1 Pharmaceutical Sciences Q&A Content Ver1

www.pharmacyprep.com Canadian Pharmacy Review Pharmacy Prep Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Guide Misbah Biabani, Ph.D Director Toronto Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Inc. Toronto, ON M2N K7 Pharmacy Prep Professional Exams Preparation Center 5460 Yong St. Suites # 209 and 303, Toronto, ON, M2N 6K7 WWW.PHARMACYPREP.COM 416-223-PREP (7737) / 647-221-0457/416-696-2455 Toronto Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Inc. © 2000- 2008 TIPS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2000-2008 Tips Inc 1 www.pharmacyprep.com Canadian Pharmacy Review Disclaimer Your use and review of this information constitutes acceptance of the following terms and conditions: The information contained in the notes intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. 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Foreword by Misbah Biabani, Ph.D Coordinator, Pharmacy Prep Toronto Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Inc 5460 Yonge St. Suites 209 and 303 Toronto ON M2N 6K7, Canada Copyright © 2000-2008 Tips Inc 2 www.pharmacyprep.com Canadian Pharmacy Review Content Part II: Pharmaceutical Sciences 19-Pharmacy Calculations 20-Pharmacokinetics 21-Rates and Orders of reactions 22-Pharmacodynamics 23-Basics of Medicinal Chemistry 24-Medicinal chemistry and Pharmacology of Drugs that act on autonomic nervous system 25-Medicinal chemistry and Pharmacology of Histamines, Serotonin, Prostaglandin and NonSteroidal anti-inflammatory Drugs 26-Medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of cardiovascular drugs 27-Medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of psychiatric & neurological diseases 28-Medicinal chemistry and pharmacology Endocrine drugs 29-Drug Metabolism 30-Biopharmaceutics 31-Pharmaceutics 32-Pharmaceutical Additives 33-Rheology 34-Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms 35-Drug delivery Systems 36-Sterile Preparations 37-Extemporaneous Pharmaceutical Preparations 38-Pharmaceutical Analysis Copyright © 2000-2008 Tips Inc 3 9g 5-Syrup is an 85% w/v solution of sucrose in water .3mls d) 46mls e) 0. a) 8 days b) 7 days c) 6 days d) 5 days e) 4 days 2.com Pharmacy Calculations PHARMACY PREP.Given a Rx and the signature is: Start 40mg and decrease 5mg everyday until finish.www.6g E-9.how many milliliters of water should be used to make 125 ml of syrup? A-106. GENERAL CALCULATIONS 1. will provide the equivalent of 0.2g B-164.it has a density of 1. how much you need to use of the stock solution? a) 2. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.313g/ml . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.46mls 3-How many tablets each containing 25µg.Pharmacyprep.3g D-6.8g D-125g E-1.33g Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.000. How many days the patient will take to finish this Rx.you have a stock solution of 1:750 and would like to prepare 60mls of 1:10.1g C-57.6mls c) 1.4mls b) 4. 1 .5 mg of sodium Liothyronine? A-10 tablets B-15 tablets C-20 tablets D-25 tablets E-30 tablets 4-How much drug should be added to 30 ml of water to make 10% w/w solution ? A-10g B-90g C-3. than take 2.Assuming you have alcohol 95% and need to prepare 60mls of alcohol 12%.5 respectively.1% with E values 0. phenilephrine 0.You are giving ZnCl2 0.7%.www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.1% and boric acid 1.Rx.64mls d) 6mls e) 6.1g of Ca2(C6H11O7)/ ml. How many mls of amoxicillin suspension should be dispensed to this patient: a) 30mls b) 35mls c) 40mls d) 45mls e) 50mls 11.2 c) 6. This solution will be: a) Isotonic b) Hypertonic c) Hypotonic d) Iso-osmotic e) Isotonicity cannot be finding.57mls 9. If it is assumed that HCl undergoes 80% dissociation.32mls b) 7.Dissociation factor (i) plays an important role in determining the contribution of a substance towards isotonicity. How many tablets should be dispensed? a) 30 tablets Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.You receive a Rx with the following signature: Start with double dose of 5mls. 10.57mls c) 8.16.com Pharmacy Calculations 6. How much of alcohol 95% should be used to make this new concentration of alcohol? a) 4. the injection is: a) Hypotonic b) Iso-osmotic c) Isotonic d) Hypertonic e) Opisthonic 8. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.1 d) 3. If the NaCl equivalent of calcium gluconate is 0. Prednisone 5mg Start 40mg and decrease 5mg everyday until finish.Calcium gluconate injection contains 0. 0. 2 .32 and 0.6 7.16.3 b) 3.Pharmacyprep. what will be its dissociation factor? a) 2.6 e) 1.5mls BID for 7 days. www.Pharmacyprep.com Pharmacy Calculations b) 35 tablets c) 36 tablets d) 40 tablets e) 12 tablets 12- An inhaler contains 120 doses. How many days the patient will take to finish the entire inhaler with this signature: “Use 2 inhalers in each nostril every morning and at bedtime” a) 7 days b) 10 days c) 20 days d) 15 days e) 30 days 14- What is the sensitivity of a balance that can weight 120mg of a substance and has a permissible error of 5%? a) 6mg b) 16mg c) 66mg d) 26mg e) 1.6mg CORRECT ANSWERS 1- A 40mg / 5mg tablets = 8 days of treatment 2- B 1:750 = 0.13% 1:10.000 = 0.01% C1 . V1 = C2 . V2 0.13 x V1 = 0.01 x 60 0.13V = 0.6 V= 4.6ml 3-C 0.5 mg=500 µg ∴Number of tablets = 500 / 25=20 tablets 4-C The mass of the final solution in this case in unknown, we only have the mass of solvent (water ) as 30 ml will weight 30 grams . So know we need a solution which contains 10 grams (10%) of drug in 100 grams of the solution (solvent + drug ) In this case the solvent will represent 100 –10 = 90% So if 90% Æ30 grams, how much is 10%? The weight of the drug is = 10* 30/90 = 3.33 5-C Density of solution =mass / volume Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 3 www.Pharmacyprep.com Pharmacy Calculations 1.313 = weight of solution / 125 therefore the weight of the solution will be 164.125 g now we have 85 grams of sucrose in 100 ml of solution Therefore for 125 ml of solution we need: (125 *85)/100=106.25 grams the weight of water in this solution =164.125 –106.25 = 57.875 6- E 7- D 8- B Dissociation factor of HCl = H(1) + Cl(1) = 2 2----------100% X-----------80% → 1.6 C1 x V1 = C2 x V2 → 95 x V1 = 12 x 60 → V1 = 7.57mls 9- C 0.7 x 0.16 + 0.1 x 0.32 + 1.1 x 0.5 = 0.00112 + 0.00032 + 0.0055 100 100 100 = 0.00694 NaCl = 0.9 = 0.009 > 0.00694 = Hypotonic 100 10- C 5mls-start dose + (5mls/day x 7days) = 5 + 35 = 40mls 11- C 40mg = 8 tablets decrease one tablet every day until finish. 12- D “Two inhalers in each nostril every morning and at bedtime” 2 x 2 nostril x 2 (morning+night) = 8 doses daily 120 doses ÷ 8 doses daily = 15 days supply 13- C SR = Weight x Error → 15 = weight x 5 = 300mg 100 14- A SR = Weight x Error → SR = 120mg x 5 = 6mg 100 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1- COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2- CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES - Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition. 3- MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition. 4- PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS - 2003/2004 Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 4 www.Pharmacyprep.com Pharmacy Calculations 5- THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6- USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 5 25 g 5000 ml 5 ml X= 250 g A pediatric product contains 100mg of erythromycin ethylsuccinate in each dropperful (2.5 µg / ml X X = 6. 365. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.25g B-5g C-250g D-2.5 mg/kg 2.6 kg C-99. How many ml should the patient inject each day? Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.5 mg/kg dose of gentamicin? A-5 µg/ml B-6.000 ml 0. 6 . How many kilograms of erythromycin ethylsuccinate would be required to prepare 5000 pint-size bottles? A-74. for every 1 mg/kg of gentamicin administered.000 ml A physician places a patient on a daily dose of 48 units of U 80 insulin (80units/mL).5 µg/ml Ans: B _1 mg/kg__ = 2.25 µg /ml An elixir is to contain 250 mg of an alkaloid in each teaspoonful dose.25 µg/ml C-10 µg/ml D-2. How many grams of the alkaloid will be required to prepare 5 litres of the elixir? A-0.6 kg Ans: D 1 pint = 473 ml 473 ml x 5000 = 2.www.6 kg B-84. 365.com Pharmacy Calculations EE review Book and Guide Chapter Calculations Answers In dosing the drug gentamicin in pediatric patients.5 kg D-94.5 µg/ml.6 kg 2. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.0001 kg = ____ X_____ X = 94.Pharmacyprep.5g Ans: C = __Xg___ 0.5 ml 2. What would be the expected serum drug concentration following an administration of a 2.5ml) of the product. serum drug concentrations are expected to increase by 2. 10 units D-210 units Ans:D 10 units x 3 x 7 = 210 units A physician orders Meprobamate 0.0 M units x 1000 KU_ x 1000 units 1M units 1KU = 1000.000 D10. How much is to be administered if the dose on hand is 400 mg.com Pharmacy Calculations A-0.0 units B-0. 7 .www. How much will the patient have taken after 7 days? A-21.6 ml A 20-ml vial of biologic solution is labeled “2.0 megaunits.21 units C-2.5 ml C-0.000 units X= 2 x 1000 x 1000 = 100.000 units 20 A prescription calls for 10 units of a drug to be taken 3 times a day. in each tablet? A-do not dispense B-give 2 tablets C-give 1 tablet D-give ½ tablet Ans: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.2 g. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.25 ml Ans: C U. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.” How many units of drug are present in every ml of solution? A2000 B1000 C100.6 ml D-0.000 Ans: 1Megaunit = 1000KU 1KU = 1000 units 2.80 insulin 80 U = 48 units 1ml X X= 0.4 ml B-0.Pharmacyprep. ? A-10.1 µl B-4. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Ans: C _125 mg_ x 2 = 250 mg 5 ml 5 ml Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.1 ml Ans: D 300 lbs x _1kg_ = 136.5 lbs. 454.Pharmacyprep.5 mg An initial heparin dose of not less than 150 units/kg of body weight has been recommended of open-heart surgery.54 units 1 kg 136.5 mg B-18 mg C-15 mg D-8 mg Ans:A 154 lbs x_1 kg__ = 70 kg 2. 8 .1 µl C-5. If a child is given a daily dose of 2 teaspoonful of a suspension containing 125 mg of cefadroxil per 5 ml.36 kg 150 units = _ X___ = 20.8 lbs. C-18. B-18.com Pharmacy Calculations 200 mg = _1_ tab 400mg 2 The usual initial dose of chlorambucil is 150 µg per kg of body weight once a day.www. D-18.2 lbs 150 µg_ = _ X_ 1 kg 70 kg X = 10.54 u 1 ml X X= 4. 500 µg = 10.1 ml D-4-. How many ml of an injection containing 5000 heparin units per milliliter should be administered to a 300-pound patient? A-5. of the child? A-19. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. How many milligrams should be administered to a person weighing 154 lbs.1 lbs.1 ml The pediatric dose of cefadroxil is 30 mg/kg/day.3 lbs.36 kg _5000 u_ = 20454. what is the weight in lb. 2 lbs 7 mg = _ X__ 1 kg 59.? A-0.63 mg = 0.414 g C-414 g D-0.com Pharmacy Calculations _250 mg_ = _30mg_ X 1 kg X = 8.www. How many teaspoonfuls should be given to a patient weighing 220 lbs.492 g B-0. how many grams should be administered to a patient weighing 130 lbs.2 ml Ans: D W= 25 g D= 1.17 g/ml V= _M_ = _25_ = 21.18 Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.50 ml B-0.5 tbsp.1 mL = _X_ 1 kg 100 kg X = 10 ml = 2 tsp If a prescription order requires 25 g of concentrated HCI (density 1.2 ml D 1.0 ml D-21. C-2 tbsp. what volume should the pharmacist measure? A-29.33 kg 8.? A-2 tsp.18 g/ml).33 lbs 1 kg If the loading dose of Kanamycin is 7 mg/kg of body weight. Ans:A 220 lbs x _1 kg_ = 100 kg lbs 0.2 lbs = 18. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.33 kg x 2.Pharmacyprep.5 tsp. D-2.485 g Ans: B 130 lbs x _1kg_ = 59.0212 ml C-23. 9 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.90 kg X= 413.1 ml/kg of body weight as single dose. B-2.09 kg 2.414 g The adult dose of a liquid medication is 0. 9 kg 2.7 C-0.2 lbs 0.0 g D-0.71.com Pharmacy Calculations If the dose of a drug is 0.18 D-0.9624 g/ml D = _M_ V M=DxV = 0.7 A prescription calls for 0.7 g C-6.www.71 g/ml X = 0.577 g Ans: B V = 60 ml D = 0. how many mg will a 35 lb infant receive per 24 hours? A-7.4 mg Ans: A 35 lbs x _1 kg_ = 15.5 mg/kg body weight/day.5 B-0.Pharmacyprep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.770 g B-57. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 10 .9624 x 60 = 57.5 mg = __X__ 1 kg 15.3 g_ D 1.1 mg C-7.3 g of phosphoric acid with a specific gravity of 1.3 Ans:C D = _M_ = _g_ V ml V = _M_ = _ 0.18 ml Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.9 kg X = 7. How many millilitres should be used in compounding the prescription? A-0.9624 g/ml? A-5.2 mg D-7.9 mg B-7.9 mg What is the weight of 60 ml of oil whose density is 0. com Pharmacy Calculations How many ml of 0.4 ml A patient is determined to have 0.8 mg of glucose in each millilitre of blood. what is the equivalent concentration in terms of mg/dL? A-1 mg/dL Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.9)= 250(25) X = 6944. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 11 .8 mg% C-8 mg% D-80 mg% Ans: D mg% __X mg__ 0.4 D-9 Ans: Q1C1 = Q2C2 (X)(0. Express the concentration of glucose in the blood as mg%. A-800 mg% B-0.Pharmacyprep.9% (w/v) NaCl solution should be prepared from 250 ml of 25% (w/v) solution? A-3750 B-2500 C-6944.www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.8 mg = __X__ 1 ml 100 ml X = 80 mg % How many mL of a 1:400 (w/v) stock solution should be used to make 4 liters of a 1:2000 (w/v) solution? A-1000mL B-200 mL C-800 mL D-1600mL Ans: C _1 g_ = __X__ = 2 g 2000ml 4000mL XmL = 2g 400mL 1g = 800 mL C1V1 = C2V2 1g x 2000mL = C2 x 4000mL If a patient is determined to have 100 mg % of blood glucose. 3 mL t.6 ppm.0006% D-0.Pharmacyprep.5 mg D-45 mg Ans: D _5_ = _X_ 0.06% Ans: B ___0. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.000.06% B-0.006% E-0.? A-15 mg B-90 mg C-22. How many mg of iodine are consumed daily if the usual dose is 0. 12 .00006% C-0.9 X = 0.d.6g____ = _X_ 1. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. A-0.com Pharmacy Calculations B-10 mg/dL C-40 mg/dL D-100 mg/dL Ans:D _mg_ = __mg__ dL 100 mL =100 mg /dL Strong Iodine Solution USP contains 5% w/v iodine.2 g B-200 g C-2 g D-20 g Ans-B x = 5g 4000 mL 100 mL Change to percent the number 1/300.i.045 g x 1000 = 45 mg Express in percentage the fluoride concentration in drinking given in 0.00006% How many grams of dextrose are required to prepare 4 litres of a 5% solution? A-0.www.000 100 X = 0. A-3% Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 35% B-0.www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.0% w/v) to 1 litre of sterile water for irrigation.53% D-0.33% = 1/3% 100 A Pharmacy tech adds 75 mL of strong iodine solution USP (5. What is the % w/v of iodine present? A-0. A-1: 688 B-1: 888 C-1: 588 Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.375% C-0.0 g D-120 g Ans: A _X_ = _25_ 120 100 X = 30 Calcium hydroxide topical solution contains 170 mg of calcium hydroxide per 100 mL at 15º C. Express this concentration as ratio strength. 13 .com Pharmacy Calculations B-33% C-3.35% How many grams of potassium citrate are needed to prepare 1 litre of 10%? A-1000 g B-50 g C-100 g D-10 g Ans:C _X_ = _10_ 1000 100 X = 100 How many grams of a drug are required to make 120 mL of a 25% solution? A-30 g B-10 g C-12.Pharmacyprep.60% Ans:A Q1C1 = Q2C2 75(5) = (1075)X X = 0. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.3% D-1/3% Ans:D _1_ = _X_ 300 100 _1/3_ = 0. 2 X = 100 X = 500 How much of a substance is needed to prepare 1L of a 1: 10. What is the final ration strength of copper in the TPN solution if 2.www.5 mL of the injection is added to enough of the IV solution to prepare 500 mL? A-1: 500 Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.5 mg Express 0.2 % in a ratio strength. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.8 mg D-1.5 mg Ans:D ___1 g__ = _ X_ 10.1 g B-10 g C-0.000 solution? A-0.0 g Ans: A _ 1_ = _ X _ 10.1 g A cupric chloride injection (0.01 g D-1. 14 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.000 ophthalmic solution of isoflurophate in peanut oil? A-1.4 mg Cu/mL) is used as an additive to IV solution for TPN.17 g = 1_ 100 ml 100 ml X X = 588 ≈ 1:588 How many mg of isofluorophate are contained in 15 g of a 1: 10. A-1:5000 B-1:50 C-1:500 D-1:5 Ans:C _0.9 mg C-1.7 mg B-1.000 1000 X = 0.com Pharmacy Calculations D-1: 788 Ans: 170 mg → 0.Pharmacyprep.2_ = _1_ 100 x 0.000 mg 15 g X = 1. 75 mL Ans: C _ 1_ = __X_ 1000 X = 0.000 D-1: 50.www.33 g 23.5 100 X = 18.Pharmacyprep. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.000 Ans: C _0.com Pharmacy Calculations B-1:5000 C-1: 500.000 How many milliliters of a 23.5% (w/v) concentrate of Sodium Chloride solution should be used in preparing 650 mL of a stock solution such that 30 mL diluted to liter will yield a 1: 5000 solution? A-0.44 mL D-11. 15 .2 mL B-4.2 g_ = _ X _ 30 ml 650 ml X = 4.5 ml X = 1 mg ≈0. How many mL is needed? A-20 B-15 C-30 D-60 Ans: D Q1C1 = Q2C2 X (50) = 300(10) X = 60 How many milliliters of 1:16 solution of sodium hypochlorite should be used in preparing 5.001 g 0.44 ml = 4.000 1: 500.33 mL C-18. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.2 g 0.33 g X You have a stock solution of 50% Sodium citrate and you were asked to prepare 300 mL of a 10% solution.001 g = _1_ 500 ml X X = 500.000 mL of a 5% solution of sodium hypochlorite for irrigation? A-800 ml B-2500 ml C-4000 ml D-300 ml Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.4 mg__ = X___ 1 ml 2. 1000 x= How many millilitres of 24% (w/v) concentrate of saline solution should be used in preparing 600 mL of a solution such that 10mL diluted to a litre will yield a 0.com Pharmacy Calculations Ans: C Q1C1 = Q2C2 (X) 6.9% (w/v) solution? A-60.000 and enough water to make final volume 1000 mL D-Add 333.000 B-Add 666.000 tablets Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.0125.25% X = 4000 ml Prepare 1000 ml of KMnO4 1:12.09% solution? A-300 ml B-150 ml C-50.0 ml D-225 ml Ans-D _ 0.0 g.000 tablets C-12.www. How many tablets should be used in preparing 3000 litres of a solution of such strength that 20 mL diluted to 100 mL with water will yield a 0.6 mL water to 333.09_ 100 = __X_ 1000 X = 0.3 mL water to 666. A-Add 333.0083 .000.000 compresses out of KMnO4 1: 8.000 Ans-D C1V1 = C2V2 0. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.x = 0.9 g 0.000 tablets B-27.6 mL KMnO4 1: 8.3 mL KMnO4 1: 8.9 g_ = _ X _ 10 ml 600 ml X = 54 g 24 100 X = 225 ml = 54_ X The only source of Sodium Chloride is in the form of tablets.3 mL water to 1000 mL KMnO4 1: 8.25% = (5000)(5%) X = 5% x 5000mL 6. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Pharmacyprep. each containing 5. 16 .000 C-Add 333.3 mL KMnO4 1: 8. com Pharmacy Calculations D-9.9 g_ = _ X _ 20 ml 3.000.57 g B-5040 g C-50.9_ 100 = __X_ 100 0. 000 tabs How many grams of 10% (w/w) ammonia solution can be made from 1800 g of 28% (w/w) strong ammonia solution? A-6428.000 g 5g X = 0.www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.000 ml 135. 17 .86 g Ans: B Q1C1 = Q2C2 (10) X = (1800)(28) X = 5040 g Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.400 g D-642.Pharmacyprep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.000 g = 27.9 g X = 135.000 tablets Ans-B _ 0. 6mg/L b) 856mg/L c) 8. What is his non-renal clearance? a) 240mls b) 2. How long it will take to eliminate the entire drug from the body? a) 100 days b) 200 days Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. his total body clearance is 3.com PHARMACY PREP.A dose was given.16% c) 16% d) 8% e) 25% 4.3L d) 1. Find steady state concentration a) 85.56mg/L e) 5.What is the absolute bioavailability of tablet A? TABLET A-----------------50mg---------------AUC 40 IV PUSH -------------------10mg---------------AUC 50 a) 80% b) 0. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.7hrs. After 7 hours from the initial dose. 18 . PHARMACOKINETIC CALCULATIONS 1. what is the drug's concentration? a) 0.pharmacyprep. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.If the rate of infusion of the drug is 500mg q8hours and clearance is 7.A drug was found to have zero order kinetic: 100 mg ⇒ after 6 days ⇒ 99 mg.www.4L c) 3.86mg/L 5.5L/min and the drug excreted unchanged in the urine is 80mg. t1/2=0. after 2 hours. the plasma concentration was 64 mg.3L/hr.56g/L d) 8.A dose of 240mg was given to a patient.0mg b) 1mg c) 2mg d) 3mg e) 4mg 3.16L e) 1160mls 2. 6 ml/min b) 76.A new antifungal was given at a dose of 5mg/Kg by a single intravenous bolus injection to a 32 years old female who weighted 75Kg.026 h. What is the initial plasma drug concentration in this patient? a) 36mg/L b) 1.25% e) 3. What is the percentage of blood concentration after 4hrs? a) 50% b) 25% c) 12. at rate constant of 0. If the normal dosage schedule for cloxacillin is 125mg q6h.5mg q6h d) 75mg q6h e) 125mg q12h 8.28L/Kg.9mg/L d) 1. a) 88. Calculate the clearance in ml/min. The renal clearance of this drug is 1.Drug which dose is 1500 mg is given every 24 hours. a patient with renal function 20% of normal should receive: a) 25mg q6h b) 31.79mg/L e) 19mg/L Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.pharmacyprep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. The antifungal has an elimination half-life of 2 hours and apparent volume of distribution of 0.www.If a drug is 50% metabolized.12% 10.8mg/L c) 17.8 ml/min c) 86.8 ml/min e) 43.com c) 300 days d) 600 days e) 900 days 6. What is the shelf life of ampicilin? a) 4hr b) 8hr c) 2hr d) 16hr e) 12hr 7.6 ml/min 9. 19 .Ampicilin in 5% dextrose degrades by first order kinetic.2 mg/dL.5% d) 6. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.25mg q6h c) 62.Approximately 50% of cloxacillin is excreted unchanged in the urine.8 ml/min d) 66. 8 hours after the administrated dose: a) 23mg b) 112mg c) 100mg d) 15. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. -Therapeutic effective plasma concentration: 2. 20 .Following the anterior information.085mg/min 15.5mg/min e) 0. calculate the predicted plasma concentration at 8 hours after the dose: a) 15mg/L b) 111mg/L c) 11. how long after the dose is exactly 75% eliminated from the patient body? a) 2 hours b) 4 hours c) 6 hours d) 8 hours e) 10 hours Let us assume the following characteristics of the drug in a 70kg man.What is the recommended rate of infusion for this drug? a) 85mg/min b) 58mg/min c) 0.www.64mg/L 12-Following the same anterior information.com 11.85mg/min d) 8.70Kg/L 14.43mls/min 16.4mg 13.43L/min e) 0.pharmacyprep.11mg/L e) 2. calculate how much drug remains in the patient body. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.0mg/L -Biologic half-life: 80minutes -Apparent volume of distribution: 0.1mg/L d) 1.3mg e) 84. calculate the corresponding loading dose: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Following the anterior information.What is the total body clearance for this patient? a) 33L/min b) 43mls/min c) 43L/min d) 0.Still following the information of the anterior questions. D 1mg--------6days 100mg----.A 3.7hr-------0.5-1.5mg = 0mg We need to multiply the IV dose by 5 to find the same dosage so: IV Push---------------50mg---------------AUC 250 Bioaval = AUC Tablet A = 40 = 0.105 = 4hours K 0.7hr-----8mg 8mg-----after t1/2 of 0.7hr-------1mg 1mg-----after t1/2 of 0.7hr-----32mg 32mg-----after t1/2 of 0.7hr-------2mg 2mg-----after t1/2 of 0. 21 .4L or 240 mg ---------------.16L of Renal Clearance CLhepatic=CLt-CLr CLh=3.9 hr---Approximately---0.5L/min 80 mg------------------? CLhepatic=CLt-CLr CLh=3.C Dose --------After 2 hours-------64mg 64mg-----after t1/2 of 0.X 6.4L 2.com a) 98mg b) 160mg c) 48mg d) 24mg e) 100mg CORRECT ANSWERS 1.105 = 0.5-1. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.7hr-------4mg 4mg-----after t1/2 of 0.3 5.B 240mg-------100% of dose 3.3. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.5mg TOTAL: 6.5L------100% Total Clearance 80mg-------.7hr-----16mg 16mg-----after t1/2 of 0.16= 2.16= 2.X X-------.16 X 100 = 16% AUC IV Push 250 4.026h X= 600 days Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.A T90% = 0.www.pharmacyprep.56mg/L Clearance 7.D Css = Rate of infusion = 500/8 = 8.33% Renal Clearance X=33% X=1. 5mg after t1/2 of 2 hours = 93.5 mg. 22 .C R = K x Vd x Css → K = 0.23 Cp = 2.440min (60min x 24hrs) X---------------1min X = 86.000mls--------1.5mg after 2 hours = 93.95 Cp = 8. so patient should receive 62.D Cp initial = 17.5% → 4t1/2 = 6.0087 x 49 x 2 = 0.000mls 125.25% 10.D Patient has normal non-renal function (liver).43L/min R = 0.5mg dose and patient has 20% renal function.0087 Vd = 0. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.75.9 after 2 hours = 8.5mg=75 mg.47 Cp = 4.70 x 70Kg = 49L 15.8mg/L 0.2mg/dL--------100ml(dL) 1500mg---------X X = 125.Continue the same as the anterior question!!! After 8 hours you will have 23mg 13.693/80min = 0.www.5+12. so 50-20=30% 50%-----------125mg q6h 30%-----------X X = 75mg q6h [dose/frequency for ri] / [dose/frequency for normal] 8.D Drug concentration = 100% t1/2 (decrease the drug by half) = 50% 2t1/2 = 25% → 3t1/2 = 12..8ml/min 9.47 after 2 hours = 2. i.C 1.85mg/min Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.e 12.75 → 25% 4 hours → 75% 14. so total dose is 62.A D = 375mg after t/1/2 of 2 hours = 187.5 → 50% Cp = 187.B Initial dose = 375mg and elimination t1/2 is 2hours Cp = 375mg after 2 hours = 187.com 7.11 IN 8 HOURS Cp = 5mg/L = 17.9mg/L and elimination t1/2 is 2hours Cp = 17. or Patient has 20% of normal renal function.D CLT = K x Vd → ClT = 0.28L/kg 12.C Cp = Do Vd 11.95 after 2 hours = 4.pharmacyprep. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.0087 x 49 = 0.23 after 2 hours = 1. USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2.Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS . Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 23 .com 16. 4. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 3.THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6.2003/2004 5.MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition.pharmacyprep.CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES .A LD = Vd x Css → LD = 49 x 2 = 98mg BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1.www. 24 .www.com PHARMACY PREP.693 Ans-A 2-AUC of drug can be determined by a graph using the following rule I-Trapezoidal rule II-Fick’s first law III-Rule of nine A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-A 3-Determine the F value for a capsule AUC 20 mg/dL/hour with 100 mg dose when i.v of same drug AUC is 25 mg/dL/hour with 100 mg dose.v of same drug AUC is 25 mg/dL/hour with 100 mg dose. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.6 x 100 = 160% 25 mg Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.pharmacyprep.303 E-slope of K/0.303 B-Slope of –K/t1/2 C-Slope of –Ko D-slope of K/2. RATES AND ORDERS OF REACTIONS 1-Plot of log of concentration against time produces a straight line with a: A-Slope of –K/2. A-20% B-60% C-40% D-80% E-100% Ans-D AUC po x 100 = 80% AUC iv 4-Determine the F value for a capsule AUC 20 mg/dL/hour with 50 mg dose when i. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. A-20% B-60% C-40% D-80% E-160% Ans-E AUC po x 100 AUC iv AUC po = 20 x 2 = 40 mg = 1. www. 25 . What rate of iv is recommended for this patient? (no loading dose was given).693 x 9000 = 100 1 hour = 935. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. the drugs must: I-contain same exipient II-Contain it salts III-Same therapeutic moiety A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans:D 6-The time it takes to infused drug to reach plasma steady state concentration (Css) depends on: I-Elimination half-life of drug.54 mg/hr Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. The desired Css of drug is 15mg/dL. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Amoxicillin has t1/2 = 1 hour and Vd = 9L. A-135 mg/hr B-936 mg/hr C-1000 mg/hr D-333 mg/hr E-400 mg/hr AnsTips: Css = R___ K x Vd R = Rate of infusion K = first order elimination constant Vd = volume of distribution R = Css x k x Vd R = 15 0. needs intravenous infusion of amoxicillin. II-Fraction of free excreted in urine III-Plasma concentration curve A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-A 7-A 40 year old patient who weighs 70 kg.com 5-Two drugs to be pharmaceutical equivalent.pharmacyprep. The physician ordered antibiotic infused for 10 hours. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.www.pharmacyprep. 26 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. a) b) c) The km value of an enzyme is numerically equal to Half the maximum velocity expressed in moles/liter Velocity of a reaction divided by substrate concentration Substrate concentration in moles/litre necessary to achieve half the maximum velocity of a reaction d) Maximum velocity divided by half the substrate concentration in moles necessary to achieve maximum velocity e) Substrate concentration divided by velocity of a reaction Ans-C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Lethal dose LD50 is classified as: I-Dose causes 50% of toxic response in tests II-Dose causes 50% of effect response in tests III-Dose cause 50% of death response in tests A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-B 2.com PHARMACY PREP PHARMACODYNAMICS 1. important heterocyclic compounds in the structure of drugs.C Comments: Vinyl group is the univalent group CH2=CH-CH2 4.Pyrrolidine and piperidine are important heterocyclic compounds in the structure of drugs. 27 .Which of the following drug structure can form epimers A.Pyrrolidine is a five membered and piperidine six membered.Pharmacyprep. 3.Diastereoisomers that have the opposite configuration at only one of two or more tetrahedral stereogenic centres present in the respective molecular entities are epimers.Erythromycin Ans-C Comments: tetracycline epimerizes to epitetracyclin. Which of the following class of antibiotics known to have epimerization properties a) B-lactams b) Quinolones c) Vancomycin d) Tetracyclines e) Cephalosporins Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.E Comments: .Sulfanilaminde E.Quinolones C.β-lactam antibiotics B. which is more stable than tetracyclins 2. Atropine is an antimuscarinic agent having pyrrolidine and piperidine heterocyclic rings on its molecular structure.Allylic is a common group in the molecular structure of drugs. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Which of the following groups is commonly called a vinyl group? A) H2C=CH B) H3C−O− C) H2C=CH−CH2− D) H3C−C− E) HC≡C− 3.com Medicinal Chemistry PHARMACY PREP. Which of the following drugs has these heterocyclic rings on its structure? A) Folic acid B) Clonidine C) Tetrodotoxin D) Imipramim E) Atropine 2. Interconversion of epimers are epimerization.Tetracycline D. MEDICAL CHEMESTRY 1. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. C Comments: Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different chemical structure.Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) studies of cholinergic drugs indicate that: I. Epimerization is the reaction responsible for the transfer of tetracycline to epi-tetracycline 5. Primary amines are mainly metabolized by phase II metabolism: a) Deamination b) Dealkylation c) Acetylation d) Hydrolysis e) Oxidation 6.Amines are one of the most common group present in the molecular structure of drugs. What type of alkyl group that mostly undergoes oxidation to an acid is known as: a) Terminal alkyl group of aliphatic structure b) Terminal Aromatic alkyl group of structure c) Benzylic alkyl group attached to aromatic ring structure d) Heterocyclic ring structure carbons e) Cyclic ring structure carbons 5. 6.One methyl group of the trimethylammonium group can be replaced by an ethyl group with only slight loss of activity. 28 .D Comments: Tetracycline is an important group of anti-infective agents that suffer in vivo an important metabolism reaction. 7.C Comments: Acetylation is a phase II metabolism reaction characterized by the gain of an acyl group.Oxidation of alkyl group results into alcohol.C Comments: 5.Pharmacyprep.Maximum activity is achieved when the quaternary nitrogen is three carbons removed from the ester group II. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Alkyl group attached to aromatic rings would undergo faster oxidation because of resonance effect of aromatic ring. The transfer of tetracycline to epi-tetracycline is called epimerization. and the main reaction that undergoes primary amines.Compound considered an constitutional isomer of hexane include: a) Cyclohexane b) Cyclopentane c) 1-methyl-pentane d) 1-methyl-cyclohexane e) None of the above 7. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. aldehyde and finally carboxylic acids.com Medicinal Chemistry 4. 8. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. hexane and 1-methyl-pentane are examples of isomerism.Structures which display a quasi-ring conformation exhibit antimuscarinic activity III. A terminal tertiary nitrogen II. cholinergic drugs most display a quasi-ring conformation.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. they must have a terminal tertiary nitrogen and more than one aryl or heretoaryl group on their molecular structure.com Medicinal Chemistry d) II and III only e) All are correct 8.D Comments: Parasympathetic cholinergic drugs have their effect based on nature of their structural molecule.Arrange the following groups from the most reactive to the least reactive: COOH CH4 OCH3 COO¯ a) COO¯→COOH→OCH3→CH4 b) COOH→CH4 →COO¯→OCH3 c) OCH3 →COOH→COO¯→CH4 d) CH4→OCH3→COO¯→COOH e) COOH→OCH3→CH4 →COO¯ 11. One methyl group of the trimethylammonium group can be replaced by an ethyl group with only slight loss of activity 9. amide. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.C Comments: In order for an antihistaminic drug be effective. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Pharmacyprep.More than one aryl or heteroaryl group III. it must have which of the following molecular characteristics on its structure? I.Presence of C−C−C between C−O a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 10.C Comments: Conjugations are phase II metabolism reactions characterized by an incorporation of endogenous substrate on the molecular structure of drugs normally coming from phase I metabolism reaction. Carboxylic acids are one of the most common groups present in the molecular structure of drugs mainly metabolized by conjugation.For an antihistaminic drug be effective. 10. 11.Molecular structures (drugs) having carboxylic acid. alcohol and/or thio group are mainly metabolized by: a) Oxidation b) Hydrolysis c) Conjugation d) Estherification e) Deamination 9. To be effective. 29 . 4-dimethyl-cyclohexane what is the conformation of the 2-methyl groups in is: a) Equatorial-equatorial b) Conformational-conformational c) Equatorial-spatial d) Geometric-geometric e) Spatial-spatial 14.rotation around single bond II.C Comments: Geometric isomers may be classified as CIS and TRANS depending the spatial position of the molecule around a bond with restricted rotation.Geometrical isomerism may be classified in CIS and TRAS depending the spatial position of the molecule around a bond with restricted rotation. 13.typically rapidly interconverting at room temperature III. One example is conformational isomerism that is characterized by: The relationship between isomers that differ only by rotations around single bond. For compounds 1.They can be enantiomers a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 12. which of the following is an example of geometrical isomerism? a) Butene b) 1-Butene c) 2-Butene d) 3-Butyne e) 1-Butane 13. At each carbon has equatorial and axial conformations. Conformational isomerisms are stereoisomers produced by rotation around single bond. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 14.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Pharmacyprep. 12.C Comments: Isomerism are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different chemical structures. They are normally classified as enantiomers and diastereomers.Conformational isomerism are stereo isomers produced by. Less hydrogen molecules and more oxygen molecules increase the reactivity of the compound or substance. typically rapidly interconverting at room temperature. 2-Butene is an example of molecule having geometric isomerism.com Medicinal Chemistry Comments: Molecules may be classified as more or less reactive depending in the presence of hydrogen and oxygen. The molecules must be stereoisomers. 30 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Cylcohexane may form chair and boat conformations. I. and may be classified in many different ways depending of structure. com Medicinal Chemistry Comments: Equatorial-equatorial is a structural formation of a molecule occurring at the same distance from each extremity of an axis. such estrogen. 31 . progesterone. a) 2 and 3 b) 3 and 2 c) 4 and 1 d) 3 and 1 e) 1 and 3 19. The halogens F.A Comments: Vitamin K has a quinolone on its molecular structure. Which of the following electronic factors makes cloroacetic acid is stronger than acetic acid due to: a) Higher ionization effect b) Higher molecular weight c) Higher disintegration rate d) Electron withdrawal effect e) All are right 15. Br.D Comments: Higher the electron withdrawing effect higher the acidity. Steroid contain how many cyclohexane and cyclopentane respectively in it skeleton.Pharmacyprep.D Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. I has higher electron withdrawing effect.Pyridine is a mono heterocyclic compound very important in the activity of many different drugs. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 19. It is also contain nitro fuctional group 17.Quinolone structure may be found in which of the following substances? a) Vitamin K b) Thiamine c) Cyanocobalamin d) Folic acid e) Vitamin A 17.Steroid structures are common in hormones. The cloroacetic acid is stronger than acetic acid due to higher molecular weight. 16. 15. testosterones. The molecular structure 1. Cl.Strength of acids and base may depends on several electronic factors of molecule. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.4-dihydropyridine is found in: a) Verapamil b) Digoxin c) Clonidine d) Nifedipine e) Diltiazen Ans-D Comments: Nifedipine is calcium channel blocker that has 1.4-dihydropyridine on its structure responsible for its mechanism of action. Conjugation reactions are the most common reactions of phase II drug metabolism.The Bronsted-Lowry theory describe acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor. 20. 22. Which of the following functional group is more susceptible to hydrolysis? a) R-COO-R b) R-O-R c) R-NHCH3 d) R-COOH e) R-CH=O 22.D Comments: Phenol is a weak acid due to stable anion resonance Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.A Comments: Amides and esters are the only groups undergoing hydrolysis.The most common reactions in stomach is hydrolysis.C Comments: Perchloric acid is one of the strongest acids due to its molecular structure. and are responsible mainly for the metabolism of drugs having hydroxyl. Phenol is an acid. The acidic properties of phenol is due to: a) Stable Cation resonance b) Weak dissociation c) Common ion effect d) Stable anion resonance e) Fast dissociation is lipophilic solutions 23.Which of the following is the strongest acid? a) Acetic acid b) Hydrochloric acid c) Perchloric acid d) Benzylic acid e) Carboxylic acid 21.com Medicinal Chemistry Comments: Most of the steroid compounds have three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane ring on their molecular structure. during this phase drug will metabolized to obtain functional groups such as hydroxyl group or carboxyl group and these group in phase II are best metabolized by which of following conjugation reaction: a) Acetylation b) Glucuronidation c) Reduction d) Hydrolysis e) Methylation 20. 32 . carboxyl and amide group on their molecular structure. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Pharmacyprep.B Comments: Glucuronidation is the main reaction of phase II metabolism reactions.Phase I metabolism reaction also known as functionalization metabolism. 23. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 21. Pharmacyprep. 26.The pH value is calculated mathematically as the: a) Log of the hydroxyl ion (OH ¯) concentration b) Negative log of the OH ¯ concentration c) Log of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration d) Negative log of the H+ concentration e) Ratio of H+/OH ¯ concentration 27. the strength of the bond being broken.Wrong statement regarding optical isomerism include: a) To be optimal isomer molecule should contain minimum one chiral or stereogenic center b) Diastereomers are non superimposable mirror image c) Optical isomer rotate plane polarized light d) Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images e) Has one or more chiral center 25.76 o Phenol: pKa=10. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. an indication of the extent of activity of free radicals in an organic reaction.Ans:B Comments: R-COOH is an acid while R-OH is not due to presence of stable anionic resonance.Ans: B Comments: Diastereomers must have more than one stereogenic center and are not mirror image. the stability of the ions being formed. 33 .00 o Ethanol pKa=16.R-COOH is an acid while R-OH is not due to: a) Presence of dipole b) Presence of stable anionic resonance c) Presence of stable cationic resonance d) Presence of stable non-ionic resonance e) Complexation 26. The factors to consider: Two of the factors which influence the ionization of an acid are.Ans: D Comments: pH is the measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution that is calculated mathematically as the negative log of the H+ concentration 28.This reaction is known as: NH4+ + OH ¯ a) First order reaction b) Ionization reaction c) Neutralization reaction d) Equilibrium reaction → H2O + NB3 Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Factors that influence stability of conjugate bases (anions) are size. o Acetic acid: pKa=4.com Medicinal Chemistry 25.00 27. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. resonance. electronegativity. they have superimposed image. Imidazoline is a molecular structure that contain a heterocyclic ring and belongs the molecular structure of: a) Prazosin b) Nifedipine c) Atropine d) Clonidine Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. The TRANS molecular structure is only used in topical preparations. 34 . 31.Molecules that differs only in the length of the side chain a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 29-Ans: C Comments: Bioisosters are functional group or atoms that impact similar physical and chemical properties on biological activity of molecule.Pharmacyprep.A Comments: The molecular structure of isotretinoin.C Comments: NH4+ + OH ¯ → H2O + NB3 is an example of neutralization reaction.May act as antagonist to a normal metabolite III. 30-Which of the following is the molecular structure of isotretinoin.Morphine is the prototype of opioid analgesics.com Medicinal Chemistry e) Protonated reaction 28. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 29. used in oral treatment of acne? a) 13-CIS Retinoic acid b) 13-TRANS Retinoic acid c) 13-CIS-TRANS Retinoic acid d) Retinoic acid e) None of the above 30.Correct statements regarding bioisosters may include: I. used in oral treatment of acne is 13CIS Retinoic acids. The analgesic activity of morphine is dependent of which molecular structure? a) Phenolic hydroxyl group b) p-phenyl-N-alkylpiperidine c) Methyl substitution d) Piperidine e) Phenolic amino group 31.Molecules containing one different group or atom but electronically equivalent II.B Comments: The analgesic activity of morphine is dependent of p-phenyl-Nalkylpiperidine 32. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 7. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 3. hexane and 1-methyl-pentane are examples of isomerism.E Comments: Atropine is an antimuscarinic agent having pyrrolidine and piperidine heterocyclic rings on its molecular structure.Terminal alkyl group easily undergoes oxidation to an acid. 33-Which of the following cardiovascular medications chemically classified as glycoside? A-Digoxin B-Warfarin C-Nitrates D-Nitrites E-Cholestyramine Ans-A CORRECT ANWERS MEDICAL CHEMESTRY 1-C Comments: tetracycline epimerizes to epitetracyclin. 6.D Comments: Clonidine is an antihypertensive drug that depends of its imidazoline molecular structure to be effective.com Medicinal Chemistry e) Allopurinol 32. and the main reaction that undergoes primary amines. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 8.E Comments: Epimerization is the reaction responsible for the transfer of tetracycline to epi-tetracycline 5. which is more stable than tetracyclins 2.C Comments: Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different chemical structure.A Comments: Vinyl group is the univalent group CH2:CH. cholinergic drugs most display a quasi-ring Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Pharmacyprep. 35 .C Comments: Acetylation is a phase II metabolism reaction characterized by the gain of an acyl group.D Comments: Parasympathetic cholinergic drugs have their effect based on nature of their structural molecule. 4.A Comments: 5. To be effective. Molecular structures (drugs) having carboxylic acid. 10.A Comments: Molecules may be classified as more or less reactive depending in the presence of hydrogen and oxygen.C Comments: Geometric isomers may be classified as CIS and TRANS depending the spatial position of the molecule around a bond with restricted rotation. 13. Less hydrogen molecules and more oxygen molecules increase the reactivity of the compound or substance.A Comments: Equatorial-equatorial is a structural formation of a molecule occurring at the same distance from each extremity of an axis.B Comments: Choracetic acid is stronger than acetic acid due to higher molecular weight 16. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.C Comments: Conformational isomerisms are stereoisomers produced by rotation around single bond. alcohol and/or thio group are mainly metabolized by a conjugation.A Comments: Vitamin K has a quinolone on its molecular structure.C Comments: In order for an antihistaminic drug be effective. 2-Butene is an example of molecule having geometric isomerism. 15. they must have a terminal tertiary nitrogen and more than one aryl or heretoaryl group on their molecular structure. 12. 14. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.com Medicinal Chemistry conformation. 18.C Comments: Conjugations are phase II metabolism reactions characterized by an incorporation of endogenous substrate on the molecular structure of drugs normally coming from phase I metabolism reaction. 17. One methyl group of the trimethylammonium group can be replaced by an ethyl group with only slight loss of activity 9. amide.4-dihydropyridine on its structure responsible for its mechanism of action. 36 . Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Pharmacyprep.D Comments: Nifedipine is calcium channel blocker that has 1.E Comments: As much higher is the pKa of the drug stronger will be the acid. typically rapidly interconverting at room temperature. They are normally classified as enantiomers and diastereomers. 11. 25. 23. 26.B Comments: R-COOH is an acid while R-OH is not due to presence of stable anionic resonance.com Medicinal Chemistry 19. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. they have superimposed image. 21.D Comments: Most of the steroid compounds have three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane ring on their molecular structure.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 30.C Comments: Bioisosters are functional group or atoms that impact similar physical and chemical properties on biological activity of molecule. 29. carboxyl and amide group on their molecular structure. an indication of the extent of activity of free radicals in an organic reaction. 22. 27.Pharmacyprep. 37 .C Comments: Chloracetic acid is one of the strongest acids due to its molecular structure.C Comments: NH4+ + OH ¯ → H2O + NB3 is an example of neutralization reaction. and are responsible mainly for the metabolism of drugs having hydroxyl.B Comments: Diastereomers must have more than one stereogenic center and are not mirror image. 20.D Comments: pH is the measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution that is calculated mathematically as the negative log of the H+ concentration 28.E Comments: Molecules may be classified as more or less water-soluble depending in the presence of hydrogen and oxygen.B Comments: Glucuronidation is the main reaction of phase II metabolism reactions.D Comments: Phenol is a weak acid due to stable anion resonance 24.A Comments: Amides and esters are the only groups undergoing hydrolysis. Less hydrogen molecules and more oxygen molecules increase the water solubility of the compound or substance. used in oral treatment of acne is 13CIS Retinoic acids.2003/2004 5.USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 4.CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES .B Comments: The analgesic activity of morphine is dependent of p-phenyl-Nalkylpiperidine 32. 38 .com Medicinal Chemistry Comments: The molecular structure of isotretinoin.MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition. 31. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1.COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS . 3.THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6.Pharmacyprep. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. The TRANS molecular structure is only used in topical preparations.D Comments: Clonidine is an antihypertensive drug that depends of its imidazoline molecular structure to be effective.Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition. Lindane III. 39 .All of the above 4.Example of peptide neurotransmitter that binds to opioids receptors include: a) Acetylcholine b) Norepinephrine c) Epinephrine d) Enkephalins e) GABA Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Precipitated sulfur 6% in petrolatum A. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Which of the following cytochrome is mainly the benzodiazepinic action? a) 1A2 b) 3A4 c) 2D6 d) 2C9 e) 3C2 2.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.When the use of MAO antidepressant is associated with some medications cause a serotonergic syndrome.Scabies preferred treatment in pregnancy.V depression b) Constipation c) Sedation d) CNS depression e) Dilatation of eye pupil 5.PharmacyPREP.I only B. I.II and III only E. lactation and children less than two months old. an example of class of medication that normally cause this syndrome a) Tricycle antidepressants b) Birth control pills c) ß-Blockers d) Digitalis e) H1 inhibitors 3.I and II only D.Which of the following is not a side effect of an opioid analgesic for example morphine: a) C.III only C.Permethrin 5% II. 40 .Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 6.I only B.III only C.CNS depressant that cause retinal damage (ocular damage) include: a) Ethanol b) Alcohol c) Methanol d) Propylalcohol e) Isopropylalcohol 9.Nystatin A. What are the topical anti yeast preparation causes stains: I.All of the above 8. we can classify thiopental as: a) General anesthetic b) Local anesthetic c) Opiate d) Barbiturate e) Benzodiazepinic 10.miconozole 1% II.PharmacyPREP.Topical yeast preparations may be necessary in a diaper dermatitis that has been ongoing for more than three days since it is likely colonized with Canadida and may need preventative anti yeast therapy.I and II only D. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Clotrimazole 2% III. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Which of the following agents may be used as thiopental antagonist? a) Flumazenil b) Naloxone c) Naltrexone d) Atropine e) Aminophilin 11.II and III only E.Thiopental is used in anesthesia due to high distribution in body tissues and fast onset of action.Alzheimer is a progressive disease characterized by relentless and loss of mental function due to lack of: a) Thiamine d) Dopamine c) Acetylcholine d) Norepinephrine e) Serotonin 7.Which of the following is not classified as SSRI’s antidepressant? a) Fluoxetine b) Phenelzine c) Paroxetine Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Benztropine is used in treatment of extra pyramidal syndrome acting as: a) Cholinergic b) Anticholinergic c) Dopaminergic d) Dopamine antagonist e) Serotoninergic 15.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system d) Citalopram e) Sertraline 12.Contra indicated in Parkinson’s disease because decrease dopamine.Act on GABA-A III. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.The effect of inhalation anesthesia may be determined by: I.MAC-Minimum Alveolar Concentration III.Long-term treatment produces tardive dyskinesia III.Enhance GABA transmission II. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Concentration of the drug in the alveolar airway II.Binds with BZ1 and BZ2 receptors a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.A phenothiazine anti-psychotic drug II. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 16.Inhalation anesthesia in not used in children a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 13.Benzodiazepinics as antianxiety agent action: I. 41 .PharmacyPREP.Correct statements regarding chlorpromazine may include: I.Sumatriptan is widely used in migraine treatment acting on: a) 5HT1D/1B agonist b) 5HT1D/1B antagonist c) 5HT2 agonist d) Enkephalin e) Dopamine 14. Drug considered as the drug of choice in the treatment of status epileptics include: a) Oral diazepam b) Diazepam IV c) Carbamazepine IV d) Oral phenytoin e) Clorazepate IV 20.Toxin that inhibit sodium sensitivity channels may include: a) Tetrodotoxin b) Bungarotoxin c) Botulism toxin d) Edrophonium e) None of the above 19.Examples of drug(s) used in petit mal epilepsy treatment may include: I.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 17.Valproic acid II.Diazepam a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 21.Gabapentin III.Dopamine deficiency in the nigrostriatal pathway cause: a) Alzheimer’s disease b) Parkinson’s disease c) Schizophrenia d) Serotoninergic syndrome e) Seizures 22.Secondary: Loss or interference in the action of dopamine in the basal gland III.Characteristics regarding Parkinson’s disease may include which of the following? I.Primary: Loss of substantia nigra neurons II.Secondary Parkinson may be the results of long-term treatment with anti-psychotic drugs a) I only b) III only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 42 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Agent classified as short acting antidepressant may include: a) Lorazepan b) Amitriptiline c) Fluoxetine d) Trazodone e) Citalopram 18. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Plasma binding protein III. EXCEPT: a) Amantadine b) Selegiline c) Pergolide d) Levodopa e) Donezepil 24.Parkinson’s disease may be treated with all of the following agents.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 23.pKa of the drug a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 27.Treated by anti-psychotic medication III.Select the drug whose major metabolites have therapeutically significant pharmacological activity a) Oxazepan b) Nitrazepan c) Diazepan d) Triazolan Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Which of the following factors would be important in determining the concentration of drug that would be reached in the cerebrospinal fluid for treatment of meningitis I. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.The action of acetylcholine in the motor endplates and in the celiac ganglia is described as: a) Nicotinic stimulation b) Muscarinic stimulation c) Dopaminic stimulation d) Adrenergic stimulation e) Serotonine stimulation 25.PharmacyPREP. 43 .Correct statements regarding schizophrenia may include: I.Oil/Water partition coefficient II.Onset of age incidence is normally in later 20’s early 30’s. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 26.Characterized by long term-standing paranoid delusion II. Mydriasis effect II.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system e) Clonazepan 28.Correct statements regarding codeine may include: I.Increases bioavailbility a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 29. 44 . zafirleukast administration with meals: I.PharmacyPREP. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Cholinergic drug III.Pilocarpine normally used in the treatment of glaucoma may cause which of the following effects? I.Used as antitussive especially in children not less than 2 years old II.Leukotriene modifiers. zafirleukast indicated in long term care or mild asthma symptoms over 15 years of age patient.Take atleast 1 hour before and 2 hours after meals III.The mechanism of antipsychotic effect of phenothiazines is thought to: a) Improvement of cholinergic transmission b) Blockage of catecholamines re-uptake c) Blockage of dopamine receptors d) Blockage of enkephalinergic neurons e) Prolactin release 31.Opiod analgesic III.Miosis effect a) I only b) III only c) I and II only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Cause extreme addiction and drug dependency a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 32.Decreases bioavailability II.Drug commonly used with local anesthetic to decrease the absorption and increase the time of action of anesthesia include: a) Epinephrine b) Adrenaline SC c) Isoproterenol d) Aminophiline e) Salmeterol 30. Levodopa is a pro-drug that can cross blood brain barrier a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 34.It is a sympathetic agent a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system d) II and III only e) All are correct 33.Used in general anesthesia providing skeletal relaxation III.Correct statements regarding succinylcholine may include which of the following? I.Correct statements regarding carbidopa + levodopa include: I. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Mechanism of action of levodopa may include: a) Inhibit the dopamine re-uptake b) The small amount that reaches the brain is decarboxylated to dopamine c) Inhibit dopa-decarboxylase enzyme increasing the levels of dopamine d) Inhibit the action of dopamine e) Improve the balance between cholinergic and dopaminergic activity resulting in an increased level of acetylcholine 35. 45 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Carbidopa inhibit dopa-decaboxylase enzyme allowing levodopa reach the brain without suffer alterations III.Used as drug of choice in Alzheimer’s disease II.Non-competitive depolarizing neuromuscular blocker II.PharmacyPREP.Competitive non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker may include: a) Pancuronium b) Succinylcholine c) Nicotine d) Bungarotoxin e) Tetradotoxin 37.Tardive dyskinesia is mainly characterized by an involuntary movement of mouth and tongue that can be a side effect of long term treatment with: a) Phenothiazine b) Chlorpromazine c) Dopamine antagonist drugs d) Antispychotic drugs e) All are correct 36. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 46 .Which of the following is the strongest morphine analog opioid agent? a) Methadone b) Heroin c) Codeine d) Hydrocodone e) Oxycodone 41.Parkinson’s disease II.Examples of drug(s) that may cause secondary-Parkinson’s disease include: a) Haloperidol b) Phenothiazines c) Chlorpromazine d) Clozapine e) All can cause secondary Parkinson’s disease 39.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 38.Spasms and ulcers III.Example of antianxiety drug with great antihistaminic effect may include: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Morphine may be used in adjunct treatment of which of the following conditions? a) Increase intracranial pressure b) High blood pressure c) Emphysema d) Asthma e) Pulmonary edema secondary to left ventricular failure 43.PharmacyPREP.Organophosphates overdose a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 44. EXCEPT: a) Antitussive b) Analgesic c) Antidiarrhea d) Anti-inflammatory e) Pre-anesthetic 40.Opioids may be used as all the following agents.Anticholinergic drugs may be used to treat which of the following conditions? I. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Which of the following opioids can be used as antidiarrheal agent? a) Diphenoxylate b) Butorphanol c) Propoxyphene d) Pentazocine e) Methadone 42. PharmacyPREP. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Fits in receptor II.A hypertensive patient suffering from depression can be taking all of the following. 47 .Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system a) Diazepan b) Hydroxazine c) Memprobamate d) Chlorodiazepoxide e) Oxazepan 45.Damage of the auxiliary nerve is thought to produce: a) Paralysis of the 5th finger b) Impaired sensation c) Numbness of extremities d) Inability to bend the elbow e) Paralysis of hand 47.Bind to plasma proteins III. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Compete at the site where the neurotransmitter is released a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 46.Which of the following vitamins accelerate the metabolism of phenytoin? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B c) Vitamin C d) Folic acid e) Vitamin E Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.For a sympathomimetics drug to be effective it should: I. EXCEPT: a) Clonidine b) Methyldopa c) Reserpine d) Guanithidine e) Hydralazine 48.Drug considered as the drug of choice in the treatment of bipolar-maniac depression may include: a) Carbamazepine b) Lithium c) Phenytoin d) Diazepam e) Valproic acid 49. Adrenaline II.Adrenaline II.Chemical mediator that is released from the end nerve of parasympathetic system: I. 48 . EXCEPT: a) Clonazepan b) Diazepam c) Chlorazepate d) Flurazepan e) Temazepan 53.Drugs classified as intermediate acting benzodiazepinic include: a) Triazolan b) Midazolan c) Diazepan d) Lorazepan e) Oxazepan 52.Acetylcholine a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 54.Acetylcholine a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 55. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Drugs classified as long acting benzodiazepinic include: a) Diazepam b) Lorazepan c) Triazolan d) Alprazolan e) Temazepan 51.One of the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and mediates include: a) GABA b) Serotonin c) Acetylcholine d) Enkephalin Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 50.Noradrenaline III.All the following are examples of long acting benzodiazepinic.PharmacyPREP.Chemical mediator that is released from the end nerve of sympathetic system: I.Noradrenaline III. Tolerance of narcotics is normally characterized by which of the following statements? I.Which of the following anesthetics metabolites is characterized by its PABA structure? a) Amides local anesthetics b) Ester type local anesthetics c) All local anesthetics d) All general anesthetics e) Lidocaine 60.The CNS – Central Nervous System is mainly constituted of: I. 49 .Which of the following may stimulates adrenaline release from adrenal medulla? a) Acetylcholine in very low doses b) Nicotine in very low doses c) Bilirrubine d) Noradrenaline e) None of the above 57. EXCEPT: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.The dose should be first adjusted instead to change for a stronger narcotic. EXCEPT: a) Mepivacaine b) Bupivacaine c) Lidocaine d) Procaine e) Prilocaine 59.Thoracic Lumbar a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 61.Brain II.Decrease sensitivity to receptors III.All are examples of amides local anesthetics.All the following group of drugs have direct action on CNS. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 58.Spinal cord III.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system e) Epinephrine 56.Decrease duration of analgesia II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP. Example of amino acid neurotransmitter may include: a) Tyrosine Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Neurotransmitter with an indole group in its structure include: a) Serotonin b) Acetylcholine c) Histamine d) Dopamine e) PABA 67. 50 .All of the following are important neurotransmitters.Agents well known as precursor of dopamine include: a) Epinephrine b) Tyrosine c) Tyramine d) Norepinephrine e) Thiamine 65.Catecholamines neurotransmitter may include: I.Reaction that converts norepinephrine to epinephrine is normally called: a) Chatecholinization b) Methylation c) Oxidation d) Deamination e) Glutathione conjugation 66.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system a) Cardiotonics b) Analgesics c) Anesthetics d) Antidepressives e) Antipsychotics 62.PharmacyPREP.Dopamine II. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. EXCEPT: a) Acetylcholine b) Dopamine c) Norepinephrine d) Muscarinic-M1 e) Serotonin 63.Norepinephrine III.Epinephrine a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 64. Examples of cholinergic neuroreceptors may include: I. 51 .PharmacyPREP.Nicotinic receptors III.Example of opioid used in the treatment of alcoholism include: a) Morphine b) Naloxone c) Hydrocodone d) Naltrexone e) Codein 72. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Muscarinic receptors II.Serotoninergic receptors a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 69.Opioid widely used during labor due to its less liability to induce neonate respiratory depression include: a) Meperidine b) Morphine c) Methadone d) Fenthanyl e) Oxycodone 73.The major dopaminergic receptor that controls the extrapyramidal system include: a) D1 b) D2 c) D3 d) D4 e) D5 70.Intense pruritus and vasodilatation are side effects of classic opioids due to stimulation and release of: a) Adrenaline Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Which of the following is an example of pure narcotic antagonist? a) Pentazocine b) Butorphanol c) Naltrexone d) Naloxone e) C and D are pure narcotic antagonists 71.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system b) Thiamine c) Histamine d) Glycine e) Glutamate 68. Primidone is a prodrug that when biotransformed become: a) Carbamazepine b) Risperidone c) Phenobarbital d) Lorazepan e) Phenytoin 76.Tricyclic antidepressant with effect in serotonin system used to treat maniac compulsive disorders include: a) Lithium b) Phenelzine c) Clomipramine d) Desipramine e) Nortriptiline 79.Glycine neurotransmitters a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 75.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system b) Histamine c) Serotonin d) Mu receptors e) Histadine 74.Benzodiazepinics neurotransmitters II. 52 .Examples of neurotransmitters used by barbiturates drugs include: I. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Which of the following is a wrong statement regarding lithium? Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. A classic example of MAO is: a) Doxepine b) Reserpine c) Venlafaxine d) Desipramine e) Phenelzine 77.Example of less sedating TCAs-Tricyclic Antidepressants include: a) Desipramine b) Clomipramine c) Amitriptiline d) Imipramine e) Nortriptiline 78.MAO-Monoamine Oxidase inhibitor increases the bioavailability of biogenic amines and are mainly used to treat depression.PharmacyPREP.GABA III. restricting Na permeability in response to partial depolarization d) Do not produce loss of consciousness e) All are correct 83.Antipsychotic drugs are effective in treating all of the following conditions. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Mechanism that best describe the action of general anesthetics include: a) Reversible block nerve impulse conduction b) Reversible loss of sensation at their administration site c) Binds to specific membrane Na ion.Volatile liquid general anesthetic that is more recommended to be used in children include: a) Halothane b) Sevoflurane c) Isoflurane d) Enflurane e) Nitrous oxide Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 53 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Example of general anesthetic with malignant hyperthermia as side effect include: a) Isoflurane b) Halothane c) Sevoflurane d) Nitrous oxide e) Fentanyl 84. restricting Na permeability in response to partial depolarization d) Inhibit sensory.PharmacyPREP.5mEq/L cause over dose symptoms.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system a) Most effective psychiatric medication used to treat bipolar depression b) Interfere with trans membrane Na exchange c) Takes 2 to 3 weeks to start to show pharmacological effect d) Weight gain and weight loss is a side effect of lithium therapy e) Blood levels less than 1. autonomic reflex and skeletal muscles inducing analgesia. 80. EXCEPT: a) Bizarre behavior b) Dellutions and hallucinations c) Schizophrenia d) Parkinson’s disease e) Alzheimer’s disease 81. amnesia and loss of consciousness e) Do not produce loss of consciousness 82-Mechanism of action of local anesthetics may include: a) Reversible block nerve impulse conduction b) Reversible loss of sensation at their administration site c) Binds to specific membrane Na ion. Increases systemic absorption a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 90. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Endorphins may be classified as which of the following? a) Endogenous neurotransmitter b) A new class of topical anti-inflammatory agents c) Neuromuscular blocking agents d) Biogenic amines believed to cause schizophrenia e) Endogenous opioid peptides 86. 54 . suppression.Characteristics of agonist drugs may include which of the following statements? a) Bind to a receptor site and produces 100% of biological response b) Bind to a receptor site but do not produces 100% of the biological response c) Bind to a receptor site and produces 100% biological response only when given in high doses d) Bind to receptor site and block the biological response e) Bind to the receptor site and block the biological response in 50% 88.The action of acetylcholine released from parasympathetic fibers in visceras are mediated by which receptor? a) Muscarinic b) Nicotinic Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Decrease systemic absorption III.Drug dosages that can kills 50% of the experimental animals receiving the drug is called: a) Effective dose b) Minimum dose effect c) Lethal dose d) Maximum dose effect e) Therapeutic index 89. control of inflammation: space/holding chamber devices and mouth washing after inhalation. Inhaled carticosteroids indicated in asthma long term prevention symptoms.PharmacyPREP.Decreases local side effects II.Example of MAO-B inhibitor used to treat Parkinson’s disease include: a) Hydralazines b) Phenelzine c) Selegeline d) Clomipramine e) Levodopa 87.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 85. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. I. 55 .Somatic Nervous System II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system c) Adrenergic d) Dopaminic e) Serotonergic 91. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Autonomic Nervous System III-Spinal cord a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 95.The major neurotransmitter for sympathetic postganglionic fibers is known as: a) Dopamine b) Acetylcholine c) Epinephrine d) Norepinephrine e) GABA 93.Stimulation of blood vessels by α1-receptors may causes: a) Dilation b) Constriction c) Increase in blood flow d) Vasodilatation e) All are wrong 94.Which of the following neurotransmitter is used by all preganglionic fibers of the autonomic nervous system? a) Dopamine b) Acetylcholine c) Epinephrine d) Norepinephrine e) GABA 92.Acetylcholine is an ester neurotransmitter synthesized from: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Part of nervous system responsible for body homeostasis: a) Central Nervous System b) Somatic Nervous System c) Spinal cord d) Autonomic nervous system e) Brain 96.PharmacyPREP.The peripheral nervous system is anatomically divided in: I. Botulism toxins are used in the treatment of prolonged muscle spasm where a small amount of the toxin is injected directly into a muscle fiber.Nicotinic receptors are mainly found in: I.Which of the following antianxiety agents causes the least sedation? a) Diazepan b) Buspirone c) Chlordiazepoxide d) Oxazepan e) Chlorazepate Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system a) Gluthamine b) Tyrosine c) Acetyl CoA d) Dopa e) Cathecolamines 97.Malignant hyperthermia can be a side effect of general anesthetics and may be treated by: a) Aminophillin b) Terbutaline c) Dantrolene d) Pancuronium e) Dobutamine 101. causing the muscle to relax.Motor end plate II.Adrenal medulla III-Autonomic ganglia a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 98.Prototype of muscarinic antagonist class of drugs: a) Atropine b) Scopolamine c) Ipratropium d) Benztropine e) Oxybutynin 99. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP. 56 . What is the action of botulism toxins in acetylcholine? a) It blocks the release of acetylcholine b) It increase the release of acetylcholine c) It inhibit the nicotinic receptors d) It stabilizes the serum acetylcholine e) It increase the action of acetylcholine 100. Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 102-What is drug of choice in Petit-mal seizure? A-Diazepam B-Phenytoin C-Carbamazepine D-Valproic acid and ethosuximide E-Gabapentin Ans-D 103-Valproic acid is used in treatment of a.Fabrile seizure in children d.Petit-mal b. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 57 .All of the above e.A and C only Ans-D 104-Anticonvulsive agent that cause kidney stones? A-Topiramate 105-Phenytoin causes elevation of blood glucose levels by? A-Increasing insulin degradation B-Decreasing insulin release C-Increasing glucose absorption D-increasing glycogen release Ans-B 106-Side effects of phenytoin are? A-Gingival hyperplacia B-Steven Jhonson syndrome C-Hirsutism D-All of the above E-A and C Ans-D 107-Epilepsy cause due to deficiency of? A-Sodium ion B-GABA C-Serotonin D-Dopamine E-Acetyl choline Ans-B 108-Early symptoms of epilepsy are? A-Part of brain is involved B-Sensory seizure or focal motor seizure Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.PharmacyPREP. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Grand-mal c. and this do not involve secondary messenger system? A-Alpha (NE) B-D2 (DA) C-Ach (N) D-5HT (serotonin) E. 110-All of the following are antimuscarinic drugs that are used in treatment of antipsychotic induced parkinsonism.PharmacyPREP. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system C-Patient is conscious D-All of the above Ans-D 109-Which one of the following CNS receptors is directly coupled to an ion channels. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Except: A-Benzotropin B-Trihexphenidyl C-Bromocriptine D-Diphenhydramine E-Procyclidine 111-What type of local anesthetic is the most effective? A-The most hydrophilic B-The most lipophilic C-The least hydrophilic D-The least lipophilic Ans-B 112-Metabolism of local anesthetic takes place in? A-Skin B-Tissue C-Liver D-Gut E-Local area Ans-C CORRECT ANSWERS NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. 58 . in the CNS are present on less than 5% of the neuronal population. 2. Ach receptors.B Comments: Generally benzodiazepinics binds to the most abundant cytochrome P-450 in the body: 3A4.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.None of the above Ans-C Tips. Pemethrin 5% is currently preferred treatment for adults and children older than two months.D Comments: Enkephalins are pentapeptides that bind to opioid receptors. 5. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Canada 4.Serotoninergic syndrome is characterized by agitation. 10. 12. 6. mood. 11. 3.B Comments: Scabies preferred treatment in pregnancy.E Comments: Aminophillin is considered the thiopental antagonist drug.C Comments: Methanol when is metabolized form formaldehyde that is a very toxic substance causing retinal damage.E Comments: Morphine causes a miosis side effect therefore diminishes eye pupil. CPhA. It mainly happens with the concomitant use of MAO antidepressant with other medication that also have interference in the serotonin neuroreceptors an example of drugs that may cause this syndrome is clomipramine. P. coma and death.C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. They act as neurotransmitter or neuromodulators at many locations in the brain and spinal cord and play a part in pain perception. Lindane 1% has convulsions as side effect.B Comments: Phenelzine is a MAO-Monoamino Oxidase inhibitor antidepressant. Ref: Patient Selfcare. hypotension.PharmacyPREP. low levels of acetylcholine and high levels of dopamine.B Comments: Nystatin known to cause staining 8.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system Comments: . meperidine and Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors antidepressives. movement. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.613 1st edition. lactation and children less than two months old is Precipitated sulfur 6% in petrolatum. neuromuscular rigidity.C Comments: Comments: Alzheimer’s is a progressive disease characterized by a imbalance of acetylcholine and dopamine. 9. 7.D Comments: Thiopental is a barbiturate mainly used as adjunct in general anesthesia. behaviour and neuroendocrine regulation. 59 . when occurs loss or Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 18. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 60 . 15.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system Comments: Inhalation anesthesia is the most used method of general anesthesia for children 13.A Comments: Tetradotoxin is a toxin that inhibits sodium sensitivity channels. 14. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.B Comments: Parkinson’s disease is mainly caused by hypofunction of nigrostriatal pathway resulting in decrease of dopamine levels and increase of acetylcholine levels. as side effect of its long-term therapy. It can be classified as primary.E Comments: Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine anti-psychotic drug completely contra indicated in Parkinson’s disease because decrease dopamine levels and may cause tardive diskinesia. 21. 16. It is used in the abortive treatment of migraine. when occurs loss of substantia nigra neurons and secondary.A Comments: Valproic acid is the drug of choice in the treatment of petit-mal epilepsy. 20. 19. 22.A Comments: Sumatriptan activate serotonin receptors-5HT1B/1D agonists.B Comments: Benztropine is a parasympathetic anti-cholinergic agent used specifically in the treatment of extra pyramidal syndrome-Parkinson’s disease.PharmacyPREP. 17.E Comments: Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a decrease in dopamine levels causing tremors and muscular rigidity among other symptoms.C Comments: Benzodiazepinics bind to GABA-A and enhance its transmission.D Comments: Trazodone is the shortest acting antidepressant agent.B Comments: Diazepan IV is the most appropriate drug in treating status epileptics due to its fastest onset of action. abnormal movements of tongue and mouth. Phenobarbital and clonazepan are also used. in all autonomic ganglia and in the adrenal medulla. As much the drug is bound to plasma protein less drug will reach the site of action. 24. 28.C Comments: Zafirleukast with meals deccreases bioavailability. 26.E Comments: Oil/Water partition coefficient is one of the most important considerations when choosing a drug for treatment of meningitis because completely water-soluble drugs cannot cross blood brain barrier.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system interference in the action of dopamine in the basal gland. delusions. normally due to drug induction as per example long-term treatment with anti-psychotic drugs. 31. 61 . 25. 32.E Comments: Donezepil is used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and it is completely contra-indicated in Parkinson’s because of decrease in dopamine levels. It is classified as moderate.C Comments: Codeine is not a strong opioid analgesic. Antipsychotic drugs mainly treat it. 30. PKa of the drug is other very important factor to be considered when determining the concentration of drug that would reach the cerebrospinal fluid 27.E Comments: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by disturbances in form and content of thought.A Comments: Nicotinic receptors are found at the motor end plate. 23. loss of sense of self and relationship to the external world and behavior. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 29.A Comments: Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor used in adjunct with local anesthesia to increase the duration of action of local anesthetic agents.PharmacyPREP. hallucinations. codeine is not well known as a drug that causes extremely dependency or strong drug dependency. mood disorder. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.C Comments: Antispychotic drugs are used to reduce the intensity and frequency of psychotic symptoms. They act primarily by blocking dopamine receptors.D Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.C Comments: Diazepan metabolites have therapeutically significant pharmacological activity. Although it may cause addiction as most of all opioids. PharmacyPREP.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system Comments: Pilocarpine is a parasympathetic cholinergic agent that causes miosis. 33- D Comments: Carbidopa + Levodopa is the drug of choice in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, levodopa when used alone loss part of its action due suffer decarboxylation from dopa-decarboxylase enzyme, thus carbidopa is used in combination to inhibit dopadecarboxylase enzyme allowing levodopa reach the brain without suffer alterations 34- B Comments: Levodopa is a prodrug that cross blood brain barrier however it loss most of its action in the way to reach the brain crossing blood brain barrier just a small amount of the drug that is decarboxylated to dopamine. 35- E Comments: Tardive dyskinesia is mainly characterized by an involuntary movement of mouth and tongue that can be a side effect of long-term treatment with phenothiazines, dopamine antagonist drugs and other antispychotic drugs. 36- A Comments: Pancuronium is a nicotinic antagonist neuromuscular junction blocker acting as competitive non-depolarizing agent. : 37- C Comments: Succinylcholine is a nicotinic antagonist neuromuscular junction blocker acting as non-competitive depolarizing agent. It is mainly used as adjunct in general anesthesia providing skeletal relaxation. 38- E Comments: Secondary Parkinson’s disease can be induced by most of antipsychotic drugs due to decrease in dopamine levels by the blockage of dopamine neurotransmitters. 39- D Comments: Opioids have no action as anti-inflammatory agents. 40- B Comments: Heroin is the strongest morphine analog. 41- A Comments: Diphenoxylate, well known as lomotil, and loperamide are opioids used in the treatment of diarrhea. 42- E Comments: Morphine also may be used in adjunct treatment of pulmonary edema secondary to left ventricular failure. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 62 PharmacyPREP.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 43- E Comments: Anticholinergic drugs as benztropine can be used to treat Parkinson’s disease. Scopolamine another anticholinergic drug is used to treat spasms and ulcers and atropine, the anticholinergic prototype can be used to treat organophosphates overdose, so all are correct answers. 44- B Comments: Hydroxazine is an antianxiety drug with great antihistaminic effect 45- A Comments: One of the most important considerations in the effectiveness of a drug is fit it into receptor to produce the biological or pharmacological response. 46- D Comments: Damage of the auxiliary nerve will lead to inability to bend the elbow. 47- C Comments: Reserpine is used in the treatment of hypertension and should be avoid in patients suffering depression because it acts depleting tissues and central nervous system stores of catecholamines and serotonin. 48- B Comments: Lithium is the most effective psychiatric medication used to treat bipolar depression disorder 49- D Comments: Phenytoin deplete the body of folate stores, supplementation with folic acid may result in lowered serum phenytoin concentration and possible loss of seizure control, therefore, an increase in phenytoin dosage is necessary in patients who receives folate supplementation. 50- A Comments: Diazepan is one of the longest acting benzodiazepinic with duration of action up to 48 hours. 51- D Comments: Intermediate acting benzodiazepinics include: Alprazolan, bromazepan, lorazepan and temazepan. 52- E Comments: Temazepan is an intermediate acting benzodiazepinic. 53- C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 63 PharmacyPREP.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system Comments: Noradrenaline and adrenaline are chemical mediator that are released from the end nerve of sympathetic system 54- B Comments: Acetylcholine is the only chemical mediator that is released from the end nerve of parasympathetic system 55- B Comments: GABA is a neurotransmitter permeable to Cl ions and the major inhibitor of Central Nervous System. 56- B Comments: Nicotine in low doses stimulates the release of adrenaline from adrenal medulla. 57- E Comments: Tolerance of narcotics results in a decrease of sensitivity to receptors and therefore decreases in the duration of analgesia. 58- D Comments: Procaine is an ester local anesthetic. 59- B Comments: Ester local anesthetics have similar structure with GABA neurotransmitter. 60- C Comments: Thoracic lumbar is part of peripheral nervous system. 61- A Comments: Cardiotonics interfere with autonomic-peripheric nervous system. 62- D Comments: Muscarinic-M1 is a cholinergic neuroreceptor, not neurotransmitter. 63- E Comments: Dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine are catecholamines neurotransmitters due the presence of a catecholamine group on their molecular structure. 64- B Comments: Tyrosine is the precursor of dopamine. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 64 C Comments: Primidone is a barbiturate prodrug that when biotransformed in the body become Phenobarbital. 69. 74.D Comments: Barbiturates use glycine and GABA neurotransmitters.E Comments: Phenelzine is a hydralazine monoamine oxidase inhibitor used to treat depression. 68. 72. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.D Comments: Glycine is the only amino acid neurotransmitter. 65 .B Comments: Classic opioid can prompt the release of histamine causing intense pruritus and vasodilatation. the longest acting barbiturate.E Comments: Pentazocine and buthorphanol are mixed agonist and antagonist agents therefore cannot be considered pure as naltrexone and naloxone. 75. 67. 71.A Comments: Meperidine is the opioid analgesic of choice administrated during labor due to its less liability to induce neonate respiratory depression.B Comments: D2 dopamine neuroreceptor is the one responsible for the control of extrapyramidal syndrome. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 73.C Comments: Cholinergic neuroreceptors include only muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.A Comments: Serotonin is 5HT-5-Hydroxyl-Tryptamine permeable to Na and K ions with an indole group on its molecular structure. 77. Benzodiazepinic neurotransmitters are the use exclusive of benzodiazepinic drugs.PharmacyPREP.B Comments: Norepinephrine is converted to epinephrine through mediation of phenylethanol-amine-methyl transferase enzyme by a reaction called methylation. The best example for these symptoms is morphine.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 65.D Comments: Naltrexone is given orally in the treatment of alcoholism. 76. 70. 66. 78. 81. excessive urination.D Comments: General anesthetics induce a combined state of analgesia.E Comments: Local anesthetics reversible block nerve impulse conduction producing reversible loss of sensation only at administration site. It blocks the central catabolism of dopamine. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. therefore it may be used to treat maniac compulsive disorders.D Comments: Antipsychotic drugs act by blocking dopamine receptors. 83. therefore they cannot be used to treat Parkinson’s disease that is already characterized by decrease in dopamine levels. it is indicated in the early stage of Parkinson’s and in adjunct of levodopa treatment. tremors.PharmacyPREP. 66 .Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system Comments: Desipramine is the least sedating tricyclic antidepressant while amitriptiline is the most sedating one. 80. It also exert action on serotonin system. 79.C Comments: Clomipramine enhance the action of biogenic amines by inhibiting their reuptake.C Comments: Selegeline is the only MAO-B used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. 86.E Comments: Endorphin are opioids endogenous neurotransmitters.B Comments: Halothane is a volatile liquid used in inhaled anesthesia and may cause malignant hyperthermia. 85. 82.A Comments: Halothane is the most recommended general anesthetic in the anesthesia induction of children. 87. thirst and diabetes insipidus. loss of consciousness. inhibition of sensory and autonomic reflex and skeletal muscle relaxant. dizziness. 84.A Comments: An agonist drug is a compound that binds to a receptor and produces the biological response. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. nausea. mild diarrhea. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. amnesia. therefore they do not produce loss of consciousness.E Comments: Main side effects of lithium therapy include: Loss of appetite. 89.C Comments: The lethal dose is the dose that kills 50% of the animals that receive it. The lethal dose is mainly compared with the effective dose to determine the therapeutic window of a drug.E Comments: Nicotinic receptors are found at the motor end plate. 95. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 67 . 94. 93. Effective methodology in determining both the range of effective drug concentration and the safety of the drug. 98. in all autonomic ganglia.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 88. mostly vasoconstriction. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. At the target organ norepinephrine interacts with a variety of receptors. The acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors on the postganglionic cell. and in the adrenal medulla.PharmacyPREP.A Comments: Botulism toxins prevent and/or completely block acetylcholine release.B Comments: All preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine as their transmitter.A Comments: Atropine is the prototype of parasympathetic anticholinergic group of drugs. 96. and systemic absorption 90.C Comments: Decrease local side effect. 97.B Comments: Activation of alpha-receptors causes contraction or constriction. 92. It is action is terminated by acetylcholinesterase.D Comments: Most of the sympathetic postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine.C Comments: Spinal cord is a part of central nervous system.D Comments: The autonomic nervous system is responsible for maintaining the internal environment of the body called “homeostasis”. 99. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 91.C Comments: Acetylcholine is synthesized from acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) and choline. At the target organ acetylcholine interacts with muscarinic receptors.A Comments: All of the parasympathetic postganglionic fibers release acetylcholine. CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES . It is very well preferred when compared with other anxiolitic agents due to its least side.B Comments: Buspirone is an atypical anxiolitic agent that binds to dopamine and serotonin. 4.2003/2004 5.THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6. no addiction and no CNS depressant activity.COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autonomic nervous system 100.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS .MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition. non-drowsiness.Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition. 101.USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I.C Comments: Dantrolene may be used in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia. 68 .PharmacyPREP. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1. a side effect associated with the use of general anesthetics. 3. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. E Comments: In order for an antihistaminic drug be effective. 4.PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 69 .More than one aryl or heteroaryl group III.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics PHARMACY PREP MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY OF AUTOCOIDS AND ANALGESICS 1-The activity of which of the following drug is depends on p-phenyl-N-alkypiperidine moiety? A-Acetaminophen B-Aspirin C-Naproxen D-Diazepam E-Morphine Ans-E 2-Which of the following drug structure is derivative of N-methyl-p-phenyl piperidine (ethyl 1methyl-4-phenylpiperidine): A-Haloperidol B-Phenytoin C-Meperidine D-Phenobarbital E-Procainamide Ans-C Tips: N-methyl-p-phenyl piperidine is the common to opioid analgesic and ethyl 1-methyl-4phenylpiperidine is derivative. they must have a terminal tertiary nitrogen and more than one aryl or heteroaryl group on their molecular structure.Presence of C−C between C−O and C-N groups a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans.A terminal tertiary nitrogen II. gives the activity of? A-Agonist B-Partial agonist C-Antagonist D-mixed agonist and antagonist E-Partial antagonist Ans-C Tips: Nalaxone antagonist activity is due to presence of allyl group on opioids structure. it must have which of the following molecular characteristics on its structure? I. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.For a first generation antihistaminic drug be effective. present in meperidine. 3-Allyl group is present in opioids structure. PharmacyPrep.81mg B. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 70 .975mg E. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.All of the above Ans-A 6-Anti-inflammatory action of ASA is due to? A-Irreversible inhibition of platelet aggregation B-Prevention of prostaglandin synthesis C-Inhibition of COX-I receptors D-Inhibition of Cox-1 and Cox-II receptors E-Inhibition of Cox-II receptors Ans-B 7-What is antidote of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)? A-N-acetylcysteine B-Flumezanil C-Nalexone D-Naltrexone E-None of the above Ans8-Which of the following is the urinary tract analgesic? A-ASA B-Naproxen C-Ibuprofen D-Phenazopyridine E-Sulindac Ans-D 9-Which of the following is the strongest analgesic for acute pain? A-ASA B-Naproxen C-Ibuprofen D-Acetaminophen E-Ketorolac (Toradol) Ans10-Which of the following analgesic is least likely cause addiction? A-Morphine B-Heroin C-Codeine D-Tramadol E-Methadone Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.650mg D.325mg C.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics 5-Which of the following dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) used for its antiplatelet action? A. 71 . and kappa receptors E-Delta and kappa receptors only 12-The following groups are essential for antihistamine pharmacological activity: I-Aromatic or heteroaromatic rings in structure II-Tertiary amines in structure III-Chain of alkyl group in structure A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E 13-H2 receptor antagonist. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Branchoconstriction A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-A 14-All of the following are side effects of atropine EXCEPT: A-Dry mouth B-Urinary retention C-Constipation D-Clurred vision “sandy eyes” E-Diarrhea Ans-E 15-Which of the following drugs will decrease stomach acid secretions. I. mechanistically blocking of H2 histaminic receptors.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics Ans-D 11-Tramadol act on? A-NE reuptake only B-NE reuptake and mu receptors C-Mu receptors only D-mu.PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Reduce gastric acid secretion II.Reduce allergic symptoms III. delta. A-Hydroxyzine B-Cetrazine C-Fluoxazine D-Omeprazole Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPrep.Misoprostol D-Cetrizine E-Calcium hydroxide Ans- Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. This action permits a longer duration of action causing platelet aggregation and acetylation of 18-Serotonin: A-Imidazole B-tryptophan C-indole D-Piperidine E-pyrrolidine 19-What is the prevention for NSAID induced GI ulcers: A-Omeprazole B-Zantac C. Ans: D Comments: Aspirin is the only drug that irreversibly inhibits the enzyme. Ans-D 17-The mechanism of action of aspirin that results in greater effect as an antiplatelet drug is because of: A-Selective COX I inhibitor B-Selective COX II inhibitor C-COX I and COX II inhibitor D-Acetylate cyclooxygenase E-Inhibits lipoxygenase aswell as cyclooxygenase. 16-Lipoxigenase function in the following mechanism: A-Conversion of arachidonoic acid to prostaglandin B-Conversion of histidine to histamine C-Conversion of tryptophan to serotonin D-Conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotriene E-Inhibits Leukocyte migration.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics E-Ranitidine Ans-E Comments: hydroxazine and cetrazine are H1 antagonist Omeprazole---is a Proton pump inhibitor Ranitidine-H2 antagonist. 72 . 73 . A-Latanoprost (Xalatan) B-Timolol C-Bimatoprost (Lumigan) D-Misoprostol E-Dinoprostone Ans-A 23-Prostaglandins contain the following fragment in the structure: I-Cyclopentane ring contain carbonyl and hydroxyl group II-Long chain alkyl group. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics 20-Misoprostol (Cytotec) is used for prevention of NSAID induced ulcers. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPrep. III-Keto and hydroxyl position indicate subscript of prostaglanding analogs A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III Only E-All of the above Ans-E 24-What is the mechanism of action of montelukast (Singulair)? A-Leukotriene inhibitors B-LTC4 and LTD4 inhibitors C-Cyclooxygenase inhibitors D-5HT1D inhibitors E-Antihistamines Ans-B Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. is classified as: I-PGI II-PGE2 III-PGE1 A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-B 21-The following drug indicated to induce cervical ripening in pregnancy: Latonoprost (Xalatan) Travoprost (Travatan) C-Bimatoprost (Lumigan) D-Misoprostol E-Dinoprostone Ans-E 22-Which of the following prostaglandin inhibitor indicated in the treatment of Open angle glaucoma. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 3 and 4 Ans-A 27-Which of the following prescription require written prescription only: A-Tylenol 1--signature B-Tylenol 2 C-Tylenol 3 D-Tylenol 4 E-Tylenol 3 and 4 Ans-D 28-All of the following are propionic acid derivatives EXCEPT: A-Naproxen B-Ibuprofen C-Ketoprofen D-Aspirin E-Carprofen Ans-B 29-Pyrazole ring is present in the following drug structure: A-Aspirin B-Acetominophen C-Celecoxib D-Ibubrofen E-Ketoprofen Ans-C 30-All of the following are catechol amine neurotransmitters. EXCEPT: A-Tyrosine Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics 25-Which of the following can be dispensed without prescription: I-8 mg of codeine II-19 mg /5mL of codeine solution in acetaminophen III. 74 .PharmacyPrep.300mg acetaminophen+8 mg codeine + caffeine A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-D 26-Which of the following does not require prescription: A-Tylenol 1 B-Tylenol 2 C-Tylenol 3 D-Tylenol 4 E-Tylenol 2. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 75 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPrep. this contain indole ring which catalyzed to 5hydroxy tryptophan by the following enzyme: HOOC NH2 NH2 NH2 HO HOOC N H N H Tryptophan HO (5-HTP) Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase N H Serotonin (5-HT) A-Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase B-Tryptophan decarboxylase C-Tryptophan hydroxylase D-Indole hydroxylase E-Tryptophan dehydroxylase Ans-C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Com Medicinal Chemistry of autocoids and analgesics B-Dopa C-Dopamine D-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) E-Norepinephrine Ans-A 31-Serotonin (5HT) is synthesized from tryptophan. www. K.com PHARMACY PREP.Thrombolytics (fibrinolytic) agents are contra indicated in I-Myocardial infarction II-Hypertensive patients III-Bleeding from the GIT a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 3. this means that a) High accumulation of metabolite b) High concentration of drug protein binding c) High volume of distribution d) High concentration of drug in the systemic circulation e) High accumulation of drugs into tissues 4.Normal osmotic blood pressure in a health adult: a) 280mOsm/L b) 280Osm/L c) 280mOsm/ml d) 280Osm/ml e) 280mOsm/100ml 5-Which increase water permeability at collecting tubules? a) ADH b) Hydroclorothiazide c) Aldosterone d) Triametrene e) Spirolactone Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Cl and Ca.Patient with renal failure and normal liver function is showing sensibility to the drug. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. a) Acetozalamide b) Spirolactone c) Hydroclorotiazide d) Furosemide e) Triametrene 2.pharmacyprep. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 1-Diuretic characterized for the decrease of Na. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 75 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Quinidine III.A man with blood group AB can receive blood from: a) A b) B c) AB d) O e) All the above 9. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Doctor blood pressure monitor shows BP180/110 II. a thiazide diuretic have an identical molecular group very important in their structure knows as: a) Sulfonamide group b) Pyrimidine group c) Purine group d) Pyrrolidine group e) Ether group 8.com 6.The pharmacy blood pressure monitor shows BP180/110 III.Acetozalamide.Cholestyramine a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 7. a carbonic anhydrase diuretic and hydroclorothiazide.Digoxin is cardiac digitalis widely used in CV which toxicity is increased by I. 76 .Abnormal persistent dilatation of blood vessels is known as: a) Embolism b) Aneurism Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Erythromycin II.When would will advise patient that he may suffer from hypertension and he may need to see a doctor? I.pharmacyprep.His monitor shows BP120/80 a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 10-During absolute refractory period the myocardial fiber: a) Receive the strongest stimulation b) It is relaxed but is able to respond to any stimulus c) Respond to the most sensible stimulus d) Do not respond to any stimulus e) None of the above 11.www. com c) Emphysema d) Starvation e) Atheroscherosis 12. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.An embolus can be a clot or a foreign material transported in the circulation a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 13.It has antithrombin III as it co-factor a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 14.It has anticoagulant proprieties that inhibit the conversion of prothrombim to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin III. organic acid present naturally in many tissues especially in lungs and liver.Diltiazem a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.www.Correct statements regarding embolism include: I.It is a mucopolysacaride. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Which of the following calcium channel blockers cause bradycardia I. II.Verapamil III.pharmacyprep.Abnormal dilatation of blood vessel II.Which of the following statements regarding HEPARIN is/are right I.Heparin and warfarin are very popular anticoagulant agents. What is wrong regarding heparin and warfarin? a) Both have anticoagulant proprieties b) Warfarin has activity only in vivo c) Heparin has activity only in vivo d) Heparin has activity in vivo and in vitro e) All are correct 15. 77 .Obstruction of a blood vessel by a mass transported in the circulation III.Nifedipine II. 78 .www.Adjunct therapy with heparin III.pharmacyprep. is an anticoagulant agent has its effect is potentiates by: I.Warfarin.Adjunct therapy with salicylates a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 18. One of the biggest cautions in using α-blockers is the development of: a) Tachycardia b) Bradycardia c) Orthostatic hypotension d) Hypotension e) Increase in cardiac output Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Heparin III.Important characteristics regarding the blood formed elements may include: I.α-blockers are mainly used in CV complications.A patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can be treated by: I.com 16.Warfarin a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 20.Deficiency of Vitamin K II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Streptokinase II.Red Blood Cells (RBC) is originated from erythrocytes and has a life span of 120 days (4 months) II.Platelets are involved in blood clot and have a life span is 7 to 10 days III.Platelets are originated from megakariocyts a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 17.All are drugs that decrease Low Density Lipoproteins. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. EXCEPT: a) Colfibrate b) Genfibrozil c) Cimetidine d) Sinvastatin e) Pravastatin 19. The blood weights 7 to 8% of the total body weight of a health adult. biliary.The first location where blood is present in case of left ventricular failure: a) Liver b) Lung c) Heart d) Kidney e) Brain 25.pharmacyprep.www.Nitrates are mainly used in angina treatment.During inspiration the lowest blood pressure in supine position is: a) Vena cava b) Internal carotid artery c) Aorta artery d) Sciatic artery e) Pulmonary artery 23. gastrointestinal.All of the following are ACE-Angiotensin Covertase Inhibitor.Which of the following theories relates the tension.com 21. True statement regarding nitrates may include: I. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 79 . EXCEPT a) Enalapril b) Captopril c) Ramipril d) Lisinopril e) Losartan 22.Nitrates relaxes vascular smooth muscle and in addition relax bronchial. urethral and uterine smooth muscles. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. How much of these percentages are represented approximately in liter of blood? a) 4 to 6L b) 7 to10L c) 7 to 8L d) 10L e) 15L 26. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Nitrates are esters of nitric acid.Nitrates are prodrugs and must be denitrated to exert their therapeutic effect III. radius of vessel and intraluminal pressure achieved in a blood vessel wall? a) Fick’s law b) Ahhrenius c) LaPlace’s law d) Newtonian law e) Henderson law 24. II. 80 .Examples of drugs affecting platelet aggregation may include: I.Spirolactone is an aldosterone antagonist diuretic that competes with aldosterone at: a) Proximal tubule b) Early distal tubule c) Early collecting tubule d) Collecting tubule e) End of collecting tubule 31.Ticlopidine II. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Increase glomerular filtration rate. II.www.Dobutamine is a direct acting inotropic agent parenteraly used in cardiac emergences and characterized by: I.Increase myocardial contractility. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Aspirin a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Increase cardiac output III. causing hypercloremia is: a) Acetazalamide b) Amiloride c) Furosemide d) Ouabain e) Hydroclorotiazide 29.com d) II and III only e) All are correct 27.Clopidrogel III. renal blood flow and sodium excretion a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 30.Example of diuretic that increases the levels of Cl.Which of the following diuretics is used to block Na/H exchange system of the renal tubule: a) Indapamide b) Ouabain c) Spirolactone d) Acetazalamide e) Amiloride 28. very useful in myocardial infarction.pharmacyprep. All are side effects of hydroclorothiazide. a thiazide diuretic.Result in poor pump function III.pharmacyprep.CHF-Congestive Heart Failure is a cardiac disorder: I.Resulted from any cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to deliver adequately quantity of blood to the metabolizing tissues II.Drugs that may affect the normal activity of warfarin include: a) Ibuprofen b) Aspirin c) Vitamin K d) Acetaminophen e) All are correct 37. glycosides molecular structure consist of steroidal nucleon and: a) Sugars b) Polypeptides c) Carbohydrates d) Proteins Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Glycosides are widely used in the treatment of CHF.www. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 36.com 32.Prazosin is a sympathetic agent used in hypertension acting as: a) β-adrenergic b) α-adrenergic c) β-adrenergic blocker d) α-adrenergic blocker e) α and β-adrenergic blocker 34. EXCEPT: a) Hypokalemia b) Hypoglycemia c) Hyponatremia d) Hypercalcemia e) Hyperuricemia 35. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.β-blockers are the BEST treatment for CHF. 81 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.What kind of arrhythmia can be caused by an increase in temperature? a) Ventricular premature depolarization b) Atrial fibrillation c) Paroxysmal arrhythmia d) Ventricular tachycardia e) None of the above 33. An important advantage of using dopamine in cardiac shock may include: a) It will not cross BBB and cause CNS effect b) It has no effect on α and β-receptors c) It produces dose-dependent increasing cardiac output and renal perfusion d) It will not increase blood pressure e) It can be given orally 43.Verapamil III. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 82 .Hydralazine III.Bradycardia and orthostatic hypotension are characteristic side effects of: I.www.Guanabenz II.Vasodilators a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 42. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Sterosis: a) Dilatations of blood vessels b) Increase in cardiac output c) Accumulation of cholesterol in blood vessels d) Narrowing of blood vessels e) High pressure in blood vessels 39.Which of the following diuretics may shows an uricosuric activity???? a) Spirolactone b) Furosemide Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Diltiazen II.Calcium channel blocker that may cause myocardial infarction as side effect include: I.com e) Hormones 38.pharmacyprep.Nifedipine a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 41.The first tissue that receive the greatest cardiac output at rest: a) Lung b) Liver c) Kidney d) Muscle e) Fat 40. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 83 .It depletes fibrinogen III. Which would be the best choice for changing this medication? a) Ramipril b) Losartan c) Amlodipine d) Indapamide e) Captopril 47. however he is complaining from severe dry cough that we can associated as a side effect of the enalapril.Angina. an antithrombolitic agent is characterized by: I.pharmacyprep.Hypotension III. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Tremor II.www. a cardiovascular complication characterized by the oxygen insufficiency my be aggravated by all of the following.The use of sildenafil together with atenolol may result in: I.Ancrod.It is derivated from snake venom II.Visual disturbance a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 46.A diabetic patient suffering from hypertension is having enalapril.Drug of choice when treating hypertension in a diabetic patient may include: a) ACE inhibitors b) β-Blockers c) Calcium Channel Blockers d) Digitalis e) Nitrates 48. EXCEPT: a) Exercise b) Hot places c) Cold places d) Anger Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com c) Chlortalidone d) Triamterene e) Chlorothiazide 44.It is an alternative to heparin a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 45. Correct statements regarding blood pressure may include: I.Atenolol a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 50.VLDL-Very Low Density Lipoproteins are formed in the liver Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. II.Furosemide III.Cholesterol: I.Digitalis is contra indicated in the treatment of: a) Myocardial infarction b) Coronary Heart Diseases c) Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) d) Arrhythmias e) Venous congestion 51. 84 .pharmacyprep.Which is the best describe the proprieties of labetolol: a) β-blocker b) α-blocker c) β1 and α-blocker d) β non selective and α-blocker e) β2-blocker 53. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Diastolic pressure is the lowest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle III.Systolic pressure is the highest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle.www.Hydralazine II.Diastolic pressure is crucial in verifying if a person suffers of high blood pressure a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 54. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Drugs used in the treatment of hypertension associated with renal failure may include: I.com e) Over weight 49.Systemic lupus or erythromatus lupus may be a side effect of: a) Propanolol b) Digoxin c) Cyclophosphamide d) Hydralazine e) Hydroxazine 52. pharmacyprep.Niacin mechanism of action as lipoprotein synthesis inhibitor is characterized by: a) Decrease the production rate of VLDL that synthesizes LDL b) Block the synthesis of cholesterol c) Decrease lipoproteins production by increasing the breakdown of lipids d) Remove VLDL from bloodstream e) Binds to bile acids in the intestine 58.Abnormal levels of lipids can cause all of the following.LDL-Low Density Lipoproteins are formed from VLDL and carry LDL cholesterol that is the “bad cholesterol” III.www.Lipid lowering group of drugs include all of the following. 85 . EXCEPT: a) Atheroscherosis b) Heart attack c) Pancreatitis d) Bone dystrophy e) Stroke 56.com II. EXCEPT: a) Bile acid binders b) Fibric acid derivatives c) Angiotensin inhibitors d) Lipoprotein synthesis inhibitors e) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors 57.The safest lipid lowering drug that may be used in pregnancy include: a) Pravastatin b) Genfibrozil c) Cholestyramine d) Sinvastatin e) Clofibrate Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Lipid lowering drug that binds to bile acids in the intestine causing the acids to be excreted include: a) Clofibrate b) Cholestyramine c) Niacin d) Genfibrozil e) Atorvastatin 59.HDL-High Density Lipoproteins are formed in the liver and small intestine. They carry HDL cholesterol that is the “good cholesterol” a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 55. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Grapefruit juice II.Reduce abnormalities of impulse generation and modify the disturbance of impulse conduction within cardiac tissue a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 64.Diuretic that act in the loop of henle include: a) Acetazolamide b) Hydroclorothiazide c) Furosemide d) Spirolactone e) Chlortalidone Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. K and Ca channel blockers are used in treat dysrhythmias II.Class I sodium channel blocker antidysrhythmic agents include all of the following.Correct statements regarding antidysrhythmic agents may include: I.They are classified according to their ability to alter the action potential of cardiac cells III.Digoxin may be used in dysrhythmias. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.www. however CANNOT be used in one specific type of dysrhythmias that is: a) Atrial tachycardia b) Ventricular tachycardia c) Paroxysmal tachycardia d) Atrial fibrillation e) Flutter 62. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.β-blockers. EXCEPT: a) Quinidine b) Lidocaine c) Phenytoin d) Propafenone e) Amiodarone 63. 86 .Absorbable agents successfully used in patients with high cholesterol include: I.pharmacyprep.Nicotinic acid III.com 60.Fish oil a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 61. Na. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Antihypertensive α-blocker used in BPH-Benign Prostate Hypertrophy: a) Prazosin b) Terazosin c) Doxazosin d) Finesteride e) Minoxidil 71.Best diuretic used in the adjunct treatment of hepatic cirrhosis and renal diseases include: a) Spirolactone b) Amiloride c) Indapamide d) Furosemide e) Acetazolamide 68.www.Antihypertensive drug most likely to cause syncope effect or first-dose effect: a) Prazosin b) Clonidine c) Minoxidil d) Guanabenz e) Labetolol 70.Diuretic with pteridine and pyrazine hererocycles rings used in the treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by lithium: a) Spirolactone b) Amiloride c) Indapamide d) Furosemide e) Acetazolamide 67. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. EXCEPT: a) Hydroclorothiazide b) Acetozalamide c) Spirolactone d) Amiloride e) Triametrene 66.pharmacyprep.com 65. 87 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Agent with a sulphonamide group on its structure responsible for its functional action and that is considered the first line treatment for mild hypertension: a) β-Blockers b) α-Blockers c) Thiazides diuretics d) Vasodilators e) ACE inhibitors 69.All the following diuretics may cause metabolic acidosis.Drug used in the treatment of hypertension that may cause hemolytic anemia. www. 88 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.pharmacyprep.All of the following may be examples of calcium channel blocker.One of the most safe antihypertensice drugs used in pregnancy is: a) Metoprolol b) Captopril c) Sodium nitroprusside d) Methyldopa e) Prazosin 73.First line treatment in mild to moderate CFH-Congestive Heart failure include: a) β-Blockers and diuretics b) Glycosides and ACE inhibitors c) Calcium channel blockers d) Vasodilators e) Nitrates 76.Direct vasodilator drug used in the treatment of baldness may include: a) Hydralazine b) Sodium nitroprusside c) Minoxidil d) Enalapril e) Captopril 74.Drug used in cardiovascular complications which metabolism produce cyanide: a) Hydralazine b) Nitrates c) Nitroglycerine d) Isosorbid e) Nitroprusside 77. EXCEPT: a) Enalapril b) Amlodipino c) Nifedipeno d) Diltiazen e) Verapamil 75. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.com a) Clonidine b) Guanabenz c) Thiazides d) Atenolol e) Methyldopa 72.Nitrates used in cardiovascular complications mainly in CHF induce the formation of: a) Nitric oxide b) Cyanide c) Zinc oxide d) Nicotinic acid Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Streptokinase II. 89 .Warfarin a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 80.Examples of common used thrombolytic or fibrinolytics agents may include: I.All are examples of low molecular weigh heparins (LMWH).Angina is a type of: a) Congestive heart failure disease b) Hypertension disease c) Ischemic disease d) Atherosclerosis disease e) Dysrhytmiac disease 79.Recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (tPA) III.Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is considered a prodrug: I. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Clonidine a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 83.www.Predominant sympathetic adrenergic receptor in the heart may include: a) α-receptors b) β-receptors Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Which of the following β-agonist drugs has no effect in α-agonists receptors? a) Isoproterenol b) Dopamine c) Norepinephrine d) Epinephrine e) Clonidine 82.Minoxidil II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep.Methyldopa III.com e) Nalidixic acid 78. EXCEPT: a) Ardeparin b) Enoxaparin c) Dalteparin d) Fragmin e) Alteplase 81. B Comments: Antithrombolitic agents are completely contra indicated in patients suffering from any internal bleeding. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep. hypokalemia. 90 . 6.www. Resulting in a decrease in urine volume with resultant increase in osmolarity. hyperuricemia and can increase levels of triglicerideos. hypocalcemia.A Comments: The osmotic blood pressure may vary from 280 to 300mmol/Kg or mOsm/Kg 5. and hypomagnesaemia.A Comments: ADH-Anti-Diuretic Hormones increase water reabsorption by increasing the cellular permeability of the collecting ducts.A Comments: The liver with normal function can completely metabolize a drug. It also causes hyperglycemia. 2. 3. 4. however a kidney with poor function-renal failure cannot properly eliminate the drug from the body leading to accumulation of metabolites.com c) Mu receptors d) M1-receptors e) D3-receptors 84-What is appropriate action should be advised to the patient if his blood pressure is 250/120 A-Ask patient to relax B-Refer to Dr C-Refer to Emergency D-Offer him antihypertensive drugs E-contact his family member to inform about his blood pressure Ans85-Use of nitroglycerine with seldanafil will cause: a-Hypotension b-hypertension C-angina D-CHF E-stroke Ans-A CORRECT ANSWERS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 1.D Comments: Furosemide diuretic may cause hyponatremia. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.D Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 12.E Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. AB and O. 11. The embolus is this mass transported in the circulation that can be a clot or a foreign material.com Comments: Both quinidine and cholestyramine have drug interaction with digoxin which induce toxic effects of digoxin.pharmacyprep. 8. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. It inhibits the conversion of prothrombim to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin using antithrombin III as it co-factor therefore been therapeutically used as anticoagulant. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.E Comments: A person with blood AB is considered the “universal acceptor” because can accept blood donation from any other group. 16. 7. mostly in the diastolic pressure the patient should be indicated for medical assistance. Abnormal dilatation of a vessel artery is known as aneurysm 13. Any big difference between these valors.C Comments: The normal blood pressure in a health adult is 80/120.D Comments: Nifedipino is mainly the only calcium channel blocker that does not have bradicardia as side effect.www.D Comments: Embolism is an obstruction of a blood vessel by a mass transported in the circulation. A. Emphesema is a reversible form of airway obstruction.A Comments: Both hydroclorothiazide and acetozalamide have a heterocyclic sulphonamide group on their molecular structure responsible for their functional action. Warfarin has only in vivo activity 15. 14.E Comments: Heparin is amino acid polysaccharide naturally present in the body predominantly in lung and liver tissues. B.B Comments: Aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of a blood vessel while embolism is an obstruction of airway by a mass transported in the circulation. 91 . 10. it is very useful as anticoagulant in blood donations conservation.C Comments: Heparin is already naturally present in the body and also act in vitro.D Comments: During absolute refractory period the myocardial fiber do not respond to any stimulus. 9. 17.pharmacyprep. Platelets are originated from megakariocytes and are involved in blood clotting.E Comments: Nitrates are esters of nitrous or nitric acid that are rendered nonexplosive by the addition of inert excipient such as lactose.E Comments: Losartan is an AT-1. which cause Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.D Comments: Patient with “deep” vein thrombosis can be treated with both Warfarin and heparin. in adjunct therapy with Warfarin they will have a synergism effect. 24. Heparin and salicylates also act as anticoagulant. When the body has lower vitamin K the tendency is increase the effect of Warfarin.A Comments: The blood is composed of 90% water and 8% plasma protein. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. A health adult has approximately 5L of blood circulating in the body. 26. 22. has a half-life of approximately 120 days and play important rules in the O2 and CO2 transportation. one of the most common side effects with α-blockers therapy 21. leukocytes and platelets. Erythrocytes also known as Red Blood Cells form 2% of the whole blood.E Comments: Vitamin K is considered the antidote for Warfarin. 92 . Streptokinase would be mainly used in acute myocardial infarction or in other acute coronary artery diseases. Nitrates are prodrugs and must be denitrated to exert their therapeutic effect.com Comments: Blood formed elements are erythrocytes.A Comments: During inspiration the lowest blood pressure in supine position is in vena cava 23.B Comments: Blood leaves the lung and reaches the left ventricle of the heart through pulmonary vein. denitration liberates nitric oxide. 20. 18. syncope and blurred vision occurring upon standing or when standing motionless in a fixed position. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. In case of left ventricular failure the tendency is accumulation of blood in the lung due to blockage of blood circulation from lung through the heart 25. Angiotensin receptor blocker.www.C Comments: Orthostatic hypotension is a fall in blood pressure associated with dizziness.C Comments: LaPlace’s Law explains the tension achieved in a blood vessel wall to the radius of vessel and intraluminal pressure.C Comments: Cimetidine is a H2-antagonist therefore do not decrease LDL 19. 33.C Comments: Spirolactone is an aldosterone antagonist that binds to aldosterone receptor as competitive antagonist at early collecting tubules of kidney. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 29. 35. urethral and uterine smooth muscles. 28. 27. 36.C Comments: Paroxysmal arrhythmia is characterized by sudden recurrence or intensification of arrhythmias that may be caused by an increase in temperature. clopidrogel and aspirin may be used as antiplatelet agents definitely affecting platelet aggregation.B Comments: Hydroclorothiazide may have hyperglycemia as side effect. 37.pharmacyprep.www. In addition to the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. 31. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com vasodilatation. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. gastrointestinal. Acetozalamide and aspirin increases Warfarin activity and vitamin K inhibits the activity of Warfarin.D Comments: Acetozalamide is a carbonic anhydrase diuretic that blocks Na/H exchange system at the proximal tubule of kidney.E Comments: Ibuprofen inhibits the enzymatic metabolism of Warfarin.E Comments: Ticlopidine. these drugs relax bronchial. biliary.A Comments: Digoxin is a classic example of cardiac glycosides that consist of sugar and steroidal nucleon.E Comments: Dobutamine is indicated to improve cardiac function during cardiac decompensation or depressed contractility from cardiac or major vascular complications 30.C Comments: CHF is a complex clinical syndrome that can results from any cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to deliver adequate quantities of blood to the metabolizing tissues during normal activity or at rest. 34. 93 .A Comments: A common side effect seen with long-term treatment with acetozalamide is hypercloremia and metabolic acidosis.D Comments: Prazosin is a α-adrenergic blocker used to treat hypertension due to its action in the arteries and veins dilatation. 32. C Comments: Dobutamine improve cardiac function.B Comments: The first tissue that receives the greatest cardiac output at rest is liver. 47. 48. enalapril. 40.D Comments: Sterosis is the narrowing of blood vessels 39. 44.A Comments: Although ACE inhibitors increase the risk of hyperkalemia in diabetes mellitus. 41. 46. 94 . 42. who requires immediate and continued anticoagulation 45.A Comments: Diltiazen is the only calcium channel blocker that may have myocardial infarction as side effect. it is still the most appropriated agent in treating hypertension in diabetic patients because it does not interfere with glucose or insulin metabolism.B Comments: Losartan is an AT-1 inhibitor and would be the best choice for treatment of hypertension in a diabetic patient with dry cough that is definitely a side effect of ACE inhibitor. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.D Comments: Triamterene is a diuretic that exert its effect on the distal renal tubule to inhibit the reabsorption of sodium in exchange for potassium and hydrogen ions. following by kidney and lung. Via this mechanism it may reduce uric acid excretion. blurred vision and tremors. Triamterene may reduce glomerular filtration and renal plasma flow.pharmacyprep. it increases cardiac contraction and vasodilatation of smooth muscles 43.A Comments: Guanabenz is a sympathomimetic α2-adrenergic agent having bradicardia and orthostatic hypotension as main side effect.E Comments: The currently use of sildenafil and β-blockers may result in exacerbated hypotension. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.www.E Comments: Ancrod is designated to use as an antithrombolitic in patients with heparininduced thrombocytopenia or thrombosis.B Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com 38. 52. 57.C Comments: Atenolol is a β-blocker and may not be used in patients with renal failure. carry LDL cholesterol that is well known as the “bad cholesterol”.B Comments: Cholestyramine is an insoluble. It dilates blood vessels without increase the heart rate. 50.A Comments: Niacin act as lipoprotein synthesis inhibitor by decreasing the production rate of VLDL.com Comments: Angina occurs when myocardial oxygen availability is insufficient to meet the myocardium oxygen demand. while HDL the High Density Lipoproteins are formed in the liver and small intestine. 95 .A Comments: Digitalis are mainly used in the treatment of all degrees of congestive heart failure and some kind of arrhythmias as atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. where 80 is the systolic and 120 is the diastolic pressure.www. 49. 53.D Comments: Labetalol is a β-non-selective blocker and α-blocker agent used to treat hypertension. 51. carry HDL cholesterol and is known as the “good cholesterol. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. non-absorbable agent used as bile acid binder in the intestine causing the acids to be excreted. 54-E Comments: VLDL-Very Low Density Lipoproteins are formed in the liver and it is the origin of LDL the Low Density Lipoproteins. Systolic pressure is the highest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle and is measured when the heart contracts while diastolic pressure is the lowest arterial pressure during a cardiac cycle and is measured when the heart is relaxed.E Comments: The normal blood pressure in a health adult is 80/120.D Comments: Abnormal levels of cholesterol or lipids there is no association with bone dystrophy that is a condition normally called osteoporosis. which synthesizes LDL 58. 59. Any condition or factor impairing the oxygen supply such as cold places and exercises can predispose or increase the risk of angina. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep. 56.C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 55.C Comments: Angiotensin covertazing inhibitors are used to treat hypertension.D Comments: Systemic lupus or erythromatus lupus is a side effect of hydralazine. 69. It has been show to improve urinary flow and symptoms of BPH. 70. a potassium sparing diuretic is used for treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipid us caused by lithium. paroxysmal atrial tachycardia and flutter. 66.D Comments: Grapefruit juice interacts with most of the antihyperlipidemic agents. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. they are classifies by classes I.B Comments: Terazosin is indicated in the treatment of BPH. renal failure and edema associated with CHF. 67.pharmacyprep.B Comments: Digoxin as antidysrhythmic agent is only used in atrial fibrillation.C Comments: Furosemide and ethacrynic acid act by inhibition of Na/K dichloride transport system. 61. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 62.E Comments: Antidysrhytmic agents are used to reduce abnormalities of impulse generation and modify the disturbance of impulse conduction within cardiac tissue. 68. hepatic cirrhoses.A Comments: Prazosin is a α1-adrenergic antagonist normally given in doctor’s office due to its first pass effect and syncope effect.B Comments: Amiloride. III and IV which include β. II. 96 .A Comments: Hydroclorothiazide may cause metabolic alkalosis not acidosis.E Comments: Class I antidysrhythmics agents are Na channel blockers agents and do not include amiodarone that belongs to class III antidysrhythmics agents inhibiting K channel.D Comments: Furosemide may be the best diuretic used in acute pulmonary edema. K and Ca channel blockers 64. 63. Na.com Comments: Cholestyramine is the primary prevention of hyperlipidemia and can be safely used in pregnancy. The are the only diuretics with action on the loop of henle 65. 60.www. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.C Comments: Hydroclorothiazide prevents the reabsorption of sodium chloride at distal tubule of kidney and is the primarily treatment of mild hypertension. C Comments: Angina is a kind of ischemic disease characterized by symptoms that occurs when myocardial oxygen availability is insufficient to meet the myocardium oxygen demand. 77.C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 79. A comb’s test is recommended every six months for patients in methyldopa therapy. 81.A Comments: Enalapril is an ACE-II.B Comments: First line treatment of CHF is normally the association of a cardiac glycoside that inhibit Na/K (Na pump) exchange and a vasodilator as ACE inhibitors that inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II 76.E Comments: Nitroprusside is a direct vasodilator used in cardiac emergences. 97 .E Comments: All are low molecular weight heparin. 80. 73. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.C Comments: Warfarin is an anticoagulant agent. 74. 78.E Comments: Methyldopa long-term treatment may be associated with anemia. 72. It is metabolism has cyanide as end product.A Comments: Nitrates act directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle by transformation of nitric oxide causing a peripheral pooling of blood. which are normally used in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis and reduce the risk of pulmonary embolism. Angiotensin Convertazing Enzyme. 75.www. 82.com 71.D Comments: Methyldopa is a prodrug considered as one of the safest drug for treatment of hypertension during pregnancy.pharmacyprep.C Comments: Minoxidil is a direct vasodilator used to treat hypertension and alternatively used to treat baldness.A Comments: Isoproterenol is an adrenergic β1-agonist with no effect in α-receptors. MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition. 83.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS . 4.pharmacyprep.com Comments: Prodrugs are drugs that become active only after bioactivation by the body.USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I.B Comments: β-adrenergic receptors are the most abundant receptor in the heart. 98 .COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6.2003/2004 5.www. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES . Minoxidil and methyldopa are examples of prodrugs. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1. 3.Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. All the following are examples of long acting benzodiazepinic. Infertility D.PHARMACY PREP MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CNS DRUGS 1-Which of the following is Not a SSRI A-e-citalopram B-Sertraline C-Trazadone D-Phenelzine E-Proxetine Ans-D 2-Which of the following is the antidote for benzodiazepines? A-Phenobarbital B-Vitamin K C-Flumazenil D-Vitamin D E-Morphine Ans-C 3. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Sedation B. Xerostomia C. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. EXCEPT: a) Clonazepan b) Diazepam c) Chlorazepate d) Flurazepan e) Temazepan Ans-E 4-Which of the following is an IRREVERSIBLE side effect resulting form long-term administration of phenothiazine antipsychotics? A. Parkinsonism E. 99 . Tardive dyskinesia Ans-E Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Pharmacyprep. ENDOCRINOLOGY 1.Megaloblastic anemia may be caused due to a result of: I-Folic acid deficiency II-Vitamin B12 deficiency III-Iron deficiency a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 2.The doctor is suspecting that his patient is suffering of hypothyroidism. my be resulted due to: I.The umbilical cord transport nutrients from mother to fetus passing through the placenta.Treatment with anti-thyroid drugs a) I only b) III only Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 100 .com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions PHARMACY PREP.Grave’s disease II.Which is/are true about placenta: I. II.Hashimoto thyroditis III.www. which assay can be used to confirm his diagnostic? a) Serum TSH b) T4 in urine c) Sensitive TSH d) TSH in urine e) T3 counts 3.Hypothyroidism.The umbilical cord is formed of two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein III-Placenta is an organ characteristic of true mammals during pregnancy a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 5.Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormones levels may be mainly increased during: a) Pregnancy b) Ovulation c) Conception d) Last trimester of pregnancy e) Amenohrrea 4. Which is the main hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex and responsible for the regulation of electrolytes and water balance? a) FSH b) Thiazides c) ADH d) Aldosterone e) Vasopressin 10.Can be treated by aldosterone antagonist: Spirolactone III.Inadequate insulin treatment a) I only b) III only Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 101 .Starvation II.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 6. EXCEPT a) Epilepsy b) Tromboembolism c) Breast cancer d) Uterine cancer e) Myocardial infarction 8.Pharmacyprep.All of the following diseases can be caused by oral contraceptives.Juvenile type diabetes III.It is characterized by decrease of Calcium and increase of Phosphorous II -It is a deficiency of thyroid gland III. a hyper function of adrenal cortex may be characterized by: I.It is characterized by an increase of calcium and decrease of Phosphorous a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 7.Hyperaldosteronism.www.Abnormality of electrolyte metabolism resulting in high secretion of aldosterone II.Ketoacidoses are acidosis accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies in the body tissues and fluids and may be a result of: I.Hyperaldosteronism is characterized typically by hypokalemia a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 9.Characteristics of hypoparathyroidism may include: I. Inhibit iodine oxidation II.www.Correct mechanism of methimazole as antithyroid drug may include: I.High secretion of cortisone III.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions c) I and II only d) II and III only e) I.Cushing syndrome a disorder of adrenal cortex is mainly due to: I.All of the following cells are normally presented in pancreas.Catalyze the incorporation of iodine into tyrosine III.Hypofunction of adrenal cortex a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 14. EXCEPT: a) β-cell b) α-cell c) Sertoli cell d) Delta cell e) F-cell Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 102 .Hyper function of adrenal cortex II.Hypofunction of adrenal cortex may cause: a) Cushing disease b) Gray’s disease c) Addison’s disease d) Reye’s disease e) All are wrong 13. II and III 11.What does insulin pump mean? a) Insulin with fast action b) Insulin supply for long period of time c) Insulin with fast absorption d) Insulin rapidly excreted e) Insulin rapidly metabolized 12.Pharmacyprep.Inhibit the synthesis of thyroid hormones a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 15. Correct statement regarding pernicious anemia may include: a) Due to dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 b) Prevented by oral administration of vitamin B12 c) Treated by parenteral administration of folic acid d) Treated by parenteral administration of vitamin B12 e) Caused by dietary deficiency of iron 17.Iron deficiency may cause a type of anemia known as: a) Pernicious anemia b) Megaloblastic anemia c) Pernicious and megaloblatic anemia d) Microcystic anemia e) All of the above 18. EXCEPT: a) Fluid retention b) Headaches c) Hypertension d) Constipation e) Depression 19.www.Side effects that may be expected to occur from the administration of oral contraceptives include all the following.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 16.Which is not secreted from the anterior pituitary a) Prolactin b) Vasopressin c) Gonadotropin hormones d) LH e) FSH 21.The most appropriate insulin for diabetic patients with ketoacidoses may include: a) Crystalline Zinc Insulin b) Ultralent Insulin c) Protamine Insulin d) Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension e) Isophane Insulin 20.Pharmacyprep.Example of oral antidiabetic agent most likely to cause lactic acidosis is: a) Glyburine b) Chlorpropamide c) Metformin d) Repaglinide e) Acarbose Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 103 . Long acting: Protamin zinc suspension. extended zinc suspension and ultralent. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 104 .Intermediate acting: Zinc suspension. globulin zinc and isophane insulin III. the decrease of thyroid hormones might include: a) Cushing syndrome b) Addison’s syndrome c) Grave’s disease d) Myxodema or Gull’s disease e) Myasthenia Gravis 24.Medical condition related to hypothyroidism.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 22.Correct statements regarding the action and examples of insulin may include: I.Protein binding a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 25.Pharmacyprep.Fast acting: Crystalline and acid regular II.Wrong statement regarding FSH and LH may include: a) They are hormones b) They are secreted from hypothalamus c) Secreted specifically from posterior pituitary gland d) They increase their concentration during ovulation e) FSH is the folliculum-stimulating hormone 26. EXCEPT: a) Vitamin D3 b) Estrogen c) Cortisone d) Androgen e) Stilbestrol 23.All of the following substance may be classified as steroid hormone.www.Capillary passage II.Examples of rate limit of insulin may include: I.Zinc crystalline insulin III.False statement regarding insulin may include: a) Fast acting insulins has an onset of action of 30 min b) Protamine zinc insulin is long acting insulin c) Regular and crystalline insulins are used in diabetic patients with ketoacidoses d) Regular insulin is the only one that can be administrated intravenously e) Long acting insulins has a maximum duration of action of 24 hours 27. Examples of gonadotropin hormone may include: a) ACHT Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 105 .Thyroid hormones II.Stimulate hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 32. may include: I.Thyroid glands is extremely important due to its ability to secret: I.Examples of therapeutically used hormones and related drugs may include: a) Adrenocorticosteroids b) Antidiabetic agents c) Thyroid hormones d) Gonadal and pituitaria hormones e) All are correct 33.Insulin is a hormone secreted by which cells? a) α-cells b) β-cells c) Glucagon d) Amylase e) Pituitary 30.Pharmacyprep. a polypeptide hormone.It increase blood glucose levels III.Calcium a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 31.Secreted by the α-cells of pancreas II.Correct statements regarding glucagon.Calcitonin III.www.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions d) II and III only e) All are correct 28.After an insulin dose. hypoglycemia may occurs due to: a) Low carbohydrate diet b) Increase in glucose levels c) Increase in glycogen levels d) High carbohydrate diet e) All are correct 29. Benzodiazepinics a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 39.Hormone used to improve uterine contraction in labor and to control postpartum bleeding is: Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 106 .Lithium II.Diabetes insipidus may happen due to drug induction.Characteristics of diabetes insipidus may include: a) Polyuria b) Thirst c) Decrease in antidiuretic hormones levels d) Decrease in osmolarity e) All are correct 37.www.Pharmacyprep.False statement regarding VASOPRESSIN include: a) It is an antidiuretic hormone b) It is used to treat neurogenic diabetes insipidus c) It is used to treat postoperative abdomen d) It acts on proximal renal epithelium promoting the absorption of water e) It acts on distal renal epithelium promoting the absorption of water 35-Hormone which sustain the corpus luteum in pregnancy is: a) Estrogen b) FSH-Follicle Stimulating Hormone c) Gonadotropin hormones d) Progesterone e) LH and prolactin 36.Drug used in the treatment of diabetes insipidus may include: a) Glyburine b) Metformin c) Oxytocin d) DDAVP-Desmopressin/Vasopressin e) Repaglinide 38. Drug that may induce the development of diabetes insipidus include: I.Tricyclic antidepressant III.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions b) FSH c) TSH d) TRH e) Somatropin 34. Examples of estrogens antagonists may include: I.www.Pharmacyprep.Medroxyprogesterone II.Which of the following hormone has an aromatic ring in its molecular structure? a) Estrogen b) Progesterone c) Testosterone d) Cortisol e) Ethyl androgen 43.Which of the following is not a side effect associated with corticosteroids treatment? a) Edema b) Hypoglycemia c) Increased susceptibility to infection d) Weigh gain e) Ulcers Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 107 .Clomiphene III.Tamoxifen a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 42.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions a) Vasopressin b) Oxytocin c) Somatropin d) Prolactin e) Progesterone 40.Which of the following hormones can be classified as non-steroidal synthetic hormone? a) Estradiol b) Ethyl estradiol c) Diethylstilbestrol d) Progesterone e) Estrogen 41.Adrenocorticosteroids hormones are naturally in the body and are synthesized by: a) Hypothalamus b) Pituitaria c) Adrenal cortex d) Adrenal gland e) Pancreas 44. Drug(s) used in hypothyroidism treatment may include: I.Propanolol II.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 45.Hypothyroidism is due to hypofunction of thyroid gland.Hyperthyroidism is characterized by high levels of thyroid hormones.www. e) The degradation of iodine 47.Characteristic symptoms of hypothyroidism may include all of the following.Pharmacyprep. EXCEPT: a) Sensitivity to cold b) Heat intolerance c) Lethargy d) Constipation e) Weight gain 50.Which of the following hormone may stimulates the release of TSH-Thyroid Stimulating Hormones: a) ADH b) LFH c) TRH d) LH e) Aldosterone 46.What DEIODINATION means? a) The soma of thyrosyl residues with thyroglobulin proteolysis b) The stimulation of T3 and T4 formation c) The production of iodine by the thyroid gland d) The degradation of thyroid hormones that are eliminated by feces and urine.Methimazole III-Propylthyiuracil a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 49.Liiothyroxin (T3) III-Propylthyiuracil a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 48.Autoimmune Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is also known as: Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 108 . Example(s) of drugs used in hyperthyroidism treatment may include: I.Levothyroxin (T4) II. Which of the following agents may have the same therapeutic indication as propyltiuracil does? Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 109 .Diabetes Type I II.Diabetes insipidus III.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions I.Which of the following statements is/are true regarding regular insulin: I.It is longer acting than lispro insulin a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 55.Glyburide and metformin.It is a suspension II.Example of antidiabetic agent that reduces gluconeogenesis and increase glucose utilization may include: a) Glyburine b) Chlorpropamide c) Repaglinide d) Metformin e) Acarbose 52.Pharmacyprep.www.Glyburide is an antidiabetic agent characterized by which of the following mechanism of action? a) Decrease the absorption of carbohydrates thus decreasing postprandial rise of glucose b) Reduces glucogeneogenesis and increase glucose utilization c) Increase peripheral insulin sensitivity d) Stimulates the release of insulin e) Reduce gluconeogenesis only 53.Diabetes Type II a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 51. oral antidiabetic agents are often prescribed together in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus due to their: a) Antagonist effect b) Addition effect c) Synergistic effect d) Tolerance e) Competitive effect 54.It may be administrated either SC or IV III. 5. 4.C Comments: Hypoparathyroidism is a condition produced by greatly reduced function of the para-thyroids possibly due to autoimmune disease or genetic factors.C Comments: Sensitive TSH test has a greater sensitivity in the detection of thyroid disease than any other test. It leads to fall in calcium levels followed by a rise in plasma phosphate level. 7.D Comments: Grave’s disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism.C Comments: Iron deficiency is called mycrocystic anemia while megaloblastic anemia is a deficiency of cyanocobalamin and folic acid. 6. Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 110 . 3.Pharmacyprep. providing endocrine secretion and selective exchange of soluble. 2.A Comments: Epilepsy is a paroxysmal transient disturbance of brain function that may be manifested as episodic impairment or loss of consciousness and it is not associated with contraceptives use. blood-borne substances through an apposition of uterine and tromphoblastic vascularized parts. 8.E Comments: Hyperaldosteronism is an abnormality of electrolyte metabolism caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone.www.E Comments: Placenta is an organ characteristic of true mammals during pregnancy.B Comments: FSH and LH are predominantly increased during ovulation. joining mother and offspring. The over secretion of aldosterone by adrenal cortex is mainly characterized by hypokalemia.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions a) Danazol b) Levothyroxine c) Azathioprine d) Omeprazole e) Methimazole CORRECT ANSWERS ENDOCRINOLOGY 1. but not particulate. or by removal of those bodies. 15.D Comments: Aldosterone is the main mineral corticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.Pharmacyprep. 10. diabetes acidosis. protection and nutrition until the spermatids become transformed into mature spermatozoa. It is normally indicated for selected diabetes patients with widely fluctuating blood glucose levels. therefore it inhibits thyroid synthesis.E Comments: Ketoacidoses are acidosis accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies (ketosis) in the body tissues and fluids.D Comments: Neither constipation nor diarrhea are side effects of oral contraceptives.B Comments: Insulin pump means insulin that provides insulin for a long period of time.C Comments: Sertoli cells are found in the tubules of the testes to which the spermatids become attached.E Comments: Methimazole inhibit iodination of tyrosine groups and coupling of these groups to form thyroid hormones. 18.D Comments: Pernicious anemia is characterized by deficiency of vitamin B12cyanocobalamine and therefore should be treated with intramuscularly injection of vitamin B12 because this vitamin is poorly absorbed orally. 16. 13. 12. Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 111 . starvation and inadequate treatment with insulin. They provide support. It is principal activity is the regulation of electrolyte and water balance by promoting the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium. 14.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 9. 11.www. irregular or inconsistent work schedule.C Comments: Cushing syndrome is characterized by an increase in cortisone levels resulting from a hyper function of adrenal cortex. It can be caused by juvenile diabetes. 17.C Comments: Hypo function of adrenal cortex is well known as Addison’s disease while the hyper function of adrenal cortex is known as Cushing’s syndrome. lifestyles or meals or who achieve less than desired control using frequent injection routines.D Comments: Pernicious anemia is a deficiency of vitamin B12 only while megaloblastic anemia is a deficiency of both vitamin B12 and folic acid. It is secreted in response to elevated blood levels of glucose. Insulin with onset of action of 4 to 5 hours are classified as long acting and include protamin zinc suspension. 22.E Comments: Ultralent and Extend Insulin Zinc Suspension are examples of long acting insulin that may have their effect up to 28 hours. 25. 27. ketones.B Comments: Vasopressin is an anti-diuretic hormone secreted from the posterior pituitary. 21.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 19.E Comments: Stilbestrol is an anticancer drug used mainly used in the treatment of breast cancer. 24.A Comments: The most appropriate insulin for diabetic patients with ketoacidoses are regular insulin and insulin zinc suspension. extended zinc suspension and ultralent. fat acids and promotes the efficient storage and utilization of these molecules. hypoglycemia may occurs due to low carbohydrate diet 29. With an onset of action of 2 to 4 hours. 26.C Comments: FSH-Follicle Stimulating Hormone and LH-Luteinizing Hormone are pituitary gonadotropin hormones secreted from the anterior pituitary. amino acids. 23.www. 20.C Comments: Lactic acidosis is the main side effect of the oral hypoglycaemic agent biguanide metformin. globulin zinc and isophane are classified as intermediate acting insulin with an onset of action of 2 to 4 hours.C Comments: Insulin does not bind to protein bounds.E Comments: Crystalline and acid regular are examples of fast acting insulin with an onset of action of half to one hour.A Comments: After an insulin dose. Insulin as zinc suspension.B Comments: Insulin is a protein hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas.D Comments: Hypothyroidism is a hypo function of thyroid gland and responsible for the development of Myxodiema or Gull’s disease. Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 112 .Pharmacyprep. 28. 39. 36.Pharmacyprep.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 30. and thus failure of tubular reabsorption of water in the kidney.E Comments: Adrenocorticosteroids. followed by dehydration and great thirst.www. Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 113 . 33.E Comments: Diabetes insipidus results in a deficient quantity of antidiuretic hormones being released or produced. FSH is increased only during ovulation. It also acts in milk ejection stimulation. 31. gonadal and pituitary hormones are all therapeutically used hormones and related drugs. 32.D Comments: Vasopressin does not act on proximal but on the distal renal epithelium promoting the absorption of water.E Comments: FSH-Follicle Stimulant Hormone is a gonadotropin hormone excreted from the anterior pituitary.E Comments: LH and Prolactin sustain the corpus luteum in pregnancy. 34. antidiabetic agents. 35. 37. As a result. 38.A Comments: One of the most known side effects in the long-term treatment with lithium is diabetes insipidus. a large amount of urine of low specific gravity is excreted. thyroid hormones.D Comments: Desmopressin and vasopressin an anti-diuretic hormone are the drugs of choice in the treatment of diabetes insipidus. it stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver by inducing activation of liver phosphorylase.E Comments: Glucagon is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the alpha cells of pancreas in response to hypoglycemia or to stimulation by the growth hormone of the anterior pituitary.C Comments: Calcium is not secreted by the thyroid hormones.B Comments: Oxytocin is therapeutically used to improve uterine contraction in labour and to control postpartum bleeding. 44. 45.A Comments: Type I diabetes. 46.www.C Comments: Propylthyiuracil is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. 41. 50. weight gain.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions 40.C Comments: Diethylstilbestrol is a non-steroidal synthetic estrogen used in oral contraceptives. 42. osteoporosis. 51.A Comments: Estrogen is the only steroid hormone with aromatic ring in the ring A of its molecular structure.E Comments: Propylthyiuracil and Methimazole are main drugs used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. hypertension.B Comments: Common side effects with Corticosteroids therapy may include: Edema.C Comments: TRH is the Thyroid Regulating Hormone. 43. However propanolol is also used in the short-term preoperative management of thyrotoxic crises. 48. secreted from the anterior pituitary and responsible for the stimulation of TSH’s release.D Comments: Medroxyprogesterone is a synthetic progestin used in contraceptives agents.B Comments: Heat intolerance is one of the major side effect of hyperthyroidism. 49.Pharmacyprep.D Comments: Deiodination is the degradation of thyroid hormones that are eliminated by feces and urine.C Comments: Adrenal cortex is the responsible for the release of cortisoneadrenocorticosteroids.D Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 114 . mainly in “morning after pills”. suppression of pituitary adrenal integrity and increased susceptibility to infections. Diabetes insipidus in mainly treated with anti-diuretic hormones and diabetes type II is non-insulin dependent mainly treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents. GIT effects. also called diabetes mellitus is considered insulin dependent. 47. It is classified as short acting insulin because it acts for up to 7 hours.www.CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES . we find that lispro has a faster onset of action than regular insulin.MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition.com Pharmacy Prep Review Questions Comments: Metformin is a biguanide agent used in hyperglycemia-treatment of diabetes type II by reducing gluconeogenesis and increasing glucose utilization 52.Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition.C Comments: Glyburide and metformin are often prescribed together in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus due to their synergistic effect. 53. it is a clear solution that is way can be administrated either IV or SC. 3. Glyburine will stimulate the release of insulin while metformin reduce gluconeogenesis and increase glucose utilization 54.D Comments: Glyburide as antidiabetic agent is classified as an oral sulfonylurea and act by stimulating the release of insulin. 55.COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2. 4. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1.THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6. When compared with lispro insulin.USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I.Pharmacyprep.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS . Copyright protected by Tips Inc Protect copyright and prevent piracy 115 .E Comments: Propylthyiuracil and Methimazole are often prescribed together in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.D Comments: Regular insulin is not a suspension.2003/2004 5. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Primary amines are mainly metabolized by phase II metabolism: a) Deamination b) Dealkylation c) Acetylation d) Hydrolysis e) Oxidation 4. aldehyde and finally carboxylic acids.Pyrrolidine and piperidine are important heterocyclic compounds in the structure of drugs.Oxidation of alkyl group results into alcohol.pharmacyprep. Which of the following drugs has these heterocyclic rings on its structure? A) Folic acid B) Clonidine C) Tetrodotoxin D) Imipramim E) Atropine 2. What type of alkyl group that mostly undergoes oxidation to an acid is known as: a) Terminal alkyl group of aliphatic structure b) Terminal Aromatic alkyl group of structure c) Benzylic alkyl group attached to aromatic ring structure d) Heterocyclic ring structure carbons e) Cyclic ring structure carbons 3.C Comments: 5.www.Pyrrolidine is a five membered and piperidine six membered.E Comments: .C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Atropine is an antimuscarinic agent having pyrrolidine and piperidine heterocyclic rings on its molecular structure. 4. METABOLISM 1-Which of the following is not a drug-metabolizing enzyme? A-CYP3A B-CYP2D6 C-CYP2C9 D-CYP1A2 E-CYP0 Ans-E 2. important heterocyclic compounds in the structure of drugs.Amines are one of the most common group present in the molecular structure of drugs.Alkyl group attached to aromatic rings would undergo faster oxidation because of resonance effect of aromatic ring.com PHARMACY PREP. 3. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 116 . Steroid contain how many cyclohexane and cyclopentane respectively in it skeleton. such estrogen.4-dihydropyridine is found in: a) Verapamil b) Digoxin c) Clonidine d) Nifedipine e) Diltiazen 6. 117 .Pyridine is a mono heterocyclic compound very important in the activity of many different drugs. The molecular structure 1.4-dihydropyridine on its structure responsible for its mechanism of action. It is also contain nitro fuctional group 7. 6. and the main reaction that undergoes primary amines.pharmacyprep.A Comments: Vitamin K has a quinolone on its molecular structure.Quinolone structure may be found in which of the following substances? a) Vitamin K b) Thiamine c) Cyanocobalamin d) Folic acid e) Vitamin A 7. 8. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. testosterones. Carboxylic acids are one of the most common groups present in the molecular structure of drugs mainly metabolized by conjugation. alcohol and/or thio group are mainly metabolized by: a) Oxidation b) Hydrolysis c) Conjugation d) Estherification e) Deamination 5.Steroid structures are common in hormones.C Comments: Conjugations are phase II metabolism reactions characterized by an incorporation of endogenous substrate on the molecular structure of drugs normally coming from phase I metabolism reaction.D Comments: Nifedipine is calcium channel blocker that has 1. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Molecular structures (drugs) having carboxylic acid.com Comments: Acetylation is a phase II metabolism reaction characterized by the gain of an acyl group. a) 2 and 3 b) 3 and 2 c) 4 and 1 d) 3 and 1 e) 1 and 3 Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. progesterone. amide.www. 5. D Comments: Most of the steroid compounds have three cyclohexanes and one cyclopentane ring on their molecular structure.www. 118 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 10.Phase I metabolism reaction also known as functionalization metabolism. and are responsible mainly for the metabolism of drugs having hydroxyl.B Comments: Glucuronidation is the main reaction of phase II metabolism reactions.pharmacyprep.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Glycine contain hydroxyl group and may undergoes conjugation with: A) Carboxylic acid B) Gluthatione conjugates C) Cytochrome P450 D) Sulfonamides conjugates E) Alcohol conjugates 1.D Comments: Clonidine is an antihypertensive drug that depends of its imidazoline molecular structure to be effective. carboxyl and amide group on their molecular structure. Conjugation reactions are the most common reactions of phase II drug metabolism. during this phase drug will metabolized to obtain functional groups such as hydroxyl group or carboxyl group and these group in phase II are best metabolized by which of following conjugation reaction: a) Acetylation b) Glucuronidation c) Reduction d) Hydrolysis e) Methylation 9.Imidazoline is a molecular structure that contain a heterocyclic ring and belongs the molecular structure of: a) Prazosin b) Nifedipine c) Atropine d) Clonidine e) Allopurinol 10. 9. 11-Diazepam is a long acting benzodiazepine metabolized by: A-CYP3A B-CYP2D6 C-CYP2C9 D-CYP1A2 E-CYP0 Ans-A 12.Conjugation reactions are the most common reactions in Phase II metabolism. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.com 8. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Rosuvastatin are not metabolized by CYP3A 14-The most common metabolic reaction in human being.www. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 16-All of the following statement about aspirin metabolism are correct except: A-Aspirin undergo ester glucuronidation B-Aspirin undergo ether glucuronidation C-Aspirin undergo hydroxylation D-Aspirin undergo glycine conjugation E-Aspirin excretes unchanged drug Ans-E Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.pharmacyprep. therefore they should not be combined. Fluvastatin. pravastatin. 119 . Which of the following is enzyme would most likely be deficient? A-Glucuronyl transferase B-Azo reductase C-Methyltransferase D-Glutathione S-transferase (GST) E-Pseudocholinesterase Ans-D Tips: Glutathione conjugation metabolizes N-acetyl benzoquinone to mercapturic acid. hence this reduce toxicity of intermediate. A-Oxidation B-Hydroxylation C-Glucuronidation D-Glutathione conjugation E-Hydrolysis Ans-C 15-Acetaminophen is considered to be toxic at higher dose (4g/day) and may cause hepatotoxicity.com Comments: Glycine is a phase II metabolism reaction also known as amino acids conjugation reaction that undergoes conjugation with carboxylic acid 13-Which of the following statins can be taken with grapefruit juice: I-Atorvastatin II-Pravastatin III-Fluvastatin a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-D Tips: Atorvastatin. are metabolized by CYP3A enzyme and this enzyme is inhibited by grapefruit juice. This is due to accumulation metabolic intermediate. transferase B-Azo reductase C-UDP-Glucuronyl transferase D-Methyl transferase E-N-Acetyl transferase Ans-C 18-Which of the following substances has affinity to carbon monoxide: I-Hemoglobin II-Myoglobin III-Cytochrome oxidase A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E Tips: Hemoglobin. and this ring has affinity to oxygen.pharmacyprep. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.www. Myoglobin and cytochrome oxidase contain porphyrin ring.com 17-Glucuronidation reactions is phase II metabolic reaction. cyanide etc. and it is catalyzed by: A-Glutathione S. carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 120 . A-90% B-99% C-100% D-50% E-9% Ans3-Aspirin pH-Pka = 0. what percent drug will ionized in the body.www. what percent drug will ionized in the body. what percent drug will ionized in the body.01 2-Aspirin pH is 3.5 and pKa is 3. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.5. A-90% B-99% C-100% D-50% E-9% Ans- Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.1 10-2 = 0. A-90% B-99% C-100% D-50% E-9% AnsTips: Hasselbach-Handerson equation: % ionization = 100 / 1+10 charge (pH-Pka) Charge = -1 for acid = 100 / 1+10 –1 (-1) = 100 / 11 = 9% .= + + + =+ .+=+.pharmacyprep.5 and pKa is 4. 121 .com PHARMACY PREP BIOPHARMACEUTICS 1-Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) pH is 3.5.. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.=10 1 = 10 102 = 100 103 = 1000 10-1 = 0. www.pharmacyprep.com 4-The pH of blood is 7.4, after administering drug it becomes 7.2 the drug is: I-weak acidic II-weak base III-amphoteric A-I only B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Ans-A Tips: pH of blood is 7.4 turns into 7.2 after addition drug that means, decrease pH is acidic drug. Example of amphoteric solutions is: H2O Æ H+ + OH5-Aspirin pH is 3.5 and pKa is 3.5, what percent drug will unionized in the body. A-90% B-99% C-100% D-50% E-10% 6-If the pKa of weak base drug is 6.4 and you have an ambient temperature with pH 4.4 I-The drug will be almost completely ionized II-The drug will be rapidly excreted III-The drug will not be ionized neither excreted a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-C 100/1+10 1(4.4-6.4) 100/1+10 1(-) = 99% ionized Tips: In the above questions just 0.1% is ionized which is very little and excrete very slowly. Because unionized do not excrete, ionized do excrete. However, Unionized absorb faster, ionized absorb slower 8-Critical solution temperature represents: A-The temperature which concentration of phenol is homogenous solution B-The temperature at phenol vaporizes C-The temperature above which homogenous solution is formed for all concentration of phenol D-Temperature which phenol vapor pressure equals the vapor pressure of water. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 122 www.pharmacyprep.com Ans-C 9-The rate of chemical reactions is enhanced by: A-Increase the stirring B-Increasing the temperature of reaction mixture C-Removing the inert solvent D-Increase the rate of cooling E-None of the above Ans-B 10-Correct statement about physiological factors affecting the rate and extent for topical drug absorption include: I-The type of ointment base II-the partition coefficient of the drug molecule III-surfactant in formulations Ans-E 11-If the total body clearance of a drug is 200ml/min in normal healthy adult and renal clearance is 10ml/min then, what is correct in patient. A-Drug is deposited in adipose tissue B-Drug is increased in liver and have recycling C-Drug metabolisms is increased D-Greater accumulation E-drug have no plasma protein binding Ans-C 12-Compared to the sublingual tablet, nitroglycerine ointment is: A-More stable B-More effective C-More prolong effect D-More absorbed E-More local effect Ans-C 13-pH-pka = 1.5, for acidic drug what percent of drug is ionized? A-3.06% B-96% C-2.5% D-100% E-50% Ans-B 14-if a medication if pH = Pka? A-100% solute is ionized B-40% solute is ionized C-50% solute is ionized (1/2) Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 123 www.pharmacyprep.com D-99% solute is ionized E-95% solute is ionized Ans-C How to use calculator?SHARP EL-510R Enter: 10 Press : yx Press: (-) Enter 1.5 = 101 = 10 10-1 = 0.1 2 10 = 100 10-2 = 0.01 103 = 1000 10-3 = 0.001 15-Phenobarbital (acidic) pH is 3.4 and pKa is 3.4, what percent drug will ionized in the body. A-90% B-99% C-100% D-50% E-10% AnsTips: pH – pKa = 0 is 50% ionized or unionized or PH = pKa is 50% Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 124 Acacia and methyl cellulose are examples of emulsifying agents III.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 PHARMACY PREP. PHARMACEUTICS 1. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 2.Addition of a little bit of water or a little increase in the temperature will not affect the pH. EXCEPT a) Elixirs b) Spirits c) Tinctures d) Fluidextracts e) Lotion 4. 3-All the following are oral drug solutions. What is the most common used vehicle for parenteral drugs? a) Purified water USP b) Water for injection c) Distillate water d) Sterile water for injection USP e) Fractional distillate water. EXCEPT a) Most of emulsions are constituted of two phases: Aqueous and oily phase b) If water is the internal phase.Formed from a weak acid or weak base and its salts. the emulsion is classified as O/W e) Emulsifying agents are added to emulsion to lower the interfacial tension 5. the emulsion is classified as O/W d) If water is the external phase. the emulsion is classified as W/O c) If water is the internal phase. II. Which of the following is/are characteristics of a buffer solution: I. III: Addition of a strong acid or a strong base to the solution will not affect the pH.Parenteral solutions are used for internal use. 125 .Lower the interfacial tension stabilizing emulsions II.PharmacyPREP.Correct statements regarding emulsifying agents include: I. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.All of the following are characteristics of on emulsion.Synthetic emulsifying agents are not used in emulsion a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Buffer salts are added to many drug solutions to maintain the formulation at optimum pH. II.In which method of the following pharmaceutics techniques a substance is reduced by addition of a solvent material that is easily removed. III.Which of the following tablet(s) allow absorption through the oral mucosa? I-Sublingual tablets II. EXCEPT a) Talc b) Kaolin c) Lactose d) Mannitol e) Starch 9. a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 10. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Sugarcoated tablet a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Characteristics of use of lubricants in tablet formulation include: I.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 e) All are correct 6. 126 . c) Is the process of reducing the substance to small particles by rubbing it in a mortar with a pestle. a) Trituration b) Pulverization by intervention c) Levigation d) Espatulation e) Sifting 7.It helps the patient to swallow the tablet.Lozenges III.It reduces the friction that occurs between the walls of the tablet and the walls of the die cavity. e) Is the process of mixing powders by passing them through sifters 8. glidants and ant adherents have overlapping functions in tablet formulation.All of the following are used as diluents in tablet formulation.Lubricants. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP.Correct statements regarding Trituration include: a) Is the process of mixing powders in a large container rotated by a motorized process b) Is the process when potent substance must be mixed with a large amount of diluents. d) Is the process of reducing the substance by addition of a solvent that is easily removed after pulverization. Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 e) All are correct 11.Which of the following equations can be used to easily calculate the pH. of a buffer solutions constituted of a weak acid and its salts. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP.Tablet manufacture problems include: I-Mottling is unequal colour distribution on the tablet surface. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Sticking is adhesion of tablet material to a die wall III.Humidity is the melting of the tablet a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 13.A manufacture tablet processing problem that is characterized by the partial or complete separation of the top or bottom crown from the main body of the tablet is know as: a) Lamination b) Picking c) Mottling d) Capping e) Sticking 12. a) Hixson-Crowell equation b) Arrhenius equation c) Stokes equations d) Henderson-Hasselbalch equation e) Noyes-Whitney equation Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 127 .One of the most common lubricant used in tablet manufacture include: a) Theobroma oil b) Glycerol c) Aluminium stearate d) Sodium stearate e) Magnesium stearate 14 Which of the following propellant used in aerosol products was put out of market due to depletation of the ozone layer? I-Chlorofluorocarbons-CFC II-Dimethyl-Ether III-Hydrofluorocarbons-HFC a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 15. II. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.An agent with HLB value range of 0-3 is known as: a) Antifoaming agent b) W/O emulsifying agent c) O/W emulsifying agent d) Wetting agent e) Detergents 19. EXCEPT: a) It has a two different physical form b) It melts in some determinate temperature.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 16. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.An agent classified as oil in water (O/W) emulsifying agent have its HLB value ranged in: a) 0-3 b) 4-6 c) 7-9 d) 8-18 e) 13-15 20-Suppository base vary well know of its polymorph characteristics: a) Cocoa butter b) Polyethylene Glycol c) Glycerin d) Mineral Oil e) Cotmar 21.PharmacyPREP. 128 .Arrhenius equation is used when we need calculate the: a) pKa of an acid solution b) Stability of a drug at room temperature c) pH of a buffer solution d) Rate of ionization of a drug e) Solubility of a solution 17.The HLB-Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance is applied to: a) Emulsifying agents b) Humectants agent c) Thermo labile agents d) Surfactant agent e) Solubilizing agents 18.All are characteristics of a polymorph drug. normally high temperatures (>30°C) c) Teobroma oil is a classic example of polymorph drug d) Polymorph drugs are widely used as suppository base e) Polymorph drugs melt in very low temperature (<10°C) Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Gas sterilization E.Direct compression III Wet granulation a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 26.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 22.Filtration D.PharmacyPREP. 129 .Autoclaving is sterilization process of: A. Which would be the more appropriated technique to be used by the pharmacist a) Trituration b) Levigation c) Pulverization by intervention d) Geometric dilution e) Attrition 23-We can increase the bioavaliability of an ophthalmic preparation by I-Increasing viscosity of preparation II-Addition of a sticking agent III-Increasing volume of the inserted dose a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 24. To avoid manufacture problems we should use: I.A pharmacist would like to make a compound prescription where he needs to mix 1% of camphor into white petroleum. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Dry granulation II.Flocculated suspension upon sedimentation will produce I-Large volume sedimentation II-Clear boundary when particles settle III-Easily resuspended when shaking a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Steam Sterilization C.Irradiation 25. Dry heat sterilization B.Acetyl Salicylic Acid is easily hydrolyzed during tablet manufacturing. II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Methylparaben is used in ophthalmic solution as a) Preservative b) Surfactant c) Viscosity enhancer d) Humectants e) Solubilizing agent 28.The excipients used in tablet formulation have a large variety of functions.Van Der Waal’s forces is an example of a) Hydrogen bound b) Dipole-dipole interaction c) Covalent bound d) Cation-cation interaction e) Anion-anion interaction 32.It’s the result of the absorption of water from the air a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 30. N.F. 130 . Which of the following do not describe a tablet excipient? a) Diluents are fillers designated to make up the required bulk of the tablet b) Binders promote granulation during the dry granulation process c) Disintegrates facilitate disintegration when the tablet reaches the GIT d) Glidants help to promote the flow of tablet granulation e) Emollients help to moisturize the tablet to avoid irritation of oral mucosa 29. Cl are examples of strong electronegative elements III.In order to have hydrogen bound. the molecule should have the following characteristics I.What is true regarding DELIQUESCENCE? I. O.PharmacyPREP.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 27.The molecule should be formed of hydrogen and strong electronegative elements II.Substances that have the capacity of absorbing moisture is well known as: a) Hygroscopic b) Hydromorphic c) Hydrophilic d) Hydrophobic e) Amphiphilic 31.It’s the condition of becoming moist III.Occurs when the vapor pressure of the saturated aqueous solution is less than the vapor pressure of the water in the ambient air. S. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Hydrogen bounds can be classified in INTER and INTRA depending the position of the bound in the molecule Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. EXCEPT: a) Ether-ether b) Alcohol-alcohol c) Esther-alcohol d) Water-alcohol e) Esther-Water 34. except: a) Separation of a substance from one phase accompanied by its concentration at the surface of another.Is the mixture of two or more substances that melt at the lowest possible temperature III.A substance with high partition coefficient is hydrophilic a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 36-All are true statements regarding ADSORPTION. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP.It measures the solubility of a substance in octane and water II.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 33.Correct statements regarding Eutectic Mixture may include: I.Hydrogen bound can be formed with all the following molecules.Which of the following tablets suffer disintegration only when it reaches the small intestine? a) Coated tablet b) Sugar coated tablet c) Enteric coated tablet Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Eutectic point is the melting point of a eutectic mixture a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 35. 131 .Correct statements regarding Partition Coefficient may include: I.It specifies how hydrophilic and hydrophobic a substance is. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Is the mixture of two or more substances that melt at the highest possible temperature II. b) Separation of a substance from one phase to another phase c) An adsorbent agent is capable of holding other molecule onto its surface d) Examples of adsorbent agents are charcoal and powdered cellulose e) Adsorption and absorption are two different processes 37. III. Antioxidants are added to drug formulation in order to avoid degradation.Which of the following labels would be the most appropriate to be used in your pharmacy when dispensing a suspension a) “Take with food” b) “Shake well before use” c) “Take with lots of fluids” d) “Rinse mouth after use” e) All the above are correct 42.Correct statements regarding Tocopherol include: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. EXCEPT a) Tocopherol b) Ascorbic acid c) EDTA d) Sodium bisulfite e) Sodium benzoate 43. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. Which of the following binder can be used in both wet and dry tablet formulation? a) Cellulose b) Gelatin c) Starch d) Sucrose e) Methyl cellulose 39.PharmacyPREP.Deflocculating agents are widely used in suspensions: I. All of the following are antioxidants. emulsions and suspensions a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 41.They are used to enhance the particles dispersability of a suspension II.What does EFFLORESCENCE means? a) Absorb moisture b) Maintain moisture c) Loss of moisture d) Absorb water e) Loss of carbon dioxide 40.They make the suspension easily to redisperse by shaking the suspension III. 132 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Deflocculating agents are used in solution.Binders are used in tablet formulation to make the adhesion of the powdered drug to the inactive drug.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 d) Caplets e) Lozenges 38. decrease the vapor pressure III.Boric acid is often used to adjust the isotonicity of some drug preparations because of its buffer capacity and anti-infective proprieties.α-Tocopherol is the strongest tocopherol antioxidant a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 44.Vapor pressure is not a colligative propriety II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Increasing solute. 133 .Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 I.Increasing solute. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Correct statements regarding vapor pressure may include: I.You received a new drug in your pharmacy and the manufacture instructions tell you to keep this drug in a cool place.It is an antioxidant mainly used in water-soluble formulations II.Burrow’s solution – Aluminum acetate is known as: a) Colloidion b) Astringent c) Adsorbent d) Absorbent e) Surfactant 48.PharmacyPREP. Boric acid is widely used in: a) Ophtalmic solutions b) Nasal solutions c) Otic solutions d) Topical formulations e) Oral solutions 47. Which temperature should you keep this drug? a) <0°C b) 2 to 8°C c) 8 to 15°C d) 15 to 30°C e) >30°C 45.It is also known as vitamin E III.Which of the following best describe the function of propylene glycol in this formulation? Diazepan IV----------2mls Propileno glycol-----2% Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. increase the boiling point a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 46. Reason for using coating tablets include all of the following.Sodium bissulfite III. nitroglycerin ointment: a) Provides only local effect b) It a more stable dosage form c) Provides a more prolonged effect d) Is more rapidly absorbed e) Is more rapidly eliminated 51. include: I.PharmacyPREP.Compared to the sublingual tablet.Benzocaine with caffeine can for a) Ion-dipole b) Ion-Ion c) Dipole-dipole d) Complex molecule e) No reaction is formed 53.Citric acid a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 54. which mechanistically act as reducing agent.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 Ethanol----------------5mls a) Preservative b) Solvent c) Co-solvent d) Surfactant e) None of the above 49.The dissolution rate of nitrofurantoin tablets may be increased by: a) Micronizing the nitrofurantoin powder b) Decreasing viscosity of the dissolution medium c) Heating the solution medium d) Mechanical agitation e) All of the above increase the dissolution rate of nitrofurantoin tablets 52.Antioxidants. EXCEPT: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 134 .Ascorbic acid II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Sodium stearate is classified as: a) Anionic b) Cationic c) Non-ionic d) Hydrophobic e) Amphiphilic 50. Use(s) Mineral oil may include: a) Used as laxative b) Used as antioxidant c) In chronic use decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins d) Used as lubricant in suppositories e) All are correct 57.PharmacyPREP. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.In preparing ZnSO4 suppositories using 200mg of its USP value. 135 . Refers that dispense value of ZnSO4 is 4 means that: a) ZnSO4 will displace 800mg of cocoa butter b) Cocoa butter displace 800mg of ZnSO4 c) Only 4mg of cocoa butter will be displaced d) 200mg of ZnSO4 will displace 50mg of cocoa butter 60.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 a) To mask the taste of the drug b) To mask the odor of the drug c) To improve the appearance of the drug d) To increase the drug’s release rate e) To protect the drug from stomac acid 55.An agent with HLB value range of 14-18 is known as: a) Antifoaming agent b) W/O emulsifying agent c) O/W emulsifying agent d) Wetting agent e) Solubilizing agent 59.Which decrease tension between solid and liquid? a) Solubilizing agent b) Wetting agent c) Hydrophilic agent d) Emulsifying agent e) Decreasing the particle size of the solid 58. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Addition of mineral oil to a sulphur ointment preparation is called: a) Levigation b) Milling c) Trituration d) Solubilization Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.An ophthalmic solution must be a) Hypertonic b) Isotonic c) Hypotonic d) Amphiphilic e) Lipophilic 56. Correct statements regarding Papain may include: I.Hydrogen peroxide for TOPICAL use solution: a) 5V b) 10V c) 15V d) 20V e) 30V 64.Only available in the ophthalmic office a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 e) Emulsification 61.Proteolitic enzyme used in contact Lents to remove proteins II.Suitable antioxidants for an aqueous preparation: I-EDTA II-Ascorbic acid III.Used as preservative in soft contact Lents III.One part of solvent is required to dissolve one part of solute: a) Slightly b) Sprangly c) Soluble d) Freely soluble e) Very soluble 62. 136 . not less than: a) 1% b) 3% c) 5% d) 10% e) 15% 65.PharmacyPREP. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Benzocaine as a local anesthetic in a TOPICAL preparation should be at least.Tocopherol a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 63. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. B Comments: Pulverization by intervention is a widely used pharmaceutics technique in which a substance is reduced and subdivided with an additional material (solvent) that is easily removed after pulverization.A Comments: The most common diluents used in pharmacy industry include kaolin. lactose. Trituration also describes the process by which fine powders are intimately mixed in a mortar.D Comments: Lubricants are used in tablet formulation to reduce the friction that occurs between the walls of the tablet and the walls of the die cavity when tablet is ejected. 8. the emulsion is classified as O/W.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 CORRECT ANSWERS PHARMACEUTICS 1. 6. starch and calcium phosphate. if the water is the internal phase. 4. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Acacia and methyl cellulose are some of the most common used emulsifying agents and they can be classified as natural or synthetic emulsifying agents. 137 . 3.E Comments: Lotions are only used topically. 2.C Comments: Trituration is a pharmaceutics technique in which the substance is reduced to small particles by rubbing it in a mortar with a pestle.C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 5.C Comments: Buffer salts are added to many drug solutions to maintain the formulation at optimum pH. 7. mannitol. the emulsion is classified as W/O and if the water is the external phase. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.PharmacyPREP.C Comments: Emulsifying agents are any compound that lower the interfacial tension and forms a film at the interface stabilizing emulsions. Buffers solution will be mainly altered if suffer addition of a strong acid or a strong base to the solution. powdered sugar.D Comments: Sterile water for injection USP is the most common used vehicle for parenteral drugs. 10.C Comments: Emulsions are considered two-phase system. cellulose. It is formed from a weak acid or weak base and its salts. 9. however Water for injection and bacteriostatic water for injection are also used. 12. 19. 15.D Comments: Agent classified as oil in water emulsifying agent has its HLB value ranged between 8-18. 138 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. normally melting in high temperatures (>30C).B Comments: Arrhenius equation is used to calculate the stability of a drug at room temperature.A Comments: Chlorofluorocarbons-CFC is propellant used in the past in aerosol products. 16.PharmacyPREP.E Comments: Talc. 13.A Comments: Agent with HLB value range of 0-3 is known as antifoaming agent. 17. it was put out of market due to depletation of the ozone layer.D Comments: Capping is a manufacture tablet processing problem characterized by the partial or complete separation of the top or bottom crown from the main body of the tablet.E Comments: Polymorph drug has two different physical form depending the currently temperature that they are present. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.D Comments: Henderson-Hasselbalch equations used to mathematically calculate the pH of a buffer solution. and Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 Comments: Sugar coated should be swallowed because the coated sugar provides a barrier to a drug’s objectionable taste and smell.A Comments: Cocoa butter is widely used as suppository base due to its polymorph activity. or to improve the appearance of the drug. 11.C Comments: Manufacture common tablet processing problems involve mottling. sticking and picking. magnesium stearate and calcium stearate are commonly lubricant used in tablet manufacture 14. 20. Nowadays the most used one is Hydro fluorocarbons-HFC.D Comments: The HLB-Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance is applied to surfactant agent 18. 21. 26.C Comments: Wet granulation tablet manufacturing method cannot be used in the preparation of Acetyl Salicylic Acid because it is easily hydrolyzed during tablet manufacturing. They may be classified as anhydrates or hydrates. occurs when the vapor pressure of the saturated aqueous solution is less than the vapor pressure of the water in the ambient air as result of the absorption of water from the air 30.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 keeping solid in low temperature (<10C).C Comments: Flocculated suspension upon sedimentation will produce a large volume sedimentation and clear boundary when particles settle.PharmacyPREP. 27. 23.E Comments: Emollients are not used as excipients in tablet formulation 29.B Comments: Van Der Waal’s forces are permanent dipole interactions. 28. the condition of become moist. S and Cl. 24. 25. N.C Comments: Pulverization by intervention is a widely used pharmaceutics technique in which a substance is reduced and subdivided with an additional material (solvent) that is easily removed after pulverization. 139 . They may be classified in INTRA when the hydrogen bound is within the molecule and INTER when the hydrogen bound is in between of two molecules Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.B Comments: Autoclaving is the sterilization process for steam sterilization. Theobroma oil or cocoa butter is a classic example of polymorph drug 22.E Comments: Hydrogen bound occurs between strong electronegative elements such as F.E Comments: Deliquescence. 32. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.A Comments: Increasing viscosity of an ophthalmic preparation increases its bioavailability. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.A Comments: Methylparaben is commonly used in ophthalmic solution as preservative. 31. O.A Comments: Hygroscopic is the name given to substances that have the capacity of absorbing moisture. D Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Flocculated agents are used only in suspensions 41.E Comments: Antioxidants are added to drug formulation in order to avoid degradation. 36. All of the following are antioxidants. and suffer disintegration only when it reaches the small intestine.C Comments: Flocculated agents are widely used in suspensions to enhance the particles dispensability of a suspension providing “no cake”. 40.B Comments: The most appropriated auxiliary label to use in dispensing a suspension is “Shake well before use” 42.E Comments: Partition Coefficient measures the solubility of a substance in octane and water specifying how hydrophilic and hydrophobic a substance is. 34.C Comments: Efflorescence is the process of moisture lost. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.C Comments: Enteric coated tablet are hardly coated tablet resistant to gastric acid. 38. 140 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. and making the suspension particles very easy to redisperse by shaking the suspension.A Comments: Binders are used in tablet formulation to make the adhesion of the powdered drug to the inactive drug. 39.PharmacyPREP.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 33. sodium benzoate is an example of preservative not antioxidant. 43.B Comments: Adsorption is a process of separating a substance from one phase accompanied by its accumulation or concentration at the surface of another. Cellulose is an example of classic binder that can be use in both wet and dry tablet.D Comments: Eutectic Mixture is the mixture of two or more substances that melt at the lowest possible temperature and the eutectic point is the melting point of a eutectic mixture 35.A Comments: Ethers are groups having no hydrogen molecules therefore cannot form hydrogen bound between them. 37. allowing new tissue to regenerate underneath.D Comments: Benzocaine with caffeine forms a complex molecule.C Comments: Cool places include rooms wit temperature ranging between 8 to 15°C.C Comments: Propylene glycol is mainly used as co-solvent in parenteral drug formulation.B Comments: Astringent work by coagulating protein when applied to skin or mucous membrane.E Comments: The dissolution rate of nitrofurantoin tablets may be increased by micronization of the nitrofurantoin powder. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. The protein precipitate forming a protective coat. Burrow’s solution is a classic example of astringent. 53.D Comments: Vapor pressure is a colligative propriety.C Comments: 50. 48.B Comments: An ophthalmic solution must be isotonic to avoid eye irritation.A Comments: Boric acid is widely used in ophthalmic solutions as buffer agent due to its capacity to adjust the isotonicity 47. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.D Comments: Coating tablets has a long onset of action due the presence of the coated on its formulation. nitroglycerin ointment: Provides a more prolonged effect 51. 141 . Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 55.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 Comments: Tocopherol also called vitamin E is widely used in pharmacy industry as antioxidant. 54. α-Tocopherol is the strongest tocopherol antioxidant. 46.C Comments: Citric acid does not act as reducing agent. 50. decreasing viscosity of the dissolution medium. 45.PharmacyPREP.Compared to the sublingual tablet. 49. 44.A Comments: Sodium stearate is stiffening and emulsifying anionic agent used in pharmaceutical preparations. therefore the coat decrease the drug’s release rate. heating the solution medium and mechanical agitation 52. E Comments: The “4” dispensing valour in the preparation of ZnSO4 suppositories means that 200mg of ZnSO4 will displace 50mg of cocoa butter. 63. Lesser concentration will not be effective. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.C Comments: Tocopherol also known as vitamin E is a fat-soluble agent therefore cannot be used in aqueous preparation. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1.A Comments: Papain is a proteolitic enzyme used in contact Lens to remove proteins and is available in most of OTC contact lents washers.E Comments: Very soluble substances are called for substances that require only one part of solvent to dissolve one part of solute (substance).C Comments: Benzocaine as a local anesthetic in a topical preparation should be at least.B Comments: Hydrogen peroxide is used topically on skin in a maximum concentration of 10V to avoid burns on skin. 60.COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.A Comments: Levigation is the technique used by addition of a liquid to the substance as an intervening agent to reduce the particle size of drug by grinding together. laxative and lubricant proprieties. 61. 57. 64. 65. 142 .E Comments: Agent with HLB value ranging between 14-18 is known as solubilizing agent. not less than 5%. 62.PharmacyPREP. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.B Comments: Wetting agents are normally used in pharmaceutical preparations to decrease tension between solid and liquid.E Comments: Mineral oil exerts many different functions in pharmaceutical manufacturing including antioxidant.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 56. 59. 58. CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES .THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6.USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 143 . 4. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Com Pharmaceutics Test 1 2.2003/2004 5. 3.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS .Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition.MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition.PharmacyPREP. Elixirs b. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Syrups c.Which of the following polyols should never be used as a sweetening agent because of its severe toxicity? a.Com Pharmaceutical Additives PHARMACY PREP PHARMACEUTICAL ADDITIVES 1-Additives which promote the breaking up of tablets into smaller particles are referred to as: a. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 144 . Preservative Ans: b 5. Lubricants d.Antioxidants are added to drug formulation in order to avoid degradation.PharmacyPrep. Disintegrant c. Fillers b. Solutions d. Tinctures Ans: b 4-Certain cellulose derivatives are employed in syrups for which of the following reasons? a. Propylene glycol d.Correct statements regarding tocopherol (vitamin E) include: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Sorbitol b. Sweetener b. Viscosity enhancer c. Flavoring d. EXCEPT a) Tocopherol b) Ascorbic acid c) EDTA d) Sodium bisulfite e) Sodium benzoate Ans-E 6. Dispersants Ans: b 2. Caloric agent e. All of the following are antioxidants. Cerates e. Ethylene glycol Ans: d 3-Which of the following dosage forms is a concentrated sugar or sugar substitute? a. Glycerol c. which mechanistically act as reducing agent.Com Pharmaceutical Additives I.Which decrease tension between solid and liquid? a) Solubilizing agent b) Wetting agent c) Hydrophilic agent d) Emulsifying agent e) Decreasing the particle size of the solid Ans-B Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Antioxidants.Boric acid is often used to adjust the isotonicity of some drug preparations because of its buffer capacity and anti-infective proprieties. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. include: I.It is also known as vitamin E III. 145 .α-tocopherol is the strongest tocopherol antioxidant a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-D 7.PharmacyPrep.Sodium bisulfite III. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Sodium stearate is classified as: a) Anionic b) Cationic c) Non-ionic d) Hydrophobic e) Amphiphilic Ans-A 9.Ascorbic acid II. Boric acid is widely used in: a) Ophthalmic solutions b) Nasal solutions c) Otic solutions d) Topical formulations e) Oral solutions Ans-A 8.Citric acid a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-C 10.It is an antioxidant mainly used in water-soluble formulations II. PharmacyPrep.An agent with HLB value range of 14 to 18 is known as: a) Antifoaming agent b) W/O emulsifying agent c) O/W emulsifying agent d) Wetting agent e) Solubilizing agent Ans-E Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 146 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Com Pharmaceutical Additives 11. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.pharmacyprep.com PHARMACY PREP RHEOLOGY 1-The diagram represent the following flow system: A-Pseudoplastic flow B-Newtonian flow C-Thixotropy D-Dilatant flow E-Antithixotropy Ans-B 2-The diagram represents which of the following flow system: A-Pseudoplastic flow B-Newtonian flow C-Thixotropy D-Dilatant flow E-Antithixotropy Ans-A 3-The diagram represents which of the following flow system: Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.www. 147 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. com A-Pseudoplastic flow B-Newtonian flow C-Thixotropy D-Dilatant flow E-Antithixotropy Ans-C 4. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 148 .Which of the following dosage forms is likely to show a yield value? I-Ointments II-Flocculated suspensions III-Gels A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E 6-All are the important reasons for coating tablets: EXCEPT a-To mask the odor of drug B-to improve the flow of drug C-To increase release rate D-To protect from stomach acid Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Plastic flow Ans-E 5.www.pharmacyprep.Which of the following flow systems shows a yield value? A-Thixotropy B-Pseudoplastic flow C-Dilatent flow D-Newtonian flow E. 149 .com E-to mask taste of drug Ans-C 7-Loss of moisture is: A-Efflorescence B-Deliquescence C-Hygroscopic D-Polymorphism E-condensation Ans-A 8-Which of the following would be referred to as a Newtonian type of flow? A-pseudoplastic B-Dilatant C-Plastic D-None of the above Ans-D Tips: Newtonian flow is dilute solutions. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 9-Which of the following is azo dye? a-Lysol B-pyridium C-Argyrol D-Nitrofurazone E-Hexachlorphene Ans-B 10-What is incorrect about thixotropy? A-Gel to solution B. which obeys Newton’s Law.pharmacyprep.www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Solution to gel C.Viscosity decreased D-Flow ability increased E-None of the above Ans-B Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. D-To allow ease in swallowing tablets E-To increase the potency of drugs. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.www. 4-Aspirin tablets can be manufactured by the following methods: I-Wet granulation methods II-Dry granulation methods III-Direct compression methods A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-D Tips: aspirin is gets degradation in moisture.pharmacyprep. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. C-To mask the taste and odour of the drug.\ Ans-E 3-Methyl paraben and propyl paraben are: A-Antifungal drugs B-Antibacterial preservatives C-Antifungal preservatives D-Increase shelf life of drugs E-increase stability of drugs Ans-C Comments: Methyl paraben and propyl paraben combination may have synergistic effect. 150 . therefore wet granulation methods is not used in aspirin manufacturing.com PHARMACY PREP PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS 1-An enteric coated tablet or beads are designed to: I-Pass through the stomach and break up in the intestine. II-To reduce stomach irritation III-Slow disintegration and sustain release dosage forms A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-C 2-All of the following are the purpose of coating tablets EXCEPT: A-Protection from by atmospheric oxygen or humidity B-to provide desired release pattern for drug substance after administration. 151 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.com 5-Picking is the problem in the manufacture of: A-cream B-Lotions C-Tablets D-Capsules E-suspensions Ans-C 6-Breaking is the problem in the manufacture of: A-Cream B-Lotions C-Tablets D-Capsules E-suspensions Ans-A Comments: breaking (irreversible) or creaming (reversible) is the problem in emulsions.pharmacyprep. mechanistically it works as sublimation.www. However this is not a sterilization method. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.C Comments: DeliquescentÆabsorb water EfflorescentÆloss of moisture EffervescentÆloss of carbon dioxide HydroscopicÆabsorb moisture HygroscopicÆabsorb moisture 9-In the presence of water sodium bicarbonate reacts with acid to liberate carbon dioxide: A-Deliquescent B-Efflorescent C-Effervescent D-Hydroscopic Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. 7-Lyophilization (freeze dry) method used for: A-drying wet drugs to powder B-powder sterilization methods C-Hormone sterilization methods D-Sublimation methods used in drying wet powder E-Sterilization method used for thermolabile products Ans-D Comments: Freeze dry is drying method for thermolabile substances.Deliquescent B-Efflorescent C-Effervescent D-Hydroscopic E-Hygroscopic Ans. 8-Which of the following indicated loss of carbon dioxide: A. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.www. 152 .com E-Hygroscopic Ans-C Comments: Alka-seltzer tablets have effervescent 10-Upon combination of powder A and powder B. the mixture melting point is lower than powder A and Powder B: A-Efflorescent B-Eutectic point C-Hydroscopic mixture D-Deliquescent mixture E-Low melting point mixture Ans-B Tips: Camphor and menthol may have eutectic properties 11-Flocculating agents: I-Increase dispersion II-Decrease sedimentation III-Increase volume A-I only B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Ans-C Tips: flocculating agents increase dispersion and decrease sedimentation however do not change volume 12-Veegum (Suspending agents) I-decrease viscosity II-Increase viscosity III-Decrease sedimentation A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-D Comments: suspending agents increase viscosity and decrease sedimentation 13-The flow ability of substance can be described by Thixotropy: A-Increases gel viscosity B-Increases fluidity C-Decreases viscosity D-Increase sedimentation E-Decrease sedimentation Ans-B Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep. 18-HEPA filters used in sterile preparations filtration: I-Microorganisms II-Particulates III-Pyrogens A-I only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. pectin. pyrogens.com 14-The primary pharmaceutical use of veegum is as a: A-Emulsifying agent B-Surfactant C-Suspending agent D-sweetener E-Flocculating agent Ans-C Comments: veegum.www. are examples of non ionic surfactants 17-Parenteral solution should be free from: I-Microorganisms II-Microparticulates III-Pyrogen A-I only B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Ans-E Comments paranteral solutions should be sterile (free from microorganism). This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. spans. acacia. agar.pharmacyprep. tweens. tragacanth are suspending agents 15-The primary pharmaceutical use of surfactant is as a: A-Emulsifying agent B-Surfactant C-Suspending agent D-sweetener E-Flocculating agent Ans: A Comments: surfactants primarily used as emulsifying agents 16-Spans and tweens are: A-Non ionic surfactants B-Anionic surfactants C-Cationic surfactants D-Poly oxyalkylene derivatives E-Suspending agents Ans:A Comments: benzalkonium chloride. 153 . microparticulates. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. pharmacist usually mixes active powder with large amount of diluent by: A-Levigation B-Geometrical dilution C-Trituration D-Sifting E-Pulverization Ans-B 23-The shell of soft gelating capsules may made by addition of plastic like substance A-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) B-Povidone Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. A-10g B-5g C-2g D-1g E-0. approximately weigh.www. 154 . Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.com B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Comments: C Comments: pyrogens cannot be filtered by HEPA filters 19-All non-sterile surface areas in laminar airflow hood should be swabbed with: I-70% isopropyl alcohol II-70% Ethyl alcohol III-Chlorhexidine A-I only B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Ans-C 20-Acacia is classified as: A-suspending agent B-natural emulsifying agent C-Semi synthetic emulsifying agent D-Flocculating agent E-tablet filler Ans-B 21-Rectal suppositories intended for adult use.pharmacyprep.5g Ans-C 22-In a dispensing pharmacy. 155 . levigation is used: A-Reduce particle size B-Reduce viscosity C-Increase particle size D-Increase sedimentation rate E-Reduce sedimentation rate Ans-A 26-What are the suitable forms of water can be used in parenteral preparations I-Sterile water for injection USP II-Water for injection USP III-Purified water USP A-I only B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Ans-C 27-Which of the following is the output of albuterol Inhalation aerosol I-Dry mist II-Wet mist III-Stable foam A-I only B-III only C-I and II D-II and III E-All of the above Ans-A 28-In the following formulations Phenol 0.www.pharmacyprep.com C-Lactose D-Sorbitol E-methyl cellulose Ans-D 24-Which is the smallest size of capsule: A-5 B-2 C-00 D-1 E-000 Ans-A 25-In extemporaneous preparations of suspensions.5% Cimetidine HCl Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. oral bioavailability from and IM dosage form d.Solvent C. 156 . Absolute bioavailability is the result of comparing a.pharmacyprep.Disinfectant Ans-B 30. oral bioavailability from and rectal form Ans: A 31. All of the following are antioxidants. oral dosage from and IV dosage form b.Diluent E.Cosolvent D.It is an antioxidant mainly used in water-soluble formulations II.Correct statements regarding tocopherol (vitamin E) include: I.Antioxidants are added to drug formulation in order to avoid degradation. EXCEPT a) Tocopherol b) Ascorbic acid c) EDTA d) Sodium bisulfite e) Sodium benzoate Ans-E 33. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.www.Preservative B.It is also known as vitamin E III.Which of the following labels would be the most appropriate to be used in your pharmacy when dispensing a suspension a) “Take with food” b) “Shake well before use” c) “Take with lots of fluids” d) “Rinse mouth after use” Ans-B 32.α-tocopherol is the strongest tocopherol antioxidant a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-D Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com Water for injection USP What is the role of water for injection USP A. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. oral bioavailability from and sublingual form c. pharmacyprep.Which of the following best describe the function of propylene glycol in this formulation? Lorazepan ----------2mls Propileno glycol-----2% Ethanol----------------5mls a) Preservative b) Solvent c) Co-solvent Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. decrease the vapor pressure III.You received a new drug in your pharmacy and the manufacture instructions tell you to keep this drug in a cool place. increase the boiling point a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-D 36. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.correct statements regarding vapor pressure may include: I.www.Vapor pressure is not a Colligative propriety II.Boric acid is often used to adjust the isotonicity of some drug preparations because of its buffer capacity and anti-infective proprieties. Which temperature should you keep this drug? a) <0°C b) 2 to 8°C c) 8 to 15°C d) 15 to 30°C e) >30°C Ans-C 35. 157 . Boric acid is widely used in: a) Ophthalmic solutions b) Nasal solutions c) Otic solutions d) Topical formulations e) Oral solutions Ans-A 37.Increasing solute. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.increasing solute.com 34.Burrow’s solution – Aluminum acetate is known as: a) Colloidion b) Astringent c) Adsorbent d) Absorbent e) Surfactant Ans-B 38. www. which mechanistically act as reducing agent. include: I. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.com d) Surfactant e) None of the above Ans-C 39.Antioxidants.pharmacyprep.Ascorbic acid II. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Benzocaine with caffeine can form a) Ion-dipole b) Ion-Ion c) Dipole-dipole d) Complex molecule e) No reaction is formed Ans-D 43.Sodium stearate is classified as: a) Anionic b) Cationic c) Non-ionic d) Hydrophobic e) Amphiphilic Ans-A 40.The dissolution rate of nitrofurantoin tablets may be increased by: a) Micronizing the nitrofurantoin powder b) Decreasing viscosity of the dissolution medium c) Heating the solution medium d) Mechanical agitation e) All of the above increase the dissolution rate of nitrofurantoin tablets Ans-E 42. 158 . nitroglycerin ointment: a) Provides only local effect b) It a more stable dosage form c) Provides a more prolonged effect d) Is more rapidly absorbed e) Is more rapidly eliminated Ans-C 41.Compared to the sublingual tablet.Citric acid a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.Sodium Bisulfite III. Which decrease tension between solid and liquid? a) Solubilizing agent b) Wetting agent c) Hydrophilic agent d) Emulsifying agent e) Decreasing the particle size of the solid Ans-B 48.com Ans-C 44.An agent with HLB value range of 14-18 is known as: a) Antifoaming agent b) W/O emulsifying agent c) O/W emulsifying agent d) Wetting agent e) Solubilizing agent Ans-E 49.www. Refers that displacement value of ZnSO4 is 4 means that: a) ZnSO4 will displace 800mg of cocoa butter Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. 159 .In preparing ZnSO4 suppositories using 200mg of its USP value.Use(s) Mineral oil may include: a) Used as laxative b) Used as antioxidant c) In chronic use decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins d) Used as lubricant in suppositories e) All are correct Ans-E 47. EXCEPT: a) To mask the taste of the drug b) To mask the odor of the drug c) To improve the appearance of the drug d) To increase the drug’s release rate e) To protect the drug from stomach acid Ans-D 45. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep.An ophthalmic solution must be a) Hypertonic b) Isotonic c) Hypotonic d) Amphiphilic e) Lipophilic Ans-B 46.Reason for using coating tablets include all of the following. Glomerular to be permeable II-Leak the proteins to urine III-The capillary membrane becomes impermeable a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-C (I and II) 53-What is the example of humectant? I-Glycerine II-Propylene glycol III-Sorbitol a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-E 54-Definition of colligative properties? A-Elevation of boiling point Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Addition of mineral oil to a sulphur ointment preparation is called: a) Levigation b) Milling c) Trituration d) Solubilization e) Emulsification Ans-A 51-Tubular reabsorption is not dependent on? A-pH of urine B-Ionized form of drug C-Speed of flow of urine D-Metabolism E-pKa Ans-D 52-Renal nephrosis causes I.pharmacyprep.com b) Cocoa butter displace 800mg of ZnSO4 c) Only 4mg of cocoa butter will be displaced d) 200mg of ZnSO4 will displace 50mg of cocoa butter Ans-D 50. 160 . 5 = 56-What is the site for intraarticular injection? A-injection in joint spaces B-injection nerves C-injection in spinal cord spaces D-Injection in brain E-injection in fatty tissues 57-Example of oils used in parenteral preparations.5.5% D-100% E-50% How to use calculator? Enter: 10 Press : yx Press: (-) Enter 1. 161 .06% B-97% C-2.com B-Decrease vapor pressure C-Decrease in freezing point D-osmotic pressure E-All of the above Ans-E 55-pH-Pka = 1. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep. for acidic drug what percent of drug is ionized? A-3.www. Except? A-Sesame oil B-Olive oil C-Cotton seed oil D-Pea nut oil E-Mineral oil 58-What are the HLB values for O/W and w/O emulsions? I-For O/W HLB is 8 – 18 II-For W/O HLB is 4 – 6 III-For O/W HLB is 1 – 3 a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 59-Sodium benzoate is used as? A-Preservative Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. www.pharmacyprep.com B-Solvent C-Co-solvent D-Filler E-Humectants 60-Type of water is used in parenteral preparations? A-Sterile water for injection B-Bacterio static water C-Water for injection D-All of the above Ans61-Steam (moisture) sterilization is carried out in? A-Microwave B-Heat sterilization C-Autoclave D-Ethylene oxide E-None of the above Ans-C 62-What are the methods of tablet disintegration? I-Pulverization by intervention II-Levigation III-Trituration a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Ans-E 63-What are the factors effects on sedimentation of suspension? A-Particle size B-Density of particles C-Density of vehicle D-Viscosity of vehicle E-All of the above Ans-E 64-The primary pharmaceutical use of surfactant is as a: A-Emulsifying agent B-Surfactant C-Suspending agent D-Sweetener E-Flocculating agent Ans: A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 162 www.pharmacyprep.com Comments: surfactants primarily used as emulsifying agents 65-Spans and tweens are: A-Non ionic surfactants B-Anionic surfactants C-Cationic surfactants D-Poly oxyalkylene derivatives E-Suspending agents Ans: A Comments: spans, tween, are examples of non-ionic surfactants. 66-Benzalkonium chlorides is A-Non ionic surfactants B-Anionic surfactants C-Cationic surfactants D-Poly oxyalkylene derivatives E-Suspending agents 67-Parenteral solution should be free from: I-Microorganisms II-Microparticulates III-Pyrogen A-I only B-III only C-I and III only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E Comments parenteral solutions should be sterile (free from microorganism), micro particulates, pyrogens. 68-HEPA filters used in sterile preparations filtration: I-Microorganisms II-Particulates III-Pyrogens A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans: C Comments: pyrogens cannot be filtered by HEPA filters 69-What is size of filters used in sterile water filtration? A-0.22mm B-0.33mm Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 163 www.pharmacyprep.com C-0.4mm D-0.55mm E-0.66mm 70-All non-sterile surface areas in laminar airflow hood should be swabbed with: I-70% isopropyl alcohol II-70% Ethyl alcohol III-Chlorhexidine A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E 71-Acacia is classified as: A-suspending agent B-natural emulsifying agent C-Semi synthetic emulsifying agent D-Flocculating agent E-tablet filler Ans-B 72-Rectal suppositories intended for adult use, approximately weigh. A-10g B-5g C-2g D-1 g E-0.5 g 73-In a dispensing pharmacy, pharmacist usually mixes active powder with large amount of diluents by: A-Levigation B-Geometrical dilution C-Trituration D-Sifting E-Pulverization 74-The shell of soft gelatin capsules may make by addition of plastic like substance A-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) B-Povidone C-Lactose D-Sorbitol E-methyl cellulose Ans-D Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 164 levigation is used: A-Reduce particle size B-Reduce viscosity C-Increase particle size D-Increase sedimentation rate E-Reduce sedimentation rate Ans-A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com 75-Which is the smallest size of capsule: A-5 B-10 C-00 D-1 E-000 Ans-A 76-In extemporaneous preparations of suspensions. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.pharmacyprep. 165 .www. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Injection on thigh D. DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS 1.What is meant by intrathecal injection? A. Injection underneath the tongue C. Injection on bun Ans-A 2-Which provides 100% bioavailability A-Intramuscular B-Intravenous C-Extravenous D-Oral E-Parenteral Ans-B Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.com PHARMACY PREP.pharmacyprep. 166 . Injection in between the spine B. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.www. 22 mm B-0.PHARMACY PREP STERILE PREPARATIONS 1-A vertical laminar flow hood is the best choice when preparing parenteral solutions of: A-Penicillin B-Doxycycline C-Cytotoxic agents D-Nicotine formulations E-Aminoglycosides Ans-C 2-The following factor is the cause of most contaminations in sterile preparations: A-Solutions B-Surface area C-Personal D-Clothing E-Equipment Ans-C 3. to wipe the surface of laminar flow hood. the following disinfectant can be used: I-70% ethyl alcohol II-Chlorhexidine III-Benzalkonium chloride A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E 4-Sterile preparation for parenteral solutions? I-Pyrogen free II-Particulate free III-Pathogen free (microorganism free) A-I only B-III only C-I and II only D-II and III only E-All of the above Ans-E 5-The size HEPA filters used for filtration of microorganism (water filtration): A-0.In sterile preparation.33 mm 167 . 55 mm E-0.44 mm D-0.C-0.66 mm Ans-A 168 . 7% Alcohol q.s.PHARMACY PREP EXTEMPORANEOUS PREPARATIONS 1-What are correct instructions should be labelled in the following preparation? Salicylic acid 2% Lactic acid 6 ml Flexible collodion ad 30 ml ABCDEAns-D Flexible collodion is extremely flammable. Store away from fire All of the above None of the above 2-What are correct instructions should be labelled in the following preparation? Iodine 2% Sodium iodide 2. 30 mL ABCDAns-C A rubber or plastic spatula is used because iodine is corrosive. Can stain A and B None of the above 168 . Tight closed container to prevent ether and alcohol. pharmacyprep.www. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS 1.Determination of alcohol in blood in done by: a) HPLC b) TLC c) Reverse phase HPLC d) Gas chromatography & Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) e) Mass spectroscopy 5.Mass spectroscopy is used to: a) Detect traces of unknown chemical structure b) Structure elucidation of unknown chemical c) Traces in environmental samples d) Drug traces in blood samples e) All of the above 6. solubility of non-electrolytes is decreased. 169 . This is: a) Common ion effect b) Disintegration c) Salting out d) Salting in e) None of the above 2.Molecular ion (M+) or molecular weight is detected by: a) Colorimetry b) Mass spectroscopy c) Spectrophotometry d) Spectrometry e) Ultraviolet detectors 4.All of the following detector are used in High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): EXCEPT: a) Diode Array Detector b) UV detector c) Refractive Index detector Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Which of the following compound is known as amphiprotic solvent? a) Methanol b) Water c) Acetic acid d) Ethanol e) All are right 3.com PHARMACY PREP.By addition of a solute. Correct statements regarding ethylene oxide sterilization include: I.Mechanism of action of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) is by: a) Gas absorption b) Column theory c) Capillary action d) High pressure extraction e) Temperature range theory 8. it can be extracted by: a) Ether b) Isopropyl alcohol c) Tetrahydrofuran d) Ninhydrin e) Amides 12.Sterilization of solids only III.Has a high penetration power to sealed containers III.Sterilization of hormone is done by: a) Dry heat b) Lyophilization c) Filtration d) Radiation e) Autoclave 10.It is used in dry heat sterilization a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 11. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.Sterilization of liquids and solids II.Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) I.com d) Gamma Rays e) Radioactive detector 7.www.Mobile phase is aqueous solution Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep.A gas sterilization method that combines heat and moisture II.In the assay of amphetamines in plasma. 170 .To dry heat-sensitive wet powders a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 9.Lyophilization (freeze dry method) technique used in: I. Addition of a specific buffer will increase the reaction III-Addition of a specific buffer will decrease the reaction a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.pharmacyprep.Utilize high pressure pump to increase efficiency in the resolution a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 13.What is the plate’s function in TLC? a) Filter b) Increase rate of resolution c) Support mobile phase d) Make resolution e) Support stationary phase 17. which affect the reaction? I.Colligative proprieties are important in determining: a) pH b) Tonicity c) Solubility d) Stability e) Sterility 16.The particle size of stationary phase affects resolution III.www. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.At acid/base titration. EXCEPT: a) Elevation of boiling point b) Osmotic pressure c) Increase in conductivity d) Lowering of freezing point e) Magnitude of vapor pressure 14.com II.All of the following proprieties are classified as colligative proprieties. 171 .The colligative proprieties of a solution are related to: a) The total number of solute particles b) pH of the solution c) Number of ions d) Ratio of number of ions and number of molecules e) Number of non-ionized molecule 15.Change in the pH of the preparation II. Non-aqueous titration can be used in the assay of some materials that cannot be easily titrated in aqueous system. III.Correct statements regarding TITRATION include: I.com 18. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. a) I only b) III only Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Instrument used to measure quantity of two liquids with equal volume: a) Picnometer b) Hydrometer c) Thermometer d) Thermostat e) Tensiometer 21. 172 .www.Solvents can be classified as: a) Amphiprotic b) Protophilic c) Aprotic d) Protogenic e) All are correct 22.Titration is a chromatographic method of substance separation.Kind of solvent where acids and bases are produced.Determination of a given component in a solution by addition of a liquid reagent of known strength until a given endpoint is reached. II.Instrument used to measure specific gravity by floating in a liquid: a) Picnometer b) Hydrometer c) Thermometer d) Thermostat e) Tensiometer Ans-B Tips: Hydrometer (SWIM in water) 20. react and dissociates producing such anion or cation species is called: a) Amphiprotic solvent b) Protophilic solvent c) Aprotic solvent d) Protogenic solvent e) Inert solvent 23.Atoms with the same number of protons are known as: a) Isotonos b) Isotopos c) Isobaros d) Atomic equivalents e) Isosmotic 19.pharmacyprep. pharmacyprep.The end point of a titration analysis is characterized by: a) Change in color b) Change in solubility c) Change in pH d) Change in dispersability e) Change in particles aggregation 25. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.www.Dimethyl formamide is a solvent used in the assay of which of the following drugs? a) Adrenaline b) Sulfonamides c) Cimetidine d) Chlortalidone e) Levodopa 28-Which of the following spectroscopic method is used in detection of nanogram amount of unknown substance? A-Microspectroscopy B-Nanospectroscopy C-Spectroscopy D-Microscopy E-None of the above Ans-C Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com c) I and II only d) II and III only e) All are correct 24. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.Solvent used in the assay of levodopa and methyldopa include: a) Acetic acid b) Pyridine c) Chloroform d) Formic acid e) Dimethyl formamide 27.Considerations that should be taken in selecting a solvent for an assay analysis: a) Nature and solubility of the sample under investigation b) Side reactions should not occur between the sample in analysis and the solvent c) The solvent should be pure. low toxic and inexpensive d) Solvent should have a high dielectric constant e) If the sample is a weak acid the solvent should also be a weak acid 26. 173 . 174 .B Comments: Freeze dryer is used for the conversion of wet powders to dry powders. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. 10.pharmacyprep. progress of organic reactions. It reacts and dissociates producing such anion and/or cation species.www. 5.C Comments: Ethylene oxide sterilization is a very effective technique that combines heat and moisture having a very high penetration power to sealed containers.A Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.D Comments: Mass spectroscopy may be used as adjunct in gas chromatography.D Comments: Gas chromatography is a chromatographic method used to separate volatile organic compounds as alcohol. 2.C Comments: Salting out is characterized when the addition of a solute in a solution cause the decrease of solution solubility. 8. the only exception is testosterone that is normally sterilized by dry heat sterilization. 4.E Comments: Amphiprotic is a type of solvent where acids and bases are produced. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.C Comments: TLC-Thin Layer Chromatography is a very fast and simple chromatographic method that separates organic compounds. 6.com CORRECT ANSWERS PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS 1. and tests the purity of products by capillary theory.D Comments: X-rays are not used as detectors in HPLC 7. when the addition of a solute cause the increase of solubility is called salting in.B Comments: M+ molecular ion is detected by mass spectroscopy that determines the molecular weight of the sample. 11. hydrocarbons and aerosols. 3.D Comments: Radiation is the most appropriated sterilization method for hormones. 9. The colligative properties of solutions are osmotic pressure.com Comments: Amphetamines can be extracted from plasma by ether.A Comments: Colligative properties in physical chemistry of a solution. 15.E Comments: HPLC.B Comments: 15. 19. Isotones with the same number of neutrons and isobaros with the same number of mass. molecular weight or chemical constitution. 17.A Comments: Buffers are added to the solutions exactly to avoid the change in the solution’s pH.B Comments: Hydrometer is an instrument used to measure specific gravity by floating in a liquid 20.Colligative proprieties are important in determining the tonicity of the solution. The colligative properties of solutions are osmotic pressure.High Performance Liquid Chromatography is a method that utilizes high-pressure pumps to increase efficiency in the separation. freezing point depression. molecular weight or chemical constitution. 18. boiling point elevation.E Comments: The only function of plates in TLC is support the mobile phase that moves by capillary mechanism through the stationary phase (plates). rather than on their size. 14. freezing point depression. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. therefore if added to the solution will not affect the reaction. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. and vapor pressure lowering 16. and vapor pressure lowering. rather than on their size.A Comments: Picnometer is an instrument used to measure quantity of two liquids with equal volume 21. depending on the number of molecules present in a given space.C Comments: Colligative properties in physical chemistry.B Comments: In physical chemistry. boiling point elevation.E Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc. isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons.www.pharmacyprep. 12. 175 . The mobile phase is normally an aqueous solution and the particles size of the stationary phase definitely alters the effect of resolution. depending on the number of molecules present in a given space. 13. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.A Comments: Amphiprotic solvent as water. 24.COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACY REVIEW – Lippincott William & Wilkins – Fourth edition 2. 3. methanol and ethanol are kind of solvents where acids and bases are produced. 26. Non-aqueous titration can be used in the assay of some materials that cannot be easily titrated in aqueous system.D Comments: Formic acid is a solvent used in non-aqueous titration in the assay of levodopa and methyldopa 27.B Comments: Dimethyl formamide is a solvent used in non-aqueous titration in the assay of sulfonamides. 176 .C Comments: Titration is a determination of a given component in a solution by addition of a liquid reagent of known strength until a given endpoint is reached.CPS-COMPENDIUM OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND SPECIALITIES .pharmacyprep.www.MEDICAL DICTIONARY – Dorland’s illustrated – 27th edition.A Comments: The end point of a titration analysis is characterized by change in color.com Comments: Solvents play an important rule in determining acid/base properties in a solution and may be classified depending of their chemical structure and activity as Solvents can be classified as amphiprotic. Commonly used indicators include triphenyl methane group corants and azo group corants. react and dissociates producing such anion or cation species. protophilic. 23.Canadian Pharmacist Association – 2001 edition. allopurinol and acetozalamide. and make sure that no any side reaction between the sample in analysis and the solvent will happen. inexpensive and have a high dielectric constant. aprotic and protogenic. 25. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited. acetic acid.E Comments: In order to chose the proper solvent to be used in an analysis we need to consider some important points as the nature and solubility of the sample under investigation. 28-C BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE 1. The solvent should be pure. 22. This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep. low toxic. pharmacyprep.PHARMACY PREP – Lectures series & study guide for Evaluating ExaminationTIPS . 177 . This manual is being used during review sessions conducted by PharmacyPrep.USP DI – Drug Information for the Health Care Professional–15th edition – Volume I.2003/2004 5.THERAPUTIC CHOICES – Canadian Pharmacist Association -Third edition 6. Copyright © 2000-2008 TIPS Inc.com 4.www. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual is prohibited.