LWD Measurement Services OverviewLWD New Technology Seminar Dubai Nihal Wijeyesekera Formation Evaluation Business Development Manager Middle East & Asia Evolution of LWD in the Open Hole Formation Evaluation Market 350,000 300,000 250,000 (k) USD 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 1994 1995 1996 LWD Rev 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% % of OH FE Linear (% of OH FE) Conventional LWD Data • Limited Data Resolution • Limited Curves Limited Information to GeoSteer and Interpret the Formation VISION LWD • Excellent Data Resolution • More Curves • Azimuthal Measurements • Formation Images X500 Advanced Well Placement Options Full Formation Evaluation While Drilling X600 A View on Wireline vs. LWD Segment A Segment B – High rig cost or or – Low rig cost and and – High drilling risk – High well placement risk Strong LWD Value WL Participation – Low drilling risk – Low well placement risk WL Preference Limited LWD Value LWD Value Pyramid DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid Core Services DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid Answer Products DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid Core Formation Measurements VA LU E cr ea sin g DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value Additional Measurements VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid NMR DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid Acoustics DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value Advanced Formation Evaluation VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE LWD Value Pyramid DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value REAL-TIME DECISIONS! VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE VISION LWD Services Overview 2 MHz / 400 KHz Propagation Tools VISION Resistivity (ARC) • Phase Shift and Attenuation measurements • Simultaneous acquisition • 2-MHz and 400-kHz frequencies • Borehole compensation • Multiple depths of investigation VISION Resistivity Depths of Investigation VISION Resistivity Environmental Effects Invasion Profiling Multiple Depths of Investigation allow software inversion to evaluate True Resistivity and invasion diameter VISION Resistivity Environmental Effects Formation Effects Geometry Effects What makes those curves separate? • • • • • Invasion Geometry effects Anisotropy Polarization horns etc VISION Resistivity Applications • Rt determination • Invasion Analysis • Detailed Formation Evaluation • Wellbore Stability • Geosteering decisions VISION LWD Services Overview GVR - GeoVision Resistivity A Laterolog (current emitting) LWD resistivity tool • 5 individual resistivity measurements • Bit resistivity - the bit used as a measure electrode • Ring resistivity - a cylindrical electrode provides a focused lateral resistivity • Button resistivity - azimuthally focused electrodes provide 3 depths of investigation • Azimuthal gamma ray for steering GeoVision Resistivity Geosteering application STEER DO WN GeoVISION Resistivity Tool SHALLOW BUTTON Button Electrodes MEDIUM BUTTON DEEP BUTTON Lower Transmitter/Monitor Upper Transmitter Ring Electrode Azimuthal Gamma Ray GVR Applications • LWD laterolog resistivity for WBM • 4 Depths of investigation for FE • Images for facies and structural analysis • Azimuthal resistivity for FE • Bit resistivity steering and “geostopping” • Azimuthal GR and resistivity for geosteering Propagation - the Good and the Bad Relatively deep depth of investigation Will work in non-conductive bore holes Multiple Phase and Attenuation measurements Relatively poor vertical resolution Non-directional measurement Strongly affected by high-angle effects Laterolog - the Good and the Bad Excellent vertical resolution Can produce images for structure analysis Azimuthal measurement Measure point can be very close to (at) the bit Very little high-angle effects Will not work in non-conductive bore holes Relatively shallow depth of investigation VISION LWD Services Overview VISION Density Neutron Service VISION Azimuthal Density Neutron Slick or Stabilized Options Why Azimuthal Measurements? • Resolve formation Heterogeneity (stabilized tool) • Improved accuracy for both slick and stabilized tools – Washouts – Invasion • Generate Borehole images Pick the data you want! * Efficient Source and Data Retrieval Happy Geoscientists: • No loss of data Happy Drillers: Safe People: • Radiation exposure minimized • Rig crew can operate on rig floor without exposure to radiation • Can be run Slick • Retrievable sources for –Reduced environmental risk –Safe fishing operations –Ease of abandonment Ultrasonic Measurements VISION ADN - applications • Petrophysical – Density / neutron – Time lapse invasion • Geological – Images, dips – Fault and facies analysis – Structural modelling – Real time geosteering • Drillers – Hole size and shape - volumes – Wellbore stability VISION LWD Services Overview MWD Components • Real-time Mud Pulse Telemetry System – Real Time Data Transmission • Real-time Surveys for Directional Control – Inclination, azimuth, toolface • Real-time Drilling Mechanics data for Drilling Optimisation and Safety including: – Weight-on-Bit, Downhole Torque-at-Bit, APWD MWD Telemetry Systems A hydraulic poppet valve momentarily restricts the flow of mud to generate an increase in pressure Controlled valve vents mud briefly to the annulus, decreasing the pressure Rotary valve (siren) restricts the mud flow to create a modulating positive pressure wave VISION Telemetry • Flexible data frame format • New standard for data rate • Two-way communication saves trips • World record transmission depth 38,400 ft LWD – Real Time, In Time • The highest data rates in the industry mean you get the data you need, when you need it. The Old Way The New Way Why put up with a minimal suite of poor quality logs in real time? Why control the drilling to get good log data? When you can have a Wireline-Quality logging suite in real-time? LWD Value Pyramid Core Services DECISIONS e.g. Well Placement Reservoir Value VA LU E PRODUCIBILITY & PERMEABILITY POROSITY & SATURATION In cr ea sin g Sh ap e Ho le True Formation Resistivity Ima Visu ging & aliz atio n ΦMR Density ΦNEUTRON & PE Perm Fluids Magnetic Resonance ΦISO V V it bil Mo y d on ati rm re Fo essu Pr AR CW iza r ic ism Se IC A L ic Son IDD BIP Nu me ro us To ols RAB / GV R ISO WD SV W FP Azimuthal Density Neutron (ADN) AR C ProVISION NIC D LWD MEASUREMENT SUITE VISION MWD VISION -MWD • 6-axis Direction & Inclination: With magnetic interference correction • Continuous Surveys (Rotating and sliding) • Two-way communication saves trips • Highest real-time data update rate • Flexible data frame format Downhole Turbine & Modulator VISION / GeoVISION Resistivity VISION Resistivity • 2 MHz/400 kHz frequencies provide up to 20 depths of investigation • Borehole Compensated Resistivity Real-Time Dips & Formation Images GeoVISION Resistivity • High resolution laterolog • Azimuthal GR & Resistivity • Resistivity images • Bit resistivity VISION Porosity Measurements Porosity and Lithology • Azimuthal Density, Pe and Ultrasonic • Density and Pe images • 3D Borehole Caliper Images • Neutron porosity • Azimuthal gamma ray Real-Time Dips & Formation Lamination