year Study PRTD  proximal renal tubular dysfunction PROSPER  Prospective Study of Pravastatin PRTH  pituitary resistance to thyroid hor- in the Elderly at Risk mone PROST  pronuclear stage transfer PRTH-C  prothrombin time control PROSTATE  Physicians for Rational Order- PRTN  proteinase ing and Screening Tests and Therapeutic Ef- PRTS  Partington syndrome fectiveness PRU  peripheral resistance unit prosth  prosthesis, prosthetic PRUJ  proximal radioulnar joint PROTECT  Perindopril Regression of Vascu- PRV  Paroo River virus; planning organ at lar Thickening European Community Trial; risk volume; polycythemia rubra vera; poste- Prospective Reinfarction in the Thrombolytic rior right ventricle; pseudorabies virus; py- Era: Cardizem-CD Trial thon orthoreovirus PROTO  protoporphyrin; protoporphyrinogen PRVC  pressure-regulated volume control pro-u-PA  proenzyme urokinase plasmino- PRVEP  pattern reversal visual evoked po- gen activator tential prov  provisional PRW  polymerized ragweed PROVED  Prospective Randomized Study PRX  pseudoexfoliation of Ventricular Failure and the Efficacy of Di- Prx  prognosis goxin prx  proximal PROW  Protein Review on the Web PRZF  pyrazofurin prox  proximal PS  pacemaker syndrome; pain stimulation; PRP  photolyase regulatory protein; physi- paired stimulation; pancreozymin secre- ologic rest position; pityriasis rubra pila- tin; paradoxic sleep; paralaryngeal space; ris; platelet-rich plasma; polyribosyl ribitol paranoid schizophrenia; paraspinal; para- phosphate; postural rest position; pressure sympathetic; Parkinson syndrome; parotid si- rate product; primary Raynaud phenom- alography; partial saturation; partial seizure; enon; progressive rubella panencephalitis; pathologic stage; patient serum; pediatric proliferative retinopathy photocoagulation; site [database, Italy]; pediatric surgery; per- proline-rich protein; Psychotic Reaction Pro- formance status; performing scale; periodic file; pulse repetition period syndrome; phosphate saline; phosphatidyl PrP, Prp  prion protein serine; photosensitivity, photosensitization; PRPG  platelet-rich plasma gel photosynthesis; phrenic stimulation; physi- PRPH  peripherin cal status; physiologic saline; phytosterol; PRPLND  primary retroperitoneal lymph pixel size; plastic surgery; polysaccharide; node dissection polystyrene; population sample; population PRPP  phosphoribosylpyrophosphate spike; Porter-Silber [chromogen]; postcardi- PRPS  prostatic secretory protein otomy shock; posterior synechiae; posterior PRP  peak response phase synechiotomy; posteroseptal; postmaturity PRQ  personal resources questionnaire syndrome; precursor state; prescription; pre- PRR  pattern recognition receptor; proton senilin; presenting symptom; pressure sore; relaxation rate; pulse repetition rate pressure support; prestimulus; procedural se- PrR  progesterone receptor dation; programmed symbol; prostatic secre- PRRB  Provider Reimbursement Review tion; protamine sulfate; proteasome; protein Board S; protein synthesis; Proteus syndrome; P PRRE  pupils round, regular, and equal selectin; psychiatric; pulmonary sequestra- PR-RSV  Prague Rous sarcoma virus tion; pulmonary stenosis; pulse sequence; PRRT  peptide receptor radionuclide therapy pyloric stenosis PRS  Personality Rating Scale; Pierre Robin P&S  paracentesis and suction syndrome; plasma renin substrate; Prieto P/S  polisher-stimulator; polyunsaturated/ syndrome; proctorectosigmoidoscopy saturated PRSIS  Prospective Rate Setting Information Ps  prescription; Pseudomonas; psoriasis System Ps  systolic pressure  352 ps  per second; picosecond distortion; posterior sagittal diameter; post- pS2  trefoil factor 1 stroke depression; postsynaptic density; PSA  pacemaker system analysis; paraster- power spectral density; prevention of signifi- nal short axis; physical sexual abuse; pleo- cant deterioration; Protein Sequence Data- morphic salivary gland adenoma; polar base; psychological symptoms of dementia; surface area; polyethylene sulfonic acid; psychosomatic disease polysaccharide adhesin; polysialic acid; pos- PSDA  Patient Self-Determination Act; psy- terior spinal artery; power spectrum analysis; choactive substance abuse and dependence primary sampling unit; professional services PSDES  primary symptomatic diffuse esoph- agreement; progressive spinal ataxia; pro- ageal spasm longed sleep apnea; prostate-specific antigen; PSE  Pain Self-Efficacy [scale]; paradoxic protein S alpha; pseudoaneurysm; psoriatic systolic expansion; penicillin-sensitive en- arthritis zyme; portal systemic encephalopathy; Pres- PS/A  polysaccharide adhesin ent State Examination; purified spleen  PsA  psoriatic arthritis extract Psa  systemic blood pressure psec  picosecond PSAAMI  Primary Stenting vs. Angioplasty PSEK  progressive symmetric erythrokerato- in Acute Myocardial Infarction [trial] derma PSAC  President’s Science Advisory Com- PSEN1  presenilin 1 gene mittee PSEN2  presenilin 2 gene PSACH  pseudoachondrodysplasia PSEP  post–sexual exposure prophylaxis PSAD  prostate-specific antigen density; pseudo-BTX  pseudobatrachotoxin psychoactive substance abuse and depen- PSF  peak scatter factor; peptide supply fac- dence tor; point spread function; posterior spinal PSAG  pelvic sonoangiography fusion; prostacyclin stabilizing factor; pseu- PSAGN  poststreptococcal acute glomerulo- dosarcomatous fasciitis nephritis PSG  peak systolic gradient; phosphate, PSAn  psychoanalysis saline, and glucose; polysomnogram;  PSA-NCAM  polysialic acid neuronal cell pregnancy-specific glycoprotein; presystolic adhesion molecule gallop; programmable sound generator PSAP  peak systolic aortic pressure; per- PSGL  P selectin glycoprotein ligand sonal sound amplification product; primary PSGN  poststreptococcal glomerulonephri- public safety answering point; prosaposin; tis pulmonary surfactant apoprotein PSH  past surgical history; postspinal head- P/SAT  pediatric severity assessment ache PSB  protected specimen brush; protein S PsHD  pseudo–heart disease beta PSHV  pulmonary syndrome hantavirus PSbetaG, PSBG  pregnancy-specific beta- PsHV  psittacid herpesvirus 1-glycoprotein PSI  parenting stress inventory; pneumonia PSC  patient services coordination; periph- severity index; pollutant standard index; pos- eral stem cell; Plasma Single Nucleotide terior sagittal index; problem-solving infor- Polymorphism Consortium; pluripotential mation; prostaglandin synthetic inhibitor; stem cell; Porter-Silber chromogen; posterior Psychiatric Society for Informatics; psycho- subcapsular cataract; primary sclerosing logical services index; psychosomatic inven- cholangitis; professional service corporation; tory; purified photosystem I prospective studies collaboration; protea- psi  pounds per square inch some component; pulse synchronized con- psia  pounds per square inch absolute tractions PSI-BLAST  position-specific iterated basic PS-CF  pancreatic-sufficient cystic fibrosis local alignment search tool PsChE  pseudocholinesterase PSICU  pediatric surgical intensive care PSCI  Primary Self Concept Inventory unit Psci  pressure at slow component intercept pSIDS  partially unexplained sudden infant PSCM  problem space computational model death syndrome PSCT  peripheral stem cell transplantation PSIFT  platelet suspension immunofluores- PSD  particle size distribution; peptone, cence test starch, and dextrose; percutaneous stricture PSIL  percentage signal intensity loss; pre- dilatation; periodic synchronous discharge; ferred frequency speech interference level phase-sensitive detector; pilonidal sinus dis- PSIS  posterior sacroiliac spine ease; poststenosis dilation; pituitary stalk PSK  protein serine kinase  353 PSL  parasternal line; photostimulable lumi- systemic sclerosis; psoriasis severity scale; nescence; potassium, sodium chloride, and Psychiatric Status Schedule; pure sensory sodium lactate; prednisolone stroke PSM  patient self-management; patient- pSS  primary Sjögren syndrome specific mortality; personal status monitor; PSSE  partial saturation spin echo polymerase chain reaction [PCR]–mediated  PSSS  perceived stress support scale site-directed mutagenesis; postmitochondrial PST  pancreatic suppression test; paralytic supernatant; presystolic murmur; problem- shellfish toxin; paroxysmal supraventricular solving method tachycardia; patient-specific therapy; peni- psm  patient-specific mortality cillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline; pe- PSMA  prostate-specific membrane antigen; noscrotal transposition; peristimulus time; proximal spinal muscular atrophy phenolsulfotransferase; platelet survival PSMed  psychosomatic medicine time; posterior sinus tympani; poststenotic; PSMF  protein-sparing modified fast poststimulus time; prefrontal sonic treat- PSMS  Physical Self-Maintenance Scale ment; problem-solving therapy; protein- PSMT  psychiatric services management sparing therapy; proximal straight tubule team PSTAF  Pilsicainide Suppression Trial of PSN  provider service network Atrial Fibrillation PSNR  peak signal/noise ratio PSTE  phase space time evolution PSO  proximal subungual onychomycosis PSTH  poststimulus time histogram PSO  provider-sponsored organization PSTI  pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor PSOM  probabilistic self-organizing map PSTN  public switched telephone network PSP  pancreatic spasmolytic peptide; para- PSTV  potato spindle tuber virus lytic shellfish poisoning; parathyroid secre- PSU  patient service unit; photosynthetic tory protein; peak systolic pressure; periodic unit; primary sampling unit short pulse; Personal and Social Perfor- PSurg  plastic surgery mance; phenolsulfonphthalein; phosphoser- PSV  papular stomatitis virus; peak systolic ine phosphatase; photostimulable phosphor velocity; pressure-support ventilation; Punta plate; positive spike pattern; posterior spinal Salinas virus process; postsynaptic potential; prednisone pSV  simian vacuolating virus plasmid sodium phosphate; primary spontaneous PSV23  23-valent pneumococcal polysac- pneumothorax; progressive supranuclear charide vaccine palsy; prostatic secretory protein; pseudo- PSVER  pattern shift visual evoked response pregnancy; pulmonary surfactant apoprotein PSVT  paroxysmal supraventricular tachy- PspA  pneumococcal surface protein A cardia PSPR  particle surface plasmon resonance PSW  positive sharp wave; primary surgical PSPS  secretory pancreatic stone protein ward; psychiatric social worker PSPV  psittacinepox virus PSWT  psychiatric social work training PSQ  Parent Symptom Questionnaire; Pa- PSX  pseudoexfoliation tient Satisfaction Questionnaire Psy  psychiatry; psychology PSQI  Pittsburgh sleep quality index psych  psychological, psychology PsqO2  subcutaneous tissue oximetry PSYCHE  Psychiatry Educator PSR  pain sensitivity range; perspective sur- psychiat  psychiatric, psychiatry face rendering; portal systemic resistance; psychoan  psychoanalysis, psychoanalyti- posteroseptal right atrium; poststreptococcal cal reactive arthritis; pressure sore risk assess- psychol  psychologic, psychology ment; proliferative sickle retinopathy; pul- psychopath  psychopathologic, psychopa- monary stretch receptor thology PSRC  Plastic Surgery Research Council psychosom  psychosomatic PSRO  Professional Standards Review Or- psychother  psychotherapy ganization psy-path  psychopathic PSS  painful shoulder syndrome; pain sensa- Ps-ZES  pseudo–Zollinger-Ellison syndrome tion score; patient scheduling system; patient PT  pain thermometer; pain threshold; pan- stimulation stack; perceived stress scale; per- creatic transplantation; parathormone; para- formance support system; phenotypic sus- thyroid; paroxysmal tachycardia; part time; ceptibility score; physiologic saline solution; patient; pericardial tamponade; permanent polystyrene sulfonate; porcine stress syn- and total; phage type; pharmacy and thera- drome; primary Sjögren syndrome; progres- peutics; phenytoin; phosphorothioate; photo- sive systemic scleroderma; progressive phobia; phototoxicity; physical therapist,  354 physical therapy; physical training; physio- PTC  papillary thyroid carcinoma; percutane- therapy; pine tar; plasma thromboplastin; ous transhepatic cholangiography; phase pluridirectional tomography; pneumothorax; transfer catalyst; phenothiocarbazine; phen- polynomial transform; polyvalent tolerance; ylthiocarbamide; phenylthiocarbamoyl; plas- position tracking; posterior tibial; postte­ ma thromboplastin component; plugged tanic; posttransfusion; posttransplantation;  telescopic catheter; posttetanic count; prema- posttraumatic; preferred term; premature ter- ture termination codon; premature tricuspid mination; preoperative therapy; preterm; pre- closure; prior to conception; prothrombin ventive therapy; previously treated; primary complex; pseudotumor cerebri tumor; propylthiouracil; protamine; pro- PTCA  percutaneous transluminal coronary thrombin time; pseudotumor; psychometric angiography; percutaneous transluminal cor- test; psychotherapy; pulmonary thrombosis; onary angioplasty; pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic pulmonary tuberculosis; pyramidal tract; acid temporal plane PT(C)A  percutaneous transluminal [coro- P&T  permanent and total; pharmacy and nary] angioplasty therapeutics PtcCO2  transcutaneous partial pressure of Pt  patient; platinum carbon dioxide pT  pertussis toxin; postoperative tumor size PTCDA  perylene-tetracarboxylic dianhy- pT0  no evidence of primary tumor dride pT1  no visible tumor tissue PTCER  pulmonary transcapillary escape pT2  less than 1.5 cm tumor remains rate pT3  1.5 to 5.0 cm tumor remains PTCL  panniculitic T-cell lymphoma; periph- pT4  more than 5.0 cm tumor remains eral T-cell lymphoma pt  part; patient; pint; point PtcO2  transcutaneous oxygen tension PTA  pancreatic transplantation alone; paral- PTCR  percutaneous transluminal coronary lel tubular arrays; parathyroid adenoma; peak recanalization/revascularization twitch amplitude; percutaneous transluminal PTCRA  percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; peroxidase-labeled antibody; rotational ablation persistent truncus arteriosus; phosphotung- PTD  percutaneous transluminal dilation; stic acid; physical therapy assistant; plasma permanent total disability; personality trait thromboplastin antecedent; posttraumatic disorder; photothermal deflection; preterm amnesia; pretreatment anxiety; primitive tri- delivery; prior to delivery geminal artery; prior to admission; prior to PTDS  posttraumatic distress syndrome arrival; prothrombin activity PTE  parathyroid extract; posttraumatic epi- PTAB  pterygoalar bar lepsy; pretibial edema; proximal tibial epiph- PTAF  platelet activating factor ysis; pulmonary thromboembolism PTAFR  platelet activating factor receptor PTEAM  particle total exposure assessment PTAH  phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin methodology PTAP  purified diphtheria toxoid precipitat- PTED  pulmonary thromboembolic disease ed by aluminum phosphate PteGlu  pteroylglutamic acid PTAT  pure tone average threshold pter  end of short arm of chromosome PTB  patellar tendon bearing; polypyrimi- PTES  percutaneous transcatheter ethanol dine tract binding; prior to birth; proximal sclerotherapy tubal blockage PTF  patient treatment file; plasma thrombo- PTb  pulmonary tuberculosis plastin factor; posterior talofibular; preterm PTBA  percutaneous transluminal balloon formula; proximal tubular fragment angioplasty PTFA  prothrombin time fixing agent PTBBS  peripheral type benzodiazepine PTFE  polytetrafluoroethylene binding site PTFNA  percutaneous transthoracic fine- PTBD  percutaneous transhepatic biliary needle aspiration drainage; percutaneous transluminal balloon PTFS  posttraumatic fibromyalgia syndrome dilation PTG  parathyroid gland; prostaglandin PTBE  pyretic tick-borne encephalitis PTGE  prostaglandin E PTBNA  protected transbronchial needle as- PTGER  prostaglandin E receptor pirate PTH  parathormone; parathyroid; parathy- PTBPD  posttraumatic borderline personality roid hormone; percutaneous transhepatic disorder drainage; phenylthiohydantoin; plasma PTBS  posttraumatic brain syndrome thromboplastin component; posttransfusion PTBW  peak torque to body weight hepatitis  355 PTHC  percutaneous transhepatic cholangi- physical treatment planning; posterior tibial ography pulse; posttetanic potential; posttransfusion PTHL  parathyroid hormone–like purpura; pretest probability; previously treat- PTHLP  parathyroid hormone–like protein ed patient; protein-tyrosine phosphatase; PTH/PTHrP  parathyroid hormone/parathy- proximal tubular pressure roid hormone–related peptide Ptp  transpulmonary pressure PTHR  parathyroid hormone receptor PTPA  phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activator PTHRP, PTHrP  parathyroid hormone– PTPC  protein tyrosine phosphatase C related peptide; parathyroid hormone–related PTPG  protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma protein PTPI  posttraumatic pulmonary insufficiency PTHS  parathyroid hormone secretion PTPinsp  inspiratory pressure-time product PTHV  Pathun Thani virus PTPM  posttraumatic progressive myelopathy PTI  pancreatic trypsin inhibitor; penetrating PTPN  protein tyrosine phosphatase, non- trauma index; persistent tolerant infection; receptor Pictorial Test of Intelligence; placental PTPRA  protein tyrosine phosphatase recep- thrombin inhibitor; pulsatility transmission tor alpha index PTPRB  protein tyrosine phosphatase recep- PTK  phosphotyrosine kinase; photothera- tor beta peutic keratectomy; protein tyrosine kinase PTPRF  protein tyrosine phosphatase recep- PTL  peritoneal telencephalic leukoencepha- tor F lomyopathy; pharyngotracheal lumen; plas- PTPRG  protein tyrosine phosphatase recep- ma thyroxine level; posterior tricuspid leaflet; tor gamma preterm labor PTPS  postthrombophlebitis syndrome; 6- pTL  posterior tricuspid leaflet pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase PTLA  pharyngeal tracheal lumen airway PTPT  protein tyrosine phosphatase, T-cell PTLC  precipitation thin layer chromatogra- PT/PTT  prothrombin time/partial thrombo- phy plastin time PTLD  posttransplantation lymphoprolifera- PTQ  parent-teacher questionnaire tive disorder; prescribed tumor lethal dose PTR  patellar tendon reflex; patient termina- PTLV  primate T-lymphotropic virus tion record; patient to return; peripheral total PTLV 1, 2, 3  primate T-lymphotropic vi- resistance; plasma transfusion reaction; pro- ruses 1, 2, 3 thrombin time ratio; psychotic trigger reac- PTM  posterior trabecular meshwork; post- tion transfusion mononucleosis; posttranslational PTr  porcine trypsin modification; posttraumatic meningitis; pro- Ptr  intratracheal pressure thymosin; pulse time modulation PTRA  percutaneous transluminal renal an- PTM  transmural pressure gioplasty Ptm  pterygomaxillary PT Rep  patient representative PTMA  percutaneous transvenous mitral PTRIA  polystyrene-tube radioimmunoassay annuloplasty; phenyltrimethylammonium; Ptrx  pelvic traction posttransplantation thrombotic microangiop- PTS  para-toluenesulfonic [acid]; patient athy; prothymosin alpha treatment file; pediatric trauma score; post- PTMDF  pupils, tension, media, disc, fundus thrombotic syndrome; posttraumatic syn- PTMPY  per thousand members per year drome; posture training support, weighted PTMR  percutaneous transluminal myocar- [vest]; Pressure and Tension Scale; prior to dial revascularization surgery; 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin syn- PTMS  parathymosin thase PTN  pain transmission neuron; pleiotro- Pts, pts  patients phin; posterior tibial nerve; Prevention Trials PTSD  posttraumatic stress disorder Network; proximal tibial nail; public tele- PTSM  Plant, Technology, and Safety Man- phone network agement pTNM  pathologic classification of primary PTSS  posttraumatic stress syndrome tumors, regional nodes, and metastases PTT  partial thromboplastin time; particle PTO  Klemperer’s tuberculin [Ger. Perlsucht transport time; posterior tibial tendon; pro- Tuberculin Original] tein truncation test; prothrombin time; pul- Ptotal  total pressure monary transit time; pulse transit time PTP  pancreatic thread protein; pediatric tele- ptt  partial thromboplastin time phone protocol; percutaneous transhepatic PTTI  penetrating thoracic trauma index portography; phosphotyrosine phosphatase; PTU  phenylthiourea; propylthiouracil  356 PTV  patient-triggered ventilation; planning pUPID  paternal uniparental isodisomy target volume; porcine teschovirus; posterior PUPPP  pruritic urticarial papules and terminal vein; posterior tibial vein; Punta plaques of pregnancy Toro virus PUR  polyurethrane PTV2  planning target volume 2 Pur  purple PtV  pneumotropic virus pur  purulent PTVT  planning target volume tool purg  purgative PTVV  Ponteves virus PurR  purine repressor PTX  palytoxin; pentoxifylline; picrotoxinin; PURSUIT  Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Un- pneumothorax derpinning the Receptor for Suppression of PTx  parathyroidectomy; pelvic traction Unstable Ischemia Trial; Platelet Glycopro- Ptx  pneumothorax tein IIb-IIIa in Unstable Angina: Receptor pTX  no evidence of primary tumor Suppression Using Integrilin Therapy PTXT  pointer to text PURV  Purus virus PTZ  pentylenetetrazol PUT  provocative use test; putamen PU  palindromic unit; passed urine; patient PUU  Puumala [virus] unit; pepsin unit; peptic ulcer; perfusion unit; PUUV  Puumala virus polyurethane; pregnancy urine; 6-propylura- PUV  posterior urethral valve cil; prostatic urethra PUVA  psoralen ultraviolet-A range Pu  plutonium; purine; purple PV  pancreatic vein; papilla of Vater; papil- PUA  patient unit assistant lomavirus; paramyxovirus; parapoxvirus; pub  public paraventricular; paravertebral; partial vol- PUBS  percutaneous umbilical blood sam- ume; parvovirus; pemphigus vulgaris; pe- pling; perforations, ulcers, and gastrointesti- ripheral vascular; peripheral vein; peripheral nal bleeds; purple urine bag syndrome vessel; picornavirus; pityriasis versicolor; PUC  pediatric urine collector; premature plasma viscosity; plasma volume; pneumo- uterine contractions nia virus; polio vaccine; poliovirus; polycy- PUCV  Puchong virus themia vera; polyoma virus; polyvinyl; portal PUD  peptic ulcer disease; pudendal vein; postvasectomy; postvoiding; poxvi- PuD  pulmonary disease rus; predictive value; pressure velocity; PUF  polyurethane foam; pure ultrafiltra- pressure volume; process variable; progres- tion sive vaccinia; pulmonary valve; pulmonary PUFA  polyunsaturated fatty acid vein PUF-HAL  polyurethane foam–hybrid artifi- P-V  pressure volume cial liver P&V  pyloroplasty and vagotomy PUH  pregnancy urine hormones PV  ventricular pressure PUI  platelet uptake index; posterior urethral PV-1, 2, 3  human polioviruses 1, 2, 3 injury Pv  Proteus vulgaris; venous pressure PUJO  pelviureteric junction obstruction PVA  Paralyzed Veterans of America; pe- PUL  percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy ripheral venous alimentation; polyvinyl ace- PUL, pul  pulmonary tate; polyvinyl alcohol; pressure volume  PULHEMS  physique, upper extremity, area lower extremity, hearing and ears, eyes and PVa  pulmonary venous atrial vision, mental capacity, emotional stability PVA-C  polyvinyl alcohol cryogel pulm  pulmonary PVAc  polyvinyl acetate PULSES  physical condition, upper limb PVAd  polyvinyladenine function, lower limb function, sensory com- PVALB  parvalbumin ponent, excretory function, and mental  PVARP  postventricular atrial refractory pe- status/support factors riod pulv.  powder [Lat. pulvis] PVB  cis-platinum, vinblastine, bleomycin; PUM  peanut-reactive urinary mucin paravertebral block; pigmented villonodular PUMF  public use microdata file bundle; premature ventricular beat PUMP  putative metalloproteinase PVC  peripheral venous catheterization; per- PUMS  patient utility measurement set; per- manent visual circuit; persistent vaginal cor- manently unfit for military service nification; polyvinyl chloride; postvoiding PUN  plasma urea nitrogen cystogram; predicted vital capacity; prema- PUO  pyrexia of unknown origin ture ventricular complex; premature ventric- PUP  previously untreated patient; previ- ular contraction; primary visual cortex; ously untreated product pulmonary venous capillaries; pulmonary  357 venous confluence; pulmonary venous con- PVP-I  polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine gestion PVR  peripheral vascular resistance; per- PVCM  paradoxic vocal cord motion spective volume rendering; poliovirus recep- PVCO2  partial pressure of carbon dioxide in tor; postvoiding residual; pulmonary valve mixed venous blood replacement or repair; pulmonary vascular PVD  patient very disturbed; peripheral vas- resistance; pulse volume recording cular disease; portal vein dilation; posterior pVR  perspective volume rendering vitreous detachment; postural vertical dimen- PVRI  pulmonary vascular resistance index sion; premature ventricular depolarization; PVS  partner violence screening; percussion, pulmonary valvular dysplasia; pulmonary vibration, suction; percutaneous vascular sur- vascular disease gery; peritoneovenous shunt; permanent veg- PVDF  polyvinyl diisopropyl fluoride; poly- etative state; persistent vegetative state; vinylidene difluoride persistent viral syndrome; Plummer-Vinson PVE  partial volume effect; perivenous en- syndrome; poliovirus susceptibility; polyvi- cephalomyelitis; periventricular echogenici- nyl sponge; premature ventricular systole; ty; postvaccinial encephalopathy; premature programmed ventricular stimulation; pulmo- ventricular event; premature ventricular ex- nary valvular stenosis trasystole; prosthetic valve endocarditis PVs  pulmonary venous systolic PV-ECF  plasma volume/extracellular fluid PVSA  percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration [ratio] PVSG  Polycythemia Vera Study Group PVEM  postvaccinial encephalomyelitis PVST  prevertebral soft tissue P-VEP  pattern visual evoked potential PVU  Pueblo Viejo virus PVF  peripheral visual field; portal venous PVT  paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia; flow; primary ventricular fibrillation periventricular thalamic [nucleus]; portal PVFS  postviral fatigue syndrome vein thrombosis; pressure, volume, and tem- PVG  periventricular gray matter; pulmo- perature; private patient; psychomotor vigi- nary valve gradient lance task PVH  paraventricular hyperintensity; pulmo- PVTT  portal vein tumor thrombosis; portal nary venous hypertension vein tumor thrombus PVI  patient video interview; peripheral vas- PVW  posterior vaginal wall cular insufficiency; perivascular infiltration; pvz  pulverization positron volume imaging; protracted venous PW  peristaltic wave; plantar wart; poste- infusion rior wall; pressure wave; psychological war- PVK  penicillin V potassium fare; pulmonary wedge; pulsed wave; pulse  PVL  perivalvular leakage; periventricular width leukomalacia; permanent vision loss Pw  progesterone withdrawal; pulsed wave; PVM  parallel virtual machine; pneumonia whole-cell pertussis [vaccine] virus of mice; proteins, vitamins, and miner- pW  picowatt als; pulmonary vascular marking PWA  person with AIDS; pulse wave analy- PVMed  preventive medicine sis PVMR  PRODIGY Virtual Medical Record PWB  partial weight bearing PVN  paraventricular nucleus; predictive PWBC  peripheral white blood cell value negative PWBRT  prophylactic whole-brain radiation PVNPS  post–Viet Nam psychiatric syn- therapy drome PWBT  partial weight-bearing therapy PVNS  pigmented villonodular synovitis PWC  peak work capacity; physical work PVNZ  parapoxvirus of red deer in New capacity Zealand PWCA  pure white cell aplasia PVO  pulmonary venous obstruction PWCR  Prader-Willi chromosome region PVO2  partial oxygen pressure in mixed ve- PWCT  perfusion-weighted computed to- nous blood mography PVOD  pulmonary vascular obstructive dis- PWD  posterior wall in diastole; printed wir- ease; pulmonary venoocclusive disease ing board PVP  penicillin V potassium; peripheral vein pwd  powder plasma; peripheral venous pressure; polyvi- PWDS  postweaning diarrhea syndrome nylpyrrolidone; portal venous phase; portal PWDU  pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound venous pressure; predictive value of positive PWE  posterior wall excursion results; pulmonary vein potential; pulmonary PWI  perfusion-weighted imaging; posterior venous pressure wall infarct  358 PWLV  posterior wall of left ventricle Py  phosphopyridoxal; polyoma [virus]; PWM  pulse with modulation pyridine; pyridoxal pw-MW  prewhitening [of data] multiple py  pack-years window PYA  psychoanalysis PWP  patient word processing; Prentice, PyC  pyogenic culture Williams, and Peterson [model]; pulmonary PYCR  pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase wedge pressure PYD  N-terminal pyrin domain PWRQ  Parental Worry of Recurrent Ab- PYE  peptone yeast extract dominal Pain Questionnaire PYG  peptone, yeast extract, glucose PWS  port wine stain; physician worksta- PYGM  peptone, yeast, glucose, maltose tion; Prader-Willi syndrome PYLL  potential years of life lost PWS/AS  Prader-Willi syndrome/Angel- PYM  psychosomatic man syndrome PyNPase  pyridine nucleoside phosphory- PWT  physician waiting time; posterior wall lase thickness; pseudo–Winger transform PYP  pyrophosphate pwt  pennyweight Pyr  pyridine; pyruvate PWTT  pulsed wave transit time PyrP  pyridoxal phosphate PWV  pulsed wave velocity PyV  Polyomavirus, polyomavirus PX  pancreatectomized; peroxidase; physical PZ  pancreozymin; phthalazinone; pregnan- examination cy zone; proliferative zone; protamine zinc Px  past history; peroxidase; physical ex- Pz  4-phenylazobenzylycarbonyl; parietal amination; pneumothorax; prognosis midline electrode placement [ECG] px  pancreas, pancreatic pz  pièze PXA  pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma PZA  pyrazinamide PXE  pseudoxanthoma elasticum PZ-CCK  pancreozymin cholecystokinin PXM  projection x-ray microscopy; pseudo- PZD  partial zona dissection exfoliation material PZE  piezoelectric PXMP  peroxysomal membrane protein PZI  protamine zinc insulin PXS  pseudoexfoliation syndrome PZP  pregnancy zone protein PXT  piroxantrone PZQ  praziquantel Pxy  propagation delay PZT  lead zirconate titanate  359 QBIC  query by image content Q QBV  whole blood volume QC  quad cane; quality characteristics; qual- ity control; quantum computing; quinine col- chicine Qc  pulmonary capillary blood flow Q  1,4-glucan branching enzyme; coulomb QCA  quantitative coronary arteriography or [electric quantity]; electric charge; each, angiography every [Lat. quaque]; flow; glutamine; heat; Q-CHAT  quantitative checklist for autism in perfusion; qualitative; quality; quantity; toddlers quart; quartile; Queensland [fever]; query QCID  qualitative contingent influence dia- [fever]; question; quinacrine; quinidine; qui- gram none; quotient; radiant energy; reaction en- QCIM  Quarterly Cumulative Index Medicus ergy; reactive power; temperative coefficient QCM  quartz crystal microbalance Q   cardiac output QCO2  carbon dioxide evolution by a tissue Q10  temperature coefficient QCP  quality care program q  each, every [Lat. quaque]; electric charge; QCS  Quebec Cardiovascular Study; Quick long arm of chromosome; probability of  Confusion Scale failure in a single trial; quart; quintal QCT  quantitative computed tomography q2h  every two hours [Lat. quaque secunda QD  every day [Lat. quaque die; Qi defi- hora] ciency; quantum dot q4h  every four hours [Lat. quaque quarta Qd  probability of detection hora] q.d.  every day [Lat. quaque die] QA  quality assessment; quality assurance; QDE  quantum detection efficiency questions and answers QDH/SS  quick doff hood/second skin QAAA  quantitative amino acid analysis QDPR  quinoid dihydropteridine reductase QAC  quaternary ammonium compound; QDS, q.d.s.  four times each day [Lat. qua- quinacrine ter die sumendus] QACC  quality assurance coordination com- QE  quantum efficiency mittee QEA  quantitative culture of endotracheal q.a.d.  every other day [Lat. quaque altera aspirates die] QED  quantum electrodynamics QAF  quality adjustment factor QEE  quadriceps extension exercise QAHCS  Quality of Australian Health Care QEEG, qEEG  quantitative electroencepha- Study lography QA&I  quality assessment and improvement QEF  quail embryo fibroblasts QALD  quality-adjusted life-days QENF  quantifying examination of neuro- QALE  quality-adjusted life expectancy logic function QALPACS  quality patient care scale QEONS  Queen Elizabeth’s Overseas Nurs- QALY  quality-adjusted life-year ery Service QAM  quality assurance monitoring QEW  quick early warning q.AM  every day before noon [Lat. quaque QF  quality factor; query fever; quick freeze; die ante meridiem] relative biologic effectiveness QAP  quality assurance program/profes- QFCM  quantitative fluorescence cytometry sional; quinine, atabrine, and pamaquine QFD  quality function deployment QA/QC  quality assurance and quality con- QFES  Quality Feedback Expert System trol Q fever  query fever QAR  quantitative autoradiography QFFV  Queensland fruit fly virus QARANC  Queen Alexandra’s Royal Army Q-FISH  quantitative fluorescence in situ hy- Nursing Corps bridization QARNNS  Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval QFT  QuantiFERON tuberculosis test Nursing Service QGS  quantitative gated SPECT [single pho- QAS  quality assurance standard ton emission computed tomography] QAUR  quality assurance and utilization re- QH, q.h.  every hour [Lat. quaque hora] view q( )h  every ( ) hours [Lat. quaque hora] QB  whole blood QHDS  Queen’s Honorary Dental Surgeon QB  total body clearance QHFT  Quinapril Heart Failure Trial Qb  blood flow QHNS  Queen’s Honorary Nursing Sister QBC  query by case QHP  Queen’s Honorary Physician  360 QHS  at every bedtime [Lat. quaque hora QO2  flow of oxygen somni]; quantitative hepatobiliary scintigra- Qo  oxygen consumption phy; Queen’s Honorary Surgeon Qo  flow at origin q.h.s.  at every bedtime [Lat. quaque hora QO2  oxygen quotient; oxygen utilization somni] QOD, q.o.d.  every other day [Lat. quaque QI  quality improvement; quality indicator; altera die] Quetelet Index QOF  Quality and Outcomes Framework QID, q.i.d.  four times per day [Lat. quater q.o.h.  every other hour [Lat. quaque altera in die] hora] QIDN  Queen’s Institute of District Nursing QOL  quality of life QIN  quality improvement network QOLHS  Quality of Life Hypertension QIO  quality improvement organization Study QIP  quality improvement project QOLI  quality-of-life index QIRC  quality-of-life impact of refractive QOLI-P  quality of life index-Padilla correction QOLQ  quality of life questionnaire QISMC  Quality Improvement System for q.o.n.  every other night [Lat. quaque altera Managed Care nocte] QJ  quadriceps jerk QoR  quality of recovery QL  as much as desired [Lat. quantum libet]; QoS  quality of service quality of life QP  quadrigeminal plate; quality planning; q.l.  as much as desired [Lat. quantum libet] quanti-Pirquet [reaction] QLE  quasi-likelihood estimation Qp  pulmonary blood flow Q-LES-Q  Quality of Life Enjoyment and QPC  quadratic phase coupling; quadrigemi- Satisfaction Questionnaire nal plate cistern; quality of patient care QLP  quality laboratory process Qpc  pulmonary capillary blood flow QLQ  quality of life questionnaire QPCR, qPCR  quantitative polymerase chain QLQ-C  quality of life questionnaire-cancer reaction QLS  Quality of Life Scale; quasielastic QPD  quadrature phase detector light-scattering spectroscopy QPEEG  quantitative pharmacoelectroen- QLV  quasi-linear viscoelastic [model] cephalography QM  every morning [Lat. quaque mane]; Qp:Qs, Qp/Qs pulmonary-to-systemic quality management; quantization matrix; flow ratio; pulmonic-to-systemic flow ratio quinacrine mustard QPV  quokka poxvirus q.m.  every morning [Lat. quaque mane] QQH, q.q.h. every four hours [Lat. QMAN  query manager quaque quarta hora] QMB  qualified Medicare beneficiary QR  quality review; quieting response; quin- QMC  quantum Monte Carlo aldine red; quinone reductase QMF  quadrature mirror filter qr  quadriradial; quarter QMI  Q-wave myocardial infarction QRA  quantitative risk assessment QMP  Quality Management Program QRB  Quality Review Bulletin QMR  Quick Medical Reference Qrbc  flow of red blood cells QMR-DT  Quick Medical Reference- QRFV  Quaranfil virus Decision Theoretic QRM  quality and resource management QMR-KAT  Quick Medical Reference- QRNG  quinoline-resistant Neisseria gonor- Knowledge Acquisition Tool rhoeae QMRP  qualified mental retardation profes- QRP  quick-response program sional QRS  complex consisting of Q, R, and S QMT  every month [Lat. per singulos menses waves, corresponding to depolarization of afferet]; quantitative muscle test ventricles [ECG]; loop traced by QRS vec- q.m.t.  every month [Lat. per singulos men- tors, representing ventricular depolarization ses afferet] interval [ECG] QMWS  quasi–morphine withdrawal syn- QRS-ST  junction between the QRS com- drome plex and the ST segment [ECG] QN, qn  quantitative QRS-T  angle between the QRS and T vec- q.n.  every night [Lat. quaque nocte] tors [vectorcardiography] QNB  quinuclidinyl benzilate qRT-PCR  quantitative reverse transcriptase QNS  quantity not sufficient; Queen’s Nurs- polymerase chain reaction ing Sister QRZ  wheal reaction time [Ger. Quaddel qns  quantity not sufficient Reaktion Zeit]  361 QS  as much as suffices [Lat. quantum satis QUAL  qualitative attribute or quantum sufficit]; quad set [exercise]; qual  qualitative, qualitaty quality-switched; question screening; quiet QUAL-PACS  quality of patient care system sleep QUALYs  quality-adjusted life-years Qs, Qs  systemic blood flow QUAN  quantitative attribute q.s.  as much as suffices [Lat. quantum satis quant  quantitative, quantitaty or quantum sufficit] quar  quarantine QSAR  quantitative structure-activity rela- QUART  quadrantectomy, axillary dissec- tionship tion, radiotherapy QSART  quantitative sudomotor axon reflex QUASAR  Quinapril Anti-Ischemia and testing Symptoms of Angina Reduction [trial] QSFR  quantitative structure-function rela- QUEST  Quality, Utilization, Effectiveness, tionship Statistically Tabulated QSM  quality assurance and safety of medi- QU.E.S.T.  Quality of Life, Effectiveness, cine Safety, and Tolerability QSPR  quantitative structure-property rela- QUESTAR  query estimation and refinement tionship QUESTT  question the child, use pain rating QSPV  quasi-static pressure volume scale, evaluate behavior and physiologic QSQT  shunted blood/total blood flow [ratio] changes, secure parents’ involvement, take Qs/Qt  shunt fraction cause of pain into account, take action and QSR  quality system regulation evaluate results [mnemonic] QSS  quantitative sacroiliac scintigraphy QUEXTA  Quantitative Exercise Testing and QSSR  quantitative structure-stability rela- Angiography [study] tionship QUICHA  quantitative inhalation challenge QST  quantitative sensory test apparatus QSU  Questionnaire of Smoking Urges QUIET  Quinapril Ischemic Event Trial QT  cardiac output; Quick test QuIC  Quality Interagency Coordinating Q-T  time interval from the beginning of the Task Force QRS complex to the end of the T wave QUIN  quinolinic acid [ECG] quint  fifth qt  quantity; quart; quiet QUIS  Questionnaire on User Interface Sat- QTc, Q-Tc  Q-T interval corrected for heart isfaction rate quot  quotient qter  end of long arm of chromosome quotid  daily, quotidian [Lat. quotidie] QTL  quantitative trait locus QUPV  Quailpox virus Q-TWIST  quality-adjusted time without QUS  quantitative ultrasound symptoms of disease or subjective toxic ef- qv  which see [Lat. quod vide] fects of treatment QWB  quality of well-being Quad  quadratic QYBV  Qalyub virus quad  quadrant; quadriceps; quadriplegic QYD  Qi and Yin deficiency QUADS  Quinapril Australian Dosing Study  362 Ra  access resistance; radial; radium; radius R rA  riboadenylate ra  receptor antagonist RAA  renin-angiotensin-aldosterone; right aortic arch; right atrial appendage; ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm R  Behnken unit; Broadbent registration rAAA  ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm point; any chemical group [particularly an RAADS  Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic alfyl group]; a conjugative plasmid respon- Scale sible for resistance to various elements; elec- RAADS-R  Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnos- trical resistance; in electrocardiography, far tic Scale-Revised point [Lat. remotum]; first positive deflection RAAE  robot-assisted anterior exenteration during the QRS complex [in ECG]; gas con- RAAMC  Royal Australian Army Medical stant; organic radical; race; racemic; radioac- Corps tive; radiology; radius; ramus; Rankine RAAMI  Randomized Angiographic Trial of [scale]; rapid accelerator; rate; rate modula- Alteplase in Myocardial Infarction; Rapid tion; ratio; reaction; Réaumur [scale]; recep- Administration of Alteplase in Myocardial tor; rectal; rectified; red; registered trademark; Infarction [trial] regression coefficient; regular; regular insu- RAAPI  resting ankle-arm pressure index lin; regulator; rejection factor; relapse; relax- RAAS  Randomized Angiotensin II Receptor ation; release; remission; remote; reperfusion; Antagonist, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme repressor; residual tumor; residue; resistance; Inhibitor Study; renin-angiotensin-aldoste- respiration; respiratory exchange ratio; respi- rone system ratory quotient; responder; response; rest; rAAV  recombinant adeno-associated virus restricted; reverse; rhythm; ribose; Rickett- RAB  remote afterloading brachytherapy sia; right; Rinne [test]; roentgen; rough; rub Rab  rabbit ®  registered trademark; right RABA  rabbit antibladder antibody R?  second positive deflection during QRS RAC  rabeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromy- complex [ECG] cin; Recombinant Deoxyribonucleic Acid R+, +R  positive Rinne test Advisory Committee; research appraisal R−  negative Rinne test checklist °R  degree of Rankine scale; degree on Reau- rac  racemate, racemic mur scale RACAT  rapid acquisition computed axial R0  residual tumor not assessed tomography R1  first repeat; longitudinal relativity; small RACC  receptor-activated calcium channel residual tumor RACE  ramipril angiotensin-converting en- R2  large residual tumor; second repeat; zyme; Ramipril Cardioprotective Evaluation transverse relativity [trial]; rapid amplification of complementary R1, R2, R3, etc.  years of resident study deoxyribonucleic acid ends; rapid assess- r  correlation coefficient; density; radius; ment of cardiac enzymes; rate control versus ratio; recombinant; regional; ribose; ribo- electrical cardioversion somal; ring chromosome; roentgen; sample RACGP  Royal Australian College of Gen- correlation coefficient eral Practitioners ρ  lowercase Greek letter rho; correlation co- RACT  reasonably available control technol- efficient; electric charge density; electrical ogy; research activity resistivity; mass density; reactivity RACV  relative autonomic conduction veloc- r2  coefficient of determination ity RA  radial artery; radioactive; radiographic RAD  radial artery catheter; radiation ab- absorptiometry; radiographic abstraction; sorbed dose; radical; radiographic, radiogra- ragocyte; ragweed antigen; rapidly adapting phy; reactive airways disease; receptor [receptors]; reactive arthritis; reciprocal affinity distribution; right atrium diameter; asymmetric; refractory anemia; refractory right axis deviation; roentgen administered ascites; regression analysis; renal artery; dose renin-angiotensin; repeat action; residual air; Rad  radiology; radiotherapy; radium retinoic acid; rheumatoid arthritis; right rad  radial; radian; radiation absorbed dose; angle; right arm; right atrium; right auricle; radial; radius; root [Lat. radix] risk adjustment; risk assessment; rotation an- RADA  rosin amine-D-acetate giography; Roy adaptation RADAI  rheumatoid arthritis disease activity RA  airway resistance index  363 RADAR  rapid assessment of disease activity RAI  radioactive iodine; radioactive isotope; in rheumatology; Research on Adverse Drug resident assessment instrument; resting ankle Events and Reports index; right atrial inversion; right atrial in- RADARS  Researched Abuse, Diversion, volvement and Addiction-Related Surveillance System RAID  radioimmunodetection; radiolabeled RADC  Royal Army Dental Corps antibody imaging; redundant array of inde- RADES  randomly amplified differentially pendent disks; redundant array of inexpen- expressed sequence sive disks RADES-PCR  randomly amplified differen- RAIS  reflection-absorption infrared spec- tially expressed sequence polymerase chain troscopy reaction RAITI  right atrial inversion time index RADIANCE  Randomized Assessment of RAIU  radioactive iodine uptake Digoxin on Inhibitors of Angiotensin- RALES  Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Converting Enzyme [study] Study RADIO  radiotherapy RALPH  renal, anal, lung, polydactyly, ham- radiol  radiology artoblastoma [syndrome] RADIUS  Routine Antenatal Diagnostic Im- RALT  routine admission laboratory tests aging with Ultrasound [trial] RAM  random-access memory; rapid alter- RadLV  radiation leukemia virus nating movements; rectus abdominis muscle; RADMOS  radiotherapy data management rectus abdominis myocutaneous [flap]; re- and organization system duced acquisition matrix; research aviation RADP  right acromiodorsoposterior medicine; resistance-associated mutation; re- RADS  reactive airways dysfunction syn- source allocation methodology; right anterior drome; retrospective assessment of drug safety measurement rad/s  rad per second; radian per second RAMBA  retinoic acid metabolism-blocking rad/s2  rad per second squared agent rad ther  radiation therapy RAMEDIS  Rare Metabolic Diseases RADTS  rabbit antidog thymus serum RAMC  Royal Army Medical Corps RADTT  radiation therapy technologist RAM-FAST  reduced acquisition matrix RADVIS  radiologic visualization Fourier-acquired steady state RAE  right atrial enlargement RaMI  Ravenna Myocardial Infarction [trial] RAEB  refractory anemia with excess blasts RAMIT  Ravenna Myocardial Infarction RAEBiT, RAEB-T refractory anemia with Trial excess blasts in transformation RAMM  remote-access multidimensional RAEC  rat aortic endothelial cell; rate control microscopy versus electrical cardioversion RAMP  radioactive antigen microprecipitin; RAEM  refractory anemia with excess my- rate-modulated pacing; right atrial mean eloblasts pressure RAF  repetitive atrial firing; rheumatoid ar- RAMPO  randomly amplified microsatellite thritis factor polymorphism RAFMS  Royal Air Force Medical Services RAMR  risk-adjusted mortality rate RAFT  Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation Trial; RAMT  rabbit antimouse thymocyte; right Rythmol-SR Atrial Fibrillation Trial atrial mobile thrombi RAFW  right atrial free wall RAN  random number; remote area nurse; RAG  radioautography; ragweed; recombi- resident’s admission notes nase activating gene; recombination activat- RANA  rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen ing gene; risk assessment in genetics RANK  receptor activator of nuclear factor RAGE  rapid gradient echo; receptor for ad- κB vanced glycation end products RANKL  receptor activator of nuclear factor Ragg  rheumatoid agglutinin kappa B ligand RAH  radical abdominal hysterectomy; re- RANO  Response Assessment in Neuro- gressing atypical histiocytosis; right atrial Oncology hypertrophy rANP  rat atrial natriuretic peptide RAHM  randomly amplified hybridization RANTES  regulated on activation, T-cell ex- microsatellite pressed and secreted RAHO  rabbit antibody to human ovary RANTTAS  Randomized Trial of Tirilazad in RAHTG  rabbit antihuman thymocyte globu- Acute Stroke lin RAO  right anterior oblique; right anterior RaHV  ranid herpesvirus occipital; rotational acetabular osteotomy  364 RaONC  radiation oncology ras  retrovirus-associated DNA sequence RAP  rapid atrial pacing; recurrent abdomi- RASE  rapid-acquisition spin echo nal pain; regression-associated protein; renal RASMC  rat aortic smooth muscle dell artery pressure; resident assessment protocol; RASS  rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren syn- rheumatoid arthritis precipitin; RNA arbi- drome trarily primed; right atrial pressure RAST  radioallergosorbent test RAPA  rapamycin RAT  repeat action tablet; rheumatoid arthri- RAPD  randomly amplified polymorphic tis test; right anterior trigone DNA; relative afferent pupillary defect RATG  rabbit antithymocyte globulin RAPDDIP  randomly amplified polymorphic RATHAS  rat thymus antiserum DNA for the diploid cases RATMAP  Rat Genome Database RAPDHAP  randomly amplified polymor- rAT-P  recombinant antitrypsin Pittsburgh phic DNA for the haploid cases RATS  robotic-assisted transaxillary surgery RAPID  Recombinant Plasminogen Activa- RATx  radiation therapy tor Angiographic Phase II International  RAU  radioactive uptake; remote access unit Dose Finding Study; Regional Arizona Pre- RAV  rheumatoid arthritis virus; Rous- hospital Infarction Diagnosis [study]; Re- associated virus teplase Angiographic Patency International RAVC  retrograde atrioventricular conduc- Dose-Ranging Study tion; Royal Army Veterinary Corps RAPK  reticulate acropigmentation of Kita- RAVES  Reduced Anticoagulation in Saphe- mura nous Vein Graft Stent [trial]; Reduced Anti- RAPM  refractory anemia with partial my- coagulation Vein Graft Study eloblastosis RAVLT  Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test RAPO  rabbit antibody to pig ovary RAW  right atrial wall RAP-PCR  ribonucleic acid [RNA arbitrarily RAW, Raw  airway resistance primed polymerase chain reaction] RAWP  Resource Allocation Working Party RAPPORT  ReoPro in Acute Myocardial In- RAWTS  RNA amplification with transcript farction and Primary Percutaneous Translu- sequencing minal Coronary Angioplasty Organization RAZ  razoxane and Randomized Trial RB  broader semantic relationship; radial RAPS  Renfrew and Paisley Study; resident basis; radiation burn; rating board; rebreath- assessment protocols ing; reticulate body; retinoblastoma; retro- RAPs  radiologists, anesthesiologists, and bulbar; right breast; right bronchus; right pathologists bundle; rigid bronchoscopy RAPT  Ridogrel vs. Aspirin Potency Trial RB1  RB1 Gene Mutation Database RAR  rapidly adapting receptor; rat insulin Rb  retinoblastoma receptor; retinoic acid receptor; right arm re- RBA  relative binding affinity; rescue breath- clining; right arm recumbent ing apparatus; right basilar artery; right bra- RARA  retinoic acid receptor alpha chial artery; rose bengal antigen RARB  retinoic acid receptor beta RBAC  role-based access control RARE  rapid acquisition with relaxation en- RBAP  repetitive bursts of action potential hancement; retinoic acid response element RbAP  retinoblastoma-associated protein RARG  retinoic acid receptor gamma RBAS  rostral basilar artery syndrome RARLS  rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte serum rBAT  related to b0,+ amino acid transporter RARS  refractory anemia with ring sidero- RBB  right bundle branch blasts RBBB  right bundle-branch block RARTS  rabbit anti-rat thymocyte serum RBBP  retinoblastoma binding protein RAS  radiologist aid system; rapid atrial RBBsB  right bundle-branch system block stimulation; recurrent aphthous stomatitis; RBBx  right breast biopsy reflex activating stimulus; reliability, avail- RBC  ranitidine bismuth citrate; red blood ability, serviceability; remote access service; cell; red blood count renal artery stenosis; renal artery stent; renin- rbc  red blood cell angiotensin system; residency application RBCA  risk-based corrective action service; reticular activating system; rheuma- RBC-ChE  red blood cell cholinesterase toid arthritis serum; Rokitansky-Aschoff RBCD  right border cardiac dullness sinus; rotational atherectomy system; routine rBCG  recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin analysis station [vaccine] RA-S  refractory anemia with ringed sidero- RBCM  red blood cell mass blasts RbCoV  rabbit coronavirus  365 RBCV  red blood cell volume retention catheter; retrograde cystogram; rib RBD  recurrent brief depression; relative bio- cage; root canal; routine cholecystography logic dose; right border of dullness; RNA R&C  resistance and capacitance binding domain Rc  conditioned response; receptor RBE  relative biologic effectiveness RCA  red cell agglutination; regulator of RBF  radial basis function; regional blood complement activity; relative chemotactic flow; regional bone mass; renal blood flow activity; renal cell carcinoma; replication- RBFN  radial basis function network competent adenovirus; replication-competent RBG  red blue green alphavirus; retained cortical activity; right RBI  radiographic baseline coronary angiography; right coronary artery; RBI-EM  rescaled block-iterative expectation rotational coronary atherectomy maximization RCAMC  Royal Canadian Army Medical Rb Imp  rubber base impression Corps RBL  rat basophilic leukemia; Reid baseline; RCAVF  radial-cephalic (direct wrist) arte- retinoblastoma-like riovenous fistula RBL-ILD  respiratory bronchiolitis with as- rCBF  regional cerebral blood flow sociated interstitial lung disease rCBV  regional cerebral blood volume RBM  RNA binding motif RCC  radiological control center; rape crisis rBM  reconstituted basement membrane center; ratio of cost to charges; receptor- RBN  retrobulbar neuritis chemoeffector complex; red cell cast; red cell RBNA  Royal British Nurses Association concentrate; red cell count; regulator of chro- RBNN  recurrent backpropagation neural mosome condensation; renal cell carcinoma; network reverse cumulative curve; right common ca- RBOW  rupture of the bag of waters rotid; right coronary cusp RBP  retinol-binding protein; riboflavin- RCCM  Regional Committee for Community binding protein Medicine RBPC  cellular retinol-binding protein RCCP  renal cell carcinoma, papillary RBPI  intestinal retinol-binding protein RCCS  remote clinical communications sys- rBPI  recombinant bactericidal/permeability tem increasing [protein] RCCT  randomized controlled clinical trial RBR  risk-based response; rule-based rea- RCD  relative cardiac dullness; robust change soning detection RB-RB  right bundle to right bundle [depo- RCDA  recurrent chronic dissecting aneu- larization] rysm RBRVS  resource-based relative value scale RCDP  rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata RBS  random blood sugar; receptor binding RCDR  relative corrected death rate site; remote backup service; Roberts syn- RCE  reasonable compensation equivalent drome; Rutherford backscattering RCEA  redo carotid endarterectomy RbSA  rabbit serum albumin RCF  red cell ferritin; red cell folate; refrac- RBSL  risk-based screening level tory ceramic fiber; relative centrifugal field/ RBST  rubber-band straightening transform force; ristocetin cofactor rBST  recombinant bovine somatotropin RCG  radioelectrocardiography RBT  resistive breathing training RCGP  Royal College of General Practitio- RBTN  rhombotin ners RBTNL  rhombotin-like RCH  rectocolic hemorrhage RBUV  Rochambeau virus RCHF  right congestive heart failure RBV  ribavirin; right brachial vein; Rio RCHMS  Regional Committee for Hospital Bravo virus Medical Services RBW  relative body weight RCI  radiation conformity index; respiratory RBZ  rubidazone control index; retrospective cohort incidence RC  electronic circuit containing a resistor RCIA  red cell immune adherence and capacitor in series; radiocarpal; reaction RCIRF  radiologic contrast-induced renal center; recrystallization; red cell; red cell failure casts; red corpuscle; Red Cross; referred care; RCIT  red cell iron turnover regenerated cellulose; rehabilitation counsel- RCITR  red cell iron turnover rate ing; Renshaw cell; residential care; resistance RCL  renal clearance; right coronary leaflet and compliance; resistive capacity; respira- RCLM  recurrent colorectal liver metastases tion ceases; respiratory care; respiratory  RCM  radial contour model; radiographic center; respiratory compensation; rest cure; contrast medium; red cell mass; reinforced  366 clostridial medium; remacemide; remote rct  marker showing the ability of virulent center of motion; replacement culture medi- strains to replicate at 40°C, while vaccine um; retrospective cohort mortality; right cos- strain shows no replication tal margin; Royal College of Midwives rCTB  recombinant cholera toxin B RCMAS  Revised Children’s Manifest Anxi- RCTE  randomized clinical trial evaluator ety Scale RCU  respiratory care unit rCMR  regional cerebral metabolism rate RCV  rabbit calicivirus; recoverin; red cell rCMRGlc, rCMRglc  regional cerebral met- volume abolic rate for glucose RCVS  Royal College of Veterinary Sur- rCMRO2  regional cerebral metabolic rate geons for oxygen RCWI  right cardiac work index RCN  right caudate nucleus; Royal College RD  radial deviation; radiology department; of Nursing rate difference; Raynaud disease; reaction  RCO  right coronary ostium of degeneration; registered dietitian; Reiter RCoF  ristocetin cofactor disease; related donor; relative dose; renal RCOG  Royal College of Obstetricians and disease; resistance determinant; resistant dis- Gynaecologists ease; respiratory disease; resuscitation de- RCoV  respiratory coronavirus vice; retinal degeneration; retinal detachment; RCP  radiochemical purity; red cell proto- Reye disease; rheumatoid disease; right  porphyrin; retrocorneal pigmentation; retro- deltoid; Riley-Day [syndrome]; Rolland- grade cerebral perfusion; riboflavin carrier Desbuquois [syndrome]; rubber dam; rumi- protein; Royal College of Physicians nal drinking; ruptured disk rCP  regional cerebral perfusion R&D  research and development rcp  reciprocal translocation Rd  rate of disappearance RCPath  Royal College of Pathologists rd  rutherford RCPCH  Royal College of Paediatrics and RDA  rapid epidemiological assessment; rec- Child Health ommended daily allowance; recommended RCPG  respiratory center pattern generator dietary allowance; Registered Dental Assis- RCPH  red cell peroxide hemolysis tant; representation difference analysis; right RCPP  recurrent coronary prevention pro- dorsoanterior; right ductus arteriosus gram RDB  random double blind; relational data- rCPP  regional cerebral perfusion pressure base RCPSC  Royal College of Physicians and RDBMS  regional database management sys- Surgeons of Canada tem; relational database management system RCPSGlas  Royal College of Physicians and RDBP  RD [gene] binding protein Surgeons, Glasgow RDBS  relational database server RCR  relative consumption rate; replication- RDB-X  random double-blind crossover competent recombinant; replication-compe- RDC  remote data capture; research data cen- tent retrovirus; respiratory control ratio ter; research diagnostic criteria RCRA  Resource Conservation and Recov- RDCRD  Rare Disease Clinical Research Da- ery Act tabase rCRF  recombinant corticotropin-releasing RDD  relative depth dose [radiation] factor RDDA  recommended daily dietary allow- RCRI  Revised Cardiac Risk Index ance RCS  rabbit aorta-contracting substance; RDDB  Rare Disease Database real-time control system; red cell suspension; RDDP  RNA-dependent deoxynucleic acid reference coordinate system; renal collector polymerase system; reticulum cell sarcoma; revision con- RDE  receptor-destroying enzyme; remote trol system; right coronary sinus; Royal Col- data entry lege of Science; Royal College of Surgeons RDEB  recessively inherited dystrophic epi- RCSE  Royal College of Surgeons, Edin- dermolysis bullosa burgh RDED  radiation dose required RCSSS  resource coordination system for RDES  remote data entry system surgical service RDF  rapid dissolution formula RCT  radiotherapy and chemotherapy; ran- RDFC  recurring digital fibroma of childhood domized clinical trial; randomized controlled RDG  retrograde duodenogastroscopy trial; registered care technologist; retrograde RDH  Registered Dental Hygienist conduction time; root canal therapy; Ror- RDHBF  regional distribution of hepatic schach content test; rotator cuff tear blood flow  367 RDHI  research and development health in- REAL  Revised European-American Lym- formatics phoma [classification] RDI  recommended daily intake; respiratory REALM  rapid estimate of adult literacy in desaturation index; respiratory disturbance medicine index; rupture-delivery interval REAP  restriction endonuclease analysis of RDIC  resuscitation device, individual chem- plasmid ical REAR  renal, ear, anal, and radial [syndrome] RDLBBB  rate-dependent left bundle-branch REAS  reasonably expected as safe; retained block excluded antrum syndrome RDM  readmission REAT  radiologic emergency assistance team RDMS  registered diagnostic medical sonog- REB  roentgen-equivalent biologic rapher REC  receptor; recombinant, recombination rDNA  recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid rec  fresh [Lat. recens]; recessive; recombi- RDOG  radiology diagnostic oncology group nant chromosome; record; recovery; recur- RDP  right dorsoposterior rence, recurrent RDPA  right descending pulmonary artery RECA  recombination protein A RDQ  respiratory disease questionnaire RECAP  retrosynthetic combinatorial analy- RDR  research data repository sis procedure RDRP, RdRp  RNA-dependent RNA poly- recCHO  recombinant Chinese hamster ovary merase RECF  extracellular fluid resistance RDRS  Rapid Disability Rating Scale RECG  radioelectrocardiography RDS  Raskin Depression Scale; respiratory recip  recipient; reciprocal distress syndrome; reticuloendothelial de- RECIST  Response Evaluation Criteria in pressing substance; rhodanese; slow retinal Solid Tumors degeneration RECIT  Représentation du Contenu Informa- RDT  randomized discontinuation trial; rapid tionel de Testes Médicaux diagnostic test; retinal damage threshold; recon  smallest unit of DNA capable of re- routine dialysis therapy combination RDW  red blood cell distribution width recond  reconditioned, reconditioning index RECPAM  recursive partition and amalga- RDX  radixin mation RE  radium emanation; random error; read- RECREATE  Rescue of Closed Arteries ing epilepsy; readmission; rectal examina- Treated by Stent for Threatened or Abrupt tion; reference emitter; reflux esophagitis; Closure [study] regional enteritis; relative effectiveness; recryst  recrystallization renal and electrolyte; resistive exercise; rest- rect  rectal; rectification, rectified; rectum; ing energy; restriction endonuclease; reticu- rectus loendothelial; retinol equivalent; right ear; Rec Ther  recreational therapy right eye recumb  recumbent RE  respiratory exchange ratio recur  recurrence, recurrent R&E  research and education RED  radiation experience data; rapid eryth- Re  rhenium rocyte degeneration; repeat expansion detec- Re  Reynold number tion; rigid external distractor REA  radiation emergency area; radioen- red  reduction zymatic assay; regulatory effectiveness REDAP  rural emergency department ap- analysis; renal anastomosis; restriction en- proved for pediatrics donuclease analysis; right ear advantage RED-LIP  Reduction of Lipid Metabolism rea  rearrangement [study] REACH  Research on Endothelin Antago- redox  oxidation-reduction nism in Chronic Heart Failure [study]; Re- REDP  reduced-energy diet program source Utilization in Congestive Heart REDS  Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study Failure [study] REDUCE  Randomized Double-Blind Un- REACT  Rapid Early Action in Coronary fractionated Heparin and Placebo-Controlled Treatment [study] Multicenter Trial; Restenosis Reduction by REAC/TS  Radiation Emergency Assistance Cutting Balloon Evaluation [study] Center/Training Site REE  rapid extinction effect; rare earth ele- readm  readmission ment; resting energy expenditure READS  restriction enzyme analysis of dif- REEDA  redness, edema, ecchymosis, drain- ferentially expressed sequences age, approximation  368 REEDS  retention of tears, ectrodactyly, ecto- relapses of ANCA-associated glomerulone- dermal dysplasia, and strange hair, skin and phritis and vasculitis teeth [syndrome] RELAY  relayed correlation spectroscopy REEG  radioelectroencephalography RELE  resistive exercise of lower extremities R-EEG  resting electroencephalography RelTox  Relational Toxicology [project] ReEND  reproductive endocrinology REM  random-effect model; rapid eye move- REEP  right end-expiratory pressure ment; recent-event memory; reticular ery- reev  reevaluate thematous mucinosis; return electrode reex  reexamine monitor; roentgen equivalent–man REF  ejection fraction at rest; rat embryo Rem  roentgen equivalent–man fibroblast; referred; refused; renal erythro- rem  radiation equivalent–man; removal poietic factor; restriction endonuclease fin- REMA  repetitive excess mixed anhydride gerprinting; right ventricular ejection fraction REMAB  radiation equivalent–manikin ab- ref  reference; reflex sorption Ref-1  redox factor 1 REMAIN  remission maintenance Ref Doc  referring doctor REMATCH  Randomized Evaluation of Me- REFI  regional ejection fraction image chanical Assistance in the Treatment of Con- ref ind  refractive index gestive Heart Failure [study] refl  reflex REMBRANDT  Rather Exciting and Memo- REFLECT-1  Randomized Evaluation of Flo- rable Blind Randomized Assessment of a sequinan on Exercise Tolerance–Initial Effi- New Drug on Three Continents cacy Trial REMCAL  radiation equivalent-manikin cali- REFLECT-2  Randomized Evaluation of Flo- bration sequinan on Exercise Tolerance–Dose Re- remit  remittent sponse Study REMO  regional emergency medical organi- REFLEX  Randomized Evaluation of Flose- zation quinan on Exercise Tolerance [study];  REMP  roentgen-equivalent–man period Restenosis Rates with Flexible GFX Stents REMPAN  radiation emergency medical [study] preparedness Ref Phys  referring physician REMS  rapid eye movement sleep; risk eval- REFRAD  released from active duty uation and mitigation strategy REFSA  Randomized European Femoral REMT  trigger-signal rapid eye movements Stent vs Angioplasty Trial REN  renal; renin RefSeq  Reference Sequence [database] REn, Ren  replication enhancer REG  radiation exposure guide; radioenceph- RENAAL  Reduction of Endpoints in alogram, radioencephalography Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Reg  registered with Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan reg  region; regular [trial] regen  regenerated, regenerating, regenera- rENaC  rat epithelial sodium channel tion RENEWAL  Randomized Trial of Endolumi- ReGIS  respiration-gated irradiation system nal Reconstruction Using the NIR Stent or REGRESS  Regression Growth Evaluation Wallstent in Angioplasty of Long Segment Statin Study Disease reg rhy  regular rhythm REO  respiratory enteric orphan [virus] REGU  regulation REOP  rural elderly outreach program regurg  regurgitation REP  reepithelialization; repaglinide; rep- REGWF  Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsch [test] lication protein; rest-exercise program; re- REH  renin essential hypertension striction endonuclease profile; retrograde rehab  rehabilitated, rehabilitation pyelogram; Rochester Epidemiology Project; REIN  Ramipril Effect in Nephropathy roentgen equivalent–physical [study] rep  replication; roentgen equivalent– REL  rate of energy loss; recommended expo- physical sure limit; resource location; resting expira- REPA  replication protein A tory level REPAIR  Reperfusion in Acute Infarction, rel  relative Rotterdam [study] RELACS  Reikjavik experimental light- repol  repolarization activated cell sorter REPR  reproductive RELANCA  relation between antineutrophil REPS  reactive extensor postural synergy cytoplasm autoantibody [ANCA] levels and reps  repetitions  369 rept  let it be repeated re-x  reexamination req  request, requested Rex  regulator x RER  renal excretion rate; replication error; Rext  external resistance respiratory exchange ratio; rough endoplas- RF  radial fiber; radiofrequency; rapid filling; mic reticulum readiness field; reading factor; receptive RER+  replication error positive field; regurgitant fraction; Reitland-Franklin RERC  Rehabilitation Engineering Research [unit]; relative flow; relative fluorescence; Center release factor; renal failure; replacement RERF  Radiation Effects Research Founda- fluid; replication factor; replicative form; re- tion population factor; resistance factor; resonant RES  radionuclide esophageal scintigraphy; frequency; respiratory failure; respiratory real environment sensing; Reproducibility frequency; reticular formation; retroperito- Echocardiography Study; reticuloendothelial neal fibromatosis; rheumatic fever; rheuma- system; Rotterdam Elderly Study toid factor; riboflavin; risk factor; root canal res  research; resection; resident; residue; filling; rosette formation resistance RF  rate of flow RESAC  Real-Time Expert System for Ad- Rf  ratio of distance traveled by solute to dis- vice and Control tance traveled by spot of pigment; respira- RESCUE  Randomized Evaluation of Sal- tory frequency; rutherfordium vage Angioplasty with Combined Utilization Rf  distance that a spot of a substance has of Endpoints [trial] moved from the point of application RESET  Real Safety and Efficacy of a rf  radiofrequency; rapid filling 3-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Follow- RFA  radiofrequency ablation; requirements ing Zotarolimus-Eluting Stents Implantation for accreditation; resident functional atlas; [trial] right femoral artery; right frontoanterior; risk Res Gen  Research Genetics [database] factor of atherosclerosis RESIST  Restenosis After Intravascular Ul- RFB  retained foreign body trasound-Guided Stenting [study] RFC  radiofrequency coil; replication factor RESNA  Rehabilitation Engineering Society C; request for comments; retrograde femoral of North America catheter; rosette-forming cell RESOLVD, RESOLVED  Randomized Eval- RFCA  radiofrequency catheter ablation uation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dys- RFD, RfD  reference dose function [study] RFDS  Royal Flying Doctors Service resp  respiration, respiratory; response RFE  relative fluorescence efficiency Resp Ther  respiratory therapy RFFIT  rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test REST  Raynaud phenomenon, esophageal rFGF1  recombinant fibroblast growth fac- motor dysfunction, sclerodactyly, and telan- tor 1 giectasia [syndrome]; regressive electro- rFGF2  recombinant fibroblast growth fac- shock therapy; Restenosis Stent Trial tor 2 RESTORE  Randomized Efficacy Study of RFH  right femoral hernia Tirofiban for Outcomes and Restenosis [trial] RFI  radiofrequency interference; recurrence- RESTT  respiratory therapy technician free interval; renal failure index; request for resusc  resuscitation information RET  retained; retention; reticular; reticulo- RFIED  round femoral inferior epiphysis dys- cyte; retina; right esotropia plasia ret  rad equivalent therapeutic RFK  Richardson-Flory-Kops [mask] RETA  Registry for the Endovascular Treat- RFL  right frontolateral ment of Aneurysms RFLA  rheumatoid factor–like activity retard  retardation, retarded RFLP  restriction fragment length polymor- ret cath  retention catheter phism RETEST  retention probability is initially es- RFLS  rheumatoid factor–like substance timated RFLV  restriction fragment length variant retic  reticulocyte Rfm  rifampin REU  rectal endoscopic ultrasonography RFNA  red fuming nitric acid reu  radiation effect unit RFP  rapid filling period; recurrent facial pa- REV  rat encephalomyelitis virus; reticuloen- ralysis; request for proposal; right frontopos- dotheliosis virus terior ReV  regulator of virion RF-PMR  radiofrequency percutaneous myo- rev  reverse; review; revolution cardial revascularization  370 RFPS  Royal Faculty of Physicians and Sur- RHA  Regional Health Authority; relative geons highest avidity; right hepatic artery RFR  rapid fluid resuscitation; refraction; RhA  rheumatoid arthritis relaxation-frequency relations RhAG  Rh-associated glycoprotein RFS  relapse-free survival; renal function RHB  regional hospital board; right heart by- study; rotating frame spectroscopy pass RFT  respiratory function test; right fronto- RHBF  reactive hyperemia blood flow transverse; rod-and-frame test rh-BMP  recombinant human bone morpho- RFU  relative fluorescence unit genetic protein RFV  right femoral vein; Royal Farm virus RHBs  Regional Hospital Boards rFVIIa  recombinant factor VIIA RHC  rad homolog in Cerevisiae; resin he- rFVIII  recombinant factor VIII moperfusion column; respiration has ceased; RFW  rapid filling wave right heart catheterization; right hypochon- RG  right gluteal drium; rural health center Rg  Rodgers [antigen]; roentgenium RHCSA  Regional Hospitals Consultants and rG  regular gene Specialists Association RgasD  relative gas density RHD  radiologic health data; relative hepatic RGB  red green blue dullness; renal hypertensive disease; rheu- RGBMT  renal glomerular basement mem- matic heart disease brane thickness RhD  Rhesus factor and D antigen RGC  radio gas chromatography; remnant RHDV  rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus gastric cancer; retinal ganglion cell; right RHDV-AST89  rabbit hemorrhagic disease giant cell virus AST89 RGD  range-gated Doppler; refractional geo- RHDV-BS89  rabbit hemorrhagic disease metric distortions virus BS89 RGE  relative gas expansion RHDV-FRG  rabbit hemorrhagic disease RGEA  right gastroepiploic artery virus FRG rGERD  robot-assisted anterior exentera- RHDV-V351  rabbit hemorrhagic disease tion virus V351 RGH  rat growth hormone RHDV-SD  rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus RGHBV  Ross’ goose hepatitis B virus SD RGI  recovery from growth inhibition rhDNase  recombinant human deoxyribo- RGL  random glucose level nuclease RGM  right gluteus medius RHE  retino-hepato-endocrine [syndrome] rGM-CSF  recombinant granulocyte macro- RHEED  reflection high-energy electron dif- phage colony-stimulating factor fraction RGN  refinement grouper number; Regis- rheo  rheology tered General Nurse rhEPO  recombinant human erythropoietin RGO  reciprocating gait orthosis rheu, rheum  rheumatic, rheumatoid RGP  retrograde pyelography RHF  restricted Hartree-Fock [level]; right RGR  relative growth rate heart failure RGS  regulation of Gα signaling; Rieger syn- Rh F  rheumatic fever drome rhFSH  recombinant human follicle stimu- RGU  regional glucose utilization lating hormone RGV  Rio Grande virus rhFVIII  recombinant human factor 8 RH  radiant heat; radiation hybrid; radiologic RHG  right-hand grip health; reactive hyperemia; recurrent herpes; rhG-CSF  recombinant human granulocyte regulatory hormone; rehabilitation; relative colony-stimulating factor humidity; releasing hormone; renal hemoly- rhGH  recombinant human growth hor- sis; retinal hemorrhage; reverse hybridization; mone ribonuclease H; right hand, right-handed; right rhGM-CSF  recombinant human granulo- heart; right hemisphere; right hyperphoria; cyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor room humidifier RHI  Rhesus factor immunoglobulin; Rural Rh  rhesus [factor]; rhinion; rhodamine; rho- Health Initiative dium RHIA  registered health information admin- Rh+  rhesus positive istrator Rh−  rhesus negative RhIG  Rh [Rhesus] factor immunoglobulin rh  recombinant human; rheumatic rhIGF  recombinant human insulin-like r/h  roentgens per hour growth factor [IGF]  371 rhIL  recombinant human interleukin rHV  recombinant hirudin variant RHIN  regional health information network RI  radiation intensity; radioactive isotope; Rhin  rhinology radioimmunology; recession index; recombi- rhino  rhinoplasty nant inbred; recurrent inhibition; refractive RHIT  registered health information techni- index; regenerative index; regional ileitis; cian regional information system; regular insulin; RHJSC  Regional Hospital Junior Staff relapse incidence; relative intensity; release Committee inhibition; remission induction; renal index; RHL  recurrent herpes labialis; right hepatic renal insufficiency; replicative intermediate; lobe resistive index; resistance index; respiratory RHLN  right hilar lymph node illness; respiratory index; response interval; rhm  roentgens per hour at 1 meter reticulocyte index; retroactive inhibition; ret- RHMAP  radiation hybrid mapping pro- roactive interference; ribosome; rosette gram index; rosette inhibition RhMK  rhesus monkey kidney RI  intracellular resistivity RhMk  rhesus monkey Ri  internal resistivity RhMkK  rhesus monkey kidney ri  intraclass correlation coefficient RHMV  right heart mixing volume RIA  radioimmunoassay; reamer irrigator as- RHN  Rockwell hardness number pirator; reference information model; revers- rhnRNP  recombinant heterogeneous nucle- ible ischemic attack ar ribonucleoprotein RIA-DA  radioimmunoassay double anti- Rhnull  erythrocytes that fail to express rhe- body sus antigens RIAS  Roter Interactional Analysis System RHO  rhodopsin; right heeloff Rib  riboflavin; ribose RHOA  radiographic hip osteoarthritis RIBA  recombinant immunoblot assay RHOM  rhombosine ribotyping  ribonucleic acid typing RH-PAT  reactive hyperemia peripheral ar- RIBS  Rutherford ion backscattering tery tonometry RIC  right internal carotid [artery]; right in- RHR  renal hypertensive rat; resting heart terventricular coronary [artery]; Royal Insti- rate tute of Chemistry r/hr  roentgens per hour RICE  replicating and integrating controlled RHRV  relative heart rate variability expression; rest, ice, compression, and eleva- RHS  radius head subluxation; Ramsay tion Hunt syndrome; Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome; RICF  intracellular fluid resistance reciprocal hindlimb scratching [syndrome]; RICM  right intercostal margin Richner-Hanhart syndrome; right-hand side; RiCoF  ristocetin cofactor right heelstrike RICP  recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis of RHSC  Royal Hospital for Sick Children pregnancy RHSIG  Rehabilitation Hospitals Special In- RICS  right intercostal space terest Group RICU  respiratory intensive care unit rhSp1  recombinant human Sp1 protein RID  radial immunodiffusion; reduced inter- RHT  renal homotransplantation ference distribution; remission-inducing RHTC  rural health training center drug; ruptured intervertebral disk rH-TNF  recombinant human tumor necrosis RIDDOR  Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, factor and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations rh-tPA  recombinant human tissue plasmin- RIDL  retrograde intrarenal lithotripsy ogen activator RIE  reactive ion etching rhTPO  recombinant human thrombopoi- RIF  radiation-induced fibrosis; radiologic etin interface; release-inhibiting factor; rifabutin; RHU  registered health underwriter; rheuma- rifampin; right iliac fossa; rosette-inhibiting tology factor rHuEPO  recombinant human erythropoietin RIFA  radioiodinated fatty acid rHuGCF  recombinant human granulocyte RIFC  rat intrinsic factor concentrate colony-stimulating factor RIFLE  risk factor and life expectancy rhuMAb  recombinant human monoclonal rIFN  recombinant interferon antibody RIFS  remedial investigation/feasibility study rHuTNF  recombinant human tumor necrosis RIG  rabies immune globulin; rat insuloma factor gene RHV  right hepatic vein RIGH  rabies immune globulin, human  372 RIGHT  Cerivastatin Gemfibrozil Hyperlip- Coronary Artery Disease [study]; RNA- idemia Treatment [study] induced silencing complex RIH  right inguinal hernia RISK  Risk Intervention Skills Study RIHD  radiation-induced heart disease RIS/PACS  radiologic information system/ RIHSA  radioactive iodinated human serum picture archiving and communication system albumin RIST  radioimmunosorbent test RIJ  right internal jugular RISUG  Reversible Inhibition of Sperm RIKEN  Institute of Physical and Clinical Under Guidance Research RIT  radioimmune trypsin; radioimmuno- rIL  recombinant interleukin therapy; radioiodinated triolein; radioiodine RILT  rabbit ileal loop test treatment; rosette inhibition titer RIM  radioisotope medicine; recurrent in- RITA  Randomised Intervention Treatment duced malaria; reference information model; of Angina; right internal thoracic artery relative-intensity measure RITC  rhodamine isothiocyanate RIMA  reverse inhibitor of monoamino oxi- RITED  Italian Registry of Echo-Dobutamine dase A; right internal mammary artery RIU  radioactive iodine uptake; refractive riMLF  rostral interstitial median longitudi- index unit nal fasciculus RIV  retinal image velocity RIMR  Rockefeller Institute for Medical Re- RIVC  right inferior vena cava search RIVD  ruptured intervertebral disk RIMS  resonance ionization mass spectrom- RJA  regurgitant jet area etry RK  rabbit kidney; radial keratotomy; reduc- RIN  radiation-induced neoplasm; radioiso- tase kinase; rhodopsin kinase; right kidney tope nephrography; rat insulinoma Rk  restitution constant Rin  input resistance RKG  radiocardiogram RINB  Reitan-Indiana Neuropsychological RKH  Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser [syndrome] Battery RKIP  raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein RIND  reversible ischemic neurologic deficit RKM  rokitamycin RINN  recommended international nonpro- RKV  rabbit kidney vacuolating [virus] prietary name RKY  roentgen kymography RIO  right inferior oblique RL  radial line; radiation laboratory; reduc- RIOMV  Rio Mamore virus tion level; relaxation labeling; renal RIOSV  Rio Secundo virus dysplasia-limb defects [syndrome]; resistive RIP  radioimmunoprecipitation; reflex inhib- load; reticular lamina; right lateral; right leg; iting pattern; repeat-induced point; respira- right lung; Ringer’s lactate; run length tory inductance plethysmography R&L  right and left RIPA  radioimmunoprecipitation assay RL  lung resistance RIPH  Royal Institute of Public Health RLA  Ranchos de los Amigos [Cognitive RIPHH  Royal Institute of Public Health and Functioning Scale]; right lung apices Hygiene RLC  residual lung capacity RIPP  resistive-intermittent positive pres- RLD  reference-listed drug; related living sure donor; ruptured lumbar disc RIPRN  Rural and Isolated Practice Regis- RLE  right lower extremity tered Nurse RLF  retrolental fibroplasia; right lateral fem- RIPV  right inferior pulmonary vein oral RIR  relative incidence rates; right interior RLG  regional librarians group rectus RLGS  restriction landmark genomic scan- RIRB  radioiodinated rose bengal ning RIRL  retrograde intrarenal lipotripsy rliPCR  restriction cleavage, self-ligation, RIRS  retrograde intrarenal surgery inverse polymerase chain reaction RIS  radiology information system; rapid im- RLIU  regional library and information unit munofluorescence staining; relative intensity RLL  right lobe of liver; right lower limb; score; resonance ionization spectroscopy right lower lobe; run length limited Ris  resistivity of the interstitium RLLS  relative laser light scattering ris  interstitial resistance RLM  right lower medial RISA  radioactive iodinated serum albumin; rLM  recombinant Listeria monocytogenes radioimmunosorbent assay RLMA  reinforced laryngeal mask airway RISC  Radiology Information System Con- RLN  recurrent laryngeal nerve; regional sortium; Research Group on Instability in lymph node; relaxin  373 RLNC  regional lymph node cell RME  rapid maxillary expansion; reasonable RLND  regional lymph node dissection maximum exposure; receptor-mediated en- RLO  residual lymphatic output docytosis; resting metabolic expenditure; RLP  radiation leukemia protection; right mediolateral episiotomy ribosome-like particle RMEC  regional medical education center RLPV  right lower pulmonary vein RMED  rural medical education RLQ  right lower quadrant RME/FM  rapid maxillary expansion and RLR  right lateral rectus face mask RLS  recursive least square; restless leg syn- RMF  recursive median filter; right middle drome; Ringer lactate solution; Roussy-Levy finger syndrome; run-length statistics RMI  recent myocardial infarction; remote RLSB  right lower scapular border method invocation; reticulocyte maturity R-Lsh, R-L shunt  right-left shunt index RLSL  recursive least square lattice R-MIM  refined message information model RLT  ralitoline Rmin,L  minimum resistance, lung RLU  relative light unit Rmin,rs  minimum resistance, respiratory RLV  Rauscher leukemia virus system RLWD  routine laboratory work done RMK  rhesus monkey kidney RLX  relaxin RML  radiation myeloid leukemia; regional RLXH  relaxin H medical library; right mediolateral; right RLZ  right lower zone middle lobe RM  mutant reverse; radical mastectomy; RMLB  right middle lobe bronchus radon monitor; random migration; range of RMLS  right middle lobe syndrome movement; red marrow; reference material; RMLV  Rauscher murine leukemia virus rehabilitation medicine; reinforced maneu- RMM  rapid micromedia method ver; relative magnitude; relative mobility; RMN  Registered Mental Nurse resistive movement; respiratory movement; RMO  regional medical officer; resident respiratory muscle; restoration maximization; medical officer Riehl melanosis; risk management; routine RMP  rapidly miscible pool; regional medi- management; ruptured membranes cal program; regional myocardial infarction; Rm  relative mobility; remission resting membrane potential; ribulose mono- Rm  membrane resistance phosphate pathway; rifampin; right mento- 1RM  one-repetition maximum posterior; risk management planning; risk rm  membrane resistance per unit length management program rm  remission; room RMPA  Royal Medico-Psychological Asso- RMA  rapid membrane assay; refuses ciation medical advice; Registered Medical Assis- RMR  relative maximum response; repair- tant; relative medullary area; right mentoan- misrepair model; resting metabolic rate; right terior medial rectus RMANOVA  repeated measures analysis of RMRS  Regenstrief Medical Record System variance RMS  rectal morphine sulfate; red man syn- RMAT  rapid microagglutination test drome; repetitive motion syndrome; residual Rmax  maximum resistance mean square; resource management system; Rmax  maximum response respiratory muscle strength; rhabdomyosar- Rmax,L  maximum resistance, lung coma; rheumatic mitral stenosis; rhodomyo- Rmax,w  maximum resistance, chest wall sarcoma; rigid man syndrome; root mean RMB  right mainstem bronchus square RMBF  regional myocardial blood flow rms  root mean square RMC  reticular magnocellular [nucleus]; RMSA  regulator of mitotic spindle assem- right middle cerebral [artery]; Rozsos micro- bly; rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar cholecystectomy RMSa  rhabdomyosarcoma RMCA  right middle cerebral artery RMSCR  rhabdomyosarcoma chromosomal RMCH  rod monochromacy; rod monochro- region matism RMSD  root mean square deviation RMCL  recommended maximum contami- RMSE, rmse  root mean square error nant level; right midclavicular line RMSF  Rocky Mountain spotted fever RMD  retromanubrial dullness RMSS  Ruvalcaba-Myhre-Smith syndrome RMDP  Resource Mothers Development RMSSD  root mean square of successive dif- Project ferences  374 RMT  Registered Medical Transcriptionist; RNV  radionuclide venography; radionu- Registered Music Therapist; relative medul- clide ventriculogram/ventriculography lary thickness; retromolar trigone; right men- RNVG  radionuclide ventriculogram/ven- totransverse triculography RMUI  relief medication unit index RO  radiation oncology; radiation output; RMuLV  Rauscher murine leukemia virus ratio of; reduced obesity; relative odds; renal RMV  respiratory minute volume osteodystrophy; reverse osmosis; Ritter- RMZ  right midzone Oleson [technique]; routine order; rule out RN  narrower semantic relationship; radio- R/O, r/o  rule out nuclide; red nucleus; reflux neuropathy; Reg- ro  radius of orifice istered Nurse; registry number; residual ROA  regurgitant orifice area; right occipito- nitrogen; reticular nucleus anterior Rn  radon ROAD  reversible obstructive airway dis- RNA  radionuclide angiography; Registered ease Nurse Anesthetist; ribonucleic acid; rough, ROAT  renal organic anion transporter; re- noncapsulated, avirulent peat open application test RNAA  radiochemical neutron activation ROATS  rabbit ovarian antitumor serum analysis rob  robertsonian translocation RNA-BP  ribonucleic acid-binding protein ROBCAD  robotic computer-assisted diag- RNAi  ribonucleic acid interference nosis RNAP  ribonucleic acid polymerase ROBUST  Recanalization of Occluded By- RNAse, RNase  ribonuclease pass Graft with Prolonged Urokinase Infu- RNase P  ribonuclease P sion Site Trial RNasin  ribonuclease inhibitor ROC  receiver operating characteristic; re- RNC  repressing nucleoprotein complex ceiver operating curve; receptor-operated RN-C  Registered Nurse certification channels; relative operating characteristic; RNCG  relative negative charge resident on call; residual organic carbon; RNCM  Registered Nurse Case Manager right outer canthus RNCS  Registered Nurse Certified Special- ROCFT  Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure ist; Registered Nurse Clinical Specialist Test RND  radical neck dissection; radionuclide ROCK  Rho-associated kinase dacryography; reactive neurotic depression; ROCKET  Regionally Organized Cardiac regional nodal disease; respiratory nursing Key European Trial diagnosis rOCT  rat organic cation transporter RNFL  retinal nerve fiber layer ROCV  Rocio virus RNFP  Registered Nurse Fellowship Pro- ROD  record of decision gram RODA  rapid opioid detoxification under RNGF  rhodamine–nerve growth factor general anesthesia RNI  reactive nitrogen intermediate RODEO  rotating delivery of excitation off RNIB  Royal National Institute for the Blind resonance RNICU  regional neonatal intensive care unit rOEF  regional oxygen extraction fraction RNID  Royal National Institute for the Deaf roent  roentgenology RNINMEGLA  rat integral membrane glyco- ROESY  rotating frame Overhauser effect protein gene spectroscopy RNL  Reintegration to Normal Living [index] ROGAD  radiation oncology greater area RNNP  Registered Nurse–Nurse Practitio- database ner ROH  rat ovarian hyperemia RNP  ribonucleoprotein ROI  range of interest; reactive oxygen inter- RNP-CS  ribonucleoprotein consensus se- mediate; region of interest; right occipitolat- quence eral RNR  ribonucleotide reductase ROIH  right oblique inguinal hernia RNS  reactive nitrogen species; reference ROJM  range of joint motion normal serum; repetitive nerve stimulation; ROLL  radioguided occult lesion localization replacement normal saline; ribonuclease ROM  range of motion; reactive oxygen me- RNSC  radionuclide superior cavography tabolite; read-only memory; reduction of Rnt  roentgenology movement; regional office manual; removal RNTMI  transfer ribonucleic acid initiator of metal; rupture of membranes methionine Rom  Romberg [sign] rNTP  ribonuclease-5′-triphosphate rom  reciprocal ohm meter  375 ROMAS  Romanian Multicenter Study proliferans; retrograde pyelogram; retroperi- ROM CP  range of motion complete and toneal; reverse phase; rheumatoid polyarthri- pain free tis; ribonucleoprotein; ribose phosphate; ROMI  rating of medication influence; rule ribosomal protein; Roswell Park [database] out myocardial infarct R5P  ribose-5-phosphate ROMIO  Rule Out Myocardial Infarct Ob- R/P  respiratory pulse servation [study] Rp  peripheral resistance ROMS  radiation oncology management Rp  pulmonary resistance system RPA  radial photon absorptiometry; rep- ROOF  retro-orbital orbicular fat lication protein A; resultant physiologic ROP  removal of pins or plates; removal of acceleration; retinitis punctata albescens; plaster; retinopathy of prematurity; right oc- retroperitoneal approach; reverse passive cipitoposterior anaphylaxis; right pulmonary artery RO PACS  radiation oncology picture ar- r-PA  reteplase chiving and communication system rPAF  receptor for platelet activating factor ROPE  respiratory-ordered phase encoding RPAHPET  Royal Prince Albert Hospital ROPS  rollover protective structure Positron Emission Tomography [study] ROR  reactive oxygen radical; risk odds ratio RPase  ribonucleic acid polymerase Ror  Rorschach [test] RPC  reactive perforating collagenosis; re- ROS  reactive oxygen species; reflectance lapsing polychondritis; relative proliferative optical shield; relative outcome score; review capacity; remote procedure call; restorative of systems; rod outer segment proctocolectomy RoS  rostral sulcus RPCA  reverse passive cutaneous anaphy- ROSC  restoration of spontaneous circula- laxis tion; return of spontaneous circulation RPCF, RPCFT  Reiter protein complement ROSETTA  Routine vs. Selective Exercise fixation test Treadmill Test After Angioplasty [trial] RPCGN  rapidly progressive crescenting ROSP  rod outer segment protein glomerulonephritis ROSS  radiotherapy oncology support sys- RPCH  rural primary care hospital tem; review of subjective symptoms RPD  removable partial denture ROSTER  Rotational Atherectomy v. Bal- R-PDQ  revised prescreening developmental loon Angioplasty for In-stent Restenosis questionnaire [trial] RPE  rapid palatal expansion; rate of per- ROT  real oxygen transport; remedial occu- ceived exertion; recurrent pulmonary embo- pational therapy; right occipito-transverse lism; retinal pigment epithelium; ribulose rot  rotating, rotation 5-phosphate 3-epimerase ROTA  rotablator atherectomy RPEP  rabies post exposure prophylaxis ROTACS  rotational angioplasty catheter RPET  rapid partial exchange transfusion system RPF  relaxed pelvic floor; renal plasma flow; ROTASTENT  Rotational Atherectomy with retroperitoneal fibrosis Adjunctive Stenting [trial] rPFS  radiographic progression-free survival ROU  recurrent oral ulcer RPG  radiation protection guide; retrograde Rout  outflow resistance pyelogram; rheoplethysmography; right ROW  Rendu-Osler-Weber [syndrome]; rest paracolic gutter of the world RPGMEC  Regional Postgraduate Medical ROXIS  Roxithromycin in Ischemic Syn- Education Committee dromes [study] RPGN  rapidly progressive glomerulone- RP  radial pulse; radical prostatectomy; ra- phritis diographic planimetry; radiopharmaceutical; RPGR  retinitis pigmentosa guanosine tri- rapid processing; rapid prototyping; Raynaud phosphatase regulator [gene] phenomenon; reactive protein; readiness po- RPh  Registered Pharmacist tential; recessive partitioning; recreation and RPHA  reversed passive hemagglutination pastime; rectal prolapse; re-entrant pathway; RPHAMCFA  reversed passive hemaggluti- refractory period; regu­latory protein; relaps- nation by miniature centrifugal fast analysis ing polychondritis; relative power or potency; RP-HPLC, rpHPLC  reverse-phase high-per- reperfusion; replication protein; resident phy- formance liquid chromatography sician; respiratory rate; responsible party; rest RPI  regional perfusion index; relative per- pain; resting position; resting potential; rest- centage index; reticulocyte production index; ing pressure; retinitis pigmentosa; retinitis ribose 5-phosphate isomerase  376 RPIPP  reverse-phase ion pair partition RPVC  resource provider of virtual center RPK  ribosephosphate kinase RPVP  right posterior ventricular pre- RPL  recurrent pregnancy loss; right precor- excitation dial lead RQ  recovery quotient; [Hazardous Sub- RPLAD  retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy stance] Reportable Quantities [List]; report- RPLC  reverse-phase liquid chromatography able quantity; respiratory quotient; risk-  RPLD  repair of potentially lethal damage adjusted quantity RPLES  reversible posterior leukoencepha- RQDS  Revised Quantified Denver Scale of lopathy syndrome Communication RPLND  retroperitoneal lymph node dissec- RQL  rejectable quality level tion RR  radiation reaction; radiation response; RPM  Rapid Pharmaceutical Management; rate ratio; rational recovery; recovery room; rapid processing mode; revolutions per min- recurrence risk; reference reagent; regulatory ute; robust point matching region; relative resistance; relative response; rpm  rapid processing mode; revolutions per relative risk; renin release; resistant relapse; minute respiratory rate; respiratory reserve; response RPMD  rheumatic pain-modulation disorder rate; results reporting; retinal reflex; rheuma- RPMI  Roswell Park Memorial Institute toid rosette; ribonucleotide reductase; risk RPMS  relapsing-progressive multiple scle- ratio; Riva-Rocci [sphygmomanometer]; rosis; resource and patient management sys- Ross River [virus]; ruthenium red tem R&R  rate and rhythm; rest and recuperation; RPN  Registered Practical Nurse rotablator and restenosis RPO  right posterior oblique Rr  respiratory rate RPP  heart rate–systolic blood pressure RRA  radioreceptor assay; registered record product; rate-pressure product; retropubic administrator prostatectomy RRAC  Research Realignment Advisory RPPA  reverse-phase protein microarray Committee RPPI  role perception picture inventory RRBAT  relative rigid body accuracy test RPPR  red cell precursor production rate RRC  residency review committee; risk re- RPR  rapid plasmin reagin; Reiter protein duction component; routine respiratory care; reagin Royal Red Cross; rural referral center RPr  retinitis proliferans; rotational pan- RRC-EM  residency review committee for oramic radiography emergency medicine RPRC  regional primate research center RRDS  radiation-resistant DNA synthesis RPRCT  rapid plasma reagin cord test RRE  radiation-related eosinophilia; Rev re- RPRF  rapidly progressive renal failure sponse element Rp:Rs  pulmonary/systemic vascular resis- RRE, RR&E  round, regular, and equal tance ratio RRF  ragged red fiber; residual renal func- RPS  renal pressor substance; reverse pivot tion; ribosome recycling factor; rigid rectus shift; revolutions per second femoris rps  revolutions per second RRFC  renal reserve filtration capacity RPS-BLAST  reverse position-specific iter- RR-HPO  rapid recompression–high-pres- ated basic local alignment search tool sure oxygen RPSM  residency program in social medi- RRI  recurrent respiratory infection; reflex cine relaxation index; relative response index RPSP  reference preparation for serum pro- RRIS  recurrent respiratory infection syn- teins drome RPS4Y  ribosomal protein S4, Y-linked RRL  rabbit reticulocyte lysate; Registered RPT  rapid pull-through; refractory period of Record Librarian transmission; Registered Physical Therapist; RRM  RNA recognition motif; ribonucleo- renal parenchymal thickness; rifapentine tide reductase M RPTA  renal percutaneous transluminal an- RRMS  relapsing-remitting multiple sclero- gioplasty sis RPTC  regional poison treatment center RRN  returning [for advanced studies] regis- Rptd  ruptured tered nurse RPTK  receptor protein tyrosine kinase rRNA  ribosomal ribonucleic acid RPTP  receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase rRNP  ribosomal ribonucleoprotein RPV  raccoon parvovirus; rinderpest virus; RRP  recurrent respiratory papillomatosis; right portal vein; right pulmonary vein relative refractory period  377 RRPCE  Reduction of Recurrence and Pre- RScP  right scapuloposterior vention of Cerebral Emboli [study] RSD  rad surface dose; reflex sympathetic RRpm  respiratory rate per minute dystrophy; relative standard deviation RRR  regular rhythm and rate; relative risk RSDS  reflex sympathetic dystrophy syn- reduction; renin release rate; renin release drome ratio RSE  rapid spin-echo; reconstruction squared RR&R  regular rate and rhythm error; refractory status epilepticus; relative RRS  result reporting repository system; ret- standard error rorectal space; Richards-Rundle syndrome RSEP  right somatosensory evoked potential RRS  respiratory system resistance RSES  Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale RRT  random response technique; recom- RSF  rich sequence format mended replacement time; Registered Respi- RSG  rosiglitazone ratory Therapist; relative retention time; RSGP  revised scaled gradient projection renal replacement therapy; retrieved related RSH  relative sitting height; Royal Society of term Health RRU  respiratory resistance unit RSHT  regular SNOMED (Systematized No- RRV  Ross River virus menclature of Medicine) hierarchies table RRV-TV  tetravalent rhesus–human rotavi- RSI  rapid-sequence induction; rapid se- rus vaccine quence intubation; repetition strain injury; RS  radioscaphoid; radiosurgery; random repetitive stress injury; Rush Sexual Inven- sample; rating schedule; Raynaud syndrome; tory reaction stimulus; recipient serum; rectal RSIC  Radiation Shielding Information sinus; rectal suppository; rectosigmoid; re- Center ducing substance; Reed-Sternberg [cell]; re- RSIL  respiratory and systemic infection inforcing stimulus; Reiter syndrome; relative laboratory stimulus; remote sensing; remote site; renal R-SIRS  Revised Seriousness of Illness Rat- specialist; respiratory syncytial [virus]; respi- ing Scale ratory system; response to stimulus; resting RSIVP  rapid-sequence intravenous pyelog- subject; reticulated siderocyte; retino­schisis; raphy Rett syndrome; review of symptoms; Reye RSK  ribosomal S6 kinase syndrome; right sacrum; Reykjavik Study RSL  radioactive seed localization; right sa- RNA synthetase; right septum; right side; crolateral; robotic suture line right stellate; Ringer solution; Roberts syn- RSLD  repair of sublethal damage drome; Rous sarcoma RSLT  test result Rs  Rauwolfia serpentina; systemic resis- RSM  risk screening model; Royal Society of tance Medicine R/s  roentgens per second RSMR  relative standard mortality rate rs  rank correlation coefficient RSN  restin; right substantia nigra RSA  rabbit serum albumin; regular spiking RSNA  Radiological Society of North Amer- activity; relative specific activity; relative ica; renal sympathetic nerve activity standard accuracy; respiratory sinus arrhyth- RSO  radiation safety officer; Resident Sur- mia; right sacroanterior; right subclavian ar- gical Officer; right superior oblique tery; roentgenographic stereogrammetric rSO2  regional oxygen saturation analysis RSP  rapid straight pacing; rat serum protein; Rsa  systemic arterial resistance recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax; re- RSAC  regular source of ambulatory care movable silicone plug; respirable suspended RSB  reticulocyte standard buffer; right ster- particulate; ribose-5-phosphatase; right sa- nal border croposterior RSBA  recurrent subareolar breast abscess RSPAC  remote-sensing public access center RSBD  rapid eye movement sleep behavior RSPCA  Royal Society for the Prevention of disorder Cruelty to Animals RSC  rat spleen cell; rested state contraction; RS-PCR  RNA-specific template polymerase reversible sickle cell; right subclavian chain reaction RSCA  reference strand–mediated conforma- RS3PE  remitting seronegative symmetrical tional analysis synovitis with pitting edema RScA  right scapuloanterior RSPH  Royal Society for the Promotion of RSCAAL  remote-sensing chemical agent Health alarm RSPK  recurrent spontaneous psychokinesis RSCN  Registered Sick Children’s Nurse RSPV  right superior pulmonary vein  378 RSR  rectosphincteric reflex response/ Rt  right; total resistance stimulus ratio; regular sinus rhythm; relative rT  recurrent tumor; ribothymidine survival rate; right superior rectus rt  right; room temperature rSr  an electrocardiographic complex RTA  ray-tracing algorithm; renal tubular RSS  rat stomach strip; recombination signal acidosis; reverse-transcriptase assay; road sequence; rectosigmoidoscopy; repetitive traffic accident stress syndrome; rotary subluxation of the RTAA  ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm sphenoid; Russell-Silver syndrome; Russian RTAD  renal tubular acidification defect spring-summer [encephalitis] rTag  recombinant small T antigen RSSE  Russian spring-summer encephalitis rTAP  recombinant tick anticoagulant pep- RSSI  received signal strength indication tide RSSR  relative slow sinus rate RT(ARRT)  Radiologic Technologist certi- RST  radiosensitivity test; rapid surfactant fied by the American Registry of Radiologic test; reagin screen test; repeated significance Technologists test; right sacrotransverse; rubrospinal tract RTAS  radiology telephone access system Rst  distance a spot of a substance has moved RTC  rape treatment center; regional tubercu- relative to a reference-standard spot losis centre; renal tubular cell; residential RSTD  rectal–skin temperature difference treatment center; return to clinic; reverse R-step  restoration step thrust catheter rSTERN  recurrent spatiotemporal neuron rtc  return to clinic RSTI  Radiological Service Training Institute RTCL  Radiotherapy Command Language RSTL  relaxed skin tension lines rTCMS  repetitive transcranial magnetic RSTLs  relaxed skin tension lines stimulation RSTMH  Royal Society of Tropical Medi- RT-CT  radiotherapy dedicated computed to- cine and Hygiene mography RSTS  retropharyngeal soft tissue space; RTD  real time three-dimensional; renal tu- Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome bular defect; renal tubular dysgenesis; renal RSTV  Rost Island virus tubular dysplasia; resonant tunneling device; RSU  radiologic sciences unit routine test dilution RSV  regurgitant stroke volume; respiratory Rtd  retarded syncytial virus; right subclavian vein; Rous RT3DE  real-time three-dimensional echo- sarcoma virus cardiography RSVC  right superior vena cava RTE  Registry of Toxic Effects RSVP  rejuvenation with sparing of vascular RTEC  Regional Technology and Education perforators; retired senior volunteer program Consortium RSV-Pr-C  Rous sarcoma virus, Prague C RTECS  Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemi- RSV-SR-D  Rous sarcoma virus, Schmidt- cal Substances Ruppin D RTF  resistance transfer factor; respiratory RSV-SR-B  Rous sarcoma virus, Schmidt- tract fluid; rich text format Ruppin B RTG  radioactive thermal generator; renal RT  rabbit trachea; radiologic technologist; threshold of glucose radiotelemetry; radiotherapy; radium thera- RTG-2  rainbow trout gonadal tissue cells py; random transfusion; rapid tranquiliza- RTH  resistance to thyroid hormone tion; rational therapy; reaction time; reading RTI  reproductive tract infection; respiratory test; real time; reciprocating tachycardia; re- tract infection; retrograde tracheal intuba- covery time; recreational therapy; rectal tem- tion; reverse transcriptase inhibition perature; red tetrazolium; red top; reduction RTK  receptor tyrosine kinase; rhabdoid time; reference terminology; Registered tumor of the kidney Technician; related term; relaxation time; rtl  rectal renal transplantation; repetition time; repo- rt lat  right lateral larization time; resistance transfer; respira- RTM  registered trademark tory therapist/therapy; response time; rest rTMS  repetitive transcranial magnetic stim- tremor; retention time; retransformation; re- ulation trieved term; reverse transcriptase; reverse RTN  renal tubular necrosis transcription; Riedel thyroiditis; right; right RTn  reverse transcription intermediate thigh; robust take; room temperature; RT(N)(ARRT)  Radiologic Technologist Rubinstein-Taybi [syndrome] (Nuclear Medicine) certified by the Ameri- RT3, rT3  reverse triiodothyronine can Registry of Radiologic Technologists RT90  time to 90% relaxation RTNet  radiotherapy networking system  379 rTNF  recombinant tumor necrosis factor RUMP  remnants of uncertain malignant po- RTO  return to office; right toe-off tential RTOG  radiation therapy oncology group RuMP  ribulose monophosphate pathway RTP  radiation/radiotherapy treatment plan- RUOQ  right upper outer quadrant ning; renal transplantation patient; reverse RUP  right upper pole transcriptase producing Ru1,5P  ribulose-1,5-biphosphate rTPA, rtPA, rt-PA  recombinant tissue Ru5P  ribulose-5-phosphate plasminogen activator rupt  ruptured RT-PACS  radiotherapy picture archival and RUPV  right upper pulmonary vein communication system RUQ  right upper quadrant RT-PCR  reverse transcriptase polymerase RUR  resin uptake ratio chain reaction RURTI  recurrent upper respiratory tract in- RTPV  radiation therapy planning and verifi- fection cation; RT parvovirus RUS  radioulnar synostosis; real-time ultra- RTR  Recreational Therapist, Registered; sonography red blood cell turnover rate; retention time RUSB  right upper sternal border ratio RUT  rapid urease test RT(R)(ARRT)  Registered Technologist (Ra- RUTH  Raloxifene Use for the Heart [study] diography) certified by the American Regis- RUV  residual urine volume try of Radiologic Technologists RUX  right upper extremity RT-RH  reverse transcriptase–ribonuclease H RUZ  right upper zone RTRR  return to recovery room RV  ranavirus; random variable; rat virus; RTS  rapid throughput screening; real-time Rauscher virus; rectovaginal; regurgitant vol- scan; Rett syndrome; Revised Trauma Score; ume; reinforcement value; renal vein; reovi- right toe strike; Rothmund-Thomson syn- rus; residual volume; respiratory volume; drome; Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome retroventral; retroversion; retrovesical; retro- RTSS  rest technetium-99m sestamibi scan virus; return visit; rhabdovirus; rheumatoid RTT  round-trip time vasculitis; rhinovirus; right ventricle, right RT(T)(ARRT)  Radiologic Technologist (Ra- ventricular; rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine; ru- diation Therapy) certified by the American bella vaccine; rubella virus; Russell’s viper Registry of Radiologic Technologists R/V, R&V  record and verify RTTP  radiation therapy treatment planning RV  radius of view RTU  real-time ultrasonography; relative Rv  venous resistance time unit; renal transplantation unit RVA  rabies vaccine, activated; recombinant RT3U  resin triiodothyronine uptake virus assay; reentrant ventricular arrhythmia; RTUI  respiratory therapy utilization index right ventricle activation; right ventricular RTV  recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula; apex; right vertebral artery resistance to voltage; rhinotracheitis virus; RV-A to -G  Rotaviruses A to G ritonavir; room temperature vulcanization RVAD  right ventricular assist device RTW  return to work RVAW  right ventricle anterior wall RTX  resiniferatoxin; robustotoxin RVB  red venous blood RU  radioulnar; rat unit; reading unit; resid- RVBF  reversed vertebral blood flow ual urine; resin uptake; resistance unit; retro- RVC  reason for visit classification; recto- grade urogram; right upper; roentgen unit vaginal constriction RU-1  human embryonic lung fibroblasts RVD  regulatory volume decrease; relative RU-486  mifepristone vertebral density; relative vessel diameter; ru  radiation unit relative volume decrease; right ventricular RUA  reduced under anesthesia dimension; right ventricular dysplasia RUBV  rubella virus RVDC  right ventricular diastolic collapse RUC  rapid update cycle RVDO  right ventricular diastolic overload RUCAM  Roussel Uclaf Causality Assess- RVDV  right ventricular diastolic volume ment Method RVE  right ventricular enlargement RUD  recurrent ulcer of the duodenal bulb; RVECP  right ventricular endocardial poten- repeating unit domain tial RUE  right upper extremity RVED  right ventricular end-diastolic RUG  resource utilization group; retrograde RVEDD  right ventricular end-diastolic di- urethrography ameter RUL  right upper eyelid; right upper lateral; RVEDP  right ventricular end-diastolic pres- right upper limb; right upper lobe sure  380 RVEDV  right ventricular end-diastolic vol- RVSO  right ventricular stroke output ume RVSP  right ventricular systolic pressure RVEDVI  right ventricular end-diastolic vol- RVSV  right ventricular stroke volume ume index RVSW  right ventricular stroke work RVEF  right ventricular ejection fraction; RVSWI  right ventricular stroke work index right ventricular end flow RVT  radical vaginal trachelectomy; renal RVESV  right ventricular end-systolic vol- vein thrombosis ume RVTE  recurring venous thromboembolism RVET  right ventricular ejection time RV/TLC  residual volume/total lung capacity RVF  renal vascular failure; residual volume RVU  relative value unit fraction; Rift Valley fever; right ventricular RVV  right ventricular volume; rubella failure; right visual field vaccine–like virus; Russell’s viper venom RVFP  right ventricular filling pressure rVV  recombinant vaccinia virus RVFV  Rift Valley fever virus RVVO  right ventricular volume overload RVG  radionuclide ventriculogram or ven- RVVT  Russell’s viper venom time triculography; right ventral gluteus; right RVW  right ventricular wall visceral ganglion RVWT  right ventricle wall thickness RVH  renal vascular hypertension, renovas- RW  radiologic warfare; ragweed; respirato- cular hypertension; right ventricular hyper- ry work; Romano-Ward [syndrome]; round trophy window RVHD  rheumatic valvular heart disease R-W  Rideal-Walker [coefficient]; Romano- RVHR  renovascular hypertensive rat Ward [syndrome] RVI  relative value index; right ventricle in- R/W  return to work farction RWAGE  ragweed antigen E RVID  ventricular internal dimension RWC  receiving water concentration; region- RVIT  right ventricular inflow tract al weaning center RV-IVRT  right ventricular isovolumic relax- RWI  recreational water illness ation time RWIS  restraint and water immersion RVL  right vastus lateralis stress RVLG  right ventrolateral gluteal RWJF  Robert Wood Johnson Foundation RVLM  rostral ventrolateral medulla RWM  regional wall motion RVM  right ventricular mass; right ventricu- RWMA  regional wall motion abnormality lar mean RWP  ragweed pollen; R-wave progression RVMM  rostral ventromedial medulla RWS  radiology work station; ragweed sen- RVN  radionuclide ventriculogram sitivity RVO  regional veterinary officer; relaxed RWT  random walk theory; relative wall vaginal outlet; right ventricular outflow thickness RVOT  right ventricular outflow tract RWV  rotating wall vessel RVOTO  right ventricular outflow tract ob- RX  rapid exchange; reaction; residual tumor struction not assessed RVP  red veterinary petrolatum; resting ve- Rx  drug; medication; pharmacy; prescribe, nous pressure; right ventricular pressure prescription; prescription drug; take [Lat. RVPEP  right ventricular preejection period recipe]; therapy; treatment RVPFR  right ventricular peak filling rate Rx&D  Canada’s Research-Based Pharma- RVP/LVP  right ventricular pressure/left ceutical Companies ventricular pressure ratio RXLI  recessive X-linked ichthyosis RVPRA  renal vein plasma renin activity RXN  reaction RVR  reduced vascular response; renal vas- RXR  retinoid X receptor cular resistance; repetitive ventricular re- RXRA  retinoid X receptor alpha sponse; resistance to venous return RXRE  retinoic X response element RVRA  renal vein/venous renin activity RXRG  retinoid X receptor gamma RVRC  renal vein renin concentration RXT  right exotropia RVS  rectal visceral sensitivity; rectovaginal R-Y  Roux-en-Y space; relative value scale; relative value study; RYD  ryanodine reported visual sensation; retrovaginal space RYR, Ryr  ryanodine receptor  381 self-analysis; semen analysis; sensitizing  S antibody; serratus anterior; serum albumin; serum aldolase; sexual abuse; sexual addict; sexual assault; short acting; short axis; sialic acid; sialoadenectomy; signal averaged; sim- ian adenovirus; simulated annealing; sino- atrial; sinus arrest; sinus arrhythmia; skeletal S  apparent power; negative deflection that age; skin-adipose [unit]; sleep apnea; slightly follows an R wave [wave ECG]; entropy; active; slowly adapting; soluble in alkaline exposure time; half [Lat. semis]; left [Lat. medium; Spanish American; specific activ- sinister]; mean dose per unit cumulated ity; spectrum analysis; sperm abnormality; activity; midpoint of sella turcica; sacral;  spiking activity; spinal abscess; spinal an- saline; Salmonella; saturated; scanning esthesia; splenic artery; stable angina; stan- [pacemaker]; Schistosoma; schizophrenia; dard accuracy; Staphylococcus aureus; status scleral; second; section; sedimentation coef- asthmaticus; stimulus artifact; Stokes-Adams ficient; sella; semilente; senile, senility; sen- [syndrome]; streptavidin; subarachnoid; sation; sensitivity; septum; serine; serum; substance abuse; succinylacetone; suicide serum marker; Shigella; siderocyte; Siemens; alert; suicide attempt; surface antigen; sur- sigmoid; signature; silicate; single; slope; face area; surgery and anesthesia; surgical slow accelerator; small; smooth; soft; solid; assistant; suspended animation; suspicious soluble; solute; sone; space; spatial; specific- area; sustained action; sympathetic activity; ity; spherical; Spirilum; spleen; spontaneous; symptom analysis; synthetic aperture; system standard normal deviation; Staphylococcus; administrator; systemic aspergillosis stem [cell]; stimulus; Streptococcus; strepto- S-A  sinoatrial; sinoauricular mycin; subject; subjective findings; sub- S&A  sickness and accident; sugar and ace- strate; sulfur; sum of arithmetic series; tone supervision; supravergence; surface; surgery; S/A  stent/artery ratio suture; Svedberg; swine; Swiss [mouse]; syn- Sa  most anterior point of the anterior con- thesis; systole; without [Lat. sine] tour of sella turcica; saline; Staphylococcus Σ  uppercase Greek letter sigma; syphilis; aureus summation of series sA  statampere S   specific heat capacity; without [Lat. sine] SAA  serum amyloid A; serum amyloid– S0  scleral invasion not assessed associated [protein]; severe aplastic anemia; S1  first stimulus starch ampicillin agar; synthetic amino acid s−1  per second SAAG  serum-ascites albumin gradient S1–S5  first to fifth sacral nerves SAAP  selective aortic arch perfusion S1–S4  first to fourth heart sounds SAAQ  signal-averaged acoustic quantifica- S2  supernatant, pure tion s2  sample variance [statistics] SAARD  slow-acting antirheumatic drug 4S  Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival SAAS  Substance Abuse Attitude Survey Study Group SAAST  self-administered alcohol screening S-100  marker protein for peripheral ner- test vous system tumors containing α and β SAB  Scientific Advisory Board; serum albu- chains min; signal above baseline; significant  s  atomic orbital with angular momentum asymptomatic bacteriuria; sinoatrial block; quantum number 0; distance; left [Lat. sinis- Society of American Bacteriologists; sponta- ter]; length of path; sample standard devia- neous abortion; subarachnoid block tion; satellite [chromosome]; scruple; second; SAb  spontaneous abortion section; sedimentation coefficient; sensation; SABER  Stent-Assisted Balloon Angioplasty series; signed; suckling and Its Effects on Restenosis [study] σ  lowercase Greek letter sigma; conductiv- SABOV  Sabo virus ity; cross section; millisecond; molecular SABP  spontaneous acute bacterial peritoni- type or bond; population standard deviation; tis; systolic arterial blood pressure stress; surface tension; wave number SABV  Saboya virus SA  sacroanterior; salicylamide; salicylic SAC  saccharin; sacrum; screening and acid; saline; salt added; sarcoidosis; sar- acute care; seasonal acute conjunctivitis; coma; scalenus anticus; secondary amen- Self-Assessment of Communication; serum orrhea; secondary anemia; secondary aminoglycoside concentration; short-arm arrest; self-administration; self-agglutination; cast; sideline assessment of concussion;  382 small accessory chromosome; social activity SAEM  Society for Academic Emergency [scale]; splinting for acute closure; stable ac- Medicine cess cannula; stretch-activated channel; sub- SAEP  Salmonella abortus equi pyrogen area advisory council; substance abuse SAF  scrapie-associated fibrils; self-articulat- counselor; symptomatic anomaly complex ing femoral; serum accelerator factor; simul- SACcat  stretch-activated channel cations taneous auditory feedback; standard analytic sacch  saccharin file SACD  subacute combined degeneration SAFA  soluble antigen fluorescent antibody SACE  serum angiotensin-converting en- SAFE  Safety After Fifty Evaluation [study]; zyme surgery, antibiotics, face washing, environ- SACH  small animal care hospital; solid mental change ankle cushioned heel SAFE-PACE  Syncope and Falls in the SACK  suppression of asymmetric cell ki­ Elderly-Role of Pacemaker [study] netics SAFHS  sonic-accelerated fracture-healing SACNAS  Society for the Advancement of system Chicanos and Native Americans in Science SAFIRE-D  Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation SaCO2  alveolar carbon dioxide saturation Investigation and Randomized Evaluation of SACS  secondary anticoagulation system Dofetilide [study] SACSF  subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid SAFTEE  Systematic Assessment for Treat- SACT  sinoatrial conduction time ment of Emergent Events SAD  Scale of Anxiety and Depression; sea- SAFTEE-GI  Systematic Assessment for sonal affective disorder; Self-Assessment De- Treatment of Emergent Events-General In- pression [scale]; separation anxiety disorder; quiry serially agitated solution; sinoaortic denerva- SAFTEE-SI  Systematic Assessment for Treat- tion; small airway disease; source-to-axis dis- ment of Emergent Events-Systematic Inquiry tance; standard American diet; sugar, acetone, SAFV  Saint-Floris virus and diacetic acid; suppressor-activating deter- SAG  salicyl acyl glucuronide; sodium minant antimony gluconate; sonoangiography; SADD  Short-Alcohol Dependence Data streptavidin-gold; superantigen; Swiss agam- [questionnaire]; standardized assessment  maglobulinemia of depressive disorders; Students Against sag  sagittal Drunk Driving SAGE  serial analysis of gene expression; SADDAN  severe achondroplasia with de- Systematic Assessment of Geriatric Drug velopmental delay and acanthosis nigricans Use via Epidemiology [study] SADIA  small-angle double-incidence angi- SAGES  signal-averaged electrocardiograph- ography ic study SADL  simulated activities of daily living SAGM  sodium chloride, adenine, glucose, SADR  suspected adverse drug reaction mannitol SADS  Schedule for Affective Disorders and SAH  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine; subarach- Schizophrenia; self-accelerating decomposi- noid hemorrhage tion temperature; Sudden Adult Death Sur- SAHA  seborrhea, hypertrichosis/hirsutism, vey; sudden arrhythmic death syndrome alopecia [syndrome]; suberoylanilide hy- SADS-C  Schedule for Affective Disorders droxamic acid and Schizophrenia-Change SAHCS   Streptokinase-Aspirin-Heparin SADS-L  Schedule for Affective Disorders Collaborative Study and Schizophrenia-Lifetime SAHH  S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase SADT  Stetson Auditory Discrimination SAHIGES  Staphylococcus aureus hyperim- Test munoglobulinemia E syndrome SAdV  simian adenovirus SA-HRP  streptavidin-conjugated horserad- SAE  serious adverse event; sexual assault ish peroxidase evaluation; short above-elbow [cast]; specific SAHS  San Antonio Heart Study; sleep action exercise; subcortical arteriosclerotic apnea-hypersomnolence [syndrome] encephalopathy; supported arm exercise SAHV  St. Abb’s Head virus SAEB  sinoatrial entrance block SAI  Self-Analysis Inventory; Sexual Arous- SAECG, SaECG  signal-averaged electrocar- ability Inventory; Social Adequacy Index; diogram suppressor of anchorage independence; sys- SAED  semiautomatic external defibrillator temic active immunotherapy SAEFVSS  Serious Adverse Events Follow- SAIC  Science Applications International ing Vaccination Surveillance Scheme Corporation  383 SAICAR  sylaminoimidazole carboxylase SAMIT  Streptokinase and Angioplasty SAID  specific adaptation to imposed de- Myocardial Infarction Trial mand SAMMEC  Smoking-Attributable Mortality, SAIDS  sexually acquired immunodeficien- Morbidity, and Economic Costs [study] cy syndrome; simian acquired immune defi- SAMO  senior administrative medical offi- ciency syndrome cer SAIF  Shigella boulardii antiinflammatory SAMPLE  Study on Ambulatory Monitoring factor of Pressure and Lisinopril Evaluation SAIMS  student applicant information man- SAMS  Society for Advanced Medical Sys- agement system tems; substrate adhesion molecule SAKV  Sakhalin virus S-AMY  salivary amylase; serum amylase SAL  sensorineural activity level; sterility as- SAN  sinoatrial node; sinoauricular node; surance level; suction-assisted lipectomy; slept all night; solitary autonomous nodule; suction-assisted lipoplasty storage area network Sal  salicylate, salicylic; Salmonella SANA  sinoatrial node artery sAl  serum aluminum [level] Sanat  sanatorium sal  salicylate, salicylic; saline; saliva SANDR  sinoatrial nodal reentry SALAD  Surgery vs. Angioplasty for Proxi- SANE  sexual assault nurse examiner; Single mal Left Anterior Descending Coronary Ar- Assessment Numerical Evaluation tery Stenosis [trial] SANE-A  sexual assault nurse examiner- Salm  Salmonella adult/adolescent SALP  salpingectomy; salpingography; serum SANE-P  sexual assault nurse examiner- alkaline phosphatase pediatric Salpx  salpingectomy sang  sanguineous SALT  skin-associated lymphoid tissue; SANGUIS  Safe and Good Use of Blood in Swedish Aspirin in Low Dose Trial Surgery [study] SALTS  Strategic Alternatives with Ticlopi- sanit  sanitary, sanitation dine in Stenting [study] SANS  scale for the assessment of negative SALV  Salehebad virus symptoms SAM  S-adenosyl-L-methionine; scanning SANV  Sango virus acoustic microscope; self-assembled mono- SANWS  sinoatrial node weakness syn- layer; senescence-accelerated mouse; sex drome arousal mechanism; short-arc motion; SAO  small airway obstruction; splanchnic smoking-attributable mortality; staphylococ- artery occlusion; subvalvular aortic obstruc- cal absorption method; StepWatch Activity tion Monitor; subject area model; substrate adhe- SAO2  oxygen saturation in alveolar gas sion molecule; sulfated acid mucopolysac- SaO2  oxygen saturation charide; surface active material; system for SaO2  oxygen saturation in arterial blood assembling markers; systolic anterior motion SAP  sensory action potential; serum acid SAMA  schizoaffective mania, mainly affec- phosphatase; serum alkaline phosphatase; tive; South African Medical Association; serum amyloid P; shrimp alkaline phospha- Student American Medical Association tase; situs ambiguus with polysplenia; sphin- SAMBA  Society of Ambulatory Anesthesi- golipid activator protein; stable angina ologists; Staffordshire Arthritis, Musculosk- pectoris; Staphylococcus aureus protease; eletal, and Back Assessment subjective and physical; surfactant-associated SAMD  S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarbox- protein; systemic arterial pressure; systolic ylase arterial pressure SAM-DC  S-adenosyl-L-methionine decar- SAPA  scan along polygonal approximation; boxylase spatial average, pulse average SAMe  S-adenosyl-L-methionine SAPALDIA  Swiss Study of Air Pollution SAMHSA  Substance Abuse and Mental and Lung Diseases in Adults Health Services Administration SAPAT  Swedish Angina Pectoris Aspirin SAMI  Streptokinase and Angioplasty in Trial Myocardial Infarction [trial]; Streptokinase SAPD  short action potential duration; in Acute Myocardial Infarction [study]; Stu- signal-averaged P-wave duration; sphingo- dents for Advancement of Medical Instru- lipid activator protein deficiency mentation SAPF  simultaneous anterior and posterior SAMII  Survey of Acute Myocardial Isch- fusion emia and Infarction [study] saph  saphenous  384 SAPHO  synovitis, acne, pustulosis hyper- SAST  selective arterial secretin injection ostosis, osteomyelitis [syndrome] test; Self-Administered Alcoholism Screen- SAPK  stress-activated protein kinase ing Test; serum aspartate aminotransferase SA-PMP  streptavidin-paramagnetic particle SAT  saliva alcohol test; Saruplase Alteplase SAPPHIRE  Stanford Asian Pacific Program Study; satellite; satisfactibility; saturated, in Hypertension and Insulin Resistance saturation; serum antitrypsin; shifting atten- SAPS  simplified acute physiology score; tion; single-agent chemotherapy; slide agglu- Staphylococcus aureus protease sensitivity tination test; sodium ammonium thiosulfate; SAPV  Sapphire virus solitary arterial trunk; spermatogenic activity SAPX  salivary peroxidase test; spontaneous activity test; subacute SAQ  saquinavir; self-applied questionnaire; thrombosis; subacute thyroiditis; subcutane- short arc quadriceps ous adipose tissue; sulfate adenyltransferase; SAQC  statistical analysis of quality control symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis; sys- SAR  scaffold attachment region; scatter/ tematic assertive therapy; systematic axis air ratio; seasonal allergic rhinitis; sexual  transform; systolic acceleration time attitude reassessment; slowly adapting  Sat, sat  saturated, saturation receptor; specific absorption rate; structure- SATA  spatial average, temporal average activity relationship; supplied air respirator; SATB  special aptitude test battery supraaortic ridge; supraaortic ring; synthetic satd  saturated aperture radar SATE  Safety Antiarrhythmic Trial Evalua- SARA  sexually acquired reactive arthritis; tion Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization SATL  surgical Achilles tendon lengthening SARB  Statistical Application and Research SATP  spatial average, temporal peak Branch SATS  substance, amount ingested, time in- SARI  serotonin-2 antagonist reuptake in- gested, symptoms hibitor SATSA  Swedish Adoption-Twin Study of SARS  San Antonio Rotablator Study; severe Aging acute respiratory syndrome SATT  Scottish Adjuvant Tamoxifen Trial SARS-CoV  severe acute respiratory syn- SATV  Sathuperi virus drome–associated coronavirus SAU  statistical analysis unit SART  simultaneous algebraic reconstruc- SAUDIS  Sudden and Unexpected Death in tion technique; Society for Assisted Repro- Sports [study] ductive Technology SAV  San Angelo virus; sequential atrioven- SARV  Santa Rosa virus tricular; Sikhote-Alyn virus SAS  sarcoma amplified sequence; Scandina- SAVD  spontaneous assisted vaginal de­ vian Angiopeptin Study; Scottish Ambulance livery Service; sedation-agitation scale; self-rating SAVE  saved-young-life equivalent; sudden anxiety scale; severe aortic stenosis; short a ventilatory event; Survival and Ventricular arm splint; Sklar Aphasia Scale; sleep apnea Enlargement [trial] syndrome; small animal surgery; small aorta SAVED  saphenous vein de novo syndrome; social adjustment scale; sodium SAW  surface acoustic wave amylosulfate; space adaptation syndrome; SAX  short axis; surface antigen, X-linked specific activity scale; statistical analysis sys- SAx  short axis tem; sterile aqueous solution; sterile aqueous SAX-APEX  short-axis plane, apical suspension; subaortic stenosis; subarachnoid SAX-MV  short-axis plane, mitral valve space; sulfasalazine; supravalvular aortic ste- SAX-PM  short-axis plane, papillary muscle nosis; surface-active substance; synchronous SB  Bachelor of Science; Schwartz-Bartter atrial stimulation [syndrome]; serum bilirubin; shortness of SASA  solvent-accessible surface area breath; sick bay; sideroblast; single blind; SASD  State Ambulatory Surgery Database single breath; sinus bradycardia; small SASMAS  skin-adipose superficial musculo- bowel; sodium balance; sodium bisulfite; aponeurotic system Southern blotting; soybean; spike burst; SASP  salicylazosulfapyridine spina bifida; spontaneous blastogenesis; SASPP  syndrome of absence of septum pel- spontaneous breathing; standard bed; Stan- lucidum with preencephaly ford-Binet [intelligence scale]; stereotyped SASS  Syngen Acute Stroke Study behavior; sternal border; stillbirth; Sudan SAS-SR  social adjustment scale, self-report black [stain]; surface binding SASSY  Seniors Active Spirits Staying S-B  Sengstaken-Blakemore [tube]; suppres- Young [program] sion burst  385 S/β  sickle cell beta-thalassemia SBO  small bowel obstruction; spina bifida Sb  strabismus occulta SBA  serum bactericidal activity; serum bile SBOM  soybean oil meal acid; soybean agglutinin; spina bifida aperta; SBP  schizobipolar; serotonin-binding pro- stand-by assist tein; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; SBAHC  school-based adolescent health care steroid-binding plasma; sulfobromophtha- SBB  stimulation-bound behavior lein; symmetric biphasic; systemic blood SBBT  specialist in blood bank technology pressure; systolic blood pressure SBC  school-based clinic; Schwarz bayesian SBQ  Smoking Behavior Questionnaire criterion; serum bactericidal concentration; SBQC  small-base quad cane strict bed confinement SBR  small bowel resection; small box respi- SBCS  Stockholm Breast Cancer Study rator; spleen/body [weight] ratio; strict bed SBD  selective bowel decontamination; se- rest; styrene-butadiene rubber nile brain disease SB-RDC  sleep bruxism research diagnostic S-BD  seizure–brain damage criteria SbDH  sorbitol dehydrogenase SBRN  sensory branch of radial nerve SBDX  scanning beam digital x-ray SBRS  senior biomedical research service SBE  breast self-examination; short below- SBRT  split-beam rotation therapy elbow [cast]; shortness of breath on exertion; SBS  secondary bilateral synchrony; shaken small bowel enema; small bowel enterosco- baby syndrome; short bowel syndrome; sick py; subacute bacterial endocarditis building syndrome; sinobronchial syndrome; SBEH  social behavior skull base surgery; small bowel series; social SBEPI  sinusoidal blipped echo-planar imag- breakdown syndrome; straight back syn- ing drome; substrate-binding strand SBET  Society for Biomedical Engineering SBSL-LTx  sequential bilateral single-lung– Technicians; standby emergency treatment liver transplantation SBF  serologic blocking factor; simulated SBSP  simultaneous bilateral spontaneous body fluid; skin blood flow; specific blocking pneumothorax factor; splanchnic blood flow; systemic blood SBSS  Seligmann’s buffered salt solution flow SBT  sequence-based typing; serum bacteri- SBFT  small bowel follow-through cidal titer; single-breath test; sulbactam SBG  selenite brilliant green SBTI  soybean trypsin inhibitor SBH  Sabra hypertensive [rat]; sea-blue his- SBTPE  State Boards Test Pool Examination tiocyte; small basophilic hemocyte SBTT  small bowel transit time SBHC  school-based health center SBTx  small bowel transplantation SBI  shape-based interpolation SBV  singular binocular vision; soilborne SBIAB  secondary bacterial infection acute virus bronchitis SBV  pentavalent antimonial SBIS  Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale SBW  standard body weight SBL  soybean lecithin SC  conditioned stimulus; sacrococcygeal; sBL  sporadic Burkitt lymphoma Sanitary Corps; sarcomatous component; SBLA  sarcoma, breast and brain tumors, leu- scalenus; scan computer; scapula; Schüller- kemia, laryngeal and lung cancer, and adre- Christian [disease]; Schwann cell; Schwarz nal cortical carcinoma criterion; sciatica; science; sclerosing chol- SB-LM  Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test- angitis; secondary cleavage; secretory com- Form L-M ponent; self-care; semicircular; semilunar SBM  scientific basis of medicine; sexual valve closure; serum complement; serum cre- intercourse between men; Solomon-Bloem- atinine; service connected; sex chromatin; bergen-Morgan [equation] Sézary cell; short circuit; sick call; sickle SBMA  spinal bulbar muscular atrophy cell; sieving coefficient; sigmoid colon; sili- sBMD  standardized bone mass density cone coated; single chemical; skin conduc- SBMLC  synchronous bilateral multiple lung tion; slice collimation; slow component; cancers Snellen chart; sodium citrate; soluble com- SBN  State Board of Nursing plex; special care; specialty clinic; spinal SBN2  single-breath nitrogen [test] canal; spinal cord; squamous carcinoma; start SBNS  Society of British Neurological Sur- conversion; statistical control; stepped care; geons sternoclavicular; stratum corneum; subcel- SBNT  single-breath nitrogen test lular; subclavian; subcorneal; subcortical; SBNW  single-breath nitrogen washout subcostal; subcutaneous; subtotal colectomy;  386 succinylcholine; sugar coated; sulfur con- SCAT  sheep cell agglutination test; sickle taining; supercoil cruciform; supercomput- cell anemia test; Simvastatin and Enalapril ing; superior colliculus; supportive care; Coronary Atherosclerosis Trial; Sports Com- supraclavicular; surface colony; surface petition Anxiety Test cooling; switching circuit; systemic candidi- SCAV  Sunday Canyon virus asis; systolic click SCAVF  spinal cord arteriovenous fistula S/C  subcutaneous; sugar coated SCAVM  spinal cord arteriovenous malfor- S-C  sickle cell mation S&C  sclerae and conjunctivae SCB  strictly confined to bed Sc  scandium; scapula; science, scientific; SCBA  self-contained breathing apparatus screening SCBE  single-contrast barium enema sC  statcoulomb SCBF  spinal cord blood flow sc  subcutaneous SCBG  symmetric calcification of the basal SCA  self-care agency; senescent cell anti- cerebral ganglia gen; severe congenital anomaly; sickle cell SCBH  systemic cutaneous basophil hyper- anemia; single-camera autostereoscopy; sensitivity single-channel analyzer; sperm-coating anti- SCBP  stratum corneum basic protein gen; spinocerebellar ataxia; starburst calcifi- SCC  self-care center; sequential combina- cation; steroidal-cell antibody; subclavian tion chemotherapy; services for crippled chil- artery; superior cerebellar artery; suppressor dren; short-course chemotherapy; sickle cell cell activity; survivor of cardiac arrest disease; side-chain cleavage; small cell  Sca-1  stem cell antigen 1 carcinoma; small cleaved cell; spinal cord SCAA  Skin Care Association of America; compression; squamous cell carcinoma; stan- sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy dardized coding and classification; symptom SCABG  single coronary artery bypass cluster constraint graft SC4C  subcostal four-chamber [view] SCAD  segmental colitis associated with di- SCCA  single-cell cytotoxicity assay; small verticulosis [syndrome]; short-chain acyl- cell carcinoma coenzyme A dehydrogenase; spontaneous SCCB  small cell carcinoma of the bronchus coronary artery dissection SCCC  squamous cell cervical carcinoma SCAG  Sandoz Clinical Assessment- SCCH  sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis Geriatric [Rating] SCCHN  squamous cell carcinoma of the SCAI  Society for Cardiac Angiography and head and neck Interventions SCCHO  sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis SCAM  statistical classification of activities SCCL  small cell carcinoma of the lung of molecules SCCM  Sertoli cell culture medium; Society SCAMC  Symposium on Computer Applica- of Critical Care Medicine tions in Medical Care SCCOR  Specialized Centers of Clinically SCAMIA  Symposium on Computer Appli- Oriented Research cations in Medical Care SCCT  severe cerebrocranial trauma SCAMIN  Self-Concept and Motivation In- SCD  scleroderma; sequential compression ventory device; service-connected disability; sickle SCAMP  Stanford Coronary Artery Monitor- cell disease; spinocerebellar degeneration; ing Project subacute combined degeneration; subacute SCAN  Schedules for Clinical Assessment of coronary disease; sudden cardiac death; sud- Neuropsychiatry; suspected child abuse and den coronary death; support clinical data- neglect; systolic coronary artery narrowing base; systemic carnitine deficiency SCAP  scapula ScD  Doctor of Science SCAR  sequence characterized amplified re- SCDA  situational control of daily activities gion; severe cutaneous adverse reactions; [scale]; Special Care Dentistry Association Society for Computer Application in Radi­ ScDA  right scapuloanterior [Lat. scapulo- ology dextra anterior] SCARF  skeletal abnormalities, cutis laxa, SCDAI  simplified Crohn Disease Activity craniostenosis, psychomotor retardation, fa- Index cial abnormalities [syndrome] SCDF  skin condition data form SCARI  Spinal Cord Injury Assessment of SCD-HeFT  Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Risk Index Failure: Trial of Prophylactic Amiodarone vs. SCARMD  severe childhood autosomal re- Implantable Defibrillator Therapy cessive muscular dystrophy SCDNT  self-care deficit nursing theory  387 ScDP  right scapuloposterior [Lat. scapulo- SCJ  squamocolumnar junction; sternocla- dextra posterior] vicular joint; sternocostal joint SCE  secretory carcinoma of the endome- sCJD  sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease trium; serious cardiac event; sister chroma- SCK  serum creatine kinase tid exchange; split hand, cleft lip/palate, SCL  scleroderma; serum copper level; sinus ectodermal [dysplasia]; subcutaneous em- cycle length; skin conductance level; soft con- physema tact lens; stromal cell line; subcostal lateral SCe  somatic cell [view]; symptom checklist; syndrome checklist SCED  single-case experimental design SCL-90  symptom checklist 90 SCEP  sandwich counterelectrophoresis; spi- scl  sclerosed, sclerosis, sclerotic nal cord evoked potential ScLA  left scapuloanterior [Lat. scapulolae- SCER  sister chromatid exchange rate va anterior] SCES  subjective computer experience scale SCLBCL  secondary cutaneous large B-cell SCETI  Stanford Computer-Based Educator lymphoma Training Intervention SCLC  small cell lung carcinoma SceTy1V to 5V  Saccharomyces cerevisiae SCLD  sickle cell chronic lung disease Ty1 virus to Ty5 virus SCLE  subacute cutaneous lupus erythemato- SCF  sinusoid containing blood flow; Skin sus Cancer Foundation; stem cell factor; subcos- scler  scleroderma, sclerosis tal frontal [view] SCLH  subcortical laminar heterotopia SCFA  short-chain fatty acid ScLP  left scapuloposterior [Lat. scapulo- SCFE  slipped capital femoral epiphysis laeva posterior] SCG  scaled conjugate gradient; serum SCL-90-R  symptom checklist 90, revised chemistry graft; serum chemogram; sodium SCLS  systemic capillary leak syndrome cromoglycate; superior cervical ganglion SCM  scanning capacitance microscopy; SCGE  single-cell gel electrophoresis Schwann cell membrane; sensation, circula- SCH  student contact hour; succinylcholine tion, and motion; Society of Computer  SCh  succinylchloride; succinylcholine Medicine; soluble cytotoxic medium; spleen SChE  serum cholinesterase cell–conditioned medium; split cord malfor- SCHIP  State Children’s Health Insurance mation; spondylitic caudal myelopathy;  Program State Certified Midwife; sternocleidomas- schiz  schizophrenia toid; streptococcal cell membrane; subclavi- SCHL  subcapsular hematoma of the liver us muscle; subcutaneous mastectomy; SCI  Science Citation Index; Scottish Care supernumerary marker chromosome; surface- Information; serial communication interface; connecting membrane sperm capacitation index; spinal cord injury; SCMC  spontaneous cell-mediated cytotox- structured clinical interview icity Sci  science, scientific SCMHR  Society for Clinical and Medical SCID  severe combined immunodeficiency; Hair Removal soft copy image display; Structured Clinical SCMO  senior clerical medical officer Interview for DSM IV SCMPT  sperm–cervical mucus penetration SCI/D  spinal cord injury/disorder test SCIDS  severe combined immunodeficiency SCN  coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; syndrome severe chronic neutropenia; severe congeni- SCIDX  severe combined immunodeficiency tal neutropenia; special care nursing; supra- disease, X-linked chiasmatic nucleus SCIE  Social Care Institute for Excellence SCN1A  sodium channel, neuronal alpha- SCIEH  Scottish Centre for Infection and En- subunit type 1 vironmental Health SCN5A  sodium channel gene SCII  Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory SCNS  subcutaneous nerve stimulation SCIM  spinal cord injury medicine SCNT  somatic cell nuclear transfer SCINT, scint  scintigraphy ScNV-20S  Saccharomyces cerevisiae nar- SCIS  spinal cord injury service navirus 20S SCIU  spinal cord injury unit ScNV-23S  Saccharomyces cerevisiae nar- SCIV  subcutaneous intravenous; Subcutane- navirus 23S ous vs. Intravenous Heparin in Deep Venous SCO  sclerocystic ovary; somatic crossing- Thrombosis [study] over; subcommissural organ SCIWORA  spinal cord injury without ra- SCOFF  sick, control, one stone, fat, food diographic abnormality [questionnaire]  388 SCOP  scopolamine; structural classification SCRIP  Stanford Coronary Risk Intervention of proteins; systematic classification of pro- Project teins SCRIPPS  Scripps Coronary Radiation to SCOPE  Scientific Committee on Problems Inhibit Proliferation Post Stenting [trial] of the Environment; Specialist Certification SCRIPT  Smoking Cessation-Reduction in of Obesity Professionals in Europe; Study of Pregnancy Trial Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly; Sur- scRNA  small cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid veillance and Control of Pathogens of Epide- SCRT  stereotactic conformation radio­ miologic Importance [study] therapy SCOPEG  symmetric, centrally ordered, SCS  Saethre-Chotzen syndrome; Seven phase-encoded group [imaging] Country Study; shared computer system; SCOPME  Standing Committee on Post- silicon-controlled switch; slow channel syn- graduate Medical and Dental Education drome; Society of Clinical Surgery; special- SCOR  Specialized Center for Research ized chromatin structure; spinal canal SCORE  Status, Connections, Occupation, stenosis; spinal cord stimulation; splatter- Resources, Events control shield; splint classification system; SCORES  Stent Comparative Restenosis synovial chondrosarcoma; systolic click syn- [trial]; SCORES Saphenous Vein Graft Reg- drome istry SCSA  sperm chromatin structure assay; sub- SCOT  social construction of technology; costal short axis subcostal outflow [view] SCSB  static charge–sensitive bed SCP  single-celled protein; smoking cessa- SCSI  small computer system interface tion program; sodium cellulose phosphate; SCSIT  Southern California Sensory Integra- soluble cytoplasmic protein; specialty care tion Test physician; standard care plan; sterol carrier SCSR  standard cervical spine radiography protein; submucous cleft palate; superior ce- SCT  salmon calcitonin; secretin; Sertoli cell rebral peduncle tumor; sex chromatin test; sexual compatibil- sCP  spastic cerebral palsy ity test; sickle cell trait; solid cystic tumor; scp  spherical candle power sperm cytotoxicity; spinocervicothalamic; SCPE  simplified collective protective equip- spiral computed tomography; staphylococcal ment clumping test; star cancellation test; stem cell SCPK  serum creatine phosphokinase transplantation; sugar-coated tablet SCPL  supracricoid partial laryngectomy S-CT  spiral computed tomography SCPM  somatic crossover point mapping SCT  serum creatinine SCPN  serum carboxypeptidase N SCTA  spiral computed tomography angiog- SCPNT  Southern California Postrotary Nys- raphy tagmus Test SCTAT  sex cord tumor with annular tubules SCPR  standard cardiopulmonary resuscita- SCTBIFR  South Carolina Traumatic Brain tion Injury Follow-up Registry S-CPR  standard postcompression remodel- SCTN  South Carolina Telemedicine Net- ing work SCPS  Skin Cancer Prevention Study SCTR  secretin receptor SCPT  schizophrenic chronic paranoid type SCTx  spinal cervical traction SCQ  social communication questionnaire SCU  self-care unit; special care unit SCR  Schick conversion rate; short con- SCUBA  self-contained underwater breath- sensus repeat; silicon-controlled rectifier; ing apparatus skin conductance response; slow-cycling SCUD  septicemic cutaneous ulcerative dis- rhodopsin; spondylitic caudal radiculopa- ease thy SCUF  slow continuous ultrafiltration SCr, Scr  serum creatinine SCUP  Skin Cancer Utrecht–Philadelphia sCR1  soluble complement receptor type 1 [study] scr  scruple SCU-PA  single-chain urokinase plasmino- SCRAM  speech-controlled respirometer for gen activator ambulation measurement SCUT  schizophrenia, chronic undifferenti- SCRAS  Sheehan clinician-rated anxiety ated type scale SCV  sensory nerve conduction velocity; SCRF  surface coil rotating frame; System- smooth, capsulated, virulent; squamous cell atized Nomenclature in Medicine Cross- carcinoma of the vulva; subclavian vein Reference Field ScV  Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus  389 ScV-BC  Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus SDCL  symptom distress checklist L-BC SDCN  neural syndectan; N-syndectan SCV-CPR  simultaneous compression venti- SDD  selective decontamination of the diges- lation–cardiopulmonary resuscitation tive tract; Skeletal Dysplasia Diagnostician SCVIR  Society of Cardiovascular and Inter- [database]; sporadic depressive disease; ster- ventional Radiology ile dry dressing ScV-L-A  Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus SDDS  2-sulfamoyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl­ L-A sulfone SCWM  subcortical white matter SDE  simulation development environment; SCZ  schizophrenia specific dynamic effect; standard-dose epi- SD  Sandhoff disease; selective decontami- nephrine; structured data entry; subdural em- nation; semidry; senile dementia; septal de- pyema fect; serologically defined; serologically SDEEG  stereotactic depth electroencepha- detectable; serologically determined; serum lography defect; Shine-Dalgarno [sequence]; short di- SDES  symptomatic diffuse esophageal spasm alysis; shoulder disarticulation; Shy-Draper SDF  slow death factor; standard data format; [syndrome]; skin destruction; skin dose; stress distribution factor; stromal-derived solvent/detergent; somatization disorder; factor; structured data file spatial deconvolution; spatial embedding di- SDFV  Syr-Daria Valley virus mension; speech delay; sphincter dilation; SDG  sucrose density gradient spontaneous delivery; sporadic depression; SDGF  schwannoma-derived growth factor Sprague-Dawley [rat]; spreading depression; SDH  serine dehydratase; sorbitol dehydro- stable disease; standard definition; standard genase; spinal dorsal horn; subdural hema- deviation; statistical documentation; Stensen toma; succinate dehydrogenase duct; Still disease; stone disintegration; SDHD  sudden death heart disease straight drainage; strength duration; strepto- SDI  selective dissemination of information; dornase; structural deterioration; sudden standard deviation interval; survey diagnos- death; superoxide dismutase; synchronous tic instrument detector; systolic discharge SDIF  standard generalized markup language S-D  sickle cell hemoglobin D; suicide- document interchange format depression SDIHD  sudden death ischemic heart disease S/D  sharp/dull; Shine-Dalgarno [region]; SDILINE  Selective Dissemination of Infor- systolic/diastolic mation Online [databank] Sd  standard; standard deviation of differ- SDIS  Stockholm Diabetes Intervention ences of sample; stimulus drive Study Sd  discriminative stimulus SDL  serum digoxin level; speech discrimi- SDA  right sacroanterior [Lat. sacrodextra nation level anterior]; Sabouraud dextrose agar; sero- sdl  sideline; subline tonin-dopamine antagonist; sialodacryoade- SDM  semantic data model; sensory detec- nitis; specific dynamic action; strand tion method; sparse distributed memory; displacement amplification; structural dis- standard deviation of the mean; system of placement amplification; succinic dehydro- decision making; system development meth- genase activity od; Systematized Nomenclature in Medicine SDAI  Simplified Disease Activity Index Digital Imaging and Communications in SDAT  senile dementia of Alzheimer type; Medicine Microglossary surface digitalization accuracy test SDMD  sulfadimethoxine SDAV  sialodacryoadenitis virus SDMS  Society of Diagnostic Medical So- SDAVF  spinal dural arteriovenous fistula nography SDB  shared database; sleep-disordered SDN  sexually dimorphic nucleus breathing SDNF  sliding discrete Fourier transform SDBP  seated (or standing, or supine) dia- narrow band filter stolic blood pressure SDNV  Serra do Navio virus SDC  serum digoxin concentration; single- SDO  standards development organization; dispensing container; Smith delay com- sudden dosage onset pensator; sodium deoxycholate; sodium SDP  right sacroposterior [Lat. sacrodextra dichromate; subacute combined degenera- posterior]; shared decision-making program; tion; subclavian hemodialysis catheter; suc- signal density plot cinyldicholine; symptomatic developmental SDR  shared data research; Skeletal Dyspla- complex; syndectan sia Registry; spontaneously diabetic rat;  390 standardized disease ratio; surgical dressing SEADS-C  Self-Efficacy and Dyspnea Strat- room egies-Confidence SDRI  small, deep, recent infarct SEAL  steric and electrostatic alignment SDRS  social dysfunction rating scale SEAP  secreted alkaline phosphatase SDS  same day surgery; school dental ser- SEARCH  Study of the Effectiveness of Ad- vices; selective digestive decontamination; ditional Reductions of Cholesterol and Ho- self-rating depression scale; sensory depriva- mocysteine tion syndrome; sexual differentiation scale; SEAT  sheep erythrocyte agglutination test short depression screen; Shy-Drager syn- SEB  seborrhea; staphylococcal enterotoxin B drome; single-dose suppression; sodium do- SE(b)  standard error of regression coeffi- decylsulfate; specific diagnosis service; cient squamous [cell carcinoma] dataset; standard SEBA  staphylococcal enterotoxin B antise- deviation score; sudden death syndrome; sul- rum fadiazine silver; sustained depolarizing shift SEBI  stereotactic external beam irradiation SDSEM  spinocerebellar degeneration-slow SEBL  self-emptying blind loop eye movements [syndrome] SEBM  Society for Experimental Biology SD-SK  streptodornase-streptokinase and Medicine SDSL  symmetric digital single line SEBOV  Sudan Ebola virus SDS/PAGE, SDS-PGE  sodium dodecylsul- SEBT  Star Excursion Balance Test fate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SEC  screening end code; secretin; S-ethyl- SDT  right sacrotransverse [Lat. sacrodextra cysteine; Singapore epidemic conjunctivi- transversa]; sensory detection theory; signal tis; size-exclusion chromatography; soft detection theory; single-donor transfusion; elastic capsule; spontaneous echo/echo- speech detection threshold cardiographic contrast swollen endothelial SD-T  spatial deconvolution transformation cell SDt  standard deviation of total scores Sec  Seconal; selenocysteine SDU  standard deviation unit; step-down unit sec  second; secondary; section SDUB  short double upright brace sec-Bu  sec-butyl SDV  source data verification SeCD  service for the care of drug addicts SDW  spin density weighted; system devel- SECG  stress electrocardiography opment workbench SECON  sequential continuity SDYS  Simpson dysmorphia syndrome SECORDS  South-Eastern Consortium on SE  early systolic wave; saline enema; sani- Racial Differences in Stroke tary engineering; self-efficacy; serum; Shan- SECRET  stiffness of joint, elderly individu- non entropy; shared epitope; side effect; als, constitutional symptoms, arthritis,  sleep efficiency; smoke exposure; socio- elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, tem- economic; solid extract; sphenoethmoidal; poral arthritis [mnemonic] spherical equivalent; spin-echo; spongiform SECSY  spin-echo correlated spectroscopy encephalopathy; Spurway-Eddowes [syn- sect  section drome]; standard error; staphylococcal endo- SECURE  Study to Evaluate Carotid Ultra- toxin; staphylococcal enterotoxin; starch sound Changes with Ramipril and Vitamin E equivalent; Starr-Edwards [valve]; status SED  sedimentation rate; skin erythema dose; epilepticus; subclinical encephalopathy; sub- spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia; standard error endothelial; subependymal nodule; sulfoeth- of deviation; standard erythema dose; staphy- yl; systematic error lococcal enterotoxin D S&E  safety and efficiency sed  sedimentation; stool [Lat. sedes] S-E  socioeconomic; spin-echo; substantial SEDL  spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, late equivalence sed rt  sedimentation rate Se  secretion; selenium SEDT  spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda Se  external skeleton SEDT-PA  spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia SEA  sheep erythrocyte agglutination; shock- tarda–progressive arthropathy elicited aggression; soluble egg antigen; spa- SEE  standard error of estimate; staphylococ- tial envelope area; spinal epidural abscess; cal enterotoxin E; substernal epicardial echo- spontaneous electrical activity; staphylococ- cardiography cal enterotoxin A SEEG  stereotactic electroencephalography SEAC  Spongiform Encephalopathy Adviso- SEER  Surveillance Epidemiology and End ry Committee Results [program] SEADS  Self-Efficacy and Dyspnea Strate- SEF  somatosensory evoked magnetic field; gies Scale spectral edge frequency; staphylococcal   391 enterotoxin F; structured encounter form; SENDCAP  St. Mary’s Ealing, Northwick suction effusion fluid Park Diabetes Cardiovascular Prevention SEG  segment; soft elastic gelatin; sonoen- [study] cephalogram SENIC  Study of the Efficacy of Nosocomial SEGA  subependymal giant cell astrocytoma Infection Control segm  segment, segmented SENP  sentrin-specific protease SEGNE  secretory granules of neural and en- SENS  sensitivity or sensitization; Stewart docrine [cells] evaluation of nursing scale Se-GSH-Px  selenium cofactor for glutathi- Sens  sensitivity one peroxidase sens  sensation, sensorium, sensory SEH  spinal epidural hemorrhage; subepen- SENSOR  Sentinel Event Notification Sys- dymal hemorrhage tem for Occupational Risks SEI  Scar Elevation Index; Self-Esteem In- SENTAC  Society for Ear, Nose, Throat Ad- ventory vances in Children S-EIA  stick-enzyme immunoassay SEOV  Seoul virus SEID  systemic excitation intolerance disease SEP  self-evaluation process; sensory- SEIS  slow eccentric isotonic stretch evoked potential; separation; septum; so- SEISMED  secure environment for informa- matosensory evoked potential; sperm entry tion system in medicine point; spinal evoked potential; standard error SE/IVH  subependymal/intraventricular hem­ of prediction; surface epithelium; syringe ex- orrhage change program; systolic ejection period SEL  serum ethanol level sEP  single evoked potential SELCA  Smooth Excimer Laser Coronary separ  separately, separation Angioplasty [study] SEPET  extracorporeal blood purification de- SELDI  surface-enhanced laser desorption vice ionization SE(p1−p2)  standard error of the difference of SELDI-TOF  surface-enhanced laser desorp- two proportions tion-ionization time of flight SEPN  selenoprotein N SELEX  systemic evolution of ligands by ex- SEPS  subfascial endoscopic perforate liga- perimental enrichment tion; Submaximal Exercise Performance SELF  Self-Evaluation of Life Function Substudy Sel Pt  select patients SEPT  septum SELV  Seletar virus SEPV  Sepik virus SEM  sample evaluation method; scanning SEQ  side effects questionnaire electron microphotography; scanning elec- seq  sequence; sequel, sequela, sequelae; tron microscopy; secondary enrichment me- sequestrum dium; standard error of measurement; SEQOL  [Bypass Angioplasty Revascular- standard error of the mean; stochastic ization Investigation] Substudy of Econom- expectation maximization; structural equa- ics and Quality of Life tion modeling; systolic ejection murmur SER  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum; sem  half [Lat. semis]; semen, seminal sebum excretion rate; sensitizer enhancement SEMD  spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia ratio; sensory evoked response; service; SEMDIT  spondyloepimetaphyseal dyspla- smooth endoplasmic reticulum; smooth- sia, Irapa type surface endoplasmic reticulum; somatosen- SEMDJL  spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia sory evoked response; subendocardial with joint laxity resection; supination, external rotation;  semel in d.  once a day [Lat. semel in die] surgical emergency room; systolic ejection Semf  seminal fluid rate SEMG  semenogelin; surface electromyog- S/ER  sero/plasmic endoplasmic reticulum raphy Ser  serine; serology; serous; service sEMG  surface electromyography sER  smooth endoplasmic reticulum SEMI  subendocardial myocardial infarction; ser  serial, series; serine subendocardial myocardial injury SERC  State Emergency Response Commis- SemNet  semantic network sion SEMSOB  Stanford Self-Efficacy for Man- SERCA2  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticu- aging Shortness of Breath lum Ca2− SEN  scalp-ear-nipple [syndrome]; state en- SerCl  serum chloride rolled nurse SER-IV  supination external rotation, type 4 sen  sensitive, sensitivity fracture  392 SERHOLD  National Biomedical Serials SFA  saturated fatty acid; seminal fluid Holding Database assay; serum folic acid; skinfold anthropom- SERLINE  Serials Online etry; stimulated fibrinolytic activity; superfi- SERM  selective estrogen receptor modulator cial femoral artery sero, serol  serologic, serology SFAP  single-fiber action potential SERP  somatosensory event–related poten- SFB  Sanfilippo syndrome type B; sapheno- tial femoral bypass; surgical foreign body SERPIN  serpine protease inhibitor SFBL  self-filling blind loop SERS  Stimulus Evaluation/Response Selec- SFC  soluble fibrin complex; soluble fibrin– tion [test] fibrinogen complex; spinal fluid count SERT  sustained ethanol release tube SFCP  Stanford Five City Project serv  keep, preserve [Lat. serva]; service SFD  silo filler’s disease; skin-film distance; SERVHEL  Service and Health Records small for dates; source-film distance; spectral SES  sirolimus-eluting stent; Society of Eye frequency distribution Surgeons; socioeconomic status; spatial SFE  slipped femoral epiphysis emotional stimulus; sphenoethmoidal suture; SFEMG  single-fiber electromyography subendothelial space SFFA  serum free fatty acid SESAM  Study in Europe of Saruplase and SFFF  sedimentation field flow fractionation Alteplase in Myocardial Infarction SFFV  spleen focus-forming virus SESAP  Surgical Educational and Self- SFG  spotted fever group; subglottic foreign Assessment Program body SES-CD  simple endoscopic score–Crohn SFH  schizophrenia family history; serum- disease free hemoglobin; stroma-free hemoglobin SESE  somatosensory evoked spike epilepsy SF/HGF  scatter factor/hepatocyte growth SESIP  safety engineered sharp injury pro- factor tection SFI  Sexual Function Index; Social Function SET  scar entry technique; secure electronic Index transaction; single electron transistor; single SFIS  structural family interaction scale embryo transfer; surrogate embryo transfer; SFJ  saphenofemoral junction systolic ejection time SFJT  saphenofemoral junction thrombo- SET-N  software evaluation tool for nursing phlebitis SETTS  subjective experience of therapeutic SFL  scalar fuzzy logic; synovial fluid lym- touch survey phocyte SEV 1 to 18, 125, 203  Simian enterovi- SFM  scanning force microscopy; Schim- ruses 1 to 18, 125, 203 melpenning-Fuerstein-Mims [syndrome]; SeV  Sendai virus self-fitting face mask; serum-free medium; sev  severe; severed solution-focused management; streptozocin, SEW  slice excitation wave 5-fluorouracil, and mitomycin C SEWHO  shoulder-elbow-wrist-hand ortho- SFMC  soluble fibrin monomer complex sis SFMS  Smith-Fineman-Myers syndrome SE(x)   standard error of the mean SFN  Society for Neuroeconomics SF  Sabin-Feldman [test]; safety factor; salt SFNM  standard finite normal mixture free; scarlet fever; scatter factor; screen film; SFNV  Sabin virus; Sandfly fever Naples seminal fluid; serosal fluid; serum factor; virus serum ferritin; serum fibrinogen; sham feed- SFO  subfornical organ ing; shell fragment; shunt flow; sickle cell– SFP  screen filtration pressure; simultaneous hemoglobin F [disease]; simian foam virus; foveal perception; spinal fluid pressure; skin fibroblast; skinfold; soft feces; spinal stopped flow pressure fluid; spontaneous fibrillation; stable factor; SFR  screen filtration resistance; stenosis Steel factor; sterile female; steroidogenic fac- flow reserve; stroke with full recovery tor; stress formula; sugar free; superior facet; SFS  serial foveal seizures; skin and fascia suppressor factor; suprasternal fossa; surviv- stapler; social functioning schedule; sodium ing fraction; Svedberg flotation [unit]; swine formaldehyde sulfoxylate; spatial frequency fever; symptom free; synovial fluid spectrum; split function study S1F  Steel factor SFSV  Sandfly fever Sicilian virus SF-1  steroidogenic factor 1 SFT  Sabin-Feldman test; second field tumor; SF-36  short-form health survey sensory feedback therapy; skinfold thickness Sf  spinal fluid; Streptococcus faecalis SFTP  secure file transfer protocol [telemedi- Sf  Svedberg flotation unit cine]  393 SFU  surgical follow-up SGR  Sachs-Georgi reaction; Shwartzman SFV  Semliki Forest virus; shipping fever generalized reaction; skin galvanic reflex; virus; Shope fibroma virus; simian foamy submandibular gland renin; substantia gelati- virus; squirrel fibroma virus; swine fever virus nosa Rolandi; sustainable growth rate SFV 1, SFV 3  simian foamy viruses 1 and 3 sgRNA  subgenomic ribonucleic acid SFW  sexual function of women; shell frag- SGRQ  Saint George’s Respiratory Ques- ment wound; slow-filling wave tionnaire SG  Sachs-Georgi [test]; salivary gland; SGS  Schinzel-Giedion syndrome serum globulin; serum glucose; signs; skin SGSG  Scandinavian Glioma Study Group graft; soluble gelatin; specific gravity; subglu- S-Gt  Sachs-Georgi test teal; substantia gelatinosa; succinimidyl gluta- SGTT  standard glucose tolerance test mate; Surgeon General; Swan-Ganz [catheter] SGTX  surugatoxin; Scodra griseipes toxin sg  specific gravity; subgenomic SGV  salivary gland virus; selective gastric SGA  small for gestational age vagotomy; short gastric vessel sGAG  sulfated glycosaminoglycan SGVHD  syngeneic graft-versus-host dis- SGAP  superior gluteal artery perforator ease [flap] SH  Salter-Harris [fracture]; Schönlein-He- SGAW  specific airway conductance noch [purpura]; self-help; serum hepatitis; SGB  Simpson-Golabi-Behmel [syndrome]; sexual harassment; sex hormone; Sherman sparsely granulated basophil [rat]; sick in hospital; sinus histiocytosis; so- SGBI  silicone gel breast implants cial history; somatotropic hormone; sponta- SGBS  Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome neously hypertensive [rat]; standard heparin; SGC  soluble guanylate cyclase; spermicide- state hospital; sulfhydryl; surgical history; germicide compound; Swan-Ganz catheter symptomatic hypoglycemia; syndrome of SGCA  subependymal giant cell astrocytoma hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism; systemic SGCRC  German Study Group on Colo- hyperthermia Rectal Carcinoma S/H  sample and hold SGD  Saccharomyces Genome Database; S&H  speech and hearing specific granule deficiency Sh  sheep; Sherwood number; Shigella; SGE  secondary generalized epilepsy; shoulder spoiled gradient echo sh  shoulder SGF  sarcoma growth factor; skeletal growth SHA  secure hashing algorithm; simple high- factor est avidity; Southern hybridization analysis; SGGT  serum gamma-glutamyl transpepti- staphylococcal hemagglutinating antibody; dase strategic hospital alliance SGH  subgluteal hematoma sHa  suckling hamster SGL  salivary gland lymphocyte; supraglot- SHAA  serum hepatitis associated antigen; tic laryngectomy Society of Hearing Aid Audiologists sgl  sugarless SHAA-Ab  serum hepatitis associated anti- SGLD  spatial gray level dependence gen antibody SGLT  sodium-dependent glucose trans­ SHAFT  sad, hostile, anxious, frustrating, te- porter nacious SGLT2  sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 SHAp  stoichiometric hydroxyapatite SGM  Society for General Microbiology SHAPE  Screening Health Assessment and SGNA  Society of Gastroenterology Nurses Preventive Education [program]; Stress, and Associates Health and Physical Evaluation [program]; SGNE  secretory granule neuroendocrine Study of Heparin and Actilyse Processed [protein] Electronically SGO  Surgeon General’s Office; surgery, gy- SHARE  source of help in airing and resolv- necology, and obstetrics ing experiences; Study of Heart Assessment SGOT  serum glutamate oxaloacetate trans- and Risk in Ethnic Groups aminase (aspartate aminotransferase) SHARK  Stroke, Hypertension and Recur- SGP  scaled gradient projection; serine glyc- rence in Kyushu [study] erophosphatide; sialoglycoprotein; Society SHARP  school health additional referral of General Physiologists; soluble glycopro- program; Scottish Heart and Arterial Disease tein; sulfated glycoprotein Risk Prevention [program]; Subcutaneous SGPA  salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma Heparin in Angioplasty Restenosis Preven- SGPT  serum glutamate pyruvate transami- tion [trial] nase (alanine aminotransferase) SHAV  Shamonda virus  394 SHAVE  Steerable Housing for Athero- SHOCK  Should We Emergently Revascu- vascular Excision larize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic SHB  sequential hemibody Shock? [trial] S-Hb  sulfhemoglobin SHOP  State Hospital Data Project SHBD  serum hydroxybutyric dehydroge- SHORT, S-H-O-R-T  short stature, hyper- nase extensibility of joints or hernia or both,  SHBG  sex hormone binding globulin ocular depression, Rieger anomaly, teething SHC  self-help class delayed SHCC  state health coordinating council short-FRAME  short stature, facial anoma- SHCO  sulfated hydrogenated castor oil lies, Rieger anomaly, midline anomalies, SHD  satellite hemodialysis; sudden heart enamel defects [syndrome] death SHOT  serious hazards of transfusion; Shunt SHE  Syrian hamster embryo; systolic hyper- Occlusion Trial tension of the elderly SHOV  Shokwe virus SHEA  Society for Healthcare Epidemiology SHP  Schönlein-Henoch purpura; secondary of America hyperparathyroidism; Skaraborg Hyperten- SHEENT  skin, head, eyes, ears, nose, throat sion Project; state health plan SHEP  Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly SHPDA  state health planning and develop- Program ment agency SHF  simian hemorrhagic fever; subfulmi- sHPT  secondary hyperparathyroidism nant hepatic failure; superhigh frequency SHR  spontaneously hypertensive rat shf  superhigh frequency SHRED  Sedatives and Hemodynamics Dur- SHFD  split hand/foot deformity ing Rapid-Sequence Intubation in the Emer- ShFM  shear force microscopy gency Department [trial] SHFV  simian hemorrhagic fever virus shRNA  short hairpin RNA SHG  sonohysterography; synthetic human SHRS  scanned handwritten record system gastrin SHRSP  spontaneously hypertensive rat, SHH  sonic hedgehog [gene]; syndrome of stroke prone hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism SHS  Sayre head sling; sheep hemolysate Shh  sonic hedgehog supernatant; sliding hip screw; Strong Heart SHHD  Scottish Home and Health Depart- Study; Sutterland-Haan syndrome ment SHSF  split hand–split foot [malformation] SHHH  self-help for hard of hearing SHSP  spontaneously hypertensive stroke- SHHS  Scottish Heart Health Study; Sleep prone [rat] Heart Health Study SHSS  Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility SHHV  Society for Health and Human Scale Values SHT  simple hypocalcemic tetany; subcuta- SHI  severe head injury neous histamine test Shig  Shigella SHUA  System for Hospital Uniform Ac- SHIN  skilled home health nursing counting SHINE  Strategic Health Informatics Net- SHUR  System for Hospital Uniform Report- work in Europe ing SHIPS  Shiga Pravastatin Study SHUV  Shuni virus SHIV  Shiant Islands virus SHV  simian herpesvirus; Southampton virus SHL  sensorineural hearing loss SHVRC  Shiley Heart Valve Research Center SHLA  soluble human lymphocyte antigen SHWI  segmental hepatic warm ischemia SHLD  shoulder SI  International System of Units [Fr. Sys- SHML  sinus histiocytosis with massive tème International d’Unités]; sacroiliac; sa- lymphadenopathy line infusion; saline injection; saturation SHMO  senior hospital medical officer index; self-inflicted; sensory integration; sep- SHMO, S/HMO  social health mainte- tic inflammation; serious illness; serum iron; nance organization severity index; sex inventory; shock index; SHMT  serine-hydroxymethyl transferase signal intensity; Singh Index; single injec- SHN  sexual and reproductive health nurse; tion; sinus irregularities; small intestine; so- spontaneous hemorrhagic necrosis; subacute cial interaction; soluble insulin; special hepatic necrosis intervention; spirochetosis icterohaemor- SHO  secondary hypertrophic osteoarthrop- rhagica; stability index; stimulation index; athy; Senior House Officer; simple harmonic stress incontinence; stroke index; structured oscillator interview; sucrase isomaltase; sulfoxidation  395 index; superior-inferior; suppression index; SIEB  Systematized Nomenclature of Medi- syncytium inducer cine International Editorial Board S/I  superior/inferior SIECUS  Sexuality Information and Educa- S&I  suction and irrigation tion Council of the United States Si  the most anterior point on the lower con- SIESTA  Snooze-Induced Excitation of Sym- tour of the sella turcica; silicon pathetically Triggered Activity [study] SIA  serum inhibitory activity; small in- SIF  sacral insufficiency fracture; serum- testine atresia; stress-induced analgesia; inhibition factor stress-induced anesthesia; stretch-induced SIFT  selector ion flow tube arrhythmia; subacute infectious arthritis; SIG  Self-Injury Grid; small inducible gene supplemental immunization activity; supple- SIg, sIg  surface immunoglobulin mentary immunization activities sig  sigmoidoscopy; significant; write on SIAD  syndrome of inappropriate antidiure- label sis SIgA, S-IgA  secretory immunoglobulin A SIADH  syndrome of inappropriate secretion SIGH-D  Structured Interview for the Ham- of antidiuretic hormone ilton Depression Scale SIAM  Streptokinase in Acute Myocardial SigInt  signal intelligence Infarction [study] SIgM, S-IgM  secretory immunoglobulin M SIB  self-inflating bulb; self-injurious behav- SIGMAV  Sigma virus ior; sibling in semantic hierarchy; Swiss In- sigmo  sigmoidoscope or sigmoidoscopy stitute of Bioinformatics SIGN  Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline sib, sibs  sibling, siblings Network SIBLING  small integrin binding ligand SIH  stimulation-induced hypalgesia; stress- N-linked glycoprotein induced hyperthermia; suction-induced hy- SIBO  small intestinal bacterial overgrowth poxemia SIB X, SIBX  extended siblings in semantic SIHDSPS  Stockholm Ischemic Heart Dis- hierarchy ease Secondary Prevention Study SIC  serum insulin concentration; Standard SIHE  spontaneous intramural hematoma of Industrial Classification the esophagus SICCO  Stenting in Chronic Coronary Oc- SI-HRDS  structured interview Hamilton rat- clusion [study] ing scale for depression SICD  serum isocitrate dehydrogenase SII  self-inflicted injury sICH  symptomatic intracerebral hemor- SIIM  Society for Imaging Informatics in rhage Medicine SICU  spinal intensive care unit; surgical in- SIJ  sacroiliac joint tensive care unit SIL  soluble interleukin; speech interference SID  focal spot to imaging plane distance; level; squamous intraepithelial lesion once per day [Lat. semel in die]; selective in- SILD  Sequenced Inventory of Language De- testinal decontamination; single intradermal velopment [test]; Society for Investigative Dermatology; SIM  selected ion monitoring; small intestine source-image distance; source-isocenter dis- mesentery; Society for Industrial Microbiol- tance; standard imaging display; state inpa- ogy; Society for the Internet in Medicine; tient database; stress-induced depolarization; specialized intestinal metaplasia; subscriber strong ion difference; sucrase-isomaltase de- identity module ficiency; sudden inexplicable death; sudden SIMA  single internal mammary artery; infant death; suggested indication of diagno- Stenting vs. Internal Mammary Artery for sis; systemic inflammatory disease Single Left Anterior Descending Arterial Le- s.i.d.  once per day [Lat. semel in die] sion [trial] SIDAM  Structured Interview for the Diag- SIMD  single instruction, multiple data nosis of Dementia of the Alzheimer Type, SIMFE  severe infantile multifocal epilepsy Multi-Infarct Dementia, and Dementias of SIMP  Schmele instrument to measure the Other Etiology process of nursing care; simulation of initial SIDDT  sudden infant death with dysgenesis medical problem of the testes SIMP-C  Schmele instrument to measure the SIDS  sudden infant death syndrome; sulfo- process of nursing care iduronate sulfatase SIMP-H  Schmele instrument to measure the SIE  sis-inducible element; stroke in evolu- process of nursing care in home care tion SIMPLE  symbolic interactive modeling SIEA  superficial inferior epigastric artery package and learning environment  396 SIMS  secondary ion mass spectroscopy; taneous interictal spike; sterile injectable  situational information management system solution; sterile injectable suspension; supple- simul  simultaneously mental information seeking; Surgical Infec- SIMV  Simbu virus; synchronized intermit- tion Society; surgical information system tent mandatory ventilation; synchronized in- SISA  Stenting in Small Arteries [trial] termittent mechanical ventilation SISAMI  Silent Ischemia in Survivors of SIN  salpingitis isthmica nodosa; self- Acute Myocardial Infarction [study] inactivating; Sindbis [virus] SISCOM  subtraction ictal single proton SINE  short interspersed element emission computed tomography coregistered SIN-FM  Short Indexed Nomenclature- to magnetic resonance imaging Family Medicine SISH  silver in situ hybridization; Stage I SINS  Semi-Structured Intelligent Naviga- Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly [study] tion System SISI  short increment sensitivity index SINV  Sindbis virus SISO  single input, single output SIO  sacroiliac orthosis SISRC  Self-Injury and Self-Restraint SIOP  International Society of Pediatric On- Checklist cology SISS  Sentinel Injury Surveillance System; SIP  saturation inversion projection; Short small inducible secreted substances Inventory of Problems; Sickness Impact Pro- SISTEMI  Southern Italian Study on Throm- file; slow inhibitory potential; stroke in pro- bolysis Early in Myocardial Infarction gression; summarized intensity projection; SISV, SiSV  simian sarcoma virus surface inductive plethysmography SIT  serum inhibiting titer; single inhaler SIPA  shear-induced platelet aggregation therapy; sit down; Slosson Intelligence Test; SIPS  Strategy for Intracoronary Ultrasound- specific immunotherapy; sperm immobiliza- Guided Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary tion test; strategic intermittent therapy; sug- Angioplasty and Stenting [trial] gested immobilization test sIPTH  serum immunoreactive parathyroid SITA  Swedish Interactive Threshold Algo- hormone rithm SIQ  Sexual Interest Questionnaire; Symp- SITHS  Swedish Secure Internet Within tom Interpretation Questionnaire Healthcare SIQR  semiinterquartile range SITS  supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres SIR  short intergenic region; single isomor- minor, subscapularis phous replacement; sliced inverse regression; SIU  International Urologic Society [Fr. So- Society of Interventional Radiology; specific ciété Internationale d’Urologie] immune release; standardized incidence SIV  simian immunodeficiency virus; ratio; stroke index ratio; susceptible, infect- Sprague-Dawley-Ivanovas [rat] ed, recovered; syndrome of immediate reac- SIV-agm  simian immunodeficiency virus tivities African green monkey SIRA  Scientific Instrument Research Asso- SIV-agm.3  simian immunodeficiency ciation virus African green monkey 3 SIRE  short interspersed repetitive element SIV-agm.155  simian immunodeficiency SIREF  specific immune response–enhancing virus African green monkey 155 factor SIV-agm.gr  simian immunodeficiency SIRF  severely impaired renal function; sig- virus African green monkey gr-1 nificant intrarenal fragments SIV-agm.sab  simian immunodeficiency SIRIS  sputter-initiated resonance ionization virus African green monkey Sab 1 spectroscopy SIV-agm.tan  simian immunodeficiency siRNA  small interfering ribonucleic acid virus African green monkey Tan 1 SIRS  soluble immune response suppressor; SIV-agm.TYO  simian immunodeficiency Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms; virus African green monkey TYO systemic inflammatory response syndrome SIV-cpz  simian immunodeficiency virus SiRV  simian rotavirus chimpanzee SiRV-SA11  simian rotavirus SA11 SIVH  stress-induced visceral hyperalgesia SIS  semantic indexing system; Senologic In- SIV-mac  simian immunodeficiency virus ternational Society [Fr. Société Internationale rhesus macaque de Sénologie]; serotonin irritation syndrome; SIV-mnd  simian immunodeficiency virus simian sarcoma; simulator-induced syndrome; mandrill small intestinal submucosa; social information SIV-mne  simian immunodeficiency virus system; specialized information system; spon- pig-tailed macaque  397 SIV-rcm  simian immunodeficiency virus lymphocyte; sodium lactate; solidified liquid; red-capped mangabey sound level; SPECIALIST Lexicon; Stein- SIV-sm  simian immunodeficiency virus Leventhal [syndrome]; streptolysin; sublin- sooty mangabey gual; sway length SIV-stm  simian immunodeficiency virus SL  systolic wave, latent stump-tailed macaque S/L  sublingual SIV-syk  simian immunodeficiency virus Sl  Steel [mouse] Sykes monkey sl  in a broad sense [Lat. sensu lato]; stem- SIW  self-inflicted wound line; sublingual SIWI  selective incomplete white matter in- SLA  left sacroanterior [Lat. sacrolaeva ante- farction rior]; single-cell liquid cytotoxic assay; slide SIWIP  self-induced water intoxication and latex agglutination; soluble liver antigen; ste- psychosis reo lithography; superficial linear array; SIWIS  self-induced water intoxication and surfactant-like activity schizophrenic disorders SLA  segment length, anterior SJ  Jaccard coefficient SLAC  scapholunate advanced collapse SJA  Schwartz-Jampel-Aberfeld [syndrome] SLAM  scanning laser acoustic microscope; SJAV  Sandjimba virus systemic lupus erythematosus activity mea- SjbO2  jugular bulb venous oxygen satura- sure tion SLAP  serum leucine aminopeptidase; supe- SJC  swollen joint count rior labrum anterior to posterior [lesion] SjO2  jugular vein oxygen saturation SLAT  simultaneous laryngoscopy and ab- SJR  Shinowara-Jones-Reinhart [unit] dominal thrusts SJS  Schwartz-Jampel syndrome; Stevens- SLB  short leg brace Johnson syndrome; stiff joint syndrome; SLBP  stem-loop binding protein Swyer-James syndrome SLC  short leg cast; solute carrier SjS  Sjögren syndrome SLCC  short leg cylinder cast SJS/TEN  Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic SLD  scapholunar dissociation; sublethal epidermal necrolysis damage SJV  San Juan virus SLD, SLDH  serum lactate dehydrogenase SjVO2  jugular venous oxygen saturation SLDR  sublethal damage repair SK  seborrheic keratosis; senile keratosis; SLE  slit-lamp examination; St. Louis en- Sloan-Kettering [Cancer Center]; spontane- cephalitis; systemic lupus erythematosus ous killer [cell]; squamous keratin; state of SLEA  sheep erythrocyte antibody knowledge; streptokinase; swine kidney SLEDAI  systemic lupus erythematosus dis- Sk  skin ease activity index SKA  supracondylar knee-ankle [orthosis] SLEP  short latent evoked potential SKALP  skin-derived antileukoproteinase SLEV  St. Louis encephalitis virus SKAT  Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test sLex  sialyl Lewis x SKDAMI  Streptokinase plus Desmopressin SLF  Steel factor in Acute Myocardial Infarction [study] SL-GXT  symptom-limited graded exercise skel  skeleton, skeletal test SKHYDIP  Skara Hypertension and Diabe- SLH  staple line height tes Project SLHR  sex-linked hypophosphatemic rickets SKI  Sloan-Kettering Institute SLHT  straight-line Hough transform SKL  serum killing level SLI  selective lymphoid irradiation; soma- SkM  skeletal muscle tostatin-like immunoreactivity; specific  SKR  semantic knowledge representation language impairment; splenic localization SKSD, SK-SD  streptokinase-streptodornase index SKT  skin temperature SLI  segment length, inferior sk trx  skeletal traction SLIC  scanning liquid ionization chamber; SKY  spectral karyotyping Scottish Library and Information Council; SL  sarcolemma; scapholunar, scapholunate; super lubricious integrated coating sclerosing leukoencephalopathy; secondary SLIP  serial line interface protocol; sliding leukemia; segment length; sensation level; linear investigative platform sensory latency; septal leaflet; short leg SLIR  somatostatin-like immunoreactivity [brace]; Sibley-Lehninger [unit]; signal SLJD  Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease level; Sinding-Larsen [syndrome]; Sjögren- SLK  superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis Larsson [syndrome]; slit lamp; small SLKC  superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis  398 SLL  small lymphocytic lymphoma medicine; storage manager; streptomycin; SLL  segment length, lateral Strümpell-Marie [syndrome]; submandibu- SLM  sound level meter lar; submaxillary; submucous; suckling SLMC  spontaneous lymphocyte-mediated mouse; sucrose medium; suction method; cytotoxicity sulfomethyl; superior mesenteric; surgical SLN  sentinel lymph node; sublentiform nu- microscope; surrogate mother; sustained cleus; superior laryngeal nerve; SYBYL line medication; symptoms; synaptic membrane; notation synovial membrane; systemic mastocytosis; SLNWBC  short-leg non–weight-bearing cast systolic motion; systolic murmur SLNWC  short-leg nonwalking cast S/M  sadomasochism; suspicious or malig- SLO  scanning laser ophthalmoscopy; Smith- nant Lemli-Opitz syndrome; streptolysin O Sm  samarium; Serratia marcescens; Smith SLOS  Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome [antigen] S-LOST  sulfur mustard, for Lommel and sM  small membrane [protein]; suckling Steinkopf mouse SLP  left sacroposterior [Lat. sacrolaeva pos- sm  smear terior]; segmental limb systolic pressure; SMA  sequential multichannel autoanalyzer; sex-limited protein; single-locus probe; short shape memory alloy; simultaneous multi- luteal phase; speech language pathologist; channel autoanalyzer; smooth muscle anti- subluxation of the patella body; Society for Medical Anthropology; slp  sex-limited protein somatomedin A; spinal muscular atrophy; SLPI  salivary leukocyte protease inhibitor; spontaneous motor activity; standard method secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor agar; superior mesenteric artery; supplemen- SLPP  serum lipophosphoprotein tary motor area; symptomatic morphologic SLR  Shwartzman local reaction; single-lens anomaly reflex; stentlike result; straight leg raising SM-A  somatomedin A SLRROM  shoulder lateral rotation range of SMA-6  Sequential Multiple Analysis for motion six different serum tests SLRT  straight leg-raising test SMABF  superior mesenteric artery blood SLS  Seattle Longitudinal Study; segment flow long spacing; short-leg splint; single-leg SMAC  Sequential Multiple Analyzer Com- separation; single-limb support; Sjögren- puter Larsson syndrome; sodium lauryl phosphate; SMAE  superior mesenteric artery embolism stagnant loop syndrome; Stein-Leventhal SMAF  smooth muscle activating factor; syndrome; synthetic lethal screening specific macrophage arming factor SLS  segment length, septal SMAG  Special Medical Advisory Group SLT  left sacrotransverse [Lat. sacrolaeva SM-AHNMD  systemic mastocytosis with transversa]; selective laser trabeculoplasty; associated clonal hematologic non–mast cell single-lumen tube; single-lung transplanta- lineage disease tion; smokeless tobacco; solid logic tech­ SMAL  serum methyl alcohol level nology sm an  small animal SLTEC/VTEC  Shigella-like toxin (verotox- SMAO  superior mesenteric artery occlusion in) producing Escherichia coli SMAP  systemic mean arterial pressure SLUD  salivation, lacrimation, urination, def- SMART  Self-Measurement for Assessment ecation of the Response to Trandolapril [study]; se- SLUDGE  salivation, lacrimation, urination, mantic adaptive resonance theory; simultane- defecation, gastrointestinal upset, emesis ous multiple-angle reconstruction technique; SLUMS  St. Louis University Mental Status small-volume multiple non-coplanar arc ra- [examination] diotherapy; sperm microaspiration retrieval SLV  semilatent virus; symptomless virus technique; Study of Medicine vs. Angioplas- SLVDS  San Luis Valley Diabetes Study ty Reperfusion Trial; Study of Microstent’s SLWC  short-leg walking cast Ability to Limit Restenosis Trial SM  Master of Science [Lat. Scientiae Ma- SMARTT  Serum Markers, Acute Myocar- gister]; sadomasochism; segmental mastec- dial Infarction, and Rapid Treatment Trial tomy; self-monitoring; sensitivity matrix; SMAS  submuscular aponeurotic system; su- serum; silicon microphysiometer; simple perficial musculo-aponeurotic system; supe- mastectomy; skim milk; smooth muscle; so- rior mesenteric artery syndrome matomedin; space medicine; sphingomyelin; SMASH  Simultaneous Acquisition of Spa- splenic macrophage; splenomegaly; sports tial Harmonics; Swiss Multicenter Evaluation  399 of Early Angioplasty for Shock; Sydney Men SMFP  state medical facilities plan and Sexual Health [study] SMG  specialty medical group; submandibu- SMAST  Short Michigan Alcoholism Screen- lar gland ing Test SmG  supramarginal gyrus SMATS  Seek Medical Attention in Time SMH  state mental hospital; strongyloidiasis Study with massive hyperinfection SMB  selected mucosal biopsy; standard SMHA  state mental health agency mineral base SMHC  smooth muscle heavy-chain myosin sMb  suckling mouse brain SMI  Self-Motivation Inventory; senior med- SMBFT  small bowel follow-through ical investigator; serious mental illness; se- SMBG  self-monitoring of blood glucose vere mental impairment; silent myocardial SMC  safety monitoring committee; Scien- infarction; stress myocardial image; Style of tific Manpower Commission; smooth muscle Mind Inventory; supplementary medical in- cell; somatomedin C; succinylmonocholine; surance; sustained maximum inspiration supernumerary marker chromosome; suture- SmIg  surface membrane immunoglobulin mediated closure SMILE  So Much Improvement with a SM-C, Sm-C  somatomedin C Little Exercise [program]; Survival of Myo- SMCA  smooth muscle contracting agent; cardial Infarction: Long-Term Evaluation suckling mouse cataract agent [study] SMCC   succininamidyl-4-(N-maleimido- SMISS  Silent Myocardial Ischemia Stress methyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate Study SMCD  senile macular choroidal degenera- SMK  structured meta-knowledge tion; systemic mast cell disease; systemic SML  smouldering leukemia meningococcal disease SMM  scintimammography; smoldering mul­ SM-C/IGF  somatomedin C/insulin-like growth tiple myeloma factor SMMD  specimen mass measurement device SMCR  Smith-Magenis chromosome region; SMMHC  smooth muscle myosin heavy 5-sulfoxymethylchrysene chain SmCS  smart classification SMMSE  Standardized Mini-Mental State SMD  senile macular degeneration; severe Examination mental disorder; spondylometaphyseal dys- SMN  second malignant neoplasm; stath- plasia; submanubrial dullness min; surgical microscope navigator; survival SMDA  Safe Medical Devices Act; starch motor neuron methylenedianiline SMNB  submaximal neuromuscular block SMDC  sodium-N-methyl dithiocarbamate; SMNT  telemeric survival motor neuron standards for medical device communica- SMO  second medical opinion; senior medi- tion cal officer; slips made out; surveillance med- SM-HDRA  simulated microgravity histo- ical officer culture drug response assay SMOH  senior medical officer of health; So- SMDM  Society for Medical Decision ciety of Medical Officers of Health Making SMON  subacute myeloopticoneuropathy SMDP  semi-Markov decision process SMP  slow-moving protease; standard medi- SMDS  secondary myelodysplastic syn- cal practice; submitochondrial particle; sulfa- drome; switched multimegabit data service methoxypyrazine; symmetric multiprocessor; SME  severe myoclonic epilepsy sympathetically maintained pain SMEB  severe myoclonic epilepsy, border- SMPC  summary of product characteristics line SMPR  small mannose 6-phosphate receptor SMED  spondylometaphyseal dysplasia SMPV  superior mesenteric portal vein SMEDI  stillbirth mummification, embryonic SMQ  Standard MeDRA Query death, infertility [syndrome] SMR  scatter maximum ratio; senior medical SMEI  severe myoclonic epilepsy, of infancy resident; sensorimotor rhythm; severe mental SMEM  supplemented Eagle minimum es- retardation; sexual maturity rating; signifi- sential medium cantly lower mortality rate; skeletal muscle SMF  selected minerals in food; streptozocin, relaxant; somnolent metabolic rate; standard- mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil; submembrane ized mortality rates; standardized mortality region containing thrombosthenin filaments; ratio; stroke with minimum residuum; sub- substructural molecular fragment mucosal resection smf  sodium motive force SMRR  submucosal resection and rhino­ SMFM  shear modulation force microscopy plasty  400 SMRT  silencing mediator of retinoid and SNC  spontaneous neonatal chylothorax thyroid receptors SNCL  sinus node cycle length SMRV  squirrel monkey retrovirus SNCS  sensory nerve conduction studies SMS  scalable modeling system; senior med- SNCV  sensory nerve conduction velocity ical student; serial motor seizures; Shared SND  scatter number density; sinus node Medical Systems; short messaging system; dysfunction; striatonigral degeneration; sym- Simvastatin Multicenter Study; Smith- pathetic nerve discharge; systematic nodal Magenis syndrome; somatostatin; stiff-man dissection syndrome; supplemental minimum sodium SNDA  Student National Dental Association SMSA  standard metropolitan statistical area SNDO  Standard Nomenclature of Diseases SMSV  San Miguel sea lion virus and Operations SMT  Spanish Multicentre Study; spontane- SNE  sinus node electrogram; subacute nec- ous mammary tumor; stereotactic mesen- rotizing encephalomyelography cephalic tractomy; Stockholm Metoprolol SNEB  Sindh Nurses Examination Board; Trial; surface mouth technology; Swedish Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior massage therapy SNES  suprascapular nerve entrapment syn- SMTP  simple mail transfer protocol drome S-MUAP  surface-detected motor unit action SNF  sinus node formation; skilled nursing potential facility SMuLV  Scripps murine leukemia virus SNGBF  single nephron glomerular blood SMV  skeletal muscle ventricle; superior flow mesenteric vein SNGFR  single nephron glomerular filtration SMWHS  Seattle Midlife Women’s Health rate Study SNHL  sensorineural hearing loss SMX, SMZ  sulfamethoxazole SNID  subnational immunization day SN  school nurse; sclerema neonatorum; SNIPA  seronegative inflammatory polyar- scrub nurse; Semantic Network; sensorineu- thritis ral; sensory neuron; serum neutralization; SNIVT  Society of Non-Invasive Vascular sinus node; spontaneous nystagmus; staff Technology nurse; stromal nodule; student nurse; subnor- SNJ  sebaceous nevus of Jadassohn mal; substantia nigra; supernatant; supraster- SNK  Student-Newman-Keuls [method] nal notch SNM  Society of Nuclear Medicine; sulfa- S/N  signal/noise ratio; supernatant nilamide Sn  subnasale SNMA  Student National Medical Associa- sn  small nucleolar tion SNA  specimen not available; Student Nurs- SNMP  simple network management pro­ es Association; sympathetic nerve activity tocol SNa  serum sodium concentration SNMT  Society of Nuclear Medical Tech- SNAC  scaphoid nonunion advanced col- nologists lapse; sertoli neuron aggregated cells; S- SN-N  suprasternal notch-to-nipple distance nitroso-N-acetylcysteine; sodium N-caprylate (sternal notch disease) SNagg  serum normal agglutinator SNNS  sentinel node navigation surgery SNAP  Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology sno  small nucleolar [study]; sensory nerve action potential;  SNOBOL  String-Oriented Symbolic Lan- S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine; soluble guage N-ethylmaleimide–sensitive fusion protein SNODO  Standard Nomenclature of Dis- attachment protein; Stanford Nutrition Ac- eases and Operations tion Program SNOMED  Systematized Nomenclature of SNaP  Study of Sodium and Blood Pressure Medicine SNAP-25  synaptosome-associated protein SNOMED CMT  Systematized Nomencla- of 25 kilodaltons ture of Medicine Convergent Medical Termi- SNAPE  Study of Nicorandil in Angina Pec- nology toris in the Elderly SNOMED CT  Systematized Nomenclature SNAP–PE  Score for Neonatal Acute Physi- of Medicine Clinical Terminology ology–Perinatal Extension SNOMED RT  Systematized Nomenclature SNARE  soluble N-ethylmaleimide–sensitive of Medicine Reference Terminology fusion protein attachment protein receptor SNOMED RT/CMT  Systematized Nomen- SNARL  suggested no adverse response level clature of Medicine Reference Terminology/ SNB  scalene node biopsy Convergent Medical Terminology  401 SNOP  Systematized Nomenclature of Pa- SOA  serum opsonic activity; shortness of thology air; spinal opioid anesthesia; stimulus onset snoRNA  small nucleolar ribonucleic acid asynchrony; swelling of ankles snoRNP  small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein SoA  symptoms of asthma SNP  school nurse practitioner; single SOAA  signed out against advice nucleotide polymorphism; sinonasal papil- SOAMA  signed out against medical advice loma; sinus node potential; sodium nitroprus- SOA-MCA  superficial occipital artery to side middle cerebral artery S-NPI  start nuclear polymorphism index SOAP  subjective, objective, assessment, SNPV  single nucleopolyhedrovirus and plan SNR  selective nerve root; semantic network SOAPIE  subjective, objective, assessment, relationship; signal/noise ratio; substantia plan, implementation, and evaluation nigra zona reticulata; supernumerary rib SOAR  Safety of Orbofiban in Acute Coro- Snr  substantia nigra zona reticulata nary Research [study] SNRB  selective nerve root block SOB  see order blank; shortness of breath; snRNA  small nuclear ribonucleic acid; stool occult blood small nucleolar ribonucleic acid SOBOE  shortness of breath on exertion SNRI  selective serotonin-norepinephrine SOBP  spread out Bragg peak [radiotherapy] reuptake inhibitor SOC  self-organized criticality; sequential snRNP  small nuclear ribonucleoprotein; oral contraceptive; Standard Occupational small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle Classification; standards of care; state of snRP  small nuclear ribonucleoprotein poly- consciousness; store-operated channel; sur- peptide gical overhead canopy; synovial osteochon- snRPB  small nuclear ribonucleoprotein dromatosis; syphilitic osteochondritis; polypeptide B system on a chip SNRPix  signal/noise ratio per pixel SoC  state of consciousness snRPN  small nuclear ribonucleoprotein SOCIAIDS  Study of Cardiac Involvement polypeptide N in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome SNRT  sinus node recovery time SoCPA  stage of change for physical activity SNRTd  sinus node recovery time, direct SOCRATES  Study of Coronary Revascular- measuring ization and Therapeutic Evaluations SNRTi  sinus node recovery time, indirect SOCS1  suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 measuring SocSec  Social Security SNS  Senior Nursing Sister; Society of Neu- SocServ  social services rological Surgeons; supplementary nursing S-OCT  serum ornithine carbamyl transfer- system; sympathetic nervous system ase SNSA  seronegative spondyloarthropathy SOD  selective oropharyngeal decontamina- S-NSE  serum neuron-specific enolase tion; septo-optic dysplasia; sphincter of Oddi SNST  sciatic nerve stretch test dysfunction; superoxide dismutase SNT  sinuses, nose, and throat; spectral noise sod  sodium threshold SODAS  spheroidal oral drug absorption SNTB  smear-negative tuberculosis system SNU  skilled nursing unit sod bicarb  sodium bicarbonate SNuPE  single nucleotide primer extension SODF  sperm outer defense fiber SNV  Sin nombre virus; spleen necrosis SODH  sorbitol dehydrogenase virus SOF  Study of Osteoporotic Fractures; supe- SNVDO  Standard Nomenclature of Veteri- rior orbital fissure nary Diseases and Operations SOFA  sequential organ failure assessment SNW  slow negative wave SOFLC  self-organizing fuzzy logic control SO  salpingo-oophorectomy; Schlatter-Os- SOFM  self-organization feature map good [disease]; second opinion; sex offender; SOG  supraorbital groove shoulder orthosis; site of origin; slow oxida- SOH  sympathetic orthostatic hypotension tive; spheno-occipital; sphincter of Oddi; SOHN  Society of Otorhinolaryngology and spinal orthosis; standing orders; suboccipital; Head-Neck Nurses; supraoptic hypothalamic superior oblique; supraoccipital; supraoptic; nucleus supraorbital; sutures out; sympathetic oph- SOHND  supraomohyoid neck dissection thalmia SOHO  self-organizing, holarchic, open S&O  salpingo-oophorectomy SOI  severity of illness; signal of interest SO2  oxygen saturation SOL  solution; space-occupying lesion  402 sol  soluble, solution SOSA  Student Osteopathic Surgical Asso- SOLD  Stenting After Optimal Lesion De­ ciation bulking [trial] SOSF  single organ system failure SOLEC  stand on one leg, eyes closed SOS study  Swedish Obese Subjects study Soln, sol’n  solution SOST  sclerosteosis gene SOLVD  Studies of Left Ventricular Dys- SOT  sensory organization test; solid-organ function transplantation; systemic oxygen transport SOM  secretory otitis media; self-organizing SOWS  subjective opiate withdrawal scale map; sensitivity of method; serous otitis SP  sacroposterior; sacrum to pubis; salivary media; somatotropin; state operations manu- progesterone; schizotypal personality; secre- al; superior oblique muscle; suppurative oti- tory piece; semiprivate; senile plaque; se- tis media; supraorbital margin; sustained piapterin; septal pore; septum pellucidum; outward movement sequence processor; sequential pulse; serine/ SOMA  Student Osteopathic Medical Asso- proline; seropositive; serum protein; shunt ciation; subjective, objective, management, pressure; shunt procedure; silent period;  and analytic skin potential; sleep deprivation; slow path- somat  somatic way; small protein; smoothed periodogram; SOMI  sternal occipital mandibular immobi- soft palate; solid phase; spastic paraplegia; lization specific protocol; spectrogram; speech pa- SOMME  suborbital mimetic muscle eleva- thology; spiramycin; spirometry; spleen; tion spontaneous proliferation; standard practice; SON  superior olivary nucleus; supraoptic standard procedure; standardized patient; nucleus standards of performance; staphylococcal SONET  synchronous optical network trans- protease; Staphylococcus pneumoniae; status mission post[operative]; steady potential; stimulus to SONH  spontaneous osteonecrosis of the P wave; stool preservative; storage phosphor; hip subliminal perception; substance P; sulfa- SONK  spontaneous osteonecrosis of the doxine-pyrimethamine; sulfapyridine; sulfo- knee propyl; summating potential; superimposed SOO  structured office oral [examination] pressure; suprapatellar; suprapubic; surface SOOF  suborbital orbicular fat polypeptide; surfactant protein; symphysis SOP  service-object pair; standard operating pubis; synthase phosphatase; systolic pres- procedure sure SoP  standard of performance Sp  most posterior point on posterior contour SOPA  Survey of Pain Attitudes; syndrome of sella turcica; sleep spindle; species; spe- of primary aldosteronism cific; specimen; sphenoid; spine; Spirillum; SOPCA  sporadic olivopontocerebellar atax- summation potential ia S/P, s/p  status post[operative] SOPED  Shock Outcome Prediction in the S1P  sphingosine 1-phosphate Emergency Department [score] S7P  sedoheptulose-7-phosphate SOPHE  Society for Public Health Educa- Sp  pooled standard deviation tion sP  senile parkinsonism; structural protein SOPI  service object pair instance sp  space; species; specific; spine, spinal; SOPO  set of possible occurrences spirit SOQ  Suicide Opinion Questionnaire SPA  salt-poor albumin; sheep pulmonary SOR  stimulus-organism response; strength adenomatosis; single-photon absorptiometry; of recommendation; successive over- spastic ataxia; sperm penetration assay; spi- relaxation; superoxide release nal progressive amyotrophy; spondyloarth­ SOr  supraorbitale ropathy; spontaneous platelet aggregation; sOR  stratified odds ratio staphylococcal protein A; student progress Sorb, sorb  sorbitol assessment; suprapubic aspiration; surface SORD  sorbitol dehydrogenase polypeptide, anonymous SOREM  sleep-onset rapid eye movement SP-A  surfactant protein A SORF  spliceable open-reading frame SPA-Acad  Acadian spastic ataxia SOS  self-obtained smear; son of sevenless; SPACE  single potential analysis of cavern- Southern Oxidant Study; speed of sound; ous electrical activity supplemental oxygen system; surgery on site; sp act  specific activity Swedish Obesity Study SPACTO  Stent vs. Percutaneous Angioplas- SoS  Stent or Surgery [study] ty in Chronic Total Occlusion [trial]  403 SPAD  stenosing peripheral arterial disease SPEAR  selective parenteral and enteral anti- SPAF  spontaneous paroxysmal atrial fibril- sepsis regimen lation; Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrilla- SPE-C  streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C tion [trial] Spec  specialist, specialty; specificity SPAF TEE  Stroke Prevention in Atrial spec  special; specific; specificity; specimen Fibrillation-Transesophageal Echo [study] spec gr  specific gravity SPAG  small particle aerosol generator SPECT  single photon emission computed SPAI  steroid protein activity index tomography SPAM  scanning photoacoustic microscopy SPEED  Strategies for Patency Enhancement SPAMM  spatial modulation of magnetiza- in the Emergency Department [study] tion sPEEP  spontaneous peak end-expiratory sp an  spinal anesthesia pressure sPAP  systolic pulmonary artery pressure SPEG  serum protein electrophoretogram SPAR  sensitivity prediction by acoustic re- SPEL  syndactyly, polydactyly, earlobe [syn- flex drome] SPARC  cysteine-rich acidic secreted pro- SPEM  smooth pursuit eye movement tein; Stroke Prevention Assessment of Risk SPEP  serum protein electrophoresis; Struc- and Community [trial] tured Patient Education Programme SPARS  spatially resolved spectrometry SPERM  spastic paraplegia, epilepsy, mental SPAT  slow paroxysmal atrial tachycardia; retardation [syndrome] spatial concept SPET  single-photon emission tomography; SPB  sinking pre–beta-lipoprotein Surgical Procedure Entry Tool SP-B  surfactant protein B SPF  skin protection factor; specific patho- SPBI  serum protein-bound iodine; sun- gen free; spectrophotofluorometer; S-phase protector behavior index fraction; split products of fibrin; standard SPBMD  spinal bone mineral density perfusion fluid; Stuart-Prower factor; sun SPC  safe psoriasis control; salicylamide, protection factor; systemic pulmonary fistula phenacetin, and caffeine; scaphopisocapitate; Sp Fl, sp fl  spinal fluid seropositive carrier; single palmar crease; SPG  serine phosphoglyceride; spastic para- single photoelectron count; soy phosphati- plegia; sphenopalatine ganglion; splenopor- dylcholine; spleen cell; standard plate count; tography; sucrose, phosphate, glutamate; statistical process control; summary of prod- symmetric peripheral gangrene uct characteristics; synthetizing protein com- SpG  specific gravity plex spg  sponge SP-C  surfactant protein C SPGA  Bovarnik solution; sucrose, phos- SPCA  serum prothrombin conversion accel- phate, glutamate, albumin erator; Society for Prevention of Cruelty to SPGR  spoiled gradient Animals; systemic pulmonary collateral artery SpGr, sp gr  specific gravity SPCC  Spill Prevention, Control, and Coun- SPGX  spastic paraplegia, X-linked termeasure [plan] SPGY  spermatogenesis on Y SPCD  syndrome of primary ciliary dyski­ SPH  secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis; nesia severely and profoundly handicapped; sphe- Sp Cd, sp cd  spinal cord rocyte; spherocytosis; sphingomyelin SPCG  spectral phonocardiography Sph  sphenoidale; sphingomyelin SPD  schizotypal personality disorder; socio- sph  spherical; spherical lens; spheroid pathic personality disorder; specific paroxys- SPHS  Saskatoon Pregnancy and Health Study mal discharge; spermidine; standard peak sp ht  specific heat dilution; sterile processing department; stor- SPI  selective protein index; Self-Perception age pool deficiency Inventory; serum-precipitable iodine; serum SPDT  single pole, double throw protein index; Shipley Personal Inventory; SPDC  strio-pallido-dentate calcinosis speech processor interface; standardized SpDur  spike duration patient instructor; standards for pediatric im- SPE  septic pulmonary edema; serum protein munization; structured pain interview; Study electrolytes; serum protein electrophoresis; of Perioperative Ischemia; subclinical papil- streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin; sucrose lomavirus infection polyester; sustained physical exercise SPI 1, 2  Salmonella pathogenicity island SPEA  strength Pareto evolutionary ap- 1, 2 proach algorithm SPIA  solid-phase immunoabsorption; solid- SPEAK  spectral peak [strategy] phase immunoassay  404 SPICE  Simulation Program with Integrated S-PMVT  sustained polymorphic ventricular Circuit Emphasis; Study of Patients Intoler- fibrillation ant to Converting Enzyme Inhibitors SPN  senior plan network; sialophorin; Soci- SPICED TEAS  Study of Pacemakers and ety of Pediatric Nurses; solitary pulmonary Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Trig- nodule; student professional nurse; supple- gering by Electronic Article Surveillance mental parenteral nutrition; sympathetic pre- Devices ganglionic neuron SPICU  surgical pulmonary intensive care SpnCbT  spinocerebellar tract unit SpO2  functional oxygen saturation; pulse SPID  summed pain intensity difference oximetry SPIDERS  Secondary Prevention of Isch- SPOCS  Surgical Planning and Organization emic Disease by Estrogen Replacement or Computer System Statins SPOD  spouse’s perception of disease SPIE  International Society for Optical Engi- spon, spont  spontaneous neering SPONASTRIME  spondylar and nasal alter- SPIF  solid-phase immunoassay fluorescence ations with striated metaphyses; spondylar SPIH  superimposed pregnancy-induced hy- changes, nasal anomaly, associated metaphy- pertension ses [dysplasia] SPIHT  set partitioning in hierarchical tree SPOOL  simultaneous peripheral operation SPIN  signal processing in nuclear magnetic on-line resonance; Social Phobia Inventory SPOP  sequential paired opposed plaque spin  spine, spinal [technique] SPINAF  Stroke Prevention in Nonrheumat- SPORE  Specialized Programs of Research ic Atrial Fibrillation [study] Excellence [study] SPIO  superparamagnetic iron oxide SPORT  Stent Implantation Postrotational SPIR  Study of Perioperative Ischemia Re- Atherectomy Trial search SPOT  synthetic peptides on membrane tech- spir  spiral; spirit nique SPIRIT  Salvage from Perindopril in Reper- SPOV  Spondweni virus fused Infarction Trial; Stroke Prevention in SPP  Sexuality Preference Profile; skin per- Reversible Ischemia Trial fusion pressure; small plaque parapsoriasis; SPJ  saphenopopliteal junction suprapubic prostatectomy SPK  serum pyruvate kinase; simultaneous spp  plural of species pancreas kidney [transplantation]; superficial SPPF  standard portable patient file punctate keratitis SPPK  striate palmoplantar keratoderma SPL  skin potential level; sound pressure Sp Pn, Sp Pnx  spontaneous pneumotho- level; splanchnic; spontaneous lesion; staph- rax ylococcal phage lysate; superior parietal lob- SPPP, sppp  plural of subspecies ule; surfactant proteolipid SPPS  single photon planar scintigraphy; SPLATT  split anterior tibial tendon solid phase peptide synthesis; stable plasma sPLM  sleep-related periodic leg movement protein solution SPLV  serum parvovirus-like virus SPPT  superprecipitation response SPlw  long window spectrogram SPPX  X-linked spastic paraplegia SPM  scanning probe microscopy; shocks SPR  scanned projection radiography; se- per minute; spatiotemporal population map; lected primer; sepiapterin reductase; serial spermine; statistical parametric mapping; probe recognition; skin potential response; subhuman primate model; suspended partic- specific pathogen free; Society for Pediatric ulate matter; synaptic plasma membrane Radiology; Society for Pediatric Research; SpM  spiriformis medialis solid phase radioimmunoassay; substance P spm  spermatogonial metaphase receptor; superior peroneal retinaculum SPMA  spinal progressive muscular atrophy Spr  scan projection radiography SPMD  single program, multiple data spr  sprain SPMR  standard proportionate mortality SPRAS  Sheehan patient-rated anxiety scale rate; standard proportionate mortality ratio SPRCA  solid phase red cell adherence assay SPMS  secondary progressive multiple scle- SPRIA  solid phase radioimmunoassay rosis SPRINT  Secondary Prevention of Reinfarc- SPMSQ  Short Portable Mental Status Ques- tion Israeli Nifedipine Trial tionnaire SPRM  selective progesterone receptor mod- SPmv  medium window spectrogram ulator  405 SPROM  spontaneous premature rupture of Sq  subcutaneous membrane sq  squamous; square SPRR  small proline-rich protein SQC  statistical quality control SPRRA  small proline-rich protein A sq cell ca  squamous cell carcinoma SPRRB  small proline-rich protein B SQI  signal quality index SPRRC  small proline-rich protein C SQL  standard query language; structured SPRS  Sixty Plus Reinfarction Study; Soci- query language ety of Pelvic Reconstructive Surgeons SQP  sequential quadratic programming SPRT  sequential probability ratio test; Sixty S–QRS  stimulus to QRS interval Plus Reinfarction Trial sq rt  square root SPS  scapuloperoneal syndrome; shoulder SQUID  superconducting quantum interfer- pain and stiffness; simple partial seizures; ence device slow progressive schizophrenia; Society of SQV  saquinavir Pelvic Surgeons; sodium polyanethol sulfo- SR  sample response; sarcoplasmic reticu- nate; sodium polystyrene; sound production lum; saturation recovery; scanning radiome- sample; spermidine synthase; stimulated pro- ter; screen; secretion rate; sedimentation  tein synthesis; Stockholm Prospective Study; rate; seizure resistant; selection relaxation; Suicide Probability Scale; systemic progres- self-recording; senior resident; sensitivity sive sclerosis response; sensitization response; service re- SpS  sphenoid sinus cord; sex ratio; short hair [guinea pig]; short sPSGL, (s)PSGL  soluble P-selectin glyco- range; side rails; sigma reaction; silicone rub- protein ligand ber; sinus rhythm; skin resistance; sleep and S-Psh, S-P shunt  systemic-to-pulmonary rest; slow release; smooth-rough [colony]; shunt sparse representation; spatial resolution; spe- spSHR  stroke-prone spontaneously hyper- cific release; specific resistance; specific  tensive rat response; speech recognition; splenorenal; SPSS  Statistical Package for the Social Sci- spontaneous respiration; steroid resistance; ences; Supplemental Pertussis Surveillance stimulus-response; stomach rumble; stress System related; stress relaxation; stretch reflex; SPST  Symonds Picture-Story Test sulfonamide resistant; superior rectus; sur- SPsw  short-window spectrogram face rendering; surface roughness; sustained SPT  second primary tumor; secretin-pancre- release; suture removal; synchronization azymin [test]; single-patch technique; single- ratio; systemic reaction; systemic resistance; patient trial; skin-prick test; sleep period systems research; systems review time; spectrin; standard psychometric test; S-R  smooth-rough [bacteria]; stimulus- station pull-through [technique] response SpT  spinal tap Sr  strontium SPTA  spatial peak temporal average; spec- sr  steradian trin alpha SRA  segmental renal artery; serum renin SPTAN  spectrin alpha, nonerythroid activity; spleen repopulating activity Sp tap  spinal tap SRAW, SRaw  specific airway resistance SPTI  systolic pressure time index SRB  sulforhodamine B SPTS  subjective posttraumatic syndrome SRBC  sheep red blood cells SPTx  static pelvic traction SRBCT  small round blue cell tumors SPU  short procedure unit; Society for Pedi- SRBD  sleep-related breathing disorder atric Urology; standardized photometric unit SRBSDS  short-range biologic standoff de- SPV  selective proximal vagotomy; Shope tection system papilloma virus; sulfophosphovanillin; sys- SRC  sedimented red cells; sheep red cells; tolic pressure variation signed reaction center; steroid receptor SPVV  sphincter pressure vector volume src  Rous sarcoma oncogene SPW  subxiphoid pericardial window SRCA  specific red cell adherence SPWVD  smooth pseudo-Winger-Ville dis- SRCBC  serum reserve cholesterol binding tribution capacity SPYWS  Stroke Prevention in Young Women SR/CP  schizophrenic reaction, chronic par- Study anoid SPZ  sulfinpyrazone SRD  service-related disability; Society for SQ  social quotient; status quo; subcutane- the Relief of Distress; Society for the Right ous; survey question; symptom question- to Die; sodium-restricted diet; specific read- naire; systemizing quotient ing disability; sustained rate duration  406 SRDS  severe respiratory distress syndrome SRPR  signal recognition particle receptor SRDT  single radial diffusion test SRPS  short rib-polydactyly syndrome SRE  Schedule of Recent Experiences; sperm SRQ  Self-Reporting Questionnaire recovering efficiency; standard regression ef- SRR  short R-R interval; stabilized relative fect; sterol regulatory element response; standardized rate ratio; surgery re- SREBP  sterol regulatory element binding covery room protein SRRD  sleep-related respiratory disturbances sREM  stage rapid eye movement SRRS  Social Readjustment Rating Scale SRF  semirigid fiberglass cast; serum re- SR-RSV  Schmidt-Ruppin Rous sarcoma sponsive factor; service response force; virus severe renal failure; skin reactive factor; SRS  schizophrenic residual state; sequential somatotropin-releasing factor; split renal retrieval system; sex reassignment surgery; function; subretinal fluid silencing regulatory sequence; Silver-Russell SRFA  selective restriction fragment amplifi- syndrome; simple repeat sequence; slow- cation reacting substance; Snyder-Robinson syn- SRF-A  slow-reacting–factor anaphylaxis drome; Social and Rehabilitation Service; SRFS  split renal function study social relationship scale; social responsive- SRG  specialty review group ness scale; somatostatin receptor scintigra- SRH  single radial hemolysis; somatotropin- phy; spermidine synthase; standard rating releasing hormone; spontaneously respond- scale; stereotactic radiosurgery; suppressor ing hyperthyroidism; stigmata of recent of rad six; Symptom Rating Scale hemorrhage SRSA, SRS-A  slow-reacting substance of SRI  serotonin reuptake inhibitor; severe anaphylaxis renal insufficiency; sorcin; sperm recovery SRSCB  six random systematic core biopsy index; Stanford Research Institute; strain rate SRSV  small round structured virus imaging; structured review instrument SRT  sedimentation rate test; selective retina SRID  single radial immunodiffusion therapy; simple reaction time; sinus node  SRIF  somatotropin-release inhibiting factor recovery time; sitting root test; Sorbinil  SRL  supranational reference laboratory Retinopathy Trial; speech reception test; SRLE  schedule of recent life events speech reception threshold; speech recogni- SRM  spontaneous rupture of membranes; tion technology; spontaneously resolving standard reference material; superior rectus thyrotoxicosis; surfactant replacement thera- muscle py; sustained-release theophylline; symptom SRMD  stress-related mucosal damage rating test SRN  state registered nurse SRU  sample ratio units; side rails up; soli- sRNA  soluble ribonucleic acid tary rectal ulcer; structural repeating unit SRNG  sustained-release nitroglycerin SRUS  solitary rectal ulcer syndrome SRNS  steroid-resistant nephrotic syn- SRV  Schmidt-Ruppin virus; sheep retrovi- drome rus; simian retrovirus; small round virus; SRNT  Society for Research on Nicotine and superior radicular vein Tobacco SRV 1, SRV 2  simian retroviruses 1 and 2 SRO  sex-ratio organism; single-room occu- SRVT  sustained reentrant ventricular pancy; smallest region of overlap; Steele- tachyarrhythmia Richardson-Olszewski [syndrome] SRW  short ragweed [test] SROC  summary receiver operating charac- SRWS  super radiology workstation teristic SRY  sex-determining region on Y chromo- SROF  sepsis-related organ failure some SROM  spontaneous rupture of membrane; SS  disulfide; sacrosciatic; saline soak; saline self range of motion solution; saliva sample; saliva substitute; SRP  scientific review panel; short rib- Salmonella-Shigella [agar]; salt substitute; polydactyly [syndrome]; signal recognition saturated solution; Schizophrenia Subscale; particle; Society for Radiological Protection; Seckel syndrome; seizure sensitive; selective sponsoring residency program; state regis- shunt; serum sickness; Sézary syndrome; tered physiotherapist; synchronized retroper- shear stress; short sleep; short stature; sib- fusion lings; sickle cell; side to side; signs and SRPG  simulated respiratory pattern gen­ symptoms; single stranded; single strength; erator Sjögren syndrome; skull series; soapsuds; SRPLND  secondary retroperitoneal lymph Social Security; social services; somatosta- node dissection tin; Spanish speaking; sparingly soluble;  407 spatial separation; stainless steel; standard SSCr  stainless steel crown score; statistically significant; steady state; SSCT  stereotactic subcaudate tractotomy steam sterilization; sterile solution; steroid SSD  shaded surface display; silver sulfadia- sensitivity; Stickler syndrome; stimulus sep- zine; single saturating dose; Social Security aration; stromal sarcoma; structural key; su- disability; solid-state detector; source-skin baortic stenosis; subscapular; subspinale; distance; source-surface distance; speech- substernal; succinimidyl succinate; suction sound discrimination; squared sum of inten- socket; sum of squares; supersaturated; sup- sity differences; succinate semialdehyde port and stimulation; Sweet syndrome; syn- dehydrogenase; sum of square deviations; chronous sampling; systemic sclerosis syndrome of sudden death S/S  salt substitute; signs/symptoms SSD-BP  single-stranded D-sequence binding S&S  signs and symptoms protein Ss  Shigella sonnei; subjects SSDBS  symptom schedule for the diagnosis ss  one half [Lat. semis]; single stranded of borderline schizophrenia SSA  salicylsalicylic acid; sicca syndrome A; SSDD  steroid sulfatase deficiency disease single-stranded annealing; skin-sensitizing SSDI  Social Security Disability Income; antibody; skin sympathetic activity; Sjögren striatal or striatocapsular small deep infarc- syndrome A; smallest space analysis; Smith tion; Supplemental Security Disability In- surface antigen; Social Security Act; Social come Security Administration; social service  ssDNA  single-stranded deoxyribonucleic agency; sperm-specific antiserum; stochastic acid simulated annealing; sulfosalicylic acid SSDS  stepping source dosimetry system SSAA  sicca syndrome associated antigen A; SSE  saline solution enema; skin self- Sjögren syndrome–associated antigen A; sy- examination; soap suds enema; steady state ringomyelia secondary to arachnoid adhe- exercise; subacute spongiform encepha­ sions lopathy SSAV  simian sarcoma–associated virus SSEA  stage-specific embryonic antigen SSB  short spike burst; sicca syndrome B; SSEP  somatosensory evoked potential; single-strand break; single-stranded binding; steady-state evoked potential stereospecific binding SSER  somatosensory evoked response SS-B  Sjögren syndrome B SSES  Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale ssb  single-strand break SSFP  steady state free precession SSBE  short-segment Barrett esophagus SSF  septic scarlet fever; solid state fermen- SSBG  sex steroid–binding globulin; social tation; soluble suppressor factor; supplemen- services block grant tal sensory feedback SSC  salt sodium citrate; single-strand con- SSFSE  single-shot fast spin-echo formational [analysis]; single-stripe colitis; SSG  side scatter; sublabial salivary gland single-suture craniosynostosis; sister strand SSH  spinal subdural hemorrhage; suppres- crossover; skin-to-skin care; somatic stem sive subtractive hybridization cell; somatosensory cortex; standard saline SSHM  Society for the Social History of citrate; standard sodium citrate; syngeneic Medicine spleen cell SSHL  severe sensorineural hearing SSc  systemic scleroderma; systemic sclero- SSI  segmental sequential irradiation; sever- sis ity score index; shoulder subluxation inhibi- SSCA  single-strand conformational analy- tion; small-scale integration; Social Security sis; spontaneous suppressor cell activity increment; somatic symptom index; Somatic SSCCS  slow spinal cord compression syn- Symptom Inventory; strength-strain index; drome subshock insulin; supersonic shear-wave  ss(c)DNA  single-stranded circular deoxyri- imaging; supplemental security income; sur- bonucleic acid gical site infection; synchronous serial inter- SsCEP  somatosensory cortical evoked po- face; System Sign Inventory tential SSIDS  sibling of sudden infant death syn- SSCF  sleep stage change frequency drome SSCI  Social Science Citation Index SSIE  Smithsonian Science Information Ex- SSCP  single-strand conformation polymor- change phism, single-stranded conformational poly- SSISS  Statewide Sentinel Immunisation morphism Surveillance System SSCPA  single-stranded conformational poly- SSKI  saturated solution of potassium io- morphism analysis dide  408 SSL  secure sockets layer; skin surface lipid; SSS  scalded skin syndrome; secondary sufficient sleep; suppressor of stem loop Sjögren syndrome; sick sinus syndrome; spe- SSLI  serum sickness–like illness cific soluble substance; Stanford Sleepiness SSM  skin-sparing mastectomy; solid- Scale; sterile saline soak; subclavian steal state microscopy; subsynaptic membrane;  syndrome; subscapular skinfold; superior superficial spreading melanoma; system sta- sagittal sinus; supplement serum substitute; tus management systemic sicca syndrome SSMS  saturated solution of magnesium io- SSSA  skin sympathetic sudomotor activity dide SSSD  Spanish Study on Sudden Death SSN  severely subnormal; Social Security SSSI  Siegel Scale of Support for Innovation Number; subacute sensory neuropathy; su- SSSIII  specific soluble substance III prasternal notch; surgical segment navigator SSSS  Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival SSNHL  sudden sensorineural hearing loss Study; staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome SSNS  steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome SSST  superior sagittal sinus thrombosis SSO  sequence-specific oligonucleotide; So- SS-STP  sum of squares simultaneous test ciety of Surgical Oncology; special sense procedure organ SSSV  superior sagittal sinus velocity SSOP  Second Surgical Opinion Program; SST  skin and soft tissue; sodium sulfite titra- sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe tion; somatostatin; Submacular Surgery Tri- SSOT  social services occupational thera- als pist S-STE  skin–soft tissue envelope SSP  Sanarelli-Shwartzman phenomenon; SSTI  skin and soft tissue infection Scottish Society of Physicians; sequence- SSTL  site-specific target level specific primers; site-specific psoralen; slice SSTR  somatostatin receptor sensitivity profile; solute-solvent property; SSU  Saybolt Seconds Universal; self- sporozoite surface protein; stereotactic sur- service unit; sterile supply unit face projection; subacute sclerosing pan- ssu  small subunit encephalitis; subspecies; supersensitivity SSV  Schoolman-Schwartz virus; simian sar- perception coma virus ssp  subspecies SSVEP  steady-state visual evoked potential SSPCP  service-specific practice cost per- SSW  slow spike wave; spike and sharp centage waves SSPE  salt sodium phosphate ethylenedi- SSWLHC  Society for Social Work Leader- amine tetraacetic acid; subacute sclerosing ship in Health Care panencephalitis SSX  sulfisoxazole SSPG  steady state plasma glucose SSYM  sign or symptom SSPI  steady state plasma insulin SSZ  sulfasalazine SSPL  saturation sound pressure level ST  esotropia; stable enterotoxin; scala SSPP  subsynaptic plate perforation tympani; scaphotrapezoid; sclerotherapy; SSPS  side-to-side portacaval shunt sedimentation time; semantic type; semiten- SS-PSE  Schizophrenic Subscale of the Pres- dinosus; sensory threshold; septal thickness; ent State Examination serum transferrin; settling time; sharp tran- SSQ  sequential scalar quantization; Social sients; shock therapy; sickle [cell] thalasse- Support Questionnaire mia; sincerity test; sinus tachycardia; sinus SSQS  security-related software quality tympani; skin temperature; skin test; skin standard thickness; slight trace; slow twitch; soft tis- SSR  signal sequence receptor; single se- sue; solid tumor; spastic torticollis; speech quence repeat; site-specific recombination; therapist; sphincter tone; split thickness;  solar simulated radiation; somatosensory re- stable toxin; standard test; starting time;  sponse; steady state response; sudomotor stent thrombosis; sternothyroid; stimulus; skin response; surgical supply room; sympa- store; stress test; stretcher; stria termina- thetic skin response lis; striation; string data; sublingual tablet; SSr  single-strand region subtalar; subtotal; sulcus terminalis; sulfo- SSrA  single-strand region A transferase; supportive therapy; surface ten- SSrB  single-strand region B sion; surgical technologist; surgical therapy; SSRE  shear stress response element surgical tracheostomy; surgical treatment; SSRI  selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor survival time; syndrome of the trephined; ssRNA  single-stranded ribonucleic acid systolic time SSRT  stop signal reaction time S(T)  signal-to-symbol translator  409 S/T  spontaneous/timed Restenosis Trial; Stent vs. Directional Coro- S&T  science and technology nary Atherectomy Randomized Trial; St. S-T  portion of segment between end of the Thomas Atherosclerosis Regression Trial; S wave and the beginning of the T wave Study of Thrombolytic Therapy with Addi- [ECG]; sickle cell thalassemia tional Response Following Taprostene; Study St, st  let it stand [Lat. stet]; let them stand of Titration and Response to Tiazac; systemic [Lat. stent]; stage; status; stere; sterile; stim- arterial system ulation; stokes; stone; straight; stroke; stom- STAR TAP  science, technology, and re- ach; stomion; subtype search transit access point sT  tumor surgery classification: sT0 surgery STARTTS  Service for the Treatment and not done, sT1 complete resection, sT2 resec- Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survi- tion, 50% to 90%, sT3 resection 5% to 50%, vors sT4 biopsy, and sT5 shunting STAS  sporadic testicular agenesis syndrome STA  second trimester abortion; serum STAT  immediately [Lat. statim]; Screening thrombotic accelerator; Single Tooth Anes- Tool for Autism in Toddlers; signal trans- thesia [system]; superficial temporal artery ducer and activator of transcription; state- Sta  staphylion trait anxiety inventory; Stent Thrombosis stab  stab neutrophil; stabilization after Ticlopidine [study]; Stop Teenage Ad- STACK  Sequence Tag Alignment Consen- diction to Tobacco; Stroke Treatment with sus Knowledge-base Ancrod Trial STAG  slow-target attaching globulin; split- STaT  slapped, threatened, and thrown thickness autogenous graft; striped tag myo- Stat  statistical, statistics cardial tagging [system] stat  immediately [Lat. statim]; radiation STAI  State Trait Anxiety Inventory emanation unit STA-MCA  superficial temporal artery to STAT-CHF  Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic middle cerebral artery Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure STAMI  Stenting for Acute Myocardial In- STATH  statherin farction [study] STATRS  Stent Antithrombotic Regimen STAMP  Systemic Thrombolysis in Acute Study Myocardial Infarction with Prourokinase and STB  supertropical bleach Urokinase [trial] Stb  stillborn STAND  sutures to ambulate and discharge STC  sarcomatoid thymic carcinoma; serum STANDOUT  soft thresholding and depth theophylline concentration; sexually trans- cueing of unspecified techniques mitted condition; soft tissue calcification; StanPsych  standard psychiatric [nomen- specialized treatment center; stanniocalcin; clature] stroke treatment center; subtotal colectomy Staph, staph  Staphylococcus STD  selective T-cell defect; sexually trans- STAPPA  State and Territorial Air Pollution mitted disease; short-term disability; skin  Program Administration test dose; skin-to-tumor distance; sodium tet- STAR  recombinant streptokinase; Specialty radecyl sulfate; source-tray distance; ST  Training and Advanced Research; Staphy- segment depression; standard test dose; stan- lokinase Recombinant Trial; Study of dardized terminology dialog Tranexamic Acid After Aneurysm Rupture Std  standard StAR  steroidogenic acute regulatory [pro- std  saturated; standard deviation; standard- tein] ized; standard walker STAR*D  Sequenced Treatment Alternatives STDH  skin test for delayed hypersensitivity to Relieve Depression [study] STD-MIS  Sexually Transmitted Diseases STARNET  South Texas Ambulatory Re- Management Information System search Network STE  Scholars for Teaching Excellence STARS  Standard Treatment with Activase to STEAM  stimulated echo acquisition mode Reverse Stroke [study]; Stent Anticoagula- STEC  Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia tion Regimen Study; Stent Anticoagulation coli Restenosis Study; Stent Antithrombolytic STEEP  safe, timely, effective, efficient, equi- Regimen Study; St. Thomas Atherosclerosis table, patient centered Regression Study STEL  short-term exposure limit START  Saruplase and Taprostene Acute Re- STEM  scanning transmission electron mi- occlusion Trial; selective tubal assessment croscope; science, technology, engineering, to refine reproductive therapy; simple triage and mathematics; Society of Teachers of and rapid treatment; Stent vs. Angioplasty Emergency Medicine  410 STEMI  ST-segment elevation myocardial stim  stimulated, stimulation; stimulus infarction STIMIS  Study of Time Intervals in Myocar- STEN  staphylococcal toxic epidermal dial Ischaemic Syndromes necrolysis STIMS  Swedish Ticlodipine Multicenter sten  stenosed, stenosis Study STENT-BY  Stent vs. Bypass Surgery for STIMULATE  Speech, Text, Image, and Mul- Vessels Undergoing Abrupt Closure [trial] timedia Advanced Technology Effort STENTIM  Stenting in Acute Myocardial In- STIPAS  Safety Study of Tirilazad Mesylate farction [study] in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke STEP  Sequential Test of Educational STIR  short tau inversion recovery Progress; serial transverse enteroplasty; si- STJ  subtalar joint multaneous transmission-emission protocol; STK  stem cell tyrosine kinase; streptoki- Study of Taprostene in Elective Percutaneous nase Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty STL  serum theophylline level; standard tem- STEPHY  Starnberg Trial on Epidemiology plate library; status thymicolymphaticus;  of Parkinsonism and Hypertension in the El- stereolithography; swelling, tenderness, lim- derly ited motion STEPP  Screening Tool for Early Predictors STLI  subtotal lymphoid irradiation of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder STLIS  South Thames Library Information STEPS  Significance of Transesophageal Service Electrocardiographic Findings in Prevention ST-LMA  stylet–laryngeal mask airway of Stroke [study] STLOM  swelling, tenderness, limitation of STEREO  Stents and ReoPro [trial] motion stereo  stereogram STLS  subacute thyroiditis-like syndrome STESS  Subjective (or Subject’s) Treatment STLV  simian T-lymphotropic virus Emergent Symptom Scale STLV 1, 2, 3  simian T-lymphotropic vi- STET  submaximal treadmill exercise test ruses 1, 2, 3 STEV  short-term exposure value STM  Salmonella typhimurium; scanning STF  serum thymus factor; slow-twitch fiber; tunneling microscope; short-term memory; special tube feeding; stefin; Stoffel [buffer]; signature-tagged mutagenesis; specimen sudden transient freezing transport medium; streptomycin STFeSV  Snyder-Theilen feline sarcoma STMS  short test of mental status virus sTMS  single-pulse transcranial magnetic STFM  Society of Teachers of Family Medi- stimulation cine STMV  Santarem virus STFT  short-time Fourier transform; silicon STMY  stromelysin thin-film transistor STN  streptozocin; subthalamic nucleus; STG  short-term goal; split-thickness graft; supratrochlear nucleus; surgical tool naviga- superior temporal gyrus tor STH  soil-transmitted helminth; somatotrop- sTNF  soluble tumor necrosis factor ic hormone; subtotal hysterectomy sTNFr  soluble tumor necrosis factor recep- STh  sickle cell thalassemia tor ST/HR  ST-segment depression with exer- sTNM  tumor-node-metastasis stage cise divided by changes in heart rate STNR  symmetric tonic neck reflex STHRF  somatotropic hormone–releasing STNV  satellite tobacco necrosis virus factor STO  store STI  Scientific and Technical Information; STO-3G  Slater-type orbital comprising 3 serum trypsin inhibitor; sexually transmitted gaussians infection; soybean trypsin inhibitor; struc- stom  stomach tured therapy interruption; supervised thera- STONE  Shanghai Trial of Nifedipine in the py interruption; systolic time interval Elderly STI-571  imatinib mesylate STOP  Shunt Thrombotic Occlusion Preven- STIC  Science and Technology Information tion by Picotamide [study]; Stenting for Total Center; serum trypsin inhibition capacity; Occlusion and Restenosis Prevention [study]; solid-state transducer intracompartment Stroke Prevention in Sickle Cell Disease STILE  Surgery vs. Thrombolysis for Isch- [study]; surgical termination of pregnancy; emic Lower Extremity [trial] Swedish Trial in Older Patients stillb  stillborn STOP 2  Swedish Trial in Old Patients with STIM  state transition information model Hypertension 2  411 STOP-AF  Systematic Trial of Pacing to Pre- STSD  Spanish Trial on Sudden Death vent Atrial Fibrillation STSE  split-thickness skin excision STOP-Hypertension  Swedish Trial in STSG  split-thickness skin graft Older Patients with Hypertension STSS  staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome STOP IT  Sites Testing Osteoporosis Preven- STT  scaphotrapeziotrapezoid; serial throm- tion Intervention Treatment bin time; short-term test; skin temperature STOPP  Selling Teens on Pregnancy Preven- test; space-time toolkit; speech task test tion [study] STTI  Sigma Theta Tau International STOR  summary time-oriented record STU  skin test unit STORCH  syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, STUMPED  sclerocornea, trauma, ulcers, cytomegalovirus, and herpesvirus metabolic disorders, Peters anomaly, endo- STP  phenol-preferring sulfotransferase; sci- thelial dystrophy, and dermoid entifically treated petroleum; short-term po- STUR  Student Team Utilizing Research tentiation; sodium thiopental; standard [project] temperature and pressure; standard tempera- STV  short-term variability; spontaneous ture and pulse; stiripentol; strategic technol- tidal volume; superior temporal vein ogy planning STVA  subtotal villous atrophy STp  settling time per patient STVS  short-term visual storage STPB  skin transient pulse blood STX  saxitoxin; syntaxin STPD  short-time Page distribution Stx  Shiga toxin STPS  specific thalamic projection system STY  semantic type STPTUP  soft tissue pinch-thickness upper STZ  streptozocin; streptozyme pole SU  salicyluric acid; secretory unit; sensa- STQ  superior temporal quadrant tion unit; solar urticaria; sorbent unit;  STR  short tandem repeat; soft tissue relax- spectrophotometric unit; status uncertain; ation; statherin; stirred tank reactor; string subunit; sulfonamide; sulfonylurea; supine; matching surface Str, str  Streptococcus Su  sulfonamide; supine strab  strabismus SUA  serum uric acid; single umbilical ar- STRATIFY  St. Thomas’ Risk Assessment tery; single unit activity Tool in Falling Elderly Patients subac  subacute STRATUS  Study to Determine Rotablator subclav  subclavian; subclavicular and Transluminal Angioplasty Strategy subcut  subcutaneous Strep  Streptococcus; streptomycin subling  sublingual STRESS  Stent Restenosis Study SubN  subthalamic nucleus STRETCH  Symptom Tolerability Response subq  subcutaneous to Exercise Trial of Candesartan Cilexetil in SUBS  substance Patients with Heart Failure subsp  subspecies STRICU  shock, trauma, and respiratory in- substd  substandard tensive care unit suc  suction STRIP  Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Succ  succinate, succinic Intervention Project SUD  skin unit dose; substance use disorder; STROBE  strengthening the reporting of ob- sudden unexpected death servational studies in epidemiology SUDAAN  survey data analysis s-TRSV  substrate of tobacco ringspot virus SUDEP  sudden unexpected death in epi­ STRT  simultaneous thermoradiotherapy; skin lepsy temperature recovery time SUDH  succinyldehydrogenase struct  structural, structure SUDI  sudden unexpected death in infancy STRUT  stent treatment region assessed by SUDS  single use diagnostic system; subjec- ultrasound tomography tive units of distress scale STS  self-tensioning suture; sequence-tagged SUFE  slipped upper femoral epiphysis site; sequence target site; serologic test for SuHV  suid herpesvirus syphilis; side to side; sodium tetradecyl sul- SUI  stress urinary incontinence; string fate; sodium thiosulfate; soft tissue sarcoma; unique identifier standard test for syphilis; staphylococcal SUID  sudden unexplained infant death toxic syndrome; steroid sulfatase; subtrape- sulf  sulfate zial space; sulcus to sulcus sulfa  sulfonamide STSA  Southern Thoracic Surgical Associa- SULF-PRIM  sulfamethoxazole and trime- tion thoprim  412 SUMA  sporadic ulcerating and mutilating S-UVT  sustained uniform ventricular tachy- acropathy cardia SUMAA  scalable unstructured mesh algo- SUX  succinylcholine rithms and applications SUZI  subzonal insemination SUMD  Scale to Assess Unawareness in SV  sample volume; saphenous vein; Sapporo Mental Disorder virus; sarcoma virus; satellite virus; scattering SUMIT  streptokinase-urokinase myocardial volume; selective vagotomy; semilunar valve; infarct test seminal vesicle; severe; sigmoid volvulus; SUMMIT  Stanford University Medical simian virus; single ventricle; sinus venosus; Media and Information Technology snake venom; splenic vein; spontaneous venti- SUMO  small ubiquitin-related modifier lation; starting volume; streak virus; stroke SUMSE  stroke unit mental status examina- volume; subclavian vein; subventricular; su- tion pravital; symptomless virus; synaptic vesicle; SUN  serum urea nitrogen; standard unit of syncytial virus; systolic velocity nomenclature S/V  surface/volume ratio SUNA  short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform SV2  synaptic vesicle protein 2 headache with cranial autonomic symptoms; SV-5, -10, -12, -40, -41  simian viruses Society of Urologic Nurses and Associates 5, 10, 12, 40, 41 SUNCT  short-lasting unilateral neuralgi- SV40  simian vacuolating virus 40 form headache with conjunctival injection Sv  sievert and tearing [syndrome] sv  sievert; single vibration SUO  syncope of unknown origin SVA  selective vagotomy and antrectomy; SUP  schizo unipolar; supination selective visceral angiography; sequential sup  above [Lat. supra]; superficial; superi- ventriculoatrial [pacing]; shell vial assay; or; supinator; supine subtotal villous atrophy supin  supination, supine SVAS  supravalvular aortic stenosis; supra- supp  suppository ventricular aortic stenosis suppl  supplement, supplementary SVAT  synaptic vesicle amine transformer SUPPORT  Study to Understand Prognoses SVB  saphenous vein bypass and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of SVBG  saphenous vein bypass grafting Treatment SVC  saphenous vein cutdown; segmental suppos  suppository venous capacitance; selective venous cathe- SUR  sulfonylurea receptor; suramin terization; slow vital capacity; spatially  SurDx  surgical diagnosis varying classification; subclavian vein cath- SURE  Serial Ultrasound Analysis of Reste- eterization; superior vena cava; support  nosis [study] vector classification; supraventricular crest; SURF  surfeit supraventricular extrasystole; systemic vas- SURG, Surg  surgeon; surgery, surgical cular compliance SurPROC  surgical procedure SVCCS  superior vena cava compression SURS  solitary ulcer of rectum syndrome; syndrome Surveillance and Utilization Review System SVCG  spatial vectorcardiogram SURVS-TB  Surveillance System for Tuber- SVCO  superior vena cava obstruction culosis SVCP  Special Virus Cancer Program SUS  Saybolt Universal Seconds; solitary SVCR  segmental venous capacitance ratio ulcer syndrome; stained urinary sediment; SVCS  superior vena cava syndrome suppressor sensitive SVD  single-vessel disease; singular value SUSHI  Stent Use Is Superior for Hospital- decomposition; small vessel disease; sponta- ized Infarction Patients [study] neous vaginal delivery; spontaneous vertex susp  suspension, suspended delivery; structural valve deterioration; su- SUTAMI  Saruplase and Urokinase in the perficial venous thrombosis; swine vesicular Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction disease [trial] SVE  slow volume encephalography; soluble SUTI  symptomatic urinary tract infection viral extract; spontaneous ventricular event; SUUD  sudden unexpected unexplained sterile vaginal examination death SVG  saphenous vein graft; scalable vector SUV  small unilamellar vessel; standard up- graphics; scatter and veiling glare; seminal take value vesiculography SUVIMAX  Supplemental Vitamins, Miner- SVGA  super videographics array als and Anti-Oxidants [trial] SVH  saphenous vein harvesting  413 SV-HUC  simian virus–human uroepithelial SWASH  sitting, walking, and standing hip cell orthosis SVI  seminal vesicle invasion; slow virus in- SWAT  stationary wavelet transform; Stroke fection; small volume infusion; stroke vol- Prevention with Warfarin or Aspirin Trial ume index; systolic velocity integral SWC  submaximal working capacity SVIN  Society of Vascular and Intervention- S&WC  spike and wave complex al Neurology SWCM  social work case manager SVL  seminal HIV-1 viral load; superficial SWD  short-wave diathermy vastus lateralis SWE  slow-wave encephalography SVM  seminal vesicle microsome; support SWEET  Square Wave Endurance Exercise vector machine; syncytiovascular membrane Trial SVMP  snake venom metalloprotease SWEHSLinC  South West England Health SVMT  synaptic vesicle monoamine trans- Services Library and Information Network former SWG  silkworm gut; standard wire gauge; SVN  selectively vulnerable neurons; sinu- stimulus waveform generator vertebral nerve; small volume nebulizer; So- SWI  sterile water for injection; stroke work ciety for Vascular Nursing; student veterinary index; surgical wound infection; susceptibil- nurse ity weighted imaging SvO2  venous oxygen saturation SWICE  South-West Information for Clinical SVOC  semivolatile organic compound Effectiveness SVOM  sequential volitional oral move- SWIFT  Should We Intervene Following ment Thrombolysis? [study] SVP  selective vagotomy and pyloroplasty; SWIM  sperm-washing insemination method small volume parenteral [infusion]; standing SWIORA  spinal cord injury without radio- venous pressure; superior vascular plexus logic abnormality SVPB  supraventricular premature beat SWISH  Swedish Isradipine Study in Hyper- SVPC  supraventricular premature complex tension SVPD  snake venom phosphodiesterase SWISSI  Swiss Interventional Study in Si- SV40-PML  simian vacuolating virus 40 lent Ischemia of progressive multifocal leukoencepha- SWL  shock wave litho­tripsy lopathy SWM  segmental wall motion SVR  sequential vascular response; stroke SWMA  segmental wall motion analysis volume ratio; support vector regression; sus- SWMF  Semmes-Weinstein monofilament tained viral response, sustained virologic re- SWNT  single-walled carbon nanotube sponse; systemic vascular resistance SWO  superficial white onychomycosis SVRI  systemic vascular resistance index SWOG  South West Oncology Group SVS  single volume spectroscopy; single SWOOP  South Wilshire Out of Hours voxel spectroscopy; slit ventricle syndrome; Project Society for Vascular Surgery SWORD  surveillance of work-related and SVT  sinoventricular tachycardia; subclavian occupational respiratory diseases; Survival vein thrombosis; supraventricular tachyar- with Oral D-Sotalol [study] rhythmia; supraventricular tachycardia; sus- SWOT  strengths, weaknesses, opportuni- tained ventricular tachycardia ties, threats SVTh  subvalvular thickening SWPV  Swinepox virus SVTS  Sotalol Ventricular Tachycardia Study SWR  serum Wassermann reaction; slow SVV  Sal Vieja virus wave ratio; surgical wound infection rate SW  seriously wounded; short waves; sine­ SWRF  square wave response function wave; slow wave; soap and water; social SWRLIN  South and West Regional Library worker; spike wave; spiral wound; stab Information Network wound; sterile water; stroke work; Sturge- SWS  shear wave speed; slow-wave sleep; Weber [syndrome]; Swiss Webster [mouse] spike-wave stupor; steroid-wasting syn- S/W  spike wave drome; Sturge-Weber syndrome Sw  swine SWT  sine-wave threshold; systolic wall SWA  seriously wounded in action; slow- thickening wave activity SWU  septic workup SWAIDS  social workers in acquired immu- SwV  swine calicivirus nodeficiency syndrome SX  scleral invasion cannot be assessed SWAP  short-wavelength automated perim- Sx  suction etry Sx, Sx  signs; symptoms  414 S x   standard deviation of sampling distribu- SYNBIAPACE  synchronous biatrial pacing tion therapy SXA  single-energy x-ray absorptiometry; synd  syndrome single x-ray absorptiometry SYNDIKATE  synthesis of distributed knowl- SXCT  spiral x-ray computed tomography edge acquired from text SXR  skull x-ray; steroid and xenobiotic re- Synf  synovial fluid ceptor SynText  symbolic text Sxr  sex reversal SYP  synaptophysin Sxs  serologic, sex specific syph  syphilis, syphilitic SXT  sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim SYR  Syrian [hamster] SY  spectroscopy; syphilis, syphilitic syr  syringe; syrup [Lat. syrupus] SYA  subacute yellow atrophy SYREC  symmetric recombinant SYB  synaptobrevin SYS  stretching-yawning syndrome; systemic SYDS  stomach yin deficiency syndrome sys  system, systemic; systolic sym  symmetric; symptom SYS-BP  systolic blood pressure sympath  sympathetic syst  system; systole, systolic symph  symphysis SYST-CHINA  Systolic Hypertension in El- SYMPHONY  Sibrafiban vs. Aspirin to derly Chinese Trial Yield Maximum Protection from Ischemic SYST-EUR  Systolic Hypertension in Euro- Heart Events Postacute Coronary Syndromes peans Study [trial] SYT  synaptotagmin sympt  symptom SZ  schizophrenia; streptozocin SYN  synapse; synovitis Sz  schizophrenia; seizure syn  synergistic; synonym; synovial SZN  streptozocin  415 T4  thyroxine T T-7  free thyroxine factor T90  time required for 90% mortality in a population of microorganisms exposed to a toxic agent t  duration; small T [antigen]; student t test; T  absolute temperature; electrocardiograph- teaspoonful; temperature; temporal; termi- ic wave corresponding to the repolarization nal; tertiary; test of significance; three times of the ventricles; large T [antigen]; life [Lat. ter]; time; tissue; tonne; transformer; [time]; period [time]; primary tumor {T0, no translocation evidence of primary tumor; T1 to T4, tumors t  t value from t distribution in progressing sizes; TX, no evidence of pri- τ  lowercase Greek letter tau; life [of radio- mary tumor]; ribosylthymine; tablespoonful; isotope]; relaxation time; shear stress; spec- Taenia; tamoxifen; telomere banding; tem- tral transmittance; transmission coefficient perature; temporal electrode placement θ  lowercase Greek letter theta; an angular [EEG]; temporary; tenderness; tension [intra- coordinate variable; customary temperature; ocular]; tera- [trillion]; terminal banding; temperature interval tesla; testosterone; tetra; tetracycline; the- t?  time after infusion ophylline; therapy; thoracic; thorax; threat- t1/2  half-life ened [animal]; threonine; thrombosis; t2  time at the end of inspiration thrombus; thymidine; thymine; thymus; TA  alkaline tuberculin; arterial tension; axil- thymus derived; thyroid; tidal gas; tidal vol- lary temperature; tactile afferent; Takayasu ume; time; timed; tincture; tissue; tocopher- arteritis; technology assessment; teichoic ol; topical; torque; total; toxicity; training acid; temporal abstraction; temporal arteritis; [group]; transducer; transition; transmit- terminal antrum; therapeutic abortion; ther- tance; transverse; treatment; Treponema; tri- mophilic Actinomyces; thymidine analogue; angulation number; Trichophyton; triggered thymocytotoxic autoantibody; thyroaryte- [pacemaker]; tritium; tryptamine; Trypano- noid; thyroglobulin autoprecipitation; thy- soma; tuberculin; tuberculosis; tumor; turn- roid antibody; thyroid autoimmunity; tibialis key system; type anterior; tissue adhesive; titratable acid; total Θ  uppercase Greek letter theta; thermody- alkaloids; total antibody; toxic adenoma; namic temperature toxin-antitoxin; traffic accident; transactional T-  tera- [1012] analysis; transaldolase; transaminase; trans- T0  no evidence of primary tumor antral; transplantation antigen; transposition T1/2  half-life of aorta; trapped air; triamcinolone aceton- T1  breast tumor smaller than 2 cm; longitu- ide; tricuspid atresia; trophoblast antigen; dinal relaxation time true anomaly; truncus arteriosus; tryptamine; T-1, T-2, T-3  first, second, and third stages tryptose agar; tube agglutination; tubular at- of decreased intraocular tension rophy; tumor associated; typical absences T1  spin-lattice or longitudinal relaxation T-A  toxin-antitoxin; transfusion associated time; time at the beginning of inspiration; T&A  tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy; tricuspid first sound; tricuspid valve closure tonsils and adenoids sound T/A  time and amount T+1, T+2, T+3 first, second, and third TA-4  tumor-associated antigen 4 stages of increased intraocular tension Ta  tantalum; tarsal T1 to T4 presence of tumors progression T1a  breast tumor 0.1 to 0.5 cm rated by size, number, and penetration T4a  breast tumor with extension to chest T1 to T12  first to twelfth thoracic vertebrae wall T2  breast tumor 2.0 to 5.0 cm; transverse tα  t value corresponding to specified tail area relaxation time alpha T2  diiodothyronine; spin-spin or transverse TAA  thioacetamide; thoracic aortic aneu- relaxation time rysm; total ankle arthroplasty; transverse T2*, T2*  effective transverse relaxation time aortic arch; tumor-associated antigen T20  enfuvirtide TAAA  thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm 2,4,5-T  2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid TAAD  type A aortic dissection T3  breast tumor larger than 5.0 cm TAAF  thromboplastic activity of the amni- T3  triiodothyronine otic fluid T4  breast tumor of any size with extension TA-AIDS  transfusion-associated acquired to chest wall and skin immunodeficiency syndrome  416 TAANA  The American Association of TADAC  therapeutic abortion, dilation, aspi- Nurse Attorneys ration, curettage TAB  tape-automated bonding; total auto- TAdV  Turkey adenovirus nomic blockage; typhoid, paratyphoid A, and TADv 1, 2  Turkey adenoviruses 1, 2 paratyphoid B [vaccine] TAE  thrombotic adverse event; transcatheter TAb  therapeutic abortion arterial embolism; triacetate EDTA tab  tablet TAF  albumose-free tuberculin [Ger. Tuber- TABC  total aerobic bacteria count; typhoid, culin Albumose frei]; tissue angiogenesis fac- paratyphoid A, paratyphoid B, and paraty- tor; total abdominal fat; toxin-antitoxin phoid C [vaccine] floccule; toxoid-antitoxin floccule; tracheo- TABP  type A behavior pattern bronchial aspiration fluid; transcriptional  Tabs  tablets activation factor; trypsin-aldehyde-fuchsin; Tabs  absorption time tumor angiogenesis factor TABT  typhoid, paratyphoid A, paratyphoid TAFU  tumor abrasion with focused ultra- B, and tetanus toxoid [vaccine] sound TABTD  typhoid, paratyphoid A, paratyphoid TAG  target attaching globulin; technical ad- B, tetanus toxoid, and diphtheria toxoid [vac- visory group; thymine, adenine, and guanine cine] TAg  large T antigen TABV  Tamana bat virus Tag  T antigen TAC  tachykinin; temporary abdominal clo- TAGH  triiodothyronine, amino acids, gluca- sure; terminal antrum contraction; tetracaine, gon, heparin adrenalin, and cocaine; time-activity curve; TAGV  Taggert virus total abdominal colectomy; total agangliono- TAGVHD  transfusion-associated graft- sis coli; total allergen content; total antioxi- versus-host disease dant capacity; transient aplastic crisis; TAH  total abdominal hysterectomy; total triamcinolone cream; truncus arteriosus com- artificial heart munis TAH BSO total abdominal hysterectomy TAC-1  tachykinin-1 and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy TAC-2  tachykinin-2 TAHIV  transfusion-acquired human immu- TACC  thoracic aorta cross clamping nodeficiency virus TACE  chlorotrianisene; teichoic acid crude TAHSC  Toronto Academic Health Science extract; transarterial chemoembolization; Council tumor-necrosis factor alpha–converting en- TAHV  Tahyna virus zyme TAI  tau aggregation inhibitor; Test Anxiety tachy  tachycardia Inventory TACI  total anterior circulation infarct TAIAV  Taiassui virus TACIP  Triflusal vs Aspirin in Cerebral In- TAIM  Trial of Antihypertensive Interven- farction Prevention [study] tion and Management TACR  tachykinin receptor TAIS  time assessment interview schedule TACS  Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in TAIST  Tinzaparin in Acute Stroke Trial Cardiogenic Shock [study] TAIV  Tai virus TACT  thermoacoustic computed tomogra- TAL  T-cell acute leukemia; tendon of Achil- phy; Ticlopidine Angioplasty Coronary Trial; les lengthening; thick ascending limb; thymic Ticlopidine vs. Placebo for Prevention of alymphoplasia; total arm length; tumor- Acute Closure After Angioplasty Trial; tuned associated lymphocyte aperture computed tomography talc  talcum TACTICS  Thrombolysis and Counterpulsa- TALH  thick ascending limb of Henle’s tion to Improve Cardiogenic Shock Survival loop [trial] TALL  theoretic annual loss of life TACTICS-TIMI 18  Treat Angina with Ag- TALL, T-ALL  T-cell acute lymphoblastic leu- grastat and Determine Cost of Therapy with kemia an Invasive or Conservative Strategy- TALLA  T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction  antigen [trial] TAM  tamoxifen; technologic acceptance TAD  test of auditory discrimination; tho- model; technology acceptance model; racic asphyxiant dystrophy; tobacco, alcohol, technology assessment method; teenage and drugs; Traffic Accident Deformity mother; tele-alarm management; thermoac- [scale]; transactivation domain; transient ac- idurans agar modified; thymidine analogue antholytic dermatosis mutation; thymidine-associated mutations;  417 time-averaged mean; total active motion; TARC  thymus and activation-regulated che- Total Atherosclerosis Management [study]; mokine toxin-antitoxoid mixture; transient abnormal TARGET  Do Tirofiban and ReoPro Give myelopoiesis Similar Efficacy Outcomes Trial TAME  N-alpha-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester TARP  total atrial refractory period TAMI  Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in TAR/PD  target nursing hours per patient- Myocardial Infarction [study]; transmural day anterior myocardial infarction TARS  threonyl transfer RNA synthetase TAMIS  Telemetric Automated Microbial TART  testicular adrenal rest tumor Identification System TAS  tetanus antitoxin serum; therapeutic ac- TamMV  Tamarillo mosaic virus tivities specialist; thoracoabdominal syn- TAMRA  tetramethylrhodamine drome; thrombolytic assessment system; TAMV  Tamiami virus; temporal average transcription-based amplification system; maximal velocity [Doppler] traumatic apallic syndrome TAMX  time-average maximum velocity TAS-20  20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale TAN  total adenine nucleotide; total ammo- TASA  tumor-associated surface antigen nia nitrogen TASC  tele-archive service center; time- tan  tandem translocation; tangent accumulating subsurface contaminant; Trial TANet  Taiwan Network of Angioplasty and Stents in Canada TANF  Temporary Assistance for Needy Tase  tryptophan synthetase Families TASH  Transcoronary Ablation of Septum TANI  total axial node irradiation Hypertrophy [study] TANV  Tanapox virus; Tanga virus TASMAN  Thrombolysis Anticoagulant TAO  thromboangiitis obliterans; triacetyl­ Study: Mediterranean, Australia, New Zea- oleandomycin land TAOS  total antioxidant status TASO  The AIDS Support Organisation TAP  technology architecture project; tick TASS  thyrotoxicosis, Addison disease, anticoagulant peptide; total access plus Sjögren syndrome, sarcoidosis [syndrome]; [computer-based system]; toxicologic agent Ticlopidine Aspirin Stroke Study protection/protective; transesophageal atrial TASTE  Ticlopidine Aspirin Stent Evalua- pacing; transluminal angioplasty; trans- tion membrane action potential; transporter in TAstV  Turkey astrovirus antigen processing; trypsinogen-activating  TAT  tandem autotransplantation; tetanus peptide antitoxin; thematic apperception test; the- TAPA  target of antiproliferative antibody matic aptitude test; thrombin-antithrombin TAPE  temporary atrial pacemaker elec- complex; thromboplastin activation test; trode total adipose tissue; total antitryptic activ- TAPIRSS  Triflusal vs. Aspirin in Preventing ity; toxin-antitoxin; transactivator; trans- Infarction: Randomized Stroke Study axial tomography; transplantation-associated TAPS  The Akita Pathology Study; Teenage thrombocytopenia; tray agglutination test; Attitudes and Practices Study; trial assess- Treponema antibody test; tumor activity test; ment procedure scale turnaround time; twin arginine translocation; TAPVC  total anomalous pulmonary venous tyrosine aminotransferase connection TATA  Pribnow box; tumor-associated trans- TAPVD  total anomalous pulmonary venous plantation antigen drainage TATD  tyrosine aminotransferase deficiency TAPVR  total anomalous pulmonary venous TATI  tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor return TATR  tyrosine aminotransferase regulator Taq  Thermus aquaticus TATRC  Telemedicine and Advanced Tech- taq DNA  Thermus aquaticus deoxyribo- nology Research Center nucleic acid TATST  tetanus antitoxin skin test TAQW  transient abnormal Q wave TATV  Tataguine virus TAR  thoracic aortic rupture; thrombocyto- TAUS  transabdominal ultrasonography penia with absent radii [syndrome]; tissue/air TAUSA  Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in ratio; total abortion rate; transactivation re- Unstable Angina [trial] sponse; transanal resection; transaxillary re- TAV  transcutaneous aortovelography; section; treatment authorization request trapped air volume; tricuspid annular velocity TARA  total articular replacement arthro- TaV  Thosea asigna virus plasty; tumor-associated rejection antigen TAVB  total atrioventricular block  418 TAVR  transcatheter aortic valve replace- tracheobronchography; tris-buffered Gey so- ment lution TAX  Taxol TBGI  thyroxine-binding globulin index TB  Taussig-Bing [syndrome]; terabyte; term TBGP  total blood granulocyte pool birth; terminal bronchiole; terminal bron- TBH  total body hematocrit chus; thromboxane B; thymol blue; tissue tBHP  terbutyl hydroperoxide bank; toluidine blue; total base; total biliru- TBHQ  tertiary butylhydroquinone bin; total body; tracheobronchial; tracheal TBHT  total-body hyperthermia bronchiolar; tracheobronchitis; trapezoid TBI  thyroid-binding index; thyroxine- body; triple [gene] block; tub bath; tubercle binding index; tooth-brushing instruction; bacillus; tuberculin; tuberculosis; tumor total-body irradiation; traumatic brain injury bank; tumor bearing TBII  thyroid-stimulating hormone-binding TB  total buffer inhibitory immunoglobulin TB+  tuberculosis positive TBil, T bili  total bilirubin TB−  tuberculosis negative TBIM  thoracic bioimpedance monitoring Tb  Tbilisi [phage]; terabit [trillion bits]; ter- TBK  total body potassium bium; tubercle bacillus; tuberculosis tbl  tablet Tb  biologic half-life; body temperature TBLB  transbronchial lung biopsy T1b  breast tumor 0.5 to 1.0 cm TBLC  term birth, living child T4b  breast tumor with edema (including TBLI  term birth, living infant peau d’orange) or skin ulceration or satellite TBLTM  total-body lean tissue mass nodules TBM  thrombomodulin; total body mass; tb  tuberculosis Total Body Modification [protocol]; tracheo- TBA  target [hospital] bed occupation; ter- bronchiomegaly; tracheobronchomalacia; tiary butylacetate; testosterone-binding affin- trophoblastic basement membrane; tubercu- ity; tetrabutylammonium; thiobarbituric acid; lous meningitis; tubular basement membrane to be absorbed; to be added; total bile acids; TBMC  total body mineral content transaxillary breast augmentation; trypsin- TBMN  thin basement membrane nephropa- binding activity; tubercle bacillus; tumor- thy bearing animal TBN  bacillus emulsion; temporal belief net- TBAB  tryptose blood agar base work; total body nitrogen TBAF  tetrabutylammonium fluoride Tb.N  trabecular number TBAN  transbronchial aspiration needle TBNA  total-body neutron activation; trans- TBARS  thiobarbituric acid reactive sub- bronchial needle aspiration; treated but not stance admitted TBB  transbronchial biopsy TBNa  total body sodium TBBA  total body bone ash TBNAA  total-body neutron activation anal- TBBM  total body bone minerals ysis TBBx  transbronchial biopsy TBO  total blood out TBC  thyroxine-binding coagulin; total body t-BOOH  tert-butyl hydroperoxide calcium; total body carbon; total body clear- TBP  bithionol; testosterone-binding protein; ance; tuberculosis thyroxine-binding protein; total body pro- Tbc  tubercle bacillus; tuberculosis tein; total bypass; tributyl phosphate; tuber- TBCa  total body calcium culous peritonitis TBCl  total body chlorine TBPA  thyroxine-binding prealbumin TBD  to be determined; total body density TBPr  total body protein TBE  tick-borne encephalitis; triborate Tbps  terabits [trillion bits] per second EDTA; tris-borate EDTA; tuberculin bacillin TBPT  total body protein turnover emulsion TBR  tumor-bearing rabbit TBESC  Tuberculosis Epidemiologic Studies TB-RD  tuberculosis and respiratory disease Consortium TBS  total body solids; total body solute; total TBEV  tick-borne encephalitis virus body surface; total burn size; Townes-Brocks TBF  total body fat syndrome; tracheobronchial submucosa; tra- TBFB  tracheobronchial foreign body cheobronchoscopy; tribromosalicylanilide; TBFM  total body fat mass triethanolamine-buffered saline; tris-buffered TBFVL  tidal breathing flow-volume loops saline TBG  beta-thromboglobulin; testosterone- tbs  tablespoon binding globulin; thyroglobulin; thyroid- TBSA  total body surface area binding globulin; thyroxine-binding globulin; TBS-G  tris-buffered saline with glycerol  419 Tb.Sp  trabecular separation TCAB  3,3′,4,4′-tetrachloroazobenzene tbsp  tablespoon TCABG  triple coronary artery bypass graft TBST  tris-buffered saline tween TCAD  tricyclic antidepressant TBT  tolbutamide test; tracheobronchial toi- TCADA  Texas Council on Alcohol and Drug let; tracheobronchial tree; transcervical bal- Abuse loon tuboplasty; tributyltin tCAF  tonic cortical activation function TBTC  Tuberculosis Trials Consortium TCAG  triple coronary artery graft TBTO  tributyltin oxide TCAld  trichloroacetaldehyde TBTT  tuberculin time test TCAOB  3,3′,4,4′-tetrachloroazoxybenzene TBTV  Timboteua virus TCAP  trimethyl-cetyl-ammonium penta- TBV  total blood volume; trabecular bone chlorophenate volume TCAR  T-cell antigen receptor TBW  total body water; total body weight TCAT  transmission computer-assisted to- TBX  thromboxane; total-body irradiation mography TBXA2  thromboxane A2 TCB  tetrachlorobiphenyl; total cardiopulmo- TBXAS  thromboxane A synthase nary bypass; transabdominal chorionic bi- TBZ  tetrabenazine; thiabendazole opsy; transcatheter biopsy; transconjunctival TC  talocalcaneal; tandem colonoscopy; tar- blepharoplasty; trusted computing base; get cell; taurocholate; temperature compen- tumor cell burden sation; teratocarcinoma; terminal cancer; TcB  transcutaneous bilirubin tertiary cleavage; testicular cancer; tetanic TCBF  total cerebral flood flow contraction; tetracycline; theca cell; thera- TCBS  thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose peutic community; thermal conductivity; [agar] thermocouple; thoracic cage; thoracic com- TCC  terminal complement complex; throm- pression; thorax circumference; throat cul- boplastic cell component; transcatheter clo- ture; thyrocalcitonin; time constant; tissue sure; transitional cell carcinoma; transmission culture; to contain; total calcium; total capac- control computer; trauma center coordina- ity; total cholesterol; total colonoscopy; total tion/coordinator; trichlorocarbanilide, triclo- correction; toxic concentration; transcobala- carban min; transcriptase complex; transcutaneous; Tcc  triclocarban transhepatic cholangiography; transmission TCCA, TCCAV transitional cell cancer control; transplant center; transverse colon; associated [virus] Treacher Collins [syndrome]; true channel; TCCD  transcranial color-coded Doppler true conjugate; tubal catheterization; tuber- TCCDS  transitional cell carcinoma dataset culin contagiosum; tubocurarine; tumor cell; TCCL  T-cell chronic lymphoblastic leukemia tumor of cerebrum; type and crossmatch TCCS  transcranial color-coded sonography T&C  turn and cough; type and crossmatch TCCU&C  therapeutic care, understanding, T4(C)  serum thyroxine measured by column and control chromatography TCD  tapetochoroidal dystrophy; T-cell de- TC50  median toxic concentration; threshold pletion; thermal conductivity detector; tissue concentration culture dose; transcranial Doppler; transverse Tc  correlation time; Tanimoto coefficient; cardiac diameter; tumoricidal dose technetium; tetracycline; transcobalamin TCD50  median tissue culture dose; tissue Tc  cytotoxic T cell, cytotoxic T lymphocyte culture infectious dose Tc  critical temperature; cytotoxic T cell, cy- TCDB  turn, cough, deep breathe totoxic T lymphocyte; the generation time of TcdB  Clostridium difficile toxin B a cell cycle; tricuspid closure TCDC  taurochenodeoxycholate T1c  breast tumor 1.0 to 2.0 cm TCDD  2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; t(°C)  temperature on the Celsius scale threshold contrast detail detectability tc  transcutaneous; translational control TCDF  2,3,7-tetrachlorodibenzofuran TCA  T-cell A locus; tentorium cerebelli TCE  T-cell enriched; tetrachlorodiphenyl attachment; terminal cancer; tetracyclic anti- ethane; total colon examination; trichloroeth- depressant; thyrocalcitonin; topological con- ane; trichloroethylene straint algorithm; total cholic acid; total TCED50  50% tissue effective dose circulating albumin; total circulatory arrest; TCES  transcutaneous cranial electrical stim- total colonic agangliosis; transcondylar axis; ulation tricalcium aluminate; tricarboxylic acid; tri- TCESOM  trichloroethylene-extracted soy- chloroacetic acid; tricyclic antidepressant; bean oil meal tubocornual anastomosis TCET  transcerebral electrotherapy  420 TCF  T-cell factor; teleconsultation folder; TCMI  traditional Chinese medicine infor- tetanic contraction fatigue; tissue coding fac- matics tor; total coronary flow; transcription factor; Tc 99m MDP  technetium-99m methylene Treacher Collins–Franceschetti [syndrome] diphosphonate T-CFC  T-colony–forming cell TCMP  thematic content modification pro- TCFU  tumor colony-forming unit gram TCG  therapeutic care general; time-compen- TCMS  transcranial magnetic stimulation sated gain; Thromboprophylaxis Collabora- TCMV  Tacaiuma virus tive Group TCMZ  trichloromethiazide TCGF  T-cell growth factor TCN  tetracycline; transcobalamin; transcul- TCH  tanned-cell hemagglutination; thio- tural nursing phen-2-carboxylic acid hydrazide; total  TcNM   tumor with lymph node metastases circulating hemoglobin; turn, cough, hyper- TCNS  transcutaneous nerve stimulation/ ventilate stimulator TC/HDL  total cholesterol/high density lipo- TCNV  terminal contingent negative varia- protein ratio tion TChE  total cholinesterase TCO  transcutaneous oximetry TCI  Temperament and Character Index In- TCO2  total carbon dioxide ventory; target-controlled infusion; Tempera- TCoV  Turkey coronavirus ment and Character Index; temporal TCP  T-complex protein; therapeutic care- continuity index; To Come In [program]; psychosocial; therapeutic class profile;  total cerebral ischemia; transcobalamin I; therapeutic continuous penicillin; thienyl- transient cerebral ischemia; transitory cogni- cyclohexylpiperidine; thrombocytopenia; tive impairment tibial hole coronal positioning; tissue cul- TCi  teracurie ture–treated plastic; tissue/tumor control TCID  tissue culture infectious dose; tissue probability; total cardiopulmonary; total cir- culture infective dose; tissue culture inocu- culating protein; toxin-coregulated pilus; lated dose transcutaneous pacemaker; transcutaneous TCID50  median tissue culture infective dose; pacing; transmission control protocol; tranyl- 50% tissue culture infective dose cypromine; tricalcium phosphate; trichloro- TCIE  transient cerebral ischemic episode phenol; tricresyl phosphate; tropical calcific TCII  transcobalamin II pancreatitis; tumor control probability TCIII  transcobalamin III TCPA  tetrachlorophthalic anhydride TCIMC  Trauma Center Information Man- TCPC  total cavopulmonary connection agement Center tcPCO2, tcpCO2  transcutaneous partial TCIpr  temporal continuity index for provid- pressure of carbon dioxide ers TCPD50  50% tissue culture protective dose TCIpt  temporal continuity index for patients TCPL  tricalcium-phosphate-lysine TCIS  T-cell immunodeficiency syndrome; tcPO2, tcpO2  transcutaneous partial pres- total corrected increment score; transitional sure of oxygen carcinoma in situ tcPO2, tcPO2  transcutaneous oxygen pres- TCKs  third culture kids, trans-cultural kids sure TCL  tachycardia cycle length; T-cell leuke- 2,4,5-TCPPA  2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)- mia; T-cell lymphoma; thermochemilumines- propionic acid cence; tibial collateral ligament; total TCPS  total cavopulmonary shunt capacity of the lung; transcallosal latency; TCR  T-cell reactivity; T-cell receptor; T-cell transverse carpal ligament; triazine chlorgua- rosette; thalamocortical relay; total cytoplas- nide mic ribosome; transcriptional control center; T-CLL  T-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia transcription-coupled repair; trauma center TCLo  toxic concentration low record; true count rate; turn, cough, re- TCLP  toxicity characteristic leachate proce- breathe dure TcR  T-cell receptor TCM  tissue culture medium; traditional Chi- TCRA  T-cell receptor alpha nese medicine; transcutaneous monitor TCRB  T-cell receptor beta T&CM  type and crossmatch TCRBCL  T-cell–rich B-cell lymphoma Tc 99m  technetium-99m TCRD  T-cell receptor delta TCMA  transcortical motor aphasia TCRG  T-cell receptor gamma tc-MEPS  transcranial motor evoked poten- tcRNA  translational control ribonucleic tials acid  421 TCRP  total cellular receptor pool TDADF, TDAF  transform domain adaptive TCRV  Tacaribe virus; tissue culture rinder- filter pest vaccine TDAP  thoracodorsal artery perforator flap TCRZ  T-cell receptor Z Tdap  tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria TCS  T-cell supernatant; temporal control toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine,  structure; tethered cord syndrome; total coro- adsorbed nary score; transcranial stimulation; Treacher TDB  terminologic database; Toxicology Collins syndrome Data Bank; Toxicology Database TCSA  tetrachlorosalicylanilide Tdb  dry-bulb temperature TCSEC  trusted computer system evaluation TDC  taurodeoxycholic acid; thermal dilution criteria catheter; time-density curve; total dietary TCSF  T-colony–stimulating factor calories TcsL  Clostridium sordelli lethal toxin T&DC  transmural and diagnostic center TCSPC  time-correlated single photon count Td-CIA  T-cell–derived colony-inhibiting TCT  thrombin clotting time; thyrocalcitonin; activity trachial cytotoxin; transcardial catheter ther- TDCO  thermodilution cardiac output apy; transmission computed tomography tDCS  transcranial direct current stimula- Tct  tincture tion tcTOFA  time-constrained time-of-flight ab- TDD  telecommunication device for the deaf; sorbance tetradecadiene; thoracic duct drainage; total TCU  timing control unit; trauma care unit; digitalizing dose; toxic doses of drugs; trans- treatment control unit verse digital deficiency TCV  thoracic cage volume; three-concept TDE  tetrachlorodiphenylethane; total digest- view ible energy; triethylene glycol diglycidyl TCW  time coincidence window TDF  tenofovir; testis-determining factor; TD  tabes dorsalis; tardive dyskinesia; T-cell thoracic duct fistula; thoracic duct flow; tho- dependent; temporal embedding dimension; racodorsal flap; time-dose fractionation; temporary disability; terminal device; tetanus tissue-damaging factor; tumor-dose fraction- and diphtheria [toxoid]; tetrodotoxin; thana- ation tophoric dwarfism; thanatophoric dysplasia; TdF  thymidine deoxyribose therapy discontinued; thermal dilution; tho- TDFA  testis-determining factor, autosomal racic duct; three times per day; threshold of TDFX  testis-determining factor X detectability; threshold of discomfort; thresh- TDGF  teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor old dose; thymus-dependent; time delay; TDH  high toxic dose; thermostable direct time dictionary; timed disintegration; to- hemolysin; thoracic disc herniation; threo- copherol deficiency; to deliver; tone decay; nine dehydrogenase topic-specific document; torsion dystonia; T/DHT   testosterone/dihydrotestosterone total disability; total discrimination; total ratio dose; totally disabled; total dose; Tourette TDI  temperature difference integration; disorder; toxic dose; tracheal diameter; trans- three-dimensional interlocking; time-delay dermal; transverse diameter; traveler’s diar- integration; tissue Doppler imaging; toler- rhea; treatment discontinued; tumor dose; able daily intake; toluene 2,4-diisocyanate; typhoid dysentery total dose infusion; total dose insulin T-D  T-cell dependent TDL  tegmental dorsolateral [nucleus]; tem- T/D  treatment discontinued plate definition language; thoracic duct TD  doubling time [time required to double lymph; thymus-dependent lymphocyte; toxic the number of cells in a given population]; dose level thermal death time TDLU  terminal ductal lobular unit TD01  toxic dose, 1% response TDM  therapeutic drug monitoring T2D  type 2 diabetes T1DM  type 1 diabetes mellitus T4(D)  serum thyroxine measured by dis- T2DM  type 2 diabetes mellitus placement analysis TD-MCT  time-domain microwave comput- TD50  median toxic dose ed tomography TD99  toxic dose, 99% response TDMS  Trex digital mammography system Td  doubling time; tetanus-diphtheria toxoid TDMV  Tindholmur virus T1d  inflammatory breast carcinoma TDN  Therapeutics Development Network; TDA  thyroid-stimulating hormone-displac- total digestible nutrients ing antibody; toluenediamine; transperitone- tDNA  transfer deoxyribonucleic acid al direct approach TDNN  time-delay neural network  422 TDO  temporary detention order; transverse Acute Myocardial Infarction; Total Evalua- distraction osteogenesis; tricho-dento-osse- tion and Acceptance Methodology; total ex- ous [syndrome]; tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase posure assessment method; Training in TDP  thermal death point; thoracic duct pres- Expanded Auxiliary Management; transfem- sure; thymidine diphosphate; total degrada- oral endovascular aneurysm management tion products TEAS  telemetric electrode array system TdP  torsades de pointes teasp  teaspoon TDR  total disk replacement; Tropical Dis- TEB  thoracic electrical bioimpedance ease Research TEBG, TeBG  testosterone-estradiol–bind- TDRA  theory of dual radiation action ing globulin TDS  temperature, depth, salinity; thiamine TEBV  tissue-engineered blood vessel disulfide; total dissolved solids; transduode- TEC  tissue-engineered construct; total elec- nal sphincteroplasty tron count; total eosinophil count; total ex- TDSD  transient digestive system disorder change capacity; transient erythroblastopenia TDSNV  Trager duck spleen necrosis virus of childhood; transluminal extraction cathe- TDT  terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase; ter; trauma and emergency center thermal death time; tone decay test; tumor TECBEST  Transluminal Extraction Catheter doubling time Before Stent [study] TdT  terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase TECK  thymus-expressed chemokine TdTase  terminal deoxynucleotide transferase tecMAAP  template endonuclear cleavage TDTH  delayed-type hypersensitivity T lym- multiple arbitrary amplicon profiling phocyte TECP  tetrachloropropane TDWB  touch-down weight bearing TECSAC  tele-collaboration for signal analy- TDYV  Tamdy virus sis in cardiology TDZ  thymus-dependent zone TECSS  The European Coronary Surgery Study TE  echo time; expiratory time; tennis elbow; TECU  thermoelectric cooling unit test ear; tetanus; tetracycline; threshold en- TECV  traumatic epiphyseal coxa vara ergy; thromboembolism; thymus epithelium; TED  Tasks of Emotional Development; thyrotoxic exophthalmos; tick-borne enceph- threshold erythema dose; thromboembolic alitis; time estimation; tissue engineering; disease tissue equivalent; tonsillectomy; tooth ex- TEDs  antiembolism stockings tracted; total estrogen; toxic epidermolysis; TEE  thermic effect of exercise; total energy toxic equivalent; Toxoplasma encephalitis; expenditure; transesophageal echocardiogra- trace element; tracheoesophageal; transepi- phy; tyrosine ethyl ester thelial; transesophageal echocardiography; TEEP  tetraethyl pyrophosphate transposable element; treadmill exercise; TEER  transepithelial electrical resistance trial error; trichoepithelioma; tris-ethylenedi- TEF  thermic effect of food; thoraco- amine tetraacetic acid epigastric flap; thyrotroph embryonic factor; T-E  echo time toxic equivalency factor; tracheoesophageal T&E  testing and evaluation; trial and error fistula; transcriptional enhancer factor; trunk TE  effector T lymphocyte; exhalation time; extension-flexion expiratory phase time Teff  effective half-life Te  effective half-life; tellurium; tetanic con- TEFRA  Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility traction; tetanus Act TEA  temporal external artery; Test of Every- TEFS  transmural electrical field stimulation day Attention; tetraethylammonium; thermal TEG  thromboelastogram energy analyzer; thromboendarterectomy; TEGD  total esophagogastric dissociation total elbow arthroplasty; triethanolamine TEGDMA  tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate TEAB  tetraethylammonium bromide TEHIP  Toxicology and Environmental TEAC  tetraethylammonium chloride Health Program TEACCH  treatment and education of autistic TEIB  triethyleneiminobenzoquinone and communication-related handicapped TEK  total exchangeable potassium children TEL  tetraethyl lead TEAE  triethylammonioethyl TEL-FISH  telomere fluorescent in situ hy- TEAF  trimethylammonium formate bridization TEAHAT  Thrombolysis Early in Acute TELV  Turkey entero-like virus Heart Attack Trial TEM  transanal endoscopic microsurgery; TEAM  techniques for effective alcohol man- transmission electron microscope/microsco- agement; Thrombolytic Trial of Eminase in py; triethylenemelamine  423 TEMED  tetramethylethylenediamine TETA  triethylenetetramine TEMP  temporal concept TETD  tetraethylthiuram disulfide temp  temperature; temple; temporal TETEV  Tete virus TEMS  tactical emergency medical services; tetr  tetracycline resistance Trimetazidine European Multicentre Study TETS  transcutaneous energy transmission TEN  titanium elastic nail; total enteral nutri- system tion; total excretory nitrogen; toxic epidermal tet tox  tetanus toxoid necrolysis; transepidermal neurostimulation; TEV  tadpole edema virus; talipes equinovar- Trans-European Network us; tissue-engineered vessel TENa  total exchangeable sodium TeV  temperate virus TENS  toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome; TEVC  two-electrode voltage transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TEVG  tissue-engineered vascular graft TeNT  tetanus neurotoxin TEWL  transepidermal water loss TENV  Tensaw virus TEWM  tissue-engineered wall model TEOAE  transient evoked otoacoustic emis- TexCAPS  Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis sions Prevention Study TEP  tetraethylpyrophosphate; totally ex- TEZ  transthoracic electric impedance respi- traperitoneal; tracheoesophageal puncture; rogram transepithelial potential; transesophageal en- TF  free thyroxine; tactile fremitus; tail flick; doscopic plication; transesophageal pacing; temperature factor; term formula; term fre- triethylphosphate quency; testicular feminization; tetralogy of TEPA  triethylenephosphamide Fallot; thymol flocculation; thymus factor; time TEPH  total end-prosthetic hip implantation frequency; tissue-damaging factor; tissue fac- TEPP  tetraethyl pyrophosphate; triethylene tor; to follow; total flow; transcription factor; pyrophosphate transfer factor; transferrin; transformation fre- TEPR  toward an electronic patient record quency; transfrontal; tube feeding; tuberculin TEPW  temporary epicardial pacing wire filtrate; tubular fluid; tuning fork; typhoid fever t1/2eq  equilibration half-life T/F  time/frequency TER  teratogen; terminology; total endoplas- Tf  transferrin mic reticulum; transcapillary escape rate; Tf  freezing temperature transepithelial resistance t(°F)  temperature on the Fahrenheit scale ter  rub [Lat. tere]; terminal; terminal or end; t-f  time-frequency terminus; ternary; tertiary; three times; three- TFA  thigh-foot angle; tibiofemoral angle; fold total fatty acids; transfatty acid; transverse term  terminal fascicular area; trifluoroacetic acid TERP  transanal endorectal pull-through TFIIIA  transcription factor IIIA technique TFAV  Thiafora virus TERT  total end-range time TFB  transformation buffer tert  tertiary TFC  common form of transferrin; threadable TERV  Termeil virus fusion cage; triangular fibrocartilage TES  thymic epithelial supernatant; toxic epi- TFCC  triangular fibrocartilage complex demic syndrome; Toxocara canis excretory/ TFD  target-film distance; time-frequency secretory [antigen]; transcutaneous electrical distribution; time-frequency domain; Tran- stimulation; transmural electrical stimula- scriptional Factor Database tion; tutorial evaluation system TFd  dialyzable transfer factor TeS  terminology server TFE  polytetrafluoroethylene; transcription TESA  testicular sperm aspiration factor for immunoglobulin heavy chain en- TESE  testicular sperm extraction hancer TESPA  thiotepa TFF  trefoil family factor; tube-fed food TESS  Tirilazad Efficacy Stroke Study; Toxic TFI  Tear Function Index; thoracic fluid Exposure Surveillance System; Treatment index; transient forebrain ischemia Emergent Symptom Scale TFIID  transcription factor IID TEST  Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance TFIL  transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion Trials; Timolol, Encainide, Sotalol Trial TFJ  tibiofemoral joint TET  tetracycline; total ejection time; total TFJA  tibiofemoral joint abduction exchange thyroxine; transcutaneous energy t-FLAS  turbo-fast low-angle shot transfer; treadmill exercise test TFM  testicular feminization male; testicular Tet  tetralogy of Fallot feminization mutation; total fluid movement; tet  tetanus; tetracycline transmission electron microscopy  424 TFMoV  Taro feathery mottle virus TGEV  transmissible gastroenteritis virus TFMPP  1-(trifluoromethylphenyl)-pipera- TGF  T-cell growth factor; therapeutic gain zine factor; transforming growth factor; tuboglo- TFN  total fecal nitrogen; transferrin merular feedback; tumor growth factor TFO  triplex-forming oligonucleotide TG-F  transforming growth factor TFP  tubular fluid plasma TGFA  transforming growth factor alpha; tri- TFPI  tissue factor pathway inhibitor glyceride fatty acid TFPZ  trifluoroperazine TGFb  transforming growth factor beta TFR  time-frequency representation; time to TGG  turkey gamma globulin full repolarization; total fertility rate; total TGI  tracheal gas insufflation flavones of rhododendra; total flow resis- TGL  triglyceride; triglyceride lipase tance; traditional functional retraining; trans- TGMS  telemetered glucose monitoring sys- ferrin receptor tem TFS  testicular feminization syndrome; thy- TGN  thioguanine nucleotide; trans-Golgi roid function study; tube-fed saline network T1FS  T1 weighted fat suppressed TGP  tobacco glycoprotein TFT  thin-film transistor; Thought Field TGPV  total glucose in venous plasma Therapy; thrombus formation time; thyroid TgPVR  transgenic mice that express human function test; tight filum terminale; trifluoro- cellular receptor for poliovirus thymidine TGR  transgenic rat TFUN  tissue function 6-TGR  6-thioguanine riboside TFV  Telok Forest virus; tick fever virus TGS  tincture of green soap TFX  toxic effects TGs  triglycerides TG  temperature gradient; tendon graft; TGT  thromboplastin generation test/time; testosterone glucuronide; tetraglycine; thio- tolbutamide-glucagon test glucose; thioglycolate; thioguanine; throm- TGV  thoracic gas volume; thoracic great boglobulin; thyroglobulin; tocogram; total vessel; transposition of great vessels gastrectomy; toxic goiter; transglutaminase; TGY  tryptone glucose yeast [agar] transmissible gastroenteritis; treated group; TGYA  tryptone glucose yeast agar triacylglycerol; trigeminal ganglion; triglyc- TH  tension headache; tetrahydrocortisol; T eride; tumor growth helper [cell]; theophylline; therapeutic hypo- 6-TG  thioguanine thermia; thiohydantoin; thorax; thrill; thyro- Tg  generation time; thyroglobulin; Toxo- hyoid; thyroid hormone; topical hypothermia; plasma gondii; transglycosylation total hysterectomy; triquetrohamate; tyrosine Tg  glass transition temperature; globe tem- hydrolase; tyrosine hydroxylase perature TH  T helper [lymphocyte] tG1  the time required to complete the G1 T&H  type and hold phase of the cell cycle Th  T helper [lymphocyte]; thenar; therapist; tG2  the time required to complete the G2 therapy; thoracic, thorax; thorium; throat phase of the cell cycle Th  hypothermic temperature; T helper [lym- TGA  taurocholate gelatin agar; thrombin phocyte] generation assay; thyroglobulin activity; total th  thenar; thermic; thoracic; thyroid; tran- glycoalkaloids; total gonadotropin activity; shepatic transient global amnesia; transposition of THA  tacrine; tetrahydroaminoacridine; thi- great arteries; tumor glycoprotein assay acetazone; total hip arthroplasty; total hy- TgAb  thyroglobulin antibody droxyapatite; Treponema hemagglutination TGAI  technical grade active ingredient ThA  thoracic aorta TGAR  total graft area rejected THAIV  Thailand virus TGase  transglutaminase THAL  thalassemia TGB  thromboglobulin beta; tiagabine THAM  tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane tGB  triangular Gregory-Bézier [patches] THAMES  Tenormin in Hypertension and TGBG  dimethylglyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone Myocardial Ischemia Epidemiological Study TGC  time gain compensation THB  tetrahydrobiopterin; thrombocyte B; TGD  thermal-green dye Todd-Hewitt broth; total heart beats TG-DPC  temperature gradient DNA probe THb  total hemoglobin chromatography THBD  thrombomodulin TGE  theoretical growth evaluation; trans- THBI  thyroid hormone binding inhibitor missible gastroenteritis; tryptone glucose THBP  7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]-pyrene; extract thyroid hormone binding protein  425 THBS  thrombospondin Thp  T-cell helper precursor THC  teen health clinic; tentative human con- THPA  tetrahydropteric acid sensus; terpin hydrate and codeine; tetrahy- THPC  tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphoni- drocannabinol; tetrahydrocortisol; thigh cuff; um chloride thiocarbanidin; thrombocytopenia; transhe- THPP  thiamine pyrophosphate; trihydroxy patic cholangiogram; transplantable hepato- propriophenone cellular carcinoma ThPP  thiamine pyrophosphate THCA  alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestannic THPT, tHPT  tertiary hyperparathyroidism acid THPV  transhepatic portal vein THD  Thomsen disease; transverse heart di- THQ  tetraquinone ameter THR  targeted heart rate; threonine; thyroid Thd  ribothymidine hormone receptor; total hip replacement; THDOC  tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone transhepatic resistance THE  tetrahydrocortisone E; tonic hind limb Thr  thrill; threonine extension; transhepatic embolization; tran- thr  threonine; thyroid, thyroidectomy shiatal esophagectomy; tropical hypereosino- THRA  thyroid hormone receptor alpha philia THRF  thyrotropic hormone–releasing factor T-HELPER, T-Helper  therapy helper THRIFT  Thromboembolism Risk Factors theor  theoretic, theory Study THER  therapeutic procedure THRM  thrombomodulin ther  therapeutic, therapy; thermometer ThrO  thrombotic occlusion therap  therapeutic, therapy throm, thromb  thrombosis, thrombus THERAPIS  telecommunication-helped ra- THRV  Thormódseyjarlettur virus diotherapy planning and information system THS  Teebe hypertelorism syndrome; tetra- ther ex  therapeutic exercise hydro-compound S; thrombohemorrhagic therm  thermal; thermometer syndrome; Tolosa-Hunt syndrome; Tromsø ThETT  thallium stress test Heart Study; Turkish Heart Study THEV  Tehran virus THSC  totipotent hematopoietic stem cell; THF  tetrahydrocortisone F; tetrahydrofolate; totipotential stem cell tetrahydrofolic [acid]; tetrahydrofuran; thy- THTH  thyrotropic hormone mic humoral factor THU  tetrahydrouridine THFA  tetrahydrofolic acid; tetrahydrofurfu- THUG  thyroid uptake gradient ryl alcohol THV  transcatheter heart valve; Turkey hepa- Thg  thyroglobulin titis virus THH  telangiectasia hereditaria haemorrhag- ThV  thebesian valve; theilovirus ica; trichohyalin THVO  terminal hepatic vein obliteration; THI  transient hypogammaglobulinemia of terminal hepatic vein obstruction infancy THVPS  transhepatic portal venous sam- Thi  thiamine pling THIP  tetrahydroisoxazolopyridinol Thx  thromboxane Thio-TEPA  thiotriethylenephosphamide THY  thymosin THIS  Tissue Plasminogen Activator Heparin Thy  thymine Interaction Study; total hospital information thy  thymectomy, thymus system THYB  thymosin beta THIV  Thimiri virus THz  terahertz THL  trichohyalin TI  inversion time; T-cell independent [anti- THM  total heme mass gen]; temporal integration; term importance; TH2O  titrated water terminal ileum; thalassemia intermedia; ther- Thor  thoracic apeutic index; thoracic index; thymus thor  thoracic, thorax independent; thymus irradiation; time inter- THORP  titanium hollow reconstruction val; tonic immobility; topical irritation; total plate iron; transcallosally mediated inhibition; thou  thousandth transient inward; transischial; translational THOV  Thogoto virus inhibition; transverse inlet; treatment inter- THP  Tamm-Horsfall protein; tetrahydropap- ruption; tricuspid incompetence; tricuspid averoline; tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phospho- insufficiency; tumor induction nium; tissue hydrostatic pressure; total hip TI  inspiration time replacement; total hydroxyproline; transtho- T-I  T-cell independent [antigen] racic portography; trihexyphenidyl Ti  titanium; translation imitation  426 TIA  topical irritation arthritis; tracheoin- TILV  Tilligerry virus nominate artery; transient ischemic attack; TIM  transthoracic intracardiac monitoring; tumor-induced angiogenesis; turbidimetric Triflusal in Myocardial Infarction [study]; immunoassay triose phosphate isomerase TIA+CE  transient ischemic attack plus ca- Tim  total imaging matrix [technology] rotid endarterectomy TIMAD  Ticlodipine in Microangiography of TIAFO  toe-inhibiting ankle-foot arthrosis Diabetes [study] TIAH  total implantation of artificial heart TIMC  tumor-induced marrow cytotoxicity TIB  tibia; time in bed; tumor immunology TIME  Teaching Immunization for Medical bank Education [study]; Treatment of Infarcting TIBA  2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid Myocardium Early [trials] TIBBS  Total Ischaemic Burden Bisoprolol TIMED  Trials to Investigate Morning vs. Study Evening Dosing [nisoldipine in hyperten- TIBC  total iron-binding capacity sion] TIBET  Total Ischemic Burden European TIMI  Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Trial [score, trial]; transmural inferior myocardial TIBL  treatment-induced bone loss infarction TIBS  Trends in Biochemical Sciences TIMI-7, TIMI-9 Thrombin Inhibition in T-IBS  T-cell immunoblastic sarcoma Myocardial Ischemia [trials] TIBV  Tibrogargan virus TIMI IIIA, TIMI IIIB  Thrombolysis in Myo- TIC  tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy; cardial Ischemia [trials] total ion current; Toxicology Information TIMIKO  Thrombolysis in Myocardial In- Center; trypsin inhibitory capability; tubal farction in Korea [study] intraepithelial carcinoma; tubulointerstitial TIMP  tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases cell; tumor-inducing complex TIMS  Tertatolol International Multicentre TICA  traumatic intracranial aneurysm Study; Tuberculosis Information Manage- TICC  time from cessation of contraception to ment System conception TIMV  Timbo virus TICO  Thrombolysis in Coronary Occlusion TIN  tubulointerstitial nephropathy [study] tinc, tinct  tincture TICU  trauma intensive care unit Tinf  infusion time TID  time interval difference; titrated initial TINU  tubulointerstitial nephritis-uveitis dose; transient ischemic dilatation; trusted [syndrome] image discrimination TINV  Tinaroo virus t.i.d.  three times a day [Lat. ter in die] TIOD  total iodine organification defect TIDA  tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic sys- TIP  telemedicine instrumentation pack; ter- tem minal interface processor; thermal inactiva- TIDAL  Team Interactive Decision Analysis tion point; Toxicology Information Program; [software] translation-inhibiting protein; tumor-inhibit- TIDE  Technology Initiative for Disabled and ing principle Elderly People TIPE  Thrombolysis in Peripheral Embolism TIDES  Transdermal Intermittent Dosing [study]; Thrombolysis in Pulmonary Embo- Evaluation Study lism [study] TIE  transient ischemic episode TIPI  time-insensitive predictive instrument TIF  tumor-inducing factor; tumor infiltrating; TIPJ  terminal interphalangeal joint tumor-inhibiting factor TIPPS  tetraiodophenylphthalein sodium TIFF  tagged image file format TIPS  transjugular intrahepatic portacaval TIG  Thrombosis Interest Group [study] shunt; transjugular intrahepatic portosystem- TIG, Tig  tetanus immunoglobulin ic shunt TIGER/Line  Topologically Integrated Geo- TIPSS  transjugular intrahepatic portosys- graphic Encoding and Referencing System temic stent shunt TIGR  The Institute for Genome Research TIQ  tetrahydroisoquinoline TIH  time interval histogram TIR  terminal innervation ratio; terminal in- TIIAP  technical information infrastructure verted repeat; totally immunoreactive assistance program TIRES  transient infrared emission spectros- TIL  tumor-infiltrating leukocyte; tumor- copy infiltrating lymphocyte TIS  telemedicine information service; TILLV  Tillamook virus tetracycline-induced steatosis; thoracic in- TILS  temporary intraluminal shunts sufficiency syndrome; titanium interbody  427 spacer; transdermal infusion system; triage Tl  thallium illness scale; trypsin-insoluble segment; TLA  thymus leukemia antigen; tissue lactase tumor in situ activity; tongue-to-lip adhesion; translaryn- Tis  tumor in situ geal aspiration; translumbar aortogram; TISP  total immunoreactive serum pepsino- transluminal angioplasty gen TLAA  T-lymphocyte-associated antigen TISS  Therapeutic Intervention Scoring Sys- tlag  lag time tem; Ticlodipine Indobufen Stroke Study TLam  thoracic laminectomy TIT  Treponema immobilization test TLAV  Tlacotalpan virus TIT, TITh  triiodothyronine TLC  telephone-linked care; tender loving TIU  trypsin-inhibiting unit care; thin-layer chromatography; threshold TIUP  term intrauterine pregnancy limit concentration; total L-chain concentra- TIUV  total intrauterine volume tion; total library computerization; total lung TIV  tomographic image visualization; total capacity; total lung compliance; total lym- intracranial volume; trivalent inactivated in- phocyte count; transverse loop colostomy fluenza vaccine TLCC  threshold limit value ceiling TIVA  total intravenous anesthesia TlCO  transfer factor for lung carbon monox- TIVC  thoracic inferior vena cava ide TIVT  Thrombolysis in Deep Vein Thrombo- TLD  thermoluminescent dosimeter; thermo- sis [study] luminescent dosimetry; thoracic lymphatic TIW  three times a week duct; tumor lethal dose TIZ  thermal injury zones T/LD100  minimum dose causing 100% TJ  tetrajoule; thigh junction; tight junction; deaths or malformations triceps jerk TLE  temporal lobe epilepsy; thin-layer elec- TJA  total joint arthroplasty trophoresis; total lipid extract TJC  tender joint count; The Joint Committee tLESRs  transient lower esophageal sphincter TJR  total joint replacement relaxations TK  thermokeratoplasty; through knee; thy- TLF  total linear filtration; truncated Lévy midine kinase; transketolase; triose-kinase; flight tyrosine kinase TLI  thymidine labeling index; total lymphat- t(°K)  absolute temperature on the Kelvin ic irradiation; transmitted light intensity; scale trypsin-like immune activity; Tucker-Lewis tk  thymidine kinase index TKA  total knee arthroplasty; transketolase TLIF  transforaminal interbody fusion activity; trochanter, knee, ankle TLL  T-cell leukemia or lymphoma; tissue le- TKase  thymidine kinase sion load TKB  tutor knowledge base TLM  transoral laser microsurgery TKC  torticollis, keloids, cryptorchidism [syn- TLm  median tolerance limit drome] TLMV  TTV-like minivirus TKCR  torticollis, keloids, cryptorchidism, TLOs  tertiary lymphoid organs renal dysplasia [syndrome] TLPD  thoracolaryngopelvic dysplasia TKD  thymidine kinase deficiency; tokody- TLQ  total living quotient namometer TLR  tapetal-like reflex; target lesion revascu- TKG  tokodynagraph larization; toll-like receptor; tonic labyrin- TKLI  tachykinin-like immunoreactivity thine reflex TKO  to keep open TLS  thoracolumbosacral; total least squares; TKPV  Turkeypox virus Tourette-like syndrome; translaminar screw; TKR  total knee replacement tumor lysis syndrome TKT  transketolase TLSER  theoretical linear solvation energy TL  temporal lobe; terminal latency; terminal relationship lumen; thermolabile; thermoluminescence; TLSO  thoracolumbosacral orthosis thoracolumbar; threat to life; thymus TLSQL  time-line standard query language leukemia; thymus lymphocyte; thymus lym- TLSS  Temporary Limb Salvage Shunt phoma; tibia length; time lapse; time limited; TLSSO  thoracolumbosacral spinal orthosis tolerance limit; total laryngectomy; total lip- TLT  tryptophan load test ids; total lung; true lumen; tubal ligation TLTP  Teaching and Learning Technology T-L  thoracolumbar; thymus-dependent lym- Programme phocyte TLV  threshold limit value; tidal liquid ventila- TL50  median tolerance limit tion; T-lymphotropic virus; total lung volume  428 TLV-BLV  threshold limit value-biological TMC  transmyocardial mechanical channel- TLV-C  threshold limit value-ceiling ing; triamcinolone and terramycin capsules TLVM  time-lapse video microscopy TMD  temporomandibular disorder; transient TLV-STEL  threshold limit value short-term myeloproliferative disease; transmembrane exposure limit domain; transmitral Doppler [scanning]; tri- TLV-TWA  threshold limit value/threshold- methadione weighted value t-MDS  therapy-related myelodysplastic TLW  total lung water syndrome TLX  trophoblast-lymphocyte cross reactivity TME  total mesorectal excision; total metab- TM  technology management; tectorial mem- olizable energy; toxic metabolic encepha- brane; temperature by mouth; temporalis lopathy; transmissible mink encephalopathy; muscle; temporomandibular; tender midline; transmural enteritis; trapezium-metacarpal tendomyopathy; teres major; thalassemia eburnation major; Thayer-Martin [medium]; thrombo- TMEP  telangiectasia macularis eruptiva per- modulin; time and materials; time-motion; stans tobramycin; torus mandibularis; total mortal- TMES  transient marrow edema syndrome ity; trabecular network; trademark; tradition- TMET  treadmill exercise test al medicine; transatrial membranotomy; TMEV  Tembe virus; Theiler’s murine en- transitional mucosa; transmediastinal; trans- cephalomyelitis virus membrane; transmetatarsal; transport mecha- TMF  transformed mink fibroblast; transmi- nism; transport medium; transverse myelitis; tral flow tropical medicine; tropomyosin; tuberculous TMg  maximum tubular reabsorption rate for meningitis; twitch movement; tympanic glucose membrane TMH  tetramethylammonium hydroxide T-M  Thayer-Martin [medium] TM-HSA  trimellityl–human serum albumin T&M  type and crossmatch TMI  testing motor impairment; threatened Tm  temperature; thulium; tubular maximum myocardial infarction; total marrow irradia- excretory capacity of kidneys tion; total medical record; transmural myo- Tm  melting temperature; membrane immu- cardial infarction noglobulin heavy chain polypeptide; tem- TMIC  Toxic Materials Information Center perature midpoint; tubular maximum T1mic  breast tumor microinvasion of less excretory capacity of kidneys than 0.1 cm tM  time required to complete the M phase TMIF  tumor-cell migratory inhibition factor of the cell cycle TMIS  Technicon Medical Information Sys- tm  transport medium; true mean tem TMA  tetramethylammonium; thrombotic TMJ  temporomandibular joint; trapezio- microangiopathy; thyroid microsomal anti- metacarpal joint body; tissue microarray; transcortical mixed TMJS  temporomandibular joint syndrome aphasia; transcription-mediated amplifica- TMK  thymidylate kinase tion; transmetatarsal amputation; trimellitic TML  terminal midline; terminal motor la- anhydride; trimethoxyamphetamine; trime- tency; tetramethyl lead thoxyphenyl aminopropane; trimethylamine; TMLR  transmyocardial laser revasculariza- true metatarsus adductus tion TMACl  tetramethylammonium chloride TMM  tissue-mimicking material TMAH  trimethylphenylammonium (anilini- TMN  thin membrane nephropathy; tumor- um) hydroxide node-metastasis TMAI  trimethylphenylammonium (anilini- TMNST  tethered median nerve stress test um) iodide TMP  2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentane; thiamine TMAO  trimethylamine N-oxide monophosphate; thymidine-5′-monophosphate; TMAP  transmembrane action potential thymidine monophosphate; thymolphthalein TMAS  Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale monophosphate; transmembrane potential; Tmax  maximum threshold; time to maxi- transmembrane pressure; trimethaphan; trime- mum thoprim; trimethylpsoralen TMB  transient monocular blindness TMPAH  maximum tubular excretory capacity TMB4  N,N′-trimethylenebis(pyridine-4-al­ for para-aminohippuric acid doxime bromide) TMPD  tetramethyl-p-phenylinediamine TMBA  trimethoxybenzaldehyde TMPDS  temporomandibular pain and dys- TMBF  transmural blood flow function syndrome; thiamine monophosphate TMBJ  thermoplastic Minerva body jacket disulfide  429 TMP-SMX  trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole TNFBR  tumor necrosis factor beta receptor TMR  the medical record; tissue maximum TNFR1  tumor necrosis factor type 1 re­ ratio; topical magnetic resonance; trainable ceptor mentally retarded; transmyocardial revascu- TNFr  tumor necrosis factor receptor larization TNG  trinitroglycerin TMRM  tetramethylrhodamine tng  tongue TMS  telematic monitoring service; thallium tNGF  truncated nerve growth factor myocardial scintigraphy; The Muscatine TnGV  Trichoplusia ni granulovirus Study; thread mate system; thymidylate syn- TNH  teaching nursing home; transient neo- thase; total morbidity score; transcranial natal hyperammonemia magnetic stimulation; trapezoidocephaly- T-NHL  T-cell–derived non-Hodgkin leuke- multiple synostosis [syndrome]; trimethylsi- mia lane TNHP  teaching nursing home program TMSE  Thai Mental State Examination TNI  total nodal irradiation TMST  treadmill stem test TnI  troponin I TMT  tarsometatarsal; thiol methyltransfer- TNM  thyroid node metastases; tumor-node- ase; Trail-Making Test; treadmill test; tri- metastasis methyllin TNMR  tritium nuclear magnetic resonance TMTD  tetramethylthiuram disulfide TNP  total net positive; trinitrophenyl TMTJ  tarsometatarsal joint TNPACK  truncated Newton program pack- TMTX  trimetrexate age TMU  tetramethyl urea TNP-KLH  trinitrophenyl keyhole limpet he- TMUV  Tembusu virus mocyanin TMV  tobacco mosaic virus TNP-LPS  trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide TMX  tamoxifen TNR  tonic neck reflex; true negative rate TMZ  transformation zone TNS  total nuclear score; Transcultural Nurs- TN  talonavicular; tarsonavicular; team ing Society; transcutaneous nerve stimula- nursing; temperature normal; tenascin; test tion; tumor necrosis serum negative; tinea nigra; trigeminal nucleus; TNSS  total nasal symptom scores total negatives; toxin neutralization; trigem- TNT  tetranitroblue tetrazolium; Transderm- inal neuralgia; trochlear nucleus; true nega- Nitro Trial; Treatment to New Target [study tive of effectiveness of atorvastatin in coronary T/N  tar and nicotine heart disease]; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene T4N  normal serum thyroxine TnT  troponin T Tn  normal intraocular tension; transposon; TNTC  too numerous to count troponin TNV  tobacco necrosis virus TNA  total nutrient admixture; trinitrotolu- TO  old tuberculin; oral temperature; original ene tuberculin; target organ; telephone order; TNB  transnasal butorphanol thoracic orthosis; thromboangiitis obliterans; TNBP  tri-n-butyl phosphate thrombotic occlusion; tincture of opium; total TNBS  2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid obstruction; tracheoesophageal; treatment TnC  troponin C object; tubo-ovarian; turnover TNCC-I  trauma nursing core course instruc- T(O)  oral temperature tor TO2  oxygen transport TNCC-P  trauma nursing core course pro- To  tricuspid opening vider to  tincture of opium TND  term normal delivery TOA  total quality assessment; tuboovarian TNDM  transient neonatal diabetes mellitus abscess t-NE  total norepinephrine TOAP  thioguanine, Oncovin, cytosine ara- TNEE  titrated norepinephrine excretion binoside, and prednisone T-NEMC  Tufts-New England Medical Cen- TOAST  Treatment of Acute Stroke Trial; ter Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Trial TNF  true negative fraction; tumor necrosis TOAT  The Open Artery Trial factor TOB  tobramycin TNFA  tumor necrosis factor alpha TOBEC  total body electrical conductivity TNFAIP  tumor necrosis factor, alpha- [test] induced protein TobRV  tobacco ringspot virus TNFAR  tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor TOC  task-oriented coping; total organic car- TNFB  tumor necrosis factor beta bon  430 TOCC  Total Occlusion of Coronary Arteries, TOPCAD  topical prevention or conception Chronic [study] and disease TOCP  tri-o-cresyl phosphate TOPLIT  Transluminal Extraction Catheter or TOCSY  total correlation spectroscopy Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angio- TOD  right eye tension [Lat. oculus dexter]; plasty in Thrombus [study] target organ damage; target organ disease; TOPS  Take Off Pounds Sensibly [program]; time-oriented data; titanium optimized design Thrombolysis in Old Patients Study; Treat- TOD/CCD  target organ disease/clinical car- ment of Post-thrombolytic Stenosis [study] diovascular disease TOPV  Topografov virus; trivalent oral po- TODS  toxic organic dust syndrome liovaccine TOE  tender on examination; tracheoesopha- tOPV  trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine geal; transesophageal echography; trans- TORCH  toxoplasmosis, other [congenital ferred nuclear Overhauser effect syphilis and viruses], rubella, cytomegalovi- TOEFL  Test of English as a Foreign Lan- rus, and herpes guage ToRCHeS  toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomeg- TOES  toxic oil epidemic syndrome alovirus, herpes, syphilis TOF  tetralogy of Fallot; time of flight; tra- TORCHS  toxoplasmosis, other diseases, cheoesophageal fistula; train of four rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes, syphilis ToF  time-of-flight TORDIA  Treatment of Resistant Depression TOFA  time-of-flight absorbance; time of in Adolescents [study] flight and abstinence TORP  total ossicular replacement prosthe- T of F  tetralogy of Fallot sis TOFHLA  test of functional health literacy in torr  mm Hg pressure adults TORS  transoral robotic surgery TOFMS, TOF-MS time-of-flight mass spec- TOS  thoracic outlet syndrome; toxic oil syn- trometry drome TOFS  total organ failure score TOSCA  Total Occlusion Study in Canada TOH  tower of Hanoi [test]; transient osteo- TOSV  Toscana virus porosis of hip TOT  The Oslo Trial; tip of the tongue; total TOHP  Trial of Hypertension Prevention operating time; tubal ovum transfer TOL  trial of labor TOTAL  Total Occlusion Trial with Angio- ToL  Tower of London [test] plasty by Using Laser Guidewire tol  tolerance, tolerated TOTP  tri-o-tolyl phosphate TOLB, tolb  tolbutamine TOV  trial of voiding TOLC  Treatment of Low-Density Lipopro- TOVA  test of variables of attention; trigger tein-Bound Cholesterol [study] of ventricular arrhythmia TOLD  top-level driver TOWARD  Toyama Warfarin Rational Dos- TOM  toxic oxygen metabolite age [study] TOMA  tri-octylmethylammonium chloride Tox, tox  toxicity, toxic TOMAS  torsional ocular movement analy- TOXICON  Toxicology Conversational On- sis system line Network TOMHS  Treatment of Mild Hypertension TOXLINE  Toxicology Information On-Line Study TOXLIT  Toxicology Literature TOMI  turkey ovomucoid inhibitor TOXNET  Toxicology Data Network TOMIIS  Total Occlusion Postmyocardial TP  temperature and pressure; temperature Infarction Intervention Study probe; template; temporal peak; temporopa- Tomo  tomogram, tomography rietal; tender point; tension pneumothorax; tomos  tomograms terminal phalanx; terminal protein; testoster- TOMS  The Oklahoma Marker Study one propionate; thick padding; thin plate; TON  traumatic optic neuropathy threshold potential; thrombocytopenic pur- TONE  tilted optimized nonsaturating excita- pura; thrombophlebitis; thromboxane prosta- tion; Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interven- glandin; thymic polypeptide; thymidine tions in the Elderly phosphorylase; thymopentin; thymopoietin; tonoc  tonight [to + L. nocte] thymus polypeptide; thymus protein; tissue TOP  termination of pregnancy; Thromboly- pressure; Todd palsy; toe pressure; torsades sis in Old Patients [study]; topoisomerase de pointes; torus palatinus; total population; top  topical total positives; total protein; transaction pro- TOPAS  Thrombolysis or Peripheral Arterial cessing; transforming principle; transition Surgery [study] point; transpyloric; transverse polarization;  431 transverse process; transverse propagation; TPEV 1, 2  Turkey pseudoenteritis viruses treating physician; treatment period; treat- 1, 2 ment progress; treatment protocol; Trepone- TPEY  tellurite polymyxin egg yolk [agar] ma pallidum; triazolophthalazine; trigger TPF  thymus permeability factor; thymus to point; triphosphate; true positive; tryptophan; peak flow; true positive fraction tryptophan pyrrolase; tube precipitin; tuber- TPFR  time to peak filling rate culin precipitate; tumor protein TPG  transmembrane potential gradient; 6-TP  6-thiopurine transplacental gradient; transpulmonary gra- T&P  temperature and pressure; temperature dient; tryptophan peptone glucose and pulse TPGS  E-alpha-tocophenyl polyethylene gly- T+P  temperature and pulse col succinate; Talairach Proportional Grid Tp  primary transmission; time of prepara- System tion; Treponema pallidum; tryptophan TPGYT   trypticase-peptone-glucose-yeast Tp  physical half-life extract-trypsin TPA  tannic acid, polyphosphomolybdic TPH  transplacental hemorrhage; tryptophan acid, and amino acid; 12-O-tetradecanoyl- hydroxylase phorbol-13-acetate; third-party administra- TpH  tryptophan hydroxylase tor; thrombotic pulmonary artery; tissue TPHA  Treponema pallidum hemagglutina- plasminogen activator; tissue polypeptide tion antigen; total parenteral alimentation; Trepo- TPHU  Tropical Public Health Unit nema pallidum agglutination; tumor poly- TPI  Thrombolytic Predictive Instrument; peptide antigen time period integrator; Treponema pallidum t-PA  tissue plasminogen activator immobilization; treponemal immobilization TPAC  torso phased array coil test; triose phosphate isomerase TPAI  tissue plasminogen activator inhibi- TPi  inspiratory pause time tor TPIA  Treponema pallidum immune adher- TPase  thymidine phosphorylase ence TPASK  Tissue Plasminogen Activator vs TPIIA  time of postexpiratory inspiratory ac- Streptokinase [trial] tivity TPAT  Tissue Plasminogen Activator, To- TPK  tyrosine protein kinase ronto Trial TPL  third-party liability; titanium proximal TPB  tetraphenyl borate; theory of planned loading; tumor progression locus; tyrosine behavior; tryptone phosphate broth phenol-lyase TPBF  total pulmonary blood flow tpl  transplantation, transplanted TPBG  trophoblast glycoprotein TPLL  T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia TPBS  three-phase bone scintigraphy; three- TPLSM  two-photon laser scanning micros- phase radionuclide bone scanning copy TPC  thromboplastic plasma component; TPLV  transient pulmonary vascular lability thyroid papillary carcinoma; time to peak TPM  temporary pacemaker; thrombophlebi- contrast; total patient care; total plasma cat- tis migrans; topiramate; total particulate  echolamines; total plasma cholesterol; total matter; total passive motion; transplant pro- plate count; Treponema pallidum comple- curement management; triphenylmethane; ment tropomyosin; turning-point morphology TPCF  Treponema pallidum complement fix- TPMT  thiopurine methyltransferase ation TPMV  Thottapalayam virus TPCR  tripartite chimeric receptor TPN  thalamic projection neuron; total par- TPCV  total packed cell volume enteral nutrition; transition protein; triphos- TPD  temporary partial disability; thiamine phopyridine nucleotide propyl disulfide; tripotassium phenolphtha- TPNH  reduced triphosphopyridine nucleo- lein disulfate; tumor-producing dose tide TP-DNA  template deoxyribonucleic acid TPO  thrombopoietin; thyroid peroxidase; [DNA] tryptophan peroxidase TPDS  tropical pancreatic diabetes syn- Tpo  thrombopoietin drome TPP  target product profile; tetraphenylpor- TPE  therapeutic plasma exchange; totally phyrin; thiamine pyrophosphate; thrust plate protected environment; tris-phosphate prosthesis; transpulmonary pressure; tread- EDTA; typhoid-parathyroid enteritis mill performance test; tripeptidyl peptidase; Pe T   expiratory pause time triphenyl phosphite Tpeak  time to peak TPPase  thiamine pyrophosphatase  432 TPPD  thoracic-pelvic-phalangeal dystrophy t(°R)  absolute temperature on the Rankine TPPI  time-proportional phase incrementa- scale tion Tr  trace; tragion; transferrin; trypsin TPPN  total peripheral parenteral nutrition Tr  radiologic half-life; retention time TPQ  Threshold Planning Quantity tr  tincture; trace; traction; transaldolase; TPR  temperature, pulse, and respiration; tes- trauma, traumatic; tremor; triradial tosterone production rate; tetraricopeptide TRA  total renin activity; tumor-resistant an- repeat; third-party reimbursement; tissue/ tigen phantom ratio; total peripheral resistance; tra  transfer total pulmonary resistance; true positive rate; TRAb  thyrotoxin receptor antibody tumor potentiating region TRAC  tool for referral assessment of conti- TPRI  total peripheral resistance index nuity [of health] TPS  thin-plate spline; time to peak short- trac  traction ening; topical skin protectant; treatment TRACE  Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation planning system; trypsin; tryptase; tumor [trial] polysaccharide substance trach  trachea, tracheal, tracheostomy TPSE  2-(p-triphenyl)sulfonylethanol TRAJ  timed repetitive ankle jerk TPST  true positive stress test; tyrosyl protein TRALI  transfusion-related acute lung injury sulfotransferase TRALT  transfusion-related acute lung trau- TPT  tetraphenyl tetrazolium; Thrombosis ma Prevention Trial; time to peak tension; topo- TRAM  transport remote-acquisition moni- tecan; total protein tuberculin; triphalangeal tor; transverse rectus abdominis muscle; thumb; typhoid-paratyphoid [vaccine] Treatment Rating Assessment Matrix; Treat- TPTE  2-(p-triphenyl)thioethanol ment Response Assessment Method; trisami- TPTIMF  soft tissue pinch-thickness at the nomethane inframammary fold TRAMAH  trauma resources allocation TPTX  thyro-parathyroidectomized model for ambulances and hospitals TPTZ  tripyridyltriazine TRANDA  Trandolapril Andalusian Study TPV  tetanus-pertussis vaccine; tipranavir TRAPME   tricho-rhino-auriculophalangeal TPVR  total peripheral vascular resistance; multiple exostoses total pulmonary vascular resistance trans  transfer; transference; transverse TPVS  transhepatic portal venous sampling TRANSAX  translation of axes TPW  temporary pacing wire trans D  transverse diameter TPX  testis-specific protein TRANSFAIR  Transfatty Acids in Food in TPZ  thioproperazine Europe [study] TQ  tocopherolquinone; tourniquet transm  transmission, transmitted TQD  target quit date transpl  transplantation, transplanted TQE  top-quality embryo TRAP  carpal tunnel syndrome, Raynaud TQFCOSY  triple-quantum-filtered correlat- phenomenon, aching muscles, proximal mus- ed spectroscopy cle weakness [rheumatic disorders associated TQI  total quality improvement with hypothyroidism]; tartrate-resistant acid TQM  total quality management phosphatase; telomeric repeat amplification TQS  Terminology Query Service protocol; thrombin receptor-activating pep- TR  recovery time; rectal temperature; rep- tide; transport and rapid accessioning for ad- etition time; residual tuberculin; terminal ditional procedures; triiodothyronine receptor repeat; tetrazolium reduction; therapeutic auxiliary protein; Twin Reversed Arterial radiology; therapeutic ratio; therapeutic rec- Perfusion [study] reation; thrombin receptor; thyroid receptor; TrAP  transcriptional activator protein time release; time to relengthening; total trap  trapezius resistance; total response; trachea; transfu- TRAPIST  Trapidil vs Placebo to Prevent In- sion reaction; transmission rate; transrec- Stent Intimal Hyperplasia [study] tal; tricuspid regurgitation; Trinder reagent; TRAS  transplanted renal artery stenosis tuberculin R; tuberculin residue; turbidity TraSH  transposition site hybridization; reducing; turnover ratio transposon site hybridization T:R  thickness to radius ratio TRASHES  tuberculosis, radiotherapy, anky- T&R  treated and released losing spondylitis, histoplasmosis, extrinsic T/R  transmission/[frequency] response allergic alveolitis, silicosis [chest x-ray find- TR90  time to 90% relengthening ings]  433 traum  trauma, traumatic T4RIA, T4(RIA) thyroxine radioimmunoas- TRB  terbutalone; tropanyl benzylate say TRBF  total renal blood flow TRIAC  3,5,3′-triiodothyroacetic acid TRBV  Tribec virus TRIADS  time-resolved imaging by auto- TRC  tanned red cell; therapeutic residential matic data segmentation center; tissue repair cell; T-lymphocyte an- TRIC  Thrombolysis with Recombinant Tis- tigen receptor; total renin concentration; sue Plasminogen Activator During Instability total respiratory conductance; total ridge in Coronary Artery Disease [trial]; trachoma count inclusion conjunctivitis TRCA  tanned red cell agglutination TRICB  trichlorobiphenyl TRCF  transcription repair coupling factor TRICC  Transfusion Requirements in Critical TRCH  tanned red cell hemagglutination Care [trial] TRCHI  tanned red cell hemagglutination in- Trich  Trichomonas hibition TRIFACTS  Toxic Chemical Release Inven- TRCV  total red cell volume tory Facts TRD  tongue-retaining device; traumatic rup- trig  trigger; triglycerides; trigonum ture of diaphragm; treatment-resistant de- TRIM  Thrombin Inhibition in Myocardial pression Ischemia [study] TRDN  transient respiratory distress of the TRIMIS  Tri-Service Medical Information newborn Systems [Department of Defense] TRE  target registration error; thymic reticu- TRIMM  Triggers and Mechanisms of Myo- loendothelial; thyroid hormone response; cardial Infarction [study] triplet rapid expansion; true radiation emis- TRINS  totally reversible ischemic neuro- sion logical symptoms TREA  triethanolamine TRIPS  Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual TREAT  Tranilast Restenosis Following An- Property gioplasty Trial TRIS  tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane treat  treatment TRISS  trauma and injury severity score TRECs  T-cell receptor rearrangement exci- TRIT  triiodothyronine sion circle trit  triturate TREC-TCR  rearrangement excision cycle TRITC  tetrarhodamine isothiocyanate Tregs  regulatory T cells TRK  transketolase; tyrosine kinase TREND  Trial on Reversing Endothelial Dys- Trk  tyrosine kinase function TrkA  tyrosine kinase A Trend  Trendelenburg [position] TrkB  tyrosine kinase B TRENT  Trial of Early Nifedipine Treatment TRL  transfer ribonucleic acid leucine of Acute Myocardial Infarction TRLP  triglyceride-rich lipoprotein Trep  Treponema TRM  traditional medicines; transplant- TRF  targeted RNA fingerprinting; T-cell re- related mortality placing factor; thymus replacing factor; TRMA  thiamine-responsive megaloblastic thyrotropin-releasing factor; transferrin; tu- anemia bular rejection fraction TR-MALLS  time-resolved multi-angle laser TRFC  total rosette-forming cell light scattering TRFF  trough response, fine frequency TRMC  trimethylrhodamino-isothiocyanate TRG  T-cell rearranging gene; transfer RNA TRMI  transfer ribonucleic acid initiator me- glycine thionine TRH  tension-reducing hypothesis; thyrotro- TRML, Trml  terminal pin-releasing hormone TRM-SMX  trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole TRHR  thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor TRMV  Trombetas virus TRH-ST  thyrotropin-releasing hormone stim- TRN  tegmental reticular nucleus ulation test tRNA  transfer ribonucleic acid TRI  tetrazolium reduction inhibition; Thy- tRNA GLU transfer ribonucleic acid glu- roid Research Institute; total response index; tamic acid Toxic Chemical Release Inventory; tubulore- tRNA-i(met)  transfer ribonucleic acid ini- ticular inclusion tiator methionine tri  tricentric tRNA-SER  transfer ribonucleic acid serine T3RIA, T3(RIA) triiodothyronine radioim- TRND  Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected munoassay Diseases  434 TRNG  tetracycline-resistant Neisseria gon- Tryp  tryptophan orrhoeae TS  Takayasu syndrome; Tay-Sachs [disease]; TRNOE  transfer nuclear Overhauser effect telemedicine system; temperature sensitivity; TRNS  transfer ribonucleic acid serine temperature sensor; temperature, skin; tem- TRO  tissue reflectance oximetry poral stem; tensile strength; test solution; Troch  trochanter thermal stability; thoracic surgery; thymi- TROM  torque range of motion; total range dylate synthase; time scale; tissue space; of motion total solids; Tourette syndrome; toxic sub- Trop  tropical stance; toxic syndrome; tracheal sound; tra- TROPCAB  total revascularization off pump chomatous scarring; transferrin saturation; by coronary artery bypass transition; transitional sleep; transsexual; TROPHY  Treatment Effects of Lisinopril vs transverse section; transverse sinus; trauma Hydrochlorothiazide in Obese Patients with score; treadmill score; triceps surae; tricus- Hypertension [trial]; Treatment of Obese Pa- pid stenosis; triple strength; tropical sprue; tients with Hypertension [trial]; Trial of Pre- Troyer syndrome; trypticase soy [plate]; T venting Hypertension suppressor [cell]; tuberous sclerosis; tumor TRP  trough response phase; total refractory specific; Turner syndrome; type specific period; transfer ribonucleic acid proline; T/S  transverse section transient receptor potential; trichorhinopha- T+S  type and screen langeal [syndrome]; tubular reabsorption of Ts  skin temperature; tosylate phosphate; tyrosine-related protein Ts  secreted immunoglobulin heavy chain TrP  tricuspid valve polypeptide; stimulus timing; T-cell suppres- Trp, trp  tryptophan sor; T suppressor [cell] TRPA  tryptophan-rich prealbumin Ts1, Ts3  suppressor T lymphocyte subpopu- TrPl  treatment plan lations 1 and 3 TRPM  testosterone-repressed prostate mes- tS  time required to complete the S phase of sage the cell cycle TRPO  tryptophan oxygenase ts  temperature sensitivity TRPS  trichorhinophalangeal syndrome ts, tsp  teaspoon TrPs  tender trigger points; trigger points TSA  technical surgical assistance; time series TRPT  theoretic renal phosphorus threshold analysis; toluene sulfonic acid; total shoulder TRR  temporal representation and reasoning; arthroplasty; total solute absorption; toxic total respiratory resistance shock antigen; transcortical sensory aphasia; TRS  task routing system; testicular regres- trypticase-soy agar; tumor-specific antigen; sion syndrome; total reducing sugars; tubulo- tumor surface antigen; type-specific antibody reticular structure T4SA  thyroxine-specific activity TrS  trauma surgery TSAb  thyroid-stimulating antibody TRST  triage risk screening tool TSAP  toxic-shock–associated protein; trans- TRSV  tobacco ringspot virus port services access point TRT  targeted renal therapy; thoracic radio- TSAS  total severity assessment score therapy; transfer RNA threonine TSAT  tube slide agglutination test TR/TE  repetition time/echo time TSB  total serum bilirubin; trypticase soy T-RTS  triage-revised trauma score broth; tryptone soy broth TRTV  Turkey rhinotracheitis virus TSBA  total serum bile acids TRU  task-related unit; turbidity-reducing TSBB  transtracheal selective bronchial unit brushing T3RU  triiodothyronine resin uptake TSC  technetium sulfur colloid; thiazide- TRUS  transrectal ultrasonography sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter; thi- TRUSP  transrectal ultrasonography of pros- osemicarbazide; total static compliance; total tate symptom complex; transient spontaneous TRUST  Trial in United Kingdom for Stroke circulation; transsodium crocetinate; trans- Treatment verse spinal sclerosis; tuberous sclerosis TRUV  Trubanaman virus complex TRV  Tanjong Rabok virus; tobacco rattle TSCA  Toxic Substances Control Act virus TSCOHS  Tri-Service Comprehensive Oral TrV  Triatoma virus Health Survey TRVV  total right ventricular volume TSCS  Tennessee Self-Concept Scale TRX  thioredoxin TSD  target site duplication; target-skin dis- trx  traction tance; Tay-Sachs disease; theory of signal  435 detectability; thermionic selective detector; nectomy; trisodium phosphate; tropical spas- traditional stripchart display tic paraparesis TSE  testicular self-examination; time since tsp  teaspoon exposure; tissue-specific extinguisher; total TSPA  thiotepa skin electron; total skin examination; trans- TSPAP  total serum prostatic acid phospha- cutaneous spinal electroanesthesia; transmis- tase sible spongiform encephalopathy; trisodium TSP I  thrombospondin type I edetate; turbospin echo TSPL  transplant TSEB  total skin electron beam TSPP  tetrasodium pyrophosphate T sect  transverse section TSR  theophylline sustained release; thyroid/ TSEM  transmission scanning electron mi- serum ratio; tissue scatter ratio; tissue stan- croscopy dard ratio; total systemic resistance TSES  Target Symptom Evaluation Scale TSRI  The Scripps Research Institute T-set  tracheotomy set TSS  toxic shock syndrome; tropical spleno- TSF  T-cell suppressor factor; testicular megaly syndrome feminization syndrome; thrombopoiesis- TSSA  tumor-specific cell surface antigen stimulating factor; total systemic flow; tri- TSSE  toxic shock syndrome exotoxin ceps skinfold TSST  toxic shock syndrome toxin TsF  T-cell suppressor factor TST  thermoregulatory sweat test; thiosulfate TSG  tumor suppressor gene sulfur-transferase; thromboplastin screening TSG, TSGP  tumor-specific glycoprotein test; total sleep time; transforming sequence, TSGE  temperature sweep gel electrophore- thyroid; treadmill stress test; triceps skinfold sis thickness; tricipital skinfold thickness; tuber- TSH  thyroid-stimulating hormone; transient culin skin test; tumor skin test synovitis of the hip TSTA  toxoplasmin skin test antigen; tumor- TSHA  thyroid-stimulating hormone, alpha specific tissue antigen; tumor-specific trans- chain plantation antigen TSHB  thyroid-stimulating hormone, beta TsTX  tityustoxin chain TSU  triple-sugar urea [agar] TSHR  thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor TSUV  Tsuruse virus TSH-RF  thyroid-stimulating hormone–re- TSV  total stomach volume; total stroke vol- leasing factor ume TSH-RH  thyroid-stimulating hormone–re- TSVR  total systemic vascular resistance leasing hormone TSWT  tree-structured wavelet transform TSHW  Thyroid Study in Healthy Women TSY  trypticase soy yeast TSI  thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin; TSYEA  trypticase soy yeast enriched agar triple-sugar iron [agar]; turbo spectroscopic TT  tablet triturate; tactile tension; talar tilt; imaging tandem transplant; tendon of Todaro; tendon TSIA  total small intestine allotransplanta- transfer; terminal transferase; test tube; tes- tion; triple-sugar iron agar ticular torsion; tetanus toxin; tetanus toxoid; tSIDS  totally unexplained sudden infant tetrathionate; tetrazol; therapeutic touch; death syndrome thrombin time; thrombolytic therapy; throm- TSJ  Telemedicine Society of Japan boplastin time; thymol turbidity; tibial tu- TSL  task specification language; terminal bercle; tibial tuberosity; tick typhus; tiger sensory latency; transport layer security top; tilt table; tiny T [antigen]; tissue toler- TSLP  thymic stroma–derived lymphopoi- ance; tolerance test; tonometry; total thyroid- etin ectomy; total thyroxine; total time; total TSM  type-specific M protein transfer; trabecular thickness; transient TSMDB  Tuberous Sclerosis Mutation Data- tachypnea; transferred to; transit time; trans- base thoracic; transtracheal; treadmill test; trend TSO  transient spastic occlusion; trans- template; triple therapy; tritiated thymidine; stilbene oxide tuberculin test; tuberculoid; tube thoracosto- TSOP  time from symptom onset to presen- my; tumor thrombus; turnover time; tyrosine tation transaminase TSP  tailspin protein; testis-specific protein; T&T  time and temperature; touch and tone thrombin-sensitive protein; thrombospondin; TT2  total diiodothyronine tibial hole sagittal positioning; total serum TT3  total triiodothyronine protein; total sleep period; total suspended TT4  total thyroxine particulate [matter]; tracheal sleeve pneumo- Tt  transition temperature  436 TTA  tetanus toxoid antibody; timed thera- tristetraprolin; tritolyl phosphate; trusted peutic absence; tissue texture abnormality; third party total toe arthroplasty; transtracheal aspiration TTPA  triethylene thiophosphoramide tTA  tetracycline-controlled transactivator TTR  time in target range; transthoracic resis- TTAP  threaded titanium acetabular prosthe- tance; transthyretin; triceps tendon reflex sis TTS  tarsal tunnel syndrome; temporary TTAT  traumatic thoracic aortic transection threshold shift; The Tromsø Study; through TTATTS  Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute the scope; through the skin; tilt table stand- Thrombotic/Thromboembolic Stroke [study] ing; transdermal therapeutic system; twin TTB  third-trimester bleeding transfusion syndrome TTC  triphenyltetrazolium chloride; triple TTSS  type three secretion system transducer connector; trying to conceive; TTT  thymol turbidity test; tolbutamide toler- T-tube cholangiogram ance test; total twitch time; transpupillary TTD  temporary total disability; tetraethyl- thermotherapy; tuberculin tine test thiuram disulfide; tissue tolerance dose; TTTS  twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome transfusion-transmitted disease; transient  TTTT  test tube turbidity test; Tokyo Trop-T tic disorder; transverse thoracic diameter; Trial trichothiodystrophy TTV  tracheal transport velocity; transfusion- TTDF  time to distant failure transmitted virus TTE  transthoracic echocardiography TTVS  Transfusion Transmitted Viruses TTF  thyroid transcription factor; time to Study failure TTWB  toe-touch weightbearing TTFD  tetrahydrofurfuryldisulfide TTX  tetrodotoxin TTG  T-cell translocation gene; telethermog- TU  texture unit; thiouracil; thyroid uptake; raphy; tellurite, taurocholate, and gelatin Todd unit; toxic unit; toxin unit; transmission TTGA  tellurite, taurocholate, and gelatin unit; transurethral; tuberculin unit; turbidity agar unit TTH  tension-type headaches; thyrotropic T3U  triiodothyronine uptake hormone; tritiated thymidine TUAV  Turuna virus TTI  tension-time index; time-temperature TUB  tubulin indicator; time-tension index; time to intuba- TUBA  transumbilical breast augmentation; tion; torque-time interval; transtracheal in- tubulin alpha sufflation TUBAL  tubulin alpha–like TTIdi  tension-time index diaphragm TUBB  tubulin beta TTIM  T-cell tumor invasion and metastasis tuberc  tuberculosis T-TIME  tourniquet time TUBG  tubulin gamma TTJV  transtracheal jet ventilation TUBS  traumatic unidirectional Bankart sur- TTL  total thymus lymphocytes; training test gery lung; transistor-transistor logic TUCC  Tissue Plasminogen Activator/ TTLC  true total lung capacity Urokinase Comparison in China [study] TTLD  terminal transverse limb defect TUCV  Tucunduba virus TTLF  time to local failure; transtelephonic TUD  total urethral discharge monitoring TUG  timed up and go [test]; total urinary TTN  titin; transient tachypnea of the new- gonadotropin born TUGMI  Tsukuba University Group for TTn  normal trend template Myocardial Infarction TTNA  transthoracic needle aspiration TUGSE  traumatic ulcerative granuloma with TTNAB  transthoracic needle aspiration bi- stromal eosinophilia opsy TuHV  Tupaiid herpesvirus TTNB  transthoracic needle biopsy TUI  transurethral incision; type unique iden- TTO  time trade-off tifier TTO2  transtracheal oxygen TUIP  trans-urethral incision of prostate TTOPP  Thrombolytic Therapy in Older Pa- TUL  tumescent ultrasound liposculpture tient Population [study] TULIP  transurethral ultrasound-guided laser- TTP  thiamine triphosphate; thrombotic induced prostatectomy thrombocytopenic purpura; thymidine tri- TULV  Tula virus phosphate; time to disease progression; time TUN  total urinary nitrogen to peak; time to progression; tocopherol TUNEL  deoxyuride-5′-triphosphate biotin transfer protein; transtrabecular plane; nick-end labeling  437 TUNV  Tunis virus tricuspid valve replacement; triple-valve re- TUP  temporal utility program; transumbili- placement cal plane TVRE  transvaginal resection of endometrium TUPR  transurethral prostatic resection TVS  transvaginal sonography; transvesical TUPV  Tupaia virus sonography TUR  transurethral resection TVSS  transient voltage surge suppressor TURB, TURBT transurethral resection of TVT  tension-free vaginal tape; transmissible bladder [tumor] venereal tumor; tunica vaginalis testis turb  turbid, turbidity TVTV  Trivittatus virus turboFLASH  turbo fast low-angle shot TVU  total volume of the urine TURBT  transurethral resection of bladder TVV  Trichomonas vaginalis virus tumor TVX  tumor virus X TURP  transurethral resection of the pros- TW  tap water; terminal web; test weight; tate thyroid weight; total body water; traveling TURS  transurethral resection syndrome wave TURV  transurethral resection of valves; Tur- Tw  twist lock virus tw  twice per week TUS  trauma ultrasound TWA  time-weighted average; total wrist ar- TUTase  terminal uridylate transferase throplasty; T-wave alternans TV  box turtle virus; talipes varus; target vol- TWAR  Taiwan acute respiratory [Chlamyd- ume; television; teschovirus; tetrazolium vio- ia pneumoniae strain] let; thoracic vertebra; tickborne virus; tidal TWB  touch weight bear volume; tigré virus; Torovirus; total volume; Twb  wet-bulb temperature toxic vertigo; transumbilical plane; transvag- TWBC  terminal warm blood cardioplegia; inal; transvenous; transverse; transversion; total white blood cells; total white blood trial visit; Trichomonas vaginalis; tricuspid count valve; trivalent; true vertebra; truncal vagoto- TWD  total white and differential [cell my; tuberculin volutin; tubovesicular typhoid count]; traveling-wave dielectrophoresis vaccine; tumor virus TWE  tap water enema; tepid water enema Tv  Trichomonas vaginalis TWIST  time without symptoms of disease TVA  truncal vagotomy and antrectomy and subjective toxic effects of treatment TVC  timed vital capacity; total viable cells; TWISTER  Trial of Within Stent Treatment of total volume capacity; transvaginal cone; Endoluminal Restenosis triple voiding cystogram; true vocal cords TWL  transepidermal water loss TVCD  transvaginal color Doppler sonogra- TWS  tranquilizer withdrawal syndrome phy TWs  triphasic waves TVCPD  transvaginal color power Doppler TWT  The Wellcome Trust; the whole thing; TVCV  transvenous cardioversion total waiting time TVD  transmissible virus dementia; triple- TWW  two-week wait vessel disease TWWD  tap water wet dressing TVF  tactile vocal fremitus TX  a derivative of contagious tuberculin; no TVFD  time-varying frequency dependence evidence of primary tumor; tamoxifen; TVG  time-varied gain thromboxane; thyroidectomized; transplanta- TVH  total vaginal hysterectomy; turkey tion; treatment virus hepatitis T&X  type and crossmatch TVHS  transvaginal hysterosonography 6TX  6-thioxanthine TVI  time-velocity integral; tissue velocity Tx  transplant or transplantation imaging Tx, Tx  therapy; traction; treatment TVL  tenth value layer; tunica vasculosa tx  traction lentis TXA, TxA  thromboxane A TV/L  tubovesicle/lumen TXA2, TXA2  thromboxane A2 (A2) TVMF  time-varying magnetic field TXB2, TXB2  thromboxane B2 (B2) TVOC  total volatile organic compound TXDD  transmitted data decoder TVP  tensor veli palatini; textured vegetable TxDD/T  transmitted data decoder/timer protein; transvenous pacemaker; tricuspid TXDS  qualifying toxic dose valve prolapse; truncal vagotomy and pylo- TxDE  transmitted data encoder roplasty TXN  thioredoxin TVR  target vessel revascularization; tonic Ty  type; typhoid; tyrosine vibratory reflex; total vascular resistance;  TYH  tyrosine hydrolase  438 Tymp  tympanic, tympanum TYRL  tyrosinase-like TYMS  thymidylate synthase TYRP  tyrosine-related protein Ty-neg  tyrosinase negative TYUV  Tyuleniy virus Ty-pos  tyrosinase positive TZ  zymoplastic tuberculin Tyr, tyr  tyrosine t1/2z  terminal half-life TyRIA  thyroid radioisotope assay TZD  thiazolidinedione  439 UAU  uterine activity unit U UB  ultimobranchial body; Unna boot; upper back; urinary bladder UB 82  universal billing document [1982] UBA  undenaturated bacterial antigen; ure- idoisobutyric acid UBB  ubiquitin B U  congenital limb absence; in electro- UBBC  unsaturated vitamin B12 binding ca- cardiography, an undulating deflection pacity that follows the T wave; internal energy; UBC  ubiquitin C; University of British Co- International Unit of enzyme activity; lumbia Mann-Whitney rank sum statistic; poten- UBE  ubiquitin-activating enzyme tial difference; ulcer; ulna; ultralente [insu- UBF  uterine blood flow lin]; umbilicus; uncertain; unerupted; unit; UBG, Ubg  urobilinogen universal application; unknown; unsharp- UBI  ultraviolet blood irradiation ness; upper; uracil; uranium; urea; urethra; UBL  undifferentiated B-cell lymphoma uridine; uridylic acid; urinary concentra- UBM  ultrasound backscatter microscopy; tion; urine; urology; uterus; uvula; volume  ultrasound biomicroscopy velocity UBN  urobilin Υ  uppercase Greek letter upsilon UBO  unidentified bright object U/2  upper half UBP  ureteral back pressure U/3  upper third UBPS  ultrasound bone profile score u  unified atomic mass unit; velocity UBS  unidentified bright signal υ  lowercase Greek letter upsilon UBT  urea breath test UA  absorption unsharpness; ultraaudible; UBW  usual body weight ultrasonic arteriography; umbilical artery; UC  ulcerative colitis; ultracentrifugal; um- unauthorized absence; unicystic ameloblas- bilical cord; unchanged; unclassifiable; toma; unit of analysis; unstable angina; upper unconscious; undifferentiated carcinoma; un- airways; upper arm; uric acid; uridylic acid; differentiated cells; unit clerk; unsatisfactory urinalysis; urinary aldosterone; uronic acid; condition; untreated cells; urea clearance; uterine activity; uterine aspiration urethral catheterization; urinary catheter; U/A  uric acid; urinalysis urinary catheterization; urine concentrate; ua  urinalysis urine culture; usual care; uterine contractions UAC  umbilical artery catheter; unusual- U&C  urethral and cervical; usual and cus- appearing child; uric acid tomary UA/C  uric acid/creatinine ratio UCA  ultrasound contrast agent UAE  unilateral absence of excretion; urine UCAID  University Corporation for Ad- albumin excretion; uterine artery emboliza- vanced Internet Development tion UCARE, U-CARE  Unexplained Cardiac Ar- UAEM  University Association for Emer- rest Registry of Europe gency Medicine UCB  unconjugated bilirubin UAGA  Uniform Anatomical Gift Act UCBC  umbilical cord blood culture UAI  uterine activity interval UCBT  umbilical cord blood transplantation UAI-C  unprotected anal intercourse with UCC  Uniform Code Council casual partners UCD  urine collection device; user-centered UAL  ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty; ultra- design; usual childhood diseases sound-assisted liposuction UCDS  uniform clinical dataset U-AMY  urinary amylase UCE  urea cycle enzymopathy UAN  uric acid nitrogen UCG  ultrasonic cardiography; urinary cho- UAO  upper airway obstruction rionic gonadotropin UAP  unlicensed assistive personnel; unsta- UCHD  usual childhood diseases ble angina pectoris; urinary acid phospha- UCI  unusual childhood illness; urethral tase; urinary alkaline phosphatase catheter in; urinary catheter in UAPA  unilateral absence of pulmonary UCL  ulnar collateral ligament; upper collat- artery eral ligament; upper confidence limit; upper UAR  upper airway resistance; uric acid ribo- control limit; urea clearance side UCLP  unilateral cleft of lip and palate UAS  upper abdomen surgery; upstream UCO  ultrasonic cardiac output; urethral activating sequence; upstream activation site catheter out; urinary catheter out  440 UCOD  underlying cause of death UEHB  uniform effective health benefits UCP  uncoupling protein; urinary copropor- UEL  upper explosive limit phyrin; urinary C-peptide UEM  universal electron microscope UCPT  urinary coproporphyrin test UEMC  unidentified endosteal marrow cell UCR  unconditioned response; usual, cus- UES  upper esophageal sphincter tomary, and reasonable uEs  unconjugated estriol UCr  urinary creatinine u/ext  upper extremity UCS  ultimate compressive strength; uncon- UF  film unsharpness; ultrafiltrate; ultrafiltra- ditioned stimulus; unconscious; uterine com- tion; ultrafine; ultrasonic frequency; unaffect- pression syndrome ed female; uncertainty factor; universal feeder; ucs  unconscious unknown factor; urinary formaldehyde UCT  ultrasound computed tomography; uro- Uf  ultrafiltration logic care table UFA  unesterified fatty acid UCTD, uCTD undifferentiated/unclassifi- UFB  urinary fat bodies able connective tissue disease UFC  ultrafast ceramics; urinary free cortisol UCV  uncontrolled variable; unconventional UFCT  ultrafast computed tomography viral [disease] UFD  ultrasonic flow detector; unilateral UCVA  uncorrected visual acuity facet dislocation UD  ulcerative dermatosis; ulnar deviation; UFFI  urea-formaldehyde foam insulation underdeveloped; undetermined; unit dose; UFH  unfractionated heparin urethral dilation; urethral discharge; uridine UFL  upper flammable limit; upper frequency diphosphate; uroporphyrinogen decarboxyl- limit ase; use as directed; uterine delivery UFN  unreamed femoral nail UD-AHF  UD-CG 115 BS in Acute Heart UFOV  useful field of view Failure [study] UFP  ultrafiltration pressure UDB  universal database UFR  ultrafiltration rate; urine filtration rate; UDC  usual diseases of childhood uroflowmetry UDCA  ursodeoxycholic acid uFSH  urinary follicle-stimulating hormone UDE  user-defined edge UG  geometric unsharpness; urogastrone; UDF  user data file urogenital UDIR  underdose isodose range Ug  uracyl glycol UDKase  uridine diphosphate kinase UGCR  ultrasound-guided compression re- UDN  ulcerative dermal necrosis pair UDO  undetermined origin UGD  urogenital diaphragm UDP  uridine diphosphate; user datagram UGDP  University Group Diabetes Project protocol UGDV  Uasin Gishu disease virus UDPG  uridine diphosphate glucose; urine UGF  unidentified growth factor diphosphoglucose UGH  uveitis, glaucoma, hyphema [syndrome] UDPGA  uridine diphosphate–glucuronic acid UGH+  uveitis, glaucoma, hyphema plus vit- UDPGT  uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl reous hemorrhage [syndrome] transferase UGI  upper gastrointestinal UDR  user-defined region UGIH  upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage UDR-BMD  ultradistal radius bone mineral UGIS  upper gastrointestinal series density UGME  undergraduate medical education UDRP  urine diribose phosphate UGP  uridyl diphosphate glucose pyrophos- UDRV  ulcerative disease rhabdovirus phorylase UDS  ultrasound Doppler sonography; uni- UGPA  undergraduate grade-point average form data system; unscheduled DNA  UGPP  uridyl diphosphate glucose pyro- synthesis phosphorylase UDSTSS  ultradelicate split-thickness scalp UGS  urogenital sinus skin UGSV  Uganda S virus UE  uncertain etiology; under elbow; unin- UGT  uridine diphosphate–glucuronosyltrans- volved epidermis; upper esophagus; upper ferase; urogenital tract; urogenital tuberculosis extremity UH  umbilical hernia; unaffected hemi- UEA  Ulex europaeus agglutinin sphere; uncontrolled hemorrhage; unfavor- UEFFDE  upper extremity fitness for duty able histology; upper half evaluation UHC  University HealthSystem Consortium UEG  ultrasonic encephalography; unifocal UHD  universal heteroduplex generator; un- eosinophilic granuloma stable hemoglobin disease  441 UHDDS  uniform hospital discharge dataset UK in USA  Urokinase in Unstable Angina UHDRS  unified Huntington disease rating [study] scale UKM  urea kinetic modeling UHDS  uniform hospital dataset ukn  unknown UHF  ultrahigh frequency UKNCSPAIVS  United Kingdom National UHID  universal health care identifier Collaborative Study of Pulmonary Atresia UHIS  universal health care information sys- with Intact Ventricular Septum tem; university hospital information system UKPACE  United Kingdom Pacing and Car- UHL  universal hypertrichosis lanuginosa diovascular Events [study]; United Kingdom UHMM  ultrahigh-magnification mammog- Pacing and Clinical Events [study] raphy UKPDS  United Kingdom Prospective Dia- UHMW  ultrahigh molecular weight betes Study UHMWPE  ultrahigh molecular weight UKR  unicompartmental knee replacement polyethylene UKSAT  United Kingdom Small Aneurysm UHN  unreamed humeral nail Trial UHR  underlying heart rhythm UK-TIA  United Kingdom Transient Isch- UHS  uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock; uni- emic Attack [trial] versity health services UKTSSA  United Kingdom Transplant Sup- UHSC  university health services clinic port Service Authority UHT  ultrahigh temperature UL  ultrasonic; Underwriters Laboratories; UI  urinary incontinence; uroporphyrin isom- undifferentiated lymphoma; upper limb; erase; user interface upper limit; upper lobe U/I  unidentified U&L  upper and lower UIBC  unsaturated iron-binding capacity U/Ll  units per liter UIC  urinary iodine concentration ULAM  United Network for Organ Sharing UICAO  unilateral internal carotid artery oc- Liver Allocation Model clusion ULBW  ultralow birth weight UICC  International Union Against Cancer ULD  Unverricht-Lundborg disease [Fr. Union Internationale Contre le Cancer] ULDH  urinary lactate dehydrogenase UID  unique identifier; unique image identi- ULDR  ultralow dose rate fier ULF  ultralow frequency UIF  undegraded insulin factor ULL  ultra-lipo-lift UIL  user interface language ULLE  upper lid of left eye UIMS  user interface management system ULM  unprotected left main UIP  unintended pregnancy; usual interstitial ULN  upper limit of normal pneumonia uln  ulna, ulnar UIQ  upper inner quadrant ULP  ultralow profile; User Liaison Program UIR  unsolicited information retrieval ULPA  ultralow-penetration air filter UIS  utilization information service ULPE  upper lobe pulmonary edema UJT  unijunction transistor ULQ  upper left quadrant UK  unknown; uridine kinase; urinary kalli- ULR  universal leukoreduction krein; urokinase ULRE  upper lid of right eye UKA  unicompartmental knee arthroplasty ULSB  upper left sternal border UKa  urinary kallikrein ULT  ultrahigh temperature UKAEA  United Kingdom Atomic Energy ult  ultimate Authority ULTC  urban level trauma center UKase  uridine kinase ULTIMA  Unprotected Left Main Trunk In- UKCCSG  United Kingdom Children’s Can- tervention Multicenter Assessment cer Study Group ULTRA  utilizing GFX 2.5 stent in small di- UK-COMA  United Kingdom Committee on ameter arteries Medical Aspects [of food and nutrition] UltraSTAR  ultrasound structured attribute UKCSG  United Kingdom Collaborative reporting Study Group ULV  ultralow volume UKEGNS  United Kingdom Epidemiology ULvWF  unusually large von Willebrand Group for the Nutrition Society factor UKHAS  United Kingdom Heart Attack UM  movement unsharpness; ultrarapid me- Study tabolizer; unaffected male; upper motor [neu- UKHEART  United Kingdom Heart Failure ron]; uracil mustard; utilization management Evaluation and Assessment of Risk Trial uM, μM  micromole, micromolar  442 UMA  ulcerative mutilating acropathy; up- UNFPA  United Nations Population Fund right membrane assay; urinary muramidase UNG  uracil deoxyribonucleic acid glyco- activity sylase UMAV  Umatilla virus UNGASS  United Nations General Assem- Umax  maximum urinary osmolality bly Special Session [on HIV/AIDS] umb  umbilicus, umbilical UNHCR  United Nations High Commission UMBV  Umbre virus on Refugees UMC  unidimensional chromatography; uni- UniGene  Unique Human Gene Sequence versity medical center Collection UM-CIDI  University of Michigan Compos- unilat  unilateral ite International Diagnostic Interview UNIS  Urological Nursing Information Sys- UMCV-TO  ulnar motor conduction velocity tems across thoracic outlet univ  universal UMD  unmodified domain unk, unkn  unknown UMDNS  Universal Medical Device No- UNL  upper normal limit menclature System UNLS  Unified Nursing Language System UME  undergraduate medical education UNODC  United Nations Office on Drugs UMHDS  uniform minimum health dataset and Crime UMI  unrecognized myocardial infarction; UNOS  United Network for Organ Sharing urinary meconium index UNRPCA  Use of Nicardipine to Retard the UMIN  university medical information net- Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis work [trial] UMKase  uridine monophosphate kinase UNSA  Unstable Angina Study UML  unified modeling language unsat  unsatisfactory; unsaturated UMLS  Unified Medical Language System UNSCEAR  United Nations Scientific Com- UMN  upper motor neuron mittee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation UMNL  upper motor neuron lesion UNT  untreated UMNS  upper motor neuron syndrome UNTS  unilateral nevoid telangiectasia syn- UMP  uridine monophosphate drome UMPH  uridine 5′-monophosphate phospho- UNX  uninephrectomy hydrolase UO  under observation; undetermined ori- UMPK  uridine monophosphate kinase gin; urethral orifice; urinary output UMPS  uridine monophosphate synthase U/O  urinary output UMS  urethral manipulation syndrome u/o  under observation UMT  units of medical time UOP  urinary output UN  ulnar nerve; undernourished; unilateral UOQ  upper outer quadrant neglect; updraft nebulizer; urea nitrogen; uri- UOsm  urinary osmolality nary nitrogen UOV  units of variance UNa, UNa  urinary sodium UOX  urate oxidase UNAI  Uniform Needs Assessment Instru- UP  parallax unsharpness; ulcerative procti- ment tis; ultrahigh purity; unipolar; upright pos- UNAIDS  United Nations Acquired Immu- ture; ureteropelvic; uridine phosphorylase; nodeficiency Syndrome [program] uroporphyrin; urticaria pigmentosa UNASEM  Unstable Angina Study Using U/P  urine/plasma ratio Eminase uPA, u-PA  urokinase plasminogen acti­ UNAV  Una virus vator uncomp  uncompensated uPAR  urokinase-type plasminogen activa- uncond  unconditioned tor receptor UNCV  ulnar nerve conduction velocity UPase  uridine phosphorylase undet  undetermined UPC  usual provider continuity UNDP  United Nations Development Pro- UPD  ulcerative periodontal disease; unipa- gram rental disomy; urinary production UNDRO  United Nations Disaster Relief Or- UPDIC  Uppsala Prospective Diabetes Con- ganization trol [study] UNE  urinary norepinephrine UPDRS  Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating UNEP  United Nations Environmental Pro- Scale gram UPEC  uropathogenic Escherichia coli sig- UNEX  Unexplained Deaths Project nature-tagged mutagenesis A  443 UPEP  urinary protein electrophoresis; urine URG  urogastrone protein electrophoresis URI  uniform resource identifier; upper re- UPET  Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial spiratory illness; upper respiratory infection UPF  universal proximal femur [prosthesis] URISA  Urban and Regional Information UPG  uroporphyrinogen Systems Association UPGMA  unweighted pair group method URK  urokinase with averages URL  uniform resource locator; upper rate UPI  unique patient identifier; uteroplacental limit [pacemaker]; upper reference level insufficiency; uteroplacental ischemia URN  uniform resource name UPID  uniparental isodisomy U-RNA  uridylic acid–ribonucleic acid UPIF  uniform provider [electronic] inter- URO  urology; uroporphyrin; uroporphyrin- change format ogen; utilization review organization UPIN  universal physician identifier number UROD  ultrarapid opioid detoxification; uro- UPJ  ureteropelvic junction porphyrinogen decarboxylase UPJO  ureteropelvic junction obstruction URO-GEN  urogenital UPL  unusual position of limbs Urol  urologist, urology UPLN  upper limit of normal UROS  uroporphyrinogen synthase UPOV  Upolu virus URQ  upper right quadrant UPP  urethral pressure profile URR  upstream regulatory region UPPP  uvulopalatopharyngoplasty URS  ultrasonic renal scanning; upstream UPPRA  upright peripheral plasma renin ac- repressing sequence tivity URSB  upper right sternal border UPS  ultraviolet photoelectron spectros- UR2SV  UR2 sarcoma virus copy; uninterruptible power supply; uropor- URT  upper respiratory tract phyrinogen synthetase; uterine progesterone  URTI  upper respiratory tract infection system URUV  Urucuri virus UPSC  uterine papillary serous carcinoma URVD  unilateral renovascular disease UPSIT  University of Pennsylvania Smell US  screen unsharpness; ultrasonic, ultraso- Identification Test nography, ultrasound; unconditioned stimu- UPSIZE  Ultrasound-Controlled Percutane- lus; unique sequence; unit separator; upper ous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty with segment; upper strength; urinary sugar; Optional Balloon Size [study] Usher syndrome UpU  uridyl (3′-5′) uridine US1  Usher syndrome type I UQ  ubiquinone; upper quadrant US1A  Usher syndrome type IA UQAC  unit quality assurance committee US1B  Usher syndrome type IB UQCRC  ubiquinol-cytochrome Creductase US1C  Usher syndrome type IC core US2  Usher syndrome type II UQL  unacceptable quality level US2A  Usher syndrome type IIA UQS  upper quadrant syndrome US2B  Usher syndrome type IIB UR  unconditioned reflex; upper respira- US3  Usher syndrome type III tory; uridine; urinal; urology; utilization  US4  Usher syndrome type IV review u/s  ultrasonic; ultrasound Ur  urea; urinary, urine USAID  United States Agency for Interna- URA  unilateral renal agenesis tional Development URA, Ura  uracil USAN  United States Adopted Name URAC  American Accreditation Health Care USAR  urban search and rescue Commission; Utilization Review Accredita- USASI  United States of America Standards tion Commission Institute URALMI  Urokinase and Alteplase in Myo- USAT  ultrasmall aperture terminal cardial Infarction [study] USB  upper sternal border URC  upper rib cage; utilization review com- USBS  United States Bureau of Standards mittee USCA  ultrasound contrast agent URD  unrelated donor; unspecified respira- USCG  ultrasonic cardiography tory disease; upper respiratory disease USCR  universal self-care requisites Urd  uridine USCT  ultrasound computed tomography ureth  urethra USD  United States Dispensary URF  unidentified reading frame; unique re- USDA  United States Department of Agri- combinant form; uterine relaxing factor culture  444 USDHEW  United States Department of USPTA  United States Physical Therapy As- Health, Education, and Welfare sociation USDHHS  United States Department of USR  unheated serum reagin Health and Human Services USRDS  United States Renal Data System USE  ultrasonic echography USS  ultrasound scanning; universal spine USEIR  United States Eye Injury Registry system; user support system USF  upstream stimulatory factor USUV  Usutu virus USFA  United States Fire Administration USVMD  urine specimen volume measuring USFAE  ultrasonic superficial femoral artery device endarterectomy USW  ultrashort waves USFMG  United States foreign medical UT  total unsharpness; Ullrich-Turner [syn- graduate drome]; Unna-Thost [syndrome]; untested; USFMS  United States foreign medical untreated; urinary tract; urticaria student uT  unbound testosterone USG  ultrasonography; user semantic group UTBG  unbound thyroxine-binding globulin USH  Usher syndrome UTC  ultrasonic tissue characterization; upper USH1  Usher syndrome type 1 thoracic compression USH1A  Usher syndrome type 1A UTD  up to date USH1B  Usher syndrome type 1B UT-ETT  ultrathin endotracheal tube USH1C  Usher syndrome type 1C UTI  urinary tract infection; urinary trypsin USH2  Usher syndrome type 2 inhibitor USH2A  Usher syndrome type 2A util rev  utilization review USH2B  Usher syndrome type 2B UTIV  Utinga virus USH3  Usher syndrome type 3 UTO  upper tibial osteotomy; urinary tract USH4  Usher syndrome type 4 obstruction US+HC  ultrasound-driven hydrocortisone UTOPIA  Utilization of Platelet Inhibition in USHL  United States Hygienic Laboratory Angina [trial] USI  universal serial interface; urinary stress UTP  unilateral tension pneumothorax; un- incontinence shielded twisted pair; uridine triphosphate USIMG  United States [citizen] international UTR  untranslated region medical school graduate UTS  Ullrich-Turner syndrome; ulnar tunnel USL  ultrasound lithotripsy syndrome; ultimate tensile strength US/LS  upper strength/lower strength ratio UTTS-ETT  two-stage ultrathin-walled endo- USMG  United States or Canada medical tracheal tube school graduate UTZ  ultrasound USMLE  United States Medical Licensing UU  urinary urea; urine urobilinogen Examination UUID  universal unique identifier USN  ultrasonic nebulizer; unilateral spatial UUKV  Uukuniemi virus neglect UUN  urinary urea nitrogen USNCHS  United States National Center for UUO  unilateral urethral obstruction Health Statistics UUP  urinary uroporphyrin USNRP  United States National Reference uUTI  uncomplicated urinary tract infection Preparation UV  ultraviolet; umbilical vein; Uppsala USO  unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy virus; ureterovesical; urinary volume USP  ultrasound-guided puncture; United UVA  ultraviolet A; ultraviolet germicidal ir- States Pharmacopeia radiation; ureterovesical angle US+P  ultrasound and placebo UV-A  ultraviolet A USPC  United States Pharmacopeia Conven- UVAL-MED  universal visual associative tion language for medicine USPDI  United States Pharmacopeia Drug UVB, UV-B  ultraviolet B Information UVC  Ullucus virus C; ultraviolet C; umbili- USPET  Urokinase Streptokinase Pulmonary cal venous catheter Embolism Trial UV-C  ultraviolet C USPHS  United States Public Health Ser- UVEB  unifocal ventricular ectopic beat vice; United States Physicians’ Health Study UVER  ultraviolet-enhanced reactivation USPIO  ultrasmall particle superparamag- UVGI  ultraviolet germicidal irradiation netic iron oxide UVI  ultraviolet irradiation USPSTF  United States Preventive Services UVJ  ureterovesical junction Task Force UVL  ultraviolet light  445 UVO  uvomorulin UWD  Urbach-Wiethe disease UVP  ultraviolet photometry UWSC  unstimulated whole saliva collection UVR  ultraviolet radiation UWW  underwater weight UVV  Utive virus UX  uranium X, proactinium UW  unilateral weakness UYP  upper yield point UWB  unit of whole blood  446 VACA  Valvuloplasty and Angioplasty of V Congenital Anomalies [registry] VAcc  visual acuity with correction vacc  vaccination VACO  Veterans Affairs Central Office VACS  Veterans Administration Cooperative Study V  coefficient of variation; electrical poten- VACSDM  Veterans Affairs Cooperative tial [volts]; a logical binary relation that is Study on Glycemic Control and Complica- true if any argument is true and false other- tions in Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes wise; luminous efficiency; potential; poten- Mellitus tial energy; unipolar chest lead [ECG]; VACT  Veterans Administration Cooperative vaccinated, vaccine; vagina; valine; valve; Trial vanadium; variable, variation; varnish; vec- VACTERL  vertebral abnormalities, anal tor; vegetarian; vein; velocity; venom, ven- atresia, cardiac abnormalities, tracheoesoph- omous; venous; venous tumor invasion; ageal fistula and/or esophageal atresia, renal ventilation; ventricle; ventricular; verbal agenesis and dysplasia, and limb defects [as- comprehension; vertebra; vertex; vertex sociation] sharp transient [EEG]; vestibular; Vibrio; VACV  vaccinia virus vincristine; violet; viral; virion; virulence; VAD  venous access device; ventricular virus; vision; visual acuity; voice; volt; volt- assist device; vinblastine and dexametha- age; volume; vomiting sone; virus-adjusting diluent; vitamin A defi- V0  no evidence of venous [tumor] invasion ciency V0.5  midpoint voltage VaD  vascular dementia V1  primary visual area; venous [tumor] in- VADD  vitamin A deficiency disorder vasion assessed VAE  venous air emboli; vertical attachment V1  mean flow velocity energy V1 to V6  ventral 1 to ventral 6 [chest leads VA-ECMO  venoarterial extracorporeal mem- in ECG] brane oxygenation v  rate of reaction catalyzed by an enzyme; VAEG  visual and auditory environment specific volume; valve; vein; velocity; ve- generator nous; ventricular; versus; very; virus; vision; VAERS  Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting volt; volume System VA  alveolar ventilation; vacuum aspira- VAEV  Vearoy virus tion; valproic acid; vasodilator agent; ven- VAF  viral-free antigen tricular aneurysm; ventricular arrhythmia; VAFC  vacuum-assisted fascial closure ventriculoatrial; ventroanterior; Veterans VAG  vibroarthrography Administration; Veterans Affairs; vincristine, vag  vagina, vaginal, vaginitis Adriamycin; viral antigen; visual acuity; vi- VAG HYST  vaginal hysterectomy sual aid; visual axis; volt-ampere; volume VAH  vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis; average Veterans Affairs Hospital; virilizing adrenal VA  alveolar ventilation hyperplasia V/A  volt/ampere VA-HIT  Veterans Affairs High-Density Li- V-A  venoarterial poprotein Intervention Trial Va  activated factor V VAHS  virus-associated hemophagocytic Va  alveolar ventilation syndrome va  volt-ampere VAIN  vaginal intraepithelial neoplasm VAAE  vaccine-associated adverse events Vak  atrial volume constant VAB  vincristine, actinomycin D, and bleo- VAL  valproate mycin; violent antisocial behavior Val  valine VAB-6  vincristine, actinomycin, bleomy- val  valine; valve cin, cisplatin, Cytoxan VALE  visual acuity, left eye VABP  venoarterial bypass pumping; venti- Val-HeFT  Valsartan-Heart Failure Trial lator-associated bacterial pneumonia VALIANT  Valsartan in Acute Myocardial VABS  Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Infarction [study] VAC  vacuum-assisted closure; ventricu- VALID  Velocity Assessment for Lesions of loatrial conduction; vincristine, doxorubicin, Intermediate Severity [trial] and cyclophosphamide; virus capsid antigen VALID II  Velocity Assessment for Lesions vac  vacuum of Indeterminate Severity [trial]  447 ValRS  valyl ribonucleic acid synthetase VASP  vasodilator-stimulated phosphopro- VALUE  Valsartan Antihypertensive Long- tein Term Use Evaluation VASPNAF  Veterans Administration Stroke VAM  ventricular arrhythmia monitor; vir- Prevention in Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrilla- tual archive manager tion [study] VAMC  Veterans Affairs Medical Center VAS RAD  vascular radiology VAMCS  Veterans Affairs Medical Center VAST  visual analysis systems technology Score VAST/STT  visual analysis systems technol- VAMP  venous arterial blood management ogy/space-time toolkit protection [system]; vincristine, amethopter- VAT  variable antigen type; vasoocclusive ine, 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisone angiotherapy; ventricular accommodation VAN  value-added network; vein, artery, test; ventricular activation time; vesicular nerve amine transformer; video-assisted thora- VANQWISH  Veterans Affairs Non-Q-Wave coscopy; visceral adipose tissue; visual Infarction Strategies In-Hospital [study] action therapy; visual action time; visual VAP  vaginal acid phosphatase; variant an- apperception test; vocational apperception  gina pectoris; venous access port; ventilator- test associated pneumonia; virulence-attenuated VATER  vertebral defects, imperforate anus, pool tracheoesophageal fistula, and radial and vap  vapor renal dysplasia [association] VAPP  vaccine-associated paralytic polio- v-ATPase  vascular adenosine triphospha- myelitis tase VAPS  visual analog pain score VATS  Veterans Administration medical cen- VAPSE  variation affecting protein structure ter transference syndrome; video-assisted or expression thoracic surgery VAPSHCS  Veterans Affairs Puget Sound VATs  surface variable antigen Health Care System VATT  vascular anatomy teaching tool Va/Q  alveolar ventilation/perfusion ratio VAV  variable air volume VA/QC  ventilation/perfusion ratio VAWC  vacuum-assisted wound closure VAR  vector autoregressive [model algo- VB  vaginal bulb; valence bond; venous rithm]; venoarteriolar reflex; visual-auditory blood; ventrobasal; veronal buffer; vertebro- range basilar; viable birth; vinblastine; virus buffer; Var  variable; variant, variation, variety; voided bladder varicella Vb  vinblastine var  variable; variant, variation, variety; VBAC  vaginal birth after cesarean section varicose VBAIN  vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency VARE  visual acuity, right eye nystagmus VARETA  variable-resolution electromag- VBAS  ViewSite Brain Access System netic tomography VBC  vincristine, bleomycin, and cisplatin; VA RNA  virus-associated ribonucleic acid visualization in biomedical computing; volu- VARPRO  variable projection metric-based capnometry VARS  valyl-transfer ribonucleic acid syn- VBD  vanishing bile duct; veronal-buffered thetase diluent VARV  variola virus VBE  visualized bronchus endoscope VAS  vagal afferents; vascular; vascular VBF  variable bandwidth filter access service; ventricular assist system; VBG  vagotomy and Billroth gastroenteros- ventriculoatrial shunt; Verapamil Angioplas- tomy; venous blood gases; venous bypass ty Study; vesicle attachment site; vestibular graft; vertical-banded gastroplasty aqueduct syndrome; Veterans Adjustment VBI  ventral blood island; vertebrobasilar in- Scale; vibroacoustic stimulation; video- sufficiency; vertebrobasilar ischemia assisted surgery; viral arthritis syndrome; VBL  vinblastine visual analog scale VBM  voxel-based morphometry VASC  vascular; Verbal Auditory Screening VbMF  vinblastine, methotrexate, 5-fluoro- for Children; visual-auditory screening uracil VAsc  visual acuity without correction VBNC  viable but nonculturable [microor- vasc  vascular ganism] VASD  Vascular Access Service Database vBNS  very-high-bandwidth network ser- VASER  Vibration Amplification of Sound vice; very-high-performance backbone net- Energy at Resonance [study] work service  448 VBOS  veronal-buffered oxalated saline VCN  vancomycin, colistomethane, and ny- VBP  vagal body paraganglia; venous blood statin; Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase pressure; ventricular premature beat VCO  endogenous production of carbon VBR  ventricular brain ratio; vertebral body monoxide; voltage-controlled oscillator replacement; vertebral body repositioning; VCO  endogenous production of carbon mon- voxel-based relaxometry oxide VBS  veronal-buffered saline; vertebrobasi- VCO2  carbon dioxide elimination rate; car- lar system bon dioxide output VBS:FBS  veronal-buffered saline–fetal bo- VCO2  carbon dioxide output vine serum VCP  vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and VBT  vascular brachytherapy prednisone VBWG  Vascular Biology Working Group VCR  vasoconstriction rate; vincristine; vol- VBX  visual basic controls ume clearance rate VC  color vision; variance cardiography; VCRS  virtual center for renal support; vol- variation coefficient; vascular changes; vaso- untary cardiorespiratory synchronization constriction; vena cava; venereal case; ve- VCS  vasoconstrictor substance; vesicocervi- nous capacitance; ventilatory capacity; cal space; virtual chart system ventral column; ventricular contraction; ver- VCSA  viral cell surface antigen tebral canal; Veterinary Corps; videocassette; VCSF  ventricular cerebrospinal fluid video conference; vincristine; vinyl chloride; VCT  venous clotting time; volume comput- virtual coloscopy; virus C; visual capacity; ed tomography; voluntary counseling and visual cortex; vital capacity; vocal cord testing V/C  ventilation/circulation ratio VCU  video conference unit; videocystoure- Vc  vital capacity thrography; voiding cystourethrogram, void- Vc  volume of [central] compartment ing cystourethrography vc  verbal cues VCUG  vesicoureterogram; voiding cysto- VCA  vancomycin, colistin, and anisomycin; urethrogram viral capsid antigen VCV  vein chlorosis virus; vein clearing VCAM  vascular cell adhesion molecule virus VCAP  vincristine, cyclophosphamide, Adri- VD  vapor density; vascular disease; vasodi- amycin, and prednisone lation, vasodilator; venereal disease; venous VCB  ventricular capture beat dilation; ventricular dilator; ventrodorsal; vCBF  venous cerebral blood flow verbal dysphasia; vertical deviation; vertical VCC  vasoconstrictor center; ventral cell col- divergence; video disk; viral diarrhea; void- umn ed; volume of dead space; volume of distri- VC-CFMV  volume-controlled constant-flow bution mechanical ventilation V&D  vomiting and diarrhea VCD  Van Capelle–Durrer [model]; vibra- VD  dead space; volume of distribution tional circular dichroism Vd  value of [drug] distribution; viroid; VCE  vagina, ectocervix, and endocervix; voided, voiding; volume of dead space; vol- videocapsule endoscopy ume of distribution VCF  velocardiofacial [syndrome]; velocity Vd  apparent volume of distribution of circumferential fiber [lengthening]; ven- V   dead space D tricular contractility function VDA  vascular disrupting agent; virtual VCFG  volume-cycled flow generator DNA analysis; visual discriminatory acuity VCFmin  minimum velocity of circumferen- VDAC  voltage-dependent anion channel tial fiber [lengthening] VDB  virtual database VCFS  velocardiofacial syndrome VdB  van der Bergh [test] VCG  vectorcardiogram, vectorcardiography; VDBR  volume of distribution of bilirubin voiding cystourethrography; volumetric car- VDC  vasodilator center diogram VDCC  voltage-dependent calcium channel VCHS  Virginia Center for Health Statistics VDD  atrial synchronous ventricular inhibit- VCL  vinculin; visual concept library; Vox- ed [pacemaker]; vitamin D dependent tool Command Language VDDR  vitamin D–dependent rickets VCM  vinyl chloride monomer VDE  vertical detachment energy VcM  volume of [central] compartment for VDEL  Venereal Disease Experimental Labo- metabolite ratory VCMP  vincristine, cyclophosphamide, mel- VDEM  vasodepressor material phalan, and prednisone VDF  ventricular diastolic fragmentation  449 VDG, VD-G  venereal disease–gonorrhea display [system]; vital exhaustion and de- vdg  voiding pression VDH  valvular disease of the heart VEE  vagina, ectocervix, and endocervix; VDI  venous distensibility index; virtual Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis desktop infrastructure; virus defective inter- VEEV  Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus fering [particle] VEF  ventricular ejection fraction; visually Vdia  diastolic potential evoked field VDL  vasodepressor lipid; visual detection VEG  vegetation; von Egner gland level VEGAS  Vein Graft Angiojet Study; ven- VDM  vasodepressor material tricular enlargement with gait apraxia syn- vDOC  virtual distributed online clinic drome VDP  ventricular premature depolarization VEGF  vascular endothelial growth factor VDPV  vaccine-derived poliovirus VEGF-A  vascular endothelial growth factor VDR  venous diameter ratio; vitamin D re- type A ceptor VEGP  von Ebner gland protein VDRG  vitamin D receptor gene vehic  vehicle VDRL  Venereal Disease Research Labora- VEI  volume [lung] at the end of inspiration tory [syphilis test] VEID  Vein Entry Indicator Device VDRR  vitamin D–resistant rickets VEINES  Venous Insufficiency Epidemio- VDRT  venereal disease reference test logic and Economic Study VDS  vasodilator substance; vindesine vel, veloc  velocity VDS, VD-S  venereal disease–syphilis VELV  Vellore virus VDT  vector distance transform; vibration VEM  vasoexcitor material disappearance threshold; visual display ter- VEMR  virtual electronic medical record minal; visual distortion test VENC  velocity encoding VDU  video display unit vent  ventilation; ventral; ventricle, ventricular VDV  ventricular end-diastolic volume vent fib  ventricular fibrillation VD/VT  dead space/tidal volume ratio ventric  ventricle Vd/Vt  dead space ventilation/total ventila- VENUS  Very Early Nimodipine Use in tion ratio Stroke [trial] VDWS  Van der Woude syndrome VEP  visual evoked potential VE  vaccine effectiveness; vaginal examina- VEPID  video-based electronic portal imag- tion; valve equivalent [mechanical]; vascular ing device endothelial; Venezuelan encephalitis; venous VEPT  volume of electrically participating emptying; venous extension; ventilation; thoracic tissue ventilatory equivalent; ventricular elasticity; VEPTR  vertical expandable prosthetic tita- ventricular extrasystole; vertex; vesicular nium rib exanthema; viral encephalitis; virtual endos- VER  ventricular evoked response; visual copy; virtual environment; visual efficien- evoked response cy; vitamin E; volume ejection; voluntary  Verc  vervet kidney cells effort VERDI  Verapamil vs. Diuretics [trial] V&E  vinyl and ether (Vinethene) VERDICT  Verapamil Digoxin Cardioversion VE  environmental variance; respiratory min- Trial; Veterans Evidence-Based Research, ute volume Dissemination, and Implementation Center V   minute ventilation VERP  visual event-related potential E Ve  ventilation vert  vertebra, vertebral Ve  volume of effect compartment VES  virtual endoscope system; viscoelastic VEA  ventricular ectopic activity; ventricular substance ectopic arrhythmia; viral envelope antigen ves  bladder [Lat. vesica]; vesicular; vessel VEB  ventricular ectopic beat VESA  virtual endoscopy software applica- VEC  velocity encoding cine; virtual environ- tion ment control vesic  blister [Lat. vesicula] VEcad  vascular endothelial cadherin VEST  Vesnarinone Trial VECG  vector electrocardiogram vest  vestibular VEC-MR  velocity encoded cine–magnetic ves ur  urinary bladder [Lat. vesica urinaria] resonance VET  ventricular ejection time; vestigial VECP  visually evoked cortical potential testis VED  vacuum erection device; ventricular Vet  veteran; veterinarian, veterinary ectopic depolarization; virtual environment VETF  vaccinia early transcription factor  450 VetMB  Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine VH  variable domain of heavy chain; variable Vet Med  veterinary medicine heavy chain VETS  Veterinary Expert Technology System Vh  volt-hours Vet Sci  veterinary science VHA  Veterans Health Administration; Vol- VEUD  virtual emergency and urgency de- untary Hospital Association partment V/Hallu  visual hallucinations VF  left leg [electrode]; ventricular fibrilla- VHAS  Verapamil in Hypertension Athero- tion; ventricular fluid; ventricular flutter; sclerosis Study ventricular function; videofluorography; vi- VHCD  virtual health care databank rologic failure; visual field; vitreous fluoro- VHD  valvular heart disease; viral hematode- photometry; vocal fremitus pressive disease; Visible Human Dataset Vf  visual frequency VHDL  very-high-density lipoprotein Vf  final voltage; variant frequency V-HeFT  Vasodilator Heart Failure Trial; vf  visual field Veterans Administration Heart Failure Trial VFA  volatile fatty acid VHEV  Vilyuisk human encephalomyelitis VFC  vaccine for children; ventricular func- virus tion curve VHF  very high frequency; viral hemorrhag- VFD  vacuum fluorescent display; visual ic fever; visual half-field feedback display; visual field defect VH-IVUS  virtual histology intravascular ul- VFDP  variant familial developmental pat- trasound tern VHL  Virtual Health Library; von Hippel– VFI  vascularization flow index; venous fill- Lindau [disease] ing index; visual field intact VHN  Vickers hardness number V fib  ventricular fibrillation VHP  vaporized hydrogen peroxide; Visible VFID  virtual focus isocenter distance Human Project VFL  ventricular flutter VHR  ventricular heart rate VFOS  vector fast orthogonal search VHS  Veterans Health Study VFP  ventricular filling pressure; ventricular VHS&RA  Veterans Health Service and Re- fluid pressure; vocal fold pathology search Administration VFR  visiting friends and relatives; voiding VHSV  viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus flow rate VI  vaginal irrigation; variable interval; vas- VFS  vascular fragility syndrome; very fast cularization index; vastus intermedius; venti- sedimentation; visual file system lation index; virgo intacta; virtual document; VFT  venous filling time; ventricular fibrilla- virulence, virulent; viscosity index; visual tion threshold impairment; visual inspection; vitality index; VF/VT  ventricular fibrillation/ventricular volume index tachycardia VI  initial voltage VG  van Gieson [stain]; ventricular gallop; Vi  virulence, virulent volume of gas VIA  virus inactivating agent; virus infection- VG  genetic variance associated antigen; visual inspection with VGA  video graphics array acetic acid VGAS  visual grading analysis score VIB  viral inclusion body VGAT  vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid vib  vibration transporter VIBE  volumetric interpolated breath-hold VGB  vigabatrin examination VGCC  voltage-gated calcium channels vib & perc  vibration and percussion VGH  very good health VIC  valvular interstitial cell; variable imped- vGI  ventral giant interneuron ance characterization; vasoinhibitory center; VGKC  voltage-gated potassium channels virtual information center; visual communi- VGLUT  vesicular glutamate transporter cation therapy; voice intensity control VGM  venous graft myringoplasty VICP  Vaccine Injury Compensation Pro- VGP  viral glycoprotein gram VGPO  volume-guaranteed pressure options VICTOR  Vioxx in Colorectal Cancer Thera- [ventilation] py: Definition of Optimal Regime [trial] VGS  video game–induced seizures VI-CTS  vibration-induced carpal tunnel syn- VH  vaginal hysterectomy; venous hemato- drome crit; ventral hippocampus; ventricular hyper- VID  visible iris diameter trophy; veterans hospital; viral hepatitis; VIDA  viability identification with dipyri- virtual hospital; Visible Human [project] damole-dobutamine administration  451 VIDE  Virus Identification Data Exchange irritation syndrome; visible; visual informa- VIDERO  virtual delivery room tion storage VIDRL  Victorian Infectious Diseases Refer- vis  vision, visual ence Laboratory VISA  vancomycin-intermediate Staphylo- VIF  variance inflation factor; virus-induced coccus aureus interferon VISC  vitreous infusion suction cutter VIG, VIg  vaccinia immune globulin; vac- visc  viscera, visceral; viscosity cinia immunoglobulin VISI  volar intercalated segment instability VIGIM  intravascular vaccinia immuno­ VISIR  Verification and Information System globulin in Radiology VIGIV  intravenous vaccinia immuno­ VISN  veterans Integrated Service Network globulin VISNA  visna-maedi virus VIGOUR  Virtual Coordinating Center for VISP  Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Pre- Global Collaborative Cardiovascular Re- vention [trial] search Vit  vitamin VIGRE  velocity imaging with gradient- vit  vital recalled echos VITA  Vicenza Thrombophilia and Athero- VIIag  factor VII antigen sclerosis Project VIIIAGN  factor VIII antigen VITALS  vital indicators of teaching and VIIIc  factor VIII clotting activity learning success VIIIvwf  von Willebrand factor vit cap  vital capacity VIL  villin VIVAS  Vaccination Information Vaccina- VILI  ventilator-induced lung injury tion Administration System VIM  video-intensification microscopy; vi- VIVIAN  virtual intracranial visualization mentin and navigation VIN  vulvar intraepithelial neoplasm VJ  ventriculojugular vin  vinyl VJC  ventriculojugular cardiac VINDICATE  vascular, inflammatory/infec- VK  vervet kidney [cells] tious, neoplastic/neurologic/psychiatric, de- VKC  vernal keratoconjunctivitis generative/dietary, intoxication/idiopathic/ VKG  videokymography iatrogenic, congenital, allergic/autoimmune, VKH, VKHS  Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada [syn- trauma, endocrine/metabolic [mnemonic] drome] VINV  Vinces virus VL  left arm [electrode]; vastus lateralis; ven- VIP  vaccine information pamphlet; vasoac- tralis lateralis; ventrolateral; viral load; vis- tive intestinal peptide; vasoinhibitory pep- ceral leishmaniasis; vision, left [eye] tide; venous impedance plethysmography; VL  lung volume; variable domain of the light ventricular inotropic parameter; Viability Im- chain; variable light chain pact on Prognosis [study]; video interface VLA  very late activation; viruslike agent processor; voluntary interruption of preg- VLAB, VLA-β  very late activation protein nancy beta vip  vegetative insecticidal enterotoxin V LACT  venous lactate VIPERS  virtual intelligent patient electronic VLAN  virtual online area network record system VLAS  vector least squares VIPoma  vasoactive intestinal polypeptide– VLB  vinblastine; vincaleukoblastine secreting tumor VLBR  very low birth rate VIPOR  Vermont Integrated Problem Ori- VLBW  very low birth weight ented Record VLC  variable length coding VIQ  Verbal Intelligence Quotient VLCAD  very long chain acyl-coenzyme A vIQ  virtual inhibitory quotient dehydrogenase VIR  virology VLCD  very low calorie diet Vir  virus, viral VLCFA  very long chain fatty acid vir  virulent VLD  very low density; volume limiter disk Virahep-C  Viral Resistance to Antiviral VLDL, VLDLP  very-low-density lipoprotein Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis C [study] VLDLR  very-low-density lipoprotein re­ VIRTUOS  virtual radiotherapy simulation ceptor and verification VLDL-TG  very-low-density lipoprotein–tri- VIS  vaccine information statement; vaginal glyceride complex irrigation smear; value-intensity-strength; VLES  volume of lesion venous insufficiency syndrome; vertebral VLF  very low frequency  452 VLG  ventral nucleus of the lateral geniculate VMRS  Vermont Medical Record System body VMS  virtual medical school; virtual memo- VLH  ventrolateral nucleus of the hypothala- ry system; visual memory span mus VMST  visual motor sequencing test VLIA  viruslike infectious agent VMT  vasomotor tonus; ventilatory muscle VLIS  Virtual Laboratory Information System training; ventromedial tegmentum VLM  ventrolateral medulla; visceral larva Vm(t)  time-averaged membrane potential migrans Vm(x,t)  absolute transmembrane potential VLO  vastus lateralis obliquus VN  vesical neck; vestibular nucleus; virus VLP  vincristine, L-asparaginase, and predni- neutralization; visceral nucleus; visiting sone; viruslike particle nurse; vitronectin; vocational nurse; vomero- VLp  viruslike particle nasal VLPA  ventrolateral pressure area VNA  Visiting Nurse Association VLR  vinleurosine VNAA  Visiting Nurse Associations of VLS  vascular leak syndrome; visible light America spectroscopy VNDPT  visual numerical discrimination VLSI  very-large-scale integration pretest VLTF  vaccinia late transcription factor VNO  vomeronasal organ VM  Valsalva maneuver; vasomotor; ven- VNQ  variable N-Quoit filter [imaging] tilator management; ventralis medialus; VNR  vitronectin receptor ventricular mass; ventriculomegaly; ven- VNRA  vitronectin receptor alpha triculometry; ventromedial; vestibular mem- VNS  vagal nerve stimulation; virtual note- brane; video microscopy; viomycin; viral book system; visiting nursing service myocarditis; voltmeter VNTR  variable number of tandem repeats; V/m  volts per meter variable copy number tandem repeats Vm  membrane potential; maximum velocity; VO  verbal order; volume overload; volun- muscle volume tary opening VMA  vanillylmandelic acid; vastus media- Vo  standard volume; vascular volume lis advancement; ventilator management ad- VO  rest volume visor; vitreomacular adhesion VO2, VO2  volume of oxygen utilization VMAC  Vasodilatation in the Management VOC  vasoocclusive crisis; volatile organic of Acute Congestive Heart Failure [trial] compound VMAP, Vmap  velocity mapping VOCC  voltage-operated calcium channel VMAT  vesicular monoamine transformer VOD  venoocclusive disease; video on de- Vmax  maximum velocity mand Vmax  maximum volume VOI  value of information; volume of inter- VMC  vasomotor center est VMCG  vector magnetocardiogram VO2I  volume of oxygen utilization index VMCHN  Victorian Maternal and Child VoIP  voice over Internet protocol Health Nurses vol  volar; volatile; volume; voluntary, vol- VMD  Doctor of Veterinary Medicine; vir- unteer tual medical device; vitelliform macular dys- VOM  volt-ohm-milliammeter trophy  VO Max, VO    maximum volume 2 2max VMDS  virtual medical device system of oxygen utilization vMDV  virulent Marek disease virus VON  Victorian Order of Nurses VME  Volunteers for Medical Engineering v-onc  viral oncogene VMF  vasomotor flushing VOO  ventricular asynchronous [pacemak- VMGT  Visual Motor Gestalt Test er] VMH  ventromedial hypothalamus vOOMM  visual object-oriented matrix VMI, VMIT  visual-motor integration test model VML  vector markup language; ventriculo- VOP  vasoocclusive pain; venous occlusion megaly plethysmography VMLS  virtual medical library system VOPS  vector optimal parameter search [al- VMN  ventromedial nucleus gorithm] VMO  vastus medialis obliquus; visiting VOR  vestibuloocular reflex; volume of regret medical officer VORd  vestibuloocular reflex in darkness VMP  virtual machine platform VORe  vestibuloocular reflex enhancement VMR  vasomotor rhinitis VORs  vestibuloocular reflex suppression  453 VOS  videothoracoscopic operator staging; VPRBC  volume of packed red blood cells vision, left eye [Lat. visio, oculus sinister] VPRC  volume of packed red cells VOT  voice onset time VPRS  variable precision rough set [model] VOTE  Value of Transesophageal Echocar- VPS  Vasovagal Pacemaker Study; ventricu- diography [study] loperitoneal shunt; verbal pain scale; virtual VP  physiologic volume; vapor pressure; point source; visual pleural space; volume Varadi-Papp [orofaciodigital syndrome]; var- performance standard iegate porphyria; vascular permeability; va- vps  vibrations per second sopressin; velopharyngeal; venipuncture; VPT  vibratory perception threshold venous pressure; ventricular pacing; ven- VQ  vector quantization tricular pericardium; ventricular premature V /Q   ventilation/perfusion ratio [beat]; ventroposterior; VePesid; verbal para- VQE  visa qualifying examination phrasia; vertex potential; vestibular papillae; VQI  ventilation-perfusion index vincristine and prednisone; virion protein; V-QRS  QRS ventricular potential visual presentation; Voges-Proskauer [medi- 2VR  double valve replacement um, test]; voiding pressure; volume-pressure; VR  right arm [electrode]; Valsalva ratio; valve vulnerable period replacement; valvular regurgitation; vanilloid V/P  ventilation/perfusion ratio receptor; variable rate; variable ratio; vari- V&P  vagotomy and pyloroplasty able region; vascular resistance; vasopressin Vp  paced ventricular output; peak velocity; receptor; venous flow reversal; venous reflux; peak voltage; phenotype variance; plasma venous resistance; venous return; ventilation volume; ventricular premature [beat] rate; ventilation ratio; ventral root; ventricular vp  vapor pressure rale; ventricular response; ventricular rhythm; VPA  valproic acid vesicular rosette; virtual reality; vision, right VPAP  variable positive airway pressure [eye]; vital records; vocal resonance; voca- VPB  ventricular premature beat tional rehabilitation; volume ratio; volume VPC  vapor-phase chromatography; ven- regulation; volume rendering tricular premature complex; ventricular pre- Vr  relaxation volume mature contraction; volume-packed cells; V2R  vasopressin 2 receptor [AVPR gene] volume percent VRA  visual reinforcement audiometry VPCT  ventricular premature contraction VRBC  red blood cell volume threshold VRC  Vaccine Research Center; venous renin VPD  vaccine-preventable disease; ventricu- concentration lar premature depolarization VRCP  vitreoretinochoroidopathy VPF  vascular permeability factor VRD  vascular reconstruction device; ven- VPFRU  vapor-protective, flame-resistant tricular radial dysplasia; viral reference divi- undergarment sion VPG  velopharyngeal gap VRE  vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus VPg  genome-linked protein VR&E  vocational rehabilitation and educa- VPGSS  venous pressure gradient support tion stockings VREF  vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus VPI  vapor phase inhibitor; velopharyngeal faecium insufficiency Vrest  resting potential VPL  ventroposterolateral; vertical partial VRI  viral respiratory infection; virtual real- laryngectomy ity imaging VPM  ventilator pressure manometer; ven- VRL  lumbar ventral root; vanilloid receptor- troposteromedial like [protein]; Virus Reference Laboratory vpm  vibrations per minute VRML  Virtual Reality Modeling Language VPN  ventral pontine nucleus; virtual private VRNA  viral ribonucleic acid network VRNI  neovascular inflammatory vitreoreti- VPO  velopharyngeal opening; vertical pen- nopathy dular oscillation VROM  voluntary range of motion VPP  Vaccine Provision Project; vacuolar VRP  ventral root potential; ventricular re- proton pump; viral porcine pneumonia fractory period VPR  vascular permeability reaction; ven- VRPV  vaccine-related poliovirus tricular paced rhythm; virtual patient record; VRR  ventral root reflex Voges-Proskauer reaction; volume/pressure VRS  verbal rating scale; Virchow-Robin ratio space  454 VRSA  vancomycin-resistant Staphylococ- v-STM  vaginal specimen transport medium cus aureus VSV  vesicular stomatitis virus VRT  vehicle rescue technician; virtual real- VSV-G  G protein of gibbon ape leukemia ity therapy; volume ray tracing; volume- virus rendering technique VSW  ventricular stroke work VRV  ventricular residual volume; viper ret- VT  tetrazolium violet; tidal volume; total rovirus; Virgin River virus ventilation; vacuum tube; vacuum tubercu- VRX  variable resolution x-ray lin; vasotonin; velocity of tension; venous VS  vaccination scar; vaccine serotype; vagal thrombosis; ventricular tachyarrhythmia; stimulation; vascular surgeon; vasospasm; ventricular tachycardia; verocytotoxin; vero- venesection; ventricular septum; verapamil toxin; vibration threshold; vitronectin shock; verification/recording system; vesicu- VT  tidal volume; T-lymphocyte antigen re- lar stomatitis; veterinary surgeon; vibration ceptor variable region; total ventilation syndrome; virtual simulator; visual storage; +VT  maximum velocity of tension vital sign; Vogt-Spielmeyer [disease]; vola- −VT  decline in velocity of tension tile solid; volume support; volumetric solu- V&T  volume and tension tion; voluntary sterilization V   tidal volume T Vs  stressed volume; venesection Vt  total vascular volume; volume of tissue V·s  vibration second; volt-second VTA  ventral tegmental area Vs  system tissue volume VTach, Vtach, V tach  ventricular tachy- V × s  volts by seconds cardia vs  see above [Lat. vide supra]; single VTB  virtual tracheobronchoscopy vibration; versus; vibration seconds; vital VTE  venous thromboembolism; ventricular signs tachycardia event VSA  variant-specific surface antigen VTEC  verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli VSAT  very small aperture terminal VTEU  Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation VSAV  vesicular stomatitis Alagoas virus Unit VSBE  very short, below elbow [cast] VTG  volume thoracic gas VSC  visual sequence comparison; voluntary VTI  velocity-time integral; volume thick- surgical contraception ness index VSCC  volume-sensitive chloride channel VTK  visualization tool kit VSCT  ventral spinocerebellar cell tract VTL  ventricular tracking limit VSD  ventricular septal defect; vesicular sto- VTM  mechanical tidal volume; virus trans- matitis virus; virtually safe dose port medium VSFP  venous stop flow pressure VT-MASS  Metoprolol and Sotalol for Sus- VSG  variant surface glycoprotein; Vesnari- tained Ventricular Tachycardia [study] none Study Group VTN  Vaccine Trials Network; vitronectin VSHD  ventricular septal heart defect VTNPA  Vermont Nurse Practitioners Asso- VSIE  volume surface integral equation ciation VSINC  Virus Subcommittee of the Interna- VTOP  vaginal termination of pregnancy tional Nomenclature Committee VTR  variable tandem repeats; vesicular VSIV  vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus transport system; videotape recording; vitro- VSM  vascular smooth muscle nectin receptor VSMC  vascular smooth muscle cell VTSRS  Verdun Target Symptom Rating VSMS  Vineland Social Maturity Scale Scale vsn  vision VT T  tidal volume VSNJV  vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus VT/VF  ventricular tachycardia/ventricular VSO  vertical supranuclear ophthalmoplegia fibrillation VSOK  vital signs normal VTVM  vacuum tube voltmeter VSP  variable spine plating; very short patch VTX  verocytotoxin; vertex [DNA repair] vtx  vertex VSR  venous stasis retinopathy; visceral/ VU  varicose ulcer; volume unit subcutaneous [adipose tissue] ratio vu  volume unit VSRA  variable speech rate audiometry VUC  voided urinary cytology VSS  vital signs stable VUD  voluntary unrelated donor Vss  volume at steady state VUJ  vesicoureteral junction VST  ventral spinothalamic tract; video see- VUO  vesicoureteral orifice through; volume-selective excitation VUR  vesicoureteral reflux VSTA  Virus-Serum-Toxin Act V-US  volumetric ultrasonography  455 VUSE  variable angle uniform signal excita- VW  Van der Woude [syndrome]; vascular tion wall; vessel wall; Volterra-Wiener [ap- VUV  vacuum ultraviolet proach]; von Willebrand [disease, factor] 2VV  double valve replacement v/w  volume per weight VV  vaccinia virus; variable volume; vari- vWAg  von Willebrand antigen cose veins; venous volume; venovenous; VWD  ventral wall defect vertical vein; viper venom; vulva and vagina vWD  von Willebrand disease V&V  verification and validation VWDFAg, vWDFAg  von Willebrand dis- V-V  venovenous [bypass] ease factor antigen vv  varicose veins; veins VWF  velocity waveform; vibration-induced v/v  percent volume in volume white finger; von Willebrand factor; von Wil- VVAS  vertical visual analog scale lebrand Factor Database VVC  vulvovaginal candidiasis vWF, vWf  von Willebrand factor VVD  vaginal vertex delivery VWM  ventricular wall motion; verbal VVDL  venovenous double-lumen [catheter] working memory VVFR  vesicovaginal fistula repair VWS  Van der Woude syndrome VVGF  vaccinia virus growth factor vWS  viewing work station; von Willebrand VVI  ventricular inhibited [pacemaker]; syndrome vocal velocity index VX  no evidence of venous [tumor] invasion; VVI/R  ventricular demand, rate-responsive virus X [pacemaker] Vx  vertex vvk  ventricular volume constant VYS  visceral yolk sac VVLBW  very very low birth weight VZ  varicella-zoster vvMDV  very virulent Marek disease virus Vz  volume of distribution in the terminal VVol  venous volume phase VVS  vesicovaginal space; vestibulo-vegeta- VZIG, VZIg  varicella zoster immunoglob- tive syndrome; vulvar vestibulitis syndrome ulin VVT  ventricular triggered [pacemaker] VZV  varicella-zoster virus  456 WARSS  Warfarin-Aspirin Recurrent Stroke W Study WARV  Warrego virus WAS  weekly activities summary; Wiskott- Aldrich syndrome WASH  Warfarin-Aspirin Study of Heart Failure W  dominant spotting [mouse]; energy; sec- WASID  Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic In- tion modulus; series of small triangular  tracranial Disease [study] incisions in plastic surgery [w-plasty]; tryp- WASP  Weber Advanced Spatial Perception tophan; tungsten [Ger. Wolfram]; wakeful- [test]; Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein ness; ward; water; watt; Weber [test]; week; Wass  Wasserman [reaction] wehnelt; weight; white; widowed; width; WAST  Woman Abuse Screening Tool wife; Wilcoxon rank sum statistic; Wistar WAT  word association test [rat]; with; word fluency; work; wound WATCH  Warfarin Antiplatelet Trial in W3  World Wide Web Chronic Heart Failure; Worcester-area Trial W+  weakly positive for Counseling in Hyperlipidemia w  velocity (m/s); water; watt; while; with WATSMART  Waterloo Spatial Motion WA  when awake; white adult; Wiskott- Analysis and Recording Technique Aldrich [syndrome] WAVE  Women’s Angiographic Vitamin and W/A  watt/ampere Estrogen [trial] W&A  weakness and atrophy WAXS  wide-angle x-ray scattering WAAT  Warfarin Plus Aspirin vs. Aspirin WB  waist belt; washable base; washed Trial bladder; water bottle; Wechsler-Bellevue WAB  Western Aphasia Battery [scale]; weight-bearing; well baby; Western WACS  Women’s Atherosclerosis Cardio- blot; wet bulb; whole blood; whole  vascular Study body; Willowbrook [virus]; Wilson-Blair WAF  weakness, atrophy, and fasciculation; [agar] white adult female Wb  weber; well-being WAFUS  Warfarin Anticoagulation Follow- WBA  wax bean agglutinin; Western blot up Study assay; whole-body activity WAGR  Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitouri- Wb/A  webers/ampere nary abnormalities, and mental retardation WBAPTT  whole-blood activated partial WAI  Web Accessibility Initiative thromboplastin time WAIS  Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; WBAT  weight bearing as tolerated Western Angiographic and Interventional So- WBC  well-baby care; well-baby clinic; ciety; wide area information server; Work- white blood cell; white blood cell count; place Advocacy Information System whole blood cell count WAIS-R  revised Wechsler Adult Intelli- WBCT  whole-blood clotting time gence Scale WBDC  whole-body digital scanner WAK  wearable artificial kidney WBE  whole-body extract WALK  Walking with Angina-Learning Is WBF  whole-blood folate the Key [program] WBGT  wet bulb global temperature WALV  Wallal virus WBH  whole-blood hematocrit; whole-body WAM  white adult male; work area model; hyperthermia worksheet for ambulatory medicine WBI  Web-based instruction; whole bowel WAN  wide area network irrigation WANV  Wanowrie virus WBLT  Watson-Barker Listening Test WAP  wandering atrial pacemaker; whey Wb/m2  weber per square meter acid protein WBMP  wireless bitmap WAR  Wasserman antigen reaction; without WBN  whole-blood nitrogen additional reagents WBPTT  whole-blood partial thromboplastin WARCRY  Wegener and Related Diseases time Compassionate Regimen Yield [study] WBR  whole-body radiation WARF  warfarin; Wisconsin Alumni Re- WBRT  whole-blood recalcification time; search Foundation whole-breast radiation therapy WARIS  Warfarin Reinfarction Study WBS  Wechsler-Bellevue Scale; whole- WARIS II  Warfarin-Aspirin Reinfarction blood serum; whole-body scan; whole-body Study–Norwegian scintiscan; Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome;  457 Williams-Beuren syndrome; withdrawal WDLL  well-differentiated lymphatic lym- body shakes phoma WBT  wet bulb temperature WDMF  wall-defective microbial forms WBUS  whole-breast ultrasound WDR  wide dynamic range WBV  waterborne virus; whole-blood vol- WDS  watery diarrhea syndrome; wet dog ume; whole-body vibration; whole-brain vol- shakes ume WDSCC  well-differentiated squamous cell WC  waist circumference; ward clerk; warty carcinoma carcinoma; water closet; Weber-Christian WDTC  well-differentiated thyroid cancer [syndrome]; wheelchair; white cell; white WDWN, wdwn  well developed and well cell casts; white cell count; white child; nourished whooping cough; wild caught; work capaci- WE  wax ester; Wernicke encephalopathy; ty; workers’ compensation; writer’s cramp western encephalitis; western encephalomy- WC?  whole complement elitis; wound of entry W/C  watch carefully; wheelchair We  weber W3C  World Wide Web Consortium WEB  Women’s Experience with Battering wc  wheelchair [scale] WCB  working cell bank WEDI  Workgroup for Electronic Data Inter- WCC  Walker carcinosarcoma cells; white change cell count; windowed cross correlation; WEE  western equine encephalitis/encepha- wound-care certified lomyelitis WCD  Weber-Christian disease WEEV  western equine encephalitis virus WCE  white coat effect; whole-cell extract; WEL  wave equivalent length wireless capsule endoscopy; work capacity WELL-HART  Women’s Estrogen/Progestin evaluation and Lipid-Lowering Hormone Atherosclero- WCGS  Western Collaborative Group Study sis Regression Trial WCL  Wenckebach cycle length; whole-cell WELLSTENT-CABG  Wellstent European lysate Study on Stenting for Coronary Artery By- w/cm2  watts per square centimeter pass Grafts WCP  well-characterized product WELV  Weldona virus WCPs  whole-chromosome paints W3-EMRS  World Wide Web Electronic WCS  white clot syndrome; Wisconsin Card Medical Records System Sort [test]; worst-case scenario WENR  Workgroup of European Nurse Re- WCST  Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test searchers WCT  wide complex tachycardia; word cat- WEP  wired equivalent privacy egorization test WER  wheal erythema reaction WCTU  Women’s Christian Temperance WES  wall echo shadow; wall echo sign; Union work environment scale; wound evaluation WCUS  Wiktor Stent and Cutting Balloon scale Angioplasty Study WESDR  Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of WD  wallerian degeneration; well devel- Diabetic Retinopathy oped; well differentiated; wet dressing; Whit- WESH  West European Study of Health ney Damon [dextrose]; Wilson disease; WESSV  Wesselsbron virus Winger distribution; with disease; withdraw, WEST  Western European Stent Trial; Wom- withdrawn; without dyskinesia; Wolman dis- en’s Estrogen for Stroke Trial ease; wrist disarticulation WEXV  Wexford virus W/D  warm and dry WF  Weil-Felix reaction; white female; Wd  ward Wistar-Furth [rat]; workflow wd  well developed; wound, wounded W/F, wf  white female WDCC  well-developed collateral circula- WFA  weight for age tion WFC  workflow cycle WDG  water-dispersible granule WFD  word-finding difficulty WDHA  watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, WFDB  waveform database achlorhydria [syndrome] WFE  Williams flexion exercise WDHH  watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and WFG  wavefront-guided hypochlorhydria [syndrome] WFI  water for injection WDI  warfarin dose index; World Drug WFL  within function limits Index WFLC  weighted-frequency Fourier linear WDL  well-differentiated lymphocytic combiner [algorithm]  458 WfMS  workflow management system WHO  World Health Organization; wrist- WFOT  World Federation of Occupational hand orthosis Therapists WHO/ISH  World Health Organization/ WFPHA  World Federation of Public Health International Society of Hypertension Associations whp  whirlpool WFR  Weil-Felix reaction; wheal-and-flare WHR  waist/hip ratio reaction whr  watt-hour WFRT  wide-field radiation therapy WHS  Werdnig-Hoffmann syndrome; Wolf- WFS  Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome; Hirschhorn syndrome; Women’s Health World Fertility Survey Study WFSL  workflow specification language WHT  Walsh-Hadamard transform; Warm WFT  windowed Fourier transform Heart Trial WG  water gauge; Wegener granulomatosis; WHTVS  Women’s Health Trial Vanguard Wright-Giemsa [stain] Study WGA  wheat germ agglutinin WHV  woodchuck hepatic virus WGE  wheat germ extract WHVP  wedge hepatic venous pressure WGO  World Gastroenterology Organiza- WHYMPI  West Haven–Yale Multidimen- tion sional Pain Inventory WG-RH  whole-genome radiation hybrid WI  human embryonic lung cell line; walk task in; water ingestion; weaning index; Wistar WGRV  Wongorr virus [rat] WGS  whole-genome shotgun WIA  wounded in action wgt  weight WIBC  Wiggins Interpersonal Behavior Circle WH  well hydrated; Werdnig-Hoffmann WIC  walk-in clinic; women, infants, and [syndrome]; whole homogenate; wound children; Women, Infants, and Children [pro- healing gram] Wh  watt/hours; white WICHEN  Western Interstate Commission wh  wheeled walker; white for Higher Education in Nursing w·h  watt-hour WIHS  Women’s Interagency HIV Study WHA  warm and humid air; World Health WIL  workflow intermediate language Assembly WIMP  windows, icons, menus, pointing WHAP  Women’s Health Australia Project WIN  Wallstent in Native Vessel [study]; WHAS  Women’s Health and Aging Study; Weight Control Information Network; West- Women’s Heart Attack Study ern Institute of Nursing WHAT  Worcester Heart Attack Trial WINS  Wallstent in Saphenous Vein Grafts WHAV  Whataroa virus [study] wh ch  wheelchair; white child WIPI  Word Intelligibility by Picture Identi- WHCOA  White House Conference on fication Aging WIS  Wechsler Intelligence Scale WHCR  Wolf-Hirschhorn chromosome re- WISC  Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Chil- gion dren WHD  Werdnig-Hoffmann disease WISCR  Wisconsin clinical record WHEASE  What Happens Eventually to WISC-R  Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Asthmatics Sociologically and Epidemio- Children-Revised logically? [study] WISE  Women’s Ischemic Syndrome Evalu- WHHHIMP  Wernicke encephalopathy/with- ation [study] drawal, hypertensive encephalopathy, hypo- WISER  Wireless Information System for glycemia, hypoxemia, intracranial bleeding/ Emergency Responders infection, meningitis/encephalitis, poison/ WISH  wearable information system for medication human health care WHHL  Watanabe heritable hyperlipid- WISHIN  Wisconsin Statewide Health In- emia; Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic  formation Network [rabbit] WISP-2  Wnt-1–induced signaling protein 2 WHI  Women’s Health Initiative WIST  Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic WHIMS  Women’s Health Initiative Memo- Thinking ry Study WIT  warm ischemia time WHML  Wellcome Historical Medical Li- WITS  Women and Infants Transmission brary Study WHNP  Women’s Health Nurse Practitioner WITT  Wittenborn [Psychiatric Rating Scale]  459 WITV  Witwatersrand virus WMX  whirlpool, massage, exercise W-J  Woodcock-Johnson [Psycho-Educa- WN, wn  well nourished tional Battery] WNE  West Nile encephalitis WJG  Wilders-Jongsma-van Ginneken WNF  well-nourished female [model] WNL  within normal limits WK  week; Wernicke-Korsakoff [syn- WNM  well-nourished male drome]; Wilson-Kimmelstiel [syndrome]; WNN  wavelet neural network Windkessel [model] WNPW  wide, notched P wave wk  weak; week; work WNSA  weighted negative surface area WKD  Wilson-Kimmelstiel disease WNV  West Nile virus W/kg  watts per kilogram WO  wash out; will order; written order WKS  Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome W/O  water in oil [emulsion] WKY  Wistar-Kyoto [rat] wo  weeks old WL  waiting list; warning letter; waterload; w/o  without wavelength; weighted least squares; weight WOB  work of breathing loss; window level [imaging]; withdrawal; WOBI  imposed work of breathing wire localization; Wood’s lamp; working WOBP  physiologic work of breathing level [exposure]; workload WOBT  total work of breathing wl  wavelength WOBV  work of breathing performed by WLAN  wireless local area network ventilator WLE  white-light endoscopy; wide local ex- WOCN  wound, ostomy, continence nurse cision WOCNS  Wound, Ostomy and Continence WLF  whole lymphocytic fraction Nurses Society WLI  weight-length index WOE  wound of entry WLM  white-light microscopy; working WOLF  Work, Lipids, Fibrinogen [study] level month [exposure] WOMAC  Western Ontario and McMaster WLS  weighted least square; wet lung syn- University Osteoarthritis Index drome WONCA  World Organization of Family WLT  whole lung tomography Doctors WM  Waldenström macroglobulinemia; wall WONV  Wongal virus motion; ward manager; warm and moist; WOOFS  Warfarin Optimized Outpatient Wernicke-Mann [hemiplegia]; wet mount; Follow-up Study white male; white matter; whole milk; Wilson- WooV  Woot virus Mikity [syndrome]; working memory WOP  without pain; whole-organ pancreas W-M  Weill-Marchesani [syndrome] [transplantation] W/M  white male WOPN  walled-off pancreatic necrosis wm  white male; whole milk; whole mount WORC  Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index w/m2  watts per square meter WORM  write once read many times WMA  wall motion abnormality; wall mo- WOSCOPS  West of Scotland Coronary tion analysis; World Medical Association Prevention Study WMBT  weighted moving beam therapy WOU  women’s outpatient unit WMC  weight-matched control WOWS  weak opiate withdrawal scale WMD  weapon of mass destruction; weight- WOX  wound of exit ed mean difference WP  wavelet packet; weakly positive; weak- WME  Williams’ medium E plate; wedge pressure; wet pack; wettable WMF  wavelet multiresolution filter powder; whirlpool; white phosphorus; white WMH  white matter hyperintensities pulp; word processor; working point WML  white matter lesion; wireless markup W/P  water/powder ratio language wp  wettable powder WMO  ward medical officer WPAI  Work Productivity and Activity Im- WMP  weight-management program pairment [Questionnaire] WMR  work metabolic rate; World Medical WP-ANAT  weak plate with anatomic infor- Relief mation WMS  wall motion scoring; Wechsler Mem- WPB  whirlpool bath ory Scale; Weill-Marchesani syndrome;  WPCU  weighted patient care unit Williams syndrome; workflow management WPDL  workflow process definition lan- system guage WMS-R  Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised Wpf  wave at a pilot frequency WMV  Wad Medani virus WPFM  Wright peak flowmeter  460 WPk  Ward’s pack; wet pack WSC  water-soluble contrast [medium] WPPSI  Wechsler Preschool and Primary WSD  word sense disambiguation Scale of Intelligence WSDRN  Western Satellite Data Relay WPR  written progress report System WPRS  Wittenborn Psychiatric Rating Scale w-sec  watt-second WPS  wasting pig syndrome WSI  Waardenburg syndrome type I; whole- WPV  wild poliovirus slide imaging WPW  Wolff-Parkinson-White [syndrome] WSL  Wesselsbron [virus] WQAC  ward quality assurance committee WSM  women who have sex with men W-QLI  Wisconsin quality-of-life index WSP  withdrawal seizure prone WR  Wassermann reaction; water retention; WSPHU  Western Sector Public Health Unit weakly reactive; weak response; whole  [Australia] response; Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch [syn- WSQ  wavelet scalar quantization drome]; wiping reaction; work rate WSR  Westergren sedimentation rate; with- WR  radiation weighting factor drawal seizure resistant Wr  wrist; writhe W/sr  watts per steradian WRA  weight-related amenorrhea WSS  Weaver-Smith syndrome; wrinkly WRAC  wide-ranging aerosol classifier skin syndrome WRAML  Wide Range Assessment of Mem- WSW  women who have sex with women ory and Learning WT  wall thickness; water temperature; WRAT  Wide Range Achievement Test wavelet transform; wild type; Wilms tumor; WRBC  washed red blood cell wisdom teeth; work therapy WRC  washed red cell; water retention coef- wt  weight; white; wild type ficient WT1  Wilms tumor gene 1 WRE  wahole ragweed extract WTA  Wound Treatment Associate WR HA-NP  Western Reserve hemaggluti- wtAAV  wild-type adeno-associated virus nin and nucleoprotein [replication-competent wtAd  wild-type adenovirus vaccinia virus] WTCC  wavelet transform cross correlation WRISS  Weapons Related Injury Surveil- WTE  whole time equivalent lance System WTF  weight transferral frequency WRIST  Washington Radiation for In-Stent WTH  Women Take Heart [project] Restenosis Trial WTO  World Trade Organization WRK  Woodward reagent K WTP  willingness to pay WRMD  work-related musculoskeletal dis- wtPSGL  wild type P selectin glycoprotein order ligand WRMT  Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests WTR  waist/thigh [circumference] ratio WRN  Werner [syndrome] WTS  Wilson-Turner syndrome WRS  Ward-Romano syndrome; war re- WTV  wound tumor virus search service; Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch WTW  white-to-white [diameter] syndrome W/U  workup WRSI  Work-related Strain Inventory WUT  wake-up test WRSS  weighted residual sum of squares WV  walking ventilation; weighting vector; WRVP  wedge renal vein pressure Wrath virus WS  Waardenburg syndrome; Wallenberg W/V, w/v  percent weight in volume, syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syn- weight/volume drome; warning stimulus; Warthin-Starry Wv  variable dominant spotting [mouse] [stain]; water soluble; water swallow; watt- WVD  wavelet-vaguelette decomposition; second; Wellens syndrome; Werner syn- Winger-Ville distribution drome; West syndrome; Whickham striae; WVTR  water vapor transmission rate Wiener spectrum [x-ray]; Wilder silver WW  Weight Watchers; wet weight; whisker [stain]; Williams syndrome; Wolfram syn- weaving; window width [imaging] drome; word sense; work station W/W, w/w  percent weight; weight-to- W&S  wound and skin weight ratio W·s  watt-second WWAV  Whitewater Arroyo virus ws  water-soluble WWBV  Weddel waterborne virus WSA  water-soluble antibiotic WWICT  Western Washington Intracoronary WSACS  World Society of the Abdominal Streptokinase Trial Compartment Syndrome WWISK  Western Washington Intracoro- WSB  wheat-soy blend nary Streptokinase Trial  461 WWIST  Western Washington Intravenous WWU  weighted working unit Streptokinase Trial WWW  World Wide Web WWIVSK  Western Washington Intravenous WX  wound of exit Streptokinase Trial WxB  wax bite WWM  world wide microscope WxP  wax pattern W/wo  with or without WY  women-years WWS  Walker-Warburg syndrome; Wieack- WYOV  Wyeomyia virus er-Wolff syndrome; Working Well Study WYSIWYG  what you see is what you get WWSIMIT  Western Washington Streptoki- WZa  wide-zone alpha nase in Myocardial Infarction Trials WZS  Weissenbacher-Zweymuller syndrome  462 XGP  xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis X XGPT  xylosylprotein-4-beta-galactosyltrans- ferase Xi  inactive X chromosome XIAP  X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis XIBV  Xiburema virus X  androgenic; cross; crossbite; exophoria XIC  X chromosome inactivation center; distance; exposure; extra; female sex chro- X-inactivation center mosome; ionization exposure; ionization X-IEP  crossed immunoelectrophoresis exposure rate; Kienböck’s unit of x-ray expo- XINV  Xingu virus sure; magnification; multiplication symbol; XIP  exchanger inhibitory peptide; x-ray-in- reactance; removal of; respirations; Roman duced polypeptide; x-ray in plaster numeral ten; start of anesthesia; “times”; XISHF  Xamoterol in Severe Heart Failure translocation between two X chromosomes; [study] transverse; unknown quantity; xanthosine; X XIST  inactive X-chromosome specific tran- unit; xylene script; X-inactivation specific transcript Ξ  uppercase Greek letter xi XL  excess lactate; X-linked; xylose-lysine ξ  lowercase Greek letter xi XLA, X-LA  X-linked agammaglobulinemia X   sample mean XLAS  X-linked aqueductal stenosis X2, χ2  chi-square XLCM  X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy X3  orientation as to time, place, and person XLD  X-linked dominant; xylose-lysine-de- x  except; extremity; horizontal axis of a oxycholate rectangular coordinate system; mole fraction; XLH  X-linked hydrocephalus; X-linked hy- multiplication symbol; position; roentgen pophosphatemia [rays]; sample mean; “times”; unknown fac- XLHED  X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal tor; xanthine dysplasia XA  xanthurenic acid; x-ray analysis XLI  X-linked ichthyosis X-A  xylene and alcohol XLIF  extreme lateral interbody fusion Xa  activated factor X; chiasma XLMR  X-linked mental retardation Xaa  unknown amino acid XLMTM, XLMTm  X-linked myotubular XAD  External Atrial Defibrillation [trial] myopathy Xam  examination XLOS  X-linked Opitz syndrome Xan  xanthine XLP  X-linked lymphoproliferative [syn- Xanth  xanthomatosis drome] Xao  xanthosine XLPD  X-linked lymphoproliferative disease XBP  xanthophyll-binding protein; X-box XLR  X-linked recessive binding protein XLRP  X-linked retinitis pigmentosa XBSN  X-linked bulbospinal neuropathy XLS  X-linked recessive lymphoproliferative XC, Xc  excretory cystogram syndrome XCCL  exaggerated craniocaudal lateral XLSP  X-linked spastic paraplegia [view] XM  crossmatch XCE  X-chromosome controlling element XM, Xm  maternal chromosome X X-CGD  X-linked chronic granulomatous xma  chiasma disease X-mas  Christmas [factor] Xcv  Xanthomonas campestris vesicatoria x-mat  crossmatch XD  x-ray diffraction X-match  crossmatch XDH  xanthine dehydrogenase XME  xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme XDP  xanthine diphosphate; xeroderma pig- XML  extensible markup language mentosum XMMR  Xenopus molecular marker resource XDR  extensively drug-resistant; transducer XMP  xanthine monophosphate XDR-TB  extensively drug-resistant tubercu- XMR  X-linked mental retardation losis XMRV  xenotropic murine leukemia virus– Xe  electric susceptibility; xenon related virus XECT, XeCT  xenon-enhanced computed XN  night blindness tomography XO  presence of only one sex chromosome; XEF  excess ejection fraction xanthine oxidase XES  x-ray energy spectrometry XOAD  X-linked ocular albinism with deaf- Xfb  cross-linked Gibrin ness XFD  x-ray flat detector XOM  extraocular movements  463 XOP  x-ray out of plaster X-sect  cross-section XOR  exclusive operating room XSP  xanthoma striatum palmare XP  xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis; XT  exotropia xeroderma pigmentosum Xt  extra toe XP, Xp  paternal chromosome X; short arm Xta  chiasmata of chromosome X Xtab  cross-tabulating XPA  xeroderma pigmentosum group A XTE  xeroderma, talipes, and enamel defect XPC  xeroderma pigmentosum group C [syndrome] XPN  xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis XTM  xanthoma tuberosum multiplex XPS  x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; XTP  xanthosine triphosphate x-ray photoemission spectroscopy X-TUL  external tumescent ultrasound lipo­ XPTB  extrapulmonary tuberculosis sculpture Xq  long arm of chromosome X XU  excretory urogram; X unit XR  extended release; xeroradiography; X- Xu  X-unit linked recessive; x-ray Xu  cumulative amount of urine x-rays  roentgen rays Xu5P, Xu5p  xylulose-5-phosphate XRD  x-ray diffraction XUC  extended use case [format] XRE  xenobiotic response element XuMP  xylulose monophosphate XRF  x-ray fluorescence XX  chromosome X disomy; double strength; XRFDC  x-ray film digitization console female chromosome type XRII  x-ray image intensifier 46,XX  46 chromosomes, 2 X chromosomes XRMR  X-linked recessive mental retardation (normal female) XRN  X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis XXL  xylocaine XRS  x-ray sensitivity XXX  chromosome X trisomy XRT  x-ray therapy XXXX  chromosome X tetrasomy XS  cross-section; excessive; xiphisternum XXXXX  chromosome X pentasomy X/S  cross-section XX/XY  sex karyotypes xs  excess XY  male chromosome type XSA  cross-section area 46,XY  46 chromosomes, 1 X and 1 Y chro- XSCID  X-linked severe combined immuno- mosome (normal male) deficiency [syndrome] Xyl  xylose XSCLH  X-linked subcortical laminar het- erotopia  464 YHAP  Yale Health and Aging Project Y YHV  Yaquina Head virus YKV  yokapoxvirus YLC  youngest living child YLD  years lived with disability YLF  yttrium lithium fluoride Y  coordinate axis in a plane; electrical ad- YLL  years of life lost mittance; male sex chromosome; mean of y YLS  years of life saved values; tyrosine; year; yellow; Yersinia; YM  yeast and mannitol; yeast and mold; yield; yttrium Young’s modulus Y-  yotta- [1024] Ymax  maximum yield Υ  see upsilon YMB  yeast malt broth υ  see upsilon YMRS  Young Mania Rating Scale y  vertical axis of a rectangular coordinate YMS  Young Men’s Survey system YMTV  Yaba monkey tumor virus y-  yocto- [10−24] YNB  yeast nitrogen base YA  Yersinia arthritis YNS  yellow nail syndrome Y/A  years of age YO  year old YAC  yeast artificial chromosome y/o  years old YACP  young adult chronic patient YOB  year of birth YACV  Yacaaba virus Yobs  observed value YADH  yeast alcohol dehydrogenase YOGV  Yogue virus YAG  yttrium-aluminum-garnet [laser] YOKV  Yokose virus YAOV  Yaounde virus Yops  Yersinia outer membrane proteins YATAV  Yata virus YOS  Yale Observation Scale Yb  ytterbium YP  yeast phase; yield pressure YBOCS  Yale-Brown Obsessive Compul- YPA  yeast, peptone, and adenine sulfate sive Scale YPAS  Yale Preoperative Anxiety Score YBV  Yug Bogdanovac virus YpkA  Yersinia protein kinase A YCB  yeast carbon base YPLL  years of potential life lost YCMI  Yale Center for Medical Informatics yr  year YCT  YMCA Cardiac Therapy YRBS  Youth Risk Behavior Survey YCVDS  Yugoslavia Cardiovascular Dis- YRD  Yangtze River disease ease Study YRRM  Y ribonucleic acid recognition motif yd  yard YS  yellow spot; yield strength; yolk sac YDV  yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine ys  yellow spot; yolk sac YDYES  yin deficiency yang excess syn- YSHR  younger spontaneously hyperten- drome sive rat YE  yeast extract; yellow enzyme YST  yolk sac tumor YEH2  reduced yellow enzyme Y73SV  Y73 sarcoma virus YEI  Yersinia enterocolitica infection YT, yt  yttrium Yel  yellow YTs  yoga therapists YEL-AND  yellow fever vaccine–associated Y-TZP  yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia neurotropic disease polycrystalline YEL-AVD  yellow fever vaccine–associated Y1V  Yaba-1 virus viscerotrophic disease Y7V  Yaba-7 virus YF  yellow fever yWACC  younger woman with aggressive YFI  yellow fever immunization cervical cancer YFMD  yellow fever membrane disease YWKY  younger Wistar-Kyoto rat YFV  yellow fever virus  465 ZEST  Zocor Early Start Trial Z ZF  zero frequency; zinc finger [protein]; zona fasciculata ZFA  N-benzyloxcarbonyl Phe-Ala omefluo- romethylketone ZFF  zinc fume fever ZFP  zinc finger protein Z  acoustic impedance; atomic number; com- ZFX  X-linked zinc finger protein plex impedance; contraction [Ger. Zuckung]; Zfy  zinc finger [protein] glutamine; impedance; ionic charge number; ZG  zona glomerulosa no effect; point formed by a line perpendicu- ZGM  zinc glycinate marker lar to the nasion-menton line through the ZIAR  zona-induced acrosome reaction anterior nasal spine; proton number; section ZIFT  zygote intrafallopian tube transfer modulus; standardized deviate; standard nor- ZIG, ZIg  zoster immunoglobulin mal score; standard score; zero; zone; a Z- ZIKV  Zika virus shaped incision in plastic surgery ZIP  zoster immune plasma Ζ  uppercase Greek letter zeta ZIRV  Zirqa virus ζ  lowercase Greek letter zeta zJ  zeptojoule Z-  zetta- [1021] ZK  Zuelzer-Kaplan [syndrome] Z?, Z??  increasing degrees of contraction ZLS  Zimmerman-Laband syndrome z  algebraic unknown or space coordinate; Zm  zygomaxillare axis of a three-dimensional rectangular coor- ZMA  zinc meta-arsenite dinate system; catalytic amount; standard ZMC  zygomaticomaxillary complex normal deviate; zero ZN  Ziehl-Neelsen [staining] z-  zepto- [10−21] ZNF  zinc finger [protein] ZAG, ZA2G  zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein ZnOE  zinc oxide and eugenol ZAM  Zhao-Atlas-Marks [distribution] ZnPP/H  zinc protoporphyrin/heme ratio ZAMSTAR  Zambia, South Africa Tubercu- ZNS  zonisamide losis and AIDS Reduction [program] ZO  Zichen-Oppenheim [syndrome]; Zonula ZAP  zeta-associated protein [rabbit]; zymo- occludens; Zuelzer-Ogden [syndrome] san-activated plasma Zo  impedance; thoracic fluid ZAPF  zinc adequate pair-fed ZOA  zinc orthoarsenate ZAPS  zonal air pollution system ZOE  zinc oxide–eugenol ZAS  zymosan-activated autologous serum ZOL  zoladex ZB  zebra body ZOMC  zygomatico-orbito-maxillary com- ZBG  zinc-binding group plex ZCA  zone of cortical abnormality Zool  zoology ZCAP  zinc-calcium–phosphorous oxide ZOT  Zonula occludens toxin ZCP  zinc chloride poisoning ZP  zona pellucida ZD  zero defects; zero discharge; zinc defi- ZPA  zone of polarizing activity ciency ZPC  zero point of change Z-D  Zamorano-Duchovny [digitizer] ZPG  zero population growth ZDDP  zinc dialkyldithiophosphate ZPO  zinc peroxide Z-DNA  zig-zag (left-handed helical) deoxy- ZPP  zinc protoporphyrin ribonucleic acid ZPS, Zps  zwitterionic polysaccharides ZDO  zero differential overlap ZPT  zinc pyridinethione ZDS  zinc depletion syndrome ZR  zona reticularis ZDV  zidovudine Zr  zirconium ZE  Zollinger-Ellison [syndrome] ZRK  zona receptor kinase ZEBOV  Zaire Ebola virus ZS  Zellweger syndrome; Zutphen Study ZEBRA  zero balanced reimbursement ac- ZSC  zone of slow conduction count ZSR  zeta sedimentation ratio ZEC  Zinsser-Engman-Cole [syndrome] ZSV  signature-tagged mutagenesis; zonate ZEEP  zero end-expiratory pressure spot virus ZEGV  Zegla virus ZT  Zwolle Trial ZEPI  zonal echo planar imaging ZTS  zymosan-treated serum Z-ERS  zeta erythrocyte sedimentation rate Z-TSP  zephiran-trisodium phosphate ZES  Zollinger-Ellison syndrome; Zutphen ZTT  zinc turbidity test Elderly Study ZTV  Zaliv Terpeniya virus  466 ZVAD  N-benzyloxcarbonyl Val-Ala-Asp ZWS  Zellweger syndrome omefluoromethylketone ZXF  zero crossing frequency ZVD  zidovudine Zy  zygion ZVT  cell-binding test [Ger. Zehlenverbind- ZyC  zymosan complement ungstest] zyg  zygotene ZW  Zellweger [syndrome] Zz  ginger [Lat. zingibar] ZWCHRS  Zellweger cerebrohepatorenal syndrome ZWOLLE  Primary Coronary Angioplasty Compared with Intravenous Streptokinase [trial] Top Nonfiction on ScribdView MoreSkip carouselcarousel previouscarousel nextThe UnwindingYes PleaseSapiensDispatches from PlutoElon MuskThe InnovatorsDevil in the GroveJohn AdamsThe Emperor of All MaladiesA Heartbreaking Work Of Staggering GeniusThis Changes EverythingGrand PursuitThe PrizeThe New Confessions of an Economic Hit ManTeam of RivalsThe World Is Flat 3.0Smart People Should Build ThingsThe Hard Thing About Hard ThingsRise of ISISSteve JobsAngela's AshesHow To Win Friends and Influence PeopleBad FeministTop Fiction on ScribdView MoreSkip carouselcarousel previouscarousel nextThe Light Between OceansThe SympathizerExtremely Loud and Incredibly CloseLeaving BerlinThe Silver Linings PlaybookYou Too Can Have a Body Like MineThe IncarnationsThe Love Affairs of Nathaniel P.Life of PiBel CantoThe MasterA Man Called OveThe FlamethrowersBrooklynWe Are Not OurselvesThe First Bad ManThe Rosie ProjectThe Blazing WorldThe WallcreeperWolf HallThe Art of Racing in the RainBeautiful RuinsThe Kitchen HouseInterpreter of MaladiesThe Perks of Being a WallflowerThe Bonfire of the VanitiesLovers at the Chameleon Club, Paris 1932The Cider House RulesA Prayer for Owen MeanyMislaidMore From Ainul LuthfiSkip carouselcarousel previouscarousel nextSdszafd.pdfdq.pdfRancang bangun radiologiindoesiaindog.pdfRancang bangun radiologi.pptvjy.pdfgc5_728612240801923075.pdfdq.pdfURUTAN PULSE Mri Etl Dan TrHasil Visitasi Oleh Tim Visitasi Hemodialisis Rsu DrKepmenkes Quality Kontrol Radiodiagnostik 2009LAPORAN KEGIATANKEPMENPAN2002_133Lampiran PP Nomor 15 Tahun 2012_2UU No. 40 Tahun 2004 Tentang SJSNLembar KonsultasiSeragam Hdjurnal iacSp RadiologiSeragam HdLembar KonsultasiSeragam HdFooter MenuBack To TopAboutAbout ScribdPressOur blogJoin our team!Contact UsJoin todayInvite FriendsGiftsLegalTermsPrivacyCopyrightSupportHelp / FAQAccessibilityPurchase helpAdChoicesPublishersSocial MediaCopyright © 2018 Scribd Inc. .Browse Books.Site Directory.Site Language: English中文EspañolالعربيةPortuguês日本語DeutschFrançaisTurkceРусский языкTiếng việtJęzyk polskiBahasa indonesiaYou're Reading a Free PreviewDownloadClose DialogAre you sure?This action might not be possible to undo. 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